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separated

  • 1 bě̄dà

    bě̄dà Grammatical information: f. ā Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `need, poverty, misery'
    Page in Trubačev: II 54-56
    Old Church Slavic:
    běda `distress, need, necessity' [f ā]
    Russian:
    bedá `misfortune, trouble' [f ā]
    Czech:
    bída `poverty, misery' [f ā];
    běda `woe!' [interj]
    Slovak:
    bieda `poverty, calamity' [f ā]
    Polish:
    bieda `poverty, misery' [f ā];
    biada `woe!' [interj]
    Old Polish:
    biada `distress, necessity' [f ā] \{1\}
    Upper Sorbian:
    běda `grief, woe, misery' [f ā]
    Lower Sorbian:
    běda `grief, pain' [f ā]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    bijèda `grief, misfortune' [f ā]
    Slovene:
    bẹ́da `misery' [f ā]
    Bulgarian:
    bedá `misfortune, misery' [f ā]
    Indo-European reconstruction: bʰoidʰ-eh₂ \{2\}
    IE meaning: force
    Certainty: +
    Page in Pokorny: 117
    Comments: According to Būga (RR I: 345-346), Lith. bėdà 4 `misfortune, trouble, guilt' is probably not a borrowing from Slavic because it has ė instead of the expected ie (cf. biẽdnas `poor'). Indeed, there seems to be no obvious reason why bėdà and Latv. bę̀da `sorrow, grief, distress' should not be old. These words could be connected with bãdas `hunger' and Skt. bā́dhate `oppress' (Būga l.c., Derksen 1996: 258). However, a dilemma arises if we consider that Slavic běditi `force, persuade' cannot be separated from Go. baidjan `force'. We must either declare the Baltic forms borrowings or assume that in Slavic *běd- < *bhoidh- and *běd- < *bʰēdʰ- were contaminated (cf. Anikin 1998: 39). In the latter case OCS běda `distress' and `necessity' would continue different roots. This is a possibility which cannot be excluded. The hypothesis that Lith. baidýti `to scare' < *bʰiH- `to fear' is cognate with *bē̌dà and *běditi (cf. Trubačëv II: 55-56) must be rejected, if only on formal grounds.
    Other cognates:
    Alb. be `oath' [f] \{2\}
    Notes:
    \{1\} The vocalism of Modern Polish bieda `id.' is of Mazowian origin, cf. biada `woe!'. \{2\} According to Būga (RR I: 345-346), Lith. bėdà 4 `misfortune, trouble, guilt' is probably not a borrowing from Slavic because it has ė instead of the expected ie (cf. biẽdnas `poor'). Indeed, there seems to be no obvious reason why bėdà and Latv. bę̀da `sorrow, grief, distress' should not be old. These words could be connected with bãdas `hunger' and Skt. bā́dhate `oppress' (Būga l.c., Derksen 1996: 258). However, a dilemma arises if we consider that Slavic běditi `force, persuade' cannot be separated from Go. baidjan `force'. We must either declare the Baltic forms borrowings or assume that in Slavic *běd- < *bhoidh- and *běd- < *bʰēdʰ- were contaminated (cf. Anikin 1998: 39). In the latter case OCS běda `distress' and `necessity' would continue different roots. This is a possibility which cannot be excluded. The hypothesis that Lith. baidýti `to scare' < *bʰiH- `to fear' is cognate with *bē̌dà and *běditi (cf. Trubačëv II: 55-56) must be rejected, if only on formal grounds. \{3\} Demiraj prefers *bʰeidʰ-i-s to an ā-stem (1997: 94).

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > bě̄dà

  • 2 děl̨a

    děl̨a; děl̨ьma; děl̨a; dьl̨a Grammatical information: prep. Proto-Slavic meaning: `because of'
    Page in Trubačev: IV 234-235
    Old Church Slavic:
    děl̨a `because of' [postp];
    děl̨ьma `because of' [postp]
    Russian:
    dlja `for' [prep]
    Ukrainian:
    diljá (dial.) `for, because of, therefore' [prep]
    Old Czech:
    dle `because of' [prep]
    Polish:
    dla `for' [prep]
    Old Polish:
    dziela (Bogurodzica) `for' [prep]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    dijel (arch.) `because of' [prep]
    Slovene:
    dẹ̀lj `because of' [prep]
    Lithuanian:
    dė̃l `because of' [prep]
    Latvian:
    dēl̨ `because of' [prep]
    Page in Pokorny: 235
    Other cognates:
    This etymon cannot be separated from -> *dě̀lo, cf. Lat. causā `because of'. The form *děl̨a seems to be a petrified Isg., whilel *dělьma is an Idu. The presence of an element *-j- is unexpected.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > děl̨a

