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1 supreme
sju:ˈpri:m прил.
1) верховный;
высший, главный, старший Supreme Court of Judicature ≈ Верховный Суд Великобритании supreme command ≈ высшее командование Syn: high
2) высочайший;
величайший supreme fidelity ≈ беззаветная преданность Syn: extreme, greatest
3) крайний, последний, предельный to make the supreme sacrifice ≈ пожертвовать жизнью Syn: extreme, last (военное) главнокомандующий( the S.) Вседержитель, Бог (тж. the S. Being) высшая степень( чего-л.) верховный, высший - S. Court of Judicature Верховный суд( Великобритании) - S. Pontiff папа римский - the * good высшее благо - to reign * безраздельно господствовать высочайший, величайший - * happiness величайшее счастье - to hold smb. in * contempt относиться к кому-л. с величайшим презрением последний;
предельный, максимальный - the * test решающее испытание - at the * moment в последний /критический/ момент - he made the * sacrifice он пожертвовал жизнью ~ последний, крайний, предельный;
at the supreme moment в последний, критический момент supreme верховный;
высший;
Supreme Soviet of the USSR Верховный Совет СССР ~ верховный ~ высочайший;
величайший;
supreme courage величайшее мужество ~ высший ~ последний, крайний, предельный;
at the supreme moment в последний, критический момент ~ высочайший;
величайший;
supreme courage величайшее мужество supreme верховный;
высший;
Supreme Soviet of the USSR Верховный Совет СССР -
2 supreme
1. n1) військ. головнокомандуючий2) (the S.) бог3) найвищий ступінь (чогось)2. adj1) верховний, найвищийS. Court — Верховний суд
S. Court of Judicature — Верховний суд (Великої Британії)
S. Pontiff nana — римський
the S. Being — бог
2) найвищий, найбільший3) граничний; максимальний; останній* * *I [s(j)uː'priːm] n1) вiйcьк. головнокомандуючий2) ( the Supreme) Вседержитель, Бог ( the Supreme Being)3) вищий ступінь ( чого-небудь)II [s(j)uː'priːm] a1) верховний, вищий2) найвищий, найбільший3) останній; граничний, максимальний -
3 supreme
[s(j)uː'priːm]прил.1) верховный; высший, главный, старшийSyn:2) высочайший; величайшийSyn:3) крайний, последний, предельныйat the supreme moment — в последний, критический момент
Syn:•• -
4 supreme
[s(j)uː'priːm]adj1) верхо́вний; ви́щийSupreme Court — Верхо́вний суд
2) найви́щий; найважли́ві́ший3) грани́чний; максима́льний; кра́йнійat the supreme moment — в оста́нній (крити́чний) моме́нт
supreme fidelity — безме́жна ві́дданість
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5 Armstrong, Edwin Howard
[br]b. 18 December 1890 New York City, New York, USAd. 31 January 1954 New York City, New York, USA[br]American engineer who invented the regenerative and superheterodyne amplifiers and frequency modulation, all major contributions to radio communication and broadcasting.[br]Interested from childhood in anything mechanical, as a teenager Armstrong constructed a variety of wireless equipment in the attic of his parents' home, including spark-gap transmitters and receivers with iron-filing "coherer" detectors capable of producing weak Morse-code signals. In 1912, while still a student of engineering at Columbia University, he applied positive, i.e. regenerative, feedback to a Lee De Forest triode amplifier to just below the point of oscillation and obtained a gain of some 1,000 times, giving a receiver sensitivity very much greater than hitherto possible. Furthermore, by allowing the circuit to go into full oscillation he found he could generate stable continuous-waves, making possible the first reliable CW radio transmitter. Sadly, his claim to priority with this invention, for which he filed US patents in 1913, the year he graduated from Columbia, led to many years of litigation with De Forest, to whom the US Supreme Court finally, but unjustly, awarded the patent in 1934. The engineering world clearly did not agree with this decision, for the Institution of Radio Engineers did not revoke its previous award of a gold medal and he subsequently received the highest US scientific award, the Franklin Medal, for this discovery.During the First World War, after some time as an instructor at Columbia University, he joined the US Signal Corps laboratories in Paris, where in 1918 he invented the superheterodyne, a major contribution to radio-receiver design and for which he filed a patent in 1920. The principle of this circuit, which underlies virtually all modern radio, TV and radar reception, is that by using