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shammai

  • 1 School of Shammai

    Beit Shammai (school van de Talmoed aanhanger van strengere opstelling)

    English-Dutch dictionary > School of Shammai

  • 2 School of Shammai

    בית-שמאי (אסכולה תלמודית הדוגלת בהחמרה)
    * * *
    (הרמחהב תלגודה תידומלת הלוכסא) יאמש-תיב

    English-Hebrew dictionary > School of Shammai

  • 3 School of Shammai

    Shammaiskolan (talmudisk skola med en sträng syn på efterföljandet av Halacha)

    English-Swedish dictionary > School of Shammai

  • 4 שמאי הזקן

    Shammai hazaken

    Hebrew-English dictionary > שמאי הזקן

  • 5 בית-שמאי

    School of Shammai (strict judgement)

    Hebrew-English dictionary > בית-שמאי

  • 6 בשא

    according to the school of Shammai
    ————————
    in the first book of Samuel (bible)
    ————————
    no way, by no means

    Hebrew-English dictionary > בשא

  • 7 בבא II

    בָּבָאII pr. n. m. 1) Baba (ben Buta), a disciple of Shammai, blinded by Herod. B. Bath.3b. Kerith. VI, 3. (Cmp. Jos. Ant. 15:7, 10.) 2) B. father of R. Judah. Eduy. VI, 1; a. fr.

    Jewish literature > בבא II

  • 8 בָּבָא

    בָּבָאII pr. n. m. 1) Baba (ben Buta), a disciple of Shammai, blinded by Herod. B. Bath.3b. Kerith. VI, 3. (Cmp. Jos. Ant. 15:7, 10.) 2) B. father of R. Judah. Eduy. VI, 1; a. fr.

    Jewish literature > בָּבָא

  • 9 דוסתאי

    דּוֹסְתַּאיpr. n. m. (Δοσίθεος) Dostai, 1) a disciple of Shammai. Orlah II, 5. 2) D. father of Abba José. Tosef.Peah IV, 2 ed. Zuck. (Var. דוסאי); Yoma 22b; a. fr. 3) R. D. son of R. Judah. Tosef.Shebi.II, 18; a. e. 4) R. D. son of R. Jannai. Tosef.Ber.VII (VI), 8. Nidd.31b; a. fr.

    Jewish literature > דוסתאי

  • 10 דּוֹסְתַּאי

    דּוֹסְתַּאיpr. n. m. (Δοσίθεος) Dostai, 1) a disciple of Shammai. Orlah II, 5. 2) D. father of Abba José. Tosef.Peah IV, 2 ed. Zuck. (Var. דוסאי); Yoma 22b; a. fr. 3) R. D. son of R. Judah. Tosef.Shebi.II, 18; a. e. 4) R. D. son of R. Jannai. Tosef.Ber.VII (VI), 8. Nidd.31b; a. fr.

    Jewish literature > דּוֹסְתַּאי

  • 11 זקן II

    זָקֵןII m. (b. h.; preced.) 1) old man. Gen. R. s. 39, opp. בחור. Y.Bicc.III, 65c bot. עמידת ז׳ (Yalk. Lev. 670 מצות ז׳) the duty of standing up before an old man. Ḥag.14a; a. fr. 2) elder, judge, scholar. Ib. (ref. to Is. 3:2) ז׳ זה שראויוכ׳ zaken means one fit to sit in college sessions. Ber.8b ז׳ ששכחוכ׳ a scholar who forgot what he had learned,, v. אוֹנֶס. Kidd.32b אין ז׳ אלא חכם under zaken (Lev. 19:32) a scholar is meant; Sifra Kdosh. Par. 3, ch. 7 אין ז̇ק̇ן̇ אלא ז̇ה שק̇נ̇ה חכמה a zaken is he who has acquired wisdom (through study).ז׳ אשמאי, v. אַשְׁמַאי. Yoma 28b ז׳ ויושב בישיבה a scholar and member of college. Y.M Kat. 3, beg. 81c איני מבירך ז׳ I shall not recognize thee as (give thee the diploma of) a zaken; a. fr.Pl. זְקֵנִים. Snh.I, 3, v. סְמִיכָה. Num. R. s. 14 מצות הז׳ rabbinical law. Ber.11a זִקְנֵיב״ש the graduates of the Shammai school; a. v. fr. 3) grandfather, ancestor. Ex. R. s. 1 מעשה זְקֵנָן the conduct of their ancestor (Abraham). Pesik. Zakh., p. 27b>; a. fr.Fem. זְקֵנָה, זְקֵינָה. 1) old woman. Gen. R. s. 39.Nidd.9a ז׳ one who is past the change of life. Ibb>; a. fr. 2) grandmother, ancestress. Kidd.31b הוה ליה ההיא אמא זקי׳ had a grandmother. Gen. R. s. 93 זְקֵינָתוֹ של זה this mans (my) ancestress (Sarah); a. e. 3) (snh. נְטִיעָה) old plantation. Tosef.Shebi.I, 2; a. e., opp. נטיעה young plantation.Pl. זְקֵינוֹת. Y. ib. I, 33b bot.; a. e.

