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abs

1) the sun is setting солнце садится /заходит/

2) his power has begun to set его могущество /власть/ слабеет; his star has set его звезда закатилась; his glory has set его слава померкла

3) cement has set цемент схватился /затвердел/; the glue did not set клей не засох; the jelly has set желе застыло; blood (the white of the egg, etc.) set кровь и т.д. свернулась; the milk set молоко свернулось /створожилось/; all his muscles set все его мускулы напряглись; his face set его лицо-окаменело /застыло/

4) young trees set молодые деревца принялись; the blossoms were abundant but they failed to set цветение было бурным, но плоды не завязались

1) set at some time the sun sets early (late, etc.) солнце заходит рано и т.д.; set in some manner the sun sets slowly солнце медленно садится

2) set somewhere set ashore сойти на берег

3) set at some time the jelly hasn't set yet желе еще не застыло; set in some manner cement (mortar, glue, etc.) sets quickly цемент и т.д. быстро застывает /схватывается/; her hair sets easily ее волосы легко укладывать, у нее послушные волосы; his lips set stubbornly его губы упрямо сжались; his teeth set stubbornly он упрямо стиснул зубы

1) set smth. set a broken bone (dislocated joints, etc.) вправить кость и т.д.; set one's hair укладывать волосы; set the table накрывать на стол; set the stage расставлять декорации; set the scene подготовить обстановку; set the sails а) ставить паруса; б) отправляться в плавание; set a piano настраивать пианино; set a palette подготавливать палитру; set a razor править бритву; set a saw разводить пилу; set a clock (the hands of the watch, the alarm-clock) поставить часы; set the focus of a microscope настроить микроскоп; set a map ориентировать карту

2) set smb., smth. set guards /sentries, watches/ расставлять часовых /караульных и т.п./; set the guard (the pickets) выставлять караул (пикеты)

3) set smth. set the wedding day (the time, a date, a price, etc.) назначать день свадьбы и т.д.; set a fine устанавливать размер штрафа; set the course разработать /выработать/ курс; set standards (limits, a time-limit, boundaries, etc.) устанавливать нормы и т.д.; set requirements определять / вырабатывать/ требования; set a punishment наложить взыскание

4) set smth. set an examination-paper (questions, problems, etc.) составлять письменную экзаменационную работу и т.д.; set a new style (a tone) задавать новый стиль (тон); set the fashion вводить моду; set a new model (a pattern) внедрять новый образец (покрой); set the расе задавать темп; set a record устанавливать рекорд; set a precedent создавать прецедент; set a good (bad) example подавать хороший (дурной) пример

5) set smth. set a trap (a snare) поставить капкан (силки); set an ambush устроить засаду

1) set smth. somewhere set the books back положить /поставить/ книги на место; set the chairs back отодвигать стулья; set back one's shoulders расправить плечи; the dog set its ears back собака прижала уши; set the clock (one's watch, the alarm, the hand of the watch, etc.) back one hour перевести часы /отвести часы/ на один час назад; set one's watch forward one hour поставить /перевести/ часы на один час вперед; set a house well (some distance /some way/, a fair distance, etc.) back from the road (from the street, etc.) построить /поставить/ дом вдали и т.д. от дороги и т.д.; set the book (one's knitting, the newspaper, etc.) aside отложить в сторону /отодвинуть/ книгу и т.A; set down one's load (one's suitcase, a box, etc.) опустить свой груз и т.д. (на землю)-, set the tray down поставить (на стол и т.я.) поднос; set the chair upright поднять стул; set smb. somewhere set the dogs apart растащить [дерущихся] собак; set the children apart отделять /изолировать/ детей

2) set smb., smth. in some direction the current set them (the boat, the ship, etc.) northward (seawards, etc.) течением их и т.д. понесло к северу и т.д.

1) set the boys (the students, the employees, etc.) a difficult job (an easy task, a difficult problem, the job of cleaning the yard, etc.) (заплавать мальчикам и т.д. трудную работу и т.д., set oneself a difficult task ставить перед бабой трудную задачу; set him a sum задавать ему арифметическую задачу; set one's son a goal поставить перед своим сыном цель

2) set the children (the younger boys, youngsters, other people, etc.) a good example подавать детям и т.д. хороший пример; set smb. smth. to do smth. set smb. a standard /a pattern/ to follow служить для кого-л. образцом, которому надо следовать

1) set the window (the door, the gates, etc.) open открывать /оставлять открытым/ окно и т.д.; set the door ajar приоткрывать дверь, оставить дверь полуоткрытой; set one's hat (one's tie, one's skirt, etc.) straight поправить шляпу и т.д., надеть шляпу и т.д. как следует; set the prisoners (the bird, etc.) free освобождать /выпускать на свободу, на волю/ узников и т.д.; set the dog loose спускать собаку (с цепи, с поводка и т.п.); a good night's rest will set you right за ночь вы отдохнете и снова будете хорошо себя чувствовать; why didn't you set the boy right? почему же вы не поправили мальчика?; I can soon set that right я могу это быстро уладить или исправить; set errors right исправлять ошибки; it would set him (myself) right in their eyes это оправдает его (меня) в их глазах; set things /matters/ straight /right/ уладить дела; set things ready приводить все в готовность; set smb.'s curiosity agog возбуждать чье-л. любопытство

2) set a melody half a tone higher (lower) транспонировать мелодию на полтона выше (ниже); set a piano too high настроить фортепиано слишком высоко

1) set smb. to do smth. set the men to chop wood (the men to saw wood, the boys to dig a field, the pupils to work at their algebra, the girl to shell peas, the pupils to sing, etc.) заставлять рабочих колоть дрова и т.д.; I set him to work at mowing the lawn я велел ему /дал ему задание/ постричь газон; я вменил ему в обязанность подстригать газон; whom did you set to do this? кому вы поручили это сделать?; I set myself to study the problem я решил взяться за изучение этого вопроса; he set himself to finish the job by the end of May он твердо решил /поставил себе целью/ закончить работу к концу мая

2) set smth. to do smth. set a machine (a device, a mechanism, etc.) to work приводить в действие /завалять. запускать/ машину и т.д.; set the alarm clock to wake us at seven заводить будильник, чтобы он поднял нас в семь часов, поставить будильник на семь часов

3) set smth. to do smth. set a pattern to be followed подавать пример; создавать пример для подражания

1) be set in (near, round, on, etc.) smth. her house is set well back in the garden (near the road, some way back from the street, on a hill, etc.) ее дом стоит а глубине сада и т.д.; а town (a country-seat, a village, etc.) is set in a woodland (on an island, north of /from/ London, etc.) город и т.д. расположен в лесистой местности и т.д.; а boundary stone is set between two fields поля разделяет межевой камень; а balcony is set round the house вокруг дома идет балкон; the second act (the scene, the play, etc.) is set in ancient Rome (in a street, in Paris, etc.) действие второго акта и т.д. происходит в древнем Риме и т.д.; а screen is set in a wall экран вделан /вмонтирован/ в стену; there was a little door set in a wall в стене была маленькая дверка; а ruby (a diamond, etc.) was set in a buckle (in a gold ring, in an earring, etc.) в пряжку и т.д. был вделан /вставлен/ рубин и т.д.; а ruby is set in gold рубин в золотой оправе /оправлен золотом/; his blue eyes are set deep in a white face на его бледном лице глубоко посажены голубые глаза; the young plants should be set at intervals of six inches эти молодые растения надо сажать на расстоянии шести дюймов [друг от друга]; be set with smth. the coast is set with modem resorts на побережье раскинулось множество современных курортов; the tops of the wall were set with broken glass верхний край стены был утыкан битым стеклом; the room is set with tables and chairs комната заставлена столами и стульями; tables were set with little sprays of blue flowers столы были украшены маленькими букетиками синих цветов: the field was set with daisies поле было усеяно маргаритками; the sky was set with stars небо было усыпано звездами; а bracelet (a ring, a crown, a sword-handle, a valuable ornament, etc.) was set with diamonds (with jewels, with gems, with rubies, with pearls, with precious stones, etc.) браслет и т.д. был украшен /усыпан/ бриллиантами и т.д.; а gold ring set with two fine pearls золотое кольцо с двумя большими жемчужинами

