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81 through
A prep1 ( from one side to the other) à travers ; to see through the curtain/mist voir à travers le rideau/la brume ; to feel the stones through one's shoes sentir les cailloux à travers ses chaussures ; to cut through the fields couper à travers champs ; the nail went right through the wall le clou a traversé le mur ; to drive through the forest/desert traverser la forêt/le désert (en voiture) ; to stick one's finger through the slit passer son doigt dans la fente ; to poke sth through a hole enfoncer qch dans un trou ; to drill through a cable toucher un fil électrique avec une perceuse ; he was shot through the head on lui a tiré une balle dans la tête ; it has a crack running through it il est fêlé ;2 (via, by way of) to go through a tunnel passer par un tunnel ; to go through London/the town centre passer par Londres/le centre-ville ; to travel through Germany to Poland aller en Pologne en passant par l'Allemagne ; the path goes through the woods le chemin passe par le bois ; to come in through the hole/door entrer par le trou/la porte ; go straight through that door passez cette porte ; to jump through the window sauter par la fenêtre ; to look through regarder avec [binoculars, telescope] ; regarder par [hole, window, keyhole] ; to hear sth through the wall entendre qch à travers le mur ; you have to go through her secretary il faut passer par sa secrétaire ;3 ( past) to go through brûler [red light] ; to get ou go through passer à travers [barricade] ; passer [customs] ; to push one's way through se frayer un chemin à travers [crowd, undergrowth] ; the water poured through the roof l'eau passait à travers le toit ;4 ( among) to fly through the clouds voler au milieu des nuages ; to leap through the trees sauter de branche en branche ; to fly through the air [acrobat] voler dans les airs ; [arrow, bullet] fendre l'air ; ⇒ go, search, sort ;5 ( expressing source or agency) I heard through a friend j'ai appris par un ami ; I met my husband through her c'est par elle que j'ai rencontré mon mari ; it was through her that I got this job c'est par son intermédiaire que j'ai eu ce travail ; to speak through an interpreter parler par l'intermédiaire d'un interprète ; to send sth through the post envoyer qch par la poste ; to book sth through a travel agent réserver qch dans une agence de voyage ; to order sth through a mail order firm commander qch à une société de vente par correspondance ; I only know her through her writings je ne la connais qu'à travers ses écrits ;6 ( because of) through carelessness/inexperience par négligence/manque d'expérience ; through illness pour cause de maladie ; through no fault of mine, we were late ce n'était pas à cause de moi que nous étions en retard ;7 ( until the end of) to work through the night travailler toute la nuit ; all ou right through the day toute la journée ; he talked right through the film il a parlé pendant tout le film ; to stay through until Sunday rester jusqu'à dimanche ; to work through the lunch-hour travailler pendant l'heure du déjeuner ; ⇒ live, see, sleep ;8 ( up to and including) jusqu'à ; from Friday through to Sunday de vendredi jusqu'à dimanche ; 1939 through 1945 US de 1939 jusqu'à 1945 ; open April through September US ouvert d'avril à fin septembre.B adj1 ○ ( finished) fini ; I'm through j'ai fini ; I'm not through with you yet! je n'en ai pas encore fini avec toi! ; are you through with the paper? as-tu fini de lire le journal? ; I'm through with men! les hommes-c'est fini! ; we're through ( of a couple) c'est fini entre nous ; Claire and I are through c'est fini entre Claire et moi ;2 ( direct) [train, ticket] direct ; [freight] à forfait ; [bill of lading] direct ; a through route to the station un chemin direct pour aller à la gare ; ‘no through road’ ‘voie sans issue’ ; ‘through traffic’ ( on roadsign) ‘autres directions’ ; through traffic uses the bypass pour contourner la ville on prend la rocade ;3 ( successful) to be through to the next round être sélectionné pour le deuxième tour ; ⇒ get, go ;C adv1 ( from one side to the other) the water went right through l'eau est passée à travers ; to let sb through laisser passer qn ; can you fit ou squeeze ou get through? est-ce que tu peux passer? ; ⇒ pass ;2 ( completely) wet ou soaked through [coat, cloth] trempé ; [person] trempé jusqu'aux os ; mouldy right through complètement pourri ; cooked right through bien cuit ;3 ( from beginning to end) to read/play sth right through lire/jouer qch jusqu'au bout ; I'm halfway through the article j'ai lu la moitié de l'article ; ⇒ carry, get, go, run, see ;4 Telecom you're through je vous passe votre correspondant ; you're through to Ms Wilkins je vous passe Madame Wilkins ; ⇒ get, go, put.D through and through adv phr to know sth through and through connaître qch comme sa poche [area, city] ; I know him through and through je le connais comme si je l'avais fait ○ ; rotten through and through pourri jusqu'à l'os ; English through and through anglais jusqu'au bout des ongles ; selfish through and through d'un égoïsme foncier.to have been through a lot en avoir vu des vertes et des pas mûres ○ ; you really put her through it tu lui en as vraiment fait voir de toutes les couleurs ○ ; ⇒ hell. -