    Jewish literature > זקן II

  • 12 זָקֵן

    זָקֵןII m. (b. h.; preced.) 1) old man. Gen. R. s. 39, opp. בחור. Y.Bicc.III, 65c bot. עמידת ז׳ (Yalk. Lev. 670 מצות ז׳) the duty of standing up before an old man. Ḥag.14a; a. fr. 2) elder, judge, scholar. Ib. (ref. to Is. 3:2) ז׳ זה שראויוכ׳ zaken means one fit to sit in college sessions. Ber.8b ז׳ ששכחוכ׳ a scholar who forgot what he had learned,, v. אוֹנֶס. Kidd.32b אין ז׳ אלא חכם under zaken (Lev. 19:32) a scholar is meant; Sifra Kdosh. Par. 3, ch. 7 אין ז̇ק̇ן̇ אלא ז̇ה שק̇נ̇ה חכמה a zaken is he who has acquired wisdom (through study).ז׳ אשמאי, v. אַשְׁמַאי. Yoma 28b ז׳ ויושב בישיבה a scholar and member of college. Y.M Kat. 3, beg. 81c איני מבירך ז׳ I shall not recognize thee as (give thee the diploma of) a zaken; a. fr.Pl. זְקֵנִים. Snh.I, 3, v. סְמִיכָה. Num. R. s. 14 מצות הז׳ rabbinical law. Ber.11a זִקְנֵיב״ש the graduates of the Shammai school; a. v. fr. 3) grandfather, ancestor. Ex. R. s. 1 מעשה זְקֵנָן the conduct of their ancestor (Abraham). Pesik. Zakh., p. 27b>; a. fr.Fem. זְקֵנָה, זְקֵינָה. 1) old woman. Gen. R. s. 39.Nidd.9a ז׳ one who is past the change of life. Ibb>; a. fr. 2) grandmother, ancestress. Kidd.31b הוה ליה ההיא אמא זקי׳ had a grandmother. Gen. R. s. 93 זְקֵינָתוֹ של זה this mans (my) ancestress (Sarah); a. e. 3) (snh. נְטִיעָה) old plantation. Tosef.Shebi.I, 2; a. e., opp. נטיעה young plantation.Pl. זְקֵינוֹת. Y. ib. I, 33b bot.; a. e.

