-
81 ps
1) Общая лексика: project schedules2) Компьютерная техника: Physically Sequential, Power Save, Power Solution, Pre Set, Problem Sheet, Process Status, processor sharing4) Биология: photosystem5) Морской термин: portside, левый борт6) Медицина: Penicillin Susceptible, pulmonary stenosis, сыворотка плазмы7) Американизм: Professional Services8) Спорт: Performance Supplement, Practice Sheet9) Латинский язык: Post Scriptum10) Военный термин: Personnel Services, Photographic Service, Physical Strength, Piece of Shit, Piercing Slashing, Pole Smoker, Policy Support, Post Script, Processing Segmext, Processing Station, packing sheet, parachute subsystem, parade state, passed school, patrol ship, payload shroud, paymaster sergeant, performance standard, permanent staff, personal services, personal skills, personal survival, personnel strength, personnel subsystem, petrol station, photographic squadron, physical security, picket ship, pilot simulator, pioneer school, pistol sharpshooter, planning and scheduling, planning study, plotting system, port security, power section, power source, power station, power system, preliminary study, prior service, probability of survival, problem statement, procurement specification, product standards, professional staffing, program summary, proof shoot, propellant supply, propellant system, provost sergeant, public safety, pulse search, pulse sensor, Пи-Эс (хлорпикрин)11) Техника: Phasing System, packet switching equipment, particle settling, payload specialist, planar stripe, policy statement, polysilicon, potential supplier, power-save input, power-save output, pressurizer surge, prevention system, primary sight, primary station, production standard, program sharing, program sponsor, proton synchrotron, pulse stretcher, лошадиная сила( PferdeStark, по-немецки, система DIN) (http://forum.lingvo.ru/actualthread.aspx?bid=18&tid=35213&hl=equivalent), л.с. (часто в английских текстах пишут немецкий вариант HP), Proximity sensor12) Шутливое выражение: Paint Shop13) Математика: вероятность успешного исхода (probability of success), доля успешных исходов (proportion of successes), статистически значимый (probably significant)14) Бухгалтерия: Point Source, Purchase Sale15) Фармакология: ФС, фосфатидилсерин, Ptd-L-Ser, phosphatidyl serine, phosphatidylserine16) Автомобильный термин: power steering17) Биржевой термин: Parent Shelf18) Грубое выражение: Penis Sucker, Penis Suckers, Pubes Shaved19) Политика: Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands (Palau), (polling station) избирательный участок20) Телевидение: phase shift21) Сокращение: Paleontological Society, Pashto, Passenger Service, Pharmaceutical Society, Police Sergeant, PostScriptum, Postal Service schedule, Privy Seal, Probability of mission Success, Progressive Scan, Proposed Standard, Protective Security, Public School, Pushto, chloropicrin, parallel-to-serial, passenger steamer, passing scuttle, plus, point of switch, port and starboard, power surplus, pull switch, power supply (comb form), process specification (number), proof shot (projectile), Principal Secretary (в Индии. Напр.: The Principal Secretary to Minister)22) Университет: Pirate School, Positively Superior23) Физика: протонный синхротрон24) Физиология: Physical Status, Present Symptoms, population spike25) Школьное выражение: Primary School26) Электроника: Polar Stereographic, Porous silicon, Pulse Shape, Pulse Shaping27) Вычислительная техника: PostScript, Power Supply, packet switching, privileged state, pulse shaper, расширение файлов в формате PostScript Interpreted, PostScript (Adobe), Privilege Service (DCE), Process Status (Unix)28) Литература: Pauline Shirley29) Нефть: Pressure Switches, plough steel, potentiometric surface, pressure switch, производственный стандарт (production standard), промышленный стандарт (production standard)30) Биохимия: Paradoxical Sleep31) Связь: Peripheral Shelf (A7xxx family)32) Картография: police station, polar stereographic (projection)33) Банковское дело: привилегированная акция (preferred stock)34) Парфюмерия: полистирол35) Фирменный знак: Phy Science, Power Solutions36) Экология: plankton studies37) СМИ: Phantasy Star, Priority Seating38) Деловая лексика: Production Sample39) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: Project Specification, Project specifications, piping supervisor40) Образование: Pluralistic School, Polite Society, Post Scrip, Pre School, Pubic School, Public Service41) Инвестиции: preferred stock42) Сетевые технологии: Parallel Sessions, Path Separator, Print Server, packet switch, personal system, коммутатор пакетов, персональная система, узел коммутации пакетов43) Полимеры: partially soluble, permanent set, polystyrene, polysulfide, pressure sensitive, proof stress44) Программирование: Program Start, Program Stream45) Контроль качества: probability of success, probability of success production standard46) Полупроводники: photoemission spectroscopy47) Сахалин Ю: protective services, pump station48) Химическое оружие: chloropicrin, agent, potassium salt of methyl-phosphonic acid, propulsion system, trichloronitromethane, К-соль МФК, chloropicrin (trichloronitromethane)49) Макаров: (planar stripe) планарный полосковый (о лазере)50) Расширение файла: Problem Specification, Program Stores, Proportional Spacing, Document in PostScript format (Adobe), Adobe Postscript document (text/graphics)51) Нефть и газ: oil pump station, oil transfer pumping station, НПС, нефтеперекачивающая станция, NPS52) Фантастика Philosophers Stone53) Имена и фамилии: Popcorn Shrimp54) Фармация: Performance Status55) Hi-Fi. Program Service56) Должность: Performance Spectrum, Political Skills, Private Secretary57) Чат: Painfully Sarcastic, Post Silly58) Правительство: Peach State59) НАСА: Performance Space, Planetary And Solar60) Единицы измерений: Per Spring, Pico Seconds61) ГОСТ: pressure support -
82 programme
1. сущ.тж. program1) общ. программа, план (совокупность упорядоченных действий, которые необходимо выполнить в течение определенного периода времени с указанием исполнителей и участников)to carry out programme, to implement a programme — осуществлять [претворять в жизнь\] программу
Syn:See:advertising programme, Arab Trade Financing Programme, Commodity Import Program, Cooperator Program, Dairy Export Incentive Program, European Recovery Program, Export Enhancement Program, Foreign Buyer Program, Foreign Market Development Cooperator Program, Foreign Market Development Program, Integrated Programme for Commodities, International Buyer Program, International Comparison Program, Investment Sector Loan Program, loyalty programme, Market Access Program, Market Promotion Program, Single Market Programme, Structural Adjustment Programme, Targeted Export Assistance Program, Visa Waiver Program, single-use plan, project, government programme, program manager 1) Committee on Food Aid Policies and Programmes, United Nations Development Programme, World Food Programme2) комп. (компьютерная) программа (последовательность компьютерных операций, записанных по специальной форме, которую может распознать компьютер)See:3) СМИ представление, спектакль2. гл.тж. program1) упр. составлять программу [план\]; планироватьThis meeting is programmed for November. — Это собрание запланировано на ноябрь.
2) комп. программировать ( задавать программу или последовательность операций) -
83 SIP
1) Общая лексика: Service Information Portal (позволяет поставщикам услуг быстро создавать и настраивать под конкретного клиента информационные виды данных о функционировании каждой используемой им услуги в виде сетевого портала. Поставщик услуг определяет содержа), Shareholder Investment Program (Procter & Gamble)2) Компьютерная техника: Software Input Panel3) Медицина: sterilization in place4) Американизм: Special Interest Program, Standards In Practice5) Спорт: Stay In Play6) Военный термин: SACLANT intelligence plan, Support Incident Pack, System Enhancement Program, satellite information processor, security inspection program, standard inspection procedure, supersonic infantry projectile, supply improvement program7) Техника: Shelter implementation plan, Stay-in-Place, Swedish international project, safety injection pump, satellite inspector program, scientific instrument package, separation instrument package, short irregular pulses, specific input power, sputter ion plating, sputter-ion pump, strain isolation pad, strongly implicit procedure, system initialization program, sterilize in place8) Сельское хозяйство: Seasonal Irrigation Program9) Химия: Форма идентификации вещества (Сокращение от: SUBSTANCE IDENTIFICATION PROFILE (регистрация веществ согласно регламента REACH, обмен информацией и индентификация веществ в рамках SIEF))10) Юридический термин: Semiconductor Intellectual Property, Shooting Is Pointless11) Бухгалтерия: Sales Inventory Purchase12) Финансы: strategic investment program, страховой полис поставщика (Supplier Insurance Policy), Systemic Investment Plan13) Биржевой термин: Standard Investment Planning14) Грубое выражение: Seasonal Idiot Pass, Shit In Pants, Sin In Pants15) Телекоммуникации: SMDS Interface Protocol, Service Interface Point16) Сокращение: Secondary Improvement Programme, Segment Interface Protocol, Single In-line Package (RAM chip), Sonar Information Processor, Standard Information Package, Surface Impact Propulsion, System Improvement Program, System Improvement Programme, ship in place17) Университет: Spring Intensive Program, Student Information Portal, Student Initiated Project18) Физика: Simulations In Physics19) Электроника: Single Inline Package20) Вычислительная техника: Simulated Input Processor, Symbolic Input Program, single in-line package, Session Initiation Protocol (IETF, VOIP, ENUM), SCSI-3 Interlocked Protocol (SAM), SMDS Interface Protocol (SMDS), SCSI-3 interlocked protocol, single-in-line package, Software Isolated Process, корпус с однорядным расположением выводом21) Нефть: shut-in pressure, давление при закрытом устье скважины (shut-in pressure), Social Infrastructure Projects22) Связь: Session Initiating Protocol23) Транспорт: Side Impact Protection, The Subaru Information Pages24) Пищевая промышленность: стерилизация без разбора (Sterilisation in Place)25) Экология: state implementation plan, study of interplanetary phenomena26) Деловая лексика: Sale In Progress, Submission Information Package27) Производство: внутризаводской запас (продукции, деталей)28) Образование: School Improvement Plan, Schools Integration Project, Social Interactive Playtime29) Сетевые технологии: Session Initialization Protocol, System Interface Procedure, service identification packet, пакет идентификации службы, протокол инициации сеанса (session initiation protocol), протокол SIP, протокол создания сеанса связи30) Полимеры: stress-induced plasticization31) Сахалин Ю: security introduction program32) Химическое оружие: safe interval prediction33) Расширение файла: Session Initiation Protocol34) Нефть и газ: static pressure, well shut-in pressure, (сокр. от) selective inflow performance = поинтервальная характеристика притока35) Печатные платы: плоский корпус с однорядным расположением выводов36) Фармация: Steam in Place37) Правительство: School Improvement Program, Systematic Investment Plan38) Аэропорты: Simferopol, Ukraine40) Программное обеспечение: Self Initiated Program41) ГОСТ: signal input part (IEC 60601-1, ed. 3.0 (2005-12)) -
84 STP
1) Общая лексика: hum. сокр. Sulfate Transport Protein, simplified technical proposal (ADB), sewage treatment plant (SEIC), Standard Plan2) Компьютерная техника: Secret Tweeker Pad, Straight Through Processing, Straight To Paper4) Медицина: signal transduction protein, стандартная процедура анализа5) Спорт: Scenario Tables Pool, Smothers Tackles Punches6) Военный термин: SAGE system training program, Segmentation Targeting And Positioning, Segmenting Targeting And Positioning, Service Transformation Project, Short Term Project, Site Transition Plan, scientific and technical potential, security technology program, selection and test plan, simultaneous track processor, soldier training publication, space test program, standard test procedure, standardized test program, strategic target planning, subsystem test plan, systems training program7) Техника: satellite tracking program, short-term program, shuttle test program, space-time processor, standard test procedures, surveillance test procedure, паротурбинная установка, steam turbine plant8) Шутливое выражение: Stomp The Petroleum9) Химия: Standard Temperature And Pressure10) Религия: Serenity Tranquillity And Peace, Study, Teach, Pray11) Юридический термин: Stuffing The Pipe12) Ветеринария: Society of Toxicologic Pathology13) Грубое выражение: Stupid Tubby Principal14) Музыка: Stones Touring Party15) Оптика: standard thermal profile16) Телекоммуникации: Service Traffic Position, Services Transaction Program (IBM), Signal Transfer Point (SS7)17) Сокращение: Security Test Plan, Sensor Track Processor, Shielded Twisted Pairs, Short term plan, Signaling Transfer Point (network), Software Through Pictures, Soldiers Training Publication, Space Test Payload / Program (USA), Status Test Panel, Systems Technology Programme, stamp18) Университет: Sanctae Theologiae Professor, Student Top Performance19) Физиология: Standard temperature and pulse, Sulfate Transport Protein20) Вычислительная техника: Selective Tape Print, Software Testing Program, System Training Program, shielded twisted-pair wiring, Service Transaction Program (IBM), Spanning Tree Protocol (IEEE 802.1), Signaling Transfer Point (IN), Shielded Twisted Pair (Telecom, Networking), Shielded Twisted Pair (cable, TP), Standard Temperature and Pressure (see)21) Нефть: sanitary treatment package, нормальные температура и давление (standard temperature and pressure), процедура проверки системы (system test procedure)22) Космонавтика: Standard Temperative and Pressure23) Банковское дело: специализированная панель предложения (specialized tender panel), сквозная обработка транзакций (straight through processing)24) Геофизика: стандартная температура и давление25) Транспорт: Sailing To Philadelphia, Seattle To Portland, Surface Transportation Program26) Фирменный знак: Software Technology Park27) СМИ: Stop The Presses28) Деловая лексика: Same Ten People, Small Team Project, Strategic Technology Planning29) Бурение: нормальные условия (standard temperature and pressure; О град. С и 760 мм рт. ст.)30) Нефтепромысловый: submerged turret production (The STP system is a unique, innovative and flexible turret mooring system for floating production and offtake vessels (FPSO) making it suitable for a wide range of applications.)31) Образование: Self Test Problem, Summer Training Program32) Инвестиции: specialized tender panel33) Сетевые технологии: Shielded Twisted Pair, Signaling Transfer Point, Spanning Tree Protocol, shielded twisted-pair, пункт передачи сигнала, синхронное приёмо-передающее устройство, экранированная витая пара34) Полимеры: Special Technical Publication35) Программирование: план тестирования программного обеспечения (см. software test plan)36) Контроль качества: system test plan, system test procedure37) Океанография: Science and Technology Policy38) Сахалин Ю: sanitary treatment plant39) Общая лексика: scientifically treated petroleum40) Химическое оружие: Software Test Plan, Standing Test Procedure41) Расширение файла: ISO-10303 STEP product data, Secure Transfer Protocol, Signal Transfer Point, Synchronized Transaction Processing, Shielded Twisted Pair (cable)42) Нефть и газ: (сокр. от) surface treatment pressure = давление обработки ( ГРП) на поверхности, поверхностное давление обработки (ГРП), Senior Toolpusher43) Водоснабжение: трифосфат натрия (sodium tri-phosphate Na5P3O10)44) Фантастика Stone Temple Pilots45) Чат: See The People -
85 Stp