82 Usage note : as
When as is used as a preposition or a conjunction to mean like it is translatedby comme:dressed as a sailor= habillé comme un marinas usual= comme d’habitudeas often happens= comme c’est souvent le casas she was coming down the stairs= comme elle descendait l’escalierHowever, where a gradual process is involved, as is translated by au fur et à mesure que:as the day went on, he became more anxious= au fur et à mesure que la journée avançait il devenait plus inquietas he is ill, he can’t go out= comme il est malade or puisqu’il est malade, il ne peut pas sortirWhen used as an adverb in comparisons, as…as is translated by aussi…que:he is as intelligent as his brother= il est aussi intelligent que son frèreBut see category J in the entry as for as muchas and as many as.Note also the standard translation used for fixed similes:as strong as an ox= fort comme un bœufas rich as Croesus= riche comme CrésusSuch similes often have a cultural equivalent rather than a direct translation. To find translations for English similes, consult the entry for the second element.When as is used as a preposition to indicate a person’s profession or position, it is translated by comme:he works as an engineer= il travaille comme ingénieurNote that the article a/an is not translated.When as is used with a preposition to mean in my/his capacity as, it is translated by en tant que:as a teacher I believe that…= en tant qu’enseignant je crois que… -
83 Usage note : it
When it is used as a subject pronoun to refer to a specific object (or animal) il or elle is used in French according to the gender of the object referred to:‘where is the book/chair?’ ‘it’s in the kitchen’= ‘où est le livre/la chaise?’ ‘il/elle est dans la cuisine’‘do you like my skirt?’ ‘it’s lovely’= ‘est-ce que tu aimes ma jupe?’ ‘elle est très jolie’However, if the object referred to is named in the same sentence, it is translated by ce (c’ before a vowel):it’s a good film= c’est un bon filmWhen it is used as an object pronoun it is translated by le or la (l’ before a vowel) according to the gender of the object referred to:it’s my book/my chair and I want it= c’est mon livre/ma chaise et je le/la veuxNote that the object pronoun normally comes before the verb in French and that in compound tenses like the perfect and the past perfect, the past participle agrees with it:I liked his shirt - did you notice it?= j’ai aimé sa chemise - est-ce que tu l’as remarquée? or l’as-tu remarquée?In imperatives only, the pronoun comes after the verb:it’s my book - give it to me= c’est mon livre - donne-le-moi (note the hyphens)When it is used vaguely or impersonally followed by an adjective the translation is ce (c’ before a vowel):it’s difficult= c’est difficileit’s sad= c’est tristeBut when it is used impersonally followed by an adjective + verb the translation is il:it’s difficult to understand how…= il est difficile de comprendre comment …If in doubt consult the entry for the adjective in question.For translations for impersonal verb uses (it’s raining, it’s snowing) consult the entry for the verb in question.it is used in expressions of days of the week (it’s Friday) and clock time (it’s 5 o’clock). This dictionary contains usage notes on these and many other topics. For other impersonal and idiomatic uses see the entry it.When it is used after a preposition in English the two words (prep + it) are often translated by one word in French. If the preposition would normally be translated by de in French (e.g. of, about, from etc.) the prep + it = en:I’ve heard about it= j’en ai entendu parlerIf the preposition would normally be translated by à in French (e.g. to, in, at etc.) the prep + it = y:they went to it= ils y sont allésFor translations of it following prepositions not normally translated by de or à (e.g. above, under, over etc.) consult the entry for the preposition. -
84 гнездовая контакт-деталь
- contact femelle, m
- alvéole
гнездовая контакт-деталь
Контакт-деталь, предназначенная для ввода штыревой контакт-детали и электрического контактирования с ней по своей внутренней поверхности
[ ГОСТ 14312-79]
гнездовой контакт
-
[IEV number 151-12-17]EN
socket contact
female contact
contact member intended to make electric engagement on its inner surface for mating with the outer surface of another contact member
NOTE – In English, the term "socket contact" does not imply that socket contacts are always mounted in a socket nor that sockets have only socket contacts.