    Jewish literature > זָקֵן

  • 13 חלק

    חָלַק(b. h.) 1) to be smooth, to be viscous. V. חָלָק. 2) (denom. of חֵלֶק) to assign, allot.ח׳ כבוד to honor, pay regards. Ber.19b, a. e. כל מקום … אין חֹולְקִיןוכ׳ wherever the desecration of the name of the Lord is threatened, no regards must be paid to a teacher. Zeb.102a; a. fr. 3) (denom. of חֵלֶק) to divide (by lot); to part; to take a share. Peah 3:5 האחין שחָלְקוּ brothers who divided an estate. B. Mets.I, 1, a. fr. יַחֲלֹוקוּ they shall divide the object (equally). Zeb.XII, 1 אינן חֹולְקִיןוכ׳ take no share Ḥull.65a אם חֹולֵק את רגליווכ׳ if the birds parts its toes (on the rope) so that there be two on each side Y.Sabb.VII, 9c bot. דבר … אינו חולק if a prohibition (included in a law) is specified again for a purpose, it does not intimate a division (that each single act of the class must be atoned for singly, v. הַבְעָרָה). Tosef.Dem.VI, 1 חֹולְקָן he divides the fruits with the landlord. (Ib. 2 החולק, read: החֹוכֵר. Y. ib. VI, beg.25a מישראל חולק if the property is farmed from an Israelite, he divides the produces (before separating Trumah); a. v. fr. 4) (with על) to differ with, object, oppose. Y.Sabb.XV, beg.15a מח חוֹלְקִין עלוכ׳ how is it? do they differ with ?Ber.27b החולק על ישיבתווכ׳וכ׳; Snh.110a הח׳ על רבו (Ar. הנֶחְלַק, Nif.) he who opposes (the school of) his teacher. Ber. l. c. כלום יש אדם חֹולֵק בדבר זה is there any one here differing from this opinion?; a. v. fr.Part. pass, חָלוּק, pl. חֲלוּקִים, חֲלוּקִין divided, interrupted; disputed; of different opinion. Mikv. VIII, 2 מים ח׳ interrupted flow of urin.B. Bath. 176a ח׳ היהר׳וכ׳ R. … differed Ib. IX, 10 (158b) על החֲלוּקִין ואתה בא … לחַלֵּק עלינווכ׳ we grieve over the divided opinions, and you come to assert a division for us on things on which they (the schools of Shammai and Hillel) agree?; (Y.Shek.III, beg.47b לַחֲלֹוק). Y.Keth.I, end, 26a ח׳ על אביו differs with his father; a. fr.Tosef. Yoma 5 ( 4), 6, a. e. ארבעה חֲלוּקֵי כפרה there are four persons under different categories as to atonement. Arakh.10b דחֲלוּקָה בקרבנותיה which differs (from other days) as regards sacrifices. Ib. חֲלוּקְיןוכ׳ the numbers of sacrifices are different each day. Nif. נֶחְלַק 1) to be divided, distributed. Midr. Till. to Ps. 27 (ref. to אחלק, Ex. 15:9) אֵיחָלֵק I shall be divided (plundered). 2) to differ. Ḥag.16b נֶחְלְקוּ בהוכ׳ the great men of the age differ about it. Ber.27b; Snh.110a v. supra. Keth.XIII, 1; a. fr. Hif. הֶחֱלִיק 1) to smoothen, make even, level; to improve the appearance. Maasr. I, 8 משיַחֲלִיקֶנּוּ from the moment that he smoothens the cake of figs (by rubbing it with figs or grapes). Ib. המַחֲלִיק בענבים if one uses grapes for smoothening.Shebi. IV, 4 במַחֲלִיק when one levels a field (by taking out plants); expl. ib. המח׳ ג׳ זה בצד זה levelling means taking out (at least) three plants next to each other, contrad. to המדל, taking out one or two plants.Peah III, 3, V. אֶחָד a. e.Trnsf. to close a tune softly (piano). Arakh.II, 3 (10a) ולא היה מַחֲלִיק אלא … מפני שהוא מחליק יפה (Talm. ed. ולא היה מְחַלֵּק … מחליקוכ׳) none but a flute solo was used for closing a tune, because it makes a pleasant finale. 3) to glide, slip. Erub.X, 14 בשביל שלא יַחֲלִיקוּ that the priests might not slip. B. Mets.VI, 3 אם הֶחֱלִיקָה if the animal injured herself by slipping. 4) to be smooth. Yeb.80b בשרו מַחֲלִיק his flesh is smooth. Hof. הוּחֲלַק 1) to be injured by slipping. B. Kam.47b הוּחְלְקָה בהן the animal was injured by tripping over the fruits. 2) to be smoothed. Part, מוּחֲלָק, pl. מוּחֲלָקִין. B. Mets. 103b קנים המ׳ smoothed (peeled) poles.( 3) to be divided up, v. infra. Pi. חִילֵּק to divide, distribute, part. Y.Keth.II, beg.26a בוא וחַלֵּקוכ׳ come and divide with me Y.Peah VIII, 20c top; Y.Shebi.VI, beg.36b שבע שחִילְּקוּ the seven years during which they distributed the land (among the tribes); Zeb.118b.B. Bath.IX, 7 המְחַלֵּק נכסיווכ׳ if one disposes (wills). by word of mouth; a. fr.Sabb.70a, a. e. לחַלֵּק, v. הַבְעָרָה.Arakh.II, 3 (10a), v. supra.Part. pass. מְחוּלָּק a) divided up, plundered. Yalk. Ex. 249 (ref. to אחלק, Ex. 15:9) מ׳ אני להם I shall be divided up among them, v. Nif.; Mekh. Bshall., Shirah, s.7 מוחלק.b) distinct, separate. Tanḥ. Ḥuck. 6 והן מְחוּלָּקִין זה מזה and they are different from one another (in the range of their intellects). Hithpa. הִתְחַלֵּק, Nithpa. נִתְחַלֵּק to be divided, distributed; to part, separate. Par. III, 11 היה מִתְחַלֵּקוכ׳ was distributed among Snh.34a, v. נִיצֹוץ.Sifré Num. 132 ליוצאי מצרים נִתְחַלְּקָהוכ׳ the land was divided up according to the census taken at their going out from Egypt. Ib. לא נתח׳ … לבל שנטוכ׳ the land was allotted to each tribe (in a lump), according to its population. Ib. לא נתח׳ … אלא בשמיון it was divided according to value; B. Bath. 122a לא נ׳ אלא בכסף.Midr. Till. to Ps. 18:2 היה מתח׳ מחיילותיו he separated himself from his armies (for prayer). Ib. וכשהיה המחנה שלו מתח׳ and because his camp was thus divided (some praying, others not praying); a. fr.