1) Общая лексика: hum. сокр. Sulfate Transport Protein, simplified technical proposal (ADB), sewage treatment plant (SEIC), Standard Plan2) Компьютерная техника: Secret Tweeker Pad, Straight Through Processing, Straight To Paper4) Медицина: signal transduction protein, стандартная процедура анализа5) Спорт: Scenario Tables Pool, Smothers Tackles Punches6) Военный термин: SAGE system training program, Segmentation Targeting And Positioning, Segmenting Targeting And Positioning, Service Transformation Project, Short Term Project, Site Transition Plan, scientific and technical potential, security technology program, selection and test plan, simultaneous track processor, soldier training publication, space test program, standard test procedure, standardized test program, strategic target planning, subsystem test plan, systems training program7) Техника: satellite tracking program, short-term program, shuttle test program, space-time processor, standard test procedures, surveillance test procedure, паротурбинная установка, steam turbine plant8) Шутливое выражение: Stomp The Petroleum9) Химия: Standard Temperature And Pressure10) Религия: Serenity Tranquillity And Peace, Study, Teach, Pray11) Юридический термин: Stuffing The Pipe12) Ветеринария: Society of Toxicologic Pathology13) Грубое выражение: Stupid Tubby Principal14) Музыка: Stones Touring Party15) Оптика: standard thermal profile16) Телекоммуникации: Service Traffic Position, Services Transaction Program (IBM), Signal Transfer Point (SS7)17) Сокращение: Security Test Plan, Sensor Track Processor, Shielded Twisted Pairs, Short term plan, Signaling Transfer Point (network), Software Through Pictures, Soldiers Training Publication, Space Test Payload / Program (USA), Status Test Panel, Systems Technology Programme, stamp18) Университет: Sanctae Theologiae Professor, Student Top Performance19) Физиология: Standard temperature and pulse, Sulfate Transport Protein20) Вычислительная техника: Selective Tape Print, Software Testing Program, System Training Program, shielded twisted-pair wiring, Service Transaction Program (IBM), Spanning Tree Protocol (IEEE 802.1), Signaling Transfer Point (IN), Shielded Twisted Pair (Telecom, Networking), Shielded Twisted Pair (cable, TP), Standard Temperature and Pressure (see)21) Нефть: sanitary treatment package, нормальные температура и давление (standard temperature and pressure), процедура проверки системы (system test procedure)22) Космонавтика: Standard Temperative and Pressure23) Банковское дело: специализированная панель предложения (specialized tender panel), сквозная обработка транзакций (straight through processing)24) Геофизика: стандартная температура и давление25) Транспорт: Sailing To Philadelphia, Seattle To Portland, Surface Transportation Program26) Фирменный знак: Software Technology Park27) СМИ: Stop The Presses28) Деловая лексика: Same Ten People, Small Team Project, Strategic Technology Planning29) Бурение: нормальные условия (standard temperature and pressure; О град. С и 760 мм рт. ст.)30) Нефтепромысловый: submerged turret production (The STP system is a unique, innovative and flexible turret mooring system for floating production and offtake vessels (FPSO) making it suitable for a wide range of applications.)31) Образование: Self Test Problem, Summer Training Program32) Инвестиции: specialized tender panel33) Сетевые технологии: Shielded Twisted Pair, Signaling Transfer Point, Spanning Tree Protocol, shielded twisted-pair, пункт передачи сигнала, синхронное приёмо-передающее устройство, экранированная витая пара34) Полимеры: Special Technical Publication35) Программирование: план тестирования программного обеспечения (см. software test plan)36) Контроль качества: system test plan, system test procedure37) Океанография: Science and Technology Policy38) Сахалин Ю: sanitary treatment plant39) Общая лексика: scientifically treated petroleum40) Химическое оружие: Software Test Plan, Standing Test Procedure41) Расширение файла: ISO-10303 STEP product data, Secure Transfer Protocol, Signal Transfer Point, Synchronized Transaction Processing, Shielded Twisted Pair (cable)42) Нефть и газ: (сокр. от) surface treatment pressure = давление обработки ( ГРП) на поверхности, поверхностное давление обработки (ГРП), Senior Toolpusher43) Водоснабжение: трифосфат натрия (sodium tri-phosphate Na5P3O10)44) Фантастика Stone Temple Pilots45) Чат: See The People -
86 sip
1) Общая лексика: Service Information Portal (позволяет поставщикам услуг быстро создавать и настраивать под конкретного клиента информационные виды данных о функционировании каждой используемой им услуги в виде сетевого портала. Поставщик услуг определяет содержа), Shareholder Investment Program (Procter & Gamble)2) Компьютерная техника: Software Input Panel3) Медицина: sterilization in place4) Американизм: Special Interest Program, Standards In Practice5) Спорт: Stay In Play6) Военный термин: SACLANT intelligence plan, Support Incident Pack, System Enhancement Program, satellite information processor, security inspection program, standard inspection procedure, supersonic infantry projectile, supply improvement program7) Техника: Shelter implementation plan, Stay-in-Place, Swedish international project, safety injection pump, satellite inspector program, scientific instrument package, separation instrument package, short irregular pulses, specific input power, sputter ion plating, sputter-ion pump, strain isolation pad, strongly implicit procedure, system initialization program, sterilize in place8) Сельское хозяйство: Seasonal Irrigation Program9) Химия: Форма идентификации вещества (Сокращение от: SUBSTANCE IDENTIFICATION PROFILE (регистрация веществ согласно регламента REACH, обмен информацией и индентификация веществ в рамках SIEF))10) Юридический термин: Semiconductor Intellectual Property, Shooting Is Pointless11) Бухгалтерия: Sales Inventory Purchase12) Финансы: strategic investment program, страховой полис поставщика (Supplier Insurance Policy), Systemic Investment Plan13) Биржевой термин: Standard Investment Planning14) Грубое выражение: Seasonal Idiot Pass, Shit In Pants, Sin In Pants15) Телекоммуникации: SMDS Interface Protocol, Service Interface Point16) Сокращение: Secondary Improvement Programme, Segment Interface Protocol, Single In-line Package (RAM chip), Sonar Information Processor, Standard Information Package, Surface Impact Propulsion, System Improvement Program, System Improvement Programme, ship in place17) Университет: Spring Intensive Program, Student Information Portal, Student Initiated Project18) Физика: Simulations In Physics19) Электроника: Single Inline Package20) Вычислительная техника: Simulated Input Processor, Symbolic Input Program, single in-line package, Session Initiation Protocol (IETF, VOIP, ENUM), SCSI-3 Interlocked Protocol (SAM), SMDS Interface Protocol (SMDS), SCSI-3 interlocked protocol, single-in-line package, Software Isolated Process, корпус с однорядным расположением выводом21) Нефть: shut-in pressure, давление при закрытом устье скважины (shut-in pressure), Social Infrastructure Projects22) Связь: Session Initiating Protocol23) Транспорт: Side Impact Protection, The Subaru Information Pages24) Пищевая промышленность: стерилизация без разбора (Sterilisation in Place)25) Экология: state implementation plan, study of interplanetary phenomena26) Деловая лексика: Sale In Progress, Submission Information Package27) Производство: внутризаводской запас (продукции, деталей)28) Образование: School Improvement Plan, Schools Integration Project, Social Interactive Playtime29) Сетевые технологии: Session Initialization Protocol, System Interface Procedure, service identification packet, пакет идентификации службы, протокол инициации сеанса (session initiation protocol), протокол SIP, протокол создания сеанса связи30) Полимеры: stress-induced plasticization31) Сахалин Ю: security introduction program32) Химическое оружие: safe interval prediction33) Расширение файла: Session Initiation Protocol34) Нефть и газ: static pressure, well shut-in pressure, (сокр. от) selective inflow performance = поинтервальная характеристика притока35) Печатные платы: плоский корпус с однорядным расположением выводов36) Фармация: Steam in Place37) Правительство: School Improvement Program, Systematic Investment Plan38) Аэропорты: Simferopol, Ukraine40) Программное обеспечение: Self Initiated Program41) ГОСТ: signal input part (IEC 60601-1, ed. 3.0 (2005-12)) -
87 stp
1) Общая лексика: hum. сокр. Sulfate Transport Protein, simplified technical proposal (ADB), sewage treatment plant (SEIC), Standard Plan2) Компьютерная техника: Secret Tweeker Pad, Straight Through Processing, Straight To Paper4) Медицина: signal transduction protein, стандартная процедура анализа5) Спорт: Scenario Tables Pool, Smothers Tackles Punches6) Военный термин: SAGE system training program, Segmentation Targeting And Positioning, Segmenting Targeting And Positioning, Service Transformation Project, Short Term Project, Site Transition Plan, scientific and technical potential, security technology program, selection and test plan, simultaneous track processor, soldier training publication, space test program, standard test procedure, standardized test program, strategic target planning, subsystem test plan, systems training program7) Техника: satellite tracking program, short-term program, shuttle test program, space-time processor, standard test procedures, surveillance test procedure, паротурбинная установка, steam turbine plant8) Шутливое выражение: Stomp The Petroleum9) Химия: Standard Temperature And Pressure10) Религия: Serenity Tranquillity And Peace, Study, Teach, Pray11) Юридический термин: Stuffing The Pipe12) Ветеринария: Society of Toxicologic Pathology13) Грубое выражение: Stupid Tubby Principal14) Музыка: Stones Touring Party15) Оптика: standard thermal profile16) Телекоммуникации: Service Traffic Position, Services Transaction Program (IBM), Signal Transfer Point (SS7)17) Сокращение: Security Test Plan, Sensor Track Processor, Shielded Twisted Pairs, Short term plan, Signaling Transfer Point (network), Software Through Pictures, Soldiers Training Publication, Space Test Payload / Program (USA), Status Test Panel, Systems Technology Programme, stamp18) Университет: Sanctae Theologiae Professor, Student Top Performance19) Физиология: Standard temperature and pulse, Sulfate Transport Protein20) Вычислительная техника: Selective Tape Print, Software Testing Program, System Training Program, shielded twisted-pair wiring, Service Transaction Program (IBM), Spanning Tree Protocol (IEEE 802.1), Signaling Transfer Point (IN), Shielded Twisted Pair (Telecom, Networking), Shielded Twisted Pair (cable, TP), Standard Temperature and Pressure (see)21) Нефть: sanitary treatment package, нормальные температура и давление (standard temperature and pressure), процедура проверки системы (system test procedure)22) Космонавтика: Standard Temperative and Pressure23) Банковское дело: специализированная панель предложения (specialized tender panel), сквозная обработка транзакций (straight through processing)24) Геофизика: стандартная температура и давление25) Транспорт: Sailing To Philadelphia, Seattle To Portland, Surface Transportation Program26) Фирменный знак: Software Technology Park27) СМИ: Stop The Presses28) Деловая лексика: Same Ten People, Small Team Project, Strategic Technology Planning29) Бурение: нормальные условия (standard temperature and pressure; О град. С и 760 мм рт. ст.)30) Нефтепромысловый: submerged turret production (The STP system is a unique, innovative and flexible turret mooring system for floating production and offtake vessels (FPSO) making it suitable for a wide range of applications.)31) Образование: Self Test Problem, Summer Training Program32) Инвестиции: specialized tender panel33) Сетевые технологии: Shielded Twisted Pair, Signaling Transfer Point, Spanning Tree Protocol, shielded twisted-pair, пункт передачи сигнала, синхронное приёмо-передающее устройство, экранированная витая пара34) Полимеры: Special Technical Publication35) Программирование: план тестирования программного обеспечения (см. software test plan)36) Контроль качества: system test plan, system test procedure37) Океанография: Science and Technology Policy38) Сахалин Ю: sanitary treatment plant39) Общая лексика: scientifically treated petroleum40) Химическое оружие: Software Test Plan, Standing Test Procedure41) Расширение файла: ISO-10303 STEP product data, Secure Transfer Protocol, Signal Transfer Point, Synchronized Transaction Processing, Shielded Twisted Pair (cable)42) Нефть и газ: (сокр. от) surface treatment pressure = давление обработки ( ГРП) на поверхности, поверхностное давление обработки (ГРП), Senior Toolpusher43) Водоснабжение: трифосфат натрия (sodium tri-phosphate Na5P3O10)44) Фантастика Stone Temple Pilots45) Чат: See The People -
88 PASS
1) Компьютерная техника: Print Analyzer Savings Solutions3) Американизм: Post Approval Surveillance System, Procurement Automated Source System, Proof Of Age Standards Scheme5) Военный термин: PACOM ADP Server Site, PACOM IPAC Intelligence Computer System Analyst Support System, Photo Interpretation Analyst Support System, parked aircraft sentry system, passive aircraft surveillance system, patrol advanced surveillance system, penetration aids/strike system, position and surveying system, precision angulation and support system, pressurized air start system, prototype artillery subsystem6) Техника: Personal Alert Safety System, post-accident sampling system, precision auto collimating solar sensor, programmed access/security system7) Юридический термин: Peer Assistance Support Scheme8) Статистика: Power Analysis and Sample Size9) Автомобильный термин: personalized automotive security system10) Грубое выражение: Polite And So Sexy11) Радио: Pressures Applications Solenoids Sensors12) Сокращение: Passive & Active Sensor Subsystem, Postal Application and Scheduling System (2001, employment test system), passage, passenger, Personal Access Satellite System (NASA)13) Университет: Patron Satisfaction Survey, Program And Semester Switch14) Физиология: Post Abortion Stress Syndrome15) Школьное выражение: Princeton Alternative Secondary School16) Экология: Programmable Atmospheric Sampling Control17) Образование: Parents Assuring Student Success, Partners At School Sharing, Partnership For Achieving Student Success, Peer Assisted Study Session, Practice Assessment Strengthen Skills, Preparatory Academic Skills For Students, Preventing Alcohol Sales To Students, Profile Of Achievement And School Success, Program For Academic Skills And Success, Program For Academic Student Success, Project Attendance For Secondary Schools, Pull Aim Squeeze And Sweep18) Должность: Professional Airways System Specialist19) НАСА: Primary Avionics Software System -
89 pass
1) Компьютерная техника: Print Analyzer Savings Solutions3) Американизм: Post Approval Surveillance System, Procurement Automated Source System, Proof Of Age Standards Scheme5) Военный термин: PACOM ADP Server Site, PACOM IPAC Intelligence Computer System Analyst Support System, Photo Interpretation Analyst Support System, parked aircraft sentry system, passive aircraft surveillance system, patrol advanced surveillance system, penetration aids/strike system, position and surveying system, precision angulation and support system, pressurized air start system, prototype artillery subsystem6) Техника: Personal Alert Safety System, post-accident sampling system, precision auto collimating solar sensor, programmed access/security system7) Юридический термин: Peer Assistance Support Scheme8) Статистика: Power Analysis and Sample Size9) Автомобильный термин: personalized automotive security system10) Грубое выражение: Polite And So Sexy11) Радио: Pressures Applications Solenoids Sensors12) Сокращение: Passive & Active Sensor Subsystem, Postal Application and Scheduling System (2001, employment test system), passage, passenger, Personal Access Satellite System (NASA)13) Университет: Patron Satisfaction Survey, Program And Semester Switch14) Физиология: Post Abortion Stress Syndrome15) Школьное выражение: Princeton Alternative Secondary School16) Экология: Programmable Atmospheric Sampling Control17) Образование: Parents Assuring Student Success, Partners At School Sharing, Partnership For Achieving Student Success, Peer Assisted Study Session, Practice Assessment Strengthen Skills, Preparatory Academic Skills For Students, Preventing Alcohol Sales To Students, Profile Of Achievement And School Success, Program For Academic Skills And Success, Program For Academic Student Success, Project Attendance For Secondary Schools, Pull Aim Squeeze And Sweep18) Должность: Professional Airways System Specialist19) НАСА: Primary Avionics Software System -
90 director
начальник (управления, службы, отдела) ; руководитель; директор; ( центральный) прибор управления огнем; прибор управления артиллерийским зенитным огнем, ПУАЗО; целеуказатель; оператор наведения; пункт [самолет, корабль] наведения; ретранслятор; буссольAssistant director, Review and Analysis — помощник начальника управления по проверке и анализу (контрактов) (МО)
Deputy CIA director, Essential Elements of Information — заместитель директора ЦРУ по постановке основных задач сбора разведывательной информации
Deputy director of Defense Research and Engineering for Administration, Evaluation and Management — заместитель начальника управления НИОКР МО по административным вопросам, вопросам оценки и управления
Deputy director, Contract Administration Services — заместитель начальника службы по контролю за исполнением контрактов (МО)
Deputy director, Strategic and Naval Warfare Systems — заместитель начальника управления по стратегическим и морским системам оружия (МО)