Source: 581-02-07 MOD, 151-12-20
[IEV number 151-12-17]FR
contact femelle, m
élément de contact destiné à établir la liaison électrique sur ses faces intérieures en s'accouplant avec les faces extérieures d'un autre élément de contact
NOTE – L’emploi en anglais du terme "socket contact" n’implique pas qu’un contact femelle est toujours monté dans un socle, ni que les socles ne comportent que des contacts femelles.
Source: 581-02-07 MOD, 151-12-20
[IEV number 151-12-17]
Рис. Tyco Electronics1 - Гнездовая контакт-деталь (гнездовой контакт)
2 - Штыревая контакт-деталь (штыревой контакт)Параллельные тексты EN-RU
Under the CEE/IEC system, pins and sleeves must be differently spaced in devices with different numbers of poles, and the earthing pin and earthing sleeve are larger than the other pins and sleeves.
[ABB]В соответствии с требованиями CEE/МЭК расположение штыревых и гнездовых контактов в соединителях с разным числом полюсов не должно быть одинаковым. Кроме того, размеры заземляющего штыря и гнезда должны быть больше размеров остальных штырей и гнезд.
[Перевод Интент]Недопустимые, нерекомендуемые
Тематики
Обобщающие термины
Синонимы
EN
- contact sleeve
- female contact
- module female contact
- module socket contact
- receptacle contact
- sleeve
- socket contact
DE
FR
- alvéole
- contact femelle, m
Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > гнездовая контакт-деталь
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85 home
home [həʊm]1. nouna. ( = place to live) maison f• to have a home of one's own avoir sa propre maison (or son propre appartement)• Warwick is home to some 550 international students Warwick accueille quelque 550 étudiants étrangers• to give sb/an animal a home recueillir qn/un animal chez soi• it's a home from home or away from home (British, US) c'est mon second chez-moi (or son second chez-soi etc)• "good home wanted for kitten" « cherche foyer accueillant pour chaton »• let's concentrate on problems closer to home occupons-nous de problèmes qui nous concernent plus directement• is Paul at home? est-ce que Paul est à la maison ?• to make o.s. at home se mettre à l'aise• make yourself at home! faites comme chez vous !• what's that when it's at home? (inf) qu'est-ce que c'est que ça ?• the Russians, at home and abroad les Russes, chez eux et à l'étranger2. adverba. chez soi (or lui or moi etc), à la maison• to be home and dry or home free (US) être arrivé au bout de ses peines• to hammer sth home ( = make a point) bien faire comprendre qch3. adjective4. compounds► home address noun (on forms) domicile m (permanent) ; (as opposed to business address) adresse f personnelle• to be on home ground être sur son terrain ► home-grown adjective ( = not foreign) du pays ; ( = from own garden) du jardin• to hit a home run réussir un coup de circuit ; (US figurative) réussir un beau coup ► Home Secretary noun (British) ≈ ministre mf de l'Intérieur► home shopping noun (by post, telephone) achat par correspondance ou par téléphone ; (by computer, television) téléachat m• to be in the home straight être dans la dernière ligne droite ► home team noun équipe f qui reçoit• my home town ( = place of birth) ma ville natale ; ( = where I grew up) la ville où j'ai grandi ► home truth noun• I'll tell him a few home truths je vais lui dire ses quatre vérités ► home video noun vidéo f amateur► home in on, home on to inseparable transitive verb[missile] ( = move towards) se diriger sur ; ( = reach) atteindre* * *[həʊm] 1.I've made my home in France — je suis installé or je vis en France
2) ( for residential care) maison f3) ( family base) foyer m‘good home wanted’ — ‘cherche foyer accueillant’
4) ( country) pays m5) ( source)2.home of — [country, area] pays m de [speciality]
noun modifier1) ( family) [ life] de famille; [ background] familial; [ comforts] du foyer3.1) [come, go, arrive] ( to house) à la maison, chez soi; ( to country) dans son payson the way home — en rentrant chez moi/nous etc; (by boat, plane) pendant le voyage de retour
