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121 σοφία
σοφία, ας, ἡ (s. σοφίζω, σοφός; Hom., Pre–Socr. et al.; LXX, TestSol; TestJob 37:6; Test12patr, JosAs; AscIs 3:23; AssMos Fgm. e; EpArist, Philo, Joseph., Just.,Tat., Ath.)① the capacity to understand and function accordingly, wisdom.ⓐ natural wisdom that belongs to this world σοφία Αἰγυπτίων (Synes., Provid. 1, 1 p. 89a; Jos., Ant. 2, 286; cp. Tat. 31, 1 πάσης βαρβάρου σοφίας ἀρχηγόν [of Moses]) Ac 7:22 (on the subj. s. Philo, Vita Mos. 1, 20ff; Schürer II 350). In contrast to God’s wisdom and the wisdom that comes fr. God ἡ σοφία τῶν σοφῶν 1 Cor 1:19 (Is 29:14). ἡ σοφία τοῦ κόσμου (τούτου) vs. 20; 3:19. σοφία τοῦ αἰῶνος τούτου 2:6b. ἀνθρωπίνη σοφία 2:13. ς. ἀνθρώπων vs. 5. Cp. 1:21b, 22; 2:1. σοφία λόγου cleverness in speaking 1:17. On ἐν πειθοῖς σοφίας λόγοις 2:4 see πειθός. σοφία σαρκική 2 Cor 1:12. ς. ἐπίγειος, ψυχική, δαιμονιώδης Js 3:15 (cp. ς. as ironical referent for dissident teaching: ἡ παμποίκιλος ς. [τῆς] Περατικῆς αἱρέσεως Hippol., Ref. 5, 17, 1).—An advantage that is given to certain persons (like strength and riches, Just., D. 102, 6) 1 Cl 13:1 (Jer 9:22); 32:4; 38:2. So perh. also 39:6 (Job 4:21); but s. bα.ⓑ transcendent wisdomα. wisdom that God imparts to those who are close to God. Solomon (3 Km 5:9; Pr 1:2; Jos., Ant. 8, 168 ς. τοῦ Σ; AssMos Fgm. e [Denis p. 65]; Orig., C. Cels. 3, 45, 9) Mt 12:42; Lk 11:31; Stephen Ac 6:10; Paul 2 Pt 3:15; Pol 3:2; to those believers who are called to account for their faith Lk 21:15. The gift of unveiling secrets (2 Km 14:20; Da 1:17; 2:30. Oenomaus in Eus., PE 5, 27, 1 ἡ σοφία is necessary for the proper use of the oracles) Ac 7:10; Rv 13:18; 17:9. τὸν δεσπότην τὸν δόντα μοι τὴν σοφίαν τοῦ γράψαι τὴν ἱστορίαν ταύτην the Lord, who gave me the wisdom to write this account GJs 25:1. Good judgment in the face of human and specif. Christian demands (practical) wisdom Ac 6:3; Col 4:5; Js 1:5; 3:13, 17 (for the view that ς. in Js 1:5; 3:17=πνεῦμα s. WBieder, TZ 5, ’49, 111). The apostle teaches people ἐν πάσῃ σοφίᾳ Col 1:28, and Christians are to do the same among themselves 3:16 (ἐν πάσῃ ς. also Eph 1:8; Col 1:9).—W. φρόνησις (q.v. 2) Eph 1:8. W. ἀποκάλυψις vs. 17. W. σύνεσις (Jos., Ant. 8, 49): σοφία καὶ σύνεσις πνευματική Col 1:9. σοφία, σύνεσις, ἐπιστήμη, γνῶσις (cp. Philo, Gig. 27) B 2:3; 21:5. σοφία καὶ νοῦς τῶν κρυφίων αὐτοῦ wisdom and understanding of his (i.e. the Lord’s) secrets 6:10.—As a spiritual gift the λόγος σοφίας (cp. Just., D. 121, 2) stands beside the λόγος γνώσεως 1 Cor 12:8 (s. γνῶσις 1 and cp. Aesopica 213, 1 P.: Τύχη ἐχαρίσατο αὐτῷ λόγον σοφίας). Paul differentiates betw. his preaching to unbelievers and immature Christians and σοφίαν λαλεῖν ἐν τοῖς τελείοις 2:6a; the latter he also calls λαλεῖν θεοῦ σοφίαν ἐν μυστηρίῳ set forth the wisdom that comes fr. God as a mystery vs. 7 (WBaird, Interpretation 13, ’59, 425–32).—The false teachers of Colossae consider that their convictions are σοφία Col 2:23.—JdeFinance, La σοφία chez St. Paul: RSR 25, ’35, 385–417.β. wisdom of Christ and of Godא. Christ: of Jesus as a boy (s. ἡλικία 1b) Lk 2:40, 52. Of him as an adult Mt 13:54; Mk 6:2. Of the exalted Christ ἐν ᾧ εἰσιν πάντες οἱ θησαυροὶ τῆς σοφίας καὶ γνώσεως Col 2:3.