    Jewish literature > חלק

  • 14 חָלַק

    חָלַק(b. h.) 1) to be smooth, to be viscous. V. חָלָק. 2) (denom. of חֵלֶק) to assign, allot.ח׳ כבוד to honor, pay regards. Ber.19b, a. e. כל מקום … אין חֹולְקִיןוכ׳ wherever the desecration of the name of the Lord is threatened, no regards must be paid to a teacher. Zeb.102a; a. fr. 3) (denom. of חֵלֶק) to divide (by lot); to part; to take a share. Peah 3:5 האחין שחָלְקוּ brothers who divided an estate. B. Mets.I, 1, a. fr. יַחֲלֹוקוּ they shall divide the object (equally). Zeb.XII, 1 אינן חֹולְקִיןוכ׳ take no share Ḥull.65a אם חֹולֵק את רגליווכ׳ if the birds parts its toes (on the rope) so that there be two on each side Y.Sabb.VII, 9c bot. דבר … אינו חולק if a prohibition (included in a law) is specified again for a purpose, it does not intimate a division (that each single act of the class must be atoned for singly, v. הַבְעָרָה). Tosef.Dem.VI, 1 חֹולְקָן he divides the fruits with the landlord. (Ib. 2 החולק, read: החֹוכֵר. Y. ib. VI, beg.25a מישראל חולק if the property is farmed from an Israelite, he divides the produces (before separating Trumah); a. v. fr. 4) (with על) to differ with, object, oppose. Y.Sabb.XV, beg.15a מח חוֹלְקִין עלוכ׳ how is it? do they differ with ?Ber.27b החולק על ישיבתווכ׳וכ׳; Snh.110a הח׳ על רבו (Ar. הנֶחְלַק, Nif.) he who opposes (the school of) his teacher. Ber. l. c. כלום יש אדם חֹולֵק בדבר זה is there any one here differing from this opinion?; a. v. fr.Part. pass, חָלוּק, pl. חֲלוּקִים, חֲלוּקִין divided, interrupted; disputed; of different opinion. Mikv. VIII, 2 מים ח׳ interrupted flow of urin.B. Bath. 176a ח׳ היהר׳וכ׳ R. … differed Ib. IX, 10 (158b) על החֲלוּקִין ואתה בא … לחַלֵּק עלינווכ׳ we grieve over the divided opinions, and you come to assert a division for us on things on which they (the schools of Shammai and Hillel) agree?; (Y.Shek.III, beg.47b לַחֲלֹוק). Y.Keth.I, end, 26a ח׳ על אביו differs with his father; a. fr.Tosef. Yoma 5 ( 4), 6, a. e. ארבעה חֲלוּקֵי כפרה there are four persons under different categories as to atonement. Arakh.10b דחֲלוּקָה בקרבנותיה which differs (from other days) as regards sacrifices. Ib. חֲלוּקְיןוכ׳ the numbers of sacrifices are different each day. Nif. נֶחְלַק 1) to be divided, distributed. Midr. Till. to Ps. 27 (ref. to אחלק, Ex. 15:9) אֵיחָלֵק I shall be divided (plundered). 2) to differ. Ḥag.16b נֶחְלְקוּ בהוכ׳ the great men of the age differ about it. Ber.27b; Snh.110a v. supra. Keth.XIII, 1; a. fr. Hif. הֶחֱלִיק 1) to smoothen, make even, level; to improve the appearance. Maasr. I, 8 משיַחֲלִיקֶנּוּ from the moment that he smoothens the cake of figs (by rubbing it with figs or grapes). Ib. המַחֲלִיק בענבים if one uses grapes for smoothening.Shebi. IV, 4 במַחֲלִיק when one levels a field (by taking out plants); expl. ib. המח׳ ג׳ זה בצד זה levelling means taking out (at least) three plants next to each other, contrad. to המדל, taking out one or two plants.Peah III, 3, V. אֶחָד a. e.Trnsf. to close a tune softly (piano). Arakh.II, 3 (10a) ולא היה מַחֲלִיק אלא … מפני שהוא מחליק יפה (Talm. ed. ולא היה מְחַלֵּק … מחליקוכ׳) none but a flute solo was used for closing a tune, because it makes a pleasant finale. 3) to glide, slip. Erub.X, 14 בשביל שלא יַחֲלִיקוּ that the priests might not slip. B. Mets.VI, 3 אם הֶחֱלִיקָה if the animal injured herself by slipping. 4) to be smooth. Yeb.80b בשרו מַחֲלִיק his flesh is smooth. Hof. הוּחֲלַק 1) to be injured by slipping. B. Kam.47b הוּחְלְקָה בהן the animal was injured by tripping over the fruits. 2) to be smoothed. Part, מוּחֲלָק, pl. מוּחֲלָקִין. B. Mets. 103b קנים המ׳ smoothed (peeled) poles.( 3) to be divided up, v. infra. Pi. חִילֵּק to divide, distribute, part. Y.Keth.II, beg.26a בוא וחַלֵּקוכ׳ come and divide with me Y.Peah VIII, 20c top; Y.Shebi.VI, beg.36b שבע שחִילְּקוּ the seven years during which they distributed the land (among the tribes); Zeb.118b.B. Bath.IX, 7 המְחַלֵּק נכסיווכ׳ if one disposes (wills). by word of mouth; a. fr.Sabb.70a, a. e. לחַלֵּק, v. הַבְעָרָה.Arakh.II, 3 (10a), v. supra.Part. pass. מְחוּלָּק a) divided up, plundered. Yalk. Ex. 249 (ref. to אחלק, Ex. 15:9) מ׳ אני להם I shall be divided up among them, v. Nif.; Mekh. Bshall., Shirah, s.7 מוחלק.b) distinct, separate. Tanḥ. Ḥuck. 6 והן מְחוּלָּקִין זה מזה and they are different from one another (in the range of their intellects). Hithpa. הִתְחַלֵּק, Nithpa. נִתְחַלֵּק to be divided, distributed; to part, separate. Par. III, 11 היה מִתְחַלֵּקוכ׳ was distributed among Snh.34a, v. נִיצֹוץ.Sifré Num. 132 ליוצאי מצרים נִתְחַלְּקָהוכ׳ the land was divided up according to the census taken at their going out from Egypt. Ib. לא נתח׳ … לבל שנטוכ׳ the land was allotted to each tribe (in a lump), according to its population. Ib. לא נתח׳ … אלא בשמיון it was divided according to value; B. Bath. 122a לא נ׳ אלא בכסף.Midr. Till. to Ps. 18:2 היה מתח׳ מחיילותיו he separated himself from his armies (for prayer). Ib. וכשהיה המחנה שלו מתח׳ and because his camp was thus divided (some praying, others not praying); a. fr.

