skhadate

cl. 1. Ā. skhadate (pf. caskhade;

(A. pr. skhádate —— /;

burst, rend, Irish sgáinim: *skad-no-, root skhad, sked, skha, split, rend, cut; Greek $$G skedánnumi, scatter; Sanskrit skhádate, split,

Grammatical information: v.

Meaning: `to scatter, to spring, to drive apart', midd. `to disperse, to burst, to go apart, to spread' (Young Att.).

Other forms: σκίδναμαι, - νημι (mostly ep. poet. Il.), σκεδάω? (s. below), fut. σκεδάσω (Thgn.), σκεδῶ (Att.), aor. σκεδάσαι, - σθῆναι (Il.), perf. pass. ἐσκέδασμαι (IA.); also without σ- (metr. cond or metr. used; s. Debrunner IF 45, 183ff., 57, 149 w. lit., Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 110) κεδάσσαι, - σθῆναι (poet. Il.), late pres. forms κεδάννυμι (AP), κεδόωνται (A. R.), ptc. κεδάων (Nic. Al. 283, better than σκεδάων), κεδαίομαι, - αίω (hell. epic).

Compounds: Also w. prefix, esp. ἀπο-, δια-, κατα-.

Derivatives: σκέδ-ασις f. `the scattering' (α 116 = υ 225, Hp. a. o.; Krarup Class. et Med. 10, 5, Porzig Satzinhalte 196), - ασμός m. (hell. a. late), ( δια-)-αστής m. `destroyer' (Ph.), ( δια-) - αστικός `scattering' (Dsc., Lyd.), - αστός `dissolvable' (Pl., Plu.).

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [918] * skd-n-eh₂-mi `split, strew out'

Etymology: The system σκεδάννυμι: σκίδνημι: σκεδάσαι was formed after wellknown examples like πετάννυμι, κεράννυμι a. o. (s. vv. and Schwyzer 697) from an unknown starting point (the aorist?). The other languages present nothing that could be compared directly with the Greek forms. Closest comes (after Jokl IF 30, 196) Alb. tshanj, tshaj `split, tear up, plough' from *sked-n̥-i̯ō. To this with nasal infix Av. sčandayeiti `break, destroy', to which may belong Skt. skhadate `split' (gramm.), if from IE *skh₂n̥d-; the last-mentioned forms can however also be explained from a d-enlarged nasal root * sk(h₂)en-d-. Without anlaut. s- the polyinterpretable Toch. AB kät- `strew (out)', pres. (B) katnau, katnaṃ with nā-suffix and unclear vowel (after v. Windekens Orbis 12, 464f. = Gr. κιδ-). To be mentioned still several verbal nouns, esp. with r-suffix, and verbs built to these: Arm. šert `chip, piece of wood', if from * sk(h₂)ed-ri- (anlaut uncertain), Lith. skedervà f. `splinter', Latv. skadrs `easy to split', Germ., e.g. MEngl. scateren, NEngl. scatter `scatter', MIr. scaindrim `split in two' etc., s. WP. 2, 558 f., 563f., Pok. 918f., 929f., W.-Hofmann s. scandula, Fraenkel s. kedė̃, Vasmer s. ščedryj w. further forms and rich lit. -- Cf. σχίζω. On κέδματα s. v.

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