—Rv 5:12. By metonymy Χρ. Ἰ., ὸ̔ς ἐγενήθη σοφία ἡμῖν ἀπὸ θεοῦ Christ Jesus, who has become a source of wisdom from God for us 1 Cor 1:30. This last makes a transition toב. wisdom of God (Diog. L. 1, 28 σοφίᾳ πρῶτον εἶναι τὸν θεόν; Theoph. Ant. I, 6 [p. 70, 18] ς. τοῦ θεοῦ): revealed in his creation and rule of the world 1 Cor 1:21a, or in the measures intended to bring salvation to the believers Ro 11:33 (here w. γνῶσις; cp. TestJob 37:6 of God’s depth of wisdom); Eph 3:10; Hv 1, 3, 4 (w. πρόνοια).—Rv 7:12; 1 Cl 18:6 (Ps 50:8); B 16:9 (cp. δικαίωμα 1). Christ is called θεοῦ σοφία the embodiment of the wisdom of God 1 Cor 1:24 (cp. א above; Just., D. 61, 3 ὁ λόγος τῆς σοφίας; Diog. L. 9, 50 Protagoras is called Σοφία.—Lucian in Peregr. 11 speaks ironically of the θαυμαστὴ σοφία τῶν Χριστιανῶν. Orig., C. Cels. 6, 44, 27 τῷ υἱῷ τοῦ θεοῦ ὄντι δικαιοσύνῃ καὶ ἀληθείᾳ καὶ ς.)—UWilckens, Weisheit u. Torheit ( 1 Cor 1 and 2), ’59; FChrist, Jesus Sophia (synopt.) ’70.② personified wisdom, Wisdom (Ael. Aristid. 45, 17 K. as a mediator betw. Sarapis and humans; perh.=Isis; AHöfler, D. Sarapishymnus des Ael. Aristid. ’35, 50 and 53f; the name of an aeon Iren. 1, 2, 3 [Harv. I 16, 5]; s. also Did., Gen, 213, 12). In connection w. Pr 1:23–33: 1 Cl 57:3 (λέγει ἡ πανάρετος σοφία), 5 (=Pr 1:29); 58:1. On ἐδικαιώθη ἡ σοφία κτλ. Mt 11:19; Lk 7:35 cp. δικαιόω 2bα and Ps.-Pla., Eryx. 6, 394d ἡ σοφία καὶ τὰ ἔργα τὸ ἀπὸ ταύτης=wisdom and her fruits. ἡ σοφία τοῦ θεοῦ εἶπεν Lk 11:49 introduces a statement made by ‘wisdom’ (‘wisdom’ is variously explained in this connection; on the one hand, it is said to refer to the OT, or to an apocryphal book by this title [s. 3 below]; on the other hand, Jesus is thought of as proclaiming a decree of divine wisdom, or Lk is thinking of wisdom that Jesus has communicated to them at an earlier time).③ a book titled ‘The Wisdom of God’, s. 2.—EBréhier, Les idées philosophiques et religieuses de Philon d’Alexandrie 1907, 115ff; JMeinhold, Die Weisheit Israels 1908; GHoennicke, RE XXI 1908, 64ff; HWindisch, Die göttl. Weisheit der Juden u. die paulin. Christologie: Heinrici Festschr. 1914, 220 ff; PHeinisch, Die persönl. Weisheit des ATs in religionsgesch. Beleuchtung2 1923; Bousset, Rel.3 343ff; FFerrari, Il Progresso religioso 8, 1928, 241–53; MTechert, La notion de la Sagesse dans les trois prem. siècles: Archiv. f. Gesch. d. Philos. n.s. 32, 1930, 1–27; WKnox, St. Paul and the Church of the Gentiles ’39, 55–89; BRigaux, NTS 4, ’57/58, esp. 252–57 (Qumran); HConzelmann, Pls. u. die Weisheit, NTS 12, ’66, 231–44; MSuggs, Wisdom, Christology, and Law in Mt, ’70. Other lit. in Schürer III/1, 198–212.—BGladigow, Sophia und Kosmos, Untersuchungen zur frühgeschichte von σοφό und σοφίη ’65.—DELG s.v. σοφό. M-M. EDNT. TW. Sv. -
122 travel
I n1) подорожsea travel, travel by boat — морські подорожі
travel writing /books/ — книги про подорожі
travel was slow and dangerous in olden days — в старий час подорож здійснювалася поволі, була пов'язана з небезпекою
2) pl поїздки; ( дальні) мандриis he still on his travels — є він все ще подорожуєє, він ще не повернувся зі своєї поїздкиє; опис подорожей
3) рух; просуванняthe travel of satellites around the Earth — рух супутників навколо Землі; розповсюдження ( хвиль)
