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81 осмотр
1) <engin.> examination
2) inspection
3) muster
4) survey
– выборочный осмотр
– ежегодный осмотр
– контрольный осмотр
– осмотр наружный
– осмотр с разборкой
– периодический осмотр
– предупредительный осмотр
осмотр перед обратным рейсом — turn-around inspection
осмотр самолета летчиком — walk-around inspection
осмотр технический контрольный — technical control, technical inspection
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82 OES
1) Общая лексика: поставщик комплексного оборудования (Original Equipment Supplier), запасные части для комплексного оборудования2) Компьютерная техника: Object Extension Specification3) Американизм: Occupational Employment Statistics4) Военный термин: officer evaluation system, Office of Emergency Service (US)5) Химия: Occupational Exposure Standard7) Оптика: optical emission spectroscopy8) Сокращение: Office of Economic Stabilization, Order of the Eastern Star, Optical Emission Spectrometers9) Фирменный знак: Old English Sheepdog Stamps10) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: offshore engineering survey11) ЕБРР: поставлено на борт судна в (named port of destination; указать порт назначения)12) Макаров: orbiter emergency site13) Собаководство: Old English Sheepdog14) Каспий: occupational exposure standards15) НАСА: Other Error Sources16) Программное обеспечение: Order Entry System, Outbound Email System -
83 WOS
1) Спорт: World Of Sport2) Военный термин: Wartime Operational State, woman officer school3) Техника: wireless operational system4) Религия: The War Of Souls5) Ветеринария: Washington Ornithological Society, Wilson Ornithological Society6) Сокращение: Retail Data Mart Window Operations Survey (2005, retail transaction data used to calculate required staffing levels)7) Вычислительная техника: workstation operating system8) Нефть: washover string, промывочная колонна (washover string)9) Фирменный знак: Western Office Systems10) Сетевые технологии: Wireless Optimization Service, wireless office system, операционная система рабочей станции, учрежденческая система радиосвязи11) NYSE. Wolseley PLC, American Depositary Receipts12) Программное обеспечение: Web Operation System -
84 офицер по контролю проверки ЛС
Military: personnel survey control officerУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > офицер по контролю проверки ЛС
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85 Prüfungsablauf
Prüfungsablauf m RW audit work schedule* * *m < Rechnung> audit work schedule* * *Prüfungsablauf
(Revision) audit procedure;
• Prüfungsabschnitt (Revision) period under audit;
• Prüfungsabteilung (Abnahme) inspection department, (Revision) auditing department (division);
• Prüfungsamt assay office, (Bundesrechnungshof) audit office;
• Prüfungsanweisung (Revision) audit instructions;
• [schriftliche] Prüfungsaufgabe [test (examination)] paper;
• Prüfungsaufgaben beantworten to answer the questions;
• Prüfungsaufgaben bekannt geben to give out the examination papers;
• Prüfungsauftrag (Abnahme) inspecting order, (Revision) auditing order (engagement);
• Prüfungsausschuss examination board, examining body, review board (US), screening jury (panel) (US), (Revision) auditing commission, Audit Committee;
• Prüfungsausschuss für Zollfragen tariff commission (US);
• Prüfungsbeamter (Abnahme) inspecting officer, test clerk, (Revisor) auditor, accountant, examiner;
• Prüfungsbedingungen testing conditions;
• Prüfungsbehörde examining board;
• Prüfungsbericht inspector’s (examination) report, (Revisor) auditor’s (audit) report, (Vermessungsbericht) survey;
• eingeschränkter Prüfungsbericht qualified certificate ([audit] report);
• Prüfungsbericht für die Börsenzulassungsstelle (unabhängiger Wirtschaftsprüfer) comfort letter (US);