to be home — ( around) être à la maison; ( from work) être rentré
2) ( to required effect)to bring something home to — fig faire voir quelque chose à
4.to strike home — fig toucher juste
at home adverbial phrase1) ( in house) à la maison2) Sport ( on own ground) [play] à domicile3) fig ( comfortable) à l'aise•Phrasal Verbs:••it's home from home GB —
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86 language
language [ˈlæŋgwɪdʒ]1. nouna. ( = particular tongue) langue fb. ( = ability to talk) langage mc. ( = specialized terminology) langage m• scientific/legal language langage m scientifique/juridiqued. ( = individual's manner of expression) langage m• (watch your) language! (inf) surveille ton langage !2. compounds[degree, studies, textbooks] de langue ; [department] de langues ; [students] en langues ; [ability] à s'exprimer━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━✎ The English word contains a u whereas the French word langage does not.* * *['læŋgwɪdʒ]formal/legal language — langage formel/juridique
bad ou strong ou foul language — langage grossier
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87 principle
principle [ˈprɪnsəpl]principe m━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━* * *['prɪnsəpl]noun ( all contexts) principe m -
88 as
[æz] 1. conjunction1) (when; while: I met John as I was coming home; We'll be able to talk as we go.) tandis que; comme; en2) (because: As I am leaving tomorrow, I've bought you a present.) comme3) (in the same way that: If you are not sure how to behave, do as I do.) comme4) (used to introduce a statement of what the speaker knows or believes to be the case: As you know, I'll be leaving tomorrow.) comme5) (though: Old as I am, I can still fight; Much as I want to, I cannot go.) malgré (que)6) (used to refer to something which has already been stated and apply it to another person: Tom is English, as are Dick and Harry.) ainsi que2. adverb(used in comparisons, eg the first as in the following example: The bread was as hard as a brick.) aussi (que)3. preposition1) (used in comparisons, eg the second as in the following example: The bread was as hard as a brick.) que2) (like: He was dressed as a woman.) en3) (with certain verbs eg regard, treat, describe, accept: I am regarded by some people as a bit of a fool; He treats the children as adults.) comme4) (in the position of: He is greatly respected both as a person and as a politician.) en tant que•- as for- as if / as though - as to -
89 good
[ɡud] 1. comparative - better; adjective1) (well-behaved; not causing trouble etc: Be good!; She's a good baby.) sage2) (correct, desirable etc: She was a good wife; good manners; good English.) bon, dévoué3) (of high quality: good food/literature; His singing is very good.) bon4) (skilful; able to do something well: a good doctor; good at tennis; good with children.) compétent5) (kind: You've been very good to him; a good father.) bon6) (helpful; beneficial: Exercise is good for you.; Cheese is good for you.) bon7) (pleased, happy etc: I'm in a good mood today.) bien8) (pleasant; enjoyable: to read a good book; Ice-cream is good to eat.) bon9) (considerable; enough: a good salary; She talked a good deal of nonsense.) bon, grand10) (suitable: a good man for the job.) qualifié11) (sound, fit: good health; good eyesight; a car in good condition.) bon12) (sensible: Can you think of one good reason for doing that?) bon13) (showing approval: We've had very good reports about you.) bon14) (thorough: a good clean.) bon15) (healthy or in a positive mood: I don't feel very good this morning.) bien2. noun1) (advantage or benefit: He worked for the good of the poor; for your own good; What's the good of a broken-down car?) bien, avantage2) (goodness: I always try to see the good in people.) bien3. interjection(an expression of approval, gladness etc.) bien! bon!