  • 3 děl̨ьma

    děl̨a; děl̨ьma; děl̨a; dьl̨a Grammatical information: prep. Proto-Slavic meaning: `because of'
    Page in Trubačev: IV 234-235
    Old Church Slavic:
    děl̨a `because of' [postp];
    děl̨ьma `because of' [postp]
    Russian:
    dlja `for' [prep]
    Ukrainian:
    diljá (dial.) `for, because of, therefore' [prep]
    Old Czech:
    dle `because of' [prep]
    Polish:
    dla `for' [prep]
    Old Polish:
    dziela (Bogurodzica) `for' [prep]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    dijel (arch.) `because of' [prep]
    Slovene:
    dẹ̀lj `because of' [prep]
    Lithuanian:
    dė̃l `because of' [prep]
    Latvian:
    dēl̨ `because of' [prep]
    Page in Pokorny: 235
    Other cognates:
    This etymon cannot be separated from -> *dě̀lo, cf. Lat. causā `because of'. The form *děl̨a seems to be a petrified Isg., whilel *dělьma is an Idu. The presence of an element *-j- is unexpected.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > děl̨ьma

  • 4 děl̨a

    děl̨a; děl̨ьma; děl̨a; dьl̨a Grammatical information: prep. Proto-Slavic meaning: `because of'
    Page in Trubačev: IV 234-235
    Old Church Slavic:
    děl̨a `because of' [postp];
    děl̨ьma `because of' [postp]
    Russian:
    dlja `for' [prep]
    Ukrainian:
    diljá (dial.) `for, because of, therefore' [prep]
    Old Czech:
    dle `because of' [prep]
    Polish:
    dla `for' [prep]
    Old Polish:
    dziela (Bogurodzica) `for' [prep]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    dijel (arch.) `because of' [prep]
    Slovene:
    dẹ̀lj `because of' [prep]
    Lithuanian:
    dė̃l `because of' [prep]
    Latvian:
    dēl̨ `because of' [prep]
    Page in Pokorny: 235
    Other cognates:
    This etymon cannot be separated from -> *dě̀lo, cf. Lat. causā `because of'. The form *děl̨a seems to be a petrified Isg., whilel *dělьma is an Idu. The presence of an element *-j- is unexpected.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > děl̨a

  • 5 dьl̨a

    děl̨a; děl̨ьma; děl̨a; dьl̨a Grammatical information: prep. Proto-Slavic meaning: `because of'
    Page in Trubačev: IV 234-235
    Old Church Slavic:
    děl̨a `because of' [postp];
    děl̨ьma `because of' [postp]
    Russian:
    dlja `for' [prep]
    Ukrainian:
    diljá (dial.) `for, because of, therefore' [prep]
    Old Czech:
    dle `because of' [prep]
    Polish:
    dla `for' [prep]
    Old Polish:
    dziela (Bogurodzica) `for' [prep]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    dijel (arch.) `because of' [prep]
    Slovene:
    dẹ̀lj `because of' [prep]
    Lithuanian:
    dė̃l `because of' [prep]
    Latvian:
    dēl̨ `because of' [prep]
    Page in Pokorny: 235
    Other cognates:
    This etymon cannot be separated from -> *dě̀lo, cf. Lat. causā `because of'. The form *děl̨a seems to be a petrified Isg., whilel *dělьma is an Idu. The presence of an element *-j- is unexpected.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > dьl̨a

