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soda-and-acid

Толкование Перевод

1 soda-and-acid

щелочно-кислотный soda-and-acid fire extinguisher ≈ щелочно-кислотный огнетушитель

Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > soda-and-acid
2 soda-and-acid

щелочно-кислотный

soda-and-acid fire extinguisher — щелочно-кислотный огнетушитель

Англо-русский технический словарь > soda-and-acid
3 soda-and-acid fire extinguisher

Техника: щёлочно-кислотный огнетушитель

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > soda-and-acid fire extinguisher
4 щелочно-кислотный

soda-and-acid

Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > щелочно-кислотный
5 extinguisher

1) гасильщик

2) гаситель
3) тушитель
– fire extinguisher

dry powder fire extinguisher — сухой огнетушитель

foam fire extinguisher — пенный огнетушитель

portable fire extinguisher — переносной огнетушитель

soda-and-acid fire extinguisher — щелочно-кислотный огнетушитель

Англо-русский технический словарь > extinguisher
6 fire

1) огонь

2) дымографный
3) костер
4) огневой
5) огненный
6) пал
7) пирометаллургический
8) пожар
9) пожарный
10) топить
11) обжигать
12) <engin.> отпирать
13) прокаливать
14) срабатывать
15) зажигать
16) воспламеняться
17) вести огонь
18) пламень
19) пламя
20) колосниковый
21) противопожарный
22) огнеупорный
23) огнестойкость
– advanced fire
– bank up fire
– contain fire
– crowning fire
– extinguish the fire
– fire a shot
– fire airplane
– fire alarm
– fire axe
– fire ball
– fire bar
– fire barrier
– fire boat
– fire box
– fire box door
– fire brick
– fire bridge
– fire clay
– fire control
– fire crack
– fire detector
– fire door
– fire escape
– fire extinguisher
– fire hazard
– fire helicopter
– fire hole
– fire hose
– fire hydrant
– fire ignitron
– fire line
– fire main
– fire model
– fire pillar
– fire pipe-line
– fire polishing
– fire prevention
– fire protection
– fire pump
– fire retardant
– fire risk
– fire rocket
– fire shot
– fire shrinkage
– fire the refractory
– fire tube
– forest fire
– ground fire
– mine fire
– simulate a fire
– smother fire
– smother the fire
– underground fire

aircraft fire sprinkler — <aeron.> опрыскиватель авиапожарный

dry powder fire extinguisher — сухой огнетушитель

fire a multiple shot — взрывать группу зарядов

fire alarm box — известитель пожарный

fire coat of enamel — обжигать эмаль

fire control computer — счетно-решающее устройство для управления артиллерийским огнем

fire control director — прибор управления артиллерийским огнем

fire dies out — огонь гаснет

fire holes in multiples — взрывать шпуры группами

fire resistance test — испытание на огнестойкость

fire rocket engine — запускать ракетный двигатель

fire sample bullet — выстреливать боек грунтоноса

fire shots in rounds — взрывать шпуры циклами

fire with fuze — взрывать огнепроводным шнуром

foam fire extinguisher — пенный огнетушитель

heat-actuated fire door — автоматическая пожарная дверь

incipient stage of fire — зарождающийся пожар

portable fire extinguisher — переносной огнетушитель

soda-and-acid fire extinguisher — щелочно-кислотный огнетушитель

wide-spray fire pump — широкозахватный брандсбойт

Англо-русский технический словарь > fire
7 Bevan, Edward John

SUBJECT AREA: Synthetic materials, Textiles

[br]

b. 11 December 1856 Birkenhead, England

d. 17 October 1921 London, England

[br]

English co-inventor of the " viscose rayon " process for making artificial silk.

[br]

Bevan began his working life as a chemist in a soap works at Runcorn, but later studied chemistry at Owens College, Manchester. It was there that he met and formed a friendship with C.F. Cross, with whom he started to work on cellulose. Bevan moved to a paper mill in Scotland but then went south to London, where he and Cross set up a partnership in 1885 as consulting and analytical chemists. Their work was mainly concerned with the industrial utilization of cellulose, and with the problems of the paper and jute industries. Their joint publication, A Text-book of Paper-making, which first appeared in 1888 and went into several editions, became the standard reference and textbook on the subject. The book has a long introductory chapter on cellulose.

In 1892 Cross, Bevan and Clayton Beadle discovered viscose, or sodium cellulose xanthate, and took out the patent which was to be the foundation of the "viscose rayon" industry. They had their own laboratory at Station Avenue, Kew Gardens, where they carried out much work that eventually resulted in viscose: cellulose, usually in the form of wood pulp, was treated first with caustic soda and then with carbon disulphide to form the xanthate, which was then dissolved in a solution of dilute caustic soda to produce a viscous liquid. After being aged, the viscose was extruded through fine holes in a spinneret and coagulated in a dilute acid to regenerate the cellulose as spinnable fibres. At first there was no suggestion of spinning it into fibre, but the hope was to use it for filaments in incandescent electric light bulbs. The sheen on the fibres suggested their possible use in textiles and the term "artificial silk" was later introduced. Cross and Bevan also discovered the acetate "Celanese", which was cellulose triacetate dissolved in acetone and spun in air, but both inventions needed much development before they could be produced commercially.

In 1892 Bevan turned from cellulose to food and drugs and left the partnership to become Public Analyst to Middlesex County Council, a post he held until his death, although in 1895 he and Cross published their important work Cellulose. He was prominent in the affairs of the Society of Public Analysts and became one of its officials.

[br]

Bibliography

1888, with C.F.Cross, A Text-book of Papermaking.

1892, with C.F.Cross and C.Beadle, British patent no. 8,700 (viscose). 1895, with C.F.Cross, Cellulose.

Further Reading

Obituary, 1921, Journal of the Chemical Society.

Obituary, 1921, Journal of the Society of Chemical Industry.

Edwin J.Beer, 1962–3, "The birth of viscose rayon", Transactions of the Newcomen Society 35 (an account of the problems of developing viscose rayon; Beer worked under Cross in the Kew laboratories).

RLH

Biographical history of technology > Bevan, Edward John
8 Cotton Flax

COTTON FLAX
A name given to flax fibres that have been steeped in a weak solution of caustic soda, boiled in a vat containing 5 per cent of carbonate of soda, and immersed in a vat of water acidulated with sulphuric acid.

Dictionary of the English textile terms > Cotton Flax
9 Leblanc, Nicolas

SUBJECT AREA: Chemical technology

[br]

b. 6 December 1742 Ivey-le-Pré, France

d. 16 January 1806 Paris, France

[br]

French chemist, inventor of the Leblanc process for the manufacture of soda.

