Перевод: с английского на польский

с польского на английский

state+force

  • 1 strain

    [streɪn] 1. n
    ( pressure) obciążenie nt; ( MED) ( physical) nadwerężenie nt; ( mental) stres m; ( of virus) szczep m; ( breed) odmiana f
    2. vt
    one's back, resources nadwerężać (nadwerężyć perf); potatoes etc cedzić (odcedzić perf)
    3. vi

    to strain to hear/see — wytężać (wytężyć perf) słuch/wzrok

    * * *
    I 1. [strein] verb
    1) (to exert oneself or a part of the body to the greatest possible extent: They strained at the door, trying to pull it open; He strained to reach the rope.) wysilać się
    2) (to injure (a muscle etc) through too much use, exertion etc: He has strained a muscle in his leg; You'll strain your eyes by reading in such a poor light.) nadwyrężać
    3) (to force or stretch (too far): The constant interruptions were straining his patience.) wyczerpywać
    4) (to put (eg a mixture) through a sieve etc in order to separate solid matter from liquid: She strained the coffee.) odcedzać
    2. noun
    1) (force exerted; Can nylon ropes take more strain than the old kind of rope?) naprężenie
    2) ((something, eg too much work etc, that causes) a state of anxiety and fatigue: The strain of nursing her dying husband was too much for her; to suffer from strain.) wysiłek, przemęczenie
    3) ((an) injury especially to a muscle caused by too much exertion: muscular strain.) naciągnięcie
    4) (too great a demand: These constant delays are a strain on our patience.) nadużywanie
    •
    - strainer
    - strain off     II [strein] noun
    1) (a kind or breed (of animals, plants etc): a new strain of cattle.) rasa
    2) (a tendency in a person's character: I'm sure there's a strain of madness in her.) skłonność
    3) ((often in plural) (the sound of) a tune: I heard the strains of a hymn coming from the church.) dźwięki

    English-Polish dictionary > strain

  • 2 stress

    [strɛs] 1. n
    ( applied to object) nacisk m; ( internal to object) naprężenie nt; ( mental strain) stres m; ( LING) akcent m; ( emphasis) nacisk m, akcent m
    2. vt
    * * *
    [stres] 1. noun
    1) (the worry experienced by a person in particular circumstances, or the state of anxiety caused by this: the stresses of modern life; Her headaches may be caused by stress.) napięcie, stres
    2) (force exerted by (parts of) bodies on each other: Bridge-designers have to know about stress.) naprężenie
    3) (force or emphasis placed, in speaking, on particular syllables or words: In the word `widow' we put stress on the first syllable.) akcent
    2. verb
    (to emphasize (a syllable etc, or a fact etc): Should you stress the last syllable in `violin'?; He stressed the necessity of being punctual.) akcentować, podkreślać
    - lay/put stress on

    English-Polish dictionary > stress

  • 3 hold

    [həuld] 1. pt, pp held, vt
    ( in hand) trzymać; ( contain) mieścić (pomieścić perf); qualifications posiadać; power, permit, opinion mieć; meeting, conversation odbywać (odbyć perf); prisoner, hostage przetrzymywać (przetrzymać perf)

    to hold sb responsible/liable — obarczać (obarczyć perf) kogoś odpowiedzialnością

    to get hold of ( fig) — object, information zdobywać (zdobyć perf) +acc; person łapać (złapać perf) +acc (inf)

    to get hold of o.s. — brać (wziąć perf) się w garść

    to catch/get (a) hold of — chwycić się ( perf) +gen, złapać ( perf) za +acc (inf)

