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recognized+by+the+law

  • 61 zugelassen

    zugelassen adj 1. BANK eligible; 2. COMP approved; 3. FIN licensed; 4. RECHT admitted (to the bar); authorized
    * * *
    adj 1. < Bank> eligible; 2. < Comp> approved; 3. < Finanz> licensed
    * * *
    zugelassen
    admitted, licensed, authorized, recognized, permitted, (Bank) located, (Flugzeug) airworthy, (qualifiziert) qualified;
    • amtlich zugelassen certified, certificated, accredited;
    • an der Börse zugelassen admitted to (quoted on, listed at, US) the stock exchange;
    • gesetzlich zugelassen permitted by law;
    • als Kassenarzt (zu allen Kassen) zugelassen on the panel;
    • nicht zugelassen unadmitted, unlicensed, unauthorized, unallowed, (Aktie) not quoted, unlisted (US);
    • zugelassen gemäß... approved in compliance with...;
    • als Anwalt zugelassen sein to be admitted as attorney (US) (solicitor, Br., to the bar);
    • zur Wahl zugelassen sein to be qualified to vote;
    • als Bürge zugelassen werden to be admitted as bail;
    • zugelassener Beweis admissible evidence;
    • zugelassene Gesellschaft chartered (Br.) (registered) company;
    • zugelassenes Gewerbe lawful trade;
    • amtlich zugelassener Makler certified (inside, Br.) broker;
    • zugelassener Patentanwalt chartered patent agent (Br.), patent attorney (US);
    • zugelassenes Unternehmen licensed undertaking;
    • zugelassener Verkaufsvertreter licensed dealer;
    • zugelassene Versicherungsgesellschaft admitted company;
    • zugelassener Vertreter recognized agent;
    • zugelassener Wähler qualified elector (voter);
    • zugelassener Wirtschaftsprüfer chartered accountant (Br.), certified [public] accountant (US).

    Business german-english dictionary > zugelassen

  • 62 международный экономический закон

    1. international economic law

     

    международный экономический закон
    —
    [ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]

    EN

    international economic law
    The recognized rules guiding the commercial relations of at least two sovereign states or private parties involved in cross-border transactions, including regulations for trade, finance and intellectual property. (Source: IEL)
    [http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]

    Тематики

    EN

    DE

    FR

    Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > международный экономический закон

  • 63 З-45

    БЙТЬСЯ/ПОБЙТЬСЯ ОБ ЗАКЛАД VP, subj: human
    1. - (скем). Also: УДАРИТЬСЯ ОБ ЗАКЛАД obs to stake sth. on the outcome of an uncertain issue, event etc, usu. in return for a similar pledge by another
    X побился об заклад (с Y-ом) — X bet (wagered) Y (five rubles etc)
    X bet on it X laid (made, placed) a bet (a wager) on it.
    Прежде всего пошли они обсматривать конюшню, где видели... гнедого жеребца, на вид и неказистого, но за которого Ноздрев божился, что заплатил десять тысяч. «Десяти тысяч ты за него не дал, - заметил зять. - Он и одной не стоит»... - «Ну, хочешь, побьемся об заклад!» - сказал Ноздрев. Об заклад зять не хотел биться (Гоголь 3). First they went to the stables: there they found., a bay stallion, not much to look at, but for which, so he swore, Nozdrev had paid ten thousand rubles. "You didnt pay ten thousand for him," his brother-in-law said. "He's not even worth one thousand''...."Would you like to bet on it?" But his brother-in-law didn't wish to bet (3e).
    2. coll (pres 1st pers sing бьюсь... only) I assure you, I am ready to swear (that what I am stating is true, that my prediction, guess is correct etc): I (I'll) bet (you)
    I (ГН) bet you anything I'm ready to bet.
    "...Я бьюсь об заклад, что нынче он узнал Бэлу» (Лермонтов 1). "..I'll bet you anything that he recognized Bela today" (1a).
    «Дворца не обещаю, - уверенно добавил Левушкин, - но что (дом) сто лет простоит - об заклад бьюсь» (Максимов 3). "I can't promise a palace," added Lyovushkin, "but I'm ready to bet it'll (the house will) stand a hundred years" (3a)

