surface+method

распределительный щиток
щиток
-
[ ГОСТ Р 51778-2001]

Классификация

• по назначению
  
  • для производственных и общественных зданий
  • для жилых зданий
• исполнению, относящемуся к виду установки:
  
  • навесное;
  • встраиваемое в нишу;
• наличию отключающего аппарата на вводе:
  
  • с аппаратом:
  • без аппарата;
• наличию учета электроэнергии:
  
  • со счетчиком;
  • без счетчика;
• по наличию слаботочного отсека
  
  • с отсеком
  • без отсека
• количеству защитных аппаратов групповых цепей;
• виду защитных аппаратов групповых цепей
  
  • автоматические выключатели;
  • предохранители;
• наличию устройств защитного отключения:
  
  • с УЗО;
  • без УЗО;
• способу защиты человека от поражения электрическим током:
  
  • классы I и II по ГОСТ Р МЭК 536.
• по числу фаз ввода в щиток
  
  • однофазный при Рр ≤ 11 кВт;
    
  • трехфазный при Рр ≥ 11 кВт или при наличии трехфазных токоприемников;
    
• по наличию аппарата для защиты и отключения питающей цепи (стояка):
  
  • с аппаратом (или предусмотренным местом для последующей его установки потребителем);
  • без аппарата

Примечание. Рр - расчетная мощность на вводе квартиры.
[ ГОСТ Р 51778-2001] и [ ГОСТ Р 51628-2000]

Распределительные щитки (далее — щитки), применяемые в осветительных и силовых установках производственных, общественных, административных и других подобных зданий для приема и распределения электрической энергии при напряжении 380/220 и 660/380 В трехфазного переменного тока частотой 50 — 60 Гц, нечастого включения и отключения линий групповых цепей, а также для их защиты при перегрузках и коротких замыканиях.

Щитки могут устанавливаться в местах, доступных при эксплуатации неквалифицированному персоналу для выполнения коммутационных операций

Щитки, присоединяемые к трехфазным сетям с типами систем заземления TN-S, TN-C, TN-C-S, ТТ...

В щитках без отключающего аппарата на вводе должны быть зажимы для присоединения проводников питающей цепи
Дверцы щитков должны запираться на ключ
В щитках без дверец...

В щитках со счетчиками для исключения несанкционированного доступа к цепям учета электроэнергии (от входных зажимов вводного аппарата до ввода в счетчик) должны предусматриваться конструктивные элементы с возможностью их опломбирования

На оперативной панели щитка должна выполняться маркировка защитных аппаратов групповых цепей порядковыми номерами

В качестве аппаратов защиты групповых линий используются модульные автоматические выключатели с шириной модуля 18 мм.
На вводе и групповых линиях щитка могут быть установлены устройства защитного отключения с отключающим дифференциальным током на вводе - 30; 100; 300 мА, на групповых линиях - 10; 30 мА.

[ ГОСТ Р 51778-2001]

A panelboard as defined by the National Electrical Code is a single panel or a group of panel units designed for assembly in the form of a single panel; including buses, automatic overcurrent devices, and equipped with or without switches for the control of light, heat, or power circuits, designed to be placed in a cabinet or cutout box placed in or against a wall or partition and accessible only from the front.
Panelboards provide a compact and convenient method of grouping circuit switching and protective devices at some common point.
Panelboards may be of either the flush or the surface type (Fig. 4.125).
The flush type is used with concealed-wiring installations and has the advantage of not taking up space in the room by extending beyond the surface of the wall. Surface type boxes are used for installations employing exposed wiring.
The boxes are generally constructed of sheet steel, which must be not less than 0.053 in. (1.35 mm) in thickness.
The steel must be galvanized or be covered with some other protective coating to prevent corrosion.
Gutters are provided around the panelboards in cabinets to allow sufficient space for wiring (Figs. 4.125 and 4.126).

FIGURE 4.125 Panel boxes.

The Code requires that all cabinets which contain connections to more than eight conductors be provided with back or side wiring spaces. These wiring spaces must be separated from the panelboard or other devices in the cabinet by partitions so that they will be separate closed compartments, unless all wires are led from the cabinet at points directly opposite their terminal connections to the panelboard.
[American electricians’ handbook]

Тематики

• электроснабжение в целом

Синонимы

• щиток

EN

• panel boxe
• panelboard

At room temperature the electron's average diffusion distance for the p-n junction after injection may be as much as several microns.

This type of potential ranges up to about 100 millivolts.

The cadmium content of zinc concentrates may run to 1-2 percent.

The amount of mercury here may run as high as two parts per billion.

The permeability of iron may be as great as 2000.

After the orbit has attained its desired altitude...

This amounts up to one third of the velocity of light.

The output reaches its peak.

The number of formulations ( составов) runs (or ranges) into the thousands.

In metazoans, this may amount to as much as 11% of the deoxycytidines.

The pressure can be raised to get to point 3.

When equilibrium is attained (or established),...

Almost complete conversion can be obtained at ordinary pressure.

Maximum efficiency is accomplished when...

No improvement was brought about (or attained, or achieved) by applying this method.

A reduction in metal thickness can be realized.

This realignment of the molecules can be brought about in several ways.

These bodies of magma do not make it to the surface and solidify at depth...

Almost all the heat generated in the earth's mantle finds its way to the ocean floor.

An alternative method of providing mass-transfer surface is to allow the liquid to flow over...

The green tarnish which sometimes forms on the surface has no detrimental (or deleterious, or harmful, or unfavourable, or adverse, or untoward, or ill) effect upon the method.

The process has some unconventional aspects.

All this is provided by the unique thread design.

He used an ingenious method not requiring a probe to measure the surface temperature.

This method offers savings in production time.

Removal of the denaturing conditions brings about the formation of...

This causes the input voltage to rise and fall.

This research has culminated in the discovery of...

The use of a driving belt could give rise to vibrations.

This involves an increase in...

This leads to new concepts.

If solute concentration varies over many atomic distances, a variation in lattice parameter will result.

Flapping of the belt could result in poor finish.

The current in the motor increases, and the result is overheating.

Uneven removal of excess metal tends to redistribute stresses.

In areas where present climates are not conducive to the deposition of...

The mixture is adjusted to pH 6.8.

Biotin deficiency in animals is associated with dermatitis, loss of hair,...

Thermal stresses sometimes produce surface cracking.

A small error in ψ will eventually produce a significant error in the fields.

The change in contact resistance effects the desired current change.

These collisions can involve either a gain or loss in mechanical energy.

Continued condensation causes the period of rotation to shorten.

The rate at which the flame advances into the combustible mixture...

Practical applications of the method are expanding to other casting fields.

The atmosphere extends for about 200 miles above the surface of the Earth.

The term "chilled iron" spreads to the part-white, part-grey types of cast iron.

This requirement does not cover (or extend to) bacterial spores.

The guarantee cannot be extended to cases of mechanical damage.

The 4n + 2 rule is precise.

This was 0.1 % above the true value.

This expression is thermodynamically exact.

A faithful (or exact, or true) copy of each message...

These instruments are precise.

A precision method.

The defect can be corrected by lapping the measuring faces on a true flat surface.

Squaring fixtures are used on grinders to produce true square edges required on...