    to hold firm/fast — trzymać się mocno

    he holds the view that … — jest zdania, że …

    I don't hold with … — nie popieram +gen

    hold still, hold steady — nie ruszaj się

    Phrasal Verbs:
    2. vi
    glue etc trzymać (mocno); argument etc zachowywać (zachować perf) ważność, pozostawać w mocy; offer, invitation być aktualnym; luck, weather utrzymywać się (utrzymać się perf); ( TEL) czekać (zaczekać perf)
    3. n
    ( grasp) chwyt m; (of ship, plane) ładownia f
    * * *
    I 1. [həuld] past tense, past participle - held; verb
    1) (to have in one's hand(s) or between one's hands: He was holding a knife; Hold that dish with both hands; He held the little boy's hand; He held the mouse by its tail.) trzymać
    2) (to have in a part, or between parts, of the body, or between parts of a tool etc: He held the pencil in his teeth; She was holding a pile of books in her arms; Hold the stamp with tweezers.) trzymać
    3) (to support or keep from moving, running away, falling etc: What holds that shelf up?; He held the door closed by leaning against it; Hold your hands above your head; Hold his arms so that he can't struggle.) trzymać, przytrzymywać
    4) (to remain in position, fixed etc when under strain: I've tied the two pieces of string together, but I'm not sure the knot will hold; Will the anchor hold in a storm?) wytrzymywać
    5) (to keep (a person) in some place or in one's power: The police are holding a man for questioning in connection with the murder; He was held captive.) zatrzymać
    6) (to (be able to) contain: This jug holds two pints; You can't hold water in a handkerchief; This drawer holds all my shirts.) (po)mieścić
    7) (to cause to take place: The meeting will be held next week; We'll hold the meeting in the hall.) odbywać
    8) (to keep (oneself), or to be, in a particular state or condition: We'll hold ourselves in readiness in case you send for us; She holds herself very erect.) trzymać się
    9) (to have or be in (a job etc): He held the position of company secretary for five years.) zajmować stanowisko
    10) (to think strongly; to believe; to consider or regard: I hold that this was the right decision; He holds me (to be) responsible for everyone's mistakes; He is held in great respect; He holds certain very odd beliefs.) uważać że, utrzymywać, mieć
    11) (to continue to be valid or apply: Our offer will hold until next week; These rules hold under all circumstances.) być aktualnym, obowiązywać
    12) ((with to) to force (a person) to do something he has promised to do: I intend to hold him to his promises.) zmusić do dotrzymania (obietnicy)
    13) (to defend: They held the castle against the enemy.) bronić
    14) (not to be beaten by: The general realized that the soldiers could not hold the enemy for long.) powstrzymać
    15) (to keep (a person's attention): If you can't hold your pupils' attention, you can't be a good teacher.) utrzymywać
    16) (to keep someone in a certain state: Don't hold us in suspense, what was the final decision?) przetrzymać
    17) (to celebrate: The festival is held on 24 June.) obchodzić
    18) (to be the owner of: He holds shares in this company.) posiadać
    19) ((of good weather) to continue: I hope the weather holds until after the school sports.) utrzymywać się
    20) ((also hold the line) (of a person who is making a telephone call) to wait: Mr Brown is busy at the moment - will you hold or would you like him to call you back?) czekać (przy telefonie)
    21) (to continue to sing: Please hold that note for four whole beats.) trzymać
    22) (to keep (something): They'll hold your luggage at the station until you collect it.) przechowywać
    23) ((of the future) to be going to produce: I wonder what the future holds for me?) gotować
    2. noun
    1) (the act of holding: He caught/got/laid/took hold of the rope and pulled; Keep hold of that rope.) chwyt
    2) (power; influence: He has a strange hold over that girl.) wpływ
    3) ((in wrestling etc) a manner of holding one's opponent: The wrestler invented a new hold.) chwyt
    •
    - - holder
    - hold-all
    - get hold of
    - hold back
    - hold down
    - hold forth
    - hold good
    - hold it
    - hold off
    - hold on
    - hold out
    - hold one's own
    - hold one's tongue
    - hold up
    - hold-up
    - hold with     II [həuld] noun
    ((in ships) the place, below the deck, where cargo is stored.) ładownia

    English-Polish dictionary > hold

  • 4 send

    [sɛnd]
    pt, pp sent, vt
    letter etc wysyłać (wysłać perf); signal, picture przesyłać (przesłać perf)

    to send sth by post or (US) mail — wysyłać (wysłać perf) coś pocztą

    to send sb for a check-up — wysłać ( perf) kogoś na badania kontrolne

    to send word that … — przysłać ( perf) wiadomość, że …

    Phrasal Verbs:
    * * *
    [send]
    past tense, past participle - sent; verb
    1) (to cause or order to go or be taken: The teacher sent the disobedient boy to the headmaster; She sent me this book.) wysyłać, przysyłać
    2) (to move rapidly or with force: He sent the ball right into the goal.) posłać, strzelić
    3) (to cause to go into a certain, usually bad, state: The news sent them into a panic.) wpędzać
    •
    - send away for
    - send down
    - send for
    - send in
    - send off
    - send off for
    - send out
    - send someone packing / send someone about his business
    - send packing / send someone about his business
    - send someone packing / send about his business
    - send packing / send about his business