[br]

Orphaned at an early age, Leblanc was sent by his guardian, a doctor, to study medicine at the Ecole de Chirurgie in Paris. Around 1780 he entered the service of the Duke of Orléans as Surgeon. There he was able to pursue his interest in chemistry by carrying out research, particularly into crystallization; this bore fruit in a paper to the Royal Academy of Sciences in 1786, published in 1812 as a separate work entitled Crystallotechnie. At that time there was much concern that supplies of natural soda were becoming insufficient to meet the increasing demands of various industries, textile above all. In 1775 the Academy offered a prize of 2,400 livres for a means of manufacturing soda from sea salt. Several chemists studied the problem, but the prize was never awarded. However, in 1789 Leblanc reported in the Journal de physique for 1789 that he had devised a process, and he applied to his patron for support. The Duke had the process subjected to tests, and when these proved favourable he, with Leblanc and the referee, formed a company in February 1790 to exploit it. A patent was granted in 1791 and, with the manufacture of a vital substance at low cost based on a raw material, salt in unlimited supply, a bright prospect seemed to open out for Leblanc. The salt was treated with sulphuric acid to form salt-cake (sodium sulphate), which was then rotated with coal and limestone to form a substance from which the soda was extracted with water followed by evaporation. Hydrochloric acid was a valuable by-product, from which could be made calcium chloride, widely used in the textile and paper industries. The factory worked until 1793, but did not achieve regular production, and then disaster struck: Leblanc's principal patron, the Duke of Orléans, perished under the guillotine in the reign of terror; the factory was sequestered by the Revolutionary government and the agreement was revoked. Leblanc laboured in vain to secure adequate compensation. Eventually a grant was made towards the cost of restoring the factory, but it was quite inadequate, and in despair, Leblanc shot himself. However, his process proved to be one of the greatest inventions in the chemical industry, and was taken up in other countries and remained the leading process for the production of soda for a century. In 1855 his family tried again to vindicate his name and achieve compensation, this time with success.

[br]

Further Reading

A.A.Leblanc, 1884, Nicolas Leblanc, sa vie, ses travaux et l'histoire de la soude artificielle, Paris (the standard biography, by his grandson).

For more critical studies, see: C.C.Gillispie, 1957, "The discovery of the Leblanc process", Isis 48:152–70; J.G.Smith, 1970, "Studies in certain chemical industries in revolutionary and Napoleonic France", unpublished PhD thesis, Leeds University.

LRD

Biographical history of technology > Leblanc, Nicolas
10 mud

1. буровой раствор, промывочная жидкость, глинистый раствор

2. буровая грязь, извлекаемая желонкой или песочным насосом при ударно-канатном бурении

low fluid loss mud — буровой раствор с низкой водоотдачей

low water loss mud — low fluid loss mud

oil and gas-cut mud — буровой раствор, загрязнённый нефтью и газированный

oil and sulphur water-cut mud — буровой раствор, загрязнённый нефтью и сероводородной водой

relax fluid loss mud — буровой раствор с нефтяным фильтратом

slightly oil and gas-cut mud — буровой раствор со следами нефти и газа

very heavily oil-cut mud — буровой раствор с очень высоким содержанием пластовой нефти

very slight gas-cut mud — буровой раствор с очень слабыми признаками газа

water-base oil emulsion mud — эмульсионный буровой раствор на водной основе

— acid-cut mud

— aerated mud

— base mud

— bentonitic mud

— bore mud

— brine mud

— bulk mud

— clay mud

— clean mud

— colloidal mud

— conventional mud

— cut mud

— cuttings laden mud

— drilling mud

— dry mud

— emulsion mud

— fluffy mud

— gas cut mud

— gel-water mud

— gyp mud

— heavy mud

— high pH mud

— high solids mud

— invert emulsion mud

— junk mud

— kill mud

— light-weight mud

— lime base mud

— lime treated mud

— liquid mud

— low colloid mud

— low solids mud

— low viscosity mud

— mature mud

— mud off

— mud up

— native mud

— natural mud

— non-weighted mud

— oil emulsion mud

— oil-base mud

— oil-cut mud

— poor mud

— premium mud

— ready made mud

— reconditioned mud

— red lime mud

— red mud

— return mud

— rotary mud

— sand laden mud

— shale control mud

— shale laden mud

— slightly gas-cut mud

— solids free mud

— thick mud

— thin mud

— waste mud

— water mud

— water-base mud

— water-cut mud

— weighted mud

* * *

буровой раствор

aluminate clay drilling mud — глинистый алюминатный буровой раствор

aqueous base drilling mud — буровой раствор на водной основе

aqueous clay base drilling mud — глинистый буровой раствор на водной основе

attapulgite-salt water drilling mud — аттапульгитовый буровой раствор на солёной воде

base clay drilling mud — глинистый исходный буровой раствор

brackish water drilling mud — буровой раствор на солоноватой воде

calcium inert drilling mud — инертный к кальцию буровой раствор

calcium treated drilling mud — буровой раствор, обработанный кальцием

chemically treated drilling mud — буровой раствор, обработанный химическими реагентами

chrome lignosulfonate drilling mud — хромлигносульфанатный буро вой раствор

diesel oil drilling mud — буровой раствор на основе дизельного топлива

drilling mud immune to salt — буровой раствор, невосприимчивый к действию соли

drilling mud resistant to bacterial attack — буровой раствор, устойчивый против действия бактерий

drilling mud weighted barite — буровой раствор, утяжелённый баритом

fresh water-base drilling mud — буровой раствор на основе пресной воды

heavily oil-cut drilling mud — буровой раствор с высоким содержанием пластовой нефти

high lime content drilling mud — высокоизвестковый буровой раствор

high pH drilling mud — высокощелочной буровой раствор

highly corrosive drilling mud — высококоррозионный буровой раствор

highly mineralized drilling mud — высокоминерализованный буровой раствор

humate-sodium chromate drilling mud — гуматно-хромонатриевый буровой раствор

kill weight drilling mud — буровой раствор для глушения скважины; буровой раствор, уравновешивающий пластовое давление

low lime content drilling mud — малоизвестковистый буровой раствор

low pH drilling mud — низкощелочной буровой раствор

low solids drilling mud — буровой раствор с низким содержанием твёрдой фазы

low water-loss drilling mud — буровой раствор с низкой водоотдачей

minimum solids drilling mud — буровой раствор с низким содержанием твёрдой фазы

nonpolluting oil drilling mud — буровой раствор на углеводородной основе, не загрязняющий окружающей среды