2) be set in some direction the course is set to the west курс проложен на запад

3) be set on smth., smb. he (his mind, his heart) was set on it ему этого очень хотелось; his heart was set on her a) он любил лишь ее; б) все его помыслы были связаны с ней; be set on doing smth. be set on going to the stage (on coming here again, etc.) твердо решить пойти на сцену и т.д.; be set on going to the sea окончательно решить стать моряком; be set on having a motor bike (on winning, on finding him, etc.) поставить своей целью приобрести мотоцикл и т.д.; be set against smth.,smb. he is set against all reforms (against having electric light in the house, against this marriage, against the trip, etc.) он решительно [настроен] против всяких реформ и т.д.; he is set against her он и слышать о ней не хочет; be set against doing smth. he was violently set against meeting her он упорно отказывался встретиться /от встречи/ с ней /противился встрече с ней/

4) be set on by smb. she was set on by robbers (by a lot of roughs in the dark, by a dog, etc.) на нее напали грабители и т.д.

5) be set the table is set стол накрыт; the sails are set паруса подняты; be set for smb., smth. the table is set for six стол накрыт на шесть человек /персон/; the table is set for dinner (for lunch, etc.) стол накрыт к обеду и т.д.; be set in some state slaves (prisoners, hostages, etc.) were set free /at liberty/ рабы и т.д. были освобождены /отпущены на волю/; this must be set in order a) это надо привести в порядок; б) это надо разместить /разложить/ по порядку; the motor was set in motion включили мотор

6) be set at some time the mortar is already set цемент уже схватился /затвердел/; the jelly is not set yet желе еще не застыло; has the type for the book been set yet? эту книгу уже набрали?; it was all set now теперь все было готово /подготовлено/; be set in some manner his lips (his jaws, his teeth) were firmly set in an effort to control himself он плотно сжал губы (челюсти, зубы), пытаясь овладеть собой; his mind and character are completely set он вполне сформировался /сложился/ как личность; be set to do smth. be set to go there быть готовым пойти туда; two pumps (machines, wheels, etc.) were set to work два насоса и т.д. были включены /приведены в действие/; be set for smth. be set for the talk (for the meeting, for the game, for the journey, etc.) быть готовым к разговору и т.д.; the scene is set for the tragedy (for the drama, for the climax, etc.) события (в книге, в пьесе и т.п.) подводят /подготавливают/ (читателя, зрителя и т.п.) к трагедии и т.д.; he was all set for a brilliant career у него были все задатки для блестящей карьеры

7) be set over smb. he was set over people ему была дана власть над людьми; he was set over his rivals его ставили выше его соперников

8) be set against smth. one's expenses must be set against the amount received расходы следует соразмерить с доходами; the advantages must be set against the disadvantages надо учесть все плюсы и минусы; against these gains must be set the loss of prestige оценивая эти выгоды, нельзя забывать об ущербе в связи с потерей престижа; it's no good when theory is set against practice плохо, когда теорию противопоставляют практике; when one language is set against another... когда один язык сравнивают /сопоставляют/ с другим...

9) be set for some time the examination (the voting, his departure, etc.) is set for today (for May 2, etc.) экзамен и т.д. назначен на сегодня и т.д., the party is all set for Monday at my place решено вечеринку провести в понедельник у меня; the time and date of the meeting have not yet been set дата и время собрания еще не установлены; be set by smth., smb. rules (standards, terms, fees, etc.) are set by a committee (by the law, by the headmaster, etc.) правила и т.д. устанавливаются комиссией и т.д.

10) be set the list of questions is set список вопросов /вопросник/ составлен; be set for smth. what subjects have been set for the examination next year? какие предметы включены в экзамен на будущий год? || be set to music быть положенным на музыку

11) be set in smth. the editorial was set in boldface type передовая была набрана жирным шрифтом

1) set behind (in, on, etc.) smth. the sun sets behind the western range of mountains солнце садится за горной грядой на западе; the sun sets in the sea солнце садится в море; the sun never sets on our country над нашей страной никогда не заходит солнце; set at (in) smth. the sun sets at five o'clock (in the evening, etc.) солнце заходит в пять часов и т.д.

2) set against (to, from, etc.) smth. set against the wind (against the current) двигаться, направляться (идти, плыть и т.п.) против ветра (против течения); set against the tide идти против прилива; the wind sets from the south (from the west, from the north-east, etc.) ветер дует с юга и т.д.: the current sets to the west (to the south, through the channel, through the straits, etc.) течение идет на запад и т.д.; the tide has set in his favour ему начинает везти

3) set against (with) smth., smb. public opinion is setting against this proposal (against this plan, against his visit, against him, etc.) общественное мнение складывается не в пользу этого предложения и т.д.; circumstances were setting with our plan (with him, etc.) обстоятельства складывались благоприятно для осуществления нашего плана и т.д.

4) set about (upon, on, to) smth. set about the study of mineralogy (about the composition, about it, about one's washing, about one's work, etc.) приниматься /браться/ за изучение минералогии и т.д.; I don't know how to set about this job не знаю, как приступить /как подступиться/ к этой работе; they set upon the task unwillingly они неохотно взялись за выполнение этой задачи; set to work in earnest, set seriously to work серьезно браться за работу; set to work on the problem приняться за работу над этой проблемой; set to work on one's studies начать заниматься, приняться за учение

5) set up (on) smb. set upon the enemy атаковать противника; а gang of ruffians set on him на него напала шайка хулиганов; they set upon him with blows они набросились на него с кулаками; they set upon us with arguments они обрушились на нас со своими доводами; set about /at/ smb. coll. set about the boys (about the stranger, about the supporters of the other team, at the bully, etc.) набрасываться /налетать, наскакивать/ на мальчишек и т.д.; they set about each other at once они сразу же сцепились друг с другом /начали колошматить друг друга/; I'd set about you myself if I could я бы сам отколотил тебя, если бы мог; I'd set about him with a stick (with the butt of the spade, etc.) if we have any trouble если что [не так], я стукну его палкой и т.д.

6) set in smth. cement soon sets in dry weather (in the cold, in the sun, etc.) в сухую погоду /когда сухо,/ и т.д. цемент быстро затвердевает /застывает/

1) set smth., smb. on (at, against, in, before, for, etc.) smth., smb. set dishes (a lamp, one's glass, etc.) on the table поставить тарелки и т.д. на стол; set a place for the guest поставить прибор для гостя; set food and drink (wine and nuts, meat, a dish, etc.) before guests (before travellers, etc.) поставить еду и напитки и т.д. перед гостями и т.д.; set a table by the window (an armchair before a desk, a floor-lamp beside an armchair, etc.) поставить стол у окна и т.д.; set chairs around (at) a table расставлять стулья вокруг (у) стола; set a ladder (a bicycle, a stick, etc.) against a wall прислонить /приставить/ лестницу и т.д. к стене; set one's hand on smb.'s shoulder положить руку кому-л. на плечо; set a hand against the door опереться рукой о дверь; set smb. on his feet поставить кого-л. на ноги