a local oscillator to convert, or "heterodyne", a wanted signal to a lower, fixed, "intermediate" frequency it is possible to obtain high amplification and selectivity without the need to "track" the tuning of numerous variable circuits.Returning to Columbia after the war and eventually becoming Professor of Electrical Engineering, he made a fortune from the sale of his patent rights and used part of his wealth to fund his own research into further problems in radio communication, particularly that of receiver noise. In 1933 he filed four patents covering the use of wide-band frequency modulation (FM) to achieve low-noise, high-fidelity sound broadcasting, but unable to interest RCA he eventually built a complete broadcast transmitter at his own expense in 1939 to prove the advantages of his system. Unfortunately, there followed another long battle to protect and exploit his patents, and exhausted and virtually ruined he took his own life in 1954, just as the use of FM became an established technique.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsInstitution of Radio Engineers Medal of Honour 1917. Franklin Medal 1937. IERE Edison Medal 1942. American Medal for Merit 1947.Bibliography1922, "Some recent developments in regenerative circuits", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers 10:244.1924, "The superheterodyne. Its origin, developments and some recent improvements", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers 12:549.1936, "A method of reducing disturbances in radio signalling by a system of frequency modulation", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers 24:689.Further ReadingL.Lessing, 1956, Man of High-Fidelity: Edwin Howard Armstrong, pbk 1969 (the only definitive biography).W.R.Maclaurin and R.J.Harman, 1949, Invention \& Innovation in the Radio Industry.J.R.Whitehead, 1950, Super-regenerative Receivers.A.N.Goldsmith, 1948, Frequency Modulation (for the background to the development of frequency modulation, in the form of a large collection of papers and an extensive bibliog raphy).KFBiographical history of technology > Armstrong, Edwin Howard
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6 duty
збір, гербовий збір, мито, акциз, податок; обов'язок, моральний обов'язок, повинність, функція; чергуванняduty to advance one's client interest — обов'язок ( адвоката) захищати інтереси клієнта
duty to preserve confidentiality — обов'язок зберігати таємницю ( або у таємниці)
duty to preserve the confidentiality of the client's affairs — обов'язок зберігати у таємниці відомості, повідомлені клієнтом ( про адвоката)
duty to provide quiet enjoyment of property — обов'язок забезпечити спокійне користування (розпорядження) власністю
- duty applicableduty to speak fearlessly for one's client — обов'язок говорити без страху за свого клієнта ( про адвоката)
- duty-bound
- duty call
- duty classification
- duty drawback
- duty enjoined by law
- duty-exempt
- duty for revenue
- duty-free
- duty-free ceiling
- duty-free goods
- duty-free items
- duty-free sale
- duty-free trade
- duty journey
- duty list
- duty of a deputy
- duty of a husband
- duty of a wife
- duty of applicant
- duty of attendance
- duty of care
- duty of custody
- duty of discovery
- duty of fidelity
- duty of giving evidence
- duty of loyalty
- duty of obedience
- duty of payment
- duty of protection
- duty of reversion
- duty of service
- duty of the legislature
- duty of tonnage
- duty officer
- duty on capital flows
- duty on consumer loans
- duty on export
- duty on exports
- duty on goods in bond
- duty on import
- duty on imports
- duty on shares
- duty on spirits
- duty owed to the community
- duty-paid
- duty paid
- duty-paid goods
- duty relief
- duty requirement
- duty roster
- duty scheme
- duty station
- duty status
- duty to act
- duty to comply
- duty to country
- duty to declare
- duty to deduct
- duty to disclose information
- duty to exercise care
- duty to file tax returns
- duty to give notice
- duty to inform
- duty to keep accounts
- duty to keep secrets
- duty to live together
- duty to maintain public order
- duty to notify
- duty to obey laws
- duty to pay rent
- duty to pay taxes
- duty to prove title
- duty to register
- duty to repair
- duty to support
- duty to take reasonable care
- duty to the law
- duty to truth
- duty towards an individual
- duty travel allowance
- duty unpaid
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