oil-in-water emulsion drilling mud — нефтеэмульсионный буровой раствор

relaxed filtrate oil drilling mud — буровой раствор на углеводородной основе с частично фильтрующейся углеводородной фазой

salt water-base drilling mud — буровой раствор на основе солёной воды

saturated salt water-starch drilling mud — насыщенный солью крахмальный буровой раствор

saturated salt-water drilling mud — буровой раствор на насыщенной солью воде

silicate drilling mud with sodium chloride — силикатонатриевый буровой раствор

tannic-acid treated drilling mud — буровой раствор, содержащий дубильную кислоту

thin clay drilling mud — малоглинистый буровой раствор,

to heavy up drilling mud — утяжелять буровой раствор;

to make up drilling mud into a well — доливать буровой раствор в скважину;

to reclaim liquid drilling mud — регенерировать жидкую фазу бурового раствора;

to stabilize drilling mud — стабилизировать свойства бурового раствора

water starch high pH drilling mud — высокощелочной водный крахмальный буровой раствор

water-base oil-emulsion drilling mud — нефтеэмульсионный буровой раствор на водной основе

well killing drilling mud — буровой раствор для глушения скважин

— aerated drilling mud

— agitated drilling mud

— alkaline drilling mud

— alkaline-lignite drilling mud

— aluminate drilling mud

— aqueous drilling mud

— bacteriostatic drilling mud

— bentonite drilling mud

— biopolimer drilling mud

— bitumen-line drilling mud

— calcium drilling mud

— calcium-chloride drilling mud

— chromate-treated drilling mud

— chrome-lignite drilling mud

— circulating drilling mud

— clay drilling mud

— clay-chemical drilling mud

— clayless drilling mud

— clean drilling mud

— coagulated drilling mud

— colloidal drilling mud

— conditioned drilling mud

— contaminated drilling mud

— cooled drilling mud

— corrosive drilling mud

— cuttings-laden drilling mud

— degassed drilling mud

— displacement drilling mud

— drilling mud

— emulsion drilling mud

— extra-heavy drilling mud

— fine-particle drilling mud

— fresh-drilling mud

— gas-cut drilling mud

— gas-saturated drilling mud

— gassy drilling mud

— gelled drilling mud

— gel-water mud

— gypsum drilling mud

— gypsum-treated drilling mud

— harmful drilling mud

— heat-resistant drilling mud

— high-alkalinity drilling mud

— high-viscosity drilling mud

— humate-silicate drilling mud

— hydrocarbon-base drilling mud

— inhibited drilling mud

— inhibitor drilling mud

— inverted-emulsion drilling mud

— lightened drilling mud

— light-weight drilling mud

— lignite drilling mud

— lignosulphonate drilling mud

— lime-base drilling mud

— limed drilling mud

— lime-treated drilling mud

— loaded mud

— low-alkalinity drilling mud

— low-mineralized drilling mud

— low-viscosity drilling mud

— mature drilling mud

— medium-viscosity drilling mud

— natural drilling mud

— nonsaline drilling mud

— oil-base drilling mud

— oil-emulsion drilling mud

— overloaded drilling mud

— polymer drilling mud

— polyphosphate drilling mud

— reconditioned drilling mud

— red drilling mud

— returning drilling mud

— saline drilling mud

— salt-inert drilling mud

— salt-resistant drilling mud

— salty mud

— seawater drilling mud

— silicate drilling mud

— silicate-soda drilling mud

— sludge drilling mud

— solid-free drilling mud

— spud drilling mud

— stabilized drilling mud

— starch-lime drilling mud

— surfactant drilling mud

— tagged drilling mud

— thermostable drilling mud

— thick drilling mud

— thickened drilling mud

— thinned drilling mud

— toxic drilling mud

— tracer drilling mud

— treated drilling mud

— untreated drilling mud

— waste drilling mud

— water-base drilling mud

— weighted drilling mud

* * *

промывочная жидкость

* * *

1) буровой раствор; промывочная жидкость; глинистый раствор

2) буровая грязь ()

•

to control properties of drilling mud — регулировать свойства бурового раствора;

to heavy up drilling mud — утяжелять буровой раствор;

to make up drilling mud into a well — доливать буровой раствор в скважину;

to mud off — глинизировать стенки скважины; закупоривать проницаемый () пласт; закупоривать продуктивный горизонт;

to reclaim liquid drilling mud — регенерировать жидкую фазу бурового раствора;

to stabilize drilling mud — стабилизировать свойства бурового раствора;

mud to surface — восходящий поток бурового раствора;

to mud up — глинизировать; подавать буровой раствор, добавлять буровой раствор (); переходить на промывку скважины буровым раствором ( после бурения с продувкой воздухом)