2) set smth., smb. in (by, on, upon, etc.) smth. set things in their place again вернуть /положить/ вещи на место; set flowers in the water (in a vase, etc.) поставить цветы в воду и т.д.; set glass in a window вставлять стекло в окно; set lamps in 'walls вделывать светильники в стены; set one's foot in the stirrup вставить ногу в стремя; set the stake in the ground вкопать столб в землю; set a pearl (a jewel, a diamond, etc.) in gold оправлять жемчужину и т.д. в золото; set smb. by the fire усадить кого-л. у огня: set a child in a high chair посадить ребенка ка высокий стул; set smb. in the dock посадить кого-л. на скамью подсудимых; set a wheel on an axle насадить колесо на ось: set a hen on eggs, set eggs under a hen посадить курицу на яйца; set a boy on horseback подсадить мальчика на лошадь; set smb. on the pedestal поставить /возвести/ кого-л. на пьедестал; set troops on shore высадить войска [на берег]; set one's foot oil a step поставить ногу на ступеньку; set foot on shore ступить на берег; I'll never set foot on your threshold я никогда не переступлю порог вашего дома; set a crown on his head возложить на него корону; set a king on the throne посадить короля на трон; set a kiss upon smb.'s hand приложиться к чьей-л. руке; set smth. with smth. set the top of the wall with broken glass утыкать верхнюю часть стены битым стеклом; set this bed with tulips (with geraniums, etc.) засадить эту клумбу тюльпанами и т.д. || set eyes on smb., smth. увидеть кого-л что-л., I never set eyes on him before today до сегодняшнего дня я его в глаза не видел; that child wants everything he sets his eyes on этому ребенку вынь, да положь все, что он видит

3) set smth. to smth. set a glass (a trumpet, etc.) to one's lips, set one's lips to a glass (to a trumpet, etc.) подносить стакан и т.д. к губам /ко рту/; set a match (a lighter) to a cigarette (to old papers, to a fire, etc.) подносить спичку (зажигалку) к сигарете и т.д.; set one's shoulder to the door налечь плечом на дверь; set spurs to a horse пришпорить лошадь

4) set smb. across smth. set him across the river переправлять его через реку /на другой берег/; set a child across the street перевести ребенка на другую сторону улицы /через улицу/; set smth. by smth. set a ship by the compass вести корабль по компасу; set smth. against (to ward(s), to) smth. set the boat against the wind (against the current) направлять лодку против ветра и т.д.; set one's course to the south направляться на юг; set one's face toward the east (toward home, towards the sun, etc.) повернуться лицом к востоку и т.д.; set smb. after (at, on, etc.) smb., smth. set the police (detectives, etc.) after /on the track of/ the criminal (on her, after the spies, etc.) направлять полицию и т.д. по следу преступника и т.д.; set the boys on the wrong (right) track направлять мальчишек по ложному (по правильному) следу; set a dog at a hare (at a fox, at a bull, at his heels, etc.) пустить собаку по следу зайца и т.д.; set dogs on a stranger (on a trespasser, on thieves, etc.) спустить собак на незнакомца и т.д. || set sail for India отплывать /направляться/ в Индию

5) set smb. against (on, to, etc.) smb., smth. set people against each other (a friend against another, everyone against him, etc.) настраивать людей друг против друга и т.д.; he is trying to set you against me он старается восстановить вас против меня; set oneself against the proposal (against the scheme, against the decision, against his nomination, against him, etc.) был настроенным /выступать/ против этого предложения и т.д.; set the crowd on acts of violence (the crew to mutiny, soldiers to violence, people to robbery, etc.) подстрекать толпу на совершение актов насилия /к насилию/ и т.д.; set smth. against smth. set one thing against another противопоставлять одно другому; set one language against another сопоставлять /сравнивать/ один язык с другим; set smth. on smth. set one's heart /one's mind/ on the trip твердо настроиться на эту поездку; set one's heart on a new dress (on a new car, etc.) жаждать /очень хотеть/ купить новое платье и т.д.; he set his thoughts on the plan все его помыслы направлены на осуществление этого плана || set him at odds with his friends рассорить его с друзьями

6) set smb., smth. to smth. set the class (the boys, him, etc.) to work (to a task, to sums, to dictation, etc.) засадить класс и т.д. за работу и т.д.; set one's mind /one's wits/ to a question (to a task, to a job, etc.) сосредоточиться на каком-л. вопросе и т.д.; you won't find the work difficult if only you set your mind to it если вы серьезно возьметесь за дело, работа не покажется вам трудной; set one's hand to the work (to the task, to the plough, etc.) взяться за работу и т.д.; he set himself resolutely to the task он решительно взялся за выполнение задачи; set а реп to' paper начать писать, взяться за перо; set smth. before smb. set a task (an object) before him поставить перед ним задачу

7) set smth., smb. т (on, at, to) smth. set one's affairs (one's papers, one's house, a room, etc.) in order /to rights/ приводить свои дела и т.д. в порядок; set a machine in motion запустить машину; set the project in motion начинать работу над объектом; set the machinery of the government in motion приводить государственную машину в движение; set a chain reaction in motion вызвать цепную реакцию; his jokes set the audience (the table, the whole room, etc.) in a roar от его шуток вся аудитория и т.д. покатывалась со смеху; set smb. on his guard настораживать кого-л.; set smb. (smb.'s guests, the boy, smb.'s mind, etc.) at ease успокаивать кого-л. и т.д.; he set the girl at ease с ним девушке стало легко /девушка почувствовала себя свободно/; а host should try and set his guests at ease хозяин должен стараться, чтобы его гости чувствовали себя свободно /как дома/: now you may set your mind at ease теперь вы можете перестать волноваться /не волноваться/; set a question (the affair, the matter, etc.) at rest разрешить /урегулировать/ вопрос и т.д.; that sets all my doubts at rest это рассеивает все мои сомнения; set prisoners at liberty освобождать заключенных

8) set smth. for smth. set the table for dinner (for five people, for two, etc.) накрыть стол к обеду и т.д.; set the stage for the next scene in a play подготовить сцену для следующей картины [в пьесе]; set the scene for talks подготовить условия /создать благоприятную обстановку/ для переговоров; set smth. by smth. set one's watch by the radio timesignal (by the town clock, by the clock in the library, by mine, etc.) ставить /сверять/ часы по радиосигналу и т.д.; set smth. to (for, at) smth. set the clock (the hands of the clock) to the correct time (to the proper hour of the day, etc.) точно поставить часы и т.д.; set the alarm for 5 o'clock (the camera lens to infinity, a thermostat at 70°, etc.) поставить будильник на пять часов и т.д.

9) set smb., smth. at (in, он, etc.) smth. set a guard (a sentry, etc.) at the door (at the gate, at the corner of the street, in the nearest village, on the hill, etc.) поставить сторожа /часового/ и т.д. у дверей и т.д.; set pickets around the camp выставлять дозорных вокруг лагеря

10) set smb., smth. over (before, among, etc.) smb., smth. set him over others (a supervisor over the new workers, etc.) назначать его начальником над остальными и т.д.; set Vergil before Homer отдавать предпочтение Вергилию перед Гомером, ставить Вергилия выше Гомера; set the author among the greatest writers of today (the painter among the best artists of the world, the team among the strongest teams of Europe, etc.) считать автора одним из крупнейших писателей современности и т.д.; set duty before pleasure ставить долг выше удовольствий /на первое место/; set honesty above everything (diamonds above rubies, etc.) ценить честность превыше всего и т.д., his intelligence (his talent, his character, etc.) sets him apart from others (from ordinary people, from the normal run of people, etc.) его ум и т.д. выделяют его среди других и т.д.; her bright red hair sets her apart from her sisters из всех сестер у нее одной были ярко-рыжие волосы

11) set smth. at smth. set the price (the value of the canvas, etc.) at t 1000 оценить / назначить, определить цену/ и т.д. в тысячу фунтов; set bail at i 500 установить сумму залога в пятьсот фунтов; set neatness at a high value очень ценить аккуратность, придавать большое значение опрятности; set smth. for smth. set a time for a meeting назначать время собрания; set the rules for a contest вырабатывать правила состязания; set the lesson for tomorrow задавать урок на завтра; set smth. to /for /smth. set limits to smb.'s power (to his extravagance, to his demands, etc.) ограничивать чью-л. власть и т.д., устанавливать предел чьей-л. власти и т.д.; he sets no limit to his ambition его честолюбие не знает предела; set a time-limit for examination установить продолжительность экзамена; set a time-limit for debates установить регламент для выступления в прениях; set a record for the mile устанавливать рекорд в беге на одну милю; set an end to it положить этому конец; set smth. on smth., smb. set a high value on life (on punctuality, etc.) высоко ценить жизнь и т.д.; set a punishment on smb. налагать наказание на кого-л., определять кому-л. меру наказания; set a price on smb.'s head /on smb.'s life/ назначить награду за чью-л. голову /за чью-л. жизнь/; set smth. at some time set the death of the man at midnight установить, что смерть этого человека наступила в полночь || set much store by smth. придавать большее значение чему-л.; set much store by social position (by daily exercise, by what the neighbours say, by the opinion of people like him, etc.) придавать большое значение общественному положению и т.д.