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > З-45

  • 64 биться об заклад

    • БИТЬСЯ/ПОБИТЬСЯ ОБ ЗАКЛАД
    [VP, subj: human]
    =====
    1. биться об заклад (с кем). Also: УДАРИТЬСЯ ОБ ЗАКЛАД obs to stake sth. on the outcome of an uncertain issue, event etc, usu. in return for a similar pledge by another:
    - X побился об заклад (с Y-ом) - X bet (wagered) Y (five rubles etc);
    - X laid (made, placed) a bet (a wager) on it.
         ♦ Прежде всего пошли они обсматривать конюшню, где видели... гнедого жеребца, на вид и неказистого, но за которого Ноздрев божился, что заплатил десять тысяч. "Десяти тысяч ты за него не дал, - заметил зять. - Он и одной не стоит"... - "Ну, хочешь, побьемся об заклад!" - сказал Ноздрев. ОО заклад зять не хотел биться (Гоголь 3). First they went to the stables: there they found., a bay stallion, not much to look at, but for which, so he swore, Nozdrev had paid ten thousand rubles. "You didn t pay ten thousand for him," his brother-in-law said. "He's not even worth one thousand"...."Would you like to bet on it?" But his brother-in-law didn't wish to bet (3e).
    2. coll [pres 1st pers sing бьюсь... only]
    ⇒ I assure you, I am ready to swear (that what I am stating is true, that my prediction, guess is correct etc):
    - I'm ready to bet.
         ♦ "...Я бьюсь об заклад, что нынче он узнал Бэлу" (Лермонтов 1)...I'll bet you anything that he recognized Bela today" (1a).
         ♦ "Дворца не обещаю, - уверенно добавил Левушкин, - но что [ дом] сто лет простоит - об заклад бьюсь" (Максимов 3). "I can't promise a palace," added Lyovushkin, "but I'm ready to bet it'll [the house will] stand a hundred years" (3a)

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > биться об заклад

  • 65 побиться об заклад

    • БИТЬСЯ/ПОБИТЬСЯ ОБ ЗАКЛАД
    [VP, subj: human]
    =====
    1. побиться об заклад (с кем). Also: УДАРИТЬСЯ ОБ ЗАКЛАД obs to stake sth. on the outcome of an uncertain issue, event etc, usu. in return for a similar pledge by another:
    - X побился об заклад (с Y-ом) - X bet (wagered) Y (five rubles etc);
    - X laid (made, placed) a bet (a wager) on it.
         ♦ Прежде всего пошли они обсматривать конюшню, где видели... гнедого жеребца, на вид и неказистого, но за которого Ноздрев божился, что заплатил десять тысяч. "Десяти тысяч ты за него не дал, - заметил зять. - Он и одной не стоит"... - "Ну, хочешь, побьемся об заклад!" - сказал Ноздрев. ОО заклад зять не хотел биться (Гоголь 3). First they went to the stables: there they found., a bay stallion, not much to look at, but for which, so he swore, Nozdrev had paid ten thousand rubles. "You didn t pay ten thousand for him," his brother-in-law said. "He's not even worth one thousand"...."Would you like to bet on it?" But his brother-in-law didn't wish to bet (3e).
    2. coll [pres 1st pers sing бьюсь... only]
    ⇒ I assure you, I am ready to swear (that what I am stating is true, that my prediction, guess is correct etc):
    - I'm ready to bet.
         ♦ "...Я бьюсь об заклад, что нынче он узнал Бэлу" (Лермонтов 1)...I'll bet you anything that he recognized Bela today" (1a).
         ♦ "Дворца не обещаю, - уверенно добавил Левушкин, - но что [ дом] сто лет простоит - об заклад бьюсь" (Максимов 3). "I can't promise a palace," added Lyovushkin, "but I'm ready to bet it'll [the house will] stand a hundred years" (3a)