    Jewish literature > חָלַק

  • 15 כפף

    כָּפַף(b. h.) 1) to bend, curve. Gen. R. s. 87, end כּוֹפֶפֶת אני את קומתך … כְּפוּפִים (Potiphars wife said to Joseph) I shall bend thy proud stature (humiliate thee with slave labor); said he, The Lord erects those who are bowed down. B. Kam.55b הכּוֹפֵף … בפניוכ׳ he who bends his neighbors grain stalks before the fire (so as to make them catch fire). Num. R. s. 6, beg. נביא כופף ידיווכ׳ the prophet must bend his hands and feet to sit before (surrender his power to) the high priest; (Y.Hor.III, 48b bot. מְכַפֵּת). Cant. R. beg. לָכוֹף אזניךוכ׳ to bend thy ear and listen; a. fr.Part. pass. כָּפוּף, f. כְּפוּפָה, pl. כְּפוּפִים, כְּפוּפִין; כְּפוּפוֹת. Sabb.17a היה הלל כ׳ ויושבוכ׳ Hillel sat bent (in submission) before Shammai. Gen. R. l. c., v. supra. R. Hash. III, 4 בשל זכרים כ׳ with bent horns of rams. Yalk. Ex. 276 דוויםוכ׳ suffering and humbled (v. סָגַף, סָחַף); a. fr.Esp. the curved letters צ, פ, נ, כ, opp. פשוט the straight-lined, the shape of the final letters. Sabb.104a (symbolization of letters) נו״ן כ׳ … נ̇אמן כ׳וכ׳ Nun bent, Nun straightened, faithful when bent (in distress), faithful when straightened (raised up) Ib. 103b כ׳ פשוטיןוכ׳ that one must not write the curved letters straightened 2) to bend, force, conquer. Y.Snh.I, 18a bot. מומחה שכ׳ ודן an authorized judge that forced (the law requiring three judges) and judged singly. Y.Yeb.XII, 12c ר׳ יצחק כ׳ R. J. forced (the law requiring three judges for ḥălitsah); ib. הא רבן כ׳ it was our teacher who did it. Keth.4b אין … לָכוֹףוכ׳ no husband dares force his wife (in mourning) to paint Num. R. s. 14 (play on כף) זה אברהם שכַּף את יצרווכ׳ (some ed. שכפף) that refers to Abraham who conquered his inclinations 3) to invert, upset. Y.Ber.III, 6a top גרמתני לכוֹפְפָהּ thou didst cause me to upset it (the divine image), v. כָּפָה; (M. Kat. 15b ובעונותיכם הפכתיה). Y. l. c. מטות כְּפוּפוֹת = כְּפוּיוֹת, v. כָּפָה; a. fr.(Num. R. s. 10 כפפתו אימו, read כפתתו, v. כָּפַת.Sabb.106a הסיט כפוף Ar., ed. כָּפוּל, v. סיט. 4) to bend ones self upon, to take pains (cmp. כְּפַל). Cant. R. to I, 17 כפפתי לעקורוכ׳ I took pains to destroy the passion for idolatry. Nif. נִכְפַּף to be bent. Pesik. R. s. 28 (read:) עד שנִכְפְּפָה קומתםוכ׳ so that their statures were bent under their load. Arakh.19a שרביט שאינו נכפף a staff (of gold or silver) which cannot be bent. Num. R. s. 5, end נִכְפְּפָה היריעהוכ׳ the curtain around the Ark was bent aside (prob. to be read נכפלה). B. Kam.61a בנִכְפֶּפֶת when the fire is diverted from its course through the wind; (oth. opin.: when the fire is subdued (low) and creeping over the plants on the ground), opp. קולחת or קודחת. Cant. R. to I, 17. Pesik. R. s. 14 שתי השערות נִכְפָּפוֹת (not … פים) the two hairs (on the neck) are bent, opp. נזקפות; a. e.