- abrasive mud
- acid-cut mud
- aerated drilling mud
- agitated drilling mud
- alkaline drilling mud
- alkaline-lignite drilling mud
- aluminate clay drilling mud
- aluminate drilling mud
- aqueous base drilling mud
- aqueous clay base drilling mud
- aqueous drilling mud
- attapulgite-salt water drilling mud
- bacteriostatic drilling mud
- base mud
- base clay drilling mud
- bentonitic drilling mud
- biopolimer drilling mud
- bitumen-line drilling mud
- bore mud
- borehole mud
- boring mud
- brackish water drilling mud
- brine mud
- bulk mud
- calcium-chloride drilling mud
- calcium-drilling mud
- calcium-inert drilling mud
- calcium-treated drilling mud
- carbonate drilling mud
- cement-cut mud
- chemically treated drilling mud
- chemically unstable mud
- chromate-treated drilling mud
- chrome-lignite drilling mud
- chrome-lignosulfonate drilling mud
- circulating drilling mud
- clay mud
- clay-chemical drilling mud
- clayless drilling mud
- clean mud
- coagulated drilling mud
- colloidal drilling mud
- condensate-cut mud
- conditional drilling mud
- conditioned drilling mud
- conductive mud
- contaminated drilling mud
- conventional mud
- cooled drilling mud
- corrosive drilling mud
- cut mud
- cuttings-laden drilling mud
- degassed drilling mud
- diesel-oil drilling mud
- displacement drilling mud
- driller's mud
- drilling mud
- drilling mud immune to salt
- drilling mud resistant to bacterial attack
- drilling mud weighted barite
- dry mud
- electrically conductive mud
- emulsified drilling mud
- emulsion drilling mud
- extra-heavy drilling mud
- fine-particle drilling mud
- fluffy mud
- fresh-drilling mud
- fresh water-base drilling mud
- gas-and-oil-cut mud
- gas-cut drilling mud
- gas-saturated drilling mud
- gassy drilling mud
- gel mud
- gelled drilling mud
- gel-water mud
- gyp mud
- gypsum drilling mud
- gypsum-treated drilling mud
- harmful drilling mud
- heat-resistant drilling mud
- heavily gas-cut mud
- heavily oil-and-gas-cut mud
- heavily oil-cut drilling mud
- heavily water-cut mud
- heavy mud
- high alkalinity drilling mud
- high lime content drilling mud
- high pH drilling mud
- high salinity oil mud
- high solids mud
- high viscosity drilling mud
- highly corrosive drilling mud
- highly mineralized drilling mud
- hole mud
- humate-silicate drilling mud
- humate-sodium chromate drilling mud
- hydrocarbon-base drilling mud
- influx-contaminated mud
- inhibited drilling mud
- inhibitor drilling mud
- inverted emulsion mud
- invert-emulsion mud
- invert-oil mud
- junk mud
- kill mud
- kill weight drilling mud
- light-weight drilling mud
- lightened drilling mud
- light-weight mud
- lignite drilling mud
- lignosulphonate drilling mud
- lime mud
- lime-base drilling mud
- limed drilling mud
- lime-treated drilling mud
- liquid mud
- loaded mud
- low-alkalinity drilling mud
- low-colloid mud
- low-fluid loss mud
- low-lime content drilling mud
- low-mineralized drilling mud
- low-pH drilling mud
- low-solids drilling mud
- low-viscosity drilling mud
- low-water-loss drilling mud
- mature drilling mud
- medium-viscosity drilling mud
- minimum solids drilling mud
- native mud
- natural mud
- nonconductive mud
- nonpolluting oil drilling mud
- nonradioactive mud
- nonsaline drilling mud
- nontoxic oil drilling mud
- nonweighted mud
- oil-and-gas-cut mud
- oil-and-sulfur water-cut mud
- oil-base drilling mud
- oil-continuous mud
- oil-cut mud
- oil-emulsion drilling mud
- oil-in-water emulsion drilling mud
- overloaded drilling mud
- polymer drilling mud
- polyphosphate drilling mud
- poor mud
- premium mud
- ready-made mud
- reconditioned drilling mud
- red drilling mud
- red lime mud
- relax fluid loss mud
- relaxed filtrate oil drilling mud
- return mud
- returning drilling mud
- rotary mud
- saline drilling mud
- salt-base mud
- salt-inert drilling mud
- salt-resistant drilling mud
- salt-water-base drilling mud
- salty mud
- sand-laden mud
- saturated salt-water drilling mud
- saturated salt-water-starch drilling mud
- seawater drilling mud
- shale-control mud
- shale-laden mud
- silicate drilling mud
- silicate drilling mud with sodium chloride
- silicate-soda drilling mud
- slightly gas-cut mud
- slightly oil-and-gas-cut mud
- sludge drilling mud
- solid-free drilling mud
- spud drilling mud
- stabilized drilling mud
- starch-lime drilling mud
- stiff foam aerated mud
- surfactant drilling mud
- tagged drilling mud
- tannic-acid treated drilling mud
- thermostable drilling mud
- thick drilling mud
- thickened drilling mud
- thin mud
- thin clay drilling mud
- thinned drilling mud
- toxic drilling mud
- tracer drilling mud
- treated drilling mud
- untreated drilling mud
- very heavily oil-cut mud
- very slight gas-cut mud
- waste mud
- water mud
- water-base drilling mud
- water-base oil-emulsion drilling mud
- water-bentonite-base mud
- water-cut mud
- water starch high pH drilling mud
- weighted drilling mud
- well killing drilling mud
* * *

Промывочная жидкость

Англо-русский словарь нефтегазовой промышленности > mud
11 Weldon, Walter

SUBJECT AREA: Chemical technology

[br]

b. 31 October 1832 Loughborough, England

d. 20 September 1885 Burstow, Surrey, England

[br]

English industrial chemist.

[br]

It was intended that Weldon should enter his father's factory in Loughborough, but he decided instead to turn to journalism, which he pursued with varying success in London. His Weldon's Register of Facts and Occurrences in Literature, Science, and Art ran for only four years, from 1860 to 1864, but the fashion magazine Weldon's Journal, which he published with his wife, was more successful. Meanwhile Weldon formed an interest in chemistry, although he had no formal training in that subject. He devoted himself to solving one of the great problems of industrial chemistry at that time. The Leblanc process for the manufacture of soda produced large quantities of hydrochloric acid in gas form. By this time, this by-product was being converted, by oxidation with manganese dioxide, to chlorine, which was much used in the textile and paper industries as a bleaching agent. The manganese ended up as manganese chloride, from which it was difficult to convert back to the oxide, for reuse in treating the hydrochloric acid, and it was an expensive substance. Weldon visited the St Helens district of Lancashire, an important centre for the manufacture of soda, to work on the problem. During the three years from 1866 to 1869, he took out six patents for the regeneration of manganese dioxide by treating the manganese chloride with milk of lime and blowing air through it. The Weldon process was quickly adopted and had a notable economic effect: the price of bleaching powder came down by £6 per ton and production went up fourfold.

By the time of his death, nearly all chlorine works in the world used Weldon's process. The distinguished French chemist J.B.A.Dumas said of the process, when presenting Weldon with a gold medal, "every sheet of paper and every yard of calico has been cheapened throughout the world". Weldon played an active part in the founding of the Society of Chemical Industry.

[br]

Principal Honours and Distinctions

FRS 1882. President, Society of Chemical Industry 1883–4.

Further Reading

T.C.Barker and J.R.Harris, 1954, A Merseyside Town in the Industrial Revolution: St Helens, 1750–1900, Liverpool: Liverpool University Press; reprinted with corrections, 1959, London: Cass.

S.Miall, 1931, A History of the British Chemical Industry.