- goodness4. interjection((also my goodness) an expression of surprise etc.) mon Dieu!- goods- goody - goodbye - good-day - good evening - good-for-nothing - good humour - good-humoured - good-humouredly - good-looking - good morning - good afternoon - good-day - good evening - good night - good-natured - goodwill - good will - good works - as good as - be as good as one's word - be up to no good - deliver the goods - for good - for goodness' sake - good for - good for you - him - Good Friday - good gracious - good heavens - goodness gracious - goodness me - good old - make good - no good - put in a good word for - take something in good part - take in good part - thank goodness - to the good -
90 infinitive
[in'finətiv](the part of the verb used in English with or without to, that expresses an action but has no subject: The sentence `You need not stay if you want to go' contains two infinitives, stay and go.) infinitif -
91 specifically
adverb I specifically told you not to do that; This dictionary is intended specifically for learners of English.) expressément -
92 Age
Note that where English says to be X years old, French says avoir X ans (to have X years).How old?how old are you?= quel âge as-tu?what age is she?= quel âge a-t-elle?The word ans (years) is never dropped:he is forty years oldor he is forty= il a quarante ansshe’s eighty= elle a quatre-vingts ansthe house is a hundred years old= la maison a cent ansa man of fifty= un homme de cinquante ansa child of eight and a half= un enfant de huit ans et demiI feel sixteen= j’ai l’impression d’avoir seize anshe looks sixteen= on lui donnerait seize ansNote the use of de after âgé and à l’âge:a woman aged thirty= une femme âgée de trente ansat the age of forty= à l’âge de quarante ansMrs Smith, aged forty= Mme Smith, âgée de quarante ansDo not confuse que and de used with plus and moins:I’m older than you= je suis plus âgé que toishe’s younger than him= elle est plus jeune que luiAnne’s two years younger= Anne a deux ans de moinsMargot’s older than Suzanne by five years= Margot a cinq ans de plus que SuzanneRobert’s younger than Thomas by six years= Robert a six ans de moins que ThomasX-year-olda forty-year-old= quelqu’un de quarante ansa sixty-year-old woman= une femme de soixante ansan eighty-year-old pensioner= un retraité de quatre-vingts ansthey’ve got an eight-year-old= ils ont un enfant de huit ansand a five-year-old= et un autre de cinq ansNote the various ways of saying these in French:he is about fifty= il a environ cinquante ansor il a une cinquantaine d’annéesor (less formally) il a dans les cinquante ans(Other round numbers in -aine used to express age are dizaine (10), vingtaine (20), trentaine (30), quarantaine (40), soixantaine (60) and centaine (100).)she’s just over sixty= elle vient d’avoir soixante ansshe’s just under seventy= elle aura bientôt soixante-dix ansshe’s in her sixties= elle a entre soixante et soixante-dix ansshe’s in her early sixties= elle a entre soixante et soixante-cinq ansshe’s in her late sixties= elle va avoir soixante-dix ansor (less formally) elle va sur ses soixante-dix ansshe must be seventy= elle doit avoir soixante-dix anshe’s in his mid forties= il a entre quarante et cinquante ansor (less formally) il a dans les quarante-cinq anshe’s just ten= il a tout juste dix anshe’s barely twelve= il a à peine douze ansgames for the under twelves= jeux pour les moins de douze ansonly for the over eighties= seulement pour les plus de quatre-vingts ans -
93 Oceans and seas
Note that the words océan and mer do not have capitals in French.the Atlantic Ocean= l’océan Atlantiquethe Pacific Ocean= l’océan Pacifiquethe Indian Ocean= l’océan Indienthe Caspian Sea= la mer Caspiennethe Baltic Sea= la mer BaltiqueAs in English, French often drops the words océan or mer. When this happens, oceans have masculine gender (from the masculine word océan) and seas have feminine gender (from the feminine mer):the Pacific= le Pacifiquethe Baltic= la Baltiquebutthe Aegean= la mer ÉgéeIf in doubt, look up the name in the dictionary.Use with other nounsHere are some useful patterns, using Pacifique as a typical name:the Pacific coast= la côte du Pacifiquea Pacific crossing= une traversée du Pacifiquea Pacific cruise= une croisière dans le PacifiquePacific currents= les courants du PacifiquePacific fish= les poissons du Pacifiquethe Pacific islands= les îles du Pacifique -