Deputy director, Tactical Air and Land Warfare Systems — заместитель начальника управления по тактическим авиационным и наземным системам оружия (МО)
Deputy director, Test Facilities and Resources — заместитель начальника управления по испытательному оборудованию и ресурсам (МО)
director EW and C3 Countermeasures — начальник управления РЭБ и мер противодействия системам руководства, управления и связи (МО)
director for C3 Policy — начальник управления разработки программ руководства, управления и связи (МО)
director for Operations, Joint Staff — начальник оперативного управления объединенного штаба (КНШ)
director for Plans and Policy, Joint Staff — начальник управления планирования и строительства ВС объединенного штаба;
director of Administrative Services, Joint Staff — начальник административного управления объединенного штаба
director of Civilian Marksmanship, National Board for the Promotion of Rifle Practice — начальник управления стрелковой подготовки гражданского персонала Национального комитета содействия развитию стрелкового спорта (СВ)
director of Manning (Army) — Бр. начальник управления комплектования (СВ)
director of Research, Development, Test and Evaluation — начальник управления НИОКР, испытаний и оценок
director, Acquisition and Support Planning — начальник управления закупок (военной техники) и планирования МТО (МО)
director, Administrative Support Group — начальник группы административного обеспечения (СВ)
director, Admiralty Marine Technology Establishment — Бр. начальник управления разработки боевой техники МП
director, Admiralty Surface Weapons Establishment — Бр. начальник управления разработки систем надводного оружия ВМС
director, African Region — начальник управления стран Африки (МО)
director, Air National Guard — директор штаба НГ ВВС
director, Air Vehicles Technology — начальник управления разработки авиационных транспортных систем (МО)
director, Air Warfare — начальник управления авиационных систем оружия (МО)
director, Army Air Corps — Бр. начальник управления армейской авиации СВ
director, Army Aviation — начальник управления армейской авиации
director, Army Council of Review Boards — председатель совета СВ по контролю за деятельностью апелляционных комиссий
director, Army Medical Services — Бр. начальник медицинской службы СВ
director, Army National Guard — директор штаба НГ СВ
director, Army Programs — начальник управления разработки программ СВ
director, C3 Resources — начальник управления разработки систем руководства, управления и связи (МО)
director, Chemical Defence Establishment — Бр. директор НИЦ средств химической защиты
director, Civil Affairs — начальник управления по связям с гражданской администрацией и населением
director, Civilian Employees Security Program — начальник службы контрразведывательной проверки гражданского персонала (СВ)
director, Combat Support — начальник управления боевого обеспечения (МО)
director, Communications Systems — начальник управления систем связи (МО)
director, Contracts and Systems Acquisition — начальник управления заключения контрактов и закупок систем оружия и военной техники (МО)
director, Coordination and Analysis — начальник управления координации и анализа
director, Counterintelligence and Investigative Programs — начальник управления программ контрразведки и специальных расследований (МО)
director, Cruise Missile Systems — начальник управления систем КР (МО)
director, Defence Operational Analysis Establishment — Бр. начальник военнонаучного управления МО
director, Defense Research and Engineering — начальник управления НИОКР МО
director, Defense Sciences — начальник научно-исследовательского управления МО
director, Defense Supply Service-Washington — начальник службы снабжения зоны Вашингтона в МО
director, Defense Telephone Service-Washington — начальник телефонной службы зоны Вашингтона в МО
director, Defense Test and Evaluation — начальник управления МО по испытанию и оценке (оружия и военной техники)
director, DIA — начальник разведывательного управления МО
director, Directed Energy Programs — начальник управления программ использования направленной энергии (МО)
director, Doctrine, Organization and Training — начальник управления разработки доктрин, вопросов организации и боевой подготовки
director, DOD SALT Task Force — председатель рабочей группы МО по вопросам переговоров в рамках ОС В
director, East Asia and Pacific Region — начальник управления стран Восточной Азии и Тихого океана (МО)
director, Electronics and Physical Sciences — начальник управления по электронике и естественным наукам (МО)
director, Engineering Technology — начальник управления проектно-конструкторских работ (МО)
director, Environmental and Life Sciences — начальник управления экологических и биологических наук (МО)
director, Equipment Applications — начальник управления по изучению применения техники (в войсках)
director, Facilities Engineering — начальник инженерно-строительного управления
director, Far East/Middle East/Southern Hemisphere Affairs — начальник управления стран Дальнего Востока, Среднего Востока и Южного полушария (МО)
director, Federal Bureau of Investigation — директор ФБР
director, Field Maintenance — начальник службы полевого технического обслуживания и ремонта
director, Foreign Military Rights Affairs — начальник управления по делам прав иностранных государств в военной области (МО)
director, General Purpose Forces Policy — начальник управления разработки вопросов строительства сил общего назначения
director, Health Resources — начальник управления ресурсов здравоохранения
director, Information Processing Technique — начальник управления систем обработки информации (МО)
director, Information Security — начальник управления обеспечения секретности информации (МО)
director, Information Systems — начальник управления АИС
director, Installations — начальник управления строительства
director, Intelligence Resources — начальник управления изучения ресурсов разведки (МО)
director, Inter-American Region — начальник управления по межамериканским делам
director, International Economic Affairs — начальник управления по международным экономическим делам (МО)
director, International Military Staff — начальник международного объединенного штаба (НАТО)
director, Joint Staff — начальник секретариата объединенного штаба (КНШ)
director, Joint Tactical Communications (TRI-TAC) Program — начальник отдела работ по программе использования единой тактической системы связи (ТРИ-ТАК)
director, Judge Advocate Division — начальник отдела военно-юридической службы (МП)
director, Land Warfare — начальник управления наземных систем оружия (МО)
director, Legislative Liaison — начальник отдела по связям с законодательными органами (ВВС)
director, Legislative Reference Service — начальник справочной юридической службы (МО)
director, Major Weapon Systems Acquisition — начальник управления закупок основных систем оружия (МО)
director, Marine Corps Reserve — начальник отдела по вопросам резерва МП
director, Materiel Acquisition Policy — начальник управления разработки планов закупок оружия и военной техники (МО)
director, Materiel Requirements — начальник отдела определения потребностей в оружии и военной технике
director, Medical Plans and Resources — начальник управления ресурсов и планов медицинского обеспечения (ВВС)
director, Military Assistance Office — Бр. начальник управления по оказанию военной помощи иностранным государствам (СВ)
director, Military Survey — Бр. начальник топографического управления (СВ)
director, Military Technology — начальник управления военной технологии (МО)
director, Military Vehicles and Engineering Establishment — Бр. начальник управления БМ и инженерной техники
director, National Intelligence Systems — начальник управления национальных систем разведки (МО)
director, NATO/European Affairs — начальник управления по делам НАТО и стран Европы (МО)
director, Naval Laboratories — начальник управления научно-исследовательских лабораторий ВМС
director, Near Eastern and South Asian Region — начальник управления стран Ближнего Востока и Южной Азии (МО)
director, Negotiations Policy — начальник управления разработки планов ведения переговоров (МО)
director, Net Assessment — начальник управления всесторонней оценки программ (МО)
director, NSA — директор АНБ
director, Offensive and Space Systems — начальник управления космических средств и систем наступательного оружия (МО)
director, Office of Congressional Travel/Security Clearances — начальник отдела организации поездок членов Конгресса и оформления допуска к секретным материалам (МО)
director, Office of Dependents Schools — начальник отдела по вопросам воспитания и образования детей военнослужащих (МО)
director, Office of Research and Administration — начальник управления НИР и административного обеспечения (МО)
director, Operations — начальник оперативного управления [отдела]
director, Personnel and Employment Service-Washington — начальник отдела кадров для гражданских служащих зоны Вашингтона (СВ)
director, Personnel Council — председатель совета по делам ЛС (ВВС)
director, Personnel Plans — начальник управления планирования подготовки ЛС (ВВС)
director, Personnel Programs — начальник управления разработки программ использования ЛС (ВВС)
director, Planning and Health Policy Analysis — начальник управления планирования и развития здравоохранения (МО)
director, Planning and Requirements Review — начальник управления планирования и анализа потребностей (МО)
director, Planning — начальник управления планирования (МО)
director, Plans and Programs — начальник управления разработки планов и программ
director, Policy Research — начальник управления политических исследований (МО)
director, Program Control and Administration — начальник управления по административным вопросам и контролю за выполнением программ
director, Program Management — начальник управления по руководству разработкой программ (МО)
director, R&D and Procurement — начальник отдела НИОКР и заготовок
director, Religious Education — руководитель отделения [секции] религиозного образования (СВ)
director, Resource Management Office — начальник отдела управления ресурсами (СВ)
director, Royal Aircraft Establishment — Бр. директор НИЦ авиационной техники
director, Royal Armament R&D Establishment — Бр. директор НИЦ вооружений
director, Royal Armored Corps — Бр. начальник бронетанковых войск
director, Royal Artillery — Бр. начальник артиллерийского управления
director, Royal Signals and Radar Establishments — Бр. директор НИЦ средств связи и РЛ техники
director, SALT/Arms Control Support Group — начальник группы обеспечения переговоров в рамках ОСВ по контролю над вооружениями
director, Security Assistance Plans and Programs — начальник управления разработки планов и программ военной помощи иностранным государствам
director, Security Plans and Programs — начальник управления разработки планов и программ обеспечения безопасности (МО)
director, Space Activities Office — начальник управления космических программ (МО)
director, Space and Building Management Service-Washington — начальник службы эксплуатации объектов зоны Вашингтона (СВ)
director, Space Systems — начальник управления космических систем (ВВС)
director, Special Projects — начальник управления специальных проектов (МО)
director, Special Studies — начальник управления специальных НИР
director, Special Weapons — начальник управления специальных видов оружия
director, Strategic and Theater C2 Systems — начальник управления разработки систем руководства и управления ВС в стратегическом масштабе и на ТВД
director, Strategic Forces Policy — начальник управления разработки вопросов развития стратегических сил
director, Strategic Planning — начальник отдела стратегического планирования
director, Strategic Plans — начальник отдела стратегического планирования
director, Strategic Policy — начальник управления разработки стратегических проблем (МО)
director, Strategic Technology — начальник управления разработки стратегических систем оружия (МО)
director, Studies and Analyses Staff — начальник отдела исследований и анализа (СВ)
director, Surveillance and Warning — начальник управления систем наблюдения и оповещения (МО)
director, Tactical Intelligence Systems — начальник управления тактических систем разведки (МО)
director, Tactical Technology — начальник управления разработки тактических систем оружия (МО)
director, Technology and Arms Transfer Policy — начальник управления разработки основ передачи военной технологии и вооружений
director, Technology Trade — начальник управления по торговым операциям в области технологии
director, Territorial Army and Cadets — Бр. начальник управления территориальной армии и кадетских организаций
director, Theater Nuclear Force Policy — начальник управления разработки программ развития ядерных сил на ТВД
director, Underwater Weapons Projects — Бр. начальник отдела разработки проектов подводного оружия
director, USAF Judiciary — начальник отдела судопроизводства ВВС США
director, Washington Headquarters Services — начальник административноштабной службы зоны Вашингтона
director, Weapons (Production) — Бр. начальник управления по производству систем оружия
director, Women's RAF — Бр. начальник женской вспомогательной службы ВВС
director, Women's Royal Naval Service — Бр. начальник женской вспомогательной службы ВМС
Executive director, Industrial Security — начальник управления обеспечения сохранения военной тайны на промышленных предприятиях (МО)
Executive director, Quality Assurance — начальник управления обеспечения качества (продукции МО)
Executive director, Technical and Logistics Services — начальник управления служб МТО (МО)
Managing director, Royal Ordnance Factories — Бр. начальник управления военных заводов
Principal director Office of the Deputy Under-Secretary, Policy Planning — начальник управления [первый помощник заместителя МО] по планированию военно-политических программ
Staff director, Installation Services and Environmental Protection — начальник управления обслуживания объектов и защиты окружающей среды (МО)
Staff director, Management Review — начальник управления анализа организационных проблем (МО)
Staff director, Small and Disadvantaged Business Utilization — начальник управления по связям с мелкими и льготными предприятиями (МО)
Vice director, Management and Operations Defense Intelligence Agency — первый заместитель начальника разведывательного управления МО по вопросам руководства операциями
— fire control director -
91 SPM
1) Компьютерная техника: System Performance Monitor2) Американизм: Suspended Parliamentary Matter3) Военный термин: Sleep/ Performance Model, Sound Powered Microphone, Special Purpose Machine, Special Purpose Material, self-propelled mount, shots per minute, standard payload module, standard procedure manual, subsystems project manager, support program management, systems program manager, самоходный миномёт (self-propelled mortar)4) Техника: single-particle model, small power module, solar power module, ВПУ (Single Point Mooring - Выносное Причальное Устройство), Метод ударных импульсов (для диагностики состояния подшипников) (Shock Pulse Method)6) Юридический термин: Sanction Penalty Month, South Park Mexicans7) Металлургия: Supermetallic8) Музыка: Speed Phase And Music9) Оптика: scanning probe microscopy10) Телекоммуникации: Space Switch Module11) Сокращение: Self-Propelled Mortar, Somali Patriotic Movement, System Program Management, security policy model, Scratch-Pad Memory, Software Performance Monitor, standard penetration test12) Физика: Scanning Probe Microscope13) Электроника: Small Perturbation Method, Solar Proton Monitor14) Вычислительная техника: Source Program Maintenance, System Performance Monitor (IBM), Session Protocol Machine (OSI, ISO 8327)15) Нефть: shots per meter, six-point mooring16) Экология: ВЧ, взвешенные частицы, масса взвешенных частиц, частицы во взвешенном состоянии17) Бурение: stroke per minute18) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: число ходов (насоса) в минуту, typical single point mooring (CALM technology), typical single point mooring (SALM technology)19) Нефтегазовая техника выносной точечный причал20) Сетевые технологии: Service Provider Multiplexer, Session Protocol Machine21) Программирование: Set Program Mask22) Автоматика: spindle motor, square-loop pallet magazine23) Сахалин Р: Typical Single Point Mooring CALM Technology, single point mooring, strokes per minute24) Океанография: Suspended Particulate Matter25) Химическое оружие: System Program Manager, site project manager26) Расширение файла: WordPerfect Data, System Performance Monitor (IBM)27) Нефть и газ: SmartPlant Materials (электронная онлайн-система закупок, учета и планирования материалов), ТРП, выносное причальное устройство, точечный рейдовый причал, точечный способ швартовки крупнотоннажных судов, ELSBM, SBM, exposed location SBM, single buoy mooring, точечный способ швартовки, швартовка к одиночному бую28) Каспий: single-point buoy mooring29) Фармация: Study Procedures Manual30) Нанотехнологии: СЗМ, сканирующий зондовый микроскоп, сканирующая зондовая микроскопия31) НАСА: Security Program Manager, Software Programmers Manual, Software Project Management, Sun Photometer32) Программное обеспечение: Software Process Measurement, Source Package Module33) Единицы измерений: Sheets Per Minute, Syllables Per Minute -