    Jewish literature > כפף

  • 16 כָּפַף

    כָּפַף(b. h.) 1) to bend, curve. Gen. R. s. 87, end כּוֹפֶפֶת אני את קומתך … כְּפוּפִים (Potiphars wife said to Joseph) I shall bend thy proud stature (humiliate thee with slave labor); said he, The Lord erects those who are bowed down. B. Kam.55b הכּוֹפֵף … בפניוכ׳ he who bends his neighbors grain stalks before the fire (so as to make them catch fire). Num. R. s. 6, beg. נביא כופף ידיווכ׳ the prophet must bend his hands and feet to sit before (surrender his power to) the high priest; (Y.Hor.III, 48b bot. מְכַפֵּת). Cant. R. beg. לָכוֹף אזניךוכ׳ to bend thy ear and listen; a. fr.Part. pass. כָּפוּף, f. כְּפוּפָה, pl. כְּפוּפִים, כְּפוּפִין; כְּפוּפוֹת. Sabb.17a היה הלל כ׳ ויושבוכ׳ Hillel sat bent (in submission) before Shammai. Gen. R. l. c., v. supra. R. Hash. III, 4 בשל זכרים כ׳ with bent horns of rams. Yalk. Ex. 276 דוויםוכ׳ suffering and humbled (v. סָגַף, סָחַף); a. fr.Esp. the curved letters צ, פ, נ, כ, opp. פשוט the straight-lined, the shape of the final letters. Sabb.104a (symbolization of letters) נו״ן כ׳ … נ̇אמן כ׳וכ׳ Nun bent, Nun straightened, faithful when bent (in distress), faithful when straightened (raised up) Ib. 103b כ׳ פשוטיןוכ׳ that one must not write the curved letters straightened 2) to bend, force, conquer. Y.Snh.I, 18a bot. מומחה שכ׳ ודן an authorized judge that forced (the law requiring three judges) and judged singly. Y.Yeb.XII, 12c ר׳ יצחק כ׳ R. J. forced (the law requiring three judges for ḥălitsah); ib. הא רבן כ׳ it was our teacher who did it. Keth.4b אין … לָכוֹףוכ׳ no husband dares force his wife (in mourning) to paint Num. R. s. 14 (play on כף) זה אברהם שכַּף את יצרווכ׳ (some ed. שכפף) that refers to Abraham who conquered his inclinations 3) to invert, upset. Y.Ber.III, 6a top גרמתני לכוֹפְפָהּ thou didst cause me to upset it (the divine image), v. כָּפָה; (M. Kat. 15b ובעונותיכם הפכתיה). Y. l. c. מטות כְּפוּפוֹת = כְּפוּיוֹת, v. כָּפָה; a. fr.(Num. R. s. 10 כפפתו אימו, read כפתתו, v. כָּפַת.Sabb.106a הסיט כפוף Ar., ed. כָּפוּל, v. סיט. 4) to bend ones self upon, to take pains (cmp. כְּפַל). Cant. R. to I, 17 כפפתי לעקורוכ׳ I took pains to destroy the passion for idolatry. Nif. נִכְפַּף to be bent. Pesik. R. s. 28 (read:) עד שנִכְפְּפָה קומתםוכ׳ so that their statures were bent under their load. Arakh.19a שרביט שאינו נכפף a staff (of gold or silver) which cannot be bent. Num. R. s. 5, end נִכְפְּפָה היריעהוכ׳ the curtain around the Ark was bent aside (prob. to be read נכפלה). B. Kam.61a בנִכְפֶּפֶת when the fire is diverted from its course through the wind; (oth. opin.: when the fire is subdued (low) and creeping over the plants on the ground), opp. קולחת or קודחת. Cant. R. to I, 17. Pesik. R. s. 14 שתי השערות נִכְפָּפוֹת (not … פים) the two hairs (on the neck) are bent, opp. נזקפות; a. e.

    Jewish literature > כָּפַף

  • 17 מאור

    מָאוֹרm. (b. h.; אוּר) 1) luminary, light. Ber.VIII, 5 Beth-Shammai reads שברא מאור האש (Blessed be) who created the light of fire; Beth Hillel בורא מְאוֹרֵי האש the Creator of the lights (colors) of fire. Tosef. ib. VI (V), 6 they differ על המ׳וכ׳ as to the order of the benedictions over light and over spices; Ber.52b; Pes.103a; a. fr.מְ׳ עינים eye-sight. Ib. 62b. Y.Taan.IV, 68d top.Ḥag. 5b, (euphem.) ומ׳ עינים הוא he is blind (cmp. נְהוֹרָא).Ber.17a עיניך … במְ׳ תורה may thy eyes shine through the light of the Law. Midr. Till. to Ps. 119:135 במ׳ פנים with a shining face (benevolence); a. fr.Pl. מְאוֹרוֹת; constr. מְאוֹרֵי. Ber.52b הרבה מ׳ יש באור there is a combination of lights (colors) in the artificial light. Ib. פליגי מאור ומאורי they differ as to (saying in the benediction) maor or moré, v. supra. Meg.IV, 6 כל שלא ראה מ׳ מימיו he who has never seen the luminaries (born blind). Ber.12a (closing formula of a morning benediction) יוצר המ׳ the Creator of the luminaries; a. fr. 2) light-hole, opening, window. Ohol. XIII, 1 העושה מ׳ בתחילה he who leaves an opening (in the wall) from the start (when building). Tosef. ib. XIV, 1 פתח שעשאו למ׳ an opening which one made to serve as a window; הגיפו למ׳ if he filled the window up. Sabb.XXIV, 5; a. fr.

    Jewish literature > מאור

  • 18 מָאוֹר

    מָאוֹרm. (b. h.; אוּר) 1) luminary, light. Ber.VIII, 5 Beth-Shammai reads שברא מאור האש (Blessed be) who created the light of fire; Beth Hillel בורא מְאוֹרֵי האש the Creator of the lights (colors) of fire. Tosef. ib. VI (V), 6 they differ על המ׳וכ׳ as to the order of the benedictions over light and over spices; Ber.52b; Pes.103a; a. fr.מְ׳ עינים eye-sight. Ib. 62b. Y.Taan.IV, 68d top.Ḥag. 5b, (euphem.) ומ׳ עינים הוא he is blind (cmp. נְהוֹרָא).Ber.17a עיניך … במְ׳ תורה may thy eyes shine through the light of the Law. Midr. Till. to Ps. 119:135 במ׳ פנים with a shining face (benevolence); a. fr.Pl. מְאוֹרוֹת; constr. מְאוֹרֵי. Ber.52b הרבה מ׳ יש באור there is a combination of lights (colors) in the artificial light. Ib. פליגי מאור ומאורי they differ as to (saying in the benediction) maor or moré, v. supra. Meg.IV, 6 כל שלא ראה מ׳ מימיו he who has never seen the luminaries (born blind). Ber.12a (closing formula of a morning benediction) יוצר המ׳ the Creator of the luminaries; a. fr. 2) light-hole, opening, window. Ohol. XIII, 1 העושה מ׳ בתחילה he who leaves an opening (in the wall) from the start (when building). Tosef. ib. XIV, 1 פתח שעשאו למ׳ an opening which one made to serve as a window; הגיפו למ׳ if he filled the window up. Sabb.XXIV, 5; a. fr.

