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121 witness
A n1 gen, Jur ( person) témoin m ; she was a witness to the accident elle a été témoin de l'accident ; witness for the prosecution/the defence, prosecution/defence witness témoin à charge/à décharge ; to call sb as a witness citer qn comme témoin ; I have been called as a witness in the Mulloy case j'ai été appelé à témoigner dans l'affaire Mulloy ; to sign a document in the presence of a witness signer un document en présence d'un témoin ; to be a witness to sb's will servir de témoin lors de la signature du testament de qn ;2 ( testimony) témoignage m ; to be ou bear witness to sth témoigner de qch ; his expensive cars are ou bear witness to his wealth ses voitures de luxe témoignent de sa richesse ; the dilapidation of the school bears witness to the lack of funds la dégradation de l'école est une preuve évidente du manque de fonds ; to bear false witness Jur faire un faux témoignage ;3 ¢ Relig témoignage m.B vtr1 ( see) être témoin de, assister à [attack, incident, burglary] ; they witnessed the murder/the accident ils ont été témoins du meurtre/de l'accident ;2 ( at official occasion) servir de témoin lors de la signature de [document, treaty] ; être témoin à [marriage] ;3 fig we are about to witness a transformation of the world economy nous sommes sur le point d'assister à une transformation de l'économie mondiale ; the last decade has witnessed tremendous advances in technology la dernière décennie a vu des progrès considérables dans le domaine de la technologie ; his hard work has paid off, (as) witness his exam results son travail acharné a payé, comme en témoignent ses résultats d'examen ; this house has witnessed many historic events cette maison a été le théâtre de beaucoup d'événements historiques, beaucoup d'événements historiques se sont déroulés dans cette maison. -
122 state
state [steɪt]état ⇒ 1 (a) État ⇒ 1 (b), 1 (c) d'État, de l'État ⇒ 2 (a), 2 (b) officiel ⇒ 2 (c) déclarer ⇒ 3 formuler ⇒ 31 noun(a) (condition) état m;∎ the country is in a state of war/shock le pays est en état de guerre/choc;∎ a state of confusion prevailed la confusion régnait;∎ he was in a state of confusion il ne savait plus où il en était;∎ he was in a state of panic il a été pris de panique;∎ she was in a state of terror elle était terrifiée;∎ the married state le mariage;∎ the single state le célibat;∎ chlorine in its gaseous/liquid state le chlore à l'état gazeux/liquide;∎ to be in a good/bad state (road, carpet, car) être en bon/mauvais état; (person, economy, friendship) aller bien/mal;∎ the house was in a good/poor state of repair la maison était en bon/mauvais état;∎ to be in a terrible state (person → emotionally) être dans tous ses états; (→ physically) être dans un état lamentable; (room, papers) être sens dessus dessous;∎ she was in no (fit) state to make a decision elle était hors d'état de ou elle n'était pas en état de prendre une décision;∎ the car's not in a state to be driven la voiture n'est pas en état de rouler;∎ what's the current state of play? où en sont-ils?;∎ what's the current state of play on the project? où en est le projet?;∎ familiar to get into a state se mettre dans tous ses états;∎ he gets into an awful state if I don't phone si je ne lui téléphone pas, il se met dans tous ses états;∎ there's no need to get into such a state about it ce n'est pas la peine de te mettre dans un état pareil∎ a state within a state un État dans l'État;∎ the member states les États membres;∎ the head of state le chef de l'État;∎ heads of state chefs mpl d'État;∎ the separation of (the) Church and (the) State la séparation de l'Église et de l'État(c) (in US, Australia, India etc → political division) État m;∎ familiar the States les États-Unis□, les US;∎ the State of Ohio l'État de l'Ohio∎ he was in his robes of state il était en costume d'apparat(a) (government → secret) d'État; (→ subsidy, intervention, pension) de l'État; Economics (→ sector) public; (→ airline, funeral) national∎ the state capital la capitale de l'État;∎ a state university une université d'État ou publique;∎ the Michigan State team l'équipe de l'État du Michigan;∎ a state park un parc régional;∎ American to