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41 hacia el oesudoeste
• towards the west-southwest• West Virginia• west-northwestwards -
42 hacia el oesudueste
• towards the west-southwest• West Virginia• west-northwestwards -
43 hacia el sudoeste
• southwestwards• towards the southwest -
44 hacia el sudsudoeste
• towards the south-southwest -
45 ir hacia el suroeste
• be headed Southwest• go south• go splendidly• head south• head start -
46 mayordomo mayor
• chief steward• head and shoulders above• head Southwest• head storekeeper• head-butt• main butler -
47 sudsudoeste
• south-southwest -
48 suroeste
• south-west• southwest -
49 viento poniente
• west-southwest• westbound -
50 Atlántico Sudoccidental
m.Southwest Atlantic. -
51 del sudsudoeste
adj.south-southwest. -
52 oesudoeste
m.west-southwest. -
53 oesudueste
m.west-southwest. -
54 Pacífico Sudoccidental
f. & m.Southwest Pacific. -
55 Key to Sources Frequently Cited
Adams - Western Words: A Dictionary of the Old WestBentley - A Dictionary of Spanish Terms in English, withBlevins - Dictionary of the American WestCabrera - Diccionario de aztequismosCarlisle - “A Southwestern Dictionary”Clark - Western Lore and Language: A Dictionary for Enthusiasts of the American WestCobos A Dictionary of New Mexico and Southern ColoradoCorominas Breve diccionario etimológico de la lengua castellana or Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánicoDARE Dictionary of American Regional EnglishDM Diccionario de mejicanismosDRAE Diccionario de la Real Academia EspañolaHendrickson Happy Trails: A Dictionary of Western ExpressionsHoy Spanish Terms of the Sonoran Dessert Borderlands:A Basic GlossaryIslas Vocabulario campesino nacionalOED Oxford English DictionaryRoyal Academy Diccionario de la Real Academia EspañolaSantamaría Diccionario de mejicanismosSobarzo Vocabulario sonorenseSmith A Southwestern Vocabulary: The Words They UsedVCN Vocabulario campesino nacionalVS Vocabulario sonorenseWatts A Dictionary of the Old West -
56 adobero
(Sp. model spelled same [aðoβéro] < adobe [see above] and the agentive suffix -ero 'occupation, profession, job')Hoy's definition is correct: "a maker of adobes." Hendrickson also notes that the phrase "adobe-maker" was used pejoratively to refer to Mexicans.According to Watts (who, in turn, refers to Adams), this expression meant to put a man up against a wall and shoot him, and probably originated in the 1870s when Texan cattle rustlers (or retrievers) were caught and executed in Mexico and the Southwest. -
57 aguaje
SW: Texas, Arizona, New Mexico, and California, according to the DM. According to Hoy, "any place for obtaining water." The DRAE notes an older, maritime usage meaning a provision of water or a place for obtaining potable water. All Spanish sources also note its usage as a watering hole, spring, or drinking trough for wild or domesticated animals, particularly cattle. The borderlands cowboy was undoubtedly familiar with this term since potable water in the desert regions of the Southwest was a primary concern for both humans and animals. -
58 aguardiente
(Sp. model spelled same [agwarðjénte] compound, agglutinated Spanish form < Latin aqua 'water' and arder < Latin ardere 'to burn, be on fire' plus the Spanish suffix - iente equivalent to the English - ing, in this case, literally burning water; hence, fire, or fiery, water)DARE: 1818. According to the OED, it originally referred to "a coarse kind of brandy made in Spain and Portugal" and was extended to native whiskey in the Southwest. Watts notes the continued evolution of the term: it also came to refer to spirits distilled from Mexican red wine or rum. As the Spanish sources note, it can refer to any distilled drink where the resultant alcohol is diluted with water. Hence it is a generic term translatable as booze (Blevins), strong (alcoholic) drink, or liquor (Hendrickson). It is likely that this generic meaning was the one used by cowboys and American Indians alike.Alternate forms: agua ardiente, aguadiente, aguadinte, aguardent, aquadiente, aquadinte, aquardiente, aquedent, aquediente, argadent, awerdente, awerdenty. -
59 ajicola
( ajícola [axíkola] < compound form agglutinated from Spanish ajo 'garlic' < Latin alium, Spanish y 'and'; cola 'glue' < Latin collam)Smith states that the term refers to "a sort of mucilage or glue made in the Southwest by cowhands from leather-cuttings mixed with garlic and boiled into a paste." The DRAE provides a similar definition, although neither source indicates how it was used by buckaroos. -
60 alcalde
(Sp. model spelled same [alkájde] < Arabic al-quadl 'the judge')DARE: 1821 (Texas). Hoy notes that in colonial times this term referred to a town leader who wore several hats. He could act as judge in both civil and some minor criminal matters. He was also the presiding authority in the alcaldía, holding a higher position than the regidores, city legislators who collected tribute along with the alcalde. In Texas, during the 1830s, the term broadened significantly in meaning. Watts indicates that what it signified was roughly equivalent to a combination of mayor, chief of police and judge in the Southwest, particularly among the Mexican poblados. Clark adds that the term was also used to refer to a "somewhat important or self-important local person." Bentley notes that the term is sometimes confused with Spanish alcaide, meaning "the officer charged with the defense of a fort or castle." According to the DRAE, the term can refer to the president of a town council (or mayor) or to a municipal judge.Alternate forms: alcade, alcaide.Although Hollywood has greatly exaggerated the type and frequency of criminal activities that cowboys engaged in, no doubt a few renegades appeared before an alcalde to answer to the demands of justice.
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