LRD

Biographical history of technology > Weldon, Walter
12 Khaki Colour Test

KHAKI COLOUR TEST
The official test for khaki colour fastness of the U.S.A. Army is as follows: - (1) Steeping the cloth for 24 hours in lactic acid of 1.21 sp. gr. (2) Steeping the cloth for 24 hours in a solution of 3 drams of citric acid in two fluid ounces of cold water. (3) Treating the cloth for one hour in 3° Tw. of chloride of lime. (4) Treating the cloth for 10 minutes in commercial muriatic acid H.Ce of about 20°, and then rinsing it. (5) After wetting the cloth in water, dip in a solution of one part of permanganate of potash in 16 times its weight of cold water and then steeping for 10 minutes in a solution of bisulphite of soda in 10 times its weight of cold water. (6) Washing and completely drying the cloth three times with Army oleine soap. (7) Boiling the cloth for 10 minutes in a solution of 80 grains of common laundry soap in a pint of water. The decolouring of the cloth must not be greater after these tests than that shown by the standard samples after similar treatment.

Dictionary of the English textile terms > Khaki Colour Test
13 Muspratt, James

SUBJECT AREA: Chemical technology

[br]

b. 12 August 1793 Dublin, Ireland

d. 4 May 1886 Seaforth Hall, near Liverpool, England

[br]

British industrial chemist.

[br]

Educated in Dublin, Muspratt was apprenticed at the age of 14 to a wholesale chemist and druggist, with whom he remained for three or four years. Muspratt then went in search of the Napoleonic War and found it first in Spain and finally as Second Officer on a naval vessel. Finding the life unpleasantly harsh, he left his ship off Swansea and returned to Dublin around 1814. Soon afterwards, he received an inheritance, much reduced and delayed by litigation in Chancery. He began manufacturing chemicals in a small way and from 1818 set up as a manufacturer of prussiate of potash. In 1823, Muspratt took advantage of the removal of the salt tax to establish the first plant in England for the largescale manufacture of soda by the Leblanc process. His first soda works was on the outskirts of Liverpool, but when this proved inadequate, he established a larger factory at St Helens, Lancashire, where the raw materials lay close at hand. This district has remained an important centre of the British chemical industry ever since. Although the plant was successful commercially, there were environmental problems. The equipment for condensing the hydrochloric acid gas produced were inadequate and this caused extensive damage to local vegetation, so that Muspratt had to contend with legal action lasting from 1832 to 1850. Eventually Muspratt moved his alkali manufacture to Widnes, which also became a great centre for the chemical industry.

[br]

Further Reading

Obituary, 1886, Journal of the Society of Chemical Industry 5:314. J.F.Allen, 1890, Memoir of James Muspratt, London.

LRD

Biographical history of technology > Muspratt, James
14 Deacon, Henry

SUBJECT AREA: Chemical technology, Textiles

[br]

b. 30 July 1822 London, England

d. 23 July 1876 Widnes, Cheshire, England

[br]

English industrial chemist.

[br]

Deacon was apprenticed at the age of 14 to the London engineering firm of Galloway \& Sons. Faraday was a friend of the family and gave Deacon tuition, allowing him to use the laboratories at the Royal Institution. When the firm failed in 1839, Deacon transferred his indentures to Nasmyth \& Gaskell on the Bridgewater Canal at Patricroft. Nasmyth was then beginning work on his steam hammer and it is said that Deacon made the first model of it, for patent purposes. Around 1848, Deacon joined Pilkington's, the glassmakers at St Helens, where he learned the alkali industry, which was then growing up in that district on account of the close proximity of the necessary raw materials, coal, lime and salt. Wishing to start out on his own, he worked as Manager at the chemical works of a John Hutchinson. This was followed by a partnership with William Pilkington, a former employer, who was later replaced by Holbrook Gaskell, another former employer. Deacon's main activity was the manufacture of soda by the Leblanc process. He sought improvement by substituting the ammonia-soda process, but this failed and did not succeed until it was perfected by Solvay. Deacon did, however, with his Chief Chemist F.Hurter, introduce improvements in the Leblanc process during the period 1866–70. Hydrochloric acid, which had previously been a waste product and a nuisance, was oxidized catalytically to chlorine; this could be converted with lime to bleaching powder, which was in heavy demand by the textile industry. The process was patented in 1870.

[br]

Further Reading

D.W.F.Hardie, 1950, A History of the Chemical Industry in Widnes, London. J.Fenwick Allen, 1907, Some Founders of the Chemical Industry, London.

LRD

Biographical history of technology > Deacon, Henry
15 Carbonisation

CARBONISATION
A process used in the woollen trade for removing burrs and vegetable matter from wools, and also to destroy all vegetable matter in rags containing mixed fibre. The process can be carried out by steeping the material in a solution of sulphuric acid at about 140 deg, to 180 deg. F. and then drying. The vegetable fibre is decomposed and is readily removed by willowing; the wool fibre is practically unaffected, after treatment with soda-ash and washing removes any excess of acid.

Dictionary of the English textile terms > Carbonisation
16 Madder Bleach

MADDER BLEACH
The most thorough bleach that cotton cloth receives. The process takes about four days and consists of several long boilings with alkalies and a final treatment with bleaching powder. It gives a full white and is generally used for goods to be printed. The usual procedure is as follows: - (1) Singeing to burn off all loose fibre. (2) Grey soaking, a simple steeping in water. (3) Lime boil, boiling in lime water for about ten hours under pressure, then washed in water. (4) Lime sour, a washing in cold acid solution of about 1 per cent strength. (5) and (6) Lye boilings in dilute solutions of caustic soda with resin soap for about ten hours. The sixth operation omits resin soap. (7) Chemicking, treatment in cold dilute solutions of bleaching powder, afterwards washing in water. (8) White sour, treatment in cold dilute acid solution as in No. 4. (9) Thorough washing in water and then drying.

Dictionary of the English textile terms > Madder Bleach
17 Mitscherlich, Alexander

SUBJECT AREA: Paper and printing

[br]

b. 28 May 1836 Berlin, Germany

d. 31 May 1918 Oberstdorf, Germany

[br]

German inventor of sulphite wood pulp for papermaking.

[br]

Mitscherlich had an impeccable scientific background; his father was the celebrated chemist Eilhardt Mitscherlich, discoverer of the law of isomorphism, and his godfather was Alexander von Humboldt. At first his progress at school failed to live up to this auspicious beginning and his father would only sanction higher studies if he first qualified as a teacher so as to assure a means of livelihood. Alexander rose to the occasion and went on to gain his doctorate at the age of 25 in the field of mineralogical chemistry. He worked for a few years as Assistant to the distinguished chemists Wöhler in Göttingen and Wurtz in Paris. On his father's death in 1863, he succeeded him as teacher of chemistry in the University of Berlin. In 1868 he accepted a post in the newly established Forest Academy in Hannoversch-Munden, teaching chemistry, physics and geology. The post offered little financial advantage, but it left him more time for research. It was there that he invented the process for producing sulphite wood pulp.