• Prüfungsbescheinigung (Abnahme) inspection certificate, certificate of analysis (inspection), (Revision) accountant’s (audit) certificate;
• Prüfungsbogen (Revision) working papers;
• Prüfungsergebnis examination (test) result (score), findings;
• Prüfungsgang (Revision) audit routine;
• Prüfungsgebühr examination fee, (Abnahme) inspection fee, (Revision) audit (auditing) fees;
• Prüfungsgesellschaft auditing company, auditors;
• Prüfungsgremium examination board (authorities), examining body (board), board of examiners, review board (US);
• Prüfungsgrundsätze (Revision) principles of accounting;
• Prüfungshandlungen (Revision) features of audit;
• autonome Prüfungs- und Kontrollinstanz autonomous inspectorate and control body;
• Prüfungsjahr (Revision) audit year;
• Prüfungskommission examination board, board of examiners, examinig body, review board (US), (Abnahme) inspection committee (commission), (Revision) auditing commission;
• Prüfungskosten examination fees, (Abnahme) inspection cost, (Revision) audit fees;
• Prüfungsleistung test performance;
• Prüfungsmethode examination technique, testing method;
• Prüfungsmuster specimen;
• Prüfungspersonal inspection personnel, (Buchprüfer) auditing staff;
• Prüfungspflicht obligatory inspection. -
86 Händler
Händler m 1. BÖRSE trading member, dealer, broker-dealer; 2. GEN dealer, trader, agent; 3. V&M vendor* * *Händler
trader, tradesman, merchant, [market] dealer, monger, marketeer, barterer, (Börse) stockjobber, (Kleingewerbe) chandler, (Ladenbesitzer) shopkeeper, storekeeper (US);
• ambulanter (fliegender, umherziehender) Händler itinerant (door-to-door) trader, costermonger, hawker, barrowman (Br.), pedlar (Br.), peddler (US);
• autorisierter Händler franchised dealer;
• drittklassiger Händler third-market dealer;
• fliegender Händler pedlar, street (door-to-door) trader;
• unbedeutender Händler petty dealer;
• zugelassener Händler franchised dealer;
• Händler in kleinen Effektenabschnitten odd-lot dealer (US);
• Händler mit eigenem Lager stockist (Br.), rack jobber (US);
• Händler mit großen (bedeutenden) Umsätzen heavy dealer;
• Händler in festverzinslichen Werten bond trading officer;
• Händler nicht mehr beliefern to withhold supplies of goods from a dealer;
• Händlerakkreditiv merchant’s letter of credit;
• Händleranalyse dealer research;
• eingedruckte Händler anschrift, Händleraufdruck dealer imprint;
• Händlerbefragung dealer survey (research), shop audit;
• Händlergefolgschaft dealer force;
• Händlergruppe bei einer Versteigerung ring of dealers at an auction;
• Händlerinterview dealer interview;
• eingebaute Händlerkodierung built-in dealers’ coding;
• Händlerkontrolle dealer control;
• Händlerlager dealer inventory;
• Händlermarge trade discount;
• Händlermarke private (dealer) brand;
• Händlernachlass dealer’s rebate;
• Händlernetz dealer network;
• Händlerobligo dealer’s engagement;
• Händlerorganisation dealer organization (outlet);
• Händlerpreis trade price;
• Händlerrabatt distributor’s (trade, functional, US) discount, dealer’s rebate (allowance, abatement, discount), discount earned (allowed to dealers);
• Händlerstand pitch (Br.);
• Händlerverband retail association (US);
• Händlerverdienstspanne dealer markup;
• Händlervereinbarung mit Ausschließlichkeitsklausel exclusive dealer arrangement (US);
• Händlervereinigung dealer organization, retail association (US);
• Händlerwerbung trade advertising, dealer merchandising plan;
• Händlerwettbewerb dealer incentive contest;
• Händlerzeitschrift trade paper;
• Händlerzettel (Börse) slip. -
87 розвідка
ж1) геол. ( корисних копалин) prospecting, exploration, surveyпровадити розвідку нафти — to prospect ( to explore) for oil