12) set smth. for (in, to, etc.) smth. set papers for the examination составлять экзаменационные работы; set new questions (problems, etc.) in an examination подготовить новые вопросы и т.д. для экзамена; set the words (this poem, etc.) to music положить эти слова и т.д. на музыку; set new words to an old tune сочинить новые слова на старый мотив; set Othello to music а) написать музыку к "Отелло"; б) написать /сочинить/ оперу "Отелло"; set a piece of music for the violin переложить музыкальное произведение для скрипки

13) set smth. before smb. set a plan (facts, one's theory, one's proposals, etc.) before the council (before the chief, before experts, etc.) изложить совету /представить на рассмотрение совета/ и т.д. план и т.д.

14) set smth. to smth. set one's name /one's signature, one's hand/ to a document подписать документ; set a seal to the decree скрепить указ печатью; set smth. on smth. set a veto on smth. накладывать запрет на что-л.

15) set smth. on (in) smth., smb. set one's life on a chance рисковать жизнью в надежде на удачу; set one's future on a chance строить планы на будущее в расчете на счастливое стечение обстоятельств; set hopes on a chance (on him, on his uncle, etc.) надеяться /возлагать надежды/ на случай и т.д.

16) set smth. for smb. set a snare for a fox поставить капкан на лису; set poison for rats разложить отраву для крыс

17) set smth. for smth. set milk for cheese ставить молоко на творог, створаживать молоко

18) || set fire to a house (to a barn, etc.) поджигать дом и т.д.; set the woods (a woodpile, etc.) on fire поджигать лес и т.д.

1) set smth. on doing smth. set one's heart /one's hopes, one's mind, one's thoughts/ on becoming an engineer (on going with us, on going abroad, etc.) очень хотеть /стремиться/ стать инженером и т.д.; I set my heart on going today я решил ехать сегодня; he sets his hopes on getting on in life он очень надеется преуспеть в жизни /добиться в жизни успеха/; if he once sets his mind on doing something it takes a lot to dissuade him если он настроился на что-либо, его очень трудно отговорить

2) set smb. to doing smth. set him to woodchopping поставить его на колку дров, заставить его колоть дрова; set her to thinking заставить ее задуматься; set a child to crying довести ребенка до слез; he set himself to amusing me он изо всех сил старался развлечь меня

галактика

- barred spiral galaxy

звезда

район; округ; площадь; участок; зона; область; пространство; категория ( действий); см. тж. ground; zone