The paper industry was seeking new raw materials. Since the 1840s pulp had been produced mechanically from wood, but it was unsuitable for making fine papers. From the mid-1860s several chemists began tackling the problem of separating the cellulose fibres from the other constituents of wood by chemical means. The American Benjamin C.Tilghman was granted patents in several countries for the treatment of wood with acid or bisulphite. Carl Daniel Ekman in Sweden and Karl Kellner in Austria also made sulphite pulp, but the credit for devising the process that came into general use belongs to Mitscherlich. His brother Oskar came to him at the Academy with plans for producing pulp by the action of soda, but the results were inferior, so Mitscherlich substituted calcium bisulphite and in the laboratory obtained good results. To extend this to a large-scale process, he was forced to set up his own mill, where he devised the characteristic towers for making the calcium bisulphite, in which water trickling down through packed lime met a rising current of sulphur dioxide. He was granted a patent in Luxembourg in 1874 and a German one four years later. The sulphite process did not make him rich, for there was considerable opposition to it; government objected to the smell of sulphur dioxide, forestry authorities were anxious about the inroads that might be made into the forests and his patents were contested. In 1883, with the support of an inheritance from his mother, Mitscherlich resigned his post at the Academy to devote more time to promoting his invention. In 1897 he at last succeeded in settling the patent disputes and achieving recognition as the inventor of sulphite pulp. Without this raw material, the paper industry could never have satisfied the insatiable appetite of the newspaper presses.

[br]

Further Reading

H.Voorn "Alexander Mitscherlich, inventor of sulphite wood pulp", Paper Maker 23(1): 41–4.

LRD

Biographical history of technology > Mitscherlich, Alexander
18 Bembergizing

BEMBERGIZING
A German process for giving a high lustre to worsted yarn. The yam is also considerably elongated. In a bath of bisulphite of soda the yam is treated at a high temperature and under tension to prevent shrinkage, it is then boiled for an hour in a weak solution of mineral acid, under relaxing tension, and finally well rinsed in water.

Dictionary of the English textile terms > Bembergizing
19 pump

1) насос || подавать [нагнетать\] насосом, качать

2) электрон. накачка, возбуждение || накачивать, возбуждать

3) электрон. генератор накачки

4) электрон. излучение накачки

•

to pump in — накачивать;

to pump off — 1. откачивать 2. (быстро) опоражнивать ( скважину скважинным насосом);

to pump out — 1. выкачивать; откачивать 2. вакуумировать, разрежать;

to pump over — перекачивать;

to port the pump — подсоединять линию к насосу;