    English-Polish dictionary > send

  • 5 such

    [sʌtʃ]
    adj

    in Brighton or some such place — w Brighton, czy w jakimś takim miejscu

    she made such a noise that … — narobiła tyle hałasu, że …

    such as — taki jak +nom

    such books as I have — takie książki, jakie mam

    * * *
    1. adjective
    1) (of the same kind as that already mentioned or being mentioned: Animals that gnaw, such as mice, rats, rabbits and weasels are called rodents; He came from Bradford or some such place; She asked to see Mr Johnson but was told there was no such person there; I've seen several such buildings; I've never done such a thing before; doctors, dentists and such people.) taki
    2) (of the great degree already mentioned or being mentioned: If you had telephoned her, she wouldn't have got into such a state of anxiety; She never used to get such bad headaches (as she does now).) (aż) taki
    3) (of the great degree, or the kind, to have a particular result: He shut the window with such force that the glass broke; She's such a good teacher that the headmaster asked her not to leave; Their problems are such as to make it impossible for them to live together any more.) taki
    4) (used for emphasis: This is such a shock! They have been such good friends to me!) taki
    2. pronoun
    (such a person or thing, or such persons or things: I have only a few photographs, but can show you such as I have; This isn't a good book as such (= as a book) but it has interesting pictures.) ten, taki
    - such-and-such
    - such as it is

    English-Polish dictionary > such

  • 6 use

    1. [juːs] n
    ( using) użycie nt, stosowanie nt; ( usefulness) użytek m, zastosowanie nt
    2. [juːz] vt
    używać (użyć perf) +gen, posługiwać się (posłużyć się perf) +instr

    to make use of sth — stosować (zastosować perf) or wykorzystywać (wykorzystać perf) coś

    to get used to — przyzwyczajać się (przyzwyczaić się perf) or przywykać (przywyknąć perf) do +gen

    Phrasal Verbs:
    * * *
    I [ju:z] verb
    1) (to employ (something) for a purpose: What did you use to open the can?; Use your common sense!) użyć
    2) (to consume: We're using far too much electricity.) zużywać
    •
    - used
    - user
    - user-friendly
    - user guide
    - be used to something
    - be used to
    - used to     II [ju:s]
    1) (the act of using or state of being used: The use of force to persuade workers to join a strike cannot be justified; This telephone number is for use in emergencies.) użycie
    2) (the/a purpose for which something may be used: This little knife has plenty of uses; I have no further use for these clothes.) zastosowanie
    3) ((often in questions or with negatives) value or advantage: Is this coat (of) any use to you?; It's no use offering to help when it's too late.) wartość, sens
    4) (the power of using: She lost the use of her right arm as a result of the accident.) władza
    5) (permission, or the right, to use: They let us have the use of their car while they were away.) prawo używania
    •
    - usefulness
    - usefully
    - useless
    - be in use
    - out of use
    - come in useful
    - have no use for
    - it's no use
    - make good use of
    - make use of
    - put to good use
    - put to use

    English-Polish dictionary > use

  • 7 yield

    [jiːld] 1. n ( AGR)
    plon m; ( COMM) zysk m
    2. vt
    control oddawać (oddać perf); results, profit dawać (dać perf), przynosić (przynieść perf)
    3. vi
    ( surrender) ulegać (ulec perf), ustępować (ustąpić perf); (US, AUT) ustępować (ustąpić perf) pierwszeństwa przejazdu; (break, move position) ustępować (ustąpić perf), nie wytrzymywać (nie wytrzymać perf)

    a yield of 5% — pięcioprocentowy zysk

    * * *
    [ji:ld] 1. verb
    1) (to give up; to surrender: He yielded to the other man's arguments; He yielded all his possessions to the state.) ustąpić, oddać
    2) (to give way to force or pressure: At last the door yielded.) ustąpić
    3) (to produce naturally, grow etc: How much milk does that herd of cattle yield?) dawać, przynosić
    2. noun
    (the amount produced by natural means: the annual yield of wheat.) wydajność

    English-Polish dictionary > yield

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