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > побиться об заклад

  • 66 удариться об заклад

    • БИТЬСЯ/ПОБИТЬСЯ ОБ ЗАКЛАД
    [VP, subj: human]
    =====
    1. удариться об заклад (с кем). Also: УДАРИТЬСЯ ОБ ЗАКЛАД obs to stake sth. on the outcome of an uncertain issue, event etc, usu. in return for a similar pledge by another:
    - X побился об заклад (с Y-ом) - X bet (wagered) Y (five rubles etc);
    - X laid (made, placed) a bet (a wager) on it.
         ♦ Прежде всего пошли они обсматривать конюшню, где видели... гнедого жеребца, на вид и неказистого, но за которого Ноздрев божился, что заплатил десять тысяч. "Десяти тысяч ты за него не дал, - заметил зять. - Он и одной не стоит"... - "Ну, хочешь, побьемся об заклад!" - сказал Ноздрев. ОО заклад зять не хотел биться (Гоголь 3). First they went to the stables: there they found., a bay stallion, not much to look at, but for which, so he swore, Nozdrev had paid ten thousand rubles. "You didn t pay ten thousand for him," his brother-in-law said. "He's not even worth one thousand"...."Would you like to bet on it?" But his brother-in-law didn't wish to bet (3e).
    2. coll [pres 1st pers sing бьюсь... only]
    ⇒ I assure you, I am ready to swear (that what I am stating is true, that my prediction, guess is correct etc):
    - I'm ready to bet.
         ♦ "...Я бьюсь об заклад, что нынче он узнал Бэлу" (Лермонтов 1)...I'll bet you anything that he recognized Bela today" (1a).
         ♦ "Дворца не обещаю, - уверенно добавил Левушкин, - но что [ дом] сто лет простоит - об заклад бьюсь" (Максимов 3). "I can't promise a palace," added Lyovushkin, "but I'm ready to bet it'll [the house will] stand a hundred years" (3a)