— acoustic shadow area

— actions area

— adjoining sea area

— administrative area

— advisory area

— air covered area

— air defended area

— air defense action area

— air defense area

— air defense engagement area

— air defense operations area

— air defense restricted area

— air defense warfare area

— air drop area

— air landing area

— air materiel area

— air objective area

— air refueling area

— air target area

— airborne alert area

— airborne area of operation

— airborne objective area

— aircraft dispersal area

— aircraft exclusion area

— aircraft loading area

— airhead maintenance area

— airmobile marshaling area

— airspace coordination area

— airspace danger area

— airspace warning area

— alert area

— alighting area

— alternate assembly area

— alternate deployment area

— ammunition upload area

— amphibious objective area

— amphibious tactical deployment area

— amphibious training area

— amphibious vehicle launching area

— antisubmarine screening area

— approach area

— approach passable area

— aptitude area

— area in defilade

— area of immediate contamination

— area of influence

— area of interest

— area of military significant fallout

— area of northern operations

— area of observation

— area of operational interest

— area of operations

— area of reduction

— area of responsibility

— area of strategic importance

— area of war

— armor killing area

— armor training area

— army area

— army crossing area

— army service area

— army support area

— artillery position area

— assault area

— assembly and arming area

— assembly and service area

— assembly and test area

— assembly area

— ASW patrol area

— athletic area

— attack area

— attrition area

— aviation support area

— bacteriologically contaminated area

— barrier area

— base area

— battalion area

— battalion crossing area

— battalion rear area

— battalion task force area

— battle area

— beach area

— beach maintenance area

— beach support area

— beach transit area

— billeting area

— biologically contaminated area

— blast area

— blast damage area

— block-type construction area

— boat assembly area

— booby-trap demonstration area

— breakthrough area

— bridge preassembly area

— brigade area

— brigade defensive area

— British Forces Maintenance area

— built-up area

— burst area

— cantonment area

— cargo assembly area

— casualty area

— catchment area

— centralized storage area

— checkout area

— chemically contaminated area

— city combat training area

— civil affairs area

— clandestine assembly area

— classified conference area

— clean area

— close fire support area

— cluster warhead submunition dispersal area

— coastal support area

— collecting area

— comb an area

— combat area

— combat patrolling area

— combat service support area

— command area

— communications area

— community area

— compact built-up area

— company defense area

— complex target area

— concentration area

— contact area

— contaminated air propagation area

— contamination area

— contingency A area

— contingency area

— control area

— controlled firing area

— convoy assembly area

— convoy marshaling area

— core area

— corps area

— corps service area

— corps storage area

— corps support area

— coverage area

— covering force area

— crisis area

— critical target area

— crossing area

— cushion area

— damage area

— dangerous area

— dead area

— debarkation area

— decisive area

— decontamination area

— defense area

— defensive area

— defensive coastal area

— defensive sea area

— delaying operations area

— delineate areas

— delivery area

— demilitarize an area

— demonstration test area

— denial area

— denial objects area

— denied area

— departure area

— dependent housing area

— dependent-restricted overseas area

— deplaning area

— deployment area

— detraining area

— detrucking area

— direct air support area

— direct fire engagement area

— dirty area

— disaster area

— disembarkation area

— disengagement area

— dispersal area

— dispersal parking area

— dispersion area

— displaced persons and refugee assembly area

— display area

— distant support target area

— distribution area

— division air support area

— division area

— division crossing area

— division support area

— divisional administrative area

— divisional maintenance area

— dropping area

— dummy area

— dummy assembly area

— dummy defensive area

— duty area

— early warning area

— economy-of-force area

— effective area

— effective beaten area

— effective disease area

— effective fire area

— effective landing area

— effective lethal area

— effective reflective area

— effects area

— embarkation area

— emergency area

— EMP destructive effects area

— employment area

— enemy area

— engagement area

— entraining area

— entrucking area

— equivalent target area

— estimated casualty area

— evacuation area

— exclusion area

— exercise area

— exit passable area

— expected areas of casualty density

— explosives area

— expulsion area

— extreme forward combat area

— FA service area

— fallout area

— farthest forward area

— fatal area

— field exercise area

— field firing area

— field gun area

— fighting area

— final assembly area before crossing

— final assembly area for attack

— fire area

— fire contact area

— fire control area

— fire coordination area

— fire support area

— firing area

— firing position area

— first echelon area of responsibility

— flank area

— fleet basing area

— floating dump area

— force maintenance area

— forces separation area

— forming-up area

— fortified area

— forward airhead maintenance area

— forward area

— forward assembly area

— forward battle area

— forward bridge preassembly area

— forward brigade administrative area

— forward combat area

— forward concentration area

— forward defense area

— forward defensive area

— forward echelon area of responsibility

— forward maintenance area

— forward staging area

— free drop supplies recovery area

— free fire area

— frontier area

— fuel storage area

— full radiological exclusion area

— functional area

— garrison area

— garrison training area

— gas-contaminated area

— general position area

— greatest intelligence productivity area

— ground training area

— ground zero area

— guidance and control area

— guidance area

— gun area

— gun-defended area

— gunnery training area

— halt area

— hardened storage area

— hazard area

— helicopter assembly area

— helicopter liftout area

— helicopter transport area

— helicopter-launching area

— hidden area

— hide area

— high fallout/no blast area

— high jamming area

— high risk area

— high threat area

— high-rise area

— hitting area

— holding area

— hookup area

— hostile fire area

— hostile launch antipodal area

— hot area

— hot-pad area

— IGBM defense deployment area

— impact area

— inactive area

— infiltration area

— initial assembly area

— inner rendezvous area

— inner transport area

— integrated lethal area

— intensified fire area

— interdiction area

— intermediate assembly area

— intermediate staging area

— intervention area

— inundation area

— jamming area

— joint security area

— jump area

— jungle training area

— killing area

— laager site area

— land impact area

— landing area

— landing ship area

— landing-attractive area

— landing-inviting area

— large dispersed aerosol contamination area

— launch base area

— launch control area

— launcher deployment area

— launching area

— lethality area

— light damage area

— light rescue area

— limited access area

— limited forces area

— limited radiological exclusion area

— lines of communication area

— liquid-contaminated area

— loading area

— local dispersal area

— local training area

— lodgement area

— loitering area

— long tour area

— low-threat area

— main battle area

— main defense area

— main defensive area

— main fighting area

— main support area

— maintenance area

— major built-up area

— major target area

— major training area

— maneuver area

— maneuver rights area

— maritime exclusion area

— marshaling area

— material balance area

— mating area

— maximum efforts application area

— maximum security area

— maximum supporting fires area

— maximum vulnerability area

— mess area

— metropolitan defense area

— military area

— mine warfare area

— mined area

— minor support area

— missile assembly and arming area

— missile checkout area

— missile defended area

— missile dispersion area

— missile hold area

— missile shadow area

— missile transfer area

— mission area

— mobilization area

— moderate damage area

— moderately contaminated area

— mortar area

— MOS area

— motor maintenance area

— mountain warfare training area

— mounting area

— movement control area

— multiple assembly area

— multiple contamination area

— NATO Early Warning area

— NATO guidelines area

— naval area

— naval support area

— NBC area of observation

— NBC contaminated area

— no fire area

— no go area

— non-deployment area

— nonvital area

— normal ground training area

— nuclear area

— nuclear deployment area

— nuclear effects area

— nuclear killing area

— nuclear safety area

— nuclear target area

— nuclear-powered BM submarine patrol area

— objective area

— obstructions area

— OP compound area

— open skin areas

— operating area

— operational area

— operational defensive area

— operations area

— opposition area

— optimum engagement area

— orbit area

— ordnance area

— outer transport area

— out-of-fire contact area

— outpost area

— overlap area

— overlapping nuclear package area

— overseas staging area

— patrolling area

— penetration area

— peripheral responsibility area

— personnel procurement area

— petroleum area

— phoney area

— phoney contaminated area

— plans area

— POL area

— POL hardened storage area

— port staging area

— position area

— possible hostile area

— post-decontamination area

— potential battle area

— potential kill area

— potential launch area

— preference service area

— preinvestigation holding area

— prelaunch area

— primary engagement area

— production area

— PW holding area

— radar detection area

— radar surveillance area

— radar warning area

— radioactive contamination area

— radiological area

— radiological exclusion area

— rallying area

— readiness area

— rear area

— rear assembly area

— rear defense area

— rear maintenance area

— rearming and turnaround area

— rearward area

— reception area

— reconnaissance area

— reconstitution area

— recovery area

— recreation area

— regiment defensive area

— regrouping area

— reinforcement assembly area

— reloading area

— rendezvous area

— reserve area

— residual radiation area

— resistance area

— rest area

— restricted area

— restricted fire area

— risk area

— riverine area

— round-up area

— safe area

— SAM launching area

— SAM target destruction area

— satellite intercept rendezvous area

— saturation fire area

— scattering area

— scouting area

— sea echelon area

— sealed area

— search area

— secondary target area

— security area

— sensitive area

— service area

— set-down area

— severe damage area

— shell swept area

— shelter area

— ship dispersal area

— site area

— small ozone-depleted area

— smoke-blanketed area

— Sovereign Base area

— special area

— special obstructions area

— specialist area

— spotting area

— stabilized area

— staging area

— standby area

— stand-down area

— static display area

— station area

— sterile area

— storage area

— strategic area

— strategic missile support area

— striking force area

— strip area

— submarine patrol area

— subsurface sea area

— supply and service area

— supply area

— support area

— surface area

— surveillance area

— suspected assembly area

— tactical area of responsibility

— tactical area

— tactical assembly area

— tactical battle area

— tactical defensive area

— tank rallying area

— tank training area

— tank water-tightening area

— tankproof area

— target acquisition area

— target area

— target engagement area

— target probable location area

— target transfer area

— test area

— thinly defended area

— threatened area

— track initiation area

— training area

— trains area

— transfer area

— transit area

— transport area

— transport assembly area

— underdeveloped area

— undermanned area

— unloading area

— unorganized area

— unrestricted area

— uploading area

— urban area

— vehicle dispersal area

— vehicle driving water area

— vehicle processing area

— vehicle staging area

— vehicle standby area

— vital air defense area

— vital area

— waiting area

— walk-out area

— warfare area

— water fording area

— water impact area

— water training area

— white area

— yellow area

— zone of communications forward area

— zone of communications rear area

1) = float needle

2) клапан (рис. 15,16)

- safety-valve in case of sudden loss of pressure

- valve actuator

- valve adjuster

- valve barrel

- valve base

- valve body

- valve bonnet

- valve bounce

- valve box

- valve burning

- valve cage

- valve cam

- valve cap

- valve case

- valve casing

- valve chamber

- valve chest

- valve clearance

- valve clearance adjuster

- valve closing

- valve collar

- valve compressor

- valve cone

- valve control

- valve core

- valve cotter

- valve cover

- valve cup

- valve damping

- valve disk

- valve drum

- valve face

- valve flap

- valve follower

- valve gate

- valve gear

- valve gear drive

- valve grinder

- valve grinding compound

- valve guide

- valve guide cleaner

- valve head

- valve head diameter

- valve hood

- valve housing

- valve in head

- valve-in-the-head engine

- valve insert seat

- valve jacket

- valve key

- valve lever

- valve lever bracket

- valve lift

- valve lift diagram

- valve lifter

- valve lifter guide

- valve needle

- valve noise

- valve opening

- valve opening diagram

- valve overlap

- valve pad

- valve pin

- valve piston

- valve play

- valve plug

- valve plunger

- valve plunger guide

- valve pocket

- valve port

- valve push rod

- valve retainer

- valve retainer cotter pin

- valve rocker

- valve rocker adjusting screw

- valve rocker shaft spring

- valve rod

- valve rod link

- valve seat

- valve seat angle

- valve setting

- valve shaft

- valve silencer

- valve spindle

- valve spring

- valve spring cap

- valve stem

- valve stem clearance

- valve sticking

- valve stop pin

- valve stroke

- valve surge

- valve tappet

- valve tappet adjusting screw

- valve tappet guide

- valve tappet roller

- acceleration valve

- adjustable valve

- admission valve

- air valve

- air bleed valve

- bleeder valve

- air escape valve

- air inlet valve

- air release valve

- air suction valve

- angle valve

- angular valve

- antibackfire valve

- arched-head valve

- atmospheric valve

- auto-tyre valve

- automatic valve

- auxiliary air valve

- extra air valve

- back valve

- back-pressure valve

- balanced valve

- ball valve

- ball check valve

- bang-bang valve

- control valve

- bevel-seated valve

- blade lift valve spool

- bleed-type pilot valve

- bleeding valve

- blow valve

- blow-off valve

- brake valve

- brake release valve

- bullet valve

- burned valve

- burnt valve

- butterfly valve

- butterfly-type valve

- by-pass valve

- caged valve

- cam lifts the valve

- carbide-faced valve

- carbon steel valve handle treated with Dacromet which three times more corrosion resistance