to supercharge pump — подпитывать насос, создавать давление на всасывании насоса

-
absorption heat pump
-
accelerating pump
-
accelerator pump
-
acid treatment pump
-
adjustable pump
-
adsorption pump
-
aeration jet pump
-
afteroiling pump
-
air pump
-
air-driven pump
-
air-to-air heat pump
-
air-water heat pump
-
American pump
-
angular flow pump
-
appendage pump
-
atmospheric inlet pump
-
autopriming pump
-
auxiliary feedwater pump
-
auxiliary turbine-driven feed pump
-
axial-flow pump
-
axial-piston pump
-
axial-suction pump
-
backing pump
-
ball piston pump
-
ballast pump
-
beet lifting pump
-
beet pump
-
beet pulp pump
-
bent axis-piston pump
-
bilge pump
-
blade sideshift pump
-
blower pump
-
boojee pump
-
boost pump
-
borehole pump
-
brake release pump
-
brine injection pump
-
Butterworth pump
-
cam-vane pump
-
canned pump
-
cargo pump
-
cartridge pump
-
casing sucker rod pump
-
casing pump
-
centrifugal pump
-
charging pump
-
chemical cleaning pump
-
chemical heat pump
-
chemical proportioning pump
-
chemical pump
-
circular casing pump
-
circulating pump
-
clean ballast pump
-
clean pump
-
coal pump
-
coherent pump
-
coil pump
-
cold pump
-
cold-cathode getter-ion pump
-
combination fuel pump
-
combination gear pump
-
compensated pump
-
compression pump
-
concrete pump
-
condensate pump
-
condenser pump
-
constant horsepower output pump
-
constant pressure pump
-
continuous flow pump
-
control pump
-
controlled pump
-
controlled-circulating pump
-
controlled-volume pump
-
coolant pump
-
corrosion-resistant water pump
-
crank pump
-
cryogenic pump
-
cryosorption pump
-
deep-well pump
-
delivery pump
-
dewatering pump
-
diagonal-flow pump
-
diaphragm lift pump
-
diaphragm pump
-
diffuser pump
-
diffusion pump
-
direct-acting pump
-
direct-injection pump
-
discharge pump
-
dispensing pump
-
displacement pump
-
donkey pump
-
dope transfer pump
-
dosing pump
-
double pump
-
double-acting pump
-
double-entry pump
-
double-stage pump
-
double-stroke pump
-
double-suction pump
-
double-volute pump
-
drainage pump
-
dredge pump
-
drilling mud transfer pump
-
drowned pump
-
drum pump
-
dry pump
-
dual-pressure pump
-
duplex pump
-
dye laser pump
-
earth-coupled heat pump
-
ejector pump
-
ejector-compression heat pump
-
electric pump
-
electromagnetic pump
-
electroosmotic pump
-
emulsifying pump
-
end-suction pump
-
energy pump
-
evaporation pump
-
exhaust pump
-
external gear pump
-
extraction pump
-
feathering pump
-
feeding pump
-
feed pump
-
feedwater pump
-
fire pump
-
fire-and-bilge pump
-
fish pump
-
fixed frequency pump
-
fixed-delivery pump
-
flexible hose pump
-
fluid jet pump
-
fluming water pump
-
flushing pump
-
focused pump
-
foot-mounted pump
-
force pump
-
fore pump
-
Francis-type pump
-
fresh feed pump
-
fuel backup pump
-
fuel feed pump
-
fuel injection pump
-
fuel lift pump
-
fuel priming pump
-
fuel pump
-
fuel transfer pump
-
fuel-oil pump
-
full-size boiler feed pump
-
gasoline pump
-
gas-powered pump
-
gear-type pump
-
getter pump
-
getter-ion pump
-
gravel pump
-
ground-driven steer pump
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grouting pump
-
grout pump
-
half-size boiler feed pump
-
hand-operated pump
-
hand pump
-
hand-priming pump
-
harbor pump
-
heat pump
-
heeling pump
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helical rotor pump
-
high-capacity pump
-
high-lift pump
-
high-pressure injection pump
-
high-pressure intensifier pump
-
high-speed pump
-
high-vacuum pump
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horizontal pump
-
hot melt pump
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house service pump
-
hydraulic pump
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hypothetical pump
-
ice-cream pump
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ice-maker heat pump
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immersed pump
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impeller pump
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inclined rotor pump
-
incoherent pump
-
individual injection pump
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injection pump
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ink pump
-
in-line pump
-
insert oil-well pump
-
insert pump
-
integral auxiliary pump
-
internal gear pump
-
ion pump
-
jerk pump
-
jerker pump
-
jet pump
-
Kaplan-type pump
-
light pump
-
line pump
-
linearly polarized pump
-
liquid jet pump
-
liquid metal pump
-
lobe pump
-
low-lift pump
-
low-pressure injection pump
-
low-speed pump
-
lubricant pump
-
magnetic heat pump
-
magnetic-drive pump
-
main circulating pump
-
makeup pump
-
manual pump
-
marine pump
-
mash pump
-
mercury vapor diffusion pump
-
mercury diffusion pump
-
metal hydride heat pump
-
metering pump
-
mine pump
-
mixed-flow pump
-
molecular pump
-
monitor feed pump
-
mortar pump
-
motor pump
-
mud pump
-
multicellular pump
-
multicircuit pump
-
multicylinder pump
-
multiflow lubricating pump
-
multiple gear pump
-
multiple-impeller pump
-
multiple-piston pump
-
multiplunger pump
-
multiscrew pump
-
multistage pump
-
noncompensated pump
-
nonpositive displacement pump
-
nonuplex pump
-
normal-speed pump
-
oil fuel pump
-
oil pump
-
oil well pump
-
oil-diffusion pump
-
oil-free pump
-
oil-measuring pump
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oil-sealed rotary pump
-
oil-transfer pump
-
oil-vapor pump
-
open circuit pump
-
optical pump
-
overboard pump
-
packaged heat pump
-
packmix pump
-
Penning type pump
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Penning pump
-
peripheral pump
-
peristaltic pump
-
photovoltaic water pump
-
pickup pump
-
piston pump
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Pitot tube pump
-
plunger pump
-
positive displacement pump
-
power control pump
-
power pump
-
precharge pump
-
preevacuation pump
-
pressure balanced pump
-
pressure pump
-
primary boiler-feed pump
-
primary circuit pump
-
priming pump
-
propeller pump
-
proportioning pump
-
pulse-free pump
-
pulverized-coal pump
-
purge pump
-
pusher pump
-
push-pull stem control pump
-
quench pump
-
quintuplex pump
-
radial piston pump
-
radial-flow pump
-
ram-type pump
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ram pump
-
raw oil pump
-
reactor containment sump pump
-
reactor coolant pump
-
recharging manual pump
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recharging pump
-
reciprocating pump
-
recirculating pump
-
recycling pump
-
reflux pump
-
replenishing pump
-
reverser pump
-
reversible pump
-
rodless pump
-
rod-line pump
-
roller-vane pump
-
Roots blower pump
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Roots pump
-
rotary pump
-
rotating swash-plate pump
-
rotodynamic pump
-
rotor-type pump
-
roughing pump
-
rough pump
-
salt-water pump
-
salt-water-service pump
-
salvage pump
-
sand pump
-
sanitary pump
-
satellite pump
-
scavenge pump
-
scavenging oil pump
-
scoop pump
-
screen-wash pump
-
screw pump
-
scum pump
-
sealing water pump
-
sea-water pump
-
self-contained heat pump
-
self-priming pump
-
semirotary pump
-
septuplex pump
-
service pump
-
servo-controlled pump
-
sewage pump
-
shell pump
-
shuttle-block oil pump
-
side-channel pump
-
side-suction pump
-
simplex pump
-
single direct-acting pump
-
single-boiler feed pump
-
single-cylinder pump
-
single-entry pump
-
single-plunger pump
-
single-stage pump
-
single-stroke pump
-
sinking pump
-
sliding-vane pump
-
sludge pump
-
slurry pump
-
slush pump
-
soda-circulating pump
-
solar diaphragm pump
-
solar-assisted neat pump
-
sorption pump
-
space conditioning heat pump
-
spinning pump
-
split-packaged heat pump
-
squirt pump
-
steam jet air pump
-
steam jet pump
-
steam-driven pump
-
steam-oil pump
-
steering pump
-
storage pump
-
straight-flow pump
-
stripping pump
-
submerged-type pump
-
submerged pump
-
submersible pump
-
subsurface pump
-
sucker-rod pump
-
suction pump
-
sump pump
-
swinging-vane oil pump
-
tandem pump
-
tank cleaning pump
-
test pump
-
thermal pump
-
thermoelectric heat pump
-
three-screws pump
-
thrust augmentor pump
-
tilted-body pump
-
torque flow pump
-
transfer pump
-
traveling-barrel pump
-
trimming pump
-
trim pump
-
triplex pump
-
tubing oil-well pump
-
tubing pump
-
turbine pump
-
turbo-molecular pump
-
two-lobe rotary pump
-
two-stage pump
-
two-volume pump
-
unit pump
-
vacuum pump
-
valveless pump
-
vane pump
-
vapor-jet pump
-
vapor pump
-
variable-capacity pump
-
variable-displacement pump
-
variable-stroke plunger pump
-
vertical pump
-
volumetric pump
-
volute pump
-
vortex pump
-
vortex-free pump
-
wash-deck pump
-
water pump
-
water-air heat pump
-
water-jet air pump
-
well pump
-
wellpoint pump
-
wet-pit pump
-
wheel pump
-
wind pump
-
wing pump
-
wrecking pump
-
yoke-type bent-axis pump
-
zeolite pump