turn state's evidence or state's witness = témoigner contre ses complices en échange d'une remise de peine∎ state occasion cérémonie f officielle;∎ the State Opening of Parliament = l'ouverture officielle du Parlement britannique en présence du souverain(utter, say) déclarer; (express, formulate → intentions) déclarer; (→ demands) formuler; (→ proposition, problem, conclusions, views) énoncer, formuler; (→ conditions) poser;∎ the president stated emphatically that the rumours were untrue le président a démenti catégoriquement les rumeurs;∎ I have already stated my position on that issue j'ai déjà fait connaître ma position à ce sujet;∎ I have stated my opinion j'ai donné mon opinion;∎ we state the current figures on page five les chiffres actuels sont donnés en page cinq;∎ the regulations clearly state that daily checks must be made le règlement dit ou indique clairement que des vérifications quotidiennes doivent être effectuées;∎ please state salary expectations veuillez indiquer le salaire souhaité;∎ state your name and address donnez vos nom, prénoms et adresse;∎ the man refused to state his business l'homme a refusé d'expliquer ce qu'il voulait;∎ as stated above comme indiqué plus haut;∎ state the figure as a percentage exprimez ou indiquez le chiffre en pourcentage;∎ to state one's case présenter ses arguments;∎ Law to state the case for the defence/the prosecution présenter le dossier de la défense/de l'accusationAmerican (department) le Département d'Étaten grand apparat, en grande pompe;∎ to travel in state voyager en grand apparat;∎ to dine in state dîner en grande pompe;∎ to lie in state être exposé solennellement;∎ to live in state mener grand train►► state of affairs circonstances fpl actuelles;∎ nothing can be done in the present state of affairs vu les circonstances actuelles, on ne peut rien faire;∎ this is an appalling state of affairs c'est une situation épouvantable;∎ ironic this is a fine state of affairs! c'est du propre!;state apartments appartements mpl de parade;state of the art (of procedures, systems) ce qui se fait de mieux;∎ the state of the art in linguistics l'état actuel des connaissances en linguistique;state attorney procureur m;American state bank banque f de dépôt (agréée par un État);state buildings bâtiments mpl publics;state capitalism capitalisme m d'État;state church église f d'État;state control contrôle m étatique; (doctrine) étatisme m;∎ to be put or placed under state control être nationalisé;∎ state control of the means of communication nationalisation f des moyens de communication;American State Department ministère m des Affaires étrangères;state of emergency état m d'urgence;∎ a state of emergency has been declared l'état d'urgence a été déclaré;British State Enrolled Nurse aide-soignant m diplômé, aide-soignante f diplômée;History States General États généraux mpl;American state line frontière f entre États;American state lottery loterie f d'État;state of mind état m d'esprit;∎ in your present state of mind dans l'état d'esprit qui est le vôtre;∎ success is just a state of mind la réussite n'est qu'un état d'esprit;∎ is he in a better state of mind? est-ce qu'il est dans de meilleures dispositions?;state pension pension f de l'État;state police police f de l'État;American state prison prison f d'État (pour les longues peines);British State Registered Nurse infirmier m diplômé, infirmière f diplômée (remplacé en 1992 par "Registered Nurse");American states' rights = principe selon lequel, si la constitution des États-Unis n'octroie ni ne refuse un pouvoir à un État particulier, ce pouvoir appartient de fait à l'État et non au gouvernement fédéral;British state school école f publique;British state sector secteur m public;state socialism socialisme m d'État;State Supreme Court = instance judiciaire suprême dans chaque État américain;the state system (education) le public, l'enseignement m public;American state trooper ≃ gendarme m;State of the Union address discours m sur l'état de l'Union;Politics state visit visite f officielle;∎ he's on a state visit to Japan il est en visite officielle ou voyage officiel au Japonⓘ STATE OF THE UNION ADDRESS Ce discours radiotélévisé, dans lequel le président des États-Unis dresse le bilan de son programme et en définit les orientations, est prononcé devant le Congrès. L'allocution présidentielle a lieu tous les ans en janvier. -