92 Spm
1) Компьютерная техника: System Performance Monitor2) Американизм: Suspended Parliamentary Matter3) Военный термин: Sleep/ Performance Model, Sound Powered Microphone, Special Purpose Machine, Special Purpose Material, self-propelled mount, shots per minute, standard payload module, standard procedure manual, subsystems project manager, support program management, systems program manager, самоходный миномёт (self-propelled mortar)4) Техника: single-particle model, small power module, solar power module, ВПУ (Single Point Mooring - Выносное Причальное Устройство), Метод ударных импульсов (для диагностики состояния подшипников) (Shock Pulse Method)6) Юридический термин: Sanction Penalty Month, South Park Mexicans7) Металлургия: Supermetallic8) Музыка: Speed Phase And Music9) Оптика: scanning probe microscopy10) Телекоммуникации: Space Switch Module11) Сокращение: Self-Propelled Mortar, Somali Patriotic Movement, System Program Management, security policy model, Scratch-Pad Memory, Software Performance Monitor, standard penetration test12) Физика: Scanning Probe Microscope13) Электроника: Small Perturbation Method, Solar Proton Monitor14) Вычислительная техника: Source Program Maintenance, System Performance Monitor (IBM), Session Protocol Machine (OSI, ISO 8327)15) Нефть: shots per meter, six-point mooring16) Экология: ВЧ, взвешенные частицы, масса взвешенных частиц, частицы во взвешенном состоянии17) Бурение: stroke per minute18) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: число ходов (насоса) в минуту, typical single point mooring (CALM technology), typical single point mooring (SALM technology)19) Нефтегазовая техника выносной точечный причал20) Сетевые технологии: Service Provider Multiplexer, Session Protocol Machine21) Программирование: Set Program Mask22) Автоматика: spindle motor, square-loop pallet magazine23) Сахалин Р: Typical Single Point Mooring CALM Technology, single point mooring, strokes per minute24) Океанография: Suspended Particulate Matter25) Химическое оружие: System Program Manager, site project manager26) Расширение файла: WordPerfect Data, System Performance Monitor (IBM)27) Нефть и газ: SmartPlant Materials (электронная онлайн-система закупок, учета и планирования материалов), ТРП, выносное причальное устройство, точечный рейдовый причал, точечный способ швартовки крупнотоннажных судов, ELSBM, SBM, exposed location SBM, single buoy mooring, точечный способ швартовки, швартовка к одиночному бую28) Каспий: single-point buoy mooring29) Фармация: Study Procedures Manual30) Нанотехнологии: СЗМ, сканирующий зондовый микроскоп, сканирующая зондовая микроскопия31) НАСА: Security Program Manager, Software Programmers Manual, Software Project Management, Sun Photometer32) Программное обеспечение: Software Process Measurement, Source Package Module33) Единицы измерений: Sheets Per Minute, Syllables Per Minute -
93 spm
1) Компьютерная техника: System Performance Monitor2) Американизм: Suspended Parliamentary Matter3) Военный термин: Sleep/ Performance Model, Sound Powered Microphone, Special Purpose Machine, Special Purpose Material, self-propelled mount, shots per minute, standard payload module, standard procedure manual, subsystems project manager, support program management, systems program manager, самоходный миномёт (self-propelled mortar)4) Техника: single-particle model, small power module, solar power module, ВПУ (Single Point Mooring - Выносное Причальное Устройство), Метод ударных импульсов (для диагностики состояния подшипников) (Shock Pulse Method)6) Юридический термин: Sanction Penalty Month, South Park Mexicans7) Металлургия: Supermetallic8) Музыка: Speed Phase And Music9) Оптика: scanning probe microscopy10) Телекоммуникации: Space Switch Module11) Сокращение: Self-Propelled Mortar, Somali Patriotic Movement, System Program Management, security policy model, Scratch-Pad Memory, Software Performance Monitor, standard penetration test12) Физика: Scanning Probe Microscope13) Электроника: Small Perturbation Method, Solar Proton Monitor14) Вычислительная техника: Source Program Maintenance, System Performance Monitor (IBM), Session Protocol Machine (OSI, ISO 8327)15) Нефть: shots per meter, six-point mooring16) Экология: ВЧ, взвешенные частицы, масса взвешенных частиц, частицы во взвешенном состоянии17) Бурение: stroke per minute18) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: число ходов (насоса) в минуту, typical single point mooring (CALM technology), typical single point mooring (SALM technology)19) Нефтегазовая техника выносной точечный причал20) Сетевые технологии: Service Provider Multiplexer, Session Protocol Machine21) Программирование: Set Program Mask22) Автоматика: spindle motor, square-loop pallet magazine23) Сахалин Р: Typical Single Point Mooring CALM Technology, single point mooring, strokes per minute24) Океанография: Suspended Particulate Matter25) Химическое оружие: System Program Manager, site project manager26) Расширение файла: WordPerfect Data, System Performance Monitor (IBM)27) Нефть и газ: SmartPlant Materials (электронная онлайн-система закупок, учета и планирования материалов), ТРП, выносное причальное устройство, точечный рейдовый причал, точечный способ швартовки крупнотоннажных судов, ELSBM, SBM, exposed location SBM, single buoy mooring, точечный способ швартовки, швартовка к одиночному бую28) Каспий: single-point buoy mooring29) Фармация: Study Procedures Manual30) Нанотехнологии: СЗМ, сканирующий зондовый микроскоп, сканирующая зондовая микроскопия31) НАСА: Security Program Manager, Software Programmers Manual, Software Project Management, Sun Photometer32) Программное обеспечение: Software Process Measurement, Source Package Module33) Единицы измерений: Sheets Per Minute, Syllables Per Minute -
94 Bibliography
■ Aitchison, J. (1987). Noam Chomsky: Consensus and controversy. New York: Falmer Press.■ Anderson, J. R. (1980). Cognitive psychology and its implications. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman.■ Anderson, J. R. (1983). The architecture of cognition. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.■ Anderson, J. R. (1995). Cognitive psychology and its implications (4th ed.). New York: W. H. Freeman.■ Archilochus (1971). In M. L. West (Ed.), Iambi et elegi graeci (Vol. 1). Oxford: Oxford University Press.■ Armstrong, D. M. (1990). The causal theory of the mind. In W. G. Lycan (Ed.), Mind and cognition: A reader (pp. 37-47). Cambridge, MA: Basil Blackwell. (Originally published in 1981 in The nature of mind and other essays, Ithaca, NY: University Press).■ Atkins, P. W. (1992). Creation revisited. Oxford: W. H. Freeman & Company.■ Austin, J. L. (1962). How to do things with words. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.■ Bacon, F. (1878). Of the proficience and advancement of learning divine and human. In The works of Francis Bacon (Vol. 1). Cambridge, MA: Hurd & Houghton.■ Bacon, R. (1928). Opus majus (Vol. 2). R. B. Burke (Trans.). Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press.■ Bar-Hillel, Y. (1960). The present status of automatic translation of languages. In F. L. Alt (Ed.), Advances in computers (Vol. 1). New York: Academic Press.■ Barr, A., & E. A. Feigenbaum (Eds.) (1981). The handbook of artificial intelligence (Vol. 1). Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.■ Barr, A., & E. A. Feigenbaum (Eds.) (1982). The handbook of artificial intelligence (Vol. 2). Los Altos, CA: William Kaufman.■ Barron, F. X. (1963). The needs for order and for disorder as motives in creative activity. In C. W. Taylor & F. X. Barron (Eds.), Scientific creativity: Its rec ognition and development (pp. 153-160). New York: Wiley.■ Bartlett, F. C. (1932). Remembering: A study in experimental and social psychology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.■ Bartley, S. H. (1969). Principles of perception. London: Harper & Row.■ Barzun, J. (1959). The house of intellect. New York: Harper & Row.■ Beach, F. A., D. O. Hebb, C. T. Morgan & H. W. Nissen (Eds.) (1960). The neu ropsychology of Lashley. New York: McGraw-Hill.■ Berkeley, G. (1996). Principles of human knowledge: Three Dialogues. Oxford: Oxford University Press. (Originally published in 1710.)■ Berlin, I. (1953). The hedgehog and the fox: An essay on Tolstoy's view of history. NY: Simon & Schuster.■ Bierwisch, J. (1970). Semantics. In J. Lyons (Ed.), New horizons in linguistics. Baltimore: Penguin Books.■ Black, H. C. (1951). Black's law dictionary. St. Paul, MN: West Publishing.■ Bloom, A. (1981). The linguistic shaping of thought: A study in the impact of language on thinking in China and the West. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.■ Bobrow, D. G., & D. A. Norman (1975). Some principles of memory schemata. In D. G. Bobrow & A. Collins (Eds.), Representation and understanding: Stud ies in Cognitive Science (pp. 131-149). New York: Academic Press.■ Boden, M. A. (1977). Artificial intelligence and natural man. New York: Basic Books.■ Boden, M. A. (1981). Minds and mechanisms. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.■ Boden, M. A. (1990a). The creative mind: Myths and mechanisms. London: Cardinal.■ Boden, M. A. (1990b). The philosophy of artificial intelligence. Oxford: Oxford University Press.■ Boden, M. A. (1994). Precis of The creative mind: Myths and mechanisms. Behavioral and brain sciences 17, 519-570.■ Boden, M. (1996). Creativity. In M. Boden (Ed.), Artificial Intelligence (2nd ed.). San Diego: Academic Press.■ Bolter, J. D. (1984). Turing's man: Western culture in the computer age. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press.■ Bolton, N. (1972). The psychology of thinking. London: Methuen.■ Bourne, L. E. (1973). Some forms of cognition: A critical analysis of several papers. In R. Solso (Ed.), Contemporary issues in cognitive psychology (pp. 313324). Loyola Symposium on Cognitive Psychology (Chicago 1972). Washington, DC: Winston.■ Bransford, J. D., N. S. McCarrell, J. J. Franks & K. E. Nitsch (1977). Toward unexplaining memory. In R. Shaw & J. D. Bransford (Eds.), Perceiving, acting, and knowing (pp. 431-466). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.■ Breger, L. (1981). Freud's unfinished journey. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.■ Brehmer, B. (1986). In one word: Not from experience. In H. R. Arkes & K. Hammond (Eds.), Judgment and decision making: An interdisciplinary reader (pp. 705-719). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.■ Bresnan, J. (1978). A realistic transformational grammar. In M. Halle, J. Bresnan & G. A. Miller (Eds.), Linguistic theory and psychological reality (pp. 1-59). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.■ Brislin, R. W., W. J. Lonner & R. M. Thorndike (Eds.) (1973). Cross- cultural research methods. New York: Wiley.■ Bronowski, J. (1977). A sense of the future: Essays in natural philosophy. P. E. Ariotti with R. Bronowski (Eds.). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.■ Bronowski, J. (1978). The origins of knowledge and imagination. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.■ Brown, R. O. (1973). A first language: The early stages. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.■ Brown, T. (1970). Lectures on the philosophy of the human mind. In R. Brown (Ed.), Between Hume and Mill: An anthology of British philosophy- 1749- 1843 (pp. 330-387). New York: Random House/Modern Library.■ Bruner, J. S., J. Goodnow & G. Austin (1956). A study of thinking. New York: Wiley.■ Calvin, W. H. (1990). The cerebral symphony: Seashore reflections on the structure of consciousness. New York: Bantam.■ Campbell, J. (1982). Grammatical man: Information, entropy, language, and life. New York: Simon & Schuster.■ Campbell, J. (1989). The improbable machine. New York: Simon & Schuster.■ Carlyle, T. (1966). On heroes, hero- worship and the heroic in history. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press. (Originally published in 1841.)■ Carnap, R. (1959). The elimination of metaphysics through logical analysis of language [Ueberwindung der Metaphysik durch logische Analyse der Sprache]. In A. J. Ayer (Ed.), Logical positivism (pp. 60-81) A. Pap (Trans). New York: Free Press. (Originally published in 1932.)■ Cassirer, E. (1946). Language and myth. New York: Harper and Brothers. Reprinted. New York: Dover Publications, 1953.■ Cattell, R. B., & H. J. Butcher (1970). Creativity and personality. In P. E. Vernon (Ed.), Creativity. Harmondsworth, England: Penguin Books.■ Caudill, M., & C. Butler (1990). Naturally intelligent systems. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press/Bradford Books.■ Chandrasekaran, B. (1990). What kind of information processing is intelligence? A perspective on AI paradigms and a proposal. In D. Partridge & R. Wilks (Eds.), The foundations of artificial intelligence: A sourcebook (pp. 14-46). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.■ Charniak, E., & McDermott, D. (1985). Introduction to artificial intelligence. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.■ Chase, W. G., & H. A. Simon (1988). The mind's eye in chess. In A. Collins & E. E. Smith (Eds.), Readings in cognitive science: A perspective from psychology and artificial intelligence (pp. 461-493). San Mateo, CA: Kaufmann.■ Cheney, D. L., & R. M. Seyfarth (1990). How monkeys see the world: Inside the mind of another species. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.■ Chi, M.T.H., R. Glaser & E. Rees (1982). Expertise in problem solving. In R. J. Sternberg (Ed.), Advances in the psychology of human intelligence (pp. 7-73). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.■ Chomsky, N. (1957). Syntactic structures. The Hague: Mouton. Janua Linguarum.■ Chomsky, N. (1964). A transformational approach to syntax. In J. A. Fodor & J. J. Katz (Eds.), The structure of language: Readings in the philosophy of lan guage (pp. 211-245). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.■ Chomsky, N. (1965). Aspects of the theory of syntax. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.■ Chomsky, N. (1972). Language and mind (enlarged ed.). New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.■ Chomsky, N. (1979). Language and responsibility. New York: Pantheon.■ Chomsky, N. (1986). Knowledge of language: Its nature, origin and use. New York: Praeger Special Studies.■ Churchland, P. (1979). Scientific realism and the plasticity of mind. New York: Cambridge University Press.■ Churchland, P. M. (1989). A neurocomputational perspective: The nature of mind and the structure of science. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.■ Churchland, P. S. (1986). Neurophilosophy. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press/Bradford Books.■ Clark, A. (1996). Philosophical Foundations. In M. A. Boden (Ed.), Artificial in telligence (2nd ed.). San Diego: Academic Press.■ Clark, H. H., & T. B. Carlson (1981). Context for comprehension. In J. Long & A. Baddeley (Eds.), Attention and performance (Vol. 9, pp. 313-330). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.■ Clarke, A. C. (1984). Profiles of the future: An inquiry into the limits of the possible. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.■ Claxton, G. (1980). Cognitive psychology: A suitable case for what sort of treatment? In G. Claxton (Ed.), Cognitive psychology: New directions (pp. 1-25). London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.■ Code, M. (1985). Order and organism. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.■ Collingwood, R. G. (1972). The idea of history. New York: Oxford University Press.■ Coopersmith, S. (1967). The antecedents of self- esteem. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman.■ Copland, A. (1952). Music and imagination. London: Oxford University Press.■ Coren, S. (1994). The intelligence of dogs. New York: Bantam Books.■ Cottingham, J. (Ed.) (1996). Western philosophy: An anthology. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers.■ Cox, C. (1926). The early mental traits of three hundred geniuses. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.■ Craik, K.J.W. (1943). The nature of explanation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.