  • 6 drebà

    drobà II; drobìna II; drebà Grammatical information: f. ā Proto-Slavic meaning: `sediment, brewer's yeast, dregs, entrails'
    Page in Trubačev: V 105, 117, 118-119
    Russian:
    drobá (dial.) `sediment, brewer's yeast, dregs' [f ā];
    drobína (dial.) `sediment, brewer's yeast, dregs' [f ā];
    drebá (dial.) `sediment, brewer's yeast, dregs' [f ā]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    dróba (RSA) `entrails' [f ā];
    dròbina (Vuk) `entrails, tripe' [f ā]
    Lithuanian:
    drabnà (dial.) `sleet, dough, mud' [f ā] 4
    Latvian:
    drabenes `sediment of malt after brewing process' [f ē]
    Comments: Unlike the ESSJa, I have separated *drobà II `sediment, dregs, entrails' from *drobà I `crumb, small fry, small livestock', etc. It can be argued that the meanings `dregs' and `crumbs' may be covered by the designation `remnants', but for the root of drobà I the notion `small, fine' seems essential, while drobà II is about thick, weak masses. We may reconstruct a European root * dʰrabʰ-.
    Other cognates:
    OIc. draf `lees, yeast' [n];
    Nw. drav `sediment of malt after brewing process' [n];
    OHG trebir `pig's swill' [Nompm];
    MoDu. draf `pig's swill'
    ;
    MoIr. draoib `mud, mire' [f]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > drebà

  • 7 majati

    majati; mavati Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `wave, beckon'
    Page in Trubačev: XVII 133-135, XVIII 21-22
    Old Church Slavic:
    namaiaaxǫ (Supr.) `beckoned' [3pl ipf]
    Church Slavic:
    pomavati (RuCS) `give a signal with one's hand or head' [verb]
    Russian:
    májat' `exhaust, harass' [verb];
    mavat' (dial.) `wave' [verb]
    Old Russian:
    majati `beckon, agitate, vibrate' [verb];
    pomavati `give a signal with one's hand or head' [verb]
    Czech:
    mávati `wave' [verb]
    Slovak:
    mávat' `wave' [verb]
    Lower Sorbian:
    mawaś `wave, rock' [verb]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    mȁjati `beckon, keep, detain' [verb]
    Slovene:
    májati `move about, shake' [verb], májam [1sg], májem [1sg]
    Bulgarian:
    mája `dawdle, detain' [verb]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: maH-
    Lithuanian:
    móti `beckon' [verb]
    Latvian:
    mãt `beckon' [verb]
    Indo-European reconstruction: meh₂-
    IE meaning: beckon
    Page in Pokorny: 693
    Comments: It is clear that *majati and *mavati continue one and the same verb, j and v being "Hiatustilger". While majati `to beckon' cannot be separated from Lith. móti, Latv. mãt `id.', majati `to detain, to tire, to exhaust' has been linked to Germanic forms like OHG muoan and Go. afmauiʮs (cf. Stang 1972: 35). The respective roots in Pokorny are mā- (693) and mō- (746). If we assume that *majati indeed continues *meh₂- as well as *meh₃- (LIV: 382), we have to settle for semantic arguments. Since it is also possible to argue on semantic grounds that *majati ultimately continues *meh₂- `to beckon' only (Trubačëv XVII 134), it is to a certain extent a matter of choice which solution one prefers.
    Other cognates:
    Go. afmauiʮs `tired' [ppp];
    OHG muoan `alarm, worry' [verb]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > majati

  • 8 mavati

    majati; mavati Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `wave, beckon'
    Page in Trubačev: XVII 133-135, XVIII 21-22
    Old Church Slavic:
    namaiaaxǫ (Supr.) `beckoned' [3pl ipf]
    Church Slavic:
    pomavati (RuCS) `give a signal with one's hand or head' [verb]
    Russian:
    májat' `exhaust, harass' [verb];
    mavat' (dial.) `wave' [verb]
    Old Russian:
    majati `beckon, agitate, vibrate' [verb];
    pomavati `give a signal with one's hand or head' [verb]
    Czech:
    mávati `wave' [verb]
    Slovak:
    mávat' `wave' [verb]
    Lower Sorbian:
    mawaś `wave, rock' [verb]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    mȁjati `beckon, keep, detain' [verb]
    Slovene:
    májati `move about, shake' [verb], májam [1sg], májem [1sg]
    Bulgarian:
    mája `dawdle, detain' [verb]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: maH-
    Lithuanian:
    móti `beckon' [verb]
    Latvian:
    mãt `beckon' [verb]
    Indo-European reconstruction: meh₂-
    IE meaning: beckon
    Page in Pokorny: 693
    Comments: It is clear that *majati and *mavati continue one and the same verb, j and v being "Hiatustilger". While majati `to beckon' cannot be separated from Lith. móti, Latv. mãt `id.', majati `to detain, to tire, to exhaust' has been linked to Germanic forms like OHG muoan and Go. afmauiʮs (cf. Stang 1972: 35). The respective roots in Pokorny are mā- (693) and mō- (746). If we assume that *majati indeed continues *meh₂- as well as *meh₃- (LIV: 382), we have to settle for semantic arguments. Since it is also possible to argue on semantic grounds that *majati ultimately continues *meh₂- `to beckon' only (Trubačëv XVII 134), it is to a certain extent a matter of choice which solution one prefers.
    Other cognates:
    Go. afmauiʮs `tired' [ppp];
    OHG muoan `alarm, worry' [verb]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > mavati

