tantalus

prō-gnātus, a, um, Part. [gnatus, natus, from nascor], born, descended, sprung from some one; of children or descendants.

Lit.: CORNELIVS LVCIVS SCIPIO BARBATVS GNAIVOD PATRE PROGNATVS, first Epitaph of the Scipios; SO, PROGNATVM PVBLIO, ninth Epitaph of the Scipios: corpore Tartarino (i. e. Chao) prognata Paluda virago (i. e. Minerva, Aër), Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 37 Müll. (Ann. v. 510 Vahl.):

Sosiam Davo prognatum patre,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 209:

a meo patre prognatus,

id. Men. 5, 9, 20:

bonis prognatam,

Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 65; Hor. S. 1, 6, 78; 1, 2, 70:

Romulus deo prognatus,

Liv. 1, 40.—As subst.: prōgnātus, i, m., a child, descendant (ante-class.):

parentes, Patria et prognati,

children, Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 20:

Herculei prognati,

the descendants of Hercules, Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 46; cf.:

Tantalo prognatus, Pelope natus,

i. e. Atreus, grandson of Tantalus, Cic. Tusc. 3, 12, 26:

ex Cimbris Teutonisque prognati,

Caes. B. G. 2, 29:

Galli ab Dite patre prognati,

id. ib. 6, 18: Venere, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 15, 2:

Delphis prognatus Pythius Apollo,

Naev. Bell. Punic. 2, 20:

quali genere prognatus?

Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 35:

Castor gaudet equis, ovo prognatus eodem Pugnis,

Hor. S. 2, 1, 26.—

Transf., of plants, sprung or grown forth:

Peliaco quondam prognatae vertice pinus,

Cat. 64, 1:

harundines in palude prognatae,

Plin. 9, 16, 23, § 56.

saxum (in inscrr. also SAKSVM; from collat. form saxus;

a vocative SAXE,

Inscr. Orell. 2982), i, n. [root sak-; Sanscr. ska; cf. secare], any large, rough stone; a detached fragment of rock; a rock (in gen.; whereas rupes is a steep rock, crag, cliff).

In gen., Lucr. 4, 266 sq.; cf. id. 1, 882:

non est e saxo sculptus,

Cic. Ac. 2, 31, 100: pars ludicre saxa Jactant, inter se licitantur, Enn. ap. Non. 134, 13 (Ann. v. 76 Vahl.):

(Sisyphum) adverso nixantem trudere monte Saxum, etc.,

Lucr. 3, 1001:

miser impendens magnum timet aëre saxum Tantalus,

id. 3, 980: saxo cere comminuit brum, Enn. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 1, 412 (Ann. v. 586 Vahl.); cf.:

si glebis aut saxis aut fustibus aliquem de fundo praecipitem egeris,

Cic. Caecin.21,60:

magni ponderis saxa, in muro collocare,

Caes. B. G. 2, 29; cf. id. ib. 7, 22 fin.; 7, 23; 7, 46: (Thyestes) summis saxis fixus asperis, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 107 (Trag. v. 413 Vahl.); cf.:

aspicite religatum asperis Vinctumque saxis (Prometheum), Cic. poët. Tusc. 2, 10, 23: speluncas saxis pendentibu' structas,

Lucr. 6, 195; cf.

, of the cave of Cacus: jam primum saxis suspensam hanc aspice rupem,

Verg. A. 8, 190:

tot congesta manu praeruptis oppida saxis,

id. G. 2, 156:

inter saxa rupesque,

Liv. 21, 40: saxa spargens tabo, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 107 (Trag. v. 414 Vahl.):

vesco sale saxa peresa,

Lucr. 1, 326:

nec turbida ponti Aequora fligebant naves ad saxa,

id. 5, 1001:

si ad saxum quo capessit,

Plaut. Rud. 1, 2, 89 et saep.:

lapis non saxum est,

Plin. 36, 22, 49, § 169.—In apposition:

in saxis silicibus uberiores aquae sunt,

in limestone rocks, Vitr. 8, 1.—

Prov.

Saxum volvere, i. e. to strive or endeavor in vain (alluding to the stone of Sisyphus):

satis diu hoc jam saxum volvo,

Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 55.—

Inter sacrum saxumque stare; v. sacrum, A. 2. b.—

In partic.