travel and nose are the most necessary qualifications of a dog — у собаки найважливіше - швидкість бігу, чуття
4) рух, просування5) aмep. вуличний рух6) вiйcьк. переміщення мети; pyx7) cпeц. подача; хід; довжина ходу; фiз. пройдений шляхII v1) подорожуватиto travel a great deal /widely/ — багато подорожувати, об'їхати багато країн
to travel light — подорожувати без нічого /з невеликим багажом/; to travel for ones health подорожувати з метою покращення здоров'я
2) їздити; їхатиto travel on business — їздити у справах; їхати ( по дорозі)
oertain roads can be travel led only on horseback — по деяких дорогах можна їздити тілько верхи; проїздити, покривати відстань
that day we travellea 800 km — того дня ми проїхали відстань в 800 км.
the modern travel book has travel led a long way from a formal diary — сучасна книга подорожей пройшла /пройшла/ великий шлях від звичайного щоденника; їздити як комівояжер
3) перевозитиto travel cattle — перевозити худобу; перевозитися
cases which travel in freight cars — валізи, які перевозяться /які перевозять/ в товарних вагонах; допускати перевезення
this wine wont — то вино не можна перевозити, це вино не витримає перевезення
4) рухатися, пересуватися, переміщатисяanimals travel on land, in the water, and in the air — тварини переміщаються по землі, у воді, по повітрю
the train was travelling at 150 km an hour — потяг йшов /їхав/ зі швидкістю 150 км. За годину
5) переміщатися, розповсюджуватисяbad news travels quickly — погані новини швидко доходять /розповсюджуються/; ideas travel slowly [quickly] ідеї розповсюджуються поволі [швидко]
the pain travelled all the way to his head — біль дійшов нарешті, до його голови ( over) перебирати ( у пам'яті)
she let her thoughts travel over the past — вона звернулася думками до минулому; переходити від предмету до предмету ( про погляд)
7) обертатися, бути вхожим; належатиto travel in wealthy circles — обертатися в багатому суспільстві, бути вхожим в коло багатих
the crowd he travelled with — компанія, до якої він належав; люди, з якими він спілкувався
8) пастися, поступово просуваючись вперед ( про тварин)9) cпopт. робити пробіжку ( у баскетболі)10) дiaл. йти пішки -
123 neurri
iz.1. ( neurtzeari d.)a. measure; \neurrian ezarri to take measure of ; \neurriz eman to give full measure; orain hartu behar zenituzke haren luze-labarraren \neurri zehatzak you should now take the exact measurements of her heightb. lepoaren \neurri neck size; zer \neurritako soinekoa erabiltzen duzu? what size of dress do you wear?c. \neurrira egindako galtzak trousers made to measure (GB) | custom-made pants (USA) ; zure nahiaren \neurrira in accordance with your wishes; oinetakoa, apur bat erabilitz gero oinaren \neurrira etortzen da once you wear footwear a bit you can break it in2. ( unitatea) measure; milia bide-\neurria da a mile is a measure of distance; denbora-\neurri measure of time3. ( handiera, kopurua neurtzeko)a. measure; pintaren \neurri pint measureb. (irud.) measure, yardstick; hitzaren aintzintasuna eta hedadura hartzen badugu \neurri if we use the antiquity and extension of a word as a yardstick4.a. extent; \neurri batean completely; \neurri handi batean to a great extent; \neurri txikiagoan to a lesser extent; haien ezjakinaren \neurria oparoegia da the extent of their ignorance is too great; amerikar