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > удариться об заклад

  • 67 सह _saha

    1
    सह a. [सहते सह्-अच्]
    1 Bearing, enduring, suffering.
    -2 Patient.
    -3 Able; see असह; चरतस्तपस्तव वनेषु सहा न वयं निरूपयितुमस्य गतिम् Ki.6.36.
    -4 Overpowering, vanquishing.
    -5 Defying, equal to.
    -6 Exerting.
    -हः 1 The month मार्गशीर्ष.
    -2 N. of Śiva.
    -हः, -हम् Power, strength.
    -हम् A kind of salt; L. D. B.
    2
    सह ind.
    1 With, together with, along with, accom- panied by (with instr.); शशिना सह याति कौमुदी सह मेघेन तडित् प्रलीयते Ku.4.33.
    -2 Together, simultaneously, at the same time; अस्तोदयौ सहैवासौ कुरुते नृपतिर्द्विषाम् Subhāṣ. (The following senses are given of this word:-- साकल्य, सादृश्य, यौगपद्य, विद्यमानत्व, समृद्धि, संबन्ध and सामर्थ्य.)
    -Comp. -अध्ययनम् 1 studying together; U.2.
    -2 fellow- studentship.
    -अध्यायिन् m. a fellow-student.
    -अपवाद a. disagreeing.
    -अर्थ a.
    1 having the same object.
    -2 sy- nonymous. (
    -र्थः) the same or common object.
    -अर्ध a. together with a half.
    -आलापः conversation with.
    -आसनम् sitting on the same seat.
    -आसिका company, sitting together; समुद्रः सहासिकां यां सुमतिः प्रतीच्छति Rām. ch.2.85.
    -उक्तिः f. a figure of speech in Rhetoric; सा सहोक्तिः सहार्थस्य बलादेकं द्विवाचकम् K. P.1; e.g. पपात भूमौ सह सैनिकाश्रुभिः R.3.61.
    -उटजः a hut made of leaves.
    -उत्थायिन् a. rising or conspiring together.
    -उदरः a uterine brother, brother of whole blood; जनन्यां संस्थितायां तु समं सर्वे सहोदराः Ms.9.92; सहोदरा कुङ्कुमकेसराणां भवन्ति नूनं कविताविलासाः Vikr.1.21.
    -उपमा a kind of Upamā.
    -ऊढः, -ऊढजः the son of a woman pregnant at marriage; (one of the 12 kinds of sons recognized in old Hindu law); या गर्भिणी संस्क्रियते ज्ञाताज्ञातापि वा सती । वोढुः स गर्भो भवति सहोढ इति चोच्यते ॥ Ms.9.173.
    -एकासनम् see सहासनम् Y.2.284.
    -कर्तृ m. a co-worker, assistant; तस्य कर्मानुरूपेण देर्यो$शः सहकर्तृभिः Ms.8.26.
    -कारः 1 co-operation.
    -2 a mango tree; क इदानीं सहकारमन्तरेण पल्लवितामतिमुक्तलतां सहेत Ś.3. ˚भञ्जिका a kind of game.
    - कारिन्, -कृत्, -कृत्वन् a. co-operating. (-m.) a co- adjutor, associate, colleague.
    -कृत a. co-operated with, assisted or aided by.
    -क्रिया simultaneous performance; स हि न्यायः संभूयकारिणां सहक्रियेति सर्वत्रैव ŚB. on MS.11.1. 57.
    -खट्वासनम् sitting together on a bed; Ms.8.357; see सहैकासनम्.
    -गमनम् 1 accompanying.
    -2 a woman's burning herself with her deceased husband's body, self-immolation of a widow.
    -चर a. accompanying, going or living with; यानि प्रियासहचरश्चिरमध्यवात्सम् U.3.8.
    (-रः) 1 a companion, friend, associate; श्मशानेष्वाक्रीडा स्मरहर पिशाचाः सहचराः Śiva-mahimna 24.
    -2 a follower, ser- vant.
    -3 a husband.
    -4 a surety. (
    -री f.)
    1 a famale companion.
    -2 a wife, mate; प्रेक्ष्य स्थितां सहचरीं व्यवधाय देहम् R.9.57.
    -चरित a.
    1 accompanying, attending, associating with.
    -2 Congruent, homogeneous,
    -चारः 1 accompaniment.
    -2 agreement, harmony.
    -3 (in logic) the invariable accompaniment of the hetu (middle term) by the sādhya (major term).
    -4 right course (opp. व्यभिचार).
    -चारिन् see सहचर.
    -ज a.
    1 inborn, natural, innate; सहजं कर्म कौन्तेय सदोषमपि न त्यजेत् Bg.18. 48; सहजामप्यपहाय धीरताम् R.8.43.
    -2 hereditary; सहजं किल यद्विनिन्दितं न खलु तत्कर्म विवर्जनीयम् Ś.6.1.
    (-जः) 1 a brother of whole blood; तृतीयो मे नप्ता रजनिचरनाथस्य सहजः Mv.4.7.
    -2 the natural state or disposition. ˚अरिः a natural enemy. ˚उदासीनः a born neutral. ˚मित्रम् a natural friend.
    -जात a.
    1 natural; see सहज.
    -2 born together, twin-born.
    -जित् a. victorious at once; स्वर्णेता सहजिद् बभ्रुरिति राजाभिधीयते Mb.3.185.28.
    -दार a.
    1 with a wife.
    -2 married.
    -देवः N. of the youngest of the five Pāṇḍavas; the twin brother of Nakula, born of Mādrī by the gods Aśvins. He is regarded as the type of manly beauty.
    -धर्मः same duties. ˚चारिन् m. a husband. ˚चारिणी
    1 a lawful wife, one legally married (also सहधर्मिणी in this sense).
    -2 a fellow-worker.
    -पथिन् m.,
    -पन्थाः m., f. a fellow-traveller.
    -पांशुक्रीडिन, पांशुकिल m a friend from the earliest childhood.
    -भावः 1 companionship.
    -2 concomitance.
    -भाविन् m. a friend, partisan, follower.
    -भू a. natural, innate; औत्सुक्येन कृतत्वरा सहभुवा व्यावर्तमाना ह्रिया Ratn.1.2.
    -भोजनम् eating in company with friends.
    -मनस् a. with intelligence.
    -मरणम् see सह- गमन.
    -मृता a woman who has burnt herself with her husband.
    -युध्वन् m. a brother in arms.
    -रक्षस् m. one of the three kinds of sacrificial fires.
    -वसतिः, -वासः dwelling together; सहवसतिमुपेत्य यैः प्रियायाः कृत इव मुग्धविलोकितोपदेशः Ś.2.3.
    -वासिन् m. a fellow-lodger.
    -वीर्यम् fresh butter.
    -संसर्गः carnal contact.
    -सेविन् a. having intercource with.
    -स्थः a companion.