  • 9 vaditi

    vaditi Grammatical information: v.
    Old Church Slavic:
    vaditi (Zogr., Mar., Supr.) `accuse' [verb], važdǫ [1sg], vadiši [2sg]
    Russian:
    vádit' (arch., dial.) `slander, lure, spend time, deceive' [verb];
    vádit' (Novg.) `lure, spend time, deceive' [verb]
    Czech:
    vaditi `hamper, (v. se ) quarrel' [verb]
    Slovak:
    vadit' `hamper' [verb]
    Polish:
    wadzić (obs.) `annoy, hamper' [verb]
    Kashubian:
    vȧ̃ʒĭc `hamper' [verb]
    Slovene:
    váditi `report (someone), charge, (v. se ) quarrel' [verb], vȃdim [1sg]
    Lithuanian:
    vadìnti `call' [verb]
    Comments: If we derive * vaditi from * h₂uedh₂ (cf. Skt. vadi `speak, talk'), the *a can be attributed to Winter's law. This would rule out a connection with Lith. vadìnti `call', which is best derived from * uedʰ- `lead', cf. Latv. vadinât `lead, accompany, urge, lure', vedinât `urge, lure' (cf. Trautmann 1923a: 337, Būga RR II: 642). It seems to me that Ru. dial. vádit' (Novg.) `lure, spend (time), deceive' cannot be separated from vodít' `lead' (Baltic influence?) and therefore does not belong to our etymon * vaditi.
    Other cognates:
    Skt. vádati `speak, talk' [verb];
    Hitt. u̯ātarnahh- [verb]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > vaditi

См. также в других словарях:

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  • separated — sep·a·rat·ed / se pə ˌrā təd/ adj: being in a state of estrangement between spouses usu. requiring the maintenance of separate residences and the intent to live apart permanently: being in a state of separation has been separated for a year… …   Law dictionary

  • separated — separated; un·separated; …   English syllables

  • separated — [[t]se̱pəreɪtɪd[/t]] 1) ADJ: v link ADJ, oft ADJ from n Someone who is separated from their wife or husband lives apart from them, but is not divorced. Most single parents are either divorced or separated... Tristan had been separated from his… …   English dictionary

  • separated — adjective 1. being or feeling set or kept apart from others (Freq. 5) she felt detached from the group could not remain the isolated figure he had been Sherwood Anderson thought of herself as alone and separated from the others had a set apart… …   Useful english dictionary

  • Separated — Separate Sep a*rate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Separated}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Separating}.] [L. separatus, p. p. of separare to separate; pfref. se aside + parare to make ready, prepare. See {Parade}, and cf. {Sever}.] 1. To disunite; to divide; to… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • separated — Synonyms and related words: alien, alienated, alone, aloof, apart, assorted, asunder, at a distance, at odds, at variance, away, companionless, contrary, contrasted, contrasting, cordoned, cordoned off, departing, detached, deviating, deviative,… …   Moby Thesaurus

  • separated — sep|a|rat|ed [ˈsepəreıtıd] adj not living with your husband, wife, or sexual partner any more →↑divorced ▪ We ve been separated for six months …   Dictionary of contemporary English

  • separated — sep|a|rat|ed [ sepə,reıtəd ] adjective no longer living with your husband, wife, or sexual partner: They ve been separated for years …   Usage of the words and phrases in modern English

  • separated — adjective not living with your husband, wife or sexual partner any more: David and I have been separated for six months but we re not divorced yet …   Longman dictionary of contemporary English

  • separated — UK [ˈsepəˌreɪtɪd] / US [ˈsepəˌreɪtəd] adjective no longer living with your husband, wife, or sexual partner They ve been separated for years …   English dictionary

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