    Jewish literature > מָאוֹר

  • 19 מוקצה

    מוּקְצֶהm. (Part. Hof. of קָצָה) (cut off, set aside, stored away, 1) a space back of the dwelling, containing stored up wood, cattle in sheds Erub.II, 3; ib. 22a. Ib. X, 8. Bets.IV, 1 עצים שבמ׳ wood in the muktseh (stored for the winter); a. e. 2) store of fruits. Maasr. III, 2. Ib. I, 5 עד שיעשה מ׳ until the melon is stored away. Y.Ter.II, 41d top היה נוטל … מן המ׳ עלוכ׳ he took ten dry figs from the storage as tithes for ninety in the basket (designated for immediate use, v. כַּלְכָּלָה); (Men.54b; 55a מקצוע). 3) (sub. כלי) the tool specially intended ( for cutting figs). Shebi. VIII, 6, v. חַרְבָּה; (Maim. the shed where figs are spread for drying.. 4) an animal set aside ( in a shed) for a sacrifice. Tem.28b מ׳ לשבע שנים set aside until it would be seven years old. Ib. 29a מניין למ׳ מן התורה where in the Torah is muktseh intimated? (misunderstood by Abbaye as meaning, ‘where is it intimated that an animal must be kept in an enclosed space for some time before it can be offered on the altar?and corrected as meaning, ‘where is it intimated that an animal designated for idolatry is forbidden for the Jewish altar?).Tosef.Ab. Zar. V (VI), 10 איזה מ׳ מ׳ לע״זוכ׳ what is meant by m. (as forbidden for the altar)? That which has been set aside (in a special place designated for the purpose) for idolatrous use, but if one merely devoted it by word of mouth Tem.VI, 1. Tosef. l. c. 9 מאימתי נקרא מ׳ משנעשהוכ׳ when is an animal called m. (for idolatry)? From the time that an act (of dedication) has been done with it; Tem.29a אין מ׳ אסור אלא עד שיעבדו (בו) (v. Rashia first interpret.; second interpret.) a m. remains forbidden only until it has been used for some work (whereby its designation for the idolatrous altar is annulled). Ib. אין מ׳ אסור … מעשה a m. remains forbidden only until some act (as shearing its wool or some work) has been done with it; a. e. 4) (Sabbath law) muktseh, that which is not counted on for use on the Sabbath or Holy Day (v. מוּכָן s. v. כּוּן, a. הַזְמָנָה); forbidden for use or handling. Bets.2a מאי טעמייהו דב״ש מ׳ הוא what reason had Beth Shammai (to permit the egg laid on the Holy Day by a hen which is kept for laying eggs and can, therefore, not be used for consumption on that day)? Is it not muktseh? Ib. דאית ליה מ׳ אית ליה נולד he who forbids m. forbids also nolad (v. יָלַד). Sabb.44a מ׳ מחמת מיאוס not counted on (and therefore forbidden to handle) on account of its repulsiveness (e. g. an old clay candlestick); מ׳ מחמת איסור m. in consequence of a ritual prohibition (e. g. a candlestick which on the entrance of the Sabbath could not be moved because a light was burning on it). Ib. 157a מ׳ מחמת חסרון כיס not counted on for use on the Sabbath because the object is too expensive for a use for which it is not originally made; a. fr.Pl. מוּקְצִים, מוּקְצִין set apart, chosen. Sifré Num. 85 (ref. to בקצה, Num. 11:1) במ׳ שבהם the fire seized the distinguished among them (with ref. to קצין, Jud. 11:11; Yalk. Num. 732 בקצינים). Fem. מוּקְצָה, pl. מוּקְצוֹת. Sabb.43b והא מ׳ נינהו are they not muktseh (because they are not intended for human food)?