    Sanskrit-English dictionary > सह _saha

  • 68 वृद्धि


    vṛiddhi
    1) f. cutting off, abscission W. ;

    (in law) forfeiture, deduction ib. ;
    2) f. growth, increase, augmentation, rise, advancement, extension, welfare, prosperity, success, fortune, happiness RV. etc. etc.;
    rising, rise ( arghasya, « of price») Var. ;
    prosperity, increasing welfare, rising in rank orﾠ reputation ib. Rājat. ;
    elevation (of ground) VarBṛS. ;
    prolongation (of life) Pañcat. ;
    swelling (of the body) Suṡr. ;
    enlargement of the scrotum (either from swelled testicle orﾠ hydrocele) ib. ;
    swelling orﾠ rising (of the sea orﾠ of the waters), waxing (of the moon) MBh. ;
    gain, profit R. Subh. ;
    profit from lending money etc., usury, interest Mn. Yājñ. MBh. ;
    (the various kinds of interest recognized by Hindū lawyers are,
    1. kāyikāvṛiddhi, « body-interest» i.e. either the advantage arising from the body of an animal pledged as security for a loan, orﾠ interest paid repeatedly without reducing the body orﾠ principal;
    2. kālikāv-, « timeinterest» i.e. payable weekly, monthly, annually, etc., but most usually computed by the month;
    3. cakrav-, « wheel-interest» i.e. interest upon interest, compound interest;
    4. kāritāv-, « stipulated interest», at a rate higher than the usual legal rate;
    5. ṡikhā-v-, « interest growing like a lock of hair» i.e. at a usurious rate payable daily;
    6. bhoga-lābha, « advantage < accruing to a creditor> from the use» of objects handed over to him as security e.g.. of lands, gardens, animals, etc.:
    « lawful interest» is called dharma-v-, « usurious interest» a-nyāya-v-, « interest at the highest legal rate» parama-v-) IW. 264 ;
    the second modification orﾠ increase of vowels (to which they are subject under certain conditions e.g.. ā is the Vṛiddhi of the vowel a;
    ai of i, ī, andﾠ e;
    au of u, ū, andﾠ o;
    cf. 2. vṛiddha andﾠ kṛita-vṛiddhi) VPrāt. Pāṇ. Rājat. Sarvad. ;
    one of the 8 principal drugs (described as mild, cooling etc.;
    andﾠ a remedy for phlegm. leprosy, andﾠ worms) Suṡr. Bhpr. ;
    N. of the 11th of the astrological Yogas. ( orﾠ the Yoga star of the 11th lunar mansion) L. ;
    = vṛiddhi-ṡrāddha GṛS. ;
    m. (with bhaṭṭa) N. of a poet Cat.

    Sanskrit-English dictionary > वृद्धि

  • 69 wrangler

    ( caballerango [kaßajeráŋgo] < caballo 'horse' < Latin caballum 'pack horse, nag' plus - ero, an agentive suffix, plus - ango, a despec-tive suffix)
        OED: 1888. The hand on a ranch or trail drive who cares for the herd of horses. This position was usually held by a young or inexperienced cowboy. This term appears in English as early as the sixteenth century, but with the very different meaning of 'disputant,' such as for the throne. The OED suggests that the term used in the West is a combination of the English term wrangler and the Spanish caballerango. It is also quite likely that the western term evolved without the influence of the original English term, which cowboys were probably not familiar with. Rather, it is possible that early cowboys heard caballerango and recognized the caballo element. Early variants, caballo rango or even horse rango, would have eventually been shortened to wrango and then wrangler. It is likely that the eventual spelling was influenced by the existing English word. The Royal Academy glosses caballerango as a Mexicanism for a servant on horseback. Santamaría gives a definition more similar to the western meaning. He defines it as the servant who, on a ranch or personal estate, keeps and saddles the horses.
        Alternate forms: caverango, horse-wrangler, wangler, wrangatang, wrango.
        Also called horse pestler, horse rustler, remudero.
       The hand that cares for the remuda, or herd of horses, by day.
       The wrangler who works the early morning shift.
       A cowboy who cares for horses, leads rides for guests, and perform other chores on a dude ranch.
       A boy employed for chores on a ranch.
       According to Adams, a common term for a lawyer.