123 Taylor, David Watson
SUBJECT AREA: Ports and shipping[br]b. 4 March 1864 Louisa County, Virginia, USAd. 29 July 1940 Washington, DC, USA[br]American hydrodynamicist and Rear Admiral in the United States Navy Construction Corps.[br]Taylor's first years were spent on a farm in Virginia, but at the age of 13 he went to RandolphMacon College, graduating in 1881, and from there to the US Naval Academy, Annapolis. He graduated at the head of his class, had some sea time, and then went to the Royal Naval College in Greenwich, England, where in 1888 he again came top of the class with the highest-ever marks of any student, British or overseas.On his return to the United States he held various posts as a constructor, ending this period at the Mare Island Navy Yard in California. In 1894 he was transferred to Washington, where he joined the Bureau of Construction and started to interest the Navy in ship model testing. Under his direction, the first ship model tank in the United States was built at Washington and for fourteen years operated under his control. The work of this establishment gave him the necessary information to write the highly acclaimed text The Speed and Power of Ships, which with revisions is still in use. By the outbreak of the First World War he was one of the world's most respected naval architects, and had been retained as a consultant by the British Government in the celebrated case of the collision between the White Star Liner Olympic and HMS Hawke.In December 1914 Taylor became a Rear-Admiral and was appointed Chief Constructor of the US Navy. His term of office was extremely stressful, with over 1,000 ships constructed for the war effort and with the work of the fledgling Bureau for Aeronautics also under his control. The problems were not over in 1918 as the Washington Treaty required drastic pruning of the Navy and a careful reshaping of the defence force.Admiral Taylor retired from active service at the beginning of 1923 but retained several consultancies in aeronautics, shipping and naval architecture. For many years he served as consultant to the ship-design company now known as Gibbs and Cox. Many honours came his way, but the most singular must be the perpetuation of his name in the David Taylor Medal, the highest award of the Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers in the United States. Similarly, the Navy named its ship test tank facility, which was opened in Maryland in 1937, the David W. Taylor Model Basin.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsPresident, Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers 1925–7. United States Distinguished Service Medal. American Society of Civil Engineers John Fritz Medal. Institution of Naval Architects Gold Medal 1894 (the first American citizen to receive it). Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers David W.Taylor Medal 1936 (the first occasion of this award).BibliographyResistance of Ships and Screw Propulsion. 1911, The Speed and Power of Ships, New York: Wiley.Taylor gave many papers to the Maritime Institutions of both the United States and the United Kingdom.FMW -
124 witness
1. [ʹwıtnıs] n1. 1) свидетель, очевидец2) свидетель (особ. в суде)God is my witness that - видит бог, что...
witness for the crown /for the prosecution, against the accused/ - свидетель обвинения
to hear /to examine/ a witness - допрашивать свидетеля
3) юр. лицо, присутствующее при оформлении сделки, завещания, подписании брачного контракта и т. п.attesting /subscribing/ witness, witness to a signature - лицо, заверяющее чью-л. подпись; свидетель подписи (на завещании, обязательстве)
2. свидетельское показание; свидетельствоto give witness - давать свидетельские показания; свидетельствовать
to bear witness (of, to) - свидетельствовать; давать свидетельские показания
he bore witness in the murder case - он давал показания по делу об убийстве
to bear smb. witness - а) подтвердить чьи-л. слова; б) засвидетельствовать чей-л. поступок
in witness of /whereof/... - юр. в удостоверение чего...