    Jewish literature > מוקצה

  • 20 מוּקְצֶה

    מוּקְצֶהm. (Part. Hof. of קָצָה) (cut off, set aside, stored away, 1) a space back of the dwelling, containing stored up wood, cattle in sheds Erub.II, 3; ib. 22a. Ib. X, 8. Bets.IV, 1 עצים שבמ׳ wood in the muktseh (stored for the winter); a. e. 2) store of fruits. Maasr. III, 2. Ib. I, 5 עד שיעשה מ׳ until the melon is stored away. Y.Ter.II, 41d top היה נוטל … מן המ׳ עלוכ׳ he took ten dry figs from the storage as tithes for ninety in the basket (designated for immediate use, v. כַּלְכָּלָה); (Men.54b; 55a מקצוע). 3) (sub. כלי) the tool specially intended ( for cutting figs). Shebi. VIII, 6, v. חַרְבָּה; (Maim. the shed where figs are spread for drying.. 4) an animal set aside ( in a shed) for a sacrifice. Tem.28b מ׳ לשבע שנים set aside until it would be seven years old. Ib. 29a מניין למ׳ מן התורה where in the Torah is muktseh intimated? (misunderstood by Abbaye as meaning, ‘where is it intimated that an animal must be kept in an enclosed space for some time before it can be offered on the altar?and corrected as meaning, ‘where is it intimated that an animal designated for idolatry is forbidden for the Jewish altar?).Tosef.Ab. Zar. V (VI), 10 איזה מ׳ מ׳ לע״זוכ׳ what is meant by m. (as forbidden for the altar)? That which has been set aside (in a special place designated for the purpose) for idolatrous use, but if one merely devoted it by word of mouth Tem.VI, 1. Tosef. l. c. 9 מאימתי נקרא מ׳ משנעשהוכ׳ when is an animal called m. (for idolatry)? From the time that an act (of dedication) has been done with it; Tem.29a אין מ׳ אסור אלא עד שיעבדו (בו) (v. Rashia first interpret.; second interpret.) a m. remains forbidden only until it has been used for some work (whereby its designation for the idolatrous altar is annulled). Ib. אין מ׳ אסור … מעשה a m. remains forbidden only until some act (as shearing its wool or some work) has been done with it; a. e. 4) (Sabbath law) muktseh, that which is not counted on for use on the Sabbath or Holy Day (v. מוּכָן s. v. כּוּן, a. הַזְמָנָה); forbidden for use or handling. Bets.2a מאי טעמייהו דב״ש מ׳ הוא what reason had Beth Shammai (to permit the egg laid on the Holy Day by a hen which is kept for laying eggs and can, therefore, not be used for consumption on that day)? Is it not muktseh? Ib. דאית ליה מ׳ אית ליה נולד he who forbids m. forbids also nolad (v. יָלַד). Sabb.44a מ׳ מחמת מיאוס not counted on (and therefore forbidden to handle) on account of its repulsiveness (e. g. an old clay candlestick); מ׳ מחמת איסור m. in consequence of a ritual prohibition (e. g. a candlestick which on the entrance of the Sabbath could not be moved because a light was burning on it). Ib. 157a מ׳ מחמת חסרון כיס not counted on for use on the Sabbath because the object is too expensive for a use for which it is not originally made; a. fr.Pl. מוּקְצִים, מוּקְצִין set apart, chosen. Sifré Num. 85 (ref. to בקצה, Num. 11:1) במ׳ שבהם the fire seized the distinguished among them (with ref. to קצין, Jud. 11:11; Yalk. Num. 732 בקצינים). Fem. מוּקְצָה, pl. מוּקְצוֹת. Sabb.43b והא מ׳ נינהו are they not muktseh (because they are not intended for human food)?

    Jewish literature > מוּקְצֶה

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  • Shammai — (50 BCE ndash;30 CE, Hebrew: שמאי) was a Jewish scholar of the 1st century, and an important figure in Judaism s core work of rabbinic literature, the Mishnah.Shammai was the most eminent contemporary and the halakhic opponent of Hillel, and is… …   Wikipedia

  • SHAMMAI — (Ha Zaken, i.e., The Elder; c. 50 B.C.E.–c. 30 C.E.), one of the zugot , the leaders of the Sanhedrin. Hillel s first colleague was menahem the Essene and Shammai was appointed to succeed him as av bet din when he retired. Nothing is known of the …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • Shammai — Shammaï Shammaï (mort en 30 ap. J. C.) fut contemporain d Hillel, et comme lui, une figure majeure de la Mishna. Shammaï et Hillel forment le couple de Sages le plus célèbre de l histoire talmudique. Ils sont en constant désaccord sur la Halakha …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Shammai — • Jewish scribe who together with Hillel made up the last of the pairs , or as they are sometimes erroneously named, presidents and vice presidents of the Sanhedrin Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006. Shammai     Shammai …   Catholic encyclopedia

  • Shammaï — la tombe de Shammaï à Méron Shammaï (mort en 30 ap. J. C.) fut contemporain d Hillel, et comme lui, une figure majeure de la Mishna. Shammaï et Hillel forment le couple de Sages le plus célèbre de l histoire talmudique. Ils sont en constant… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Shammai — (50 BC–c. AD 30)    Jewish sage. Shammai ha Zaken (‘the Elder’) and his contemporary HILLEL were the leading Jewish scholars and teachers of the late Second Temple period, and were co heads of the Sanhedrin in Jerusalem. Each was the founder and… …   Who’s Who in Jewish History after the period of the Old Testament

  • Shammai — A rabbinical teacher [[➝ teaching]] in the time of Jesus. He gave a rigorous interpretation of the Law, contrasting with the more relaxed and liberal views of Hillel. Those of the Shammai school were often in conflict with the Roman authorities,… …   Dictionary of the Bible

  • Shammai — /shah muy/ fl. 1st century B.C., Hebrew rabbi: founder of Beth Shammai, school of hermeneutics. * * * …   Universalium

  • Shammai — (fl. 1st cent BCE)    Palestinian rabbi. He was a contemporary of Hillel, and together they were the last of the zugot. He adopted a rigorous standpoint in moral and religious matters. The School of Shammai later disputed legal issues with the… …   Dictionary of Jewish Biography

  • SHAMMAI —    an eminent Jewish rabbi of the time of Herod, who held the position of supreme judge in the Sanhedrim under the presidency of HILLEL (q.v.), and whose narrow, rigid orthodoxy and repressive policy became the leading principles of his school,… …   The Nuttall Encyclopaedia

  • Shammai — /shah muy/ fl. 1st century B.C., Hebrew rabbi: founder of Beth Shammai, school of hermeneutics …   Useful english dictionary

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