94 Usage note : go
go as a simple intransitive verb is translated by aller:we’re going to Paris= nous allons à Pariswhere are you going?= où vas-tu?Sasha went to London last week= Sasha est allée à Londres la semaine dernièreNote that aller conjugates with être in compound tenses. For the conjugation of aller see the French verb tables. For more examples and particular usages see the entry go. The verb go produces a great many phrasal verbs in English (go up, go down, go out, go back etc.). Many of these are translated by a single verb in French (monter, descendre, sortir, retourner etc.). The phrasal verbs are listed separately at the end of the entry go.As an auxiliary verbWhen go is used as an auxiliary to show intention, it is also translated by aller:I’m going to buy a car tomorrow= je vais acheter une voiture demainI was going to talk to you about it= j’allais t’en parlerhe’s not going to ask for a rise= il ne va pas demander d’augmentationFor more examples and particular usages see A23 in the entry go.For all other uses see the entry go. -
95 anticipate
anticipate [æn'tɪsɪ‚peɪt](a) (think likely) prévoir, s'attendre à;∎ they anticipate meeting some opposition, they anticipate that they will meet some opposition ils s'attendent à rencontrer une certaine opposition;∎ we had anticipated a price increase nous nous attendions à ou nous avions prévu une hausse des prix;∎ I didn't anticipate leaving so early je ne m'attendais pas à ce qu'on parte si tôt;∎ we don't anticipate any objections nous n'envisageons pas d'objections;∎ we do not anticipate any delays aucun retard n'est prévu;∎ do you anticipate visiting her? pensez-vous lui rendre visite?;∎ faster than anticipated plus vite que prévu;∎ as anticipated comme prévu(b) (be prepared for → attack, decision, event) anticiper, anticiper sur; (→ needs, wishes) devancer, prévenir, aller au devant de;∎ we anticipated our competitors by launching our product first nous avons devancé la concurrence en lançant notre produit les premiers;∎ he anticipated the fall in price and sold early il a anticipé la baisse des prix et a vendu avant∎ her writing anticipated later developments in English fiction son style annonçait ou préfigurait les développements futurs de la fiction anglaise(d) (act on prematurely → effect, success) escompter; Finance (→ profit, salary) anticiper sur; (→ happiness) anticiper, savourer d'avance; (→ pain) anticiper, éprouver d'avance(f) (mention prematurely) anticiper, anticiper sur;∎ don't anticipate the end of the story n'anticipez pas la fin de l'histoireanticiper;∎ just wait and see, don't anticipate attends de voir, n'anticipe pas;∎ do you think you'll get married? - I think you're anticipating a bit penses-tu que tu vas te marier? - je crois que tu vas un peu vite►► Finance anticipated profit profit m espéré -
96 first
first [fɜ:st]premier ⇒ 1 (a), 1 (c) tout de suite ⇒ 1 (b) le premier ⇒ 2 (a), 3 d'abord ⇒ 2 (b) pour la première fois ⇒ 2 (c) première ⇒ 3 (b), 3 (f)(a) (in series) premier;∎ the first few days les deux ou trois premiers jours;∎ the first six months les six premiers mois;∎ Louis the First Louis Premier ou Ier;∎ one hundred and first cent unième;∎ to be first in the queue être le (la) premier(ère) de la queue;∎ I'm first je suis ou c'est moi le premier;∎ she was first in English Literature elle était première en littérature anglaise;∎ she's in first place (in race) elle est en tête;∎ to win first prize gagner le premier prix;∎ this is the first time I've been to New York c'est la