3. признак, подтверждение, свидетельство, доказательствоmy clothes are a witness to my poverty - моя одежда говорит /свидетельствует/ о бедности
4. пример2. [ʹwıtnıs] v1. быть свидетелем, очевидцем (чего-л.); видеть (что-л.)2. свидетельствовать; служить признаком, доказательствомher pale face witnessed the agitation she felt - её бледность говорила о сильном волнении, которое она испытывала
3. быть местом или временем совершения чего-л.the area has witnessed many a battle - эта местность видела много сражений
4. юр. быть свидетелем при оформлении документа, заверять (подпись и т. п.) в качестве свидетеляto witness a will - засвидетельствовать завещание; заверить подпись на завещании
❝witnessed❞ - «заверено», «удостоверено»5. давать свидетельские показания, выступать свидетелем (в суде и т. п.)to witness against [for] smb. - давать показания против [в защиту] кого-л.
he witnessed to having seen the man enter the building - он показал, что видел, как этот человек вошёл в дом
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125 sum
сумма; количество; итог | подводить итогsum in dispute — сумма иска, исковая сумма, сумма спора, спорная сумма;
sum insured — страховая сумма;
to sum up for the Commonwealth — подытожить ( в заключительной речи) результаты судебного разбирательства с точки зрения обвинения ( в судах некоторых штатов);
to sum up for the Crown — подытожить ( в заключительной речи) результаты судебного разбирательства с точки зрения обвинения;
to sum up for the defence — подытожить ( в заключительной речи или в последнем слове подсудимого) результаты судебного разбирательства с точки зрения защиты;
to sum up for the Government — подытожить ( в заключительной речи) результаты судебного разбирательства с точки зрения обвинения ( в судах штатов);
to sum up for the prosecution — подытожить ( в заключительной речи) ре- зультаты судебного разбирательства с точки зрения обвинения;
to sum up for the State — подытожить ( в заключительной речи) результаты судебного разбирательства с точки зрения обвинения ( в судах штатов);
to sum up the case [the evidence] — подытоживать результаты судебного разбирательства [следствия]
- lump sum- penal sum* * *• /vt/ подытоживать• сумма -
126 prosecution
1) ((an) act of prosecuting or process of being prosecuted: He faces prosecution for drunken driving; There are numerous prosecutions for this offence every year.) rettslig påtale2) (the person/people bringing a legal action, including the lawyer(s) representing them: First the prosecution stated its case, then the defence.) aktoratet, påtalemyndighet, statsadvokatsubst. \/ˌprɒsɪˈkjuːʃ(ə)n\/1) ( jus) søksmål, anklage2) ( jus) rettsforfølgelse, rettslig påtale3) ( jus) det å bringe for retten, tiltale4) fullføring, gjennomføring, sluttføring5) det å bedrive noe, det å drive med noe, utøvelse, utførelsebring a prosecution ( jus) reise tiltaledrop a prosecution ( jus) frafalle forfølgninginstitute a prosecution ( jus) reise påtale, reise forfølgningthe prosecution aktoratet, påtalemyndighetenspeech for the prosecution anklagetalewitness for the prosecution anklagerens vitne, aktoratets vitne -
127 address
1) адреса; звертання, вступна промова, послання; звернена до глави виконавчої влади вимога законодавчого органу про усунення призначеного ним чиновника ( крім суддів); частина позовної заяви, де міститься назва суду, до якого подається позов2) звертатися, адресувати•address the court through counsel — = address the court through one's counsel звертатися до суду через адвоката
- address a courtaddress the court through one's counsel — = address the court through counsel
- address a petition
- address an application
- address commission
- address for service
- address for the defence
- address for the defense
- address for the prosecution
- address from the throne
- address in case of need
- address on the fact
- address on the law
- address the court in person