■ Cronbach, L. J. (1990). Essentials of psychological testing (5th ed.). New York: HarperCollins.■ Cronbach, L. J., & R. E. Snow (1977). Aptitudes and instructional methods. New York: Irvington. Paperback edition, 1981.■ Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1993). The evolving self. New York: Harper Perennial.■ Culler, J. (1976). Ferdinand de Saussure. New York: Penguin Books.■ Curtius, E. R. (1973). European literature and the Latin Middle Ages. W. R. Trask (Trans.). Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.■ D'Alembert, J.L.R. (1963). Preliminary discourse to the encyclopedia of Diderot. R. N. Schwab (Trans.). Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill.■ Dampier, W. C. (1966). A history of modern science. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.■ Darwin, C. (1911). The life and letters of Charles Darwin (Vol. 1). Francis Darwin (Ed.). New York: Appleton.■ Davidson, D. (1970) Mental events. In L. Foster & J. W. Swanson (Eds.), Experience and theory (pp. 79-101). Amherst: University of Massachussetts Press.■ Davies, P. (1995). About time: Einstein's unfinished revolution. New York: Simon & Schuster/Touchstone.■ Davis, R., & J. J. King (1977). An overview of production systems. In E. Elcock & D. Michie (Eds.), Machine intelligence 8. Chichester, England: Ellis Horwood.■ Davis, R., & D. B. Lenat (1982). Knowledge- based systems in artificial intelligence. New York: McGraw-Hill.■ Dawkins, R. (1982). The extended phenotype: The gene as the unit of selection. Oxford: W. H. Freeman.■ deKleer, J., & J. S. Brown (1983). Assumptions and ambiguities in mechanistic mental models (1983). In D. Gentner & A. L. Stevens (Eds.), Mental modes (pp. 155-190). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.■ Dennett, D. C. (1978a). Brainstorms: Philosophical essays on mind and psychology. Montgomery, VT: Bradford Books.■ Dennett, D. C. (1978b). Toward a cognitive theory of consciousness. In D. C. Dennett, Brainstorms: Philosophical Essays on Mind and Psychology. Montgomery, VT: Bradford Books.■ Dennett, D. C. (1995). Darwin's dangerous idea: Evolution and the meanings of life. New York: Simon & Schuster/Touchstone.■ Descartes, R. (1897-1910). Traite de l'homme. In Oeuvres de Descartes (Vol. 11, pp. 119-215). Paris: Charles Adam & Paul Tannery. (Originally published in 1634.)■ Descartes, R. (1950). Discourse on method. L. J. Lafleur (Trans.). New York: Liberal Arts Press. (Originally published in 1637.)■ Descartes, R. (1951). Meditation on first philosophy. L. J. Lafleur (Trans.). New York: Liberal Arts Press. (Originally published in 1641.)■ Descartes, R. (1955). The philosophical works of Descartes. E. S. Haldane and G.R.T. Ross (Trans.). New York: Dover. (Originally published in 1911 by Cambridge University Press.)■ Descartes, R. (1967). Discourse on method (Pt. V). In E. S. Haldane and G.R.T. Ross (Eds.), The philosophical works of Descartes (Vol. 1, pp. 106-118). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (Originally published in 1637.)■ Descartes, R. (1970a). Discourse on method. In E. S. Haldane & G.R.T. Ross (Eds.), The philosophical works of Descartes (Vol. 1, pp. 181-200). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (Originally published in 1637.)■ Descartes, R. (1970b). Principles of philosophy. In E. S. Haldane & G.R.T. Ross (Eds.), The philosophical works of Descartes (Vol. 1, pp. 178-291). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (Originally published in 1644.)■ Descartes, R. (1984). Meditations on first philosophy. In J. Cottingham, R. Stoothoff & D. Murduch (Trans.), The philosophical works of Descartes (Vol. 2). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (Originally published in 1641.)■ Descartes, R. (1986). Meditations on first philosophy. J. Cottingham (Trans.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (Originally published in 1641 as Med itationes de prima philosophia.)■ deWulf, M. (1956). An introduction to scholastic philosophy. Mineola, NY: Dover Books.■ Dixon, N. F. (1981). Preconscious processing. London: Wiley.■ Doyle, A. C. (1986). The Boscombe Valley mystery. In Sherlock Holmes: The com plete novels and stories (Vol. 1). New York: Bantam.■ Dreyfus, H., & S. Dreyfus (1986). Mind over machine. New York: Free Press.■ Dreyfus, H. L. (1972). What computers can't do: The limits of artificial intelligence (revised ed.). New York: Harper & Row.■ Dreyfus, H. L., & S. E. Dreyfus (1986). Mind over machine: The power of human intuition and expertise in the era of the computer. New York: Free Press.■ Edelman, G. M. (1992). Bright air, brilliant fire: On the matter of the mind. New York: Basic Books.■ Ehrenzweig, A. (1967). The hidden order of art. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson.■ Einstein, A., & L. Infeld (1938). The evolution of physics. New York: Simon & Schuster.■ Eisenstein, S. (1947). Film sense. New York: Harcourt, Brace & World.■ Everdell, W. R. (1997). The first moderns. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.■ Eysenck, M. W. (1977). Human memory: Theory, research and individual difference. Oxford: Pergamon.■ Eysenck, M. W. (1982). Attention and arousal: Cognition and performance. Berlin: Springer.■ Eysenck, M. W. (1984). A handbook of cognitive psychology. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.■ Fancher, R. E. (1979). Pioneers of psychology. New York: W. W. Norton.■ Farrell, B. A. (1981). The standing of psychoanalysis. New York: Oxford University Press.■ Feldman, D. H. (1980). Beyond universals in cognitive development. Norwood, NJ: Ablex.■ Fetzer, J. H. (1996). Philosophy and cognitive science (2nd ed.). New York: Paragon House.■ Finke, R. A. (1990). Creative imagery: Discoveries and inventions in visualization. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.■ Flanagan, O. (1991). The science of the mind. Cambridge MA: MIT Press/Bradford Books.■ Fodor, J. (1983). The modularity of mind. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press/Bradford Books.■ Frege, G. (1972). Conceptual notation. T. W. Bynum (Trans.). Oxford: Clarendon Press. (Originally published in 1879.)■ Frege, G. (1979). Logic. In H. Hermes, F. Kambartel & F. Kaulbach (Eds.), Gottlob Frege: Posthumous writings. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. (Originally published in 1879-1891.)■ Freud, S. (1959). Creative writers and day-dreaming. In J. Strachey (Ed.), The standard edition of the complete psychological works of Sigmund Freud (Vol. 9, pp. 143-153). London: Hogarth Press.■ Freud, S. (1966). Project for a scientific psychology. In J. Strachey (Ed.), The stan dard edition of the complete psychological works of Sigmund Freud (Vol. 1, pp. 295-398). London: Hogarth Press. (Originally published in 1950 as Aus den AnfaЁngen der Psychoanalyse, in London by Imago Publishing.)■ Freud, S. (1976). Lecture 18-Fixation to traumas-the unconscious. In J. Strachey (Ed.), The standard edition of the complete psychological works of Sigmund Freud (Vol. 16, p. 285). London: Hogarth Press.■ Galileo, G. (1990). Il saggiatore [The assayer]. In S. Drake (Ed.), Discoveries and opinions of Galileo. New York: Anchor Books. (Originally published in 1623.)■ Gassendi, P. (1970). Letter to Descartes. In "Objections and replies." In E. S. Haldane & G.R.T. Ross (Eds.), The philosophical works of Descartes (Vol. 2, pp. 179-240). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (Originally published in 1641.)■ Gazzaniga, M. S. (1988). Mind matters: How mind and brain interact to create our conscious lives. Boston: Houghton Mifflin in association with MIT Press/Bradford Books.■ Genesereth, M. R., & N. J. Nilsson (1987). Logical foundations of artificial intelligence. Palo Alto, CA: Morgan Kaufmann.■ Ghiselin, B. (1952). The creative process. New York: Mentor.■ Ghiselin, B. (1985). The creative process. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. (Originally published in 1952.)■ Gilhooly, K. J. (1996). Thinking: Directed, undirected and creative (3rd ed.). London: Academic Press.■ Glass, A. L., K. J. Holyoak & J. L. Santa (1979). Cognition. Reading, MA: AddisonWesley.■ Goody, J. (1977). The domestication of the savage mind. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.■ Gruber, H. E. (1980). Darwin on man: A psychological study of scientific creativity (2nd ed.). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.■ Gruber, H. E., & S. Davis (1988). Inching our way up Mount Olympus: The evolving systems approach to creative thinking. In R. J. Sternberg (Ed.), The nature of creativity: Contemporary psychological perspectives. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.■ Guthrie, E. R. (1972). The psychology of learning. New York: Harper. (Originally published in 1935.)■ Habermas, J. (1972). Knowledge and human interests. Boston: Beacon Press.■ Hadamard, J. (1945). The psychology of invention in the mathematical field. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.■ Hand, D. J. (1985). Artificial intelligence and psychiatry. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.■ Harris, M. (1981). The language myth. London: Duckworth.■ Haugeland, J. (Ed.) (1981). Mind design: Philosophy, psychology, artificial intelligence. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press/Bradford Books.■ Haugeland, J. (1981a). The nature and plausibility of cognitivism. In J. Haugeland (Ed.), Mind design: Philosophy, psychology, artificial intelligence (pp. 243-281). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.■ Haugeland, J. (1981b). Semantic engines: An introduction to mind design. In J. Haugeland (Ed.), Mind design: Philosophy, psychology, artificial intelligence (pp. 1-34). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press/Bradford Books.■ Haugeland, J. (1985). Artificial intelligence: The very idea. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.■ Hawkes, T. (1977). Structuralism and semiotics. Berkeley: University of California Press.■ Hebb, D. O. (1949). The organisation of behaviour. New York: Wiley.■ Hebb, D. O. (1958). A textbook of psychology. Philadelphia: Saunders.■ Hegel, G.W.F. (1910). The phenomenology of mind. J. B. Baille (Trans.). London: Sonnenschein. (Originally published as Phaenomenologie des Geistes, 1807.)■ Heisenberg, W. (1958). Physics and philosophy. New York: Harper & Row.■ Hempel, C. G. (1966). Philosophy of natural science. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: PrenticeHall.■ Herman, A. (1997). The idea of decline in Western history. New York: Free Press.■ Herrnstein, R. J., & E. G. Boring (Eds.) (1965). A source book in the history of psy chology. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.■ Herzmann, E. (1964). Mozart's creative process. In P. H. Lang (Ed.), The creative world of Mozart (pp. 17-30). London: Oldbourne Press.■ Hilgard, E. R. (1957). Introduction to psychology. London: Methuen.■ Hobbes, T. (1651). Leviathan. London: Crooke.■ Holliday, S. G., & M. J. Chandler (1986). Wisdom: Explorations in adult competence. Basel, Switzerland: Karger.■ Horn, J. L. (1986). In R. J. Sternberg (Ed.), Advances in the psychology of human intelligence (Vol. 3). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.■ Hull, C. (1943). Principles of behavior. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts.■ Hume, D. (1955). An inquiry concerning human understanding. New York: Liberal Arts Press. (Originally published in 1748.)■ Hume, D. (1975). An enquiry concerning human understanding. In L. A. SelbyBigge (Ed.), Hume's enquiries (3rd. ed., revised P. H. Nidditch). Oxford: Clarendon. (Spelling and punctuation revised.) (Originally published in 1748.)■ Hume, D. (1978). A treatise of human nature. L. A. Selby-Bigge (Ed.), Hume's enquiries (3rd. ed., revised P. H. Nidditch). Oxford: Clarendon. (With some modifications of spelling and punctuation.) (Originally published in 1690.)■ Hunt, E. (1973). The memory we must have. In R. C. Schank & K. M. Colby (Eds.), Computer models of thought and language. (pp. 343-371) San Francisco: W. H. Freeman.■ Husserl, E. (1960). Cartesian meditations. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff.■ Inhelder, B., & J. Piaget (1958). The growth of logical thinking from childhood to adolescence. New York: Basic Books. (Originally published in 1955 as De la logique de l'enfant a` la logique de l'adolescent. [Paris: Presses Universitaire de France])■ James, W. (1890a). The principles of psychology (Vol. 1). New York: Dover Books.■ James, W. (1890b). The principles of psychology. New York: Henry Holt.■ Jevons, W. S. (1900). The principles of science (2nd ed.). London: Macmillan.■ Johnson, G. (1986). Machinery of the mind: Inside the new science of artificial intelli gence. New York: Random House.■ Johnson-Laird, P. N. (1983). Mental models: Toward a cognitive science of language, inference, and consciousness. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.■ Johnson-Laird, P. N. (1988). The computer and the mind: An introduction to cognitive science. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.■ Jones, E. (1961). The life and work of Sigmund Freud. L. Trilling & S. Marcus (Eds.). London: Hogarth.■ Jones, R. V. (1985). Complementarity as a way of life. In A. P. French & P. J. Kennedy (Eds.), Niels Bohr: A centenary volume. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.■ Kant, I. (1933). Critique of Pure Reason (2nd ed.). N. K. Smith (Trans.). London: Macmillan. (Originally published in 1781 as Kritik der reinen Vernunft.)■ Kant, I. (1891). Solution of the general problems of the Prolegomena. In E. Belfort (Trans.), Kant's Prolegomena. London: Bell. (With minor modifications.) (Originally published in 1783.)■ Katona, G. (1940). Organizing and memorizing: Studies in the psychology of learning and teaching. New York: Columbia University Press.■ Kaufman, A. S. (1979). Intelligent testing with the WISC-R. New York: Wiley.■ Koestler, A. (1964). The act of creation. New York: Arkana (Penguin).■ Kohlberg, L. (1971). From is to ought. In T. Mischel (Ed.), Cognitive development and epistemology. (pp. 151-235) New York: Academic Press.■ KoЁhler, W. (1925). The mentality of apes. New York: Liveright.■ KoЁhler, W. (1927). The mentality of apes (2nd ed.). Ella Winter (Trans.). London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.■ KoЁhler, W. (1930). Gestalt psychology. London: G. Bell.■ KoЁhler, W. (1947). Gestalt psychology. New York: Liveright.■ KoЁhler, W. (1969). The task of Gestalt psychology. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.■ Kuhn, T. (1970). The structure of scientific revolutions (2nd ed.). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.■ Langer, E. J. (1989). Mindfulness. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.■ Langer, S. (1962). Philosophical sketches. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.■ Langley, P., H. A. Simon, G. L. Bradshaw & J. M. Zytkow (1987). Scientific dis covery: Computational explorations of the creative process. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.■ Lashley, K. S. (1951). The problem of serial order in behavior. In L. A. Jeffress (Ed.), Cerebral mechanisms in behavior, the Hixon Symposium (pp. 112-146) New York: Wiley.■ LeDoux, J. E., & W. Hirst (1986). Mind and brain: Dialogues in cognitive neuroscience. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.■ Lehnert, W. (1978). The process of question answering. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.■ Leiber, J. (1991). Invitation to cognitive science. Oxford: Blackwell.■ Lenat, D. B., & G. Harris (1978). Designing a rule system that searches for scientific discoveries. In D. A. Waterman & F. Hayes-Roth (Eds.), Pattern directed inference systems (pp. 25-52) New York: Academic Press.■ Levenson, T. (1995). Measure for measure: A musical history of science. New York: Touchstone. (Originally published in 1994.)■ Leґvi-Strauss, C. (1963). Structural anthropology. C. Jacobson & B. Grundfest Schoepf (Trans.). New York: Basic Books. (Originally published in 1958.)■ Levine, M. W., & J. M. Schefner (1981). Fundamentals of sensation and perception. London: Addison-Wesley.■ Lewis, C. I. (1946). An analysis of knowledge and valuation. LaSalle, IL: Open Court.■ Lighthill, J. (1972). A report on artificial intelligence. Unpublished manuscript, Science Research Council.■ Lipman, M., A. M. Sharp & F. S. Oscanyan (1980). Philosophy in the classroom. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.■ Lippmann, W. (1965). Public opinion. New York: Free Press. (Originally published in 1922.)■ Locke, J. (1956). An essay concerning human understanding. Chicago: Henry Regnery Co. (Originally published in 1690.)