Англо-русский словарь технических терминов > pump
20 SALT

1. n переговоры по ограничению стратегических вооружений, переговоры ОСВ

SALT-1 — переговоры ОСВ-1 ; переговоры ОСВ первого этапа

suint salt — соль шерстяного пота

SALT agreement — соглашение в рамках ОСВ

first-stage SALT agreement — соглашение о первом этапе ОСВ

second-stage SALT agreement — соглашение о втором этапе ОСВ

2. n договорённости по ограничению стратегических вооружений

SALT-2 — договорённости ОСВ-2

3. n разг. договор по ограничению стратегических вооружений

to ratify SALT-2 — ратифицировать договор ОСВ-

4. n то, что придаёт остроту, вызывает интерес

adventure is the salt of life to him — приключения — вот что составляет соль его жизни; без приключений жизнь кажется ему пресной

salt wall — соляной шток

5. n остроумие

a talk full of salt — остроумная беседа

6. n хим. соль

salt of phosphorus — фосфорная соль

salt washer — устройство для промывки садочной соли рассолом

solar salt — соль, полученная естественным испарением воды

large-grained salt — крупнокристаллическая поваренная соль

salt taste sensitivity — вкусовая чувствительность к соли

packer's salt — соль для консервирования мясных продуктов

7. n фарм. лекарственная соль

a dose of salts — доза слабительного

disodium salt — двунатриевая соль

evaporated salt — выварочная соль

ferrous salt — соль закиси железа

salt content — концентрация солей

salt oven — печь для выварки соли

8. n фарм. нюхательная соль

secondary salt — вторичная соль

sulphonium salt — соль сульфония

Karlsbad salt — карлсбадская соль

adhering salt — поверхностная соль

coarse salt — соль крупного помола

9. n фарм. солонка

10. n фарм. морская вода, входящая в устье реки

salt water intrusion — вторжение морских вод

standard salt water — стандартная соленая вода

gun barrel salt water — промысловые соленые воды

salt water heater — подогреватель забортной воды

sea salt — морская соль; поваренная соль из морской воды

11. n фарм. диал. солончак; низина, затопляемая солёной водой

to go through like a dose of salts — пронестись, промчаться

drilling with salt water — бурение с промывкой соленой водой

salt water disposal well — скважина для сброса соленой воды

bay salt — соль из морской воды

12. a солёный

the food is too salt — пища пересолена

13. a горький, жгучий

salt tears — горькие слёзы

14. a соляной

salt spring — соляной источник

salt glaze — соляная глазурь

salt refuse — соляные отходы

salt tablet — соляная таблетка

salt solution — соляной раствор

spirit of salt — соляная кислота

15. a непристойный, неприличный, «солёный»

salt stories — неприличные анекдоты

16. a редк. острый, едкий

salt wit — едкое остроумие

17. a засоленный, просоленный

salt cod — солёная треска

seasoned with salt — засолил; засоленный

18. a солончаковый

salt pasture — солончаковое пастбище

19. a солевыносливый

salt plants — растения, встречающиеся на солончаках

20. a сл. слишком высокий; непомерно дорогой

road salt — соль для дорог

21. v солить, посолить

to salt butter — присаливать масло

a trace more salt — ещё немного соли

salt retention — задержка выделения соли

bath salt perfume — отдушка в соли для ванн

the soup needs salt — в супе не хватает соли

salt penetration — глубина проникновения соли

22. v солить, засаливать, консервировать

to salt fish — засаливать рыбу

salt liquor blanching — бланширование в растворе соли

salt plant — завод по производству поваренной соли

percentage of salt — содержание соли в процентах

salt spray cabinet — камера для распыления соли

salt pond — бассейн для получения садочной соли

23. v приправлять солью

salt pixel — соль

salt ice — лед с солью

Mohr's salt — соль Мора

acid salt — кислая соль

cat salt — соль из рапы

24. v придавать остроту, пикантность

25. v редк. посыпать солью

to salt snow — посыпать снег солью

Rochelle salt — виннокислый калий-натрий; сегнетова соль

dill oil salt — соль, ароматизированная укропным маслом

cobaltic praseo salt — соль дихлоро-тетраммино-кобальта

kiln-dried salt — поваренная соль, подсушенная в печи

cobaltic xantho salt — соль нитро-пентаммино-кобальта

26. v спец. пропитывать или обрабатывать солями

to salt prices — чрезмерно завышать цены, назначать цены с запросом

cobaltic tetracyanide salt — соль тетрациано-кобальта

cobaltic roseo salt — соль дихлоротетраммино-кобальта

non-effervescent bath salt — нешипучая соль для ванн

highway salt — дорожная противообледенительная соль

herbal bath salt — соль для ванн с экстрактами трав

Синонимический ряд:

1. salted (adj.) corned; cured; dilled; marinated; pickled; preserved; salted; salt-pickled

2. salty (adj.) saliferous; saline; salty

3. living (noun) alimentation; alimony; bread; bread and butter; keep; livelihood; living; maintenance; subsistence; support; sustenance

4. mariner (noun) jack; jack-tar; mariner; sailor; sailorman; seaman; tar; tarpaulin

5. sodium chloride (noun) common salt; condiment; rock salt; sea salt; seasoning; sodium chloride; table salt

6. various mineral chlorides (noun) baking soda; Epsom salts; mineral salt; potassium chloride; purgative; Rochelle salt; saltpeter; tartar salts; various mineral chlorides

7. wit (noun) bite; dry humor; humor; humour; piquancy; punch; pungency; relish; spice; wit

8. add salt (verb) add salt; cure; flavor; flavour; kipper; make tasty; preserve; season; strew salt; treat with salt

English-Russian base dictionary > SALT

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soda water — n. 1. Historical an effervescent solution of water, acid, and sodium bicarbonate 2. a) water charged under pressure with carbon dioxide gas, used in ice cream sodas or as a chaser or mix b) SODA POP … English World dictionary
acid sodium carbonate — Sodium bicarbonate Sodium bicarbonate, a white crystalline substance, {HNaCO3}, with a slight alkaline taste resembling that of sodium carbonate. It is found in many mineral springs and also produced artificially,. It is used in cookery, in… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
acid–base reaction — ▪ chemistry Introduction a type of chemical process typified by the exchange of one or more hydrogen ions, H+, between species that may be neutral (molecules, such as water, H2O; or acetic acid, CH3CO2H) or electrically charged (ions, such… … Universalium
Acid salt — Salt Salt, n. [AS. sealt; akin to OS. & OFries. salt, D. zout, G. salz, Icel., Sw., & Dan. salt, L. sal, Gr. ?, Russ. sole, Ir. & Gael. salann, W. halen, of unknown origin. Cf. {Sal}, {Salad}, {Salary}, {Saline}, {Sauce}, {Sausage}.] 1. The… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Acid-alkali reaction — An acid alkali reaction is a special case of an acid base reaction, where the base used is also an alkali. When an acid reacts with an alkali it forms a metal, salt and water. Acid alkali reactions are also a type of neutralisation reaction.In… … Wikipedia

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