première fois que je viens à New York;∎ Cars first gear première f (vitesse f);∎ put the car into first gear passe la première (vitesse);∎ British first year University première année f; School sixième f;∎ British a first-year university student un étudiant de première année à l'université;∎ I learnt of it at first hand je l'ai appris de la bouche de l'intéressé/l'intéressée, c'est lui-même/elle-même qui me l'a appris;∎ I learned of her resignation at first hand c'est elle-même qui m'a appris sa démission;∎ I haven't (got) the first idea je n'en ai pas la moindre idée;∎ I don't know the first thing about cars je n'y connais absolument rien en voitures;∎ I'll pick you up first thing (in the morning) je passerai te chercher demain matin à la première heure;∎ I'm not at my best first thing in the morning je ne suis pas au mieux de ma forme très tôt le matin;∎ there's a first time for everything il y a un début à tout;∎ to be the first person to do sth être le (la) premier(ère) à faire qch(b) (immediately) tout de suite;∎ first thing after lunch tout de suite après le déjeuner;∎ literary she's past her first youth elle n'est plus de la première jeunesse(c) (most important → duty, concern) premier;∎ the first priority la priorité des priorités;∎ to put first things first commencer par le commencement;∎ first things first! prenons les choses dans l'ordre!;∎ to go back to first principles repartir sur des bases saines2 adverb(a) (before the others → arrive, leave, speak) le (la) premier(ère), en premier;∎ I saw it first! c'est moi qui l'ai vu le (la) premier(ère) ou en premier!;∎ you go first vas-y en premier;∎ ladies first les dames d'abord;∎ women and children first les femmes et les enfants d'abord;∎ Administration last in, first out dernier entré, premier sorti;∎ her career comes first sa carrière passe d'abord ou avant tout;∎ I've never come first with you, have I? tu ne m'as jamais fait passer avant le reste, n'est-ce pas?;∎ to put one's family first faire passer sa famille d'abord ou avant tout;∎ proverb first come first served les premiers arrivés sont les premiers servis;∎ tickets were handed out on a first come first served basis les billets ont été distribués par ordre d'arrivée(b) (firstly, before anything else) d'abord;∎ first, I want to say thank you tout d'abord, je voudrais vous remercier, je voudrais d'abord vous remercier;∎ first prepare the meat préparez d'abord la viande;∎ I need to go to the lavatory first il faut d'abord que j'aille aux toilettes;∎ what should I do first? qu'est-ce que je dois faire en premier?;∎ first hear the arguments, then make up your mind écoutez d'abord les arguments, ensuite vous vous déciderez;∎ she says first one thing then another elle dit d'abord une chose, et puis une autre;∎ I'm a mother first and a wife second je suis une mère avant d'être une épouse∎ we first met in London nous nous sommes rencontrés à Londres;∎ when I first knew him quand je l'ai connu(d) (sooner, rather)∎ I'd die first plutôt mourir;∎ familiar I'll see him damned first or in hell first j'aimerais bien voir ça3 noun∎ the first le (la) premier(ère);∎ he was among the first to realise il a été parmi les premiers à s'en rendre compte;∎ we were the very first to arrive nous sommes arrivés les tout premiers;∎ she was the first in our family to go to university c'était la première de la famille à aller à l'université;∎ he came in an easy first (in race) il est arrivé premier haut la main(b) (achievement) première f;∎ that's a notable first for France c'est une grande première pour la France∎ the first we heard/knew of it was when... nous en avons entendu parler pour la première fois/l'avons appris quand...;∎ it's the first I've heard of it! première nouvelle!