■ Locke, J. (1975). An essay concerning human understanding. P. H. Nidditch (Ed.). Oxford: Clarendon. (Originally published in 1690.) (With spelling and punctuation modernized and some minor modifications of phrasing.)■ Lopate, P. (1994). The art of the personal essay. New York: Doubleday/Anchor Books.■ Lorimer, F. (1929). The growth of reason. London: Kegan Paul. Machlup, F., & U. Mansfield (Eds.) (1983). The study of information. New York: Wiley.■ Manguel, A. (1996). A history of reading. New York: Viking.■ Markey, J. F. (1928). The symbolic process. London: Kegan Paul.■ Martin, R. M. (1969). On Ziff's "Natural and formal languages." In S. Hook (Ed.), Language and philosophy: A symposium (pp. 249-263). New York: New York University Press.■ Mazlish, B. (1993). The fourth discontinuity: the co- evolution of humans and machines. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.■ McCarthy, J., & P. J. Hayes (1969). Some philosophical problems from the standpoint of artificial intelligence. In B. Meltzer & D. Michie (Eds.), Machine intelligence 4. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.■ McClelland, J. L., D. E. Rumelhart & G. E. Hinton (1986). The appeal of parallel distributed processing. In D. E. Rumelhart, J. L. McClelland & the PDP Research Group (Eds.), Parallel distributed processing: Explorations in the mi crostructure of cognition (Vol. 1, pp. 3-40). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press/ Bradford Books.■ McCorduck, P. (1979). Machines who think. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman.■ McLaughlin, T. (1970). Music and communication. London: Faber & Faber.■ Mednick, S. A. (1962). The associative basis of the creative process. Psychological Review 69, 431-436.■ Meehl, P. E., & C. J. Golden (1982). Taxometric methods. In Kendall, P. C., & Butcher, J. N. (Eds.), Handbook of research methods in clinical psychology (pp. 127-182). New York: Wiley.■ Mehler, J., E.C.T. Walker & M. Garrett (Eds.) (1982). Perspectives on mental rep resentation: Experimental and theoretical studies of cognitive processes and ca pacities. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.■ Mill, J. S. (1900). A system of logic, ratiocinative and inductive: Being a connected view of the principles of evidence and the methods of scientific investigation. London: Longmans, Green.■ Miller, G. A. (1979, June). A very personal history. Talk to the Cognitive Science Workshop, Cambridge, MA.■ Miller, J. (1983). States of mind. New York: Pantheon Books.■ Minsky, M. (1975). A framework for representing knowledge. In P. H. Winston (Ed.), The psychology of computer vision (pp. 211-277). New York: McGrawHill.■ Minsky, M., & S. Papert (1973). Artificial intelligence. Condon Lectures, Oregon State System of Higher Education, Eugene, Oregon.■ Minsky, M. L. (1986). The society of mind. New York: Simon & Schuster.■ Mischel, T. (1976). Psychological explanations and their vicissitudes. In J. K. Cole & W. J. Arnold (Eds.), Nebraska Symposium on motivation (Vol. 23). Lincoln, NB: University of Nebraska Press.■ Morford, M.P.O., & R. J. Lenardon (1995). Classical mythology (5th ed.). New York: Longman.■ Murdoch, I. (1954). Under the net. New York: Penguin.■ Nagel, E. (1959). Methodological issues in psychoanalytic theory. In S. Hook (Ed.), Psychoanalysis, scientific method, and philosophy: A symposium. New York: New York University Press.■ Nagel, T. (1979). Mortal questions. London: Cambridge University Press.■ Nagel, T. (1986). The view from nowhere. Oxford: Oxford University Press.■ Neisser, U. (1967). Cognitive psychology. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts.■ Neisser, U. (1972). Changing conceptions of imagery. In P. W. Sheehan (Ed.), The function and nature of imagery (pp. 233-251). London: Academic Press.■ Neisser, U. (1976). Cognition and reality. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman.■ Neisser, U. (1978). Memory: What are the important questions? In M. M. Gruneberg, P. E. Morris & R. N. Sykes (Eds.), Practical aspects of memory (pp. 3-24). London: Academic Press.■ Neisser, U. (1979). The concept of intelligence. In R. J. Sternberg & D. K. Detterman (Eds.), Human intelligence: Perspectives on its theory and measurement (pp. 179-190). Norwood, NJ: Ablex.■ Nersessian, N. (1992). How do scientists think? Capturing the dynamics of conceptual change in science. In R. N. Giere (Ed.), Cognitive models of science (pp. 3-44). Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.■ Newell, A. (1973a). Artificial intelligence and the concept of mind. In R. C. Schank & K. M. Colby (Eds.), Computer models of thought and language (pp. 1-60). San Francisco: W. H. Freeman.■ Newell, A. (1973b). You can't play 20 questions with nature and win. In W. G. Chase (Ed.), Visual information processing (pp. 283-310). New York: Academic Press.■ Newell, A., & H. A. Simon (1963). GPS: A program that simulates human thought. In E. A. Feigenbaum & J. Feldman (Eds.), Computers and thought (pp. 279-293). New York & McGraw-Hill.■ Newell, A., & H. A. Simon (1972). Human problem solving. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.■ Nietzsche, F. (1966). Beyond good and evil. W. Kaufmann (Trans.). New York: Vintage. (Originally published in 1885.)■ Nilsson, N. J. (1971). Problem- solving methods in artificial intelligence. New York: McGraw-Hill.■ Nussbaum, M. C. (1978). Aristotle's Princeton University Press. De Motu Anamalium. Princeton, NJ:■ Oersted, H. C. (1920). Thermo-electricity. In Kirstine Meyer (Ed.), H. C. Oersted, Natuurvidenskabelige Skrifter (Vol. 2). Copenhagen: n.p. (Originally published in 1830 in The Edinburgh encyclopaedia.)■ Ong, W. J. (1982). Orality and literacy: The technologizing of the word. London: Methuen.■ Onians, R. B. (1954). The origins of European thought. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press.■ Osgood, C. E. (1960). Method and theory in experimental psychology. New York: Oxford University Press. (Originally published in 1953.)■ Osgood, C. E. (1966). Language universals and psycholinguistics. In J. H. Greenberg (Ed.), Universals of language (2nd ed., pp. 299-322). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.■ Palmer, R. E. (1969). Hermeneutics. Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press.■ Peirce, C. S. (1934). Some consequences of four incapacities-Man, a sign. In C. Hartsborne & P. Weiss (Eds.), Collected papers of Charles Saunders Peirce (Vol. 5, pp. 185-189). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.■ Penfield, W. (1959). In W. Penfield & L. Roberts, Speech and brain mechanisms. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.■ Penrose, R. (1994). Shadows of the mind: A search for the missing science of conscious ness. Oxford: Oxford University Press.■ Perkins, D. N. (1981). The mind's best work. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.■ Peterfreund, E. (1986). The heuristic approach to psychoanalytic therapy. In■ J. Reppen (Ed.), Analysts at work, (pp. 127-144). Hillsdale, NJ: Analytic Press.■ Piaget, J. (1952). The origin of intelligence in children. New York: International Universities Press. (Originally published in 1936.)■ Piaget, J. (1954). Le langage et les opeґrations intellectuelles. Proble` mes de psycho linguistique. Symposium de l'Association de Psychologie Scientifique de Langue Francёaise. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France.■ Piaget, J. (1977). Problems of equilibration. In H. E. Gruber & J. J. Voneche (Eds.), The essential Piaget (pp. 838-841). London: Routlege & Kegan Paul. (Originally published in 1975 as L'eґquilibration des structures cognitives [Paris: Presses Universitaires de France].)■ Piaget, J., & B. Inhelder. (1973). Memory and intelligence. New York: Basic Books.■ Pinker, S. (1994). The language instinct. New York: Morrow.■ Pinker, S. (1996). Facts about human language relevant to its evolution. In J.-P. Changeux & J. Chavaillon (Eds.), Origins of the human brain. A symposium of the Fyssen foundation (pp. 262-283). Oxford: Clarendon Press. Planck, M. (1949). Scientific autobiography and other papers. F. Gaynor (Trans.). New York: Philosophical Library.■ Planck, M. (1990). Wissenschaftliche Selbstbiographie. W. Berg (Ed.). Halle, Germany: Deutsche Akademie der Naturforscher Leopoldina.■ Plato (1892). Meno. In The Dialogues of Plato (B. Jowett, Trans.; Vol. 2). New York: Clarendon. (Originally published circa 380 B.C.)■ Poincareґ, H. (1913). Mathematical creation. In The foundations of science. G. B. Halsted (Trans.). New York: Science Press.■ Poincareґ, H. (1921). The foundations of science: Science and hypothesis, the value of science, science and method. G. B. Halstead (Trans.). New York: Science Press.■ Poincareґ, H. (1929). The foundations of science: Science and hypothesis, the value of science, science and method. New York: Science Press.■ Poincareґ, H. (1952). Science and method. F. Maitland (Trans.) New York: Dover.■ Polya, G. (1945). How to solve it. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.■ Polanyi, M. (1958). Personal knowledge. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.■ Popper, K. (1968). Conjectures and refutations: The growth of scientific knowledge. New York: Harper & Row/Basic Books.■ Popper, K., & J. Eccles (1977). The self and its brain. New York: Springer-Verlag.■ Popper, K. R. (1959). The logic of scientific discovery. London: Hutchinson.■ Putnam, H. (1975). Mind, language and reality: Philosophical papers (Vol. 2). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.■ Putnam, H. (1987). The faces of realism. LaSalle, IL: Open Court.■ Pylyshyn, Z. W. (1981). The imagery debate: Analog media versus tacit knowledge. In N. Block (Ed.), Imagery (pp. 151-206). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.■ Pylyshyn, Z. W. (1984). Computation and cognition: Towards a foundation for cog nitive science. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press/Bradford Books.■ Quillian, M. R. (1968). Semantic memory. In M. Minsky (Ed.), Semantic information processing (pp. 216-260). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.■ Quine, W.V.O. (1960). Word and object. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.■ Rabbitt, P.M.A., & S. Dornic (Eds.). Attention and performance (Vol. 5). London: Academic Press.■ Rawlins, G.J.E. (1997). Slaves of the Machine: The quickening of computer technology. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press/Bradford Books.■ Reid, T. (1970). An inquiry into the human mind on the principles of common sense. In R. Brown (Ed.), Between Hume and Mill: An anthology of British philosophy- 1749- 1843 (pp. 151-178). New York: Random House/Modern Library.■ Reitman, W. (1970). What does it take to remember? In D. A. Norman (Ed.), Models of human memory (pp. 470-510). London: Academic Press.■ Ricoeur, P. (1974). Structure and hermeneutics. In D. I. Ihde (Ed.), The conflict of interpretations: Essays in hermeneutics (pp. 27-61). Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press.■ Robinson, D. N. (1986). An intellectual history of psychology. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.■ Rorty, R. (1979). Philosophy and the mirror of nature. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.■ Rosch, E. (1977). Human categorization. In N. Warren (Ed.), Studies in cross cultural psychology (Vol. 1, pp. 1-49) London: Academic Press.■ Rosch, E. (1978). Principles of categorization. In E. Rosch & B. B. Lloyd (Eds.), Cognition and categorization (pp. 27-48). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.■ Rosch, E., & B. B. Lloyd (1978). Principles of categorization. In E. Rosch & B. B. Lloyd (Eds.), Cognition and categorization. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.■ Rose, S. (1970). The chemistry of life. Baltimore: Penguin Books.■ Rose, S. (1976). The conscious brain (updated ed.). New York: Random House.■ Rose, S. (1993). The making of memory: From molecules to mind. New York: Anchor Books. (Originally published in 1992)■ Roszak, T. (1994). The cult of information: A neo- Luddite treatise on high- tech, artificial intelligence, and the true art of thinking (2nd ed.). Berkeley: University of California Press.■ Royce, J. R., & W. W. Rozeboom (Eds.) (1972). The psychology of knowing. New York: Gordon & Breach.■ Rumelhart, D. E. (1977). Introduction to human information processing. New York: Wiley.■ Rumelhart, D. E. (1980). Schemata: The building blocks of cognition. In R. J. Spiro, B. Bruce & W. F. Brewer (Eds.), Theoretical issues in reading comprehension. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.■ Rumelhart, D. E., & J. L. McClelland (1986). On learning the past tenses of English verbs. In J. L. McClelland & D. E. Rumelhart (Eds.), Parallel distributed processing: Explorations in the microstructure of cognition (Vol. 2). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.■ Rumelhart, D. E., P. Smolensky, J. L. McClelland & G. E. Hinton (1986). Schemata and sequential thought processes in PDP models. In J. L. McClelland, D. E. Rumelhart & the PDP Research Group (Eds.), Parallel Distributed Processing (Vol. 2, pp. 7-57). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.■ Russell, B. (1927). An outline of philosophy. London: G. Allen & Unwin.■ Russell, B. (1961). History of Western philosophy. London: George Allen & Unwin.■ Russell, B. (1965). How I write. In Portraits from memory and other essays. London: Allen & Unwin.■ Russell, B. (1992). In N. Griffin (Ed.), The selected letters of Bertrand Russell (Vol. 1), The private years, 1884- 1914. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. Ryecroft, C. (1966). Psychoanalysis observed. London: Constable.■ Sagan, C. (1978). The dragons of Eden: Speculations on the evolution of human intel ligence. New York: Ballantine Books.■ Salthouse, T. A. (1992). Expertise as the circumvention of human processing limitations. In K. A. Ericsson & J. Smith (Eds.), Toward a general theory of expertise: Prospects and limits (pp. 172-194). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.■ Sanford, A. J. (1987). The mind of man: Models of human understanding. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.■ Sapir, E. (1921). Language. New York: Harcourt, Brace, and World.■ Sapir, E. (1964). Culture, language, and personality. Berkeley: University of California Press. (Originally published in 1941.)■ Sapir, E. (1985). The status of linguistics as a science. In D. G. Mandelbaum (Ed.), Selected writings of Edward Sapir in language, culture and personality (pp. 160166). Berkeley: University of California Press. (Originally published in 1929).■ Scardmalia, M., & C. Bereiter (1992). Literate expertise. In K. A. Ericsson & J. Smith (Eds.), Toward a general theory of expertise: Prospects and limits (pp. 172-194). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.■ Schafer, R. (1954). Psychoanalytic interpretation in Rorschach testing. New York: Grune & Stratten.■ Schank, R. C. (1973). Identification of conceptualizations underlying natural language. In R. C. Schank & K. M. Colby (Eds.), Computer models of thought and language (pp. 187-248). San Francisco: W. H. Freeman.■ Schank, R. C. (1976). The role of memory in language processing. In C. N. Cofer (Ed.), The structure of human memory. (pp. 162-189) San Francisco: W. H. Freeman.■ Schank, R. C. (1986). Explanation patterns: Understanding mechanically and creatively. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.■ Schank, R. C., & R. P. Abelson (1977). Scripts, plans, goals, and understanding. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.■ SchroЁdinger, E. (1951). Science and humanism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.■ Searle, J. R. (1981a). Minds, brains, and programs. In J. Haugeland (Ed.), Mind design: Philosophy, psychology, artificial intelligence (pp. 282-306). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.■ Searle, J. R. (1981b). Minds, brains and programs. In D. Hofstadter & D. Dennett (Eds.), The mind's I (pp. 353-373). New York: Basic Books.■ Searle, J. R. (1983). Intentionality. New York: Cambridge University Press.■ Serres, M. (1982). The origin of language: Biology, information theory, and thermodynamics. M. Anderson (Trans.). In J. V. Harari & D. F. Bell (Eds.), Hermes: Literature, science, philosophy (pp. 71-83). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.■ Simon, H. A. (1966). Scientific discovery and the psychology of problem solving. In R. G. Colodny (Ed.), Mind and cosmos: Essays in contemporary science and philosophy (pp. 22-40). Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press.■ Simon, H. A. (1979). Models of thought. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.■ Simon, H. A. (1989). The scientist as a problem solver. In D. Klahr & K. Kotovsky (Eds.), Complex information processing: The impact of Herbert Simon. Hillsdale, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.