- address the House
- address the jury
- address the Parliament
- address to the crown
- address to the jury
- address unknown -
128 appear
ə'piə1) (to come into view: A man suddenly appeared round the corner.) aparecer2) (to arrive (at a place etc): He appeared in time for dinner.) llegar3) (to come before or present oneself/itself before the public or a judge etc: He is appearing on television today; He appeared before Judge Scott.) aparecer, comparecer4) (to look or seem as if (something is the case): It appears that he is wrong; He appears to be wrong.) parecer, parece ser que•appear vb1. aparecer2. parecer3. actuar / salir / aparecertr[ə'pɪəSMALLr/SMALL]1 (become visible) aparecer2 (before a court etc) comparecer ( before, ante)3 (on stage etc) actuar4 (seem) parecer5 (on TV, in film, in newspaper) salir\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLso it appears / so it would appear así pareceappear [ə'pɪr] vi1) : aparecer, aparecerse, presentarsehe suddenly appeared: apareció de repente2) come out: aparecer, salir, publicarse3) : comparecer (ante el tribunal), actuar (en el teatro)4) seem: parecerexpr.• parecer v.v.• aparecer v.• comparecer v.• parecer v.• presentar v.• salir v.(§pres: salgo, sales...) fut/c: saldr-•)• surgir v.ə'pɪr, ə'pɪə(r)2)a) ( come into view) aparecer*b) \<\<spirit\>\> aparecerse*3) ( be published) aparecer*, salir*to appear in print — publicarse*
4) ( on television) aparecer*, salir*; ( Theat) actuar*5) ( Law) comparecer*to appear in court — comparecer*
6) ( seem) parecer*so it appears o so it would appear — eso parece
it appears not o it would appear not — parecería que no
to appear to + inf — parecer* + inf
it appears that: it appears that she was the only one not to know — parece ser que era la única que no lo sabía
[ǝ'pɪǝ(r)]VI1) (=arrive, become visible) [person, graffiti] aparecer; [ghost] aparecerse; [spot, stain, crack] aparecer, salir; [symptom] aparecer, presentarsehe appeared briefly to address his supporters — hizo una breve aparición para dirigirse a sus seguidores
•
he appeared from nowhere — salió or apareció de la nadawhere did you appear from? — ¿de dónde has salido?
•
to appear to sb — (as vision) aparecerse a algn2) (Theat, TV) salirshe appeared in "Fuenteovejuna" — salió or hizo un papel en "Fuenteovejuna"
•
she appeared as Ophelia — hizo (el papel) de Ofelia3) (Jur)a) [defendant] comparecer•
to appear before sb — comparecer ante algn•
to appear in court — comparecer ante el tribunal or los tribunales•
to appear on a charge of murder — comparecer acusado de homicidiob) [lawyer]to appear for the defence/the prosecution — representar a la defensa/la acusación
4) (=be published) salir, publicarsethe book appeared in 1960 — el libro salió or se publicó en 1960
the term first appeared in print in 1530 — el primer testimonio escrito del término se remonta a 1530
5) (=seem) parecerhow does it appear to you? — ¿qué impresión le da?
it appears to me that they are mistaken — me da la impresión de que or me parece que están equivocados
they appear not to like each other — parece que no se gustan, no parece que se gusten
•
"he came then?" - "so it would appear" — -¿entonces él ha venido? -eso pareceshe got the job, or so it would appear — le dieron el trabajo, según parece
6) (=become apparent)* * *[ə'pɪr, ə'pɪə(r)]2)a) ( come into view) aparecer*b) \<\<spirit\>\> aparecerse*3) ( be published) aparecer*, salir*to appear in print — publicarse*
4) ( on television) aparecer*, salir*; ( Theat) actuar*5) ( Law) comparecer*to appear in court — comparecer*
6) ( seem) parecer*so it appears o so it would appear — eso parece
it appears not o it would appear not — parecería que no
to appear to + inf — parecer* + inf
it appears that: it appears that she was the only one not to know — parece ser que era la única que no lo sabía
См. также в других словарях:
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