    Vocabulario Vaquero > wrangler

  • 70 Porter, Charles Talbot

    [br]
    b. 18 January 1826 Auburn, New York, USA
    d. 1910 USA
    [br]
    American inventor of a stone dressing machine, an improved centrifugal governor and a high-speed steam engine.
    [br]
    Porter graduated from Hamilton College, New York, in 1845, read law in his father's office, and in the autumn of 1847 was admitted to the Bar. He practised for six or seven years in Rochester, New York, and then in New York City. He was drawn into engineering when aged about 30, first through a client who claimed to have invented a revolutionary type of engine and offered Porter the rights to it as payment of a debt. Having lent more money, Porter saw neither the man nor the engine again. Porter followed this with a similar experience over a patent for a stone dressing machine, except this time the machine was built. It proved to be a failure, but Porter set about redesigning it and found that it was vastly improved when it ran faster. His improved machine went into production. It was while trying to get the steam engine that drove the stone dressing machine to run more smoothly that he made a discovery that formed the basis for his subsequent work.
    Porter took the ordinary Watt centrifugal governor and increased the speed by a factor of about ten; although he had to reduce the size of the weights, he gained a motion that was powerful. To make the device sufficiently responsive at the right speed, he balanced the centrifugal forces by a counterweight. This prevented the weights flying outwards until the optimum speed was reached, so that the steam valves remained fully open until that point and then the weights reacted more quickly to variations in speed. He took out a patent in 1858, and its importance was quickly recognized. At first he manufactured and sold the governors himself in a specially equipped factory, because this was the only way he felt he could get sufficient accuracy to ensure a perfect action. For marine use, the counterweight was replaced by a spring.
    Higher speed had brought the advantage of smoother running and so he thought that the same principles could be applied to the steam engine itself, but it was to take extensive design modifications over several years before his vision was realized. In the winter of 1860–1, J.F. Allen met Porter and sketched out his idea of a new type of steam inlet valve. Porter saw the potential of this for his high-speed engine and Allen took out patents for it in 1862. The valves were driven by a new valve gear designed by Pius Fink. Porter decided to display his engine at the International Exhibition in London in 1862, but it had to be assembled on site because the parts were finished in America only just in time to be shipped to meet the deadline. Running at 150 rpm, the engine caused a sensation, but as it was non-condensing there were few orders. Porter added condensing apparatus and, after the failure of Ormerod Grierson \& Co., entered into an agreement with Joseph Whitworth to build the engines. Four were exhibited at the 1867 Paris Exposition Universelle, but Whitworth and Porter fell out and in 1868 Porter returned to America.
    Porter established another factory to build his engine in America, but he ran into all sorts of difficulties, both mechanical and financial. Some engines were built, and serious production was started c. 1874, but again there were further problems and Porter had to leave his firm. High-speed engines based on his designs continued to be made until after 1907 by the Southwark Foundry and Machine Company, Philadelphia, so Porter's ideas were proved viable and led to many other high-speed designs.
    [br]
    Bibliography
    1908, Engineering Reminiscences, New York: J. Wiley \& Sons; reprinted 1985, Bradley, Ill.: Lindsay (autobiography; the main source of information about his life).
    Further Reading
    R.L.Hills, 1989, Power from Steam. A History of the Stationary Steam Engine, Cambridge University Press (examines his governor and steam engine).
    O.Mayr, 1974, "Yankee practice and engineering theory; Charles T.Porter and the dynamics of the high-speed engine", Technology and Culture 16 (4) (examines his governor and steam engine).
    RLH