gehienak oso abertzaleak dira eta abertzaletasun hori, \neurri berean ez bada ere, nabaritzen zaie euskaldunei most Americans are very patriotic and that patriotism, though not to the same {extent || degree}, is readily apparent among Basquesb. ( heina) behar den \neurrian proportionately | proportionally; berorri dagokion \neurrian in the proportion commensurate with it; eginak egin, lanpostuak galtzen ari dira eta \neurria ez doa urritzen, hazten eta ugaritzen baizik in spite of everything that's been done, jobs are being lost and the rate is not decreasing but growing and increasing instead; egin daitekeen \neurrian insofar as it is possible; ahal daitekeen \neurrian lagundu behar ditugu we must help them insofar as we are able to5. measure, step; \neurriak hartu to take {measures || steps}; behar diren \neurri guztiak hartu to take all necessary steps; auzi laburreko \neurriak summary measures6.a. ( bertsoari d.) metre, measure; ber-tsoa \neurrian dago the verse is in metreb. Mus. beatc. ( dantzari d.) cadence7. moderation, restraint; janean eta edanean \neurri ona du he is moderate in what he eats and drinks; ardoari \neurria hartu to drink wine {moderately || in moderation}; \neurri gabe edaten duena the one who overdrinks; \neurriz eman to give in moderation; \neurriz mintzatu to talk moderatelyb. \neurri jakin batean up to a point | to a certain extent8. ( muga) limit; Jainkoak gauza guztiei ipini die beren \neurria God sets limits to everything; \neurria igaro du that's carrying things too far; \neurririk gabe unbounded; \neurriz gora egin to overdo it | to go beyond the bounds du/ad. to measure -
124 travel
1. n путешествиеsea travel, travel by boat — морские путешествия
air travel — путешествие по воздуху, самолётом
2. n l3. n поездки; странствия4. n описание путешествий5. n движение; продвижение6. n распространение7. n скоростьtravel and nose are the most necessary qualifications of a dog — у собаки важнее всего скорость бега и чутьё
8. n движение, продвижение9. n амер. уличное движение10. n воен. перемещение цели11. n воен. спец. подача; ход; длина ходаtravel - out, direct rear-in — переход - вход без дохвата
travel - out, double rear-in — переход - вход
12. n воен. физ. пройденный путь13. v путешествоватьto travel a great deal — много путешествовать, объехать много стран
14. v ездить; ехать15. v ехатьto travel dawk — ехать, на перекладных
16. v проезжать, покрывать расстояние17. v ездить в качестве коммивояжёра18. v перевозить19. v перевозитьсяcases which travel in freight cars — чемоданы, которые перевозятся в товарных вагонах
20. v допускать перевозку21. v двигаться, передвигаться, перемещаться22. v перемещаться, распространятьсяbad news travels quickly — плохие вести быстро доходят ;
23. v перебирать24. v переходить от предмета к предмету25. v разг. ехать с большой скоростью26. v вращаться, быть вхожим; принадлежатьto travel in wealthy circles — вращаться в богатом обществе, быть вхожим в круг богатых