2) ( розвідувальна служба) secret service, intelligence service3) військ. reconnaissanceпровадити розвідку — to reconnoitre, to scout
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88 reconnaissance
n1) військ. розвідка, рекогносцируванняaerial reconnaissance — ав. повітряна розвідка, аерофоторозвідка
2) дослідження, розвідування3) геол. попередня (початкова) розвідка4) зондування, промацуванняreconnaissance agency — військ. орган розвідки
reconnaissance intelligence — розвідувальні дані; дані розвідки
reconnaissance officer — військ. офіцер (начальник) розвідки
reconnaissance party — військ. розвідувальна група
reconnaissance report — військ. розвідувальне донесення
reconnaissance satellite — розвідувальний супутник; супутник-розвідник
* * *n1) вiйcьк. розвідка, рекогносцировкаreconnaissance intelligence — дані розвідки; розвідувальні дані
reconnaissance in strength /in force/ — розвідка боєм
2) cпeц. розвідка; дослідження; гeoл. попередня або первісна розвідка3) зондування -
89 ♦ air
♦ air /ɛə(r)/A n.1 [u] aria; atmosfera: fresh air, aria fresca; pure air, aria pura; foul air, aria irrespirabile; by air, per via aerea; in aereo; in the air, nell'aria; in aria; in volo; in the open air, all'aria aperta; to rise into the air, sollevarsi in aria; There's trouble in the air, c'è (o tira) aria di guai; to gasp for air, boccheggiare; sentirsi mancare l'aria2 [u] ( radio, TV) etere; onde (pl.): to be on the air, essere in onda; parlare alla radio (o alla TV); to be back on the air, tornare in onda; off the air, non in onda; prima, dopo la trasmissione; to go off the air, finire (la trasmissione, il programma); We go off the air in one minute, il nostro progamma termina tra un minuto3 brezza leggera; aria4 aria; espressione; aspetto; impressione; alone: with an air of disdain, con aria sdegnosa; There was an air of mystery about it, c'era un alone di mistero5 (al pl.) arie; supponenza (sing.): to give oneself airs, darsi delle arie; to put on airs, metter su arie6 (mus.) aria; motivo; melodiaB a. attr.d'aria; dell'aria; dall'aria; aereo; per via aerea; aero- (pref.): air ambulance, aeroambulanza; (mil.) air attack, attacco aereo (o dall'aria); (ecol.) air pollution, inquinamento atmosferico; air traffic, traffico aereo; air bubble, bolla d'aria; air cargo, carico aereo; air disaster, sciagura aerea; air duct, condotto dell'aria; air parcel, pacco per via aerea: air supremacy, supremazia aerea; dominio dell'aria● air alert, allarme aereo □ (autom.) air bag ► airbag □ (mil.) air base, base aerea □ (aeron.) air beacon, aerofaro; radiofaro □ (GB) air bed, materassino ( gonfiabile) □ air bladder, (zool.) vescica natatoria; (bot.) vescica aerifera □ air bleeder, spurgo d'aria; sfiatatoio □ (mil.) air blockade, embargo (o blocco) aereo □ (mecc.) air brake, freno ad aria compressa; (aeron.) aerofreno □ air bridge, (mil.) ponte aereo; ( in aeroporto, GB) corridoio telescopico □ air carrier, vettore aereo □ air chamber, camera d'aria ( nelle macchine idrauliche) □ (aeron. mil., in GB) Air Chief Marshal (2В° grado dall'alto; cfr. ital.) Generale di Armata Aerea con incarichi speciali □ (tecn.) air cleaner, filtro dell'aria □ (aeron. mil., in GB) Air Commodore, Generale di Brigata Aerea □ (tecn., mecc.) air compressor, compressore d'aria □ (tecn., mecc.) air condenser, condensatore ad aria; ( anche) separatore di condensa □ air-conditioned, ad aria condizionata; climatizzato □ air conditioner, condizionatore d'aria; climatizzatore □ air conditioning, climatizzazione; condizionamento dell'aria □ (aeron.) air controller, controllore di volo □ (tecn., mecc.) air-cooled, raffreddato ad aria □ air cooling, raffreddamento ad aria □ air corridor, corridoio aereo □ (trasp., aeron.) air courier, corriere aereo □ (mil.) air cover, copertura (o protezione) aerea □ air crash, disastro aereo □ air