■ Simon, H. A., & C. Kaplan (1989). Foundations of cognitive science. In M. Posner (Ed.), Foundations of cognitive science (pp. 1-47). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.■ Simonton, D. K. (1988). Creativity, leadership and chance. In R. J. Sternberg (Ed.), The nature of creativity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.■ Skinner, B. F. (1974). About behaviorism. New York: Knopf.■ Smith, E. E. (1988). Concepts and thought. In J. Sternberg & E. E. Smith (Eds.), The psychology of human thought (pp. 19-49). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.■ Smith, E. E. (1990). Thinking: Introduction. In D. N. Osherson & E. E. Smith (Eds.), Thinking. An invitation to cognitive science. (Vol. 3, pp. 1-2). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.■ Socrates. (1958). Meno. In E. H. Warmington & P. O. Rouse (Eds.), Great dialogues of Plato W.H.D. Rouse (Trans.). New York: New American Library. (Original publication date unknown.)■ Solso, R. L. (1974). Theories of retrieval. In R. L. Solso (Ed.), Theories in cognitive psychology. Potomac, MD: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.■ Spencer, H. (1896). The principles of psychology. New York: Appleton-CenturyCrofts.■ Steiner, G. (1975). After Babel: Aspects of language and translation. New York: Oxford University Press.■ Sternberg, R. J. (1977). Intelligence, information processing, and analogical reasoning. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.■ Sternberg, R. J. (1994). Intelligence. In R. J. Sternberg, Thinking and problem solving. San Diego: Academic Press.■ Sternberg, R. J., & J. E. Davidson (1985). Cognitive development in gifted and talented. In F. D. Horowitz & M. O'Brien (Eds.), The gifted and talented (pp. 103-135). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.■ Storr, A. (1993). The dynamics of creation. New York: Ballantine Books. (Originally published in 1972.)■ Stumpf, S. E. (1994). Philosophy: History and problems (5th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.■ Sulloway, F. J. (1996). Born to rebel: Birth order, family dynamics, and creative lives. New York: Random House/Vintage Books.■ Thorndike, E. L. (1906). Principles of teaching. New York: A. G. Seiler.■ Thorndike, E. L. (1970). Animal intelligence: Experimental studies. Darien, CT: Hafner Publishing Co. (Originally published in 1911.)■ Titchener, E. B. (1910). A textbook of psychology. New York: Macmillan.■ Titchener, E. B. (1914). A primer of psychology. New York: Macmillan.■ Toulmin, S. (1957). The philosophy of science. London: Hutchinson.■ Tulving, E. (1972). Episodic and semantic memory. In E. Tulving & W. Donaldson (Eds.), Organisation of memory. London: Academic Press.■ Turing, A. (1946). In B. E. Carpenter & R. W. Doran (Eds.), ACE reports of 1946 and other papers. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.■ Turkle, S. (1984). Computers and the second self: Computers and the human spirit. New York: Simon & Schuster.■ Tyler, S. A. (1978). The said and the unsaid: Mind, meaning, and culture. New York: Academic Press.■ van Heijenoort (Ed.) (1967). From Frege to Goedel. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.■ Varela, F. J. (1984). The creative circle: Sketches on the natural history of circularity. In P. Watzlawick (Ed.), The invented reality (pp. 309-324). New York: W. W. Norton.■ Voltaire (1961). On the Penseґs of M. Pascal. In Philosophical letters (pp. 119-146). E. Dilworth (Trans.). Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill.■ Wagman, M. (1991a). Artificial intelligence and human cognition: A theoretical inter comparison of two realms of intellect. Westport, CT: Praeger.■ Wagman, M. (1991b). Cognitive science and concepts of mind: Toward a general theory of human and artificial intelligence. Westport, CT: Praeger.■ Wagman, M. (1993). Cognitive psychology and artificial intelligence: Theory and re search in cognitive science. Westport, CT: Praeger.■ Wagman, M. (1995). The sciences of cognition: Theory and research in psychology and artificial intelligence. Westport, CT: Praeger.■ Wagman, M. (1996). Human intellect and cognitive science: Toward a general unified theory of intelligence. Westport, CT: Praeger.■ Wagman, M. (1997a). Cognitive science and the symbolic operations of human and artificial intelligence: Theory and research into the intellective processes. Westport, CT: Praeger.■ Wagman, M. (1997b). The general unified theory of intelligence: Central conceptions and specific application to domains of cognitive science. Westport, CT: Praeger.■ Wagman, M. (1998a). Cognitive science and the mind- body problem: From philosophy to psychology to artificial intelligence to imaging of the brain. Westport, CT: Praeger.■ Wagman, M. (1998b). Language and thought in humans and computers: Theory and research in psychology, artificial intelligence, and neural science. Westport, CT: Praeger.■ Wagman, M. (1998c). The ultimate objectives of artificial intelligence: Theoretical and research foundations, philosophical and psychological implications. Westport, CT: Praeger.■ Wagman, M. (1999). The human mind according to artificial intelligence: Theory, re search, and implications. Westport, CT: Praeger.■ Wagman, M. (2000). Scientific discovery processes in humans and computers: Theory and research in psychology and artificial intelligence. Westport, CT: Praeger.■ Wall, R. (1972). Introduction to mathematical linguistics. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.■ Wallas, G. (1926). The Art of Thought. New York: Harcourt, Brace & Co.■ Wason, P. (1977). Self contradictions. In P. Johnson-Laird & P. Wason (Eds.), Thinking: Readings in cognitive science. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.■ Wason, P. C., & P. N. Johnson-Laird. (1972). Psychology of reasoning: Structure and content. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.■ Watson, J. (1930). Behaviorism. New York: W. W. Norton.■ Watzlawick, P. (1984). Epilogue. In P. Watzlawick (Ed.), The invented reality. New York: W. W. Norton, 1984.■ Weinberg, S. (1977). The first three minutes: A modern view of the origin of the uni verse. New York: Basic Books.■ Weisberg, R. W. (1986). Creativity: Genius and other myths. New York: W. H. Freeman.■ Weizenbaum, J. (1976). Computer power and human reason: From judgment to cal culation. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman.■ Wertheimer, M. (1945). Productive thinking. New York: Harper & Bros.■ Whitehead, A. N. (1925). Science and the modern world. New York: Macmillan.■ Whorf, B. L. (1956). In J. B. Carroll (Ed.), Language, thought and reality: Selected writings of Benjamin Lee Whorf. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.■ Whyte, L. L. (1962). The unconscious before Freud. New York: Anchor Books.■ Wiener, N. (1954). The human use of human beings. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.■ Wiener, N. (1964). God & Golem, Inc.: A comment on certain points where cybernetics impinges on religion. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.■ Winograd, T. (1972). Understanding natural language. New York: Academic Press.■ Winston, P. H. (1987). Artificial intelligence: A perspective. In E. L. Grimson & R. S. Patil (Eds.), AI in the 1980s and beyond (pp. 1-12). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.■ Winston, P. H. (Ed.) (1975). The psychology of computer vision. New York: McGrawHill.■ Wittgenstein, L. (1953). Philosophical investigations. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.■ Wittgenstein, L. (1958). The blue and brown books. New York: Harper Colophon.■ Woods, W. A. (1975). What's in a link: Foundations for semantic networks. In D. G. Bobrow & A. Collins (Eds.), Representations and understanding: Studies in cognitive science (pp. 35-84). New York: Academic Press.■ Woodworth, R. S. (1938). Experimental psychology. New York: Holt; London: Methuen (1939).■ Wundt, W. (1904). Principles of physiological psychology (Vol. 1). E. B. Titchener (Trans.). New York: Macmillan.■ Wundt, W. (1907). Lectures on human and animal psychology. J. E. Creighton & E. B. Titchener (Trans.). New York: Macmillan.■ Young, J. Z. (1978). Programs of the brain. New York: Oxford University Press.■ Ziman, J. (1978). Reliable knowledge: An exploration of the grounds for belief in science. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Bibliography
-
95 PMS
1) Общая лексика: ПМС2) Компьютерная техника: picturephone meeting service3) Медицина: пост-маркетинговое наблюдение (post-marketing surveillance), предменструальный синдром (premenstrual syndrome)4) Спорт: Pass My Sweat, Pass My Sweatpants5) Военный термин: Phoenix missile system, Polaris missile system, Precision Mensuration Software, Property Management System, Provost Marshal School, pedestal-mounted Stinger, performance measurement system, performance monitoring system, personnel management system, planned maintenance system, planned missile system, power management system, predicted manning system, preventive maintenance schedule, preventive maintenance school, preventive maintenance system, professor of military science, program management support, program management system, program master schedule, project management system, project manager, ship, projected map system, Program Management, Sea (NAVSEA)6) Техника: plant monitoring system, pregnant mare scrum, primary makeup system, probable maximum surge, program management staff7) Сельское хозяйство: Pregnant Mare's Serum8) Шутливое выражение: Packing My Suitcase, Permissible Man Slaughter, Perpetual Munching Spree, Pimples May Surface, Pony Mare Syndrome, Pretty Miserable Syndrome, Punish Men Severely, Punish Men Severly9) Юридический термин: Pardon My Screaming, Possible Murder Suspect, Potential Murder Suspect10) Бухгалтерия: Payment Management System11) Грубое выражение: Penis Must Suffer, Pummel Mens Scrotums, Putting up with Man's Shit12) Сокращение: Pedestal Mounted Stinger, Performance Monitoring System (USA), Personnel Management Squadron (UK Royal Air Force), Physiological Monitoring System, Plastic Media Stripping, Portable Monitoring Set, preventive maintenance services, Policy Management System, Preventive Maintenance Service, Processor-Memory-Switch, premenstrual syndrome, Pulse, Motor function, Sensation (Emergency Care)13) Университет: Peninsula Medical School14) Физиология: Pre Menstrual Syndrome, Psychotic Mood Shift, Psychotic Mood Swings, Puffy Mid Section15) Электроника: Particle Measuring System16) Вычислительная техника: Personal Mailing System, Public Message System, personal measuring system, Pantone matching system17) Нефть: Project Management Schedule, pipeline monitoring system, профилактическое техническое обслуживание (preventive maintenance service), система планово-предупредительного технического обслуживания (planned maintenance system), система профилактического технического обслуживания18) Иммунология: pregnant mare serum19) Транспорт: Pavement Management System, Performance Management System20) Пищевая промышленность: Pepperoni, Mushrooms, and Sausage21) Воздухоплавание: Project Map System22) Метрология: подвижная оптическая шкала (projected moving scale)23) Реклама: цвета PANTONE24) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: система управления энергосистемой (Power Management System)25) Менеджмент: project master schedule26) Сетевые технологии: Perl Mail Sorter, Port Management Switch, public message service, персональная измерительная система, система обмена сообщениями коллективного пользования27) Иммунофармакология: pre-master seed28) Авиационная медицина: probability of mission success29) Безопасность: Possible Malicious Software30) Нефть и газ: production management system31) Военно-политический термин: Politico-military aspects of security32) Водоснабжение: Piping Material Specification33) Фармация: pre-marketing study, post marketing surveillance34) Чат: Pack My Stuff, Pardon My Sobbing, Pissy Mood Syndrome35) NYSE. Policy Management Systems Corporation36) СМС: Please Make Sense -
96 PSR
1) Медицина: Periodontal Search and Rescue2) Американизм: Problem Solving Report3) Военный термин: Patient Summary Report, Periodic Safety Review, Periodic Status Report, Personnel Status Report, Post-Attack Status Report, Program Status Review, parachute status report, performance summary report, personnel situation report, point of safe return, portable seismic recorder, predicted sonar range, procurement status report, program status report, program study request, program support requirements, progress summary report, project summary report, prototype systems review4) Техника: Pennsylvania State University research reactor, passive space repeater, peripheral shim rod, permanent side reflector, plant status report, power supply rejection, primary system relief, processor state register, processor status register, programming support representative5) Химия: Pressure State Response6) Религия: Parish School Of Religion, Praying Sowing Reaping7) Бухгалтерия: profit sharing ratio (for partnerships)8) Сокращение: Passive Ranging Sonar (Germany), Physicians for Social Responsibility, Post-Strike Reconnaissance, Primary Surveillance Radar, Product Specific Realizations, PulSaR, plow-steel rope9) Физиология: Periodontal Screening And Recording10) Электроника: Perfectly Stirred Reactor11) Вычислительная техника: Program Support Representative, Phase Shift Register (IC), PulSaR (Space)12) Транспорт: Present Serviceability Rating13) Деловая лексика: Problem Solution Result14) ЕБРР: price/sales ratio15) Контроль качества: prototype system review16) Нефть и газ: purchasing supervisor report17) Должность: Patient Services Representative, Personnel Selection Report19) НАСА: Pulsating Source Of Radiation -
97 psr
1) Медицина: Periodontal Search and Rescue2) Американизм: Problem Solving Report3) Военный термин: Patient Summary Report, Periodic Safety Review, Periodic Status Report, Personnel Status Report, Post-Attack Status Report, Program Status Review, parachute status report, performance summary report, personnel situation report, point of safe return, portable seismic recorder, predicted sonar range, procurement status report, program status report, program study request, program support requirements, progress summary report, project summary report, prototype systems review4) Техника: Pennsylvania State University research reactor, passive space repeater, peripheral shim rod, permanent side reflector, plant status report, power supply rejection, primary system relief, processor state register, processor status register, programming support representative5) Химия: Pressure State Response6) Религия: Parish School Of Religion, Praying Sowing Reaping7) Бухгалтерия: profit sharing ratio (for partnerships)8) Сокращение: Passive Ranging Sonar (Germany), Physicians for Social Responsibility, Post-Strike Reconnaissance, Primary Surveillance Radar, Product Specific Realizations, PulSaR, plow-steel rope9) Физиология: Periodontal Screening And Recording10) Электроника: Perfectly Stirred Reactor11) Вычислительная техника: Program Support Representative, Phase Shift Register (IC), PulSaR (Space)12) Транспорт: Present Serviceability Rating13) Деловая лексика: Problem Solution Result14) ЕБРР: price/sales ratio15) Контроль качества: prototype system review16) Нефть и газ: purchasing supervisor report17) Должность: Patient Services Representative, Personnel Selection Report19) НАСА: Pulsating Source Of Radiation -
98 branch
1. noun1) (an arm-like part of a tree: He cut some branches off the oak tree.) rama2) (an offshoot from the main part (of a business, railway etc): There isn't a branch of that store in this town; (also adjective) That train runs on the branch line.) sucursal
2. verb((usually with out/off) to spread out like, or into, a branch or branches: The road to the coast branches off here.) ramificarsebranch n1. rama2. sucursal / oficinatr[brɑːnʧ]1 (tree) rama2 (of family) ramo5 (field of science etc) ramo6 (of candleabra) brazo1 (road) bifurcarse\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLbranch line ramal nombre masculinobranch ['brænʧ] vi1) : echar ramas (dícese de una planta)2) diverge: ramificarse, separarsebranch n1) : rama f (de una planta)2) extension: ramal m (de un camino, un ferrocarril, un río), rama f (de una familia o un campo de estudiar), sucursal f (de una empresa), agencia f (del gobierno)n.(§ pl.: branches) = sucursal s.m. (River)n.(§ pl.: branches) = tributario s.m.adj.• ramificar adj.• sucursal adj.n.(§ pl.: branches) = bifurcación s.f.• brazo s.m.• departamento s.m.• facultad s.m.• rama s.f.• ramal s.m.• ramo s.m.v.• bifurcar (Teléfono) v.• bifurcarse v.• ramificar v.• ramificarse v.• separarse v.