- carburetor float valve

- carburetor gasoline adjustment valve

- carburetor needle valve

- check valve

- choke valve

- clack valve

- clutch application valve

- combined limiting and quick release valve

- combined pressure and vacuum relief valve

- compensating air valve

- compression valve

- compression release valve

- conical valve

- conical-seated valve

- control valve

- coupled valve

- cross valve

- cross-over gasoline valve

- cured-in valve

- cut-off valve

- deflation valve

- delivery valve

- descent control valve

- differential valve

- discharge valve

- disconnecting valve

- disk valve

- distributing valve

- distribution valve

- double-seated valve

- drain valve

- driver's control valve

- drop valve

- dump valve

- eduction valve

- electropneumatic valve

- emergency valve

- emergency brake valve

- emergency breakaway valve

- emergency stop valve

- engine valve

- equalizing valve

- escape valve

- exhaust valve

- extra-air valve

- filling valve

- flap valve

- flapper valve

- flat valve

- flat-headed valve

- flat-seated valve

- float valve

- float-and-valve

- float needle valve

- float tank valve

- floating valve

- floating regulating valve

- follow-up valve

- foot valve

- fuel valve

- fuel pressurization valve

- gas valve

- gasoline valve

- gate valve

- gear-operated cock-type valve

- globe valve

- gradual pressurization valve

- hand valve

- hit-and-miss valve

- hollow-stem valve

- horizontal valve

- hydraulic back-pressure valve

- idle needle valve

- inclined valve

- induction valve

- injection valve

- injector valve

- inlet valve

- inner tube valve

- intake valve

- interchangeable valves

- inverted vertical valve

- jet-pipe valve

- leaf valve

- levelling valve

- low-lift valve

- lower valve

- magnet valve

- masked inlet valve

- metering pin valve

- mini butterfly valve with female-female openings

- mixing valve

- muffler cut-out valve

- multiple-valve hub

- mushroom valve

- needle valve

- needle-point valve

- non-return valve

- nozzle valve

- oil-fuel injector needle valve

- oil overflow valve

- oil pressure relief valve

- oil pump safety valve

- oil relief valve

- open-centre valve

- orifice control valve

- overflow valve

- overhead valve

- pet valve

- pintle valve

- piston valve

- piston air valve

- pitted valve

- plate valve

- plug valve

- polyacetal valve

- poppet valve

- port valve

- power brake valve

- pressure valve

- pressure control valve

- pressure distributing valve

- pressure reducing valve

- pressure-reductor valve

- pressure-release valve

- pressure-relief valve

- pressure maintaining valve

- pressure regulating valve

- pressure regulator valve

- pressurization valve

- protection valve

- quantity control valve

- quick-acting valve

- quick-release valve

- quick-release limiting valve

- quick venting safety valve for protecting equipment

- radiator valve

- radiator relief valve

- rebound valve

- reducing valve

- relay valve

- relay-and exhaust valve

- relay emergency valve

- release valve

- relief valve

- relieve valve

- retaining valve

- return valve

- reversed cone valve

- revolving valve

- riding cut-off valve

- ring valve

- rotary valve

- rotary disk valve

- rotary throttle valve

- rubber-sealed valve

- safety valve

- safety thermal-relief valve

- salt-filled exhaust valve

- self-acting valve

- self-closing valve

- shell valve

- shock absorber relief valve

- short travel valve

- shrouded valve

- shut-off valve

- side valve

- side-by-side valves

- single-bend valve

- single-seated valve

- control valve

- sleeve valve

- slide valve

- sloping valve

- sniffing valve

- sodium-cooled valve

- sodium-filled valve

- solenoid valve

- solenoid-operated valve

- solenoid-controlled vacuum valve

- spherical valve

- spherical check valve

- spool-type control valve

- spray valve

- spring U-bolt

- spring valve

- spring-loaded valve

- spring-loaded check valve

- spring-loaded safety valve with seat automatically rises to vent excess internal pressure to the atmosphere and closes once pressure is back to normal

- starting valve

- steam valve

- stellite-faced valve

- step valve

- sticky valve

- stop valve

- straight valve

- suction valve

- supplementary-air valve

- swing valve

- T-valve

- taper-seat valve

- tappet valve

- tee valve

- thermostat valve

- three-way valve

- throttle valve

- throttling butterfly valve

- transfer valve

- transforming valve

- triple valve

- tube valve

- tulip valve

- turning valve

- twin-lever Y-shape valve

- two-stage valve

- control valve

- two-way valve

- tyre valve

- unloading valve

- upper valve

- upright valve

- vacuum valve

- vertical check valve

1) макет; модель || моделировать

2) образец

3) создавать модель

4) модель, тип ( изделия)