cushion, cuscino gonfiabile; ( di veicolo) cuscino d'aria □ (tecn.) air drill, perforatrice pneumatica, martello pneumatico; ( anche) trapano ad aria compressa □ air-dry, stagionato □ air fare ► airfare □ (autom., mecc.) air filter, filtro dell'aria □ (mil.) air force, aeronautica militare; aviazione □ (in USA) Air Force One, l'aereo del Presidente degli USA □ air-freshener, deodorante per ambienti □ (fam.) air guitar, chitarra immaginaria che si finge di suonare □ air gun, fucile (o pistola) ad aria compressa; pistola a spruzzo □ (mil.) air gunner, mitragliere □ air hole, passaggio per l'aria; spiraglio d'aria; (tecn.) sfiatatoio; (ind. min.) fornello di ventilazione □ (aeron.) air hostess, hostess ( di volo); assistente di volo □ (med.) air hunger, dispnea □ (tecn.) air inlet (o air intake) presa d'aria □ air jacket, (aeron.) giubbotto pneumatico; (mecc.) involucro per il raffreddamento ad aria □ air kiss, bacio dato senza contatto; gesto del bacio □ (aeron.) air lane, corridoio aereo □ air letter, aerogramma □ air line ► airline □ (aeron.) air log, dromografo □ (aeron. mil., in GB) Air Marshal, Generale di Squadra Aerea □ (meteor.) air mass, massa d'aria □ ( USA) air mattress, materassino ( gonfiabile) □ (aeron.) air mile, miglio □ (aeron.) air miles, Air Miles® loc. n. pl., punti ( accumulati con frequenti viaggi aerei o altri acquisti) che danno diritto a viaggi aerei gratuiti o altri benefici □ (aeron. mil., in GB) air officer, ufficiale d'aviazione (di grado superiore a ► «group captain», ► group) □ air piracy, pirateria aerea □ air pirate, pirata dell'aria □ air pistol, pistola ad aria compressa □ (bot.) air plant, epifita □ (aeron.) air pocket, vuoto d'aria □ (mil.) air power, potenziale aereo; potenza aerea □ air pump, pompa pneumatica □ air quotes, segno di virgolette fatto nell'aria con le dita ( per indicare l'uso ironico o speciale di una parola) □ air rage, comportamento violento o aggressivo di un passeggero a bordo di un aereo □ air raid, incursione aerea; bombardamento aereo □ air-raid shelter, rifugio antiaereo □ ( in tempo di guerra) air-raid warden, incaricato di mantenere l'ordine durante un'incursione aerea □ air-raid warning, allarme aereo □ (aeron. mil.) air rank, grado di ufficiale □ air rifle, fucile ad aria compressa □ air sac, (anat.) alveolo; (zool.) sacco aereo □ air-sea, aeromarittimo; aeronavale: air-sea rescue, soccorso aeromarittimo; salvataggio aeronavale □ air show, esibizione aeronautica □ (astrol.) air sign, segno d'aria □ (aeron.) air sock, manica a vento □ air station, stazione aeroportuale; aeroscalo □ (aeron. mil.) air squadron, squadriglia (d'aerei) □ (mil.) air strike ► airstrike □ air survey, rilevamento aereo □ air taxi, aerotaxi □ air terminal, aerostazione ( urbana); terminal □ (aeron.) air ticket, biglietto d'aereo □ ( radio, TV) air time ► airtime □ (mil.) air-to-air missile, missile aria-aria □ (aeron., mil.) air-to-air refuelling, rifornimento in volo □ (mil.) air-to-ground, aria-terra □ (mil.) air-to-surface, aria-superficie □ air traffic control, controllo del traffico aereo □ air traffic controller, controllore di volo; uomo radar (fam.) □ air tube, camera d'aria ( di pneumatico) □ (mil.) air umbrella, copertura aerea □ (mecc.) air valve, valvola dell'aria □ air vent, cunicolo di ventilazione □ (aeron. mil., in GB) Air Vice Marshal, Generale di Divisione Aerea □ (comm.) air waybill, lettera di trasporto aereo □ (aeron. mil.) air wing, stormo (d'aerei) □ (fam.) airs and graces, modi affettati; pose; arie da gran dama □ to build castles in the air, fare castelli in aria □ to clear the air, aerare ( una stanza); cambiare aria; (fig.) eliminare i malintesi, i sospetti, ecc.; chiarire le cose □ (fam.) to get the air, essere piantato in asso; ( anche) essere licenziato, essere