I bræntʃ, brɑːntʃnoun ( of tree) rama f; (of river, road, railway) ramal m; (of family, field of study) rama f; ( of computer program) bifurcación f, ramificación f; (of company, bank) sucursal f
II
intransitive verb \<\<river/family\>\> ramificarse*; \<\<road\>\> bifurcarse*Phrasal Verbs:[brɑːntʃ]1. N1) [of tree] rama f ; (fig) [of science] rama f ; [of government, police] sección f ; [of industry] ramo m2) (Comm) [of company, bank] sucursal f3) (in road, railway, pipe) ramal m4) [of river] brazo m ; (US) [of stream] arroyo m5) [of family] rama f2.VI [road etc] bifurcarse3.CPDbranch line N — (Rail) ramal m, línea f secundaria
branch manager N — director(a) m / f de sucursal
branch office N — sucursal f
* * *
I [bræntʃ, brɑːntʃ]noun ( of tree) rama f; (of river, road, railway) ramal m; (of family, field of study) rama f; ( of computer program) bifurcación f, ramificación f; (of company, bank) sucursal f
II
intransitive verb \<\<river/family\>\> ramificarse*; \<\<road\>\> bifurcarse*Phrasal Verbs: -
99 group
army group, Royal Artillery — Бр. армейская группа ПА
army group, Royal Engineers — Бр. армейская инженерная группа
C3 Countermeasures Working group — рабочая группа по вопросам РЭП систем оперативного управления и связи
combat equipment group, Europe — группа обеспечения войск оружием и военной техникой в Европейской зоне (для сил двойного базирования)
European Interdepartment group, NSC — Европейская межведомственная группа СНБ
intelligence data (technical) processing group — группа (технической) обработки разведывательных данных
Standing group, Military Committee — постоянная группа военного комитета НАТО
tactical air (control) group — мор. группа наведения авиации
— address indicating group— FA group— HQ group— launching control group* * *• 1) группа; 2) дивизия• 1) группироваться; 2) группировать -
100 Computers
The brain has been compared to a digital computer because the neuron, like a switch or valve, either does or does not complete a circuit. But at that point the similarity ends. The switch in the digital computer is constant in its effect, and its effect is large in proportion to the total output of the machine. The effect produced by the neuron varies with its recovery from [the] refractory phase and with its metabolic state. The number of neurons involved in any action runs into millions so that the influence of any one is negligible.... Any cell in the system can be dispensed with.... The brain is an analogical machine, not digital. Analysis of the integrative activities will probably have to be in statistical terms. (Lashley, quoted in Beach, Hebb, Morgan & Nissen, 1960, p. 539)It is essential to realize that a computer is not a mere "number cruncher," or supercalculating arithmetic machine, although this is how computers are commonly regarded by people having no familiarity with artificial intelligence. Computers do not crunch numbers; they manipulate symbols.... Digital computers originally developed with mathematical problems in mind, are in fact general purpose symbol manipulating machines....The terms "computer" and "computation" are themselves unfortunate, in view of their misleading arithmetical connotations. The definition of artificial intelligence previously cited-"the study of intelligence as computation"-does not imply that intelligence is really counting. Intelligence may be defined as the ability creatively to manipulate symbols, or process information, given the requirements of the task in hand. (Boden, 1981, pp. 15, 16-17)The task is to get computers to explain things to themselves, to ask questions about their experiences so as to cause those explanations to be forthcoming, and to be creative in coming up with explanations that have not been previously available. (Schank, 1986, p. 19)In What Computers Can't Do, written in 1969 (2nd edition, 1972), the main objection to AI was the impossibility of using rules to select only those facts about the real world that were relevant in a given situation. The "Introduction" to the paperback edition of the book, published by Harper & Row in 1979, pointed out further that no one had the slightest idea how to represent the common sense understanding possessed even by a four-year-old. (Dreyfus & Dreyfus, 1986, p. 102)A popular myth says that the invention of the computer diminishes our sense of ourselves, because it shows that rational thought is not special to human beings, but can be carried on by a mere machine. It is a short stop from there to the conclusion that intelligence is mechanical, which many people find to be an affront to all that is most precious and singular about their humanness.In fact, the computer, early in its career, was not an instrument of the philistines, but a humanizing influence. It helped to revive an idea that had fallen into disrepute: the idea that the mind is real, that it has an inner structure and a complex organization, and can be understood in scientific terms. For some three decades, until the 1940s, American psychology had lain in the grip of the ice age of behaviorism, which was antimental through and through. During these years, extreme behaviorists banished the study of thought from their agenda. Mind and consciousness, thinking, imagining, planning, solving problems, were dismissed as worthless for anything except speculation. Only the external aspects of behavior, the surface manifestations, were grist for the scientist's mill, because only they could be observed and measured....It is one of the surprising gifts of the computer in the history of ideas that it played a part in giving back to psychology what it had lost, which was nothing less than the mind itself. In particular, there was a revival of interest in how the mind represents the world internally to itself, by means of knowledge structures such as ideas, symbols, images, and inner narratives, all of which had been consigned to the realm of mysticism. (Campbell, 1989, p. 10)[Our artifacts] only have meaning because we give it to them; their intentionality, like that of smoke signals and writing, is essentially borrowed, hence derivative. To put it bluntly: computers themselves don't mean anything by their tokens (any more than books do)-they only mean what we say they do. Genuine understanding, on the other hand, is intentional "in its own right" and not derivatively from something else. (Haugeland, 1981a, pp. 32-33)he debate over the possibility of computer thought will never be won or lost; it will simply cease to be of interest, like the previous debate over man as a clockwork mechanism. (Bolter, 1984, p. 190)t takes us a long time to emotionally digest a new idea. The computer is too big a step, and too recently made, for us to quickly recover our balance and gauge its potential. It's an enormous accelerator, perhaps the greatest one since the plow, twelve thousand years ago. As an intelligence amplifier, it speeds up everything-including itself-and it continually improves because its heart is information or, more plainly, ideas. We can no more calculate its consequences than Babbage could have foreseen antibiotics, the Pill, or space stations.Further, the effects of those ideas are rapidly compounding, because a computer design is itself just a set of ideas. As we get better at manipulating ideas by building ever better computers, we get better at building even better computers-it's an ever-escalating upward spiral. The early nineteenth century, when the computer's story began, is already so far back that it may as well be the Stone Age. (Rawlins, 1997, p. 19)According to weak AI, the principle value of the computer in the study of the mind is that it gives us a very powerful tool. For example, it enables us to formulate and test hypotheses in a more rigorous and precise fashion than before. But according to strong AI the computer is not merely a tool in the study of the mind; rather the appropriately programmed computer really is a mind in the sense that computers given the right programs can be literally said to understand and have other cognitive states. And according to strong AI, because the programmed computer has cognitive states, the programs are not mere tools that enable us to test psychological explanations; rather, the programs are themselves the explanations. (Searle, 1981b, p. 353)What makes people smarter than machines? They certainly are not quicker or more precise. Yet people are far better at perceiving objects in natural scenes and noting their relations, at understanding language and retrieving contextually appropriate information from memory, at making plans and carrying out contextually appropriate actions, and at a wide range of other natural cognitive tasks. People are also far better at learning to do these things more accurately and fluently through processing experience.What is the basis for these differences? One answer, perhaps the classic one we might expect from artificial intelligence, is "software." If we only had the right computer program, the argument goes, we might be able to capture the fluidity and adaptability of human information processing. Certainly this answer is partially correct. There have been great breakthroughs in our understanding of cognition as a result of the development of expressive high-level computer languages and powerful algorithms. However, we do not think that software is the whole story.In our view, people are smarter than today's computers because the brain employs a basic computational architecture that is more suited to deal with a central aspect of the natural information processing tasks that people are so good at.... hese tasks generally require the simultaneous consideration of many pieces of information or constraints. Each constraint may be imperfectly specified and ambiguous, yet each can play a potentially decisive role in determining the outcome of processing. (McClelland, Rumelhart & Hinton, 1986, pp. 3-4)Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Computers
См. также в других словарях:
study program — studijų programa statusas T sritis Švietimas ir mokslas apibrėžtis Struktūrinis ir nuoseklus teorinio ir praktinio studijų turinio elementų, laiduojančių konkretų išsilavinimą ir (arba) kvalifikaciją ar kompetenciją, aprašymas. Gali būti tam… … Aiškinamasis kvalifikacijų sistemos terminų žodynas
Study Program on European Spatial Planning — Das Study Program on European Spatial Planning, kurz SPESP und auf deutsch Studienprogramm zur europäischen Raumordnung, wurde 1998 aufgelegt und stellte als Testlauf den Vorgänger zum ESPON, dem Netzwerk europäischer Raumforschung, dar. Um die… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Federal Work-Study Program — The Federal Work Study program, FWS, is a United States federally funded program that assists students with the costs of postsecondary education. The Federal Work Study Program helps students earn financial funding through a part time work… … Wikipedia
FOCUS Program (University Study Program) — The FOCUS Program is a voluntary, interdisciplinary academic curriculum for freshmen that was first established at Duke University. It received national acclaim and a similar program has since spread to Washington University in St. Louis. FOCUS… … Wikipedia
Denmark's International Study Program — Danish Institute for Study Abroad (DIS) is a Danish study abroad program, started in 1959, affiliated with the University of Copenhagen and funded in part by the Danish government. Classes are taught in English at University of Copenhagen… … Wikipedia
work-study program — noun an educational plan in which students alternate between paid employment and formal study (Freq. 1) • Hypernyms: ↑education, ↑instruction, ↑teaching, ↑pedagogy, ↑didactics, ↑educational activity * * * noun … Useful english dictionary
work-study program — noun Date: 1946 a program planned to give high school or college students work experience … New Collegiate Dictionary
work-study program — /werrk stud ee, stud ee/ a program enabling high school or college students to combine academic work with actual job experience. [1945 50] * * * … Universalium
program of study — studijų programa statusas T sritis Švietimas ir mokslas apibrėžtis Struktūrinis ir nuoseklus teorinio ir praktinio studijų turinio elementų, laiduojančių konkretų išsilavinimą ir (arba) kvalifikaciją ar kompetenciją, aprašymas. Gali būti tam… … Aiškinamasis kvalifikacijų sistemos terminų žodynas
program of studies — studijų programa statusas T sritis Švietimas ir mokslas apibrėžtis Struktūrinis ir nuoseklus teorinio ir praktinio studijų turinio elementų, laiduojančių konkretų išsilavinimą ir (arba) kvalifikaciją ar kompetenciją, aprašymas. Gali būti tam… … Aiškinamasis kvalifikacijų sistemos terminų žodynas
Study abroad organization — Study abroad organizations, also referred to as study abroad providers, are organizations that facilitate or administer study abroad programs. Such programs are often designed for undergraduate university students seeking to pursue educational… … Wikipedia