5) шаблон

•

- a posteriori model

- abbreviated model

- abstract model

- accurate model

- adaptive model

- adequate model

- aggregate model

- algebraic model

- allocation model

- analytical model

- approximate model

- asymptotic model

- attrition model

- autologistic model

- automobile model

- autoregressive model

- basic model

- battle model

- behaviorial model

- behavioristic model

- bidding model

- biextremal model

- bifactor model

- binomial failure model

- binomial model

- binomial success model

- binomial success-failure model

- bionic model

- birational model

- biregular model

- birth-death model

- branching model

- breadboard model

- canonical model

- cascade model

- catastrophe model

- causal model

- cellular model

- chain-binomial model

- chance model

- chance-constrained model

- choice model

- circular model

- classical model

- closed model

- cloudy bag model

- cobweb model

- cofinal extension model

- coin-tossing model

- collective model

- combat analysis model

- combinatorial model

- communication model

- complete model

- completely reducible model

- composite model

- computable model

- computer model

- computerized model

- concept identification model

- conceptual model

- confirmatory model

- conformal model

- contagion model

- continuous model

- continuous-time model

- correlation model

- cost model

- cost-effectiveness model

- countable model

- countably prime model

- cranking model

- crude model

- cubic model

- curvilinear model

- cybernetic model

- death process model

- decision model

- decision-theoretic model

- decomposable model

- deductive model

- denumerable model

- derived model

- descriptive model

- development model

- differential model

- diffusion model

- direct-analogy model

- discrete model

- discrete-time model

- distributed lag model

- double-risk model

- droplet model

- duel model

- dummy model

- dynamic model

- dynamic programming model

- economical model

- elementary model

- empirical model

- epidemic model

- equilibrium model

- error model

- estimation model

- evolutionary model

- expanded model

- experimental model

- explanatory model

- exploratory model

- exponential model

- export model

- extensional model

- external model

- extrapolation model

- extrinsic model

- factor-analysis model

- feasibility model

- finite source model

- fire model

- first approximation model

- first-order model

- fixed-effect model

- flow model

- flowgraph model

- formalized model

- functional model

- fundamental model

- fuzzy model

- game model

- game-theoretic model

- gamma model

- general model

- generalized model

- genetic model

- geometrical model

- geometrically similar model

- graph-theoretical model

- growth model

- here-and-now model

- heterogeneous model

- heterohierarchical model

- heuristic model

- hierarchical multivariate model

- homogeneous model

- homomorphic model

- hybrid model

- hypersonic model

- iconic model

- ideal model

- idealized model

- imaginary stereoscopic model

- incomplete model

- indirect-analogy model

- induction model

- infinite model

- inner model

- input-output model

- insurance model

- interdependence model

- internal model

- intrinsically linear model

- irreducible model

- Ising model

- isomorphically embeddable model

- Kane model

- kinematic model

- kinetic model

- knapsack model

- learning model

- limitation model

- Lindhard-Scharff-Schiott model

- liquid drop model

- logarithmical model

- logical model

- lottery model

- market model

- mathematical model

- matrix model

- mechanical model

- minimal model

- mixed model

- model of choice

- model of learning

- model of self-reproduction

- model of statement

- molecular model

- moving average model

- multidimensional model

- multiechelon model

- multifactor model

- multinormal model

- multiparametric model

- multiplicative model

- multiregression model

- multiresponse model

- multistage model

- multistate model

- multitemporal model

- multiurn model

- multivariate model

- natural model

- nested model

- network model

- Nilsson model

- nondenumerable model

- nonhomogeneous model

- nonlinear model

- nonparametric model

- nonrecursive model

- nonsingular model

- nonstandard model

- nonstationary model

- numerical model

- observation model

- one-dimensional model

- one-element model

- one-factor model

- one-group model

- one-period model

- one-step model

- open model

- operations research model

- optimal model

- optimization model

- ordered model

- paired-comparison model

- partially hierarchical model

- permutation model

- persistence model

- phenomenological model

- physical model

- piecewise-linear model

- pilot model

- policy model

- polyhedral model

- polynomial model

- population model

- portfolio model

- powered model

- praxeological model

- predator-prey model

- prediction model

- predictive model

- prime model

- probabilistic model

- probability-theoretical model

- process model

- projective model

- proproduction model

- quadratic model

- quadratically balanced model

- quantal response model

- quantitative model

- quasiempirical model

- quasiindependent model

- quasimultivariate model

- quasistatic model

- quotient model

- random sampling model

- random-effects model

- randomization model

- randomized block model

- randomized model

- reference model

- refined model

- regeneration model

- relatively ordered model

- renewal model

- retaliation model

- rigid model

- r-ple model

- sample model

- saturated model

- scaled-down model

- schematic model

- scoring model

- sectionally normal model

- selection model

- semantic model

- semiglobal model

- semisimplicial model

- semistatistical model

- semistochastic model

- sensitivity model

- separable model

- sequential model

- set-theoretical model

- shell model

- shortest-route model

- sign model

- simplified model

- simulation model

- single-factor model

- single-operator model

- single-phase model

- single-stage model

- spatial model

- special model

- spin model

- stable model

- stellar model

- stick model

- strategical model

- structural model

- suboptimization model

- system model

- tadpole model

- teaching model

- terrain model

- tessellation model

- test model

- three-dimensional model

- time-series model

- topological model

- total model

- totally ordered model

- track model

- transitional automobile model

- transitive model

- translation model

- transportation model

- transshipment model

- triangle model

- truncation model

- two-dimensional model

- two-factor model

- two-valued model

- uncertainty model

- unitary model

- united atom model

- universal model

- universally valid model

- unsaturated model

- unstable model

- valence-force model

- variance-components model

- variational model

- vector model

- wait-and-see model

- wind tunnel model

half [hɑ:f]

moitié ⇒ 1 (a), 2 mi-temps ⇒ 1 (b) camp ⇒ 1 (c) demi ⇒ 1 (d), 1 (e) à moitié ⇒ 5

(pl halves [hɑ:vz])

1 noun

(a) (gen) moitié f; (of standard measured amount) demi(e) m,f; (of ticket, coupon) souche f;

∎ half an hour une demi-heure;

∎ half a dozen une demi-douzaine;

∎ to cut/to break sth in half couper/casser qch en deux;

∎ what's half of 13.72? quelle est la moitié de 13,72?;

∎ two and two halves, please (on bus, train etc) deux billets tarif normal et deux billets demi-tarif, s'il vous plaît;

∎ Railways outward/return half (of ticket) coupon m d'aller/de retour;

∎ you can have the smaller half la plus petite moitié est pour toi;

∎ she gave each of us half elle nous en a donné la moitié à chacun;

∎ it cuts the journey time in half cela réduit de moitié la durée du voyage;

∎ three and a half trois et demi;

∎ three and a half pieces/years trois morceaux/ans et demi;

∎ British bigger by half plus grand de moitié, moitié plus grand;

∎ two halves make a whole deux moitiés ou demis font un tout;

∎ to go halves with sb partager avec qn;

∎ we'll go halves on partage;

∎ they don't do things by halves ils ne font pas les choses à moitié;

∎ British he always was too clever by half il a toujours été un peu trop malin;

∎ British you're too cheeky by half! tu es bien trop effronté ou culotté!;

∎ familiar a party/day/hangover and a half une sacrée nouba/journée/gueule de bois;

∎ familiar that was a walk and a half! c'était une sacrée promenade!;

∎ familiar I've got a headache and a half this morning! j'ai un sacré mal de tête ce matin!;

∎ familiar and that's not the half of it et ce n'est que le début;

∎ familiar you haven't heard the half of it! tu n'en sais pas encore le quart!;

∎ it's sort of half and half c'est un peu de chaque;

∎ humorous my better or other half ma (chère) moitié;

∎ humorous to see how the other half lives voir comment on vit de l'autre côté de la barrière, voir comment vivent les autres

(b) Sport (period of sports match) mi-temps f inv;

∎ France was in the lead in the first half la France menait pendant la première mi-temps

(c) Sport (area of football or rugby pitch) camp m

(d) Sport (rugby or football player) demi m

(e) British (half pint of beer) demi m (de bière)

2 pronoun

∎ leave half of it for me laisse-m'en la moitié;

∎ half of us were students la moitié d'entre nous étaient des étudiants

3 adjective

∎ a half chicken un demi-poulet;

∎ oysters on the half-shell huîtres fpl servies dans leurs coquilles;

∎ at half speed au ralenti;

∎ familiar to go off at half cock (plan) avorter;

∎ familiar we don't want to go off at half cock on this one cette fois-ci on ne va pas faire les choses à moitié

4 predeterminer

∎ half the time he seems to be asleep on a l'impression qu'il est endormi la moitié du temps;

∎ half the time he isn't there les trois quarts du temps, il n'est pas là;

∎ he's half a year older than me il a six mois de plus que moi;

∎ familiar half a minute! une (petite) minute!;

∎ familiar I'll be down in half a second je descends tout de suite^□ ;

∎ I'll be there in half an hour j'y serai dans une demi-heure;

∎ just half a cup for me juste une demi-tasse pour moi;

∎ he's not half the man he used to be il n'est plus que l'ombre de lui-même;

∎ familiar to have half a mind to do sth avoir bien envie de faire qch^□ ;

∎ that was half the point of going there c'était tout l'intérêt d'y aller

5 adverb

(a) (finished, asleep, dressed) à moitié; (full, empty, blind) à moitié, à demi;

∎ to be half full of sth être à moitié rempli de qch;

∎ you're only half right tu n'as qu'à moitié raison;

∎ half done (work) fait à moitié; (cooked meat etc) à moitié cuit;

∎ a strange colour, half green, half blue une couleur bizarre, entre le vert et le bleu;

∎ to be half English and half French être moitié anglais moitié français;

∎ I half think that... je suis tenté de penser que...;

∎ for a minute I half thought that... pendant une minute, j'ai presque pensé que...;

∎ I was half afraid you wouldn't understand j'avais un peu peur que vous ne compreniez pas;

∎ I was only half joking je ne plaisantais qu'à moitié;

∎ half laughing, half crying moitié riant, moitié pleurant

(b) British familiar (as intensifier)

∎ they're not half fit ils sont en super-forme;

∎ he's not half lazy il est drôlement ou rudement paresseux;

∎ it's not half cold today! il fait rudement ou sacrément froid aujourd'hui!;

∎ he didn't half yell il a hurlé comme un fou;

∎ she can't half run elle court comme un lièvre;