For Saxum Tarpejum (cf. Fest. p. 343 Müll. and v. Tarpejus, II.), the Tarpeian Rock:

horribilis de saxo jactus,

Lucr. 3, 1016; Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 31; Cic. Att. 14, 16, 2; Hor. S. 1, 6, 39; Tac. A. 2, 32; 4, 29; Dig. 48, 19, 25; v. Tarpeius.—

Saxum sacrum, the sacred rock on the Aventine, at which Remus consulted the auspices, Cic. Dom. 53, 136;

called saxum alone,

Ov. F. 5, 150.—

A superior kind of Cimolian chalk (creta Cimolia), Plin. 35, 17, 57, § 196.—

Saxa Rubra; v. ruber, II. B.—

Transf.

Plur.: saxa, stony ground, rocky places:

mitis in apricis coquitur vindemia saxis,

Verg. G. 2, 522:

Ligurum,

Mart. 3, 82, 22.—

A stone wall:

Romulus saxo lucum circumdedit alto,

Ov. F. 3, 431.—

The strong foundation of a building:

Capitolium quadrato saxo substructum,

Liv. 6, 4, 12.

sĭtĭo, īvi or ĭi, 4, v. n. and a. [sitis].

Neutr., to thirst, be thirsty (class.).

Lit.:

ego esurio et sitio,

Plaut. Cas. 3, 6, 6; 4, 3, 4:

sitit haec anus,

id. Curc. 1, 2, 14:

in medio sitit flumine potans,

Lucr. 4, 1100:

ne homines sitirent,

Suet. Aug. 42.—With gen.:

cochleae cum sitiunt aëris,

Symm. Ep. 1, 27.—Prov.:

sitire mediis in undis,

i. e. to be poor in the midst of wealth, Ov. M. 9, 760.—

Transf. (esp. in the lang. of country people), of things (the earth, plants, etc.), to be dried up or parched, to want moisture:

siquidem est eorum (rusticorum) gemmare vites, sitire agros, laetas esse segetes, etc.,

Cic. Or. 24, 81; cf.:

sitire segetes,

Quint. 8, 6, 6: tosta sitit tellus, Ov. [p. 1713] F. 4, 940:

colles,

Front. Aquaed. 87; cf. infra, P. a.: aret ager;

vitio moriens sitit aëris herba,

Verg. E. 7, 57:

cum sitiunt herbae,

id. G. 4, 402:

arbores,

Plin. 17, 26, 40, § 249:

cacumina oleae,

id. 17, 14, 24, § 103 et saep.:

ipsi fontes jam sitiunt,

Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 4, § 11:

nec pati sitire salgama,

to be dry, Col. 12, 9, 2.—

Act., to thirst after a thing (rare, but in the trop. signif. class.; cf.: cupio, desidero).

Lit.:

auriferum Tagum sitiam patriumque Salonem,

Mart. 10, 96, 3.— Pass.:

quo plus sunt potae, plus sitiuntur aquae,

are thirsted for, Ov. F. 1, 216:

umor quomodo sititur destillans,

Plin. 17, 2, 2, § 15.—

Trop., as in all langg., to long for, thirst for, desire eagerly, covet:

sanguinem nostrum sitiebat,

Cic. Phil. 2, 7, 20; cf. Plin. 14, 22, 28, § 148:

sanguinem,

Just. 1, 8 fin. (opp. satiare); Sen. Thyest. 103: cruorem, Poët. ap. Suet. Tib. 59; cf.:

sitit hasta cruores,

Stat. Th. 12, 595:

honores,

Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 5, 3:

populus libertatem sitiens,

id. Rep. 1, 43, 66:

ultionem,

Val. Max. 7, 3 ext. 6; Vulg. Psa. 41, 3.—With gen.:

non quidem fallacis undae sitit, sed verae beatitudinis esurit et sitit,

App. de Deo Socr. 54, 27.—Hence, sĭtĭens, entis, P. a., thirsting, thirsty, athirst.