27. v пастись, постепенно продвигаясь вперёд28. v диал. идти пешкомСинонимический ряд:1. journey (noun) expedition; journey; peregrination; peregrinations; travels; trek; trip2. passage (noun) passage; transit3. taking a trip (noun) being on the road; globe-trotting; going abroad; going on a cruise; making a voyage; seeing the world; space travel; taking a trip; trekking4. traffic (noun) traffic5. commute (verb) commute; jaunt; range; tour; voyage; wander6. cover (verb) cover; do; pass over; track; traverse7. go (verb) fare; go; hie; journey; pass; proceed; push on; repair; wend8. leave earth (verb) leave earth; orbit; rocket9. see the world (verb) cruise; go on a tour; hit the road; journey; peregrinate; ramble; see the world; take a trip; trek10. spread (verb) circulate; get about; get around; go around; spread -
125 žuriti
žuriti Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `rage'Russian:žurít' (coll.) `reprove, scold' [verb], žurjú [1sg], žurít [3sg];žurít'sja (dial.) `grieve, quarrel' [verb], žurjús' [1sg], žurítsja [3sg]Czech:zuřiti `rage, be furious' [verb] \{1\}Slovak:zúrit' `rage, be furious' [verb] \{1\}Polish:żurzyć się (obs.) `be angry, rage' [verb]Lower Sorbian:zuriś `make sour, embitter' [verb]Serbo-Croatian:Slovene:žúriti se `hurry' [verb], žúrim se [1sg]Indo-European reconstruction: gʰeuro-Comments: According to Young (2002), the West Slavic forms continue a denominative verb based on an unattested adjective corresponding to Lith. žiaurùs `cruel, savage', which he assumes to have the same root as Lith. žvėrìs `wild animal' (*ǵʰeuh₁r-?). Like Vasmer and others, he connects the East and South Slavic forms with Skt. ghorá- `terrible, terrifying' [adj] and Go. gaurs `sad' [adj]. Since the meaning of the West Slavic forms may have been influenced by German sauer `sour, angry' (perhaps through association with West Slavic * žurъ `sour mass used for soup or bread', which is regarded as a borrowing), I wonder if it is necessary to assume a different origin for the West Slavic forms on the one hand and the East and South Slavic forms on the other.Other cognates:Skt. ghorá- (RV+) `terrible, terrifying' [adj];Notes:\{1\} With dissimilation of *žuř- to zuř- in Czech (Machek 1971: s.v.). The Slovak form may be a borrowing from Czech. -
126 strike a balance
1) Общая лексика: подвести баланс, подвести итоги, подводить баланс, восстановить равновесие, примирить, соблюдать баланс (For this reason, a balance has to be struck between the necessary measures on the one hand and the ability of transport system to operate efficiently on the other hand), выдерживать баланс, обретать золотую середину, найти компромисс, пойти на компромисс2) Переносный смысл: подводить итоги3) Бухгалтерия: подбить баланс4) Банковское дело: сводить баланс -
127 соблюдать баланс
General subject: strike a balance (For this reason, a balance has to be struck between the necessary measures on the one hand and the ability of transport system to operate efficiently on the other hand) -
128 वैकारिक _vaikārika
वैकारिक a. (-की f.)1 Relating to modification.-2 Modifying, changing; सत्त्वेन चित्तं क्षेत्रज्ञे गुणैर्वैकारिकं परे Bhāg.7.12.3.-3 Modified.-4 Changeable; एवं वैकारिकीं मायामयुक्ता वस्तु चक्षते Bhāg.1.73.11.-5 Relating to Sattva (सात्त्विक); वैकारिकस्तैजसश्च तामसश्चैत्यहं त्रिधा Bhāg.3.5.3.-कः A class of deities; इन्द्रियाणि मनो बुद्धिः सह वैकारिकैर्नृप Bhāg.11.3.15.-Comp. -कालः the time necessary for the formation of the fœtus.-बन्धः (in Sāṅkhya phil.) one of the three-fold forms of bondage.
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