∎ you don't half put your foot in it sometimes! tu mets vraiment les pieds dans le plat parfois!;

∎ they didn't half complain ils se sont plaints, et pas qu'un peu;

∎ did you complain? - I didn't half! or not half! est-ce que vous vous êtes plaint? - et comment! ou pas qu'un peu!;

∎ he's/it's not half bad il est/c'est vraiment bon

(c) (time) British

∎ it's half past two, it's half two il est deux heures et demie;

∎ American half after six six heures et demie

(d) (idioms)

∎ to be half as big/fast as sb/sth être moitié moins grand/rapide que qn/qch;

∎ the radio was only half as loud as before le son de la radio était moitié moins fort qu'avant;

∎ to earn half as much as sb gagner moitié moins que qn;

∎ to be half as big again (as sb/sth) être moitié plus grand (que qn/qch);

∎ he earns half as much again as you do il gagne moitié plus que toi

►► Technology half bearing demi-palier m;

1 noun

demi-pension f

2 adverb

en demi-pension;

American familiar half buck 50 cents mpl;

Computing half duplex semi-duplex m;

∎ to send sth half duplex transmettre qch en semi-duplex;

half fare demi-tarif m;

∎ to travel half fare voyager à demi-tarif;

American Music half step demi-ton m;

British School half term = congé scolaire en milieu de trimestre;

Architecture & Building industry half timbering colombage m;

half year semestre m

SUBJECT AREA: Mechanical, pneumatic and hydraulic engineering, Railways and locomotives, Steam and internal combustion engines, Textiles, Weapons and armour

[br]

[br]

[br]

John George Bodmer (as he was known in England) showed signs of great inventive ability even as a child. Soon after completing his apprenticeship to a local millwright, he set up his own work-shop at Zussnacht. One of his first inventions, in 1805, was a shell which exploded on impact. Soon after this he went into partnership with Baron d'Eichthal to establish a cotton mill at St Blaise in the Black Forest. Bodmer designed the water-wheels and all the machinery. A few years later they established a factory for firearms and Bodmer designed special machine tools and developed a system of interchangeable manufacture comparable with American developments at that time. More inventions followed, including a detachable bayonet for breech-loading rifles and a rifled, breech-loading cannon for 12 lb (5.4 kg) shells.

Bodmer was appointed by the Grand Duke of Baden to the posts of Director General of the Government Iron Works and Inspector of Artillery. He left St Blaise in 1816 and entered completely into the service of the Grand Duke, but before taking up his duties he visited Britain for the first time and made an intensive five-month tour of textile mills, iron works, workshops and similar establishments.

In 1821 he returned to Switzerland and was engaged in setting up cotton mills and other engineering works. In 1824 he went back to England, where he obtained a patent for his improvements in cotton machinery and set up a mill near Bolton incorporating his ideas. His health failing, he was obliged to return to Switzerland in 1828, but he was soon busy with engineering works there and in France. In 1833 he went to England again, first to Bolton and four years later to Manchester in partnership with H.H.Birley. In the next ten years he patented many more inventions in the fields of textile machinery, steam engines and machine tools. These included a balanced steam engine, a mechanical stoker, steam engine valve gear, gear-cutting machines and a circular planer or vertical lathe, anticipating machines of this type later developed in America by E.P. Bullard. The metric system was used in his workshops and in gearing calculations he introduced the concept of diametral pitch, which then became known as "Manchester Pitch". The balanced engine was built in stationary form and in two locomotives, but although their running was remarkably smooth the additional complication prevented their wider use.

After the death of H.H.Birley in 1846, Bodmer removed to London until 1848, when he went to Austria. About 1860 he returned to his native town of Zurich. He remained actively engaged in all kinds of inventions up to the end of his life. He obtained fourteen British patents, each of which describes many inventions; two of these patents were extended beyond the normal duration of fourteen years. Two others were obtained on his behalf, one by his brother James in 1813 for his cannon and one relating to railways by Charles Fox in 1847. Many of his inventions had little direct influence but anticipated much later developments. His ideas were sound and some of his engines and machine tools were in use for over sixty years. He was elected a Member of the Institution of Civil Engineers in 1835.

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adjustment process процесс установления экономического равновесия arrival process вчт. процесс поступления требований autoregressive process авторегрессионный процесс averaging process процесс усреднения background process вчт. фоновый процесс bargaining process процесс (коллективных) переговоров batch process вчт. групповый процесс batch process вчт. периодический процесс process процесс, ход развития; changes are in process происходят перемены conciliation process процесс согласования concurrent process вчт. параллельный процесс congestion process процесс массового обслуживания continuous process непрерывный процесс cumulative process кумулятивный процесс data-generating process вчт. процесс получения данных decision-making process процесс принятия решений degenerate process вырожденный процесс fitting process процесс подбора эмпирической кривой foreground process приоритетный процесс gaussian process гауссовский процесс hibernating process вчт. остановленный процесс impeachment process процесс выражения недоверия process движение, ход, течение; in process of time с течением времени income formation process процесс формирования дохода input process вчт. процесс ввода installation process вчт. процесс установки integration process интеграционный процесс inverse queueing process процесс обслуживания в обратном порядке jury process призыв присяжных к отправлению их функций lead process вчт. ведущий процесс legal process судебный приказ legal process судебный процесс legislative process законодательный процесс linear process линейный процесс manual work process процесс ручного труда manufacturing process производственный процесс manufacturing process процесс изготовления manufacturing process процесс обработки many-server process вчт. процесс обслуживания в многоканальной системе mediation process процесс посредничества moving average process процесс скользящего усреднения moving-summation process процесс скользящего суммирования normal stochastic process нормальный стохастический процесс operational process процесс эксплуатации parent process вчт. родительский процесс paste-up process вчт. процесс монтажа policy-making process процесс осуществления политики process возбуждать дело process юр. возбуждать процесс process полигр. воспроизводить фотомеханическим способом process юр. вызов (в суд); предписание; судебный процесс process вызов в суд process движение, ход, течение; in process of time с течением времени process движение process копия производства по делу (направляемая в вышестоящую инстанцию) process копия производства по делу process начинать процесс process вчт. обрабатывать process обрабатывать process анат., зоол., бот. отросток process перерабатывать process подвергать обработке process подвергать (какому-л. техническому) процессу; обрабатывать process приказ о вызове в суд process приказ суда, особ. приказ о вызове в суд process приказ суда process процедура, порядок, производство дел, судопроизводство, процессуальные нормы, процесс process процедура process процесс, ход развития; changes are in process происходят перемены process вчт. процесс process процесс process процессуальные нормы process судебное производство process судебный процесс process судопроизводство process тех. технологический процесс, прием, способ process технологический процесс process течение process разг. участвовать в процессии process полигр. фотомеханический способ process ход развития process at law законная процедура process control block вчт. блок управления процессом process of adjustment процесс приспособления к изменившимся условиям process of adjustment процесс установления экономического равновесия process of establishment процесс становления process of liberalization процесс либерализации process status word вчт. слово состояния процесса production process производственный процесс quasistationary process квазистационарный процесс queueing process процесс массового обслуживания queueing process вчт. процесс образования очереди random process вероятностный процесс random walk process процесс случайного блуждания rehabilitation process процесс реабилитации scattering process процесс рассеяния sequential decision process процесс последовательного принятия решений sequential process многостадийный процесс shell process вчт. внешний процесс single-channel process вчт. процесс обслуживания в одноканальной системе sleeping process вчт. ждущий процесс smoothing process процесс сглаживания snowballing process лавинообразный процесс software process вчт. программный процесс spawner process вчт. порождающий процесс stationary process вчт. стационарный процесс stochastic process стохастический процесс system process системный процесс three-colour process полигр. трехкрасочная печать two-server process вчт. процесс обслуживания в 2-канальной системе user process вчт. пользовательский процесс verbal process протокол waiting process вчт. ждущий процесс