∎ the first of May/the month le premier mai/du mois∎ he got a first in economics ≃ il a eu mention très bien en économie;∎ she got a double first in French and Russian ≃ elle a eu mention très bien en français et en russe∎ in first en première;∎ to put the car into first se mettre en première, passer la première∎ first of exchange première f de changeau débutd'abord et surtoutavant touttout d'abord, pour commencerfamiliar pour commencer□du début à la findès le débutd'abord;∎ apply in the first instance to the personnel department adressez d'abord votre demande au service du personnel(a) (referring to a past action) d'abord;∎ why did you do it in the first place? et puis d'abord, pourquoi as-tu fait cela?;∎ I don't understand why he married her in the first place d'abord, je ne comprends pas ce qui a bien pu le pousser à se marier avec elle(b) (introducing an argument) d'abord;∎ in the first place... and in the second place d'abord... et ensuite►► first aid1 noun(UNCOUNT) (technique) secourisme m; (attention) premiers soins mpl;∎ does anyone know any first aid? quelqu'un s'y connaît-il en secourisme?;∎ to give/to receive first aid donner/recevoir les premiers soins(class, manual) de secourisme;first aid box trousse f à pharmacie;first aid certificate brevet m de secourisme;first aid kit trousse f à pharmacie;British first aid post, first aid station poste m de secours;American the First Amendment le premier amendement (de la Constitution des États-Unis garantissant les libertés individuelles du citoyen américain, notamment la liberté d'expression);first cousin cousin(e) m,f germain(e);British first eleven (in soccer, cricket) = les onze meilleurs joueurs sélectionnés pour former l'équipe la plus forte dans un club;American the First Family (presidential family) la famille présidentielle; (in a State) la famille du gouverneur;Sport first half première mi-temps f;First Lady (in US) = femme du président des États-Unis;∎ figurative the first lady of rock/of the detective novel la grande dame du rock/du roman policier;first language langue f maternelle;first love premier amour m;Nautical first mate second m;Politics First Minister (of Scottish Parliament) Premier ministre m;first name prénom m;∎ to be on first name terms with sb appeler qn par son prénom;Theatre first night première f;Law first offender délinquant(e) m,f primaire;Nautical first officer second m;Theatre first performance première f;Grammar first person première personne f;∎ in the first person à la première personne;first principle principe m fondamental ou de base;Finance first quarter (of financial year) premier trimestre m;first refusal préférence f;∎ to give sb first refusal on sth donner la préférence à qn pour qch;∎ I promised Nadine first refusal j'ai promis à Nadine que je lui donnerais la préférence;Cinema first showing première exclusivité f;American the First State = surnom donné au Delaware;Sport first string les meilleurs joueurs mpl (d'une équipe);Sport first team (équipe f) première f;Music first violin (person, instrument) premier violon m;the First World les pays mpl industrialisés;the First World War la Première Guerre mondiale -
97 knowledge
knowledge ['nɒlɪdʒ]∎ she has a good knowledge of English elle a une bonne connaissance de l'anglais;∎ he has a basic knowledge of computing il a un minimum de connaissances en informatique;∎ to have a thorough knowledge of sth connaître qch à fond;∎ proverb knowledge is power savoir c'est pouvoir(b) (awareness) connaissance f;∎ I have no knowledge of what happened je ne sais absolument rien de ou j'ignore totalement ce qui s'est passé;∎ it has come to my knowledge that... j'ai appris que...;∎ he brought the theft to my knowledge il a porté le vol à ma connaissance, il m'a fait part du vol;∎ to (the best of) my knowledge (pour) autant que je sache, à ma connaissance;∎ not to my knowledge pas que je sache;∎ without my knowledge à mon insu, sans que je le sache;∎ it's (a matter of) common knowledge c'est de notoriété publique, personne ne l'ignore►► Computing knowledge base base f de connaissances;Computing knowledge engineer cogniticien(enne) m,f
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