mandato a spasso (fam.) □ (fam. USA) to give sb. the air, voltare le spalle, piantare in asso; ( anche) licenziare q., mandare a spasso q. (fam.) □ (fam.) hot air, parole vuote; chiacchiere □ (up) in the air, ( di progetto, ecc.) incerto, non ancora deciso, vago, fumoso, in alto mare; ( di persona) indeciso, in dubbio, perplesso, confuso □ ( di notizie, voci) to take air, diffondersi; spargersi □ to take the air, prendere aria (o una boccata d'aria) □ to take to the air, prendere il volo; alzarsi in volo □ thin air, il nulla: to vanish into thin air, svanire nel nulla; out of thin air, dal nulla; to produce st. out of thin air, tirare qc. fuori dal nulla; inventare qc. □ to be walking (o treading) on air, essere euforico; essere al settimo cielo □ (fam.) The air turned blue, sono volate parole grosse □ (fam.) You could cut the air with a knife, la tensione era fortissima; l'atmosfera era elettrica.(to) air /ɛə(r)/v. t.1 arieggiare; dare aria a; aerare; ventilare2 rendere noto; diffondere; rendere di pubblica ragione● (fam. USA) to air one's dirty linen in public, mettere in piazza i propri affari privati. -
90 ♦ pilot
♦ pilot /ˈpaɪlət/A n.1 (aeron.) pilota: automatic pilot, pilota automatico; test pilot, pilota collaudatore; fighter pilot, pilota da combattimento; pilota di caccia2 (naut.) pilota3 (miss.) pilota5 (tecn.) fiammella pilota6 (fig. arc.) guida; consigliere8 (TV) episodio pilota; programma pilota12 (naut. arc.) timoniere; nocchieroB a. attr.pilota; sperimentale; pilot plant, impianto pilota (o sperimentale); pilot survey, indagine pilota; pilot balloon, pallone pilota● (mecc.) pilot bit, punta (o tagliatore) pilota □ pilot boat, battello pilota; pilotina □ (naut.) pilot bridge, ponte di comando; plancia □ pilot burner, fiamma pilota, fiamma spia ( di apparecchio a gas) □ (stat.) pilot census, censimento di prova (o d'assaggio) □ (aeron.) pilot chute, paracadute pilota; pilotino □ pilot-cloth, stoffa blu, di lana pesante ( per soprabiti) □ (naut.) pilot cutter, pilotina □ (ferr.) pilot engine, locomotiva staffetta □ (zool.) pilot fish ( Naucrates ductor), pesce pilota □ (naut.) pilot-house, timoniera; casotto del timone □ (elettr.) pilot lamp (o pilot light), lampada spia; spia luminosa □ pilot light, ( di bruciatore a gas) = pilot burner ► sopra □ (naut.) pilot master, capo pilota □ (aeron. mil., in GB) pilot officer, sottotenente ( d'aviazione) □ (mecc.) pilot pin, perno di guida □ (aeron.) pilot trainer, istruttore di volo □ (zool.) pilot whale ( Globicephala melaena), globicefalo □ (fam. antiq.) to drop the pilot, abbandonare un fido consigliere □ (fig.) to be on automatic pilot, essere ancora addormentato, essere ancora intontito.(to) pilot /ˈpaɪlət/v. t.1 (aeron., naut., miss.) pilotare2 (fig.) guidare; condurre; dirigere; pilotare (fam.). -
91 operation
операция; кампания; боевые [военные] действия; бой; сражение; эксплуатация; обслуживание; работа; pl. оперативное управление [отдел, отделение]; см. тж. action, battle, combatcounter C3 operation — операция [действия] против систем руководства, управления и связи [оперативного управления и связи]
counternaval forces naval operation (in closed or open offshore areas) — морская операция по разгрому ВМС противника (в закрытых или прилегающих к побережью открытых морских районах)
— breaching operation— exploitation-type operation— guarding security operations— missile operations— tactical operations— urban ized operations* * * -
92 council
Intelligence (Activities Supervision) council — совет по наблюдению за деятельностью разведки (при директоре ЦРУ)
Intelligence Advisory council, NSC — консультативныи совет при СНБ по разведке
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93 sergeant
сержант ( звание или должность) ; см. тж. noncommissioned officer— chemical operations sergeant— messing sergeant -