Lit.:

ut ipse ad portam sitiens pervenerim,

Cic. Pis. 25, 61:

quae (pocula) arenti sitientes hausimus ore,

Ov. M. 14, 277:

Tantalus,

Hor. S. 1, 1, 68:

viator,

Ov. Am. 3, 6, 97:

saecla ferarum,

Lucr. 5, 947:

sitienti aqua datur,

Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 23.—

Transf. (acc. to I. B.), of places, plants, etc., dry, parched, arid, without moisture (syn. aridus):

hortus,

Ov. P. 1, 8, 60.—By metonymy also, Afri, Verg. E. 1, 65:

olea,

Plin. 15, 3, 3, § 9:

luna,

i. e. cloudless, bright, id. 17, 9, 8, § 57; 17, 14, 24, § 112:

Canicula,

arid, parching, Ov. A. A. 2, 231.— Neutr. plur. absol.:

lonchitis nascitur in sitientibus,

in dry, arid places, Plin. 25, 11, 88, § 137; so,

in sitientibus aut siccis asperis,

id. 12, 28, 61, § 132.—With gen.:

sitientia Africae,

Plin. 10, 73, 94, § 201.—

Trop., thirsting for, desiring eagerly, greedy:

gravius ardentiusque sitiens,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 6, 16:

(amator) avidus sitiensque,

Ov. R. Am. 247:

regna Ditis, Petr. poët. 121, 116: aures,

Cic. Att. 2, 14, 1.— Poet.:

modice sitiens lagena,

of moderate capacity, Pers. 3, 92.—With gen.:

virtutis,

Cic. Planc. 5, 13:

famae,

Sil. 3, 578:

pecuniae (with avarus et avidus),

Gell. 12, 2, 13:

sermonis,

Claud. Cons. Mall. Theod. 251.—Hence, adv.: sĭtĭenter, thirstily, eagerly, greedily (acc. to B.):

sitienter quid expetens,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 17, 37; so,

incumbere hauriendis voluptatibus,

Lact. 2, 1, 3:

haurire salutares illas aquas,

App. M. 9, p. 218 fin.; 3, p. 135, 35.

tĭmĕo, ŭi, 2, v. a. and n. [root tam-; Sanscr. tam-yati, to be stupefied; tamas, darkness; cf. temulentus], to fear, be afraid of, to dread, apprehend; to be afraid or in fear, to be fearful, apprehensive, or anxious; constr. with acc., rel.-clause, inf., ne or ut, and absol.

With acc. (class.;

syn.: vereor, metuo, paveo): quamquam omnia sunt metuenda, nihil magis quam perfidiam timemus,

Cic. Fam. 1, 5, a, 2:

timeo meos,

Plaut. Truc. 5, 63; cf.:

quos aliquamdiu inermes timuissent,

Caes. B. G. 1, 40:

oppidanos,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 27:

saxum Tantalus,

Lucr. 3, 981 sq.:

portus omnes,

Caes. B. C. 3, 6:

reliquos casus,

id. ib. 3, 10:

nomen atque imperium absentis,

id. ib. 1, 61:

numinis iram,

Ov. M. 6, 314:

flagitium pejus leto,

Hor. C. 4, 9, 50:

cuncta (amantes),

Ov. M. 7, 719:

aeternas poenas timendum'st,

Lucr. 1, 111.—In pass.:

morbos esse timendos,

Lucr. 3, 41; so, si ipse fulgor timeretur, Quint. 8, 3, 5:

si Cn. Pompeius timeretur,

id. 4, 2, 25. — Pregn., to have to fear, i. e. to be exposed to, contend against:

pro telis gerit quae timuit et quae fudit,

Sen. Herc. Fur. 40 sq.; 793:

feras,

id. Herc. Oet. 270. — With dat. of the object for which one fears something:

nostrae causae nihil nos timere,

Quint. 11, 1, 75:

patronum justitiae suae,

id. 4, 1, 9:

furem caulibus aut pomis,

Juv. 6, 17:

noxiam vini aegris,

Plin. 14, 16, 19, § 101. — With de:

de suo ac legionis periculo nihil timebat,

Caes. B. G. 5, 57:

nihil de bello,

id. ib. 3, 3:

de se nihil timere,

Cic. Sest. 1, 1. — With pro and abl.:

quid pro quoque timendum, aut a quoque timendum sit,

Cic. Ep. ad Brut. 1, 16, 2: pro amicis omnia timui, pro me nihil. Sen. Q. N. 4, praef. § 15. —