    Biographical history of technology > Porter, Charles Talbot

  • 71 Stuart, James

    [br]
    b. 2 January 1843 Balgonie, Fife, Scotland
    d. 12 October 1913 Norwich, Norfolk, England
    [br]
    Scottish engineer and educator.
    [br]
    James Stuart established the teaching of engineering as a university discipline at Cambridge. He was born at Balgonie in Fife, where his father managed a linen mill. He attended the University of St Andrews and then studied mathematics at Cambridge University. In 1867 he took up a post as Assistant Tutor at Trinity College, Cambridge, where his skills as a teacher were quickly recognized. The University was at that time adapting itself to the new systems of instruction recommended by the Royal Commission on university reform in the 1850s, and Stuart took an active part in the organization of a new structure of inter-collegiate lecture courses. He made an even more significant contribution to the establishment of extramural courses from which the Cambridge University extension lecture programme developed. This began in 1867, when Stuart took adult classes in Manchester and Crewe. The latter, in particular, brought him into close contact with those involved in practical mechanics and stimulated his interest in the applied sciences. In 1875 he was elected to the newly created Chair of Mechanism and Engineering in Cambridge, and he set out energetically to recruit students and to build up a flourishing unit with its own workshop and foundry, training a new generation of engineers in the applied sciences.
    In November 1884 Stuart was elected to Parliament and embarked on an active but somewhat undistinguished career in politics as a radical Liberal, becoming amongst other things a keen supporter of the women's suffrage movement. This did not endear him to his academic colleagues, and the Engineering School suffered from neglect by Stuart until he resigned the Chair in 1890. By the time he left, however, the University was ready to recognize Engineering as a Tripos subject and to accept properly equipped teaching laboratories, so that his successor J.A. Ewing was able to benefit from Stuart's pioneering work. Stuart continued his political activities and was appointed a Privy Councillor in 1909. He married Elizabeth Colman after resigning the Chair, and on the death of his father-in-law in 1898 he moved to Norwich to take on the direction of the family mustard firm, J. \& J.Colman Ltd.
    [br]
    Further Reading
    Hilken, 1967, Engineering at Cambridge, Ch. 3, pp. 58–106.
    AB

    Biographical history of technology > Stuart, James

  • 72 utilité

    utilité [ytilite]
    feminine noun
    • reconnu or déclaré d'utilité publique state-approved
    * * *
    ytilite
    1) ( caractère utile) usefulness

    être d'une grande utilité — [livre, appareil] to be very useful; [personne] to be very helpful

    2) ( utilisation) use
    * * *
    ytilite nf
    1) (subjectif) (= qualité) usefulness
    2) (objectif) use

    Cet objet n'est pas d'une grande utilité. — This object isn't much use.

    * * *
    1 ( caractère utile) usefulness; utilité d'une loi/un appareil usefulness of a law/a device; être d'une grande utilité [livre, appareil] to be very useful; [personne] to be very helpful; n'être d'aucune utilité [livre, appareil] to be of no use; être de peu d'utilité [livre, appareil] to be of little use; ne pas voir l'utilité de qch/de faire not to see the point in sth/in doing;
    2 ( utilisation) use; je n'en ai pas l'utilité I have no use for it; une de ses utilités one of its uses.
    utilité publique Jur public benefit; reconnu or déclaré d'utilité publique directed to the public benefit ( après n).
    jouer les utilités Théât to play bit parts; gén to be a menial.
    [ytilite] nom féminin
    1. [caractère utile] use, usefulness
    ça ne t'est plus d'aucune utilité it's no longer of any use to you, you no longer need it
    la carte de la région m'a été de peu d'utilité/d'une grande utilité the map of the area was of little/great use to me
    en as-tu l'utilité? can you make use of it?, do you need it?
    ————————
    utilités nom féminin pluriel
    a. (sens propre) to play minor ou small parts