94 vehicle
средство передвижения; транспортное средство; подвижное средство; боевая машина, БМ; летательный аппарат, ЛА; см. тж. car, truckair cushion landing vehicle, assault — десантно-высадочное средство на воздушной подушке; десантный АВП
armored cavalry (assault) vehicle — бронированная разведывательная машина, БРМ
armoured vehicle, RE — Бр. саперный танк
assault vehicle, RE — Бр. десантно-высадочное средство инженерных войск
AT (guided) missile launch vehicle — БМ для пуска ПТУР; самоходный ПТРК
C2 vehicle — машина управления (войсками); (командно-) штабная машина
double air cushion vehicle, assault — десантный корабль на двойной воздушной подушке
landing vehicle, assault — десантно-высадочное средство; плавающий БТР на воздушной подушке
landing vehicle, hydrofoil — десантный КПК
landing vehicle, tank, engineer — десантный саперный танк
landing vehicle, track, armored — десантный (плавающий) гусеничный БТР
landing vehicle, track, covered — крытый десантный плавающий гусеничный транспортер
landing vehicle, tracked, engineer — десант ная гусеничная инженерная машина
landing vehicle, tracked, heavy — тяжелый десантный плавающий гусеничный транспортер
landing vehicle, tracked, howitzer — десантная гусеничная гаубичная СУ
landing vehicle, tracked, personnel — десантная гусеничная машина для ЛС
landing vehicle, tracked, recovery — десантная гусеничная ремонтно-эвакуационная машина
mine-clearing vehicle, flail-type — танк [танковый тягач] с бойковым тралом
mine-clearing vehicle, plow-pushing — танк [танковый тягач] с передним плужным минным тралом
mine-clearing vehicle, roller — танк [танковый тягач] с Катковым минным тралом
terminally guided (maneuvering) reentry vehicle — ркт. маневрирующая ГЧ с наведением на конечном участке траектории
— administrative use vehicle— bacteriological bomb vehicle— boost-glide reentry vehicle— flamethrower vehicle— ground-supported vehicle— launcher vehicle— logistical air vehicle— logistical vehicle— maintenance assistance vehicle— MarineCorps landing vehicle— oversize load vehicle— ship-to-shore assault vehicle— support armored vehicle— topographic surveying vehicle— troop-carryingair vehicle— wader-swimmer combat vehicle -
95 ordnance
1. n артиллерийские орудия, артиллерия; материальная часть артиллерии2. n артиллерийско-техническое и вещевое снабжение3. n амер. артиллерийско-техническое снабжениеordnance survey — военно-топографическая съёмка, проводимая артиллерийско-технической службой военно-геодезического управления
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96 works
1. n pl работающие части механизма2. n pl шутл. машина3. n pl технические сооруженияpublic works — общественные работы; общественные сооружения
4. n pl строительные работы5. n pl воен. укрепления6. n употр. с гл. в ед. и мн. ч. завод, фабрика, мастерскиеСинонимический ряд:1. factories (noun) factories; mills; plants2. factory (noun) assembly plant; factory; foundry; industrial operations; manufactory; mill; plant; sawmill; steelworks; waterworks3. labours (noun) drudgeries; labours; moils; sweats; toils; travail4. pieces (noun) compositions; pieces; productions5. volumes (noun) operas; publications; titles; volumes6. working parts (noun) clockwork; gears; guts; innards; inner workings; insides; pistons; pulleys; working parts7. workmanship (noun) craftsmanship; workmanship8. works (noun) businesses; callings; employment; jobs; lines; occupations; pursuits; trades; vocations; works9. acts (verb) acts; behaves; performs; reacts; takes10. drives (verb) drives; fags; labors; labours; moils; strains; strives; sweats; tasks; taxes; toils; travails; tugs11. goes (verb) functions; goes; handles; operates; runs; uses12. kneads (verb) kneads; manipulates13. solves (verb) fixes; resolves; solves; work out; works; works out14. tends (verb) cultivates; cultures; dresses; tends; tills -