With rel.-clause (class.):

misera timeo, quid hoc sit negotii,

Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 79:

timeo, quid rerum gesserim,

id. Mil. 2, 4, 44:

quid possem, timebam,

Cic. Att. 12, 24, 1:

nunc istic quid agatur, magnopere timeo,

id. ib. 3, 8, 2;

jam nunc timeo, quidnam... pro exspectatione omnium eloqui possim,

id. Div. in Caecil. 13, 42:

misera timeo, incertum hoc quorsum accidat,

Ter. And. 1, 5, 29; cf.:

haec quo sint eruptura timeo,

Cic. Att. 2, 20, 5. — With dat.:

nunc nostrae timeo parti, quid hic respondeat,

Ter. And. 2, 5, 8. —

With inf. (freq. since the Aug. per.;

not in Cic.): Caesar etsi timebat tantae magnitudinis flumini exercitum obicere, etc.,

Caes. B. C. 1, 64:

equites cum intrare fumum et flammam densissimam timerent,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 16:

timebant prisci truncum findere,

Plin. 17, 14, 24, § 102:

nec jurare time,

Tib. 1, 4, 21; Hor. C. 1, 8, 8; 3, 24, 56; id. S. 1, 4, 23; id. Ep. 1, 5, 2; 1, 7, 4; 1, 19, 27; 2, 1, 114; id. A. P. 170; 197; Ov. M. 1, 593; 12, 246.— Rarely with acc. and inf.:

ni cedenti instaturum alterum timuissent,

Liv. 10, 36, 3.—

With ne or ut (class.):

metuo et timeo, ne hoc tandem propalam fiat,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 8, 38:

timeo, ne malefacta mea sint inventa omnia,

id. Truc. 4, 2, 61: haec timeo ne impediantur, D. Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 10, 4:

neque timerent, ne circumvenirentur,

Caes. B. G. 2, 26:

non times, ne locum perdas,

Quint. 6, 3, 63:

timuit, ne non succederet,

Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 37:

timere, ne non virtute hostium, sed lassitudine suā vincerentur,

Curt. 3, 17, 9:

timeo, ut sustineas,

Cic. Fam. 14, 2, 3:

ut satis commode supportari posset (res frumentaria), timere dicebant,

Caes. B. G. 1, 39. —

Absol. (freq. in prose and poetry):

fac, ego ne metuam igitur et ut tu meam timeas vicem,

Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 24:

salva est navis, ne time,

id. Merc. 1, 2, 64; so,

ne time,

id. Am. 2, 2, 42; 5, 1, 12; id. Cas. 4, 4, 13; id. Curc. 4, 2, 34:

timentibus ceteris propter ignorationem locorum,

Cic. Rep. 1, 17, 29; cf.:

timentes confirmat,

Caes. B. G. 7, 7:

cottidie aliquid fit lenius quam timebamus,

Cic. Fam. 6, 10, 5:

timere et admirari,

Quint. 9, 2, 26; 9, 2, 86.—With de:

de re publicā valde timeo,

Cic. Att. 7, 6, 2.—With ab:

a quo quidem genere ego numquam timui,

Cic. Sull. 20, 59. — With pro ( poet. and post-Aug.):

pro eo timebam,

Curt. 6, 10, 27:

timentem pro capite amicissimo,

Plin. Ep. 3, 17, 3:

quamvis pericliter, plus tamen pro te timeo,

Sen. Contr. 7, 20, 1:

indulgentia pro suis timentium,

id. ib. 9, 26, 2, B:

qui pro illo nimium timet,

id. Ep. 14, 1:

qui eget divitiis timet pro illis,

id. ib. 14, 18;

90, 43: pro Aristippi animā,

Gell. 19, 1, 10:

timuere dei pro vindice terrae,

Ov. M. 9, 241.—Pregn., with abl. ( poet.):

timuit exterrita pennis Ales,

expressed its fear, Verg. A. 5, 505. — Freq. with dat. of the object for which one fears:

tibi timui,

Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 20; cf.:

qui sibi timuerant,

Caes. B. C. 3, 27:

alicui,

Quint. 8, 5, 15; Verg. A. 2, 729; Hor. C. 3, 27, 7; id. S. 2, 1, 23:

suis rebus,

Caes. B. G. 4, 16:

huic loco,

id. ib. 7, 44:

receptui suo,

id. B. C. 3, 69:

urbi,

Hor. C. 3, 29, 26.— Impers. pass.:

urbi timetur,

Luc. 7, 138: Sen. Med. 885.—

Timens like timidus, with gen.:

mortis timentes,

Lucr. 6, 1239.