97 pilot
pilot ['paɪlət]1 noun(c) (pilot light) veilleuse f(d) Television émission f pilote(error) de pilotage∎ he's piloted the company through several crises il a sorti l'entreprise de la crise ou de ses difficultés à plusieurs reprises;∎ she piloted the bill through parliament elle s'est assurée que le projet de loi serait voté∎ the project was piloted at Harvard University le projet a été testé à l'Université de Harvard(trial → study, programme, scheme) d'essai, pilote, expérimental►► Meteorology pilot balloon ballon-sonde m;pilot boat bateau-pilote m;pilot burner veilleuse f;pilot cutter bateau-pilote m;Railways pilot engine locomotive f pilote;pilot film épisode m pilote;Ichthyology pilot fish pilote m, poisson-pilote m;pilot flame veilleuse f;Nautical pilot house poste m de pilotage;pilot jet veilleuse f (au gaz);pilot lamp veilleuse f (électrique);pilot light veilleuse f;pilot project projet-pilote m;pilot questionnaire questionnaire m pilote;British pilot scheme projet-pilote m;pilot study étude f pilote, avant-projet m, pré-étude f;pilot survey enquête-pilote f;pilot waters zone f de pilotage;Zoology pilot whale globicéphale m -
98 Steers, Thomas
[br]b. c. 1672 Kent, Englandd. buried November 1750 Liverpool, England[br]English dock and canal engineer.[br]An Army officer serving at the Battle of the Boyne in 1690 and later in the Low Countries, Steers thus gained experience in water control and development, canals and drainage. After his return to England he was associated with George Sorocold in the construction of Howland Great Dock, Rotherhithe, London, opened in 1699 and the first wet dock built in England. He was again associated with Sorocold in planning the first of Liverpool's wet docks and subsequently was responsible for its construction. On its completion, he became Dockmaster in 1717.In 1712 he surveyed the River Douglas for navigation, and received authorization to make it navigable from the Ribble estuary to Wigan in 1720. Although work was started by Steers, the undertaking was hit by the collapse of the South Sea Bubble and Steers was no longer associated with it when it was restarted in 1738. In 1721 he proposed making the Mersey and Irwell navigable.In 1736 he surveyed and engineered the first summit-level canal in the British Isles, between Portadown and Newry in Ulster, thus providing through-water communication between Lough Neagh and the Irish Sea. The canal was completed in 1741. He also carried out a survey of the river Boyne. Also in 1736, he surveyed the Worsley Brook in South Lancashire to provide navigation from Worsley to the Mersey. This was done on behalf of Scroop, 1st Duke of Bridgewater; an Act was obtained in 1737, but no work was started on the scheme at that time. It was left to Francis Egerton, the 3rd Duke, to initiate the Bridgewater Canal to provide water transport for coal from the Worsley pits direct to Manchester. In 1739 Steers was elected Mayor of Liverpool. The following year, jointly with John Eyes of Liverpool, he surveyed a possible navigation along the Calder from its junction with the Aire \& Calder at Wakefield to the Hebble and so through to Halifax, but, owing to opposition at the time, the construction of the Calder \& Hebble Navigation had to wait until after Steers's death. In the opinion of Professor A.W. Skempton, Steers was the most distinguished civil engineer before Smeaton's time.[br]Further ReadingHenry Peet, 1932, Thomas Steers. The Engineer of Liverpool's First Dock; reprinted with App. from Transactions of the Historic Society of Lancashire and Cheshire 82:163– 242.JHB
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