    Dictionnaire Français-Anglais > utilité

  • 73 ἀναγκαῖος

    ἀναγκ-αῖος, α, ον, in [dialect] Att. also ος, ον Th.1.2, Pl.R. 554a, etc.:
    A of, with, or by force:
    I [voice] Act., constraining, applying force, μῦθος ἀ. a word of force, Od.17.399; χρειὼ ἀ. urgent necessity, Il.8.57; ἦμαρ ἀ. day of constraint, i.e. life of slavery, 16.836; ἀ. τύχη a doom imposed by fate, or fateful chance, S.Aj. 485, cf. 803 (but, fatal chance, Id.El.48);

    πᾶν γὰρ ἀ. χρῆμ' ἀνιηρὸν ἔφυ Thgn.472

    , cf. 297, E.Or. 230; τῆς ἀρχῆς τῷ ἀ. παροξυνομένους by the compulsory nature of our rule, Th.5.99;

    δεσμὸς ἀ. Theoc.24.33

    ; ἐξ ἀναγκαίου under stress of circumstances, Th.7.60.
    II [voice] Pass., constrained, forced, twice in Od., πολεμισταὶ ἀ. soldiers perforce, Od.24.499; so δμῶες ἀ. ib. 210 (where however Eust. expl. it χρειώδεις trusty, serviceable, v. infr. 6).
    2 necessary (physically or morally), οὐκ ἀ. unnecessary (on its diff. senses in philosophy v. Arist.Metaph. 1015a20ff.), ἀ. [ἐστί] it is necessary to.., S.Ph. 1317, etc.; γίνεταί μοι ἀναγκαιότ ατον, c. inf., Hdt.3.65; ἀ. κακόν a necessary evil, Men.651, cf. Hybreasap.Str.14.2.24: also c. inf.,

    ἔνιαι τῶν ἀποκρίσεων ἀναγκαῖαι διὰ μακρῶν τοὺς λόγους ποιεῖσθαι Pl.Grg. 449b

    ;

    ὁδὸν ἀναγκαιοτάτην εἶναι τρέπεσθαι Sph. 242b

    ; [μαθήματα] ἀναγκαῖα προμεμαθηκέναι necessary for us to have learnt them before, Lg. 643c.
    3

    τὰ ἀ.

     necessaries of life,

    Antipho 4.1.2

    , Pl.Lg. 848a;

    τὰ ἀ. τοῦ βίου Isoc.4.40

    ;

    ἀ. τροφή Th.1.2

    .
    b

    τὰ ἀ.

     things necessary to be done,

    X.Mem.1.1.6

    ; τὰ ἐκ θεοῦ ἀ. the appointed order of things, HG 1.7.33;

    θεῶν ἀναγκαῖον τόδε E.Hec. 584

     codd.: τὸ ἀ., = ἀνάγκη, Arist. Ph. 200a31.
    4 indispensable, i. e. a bare minimum, freq. in [comp] Sup., τὸ ἀναγκαιότατον ὕψος the least height that was absolutely necessary, Th.1.90; ἡ ἀναγκαιοτάτη πόλις the least that could be called a city, Pl.R. 369d;

    ἐκ τεττάρων ἀναγκαιοτάτων συγκεῖσθαι πόλιν Arist.Pol. 1291a12

    ; αὐτὰ τἀναγκαιότατ' εἰπεῖν give a bare outline of the facts, D.18.126, cf. 168; ἡ ἀ. συγγένεια the most distant degree of kinship recognized by law, 44.26: less freq. in Posit.,

    οὐδὲ τἀναγκαῖα ἐξικέσθαι Th.1.70

    : hence, scanty, makeshift,

    παρασκευή 6.37

    .
    5 of persons, connected by necessary or natural ties, i. e. related by blood, Antipho 1.4, Pl.R. 574b;

    ἀ. δόμοις E.Alc. 533

    ;

    οἱ ἀ.

     kinsfolk,

    X.An.2.4.1

    ;

    ἀ. φίλοι E.Andr. 671

    ;

    συγγενεῖς καὶ ἀ. ἄνθρωποι D.19.290

    ;

    τοὺς συγγενεῖς αὐτοῦ καὶ ἀ. φίλους Act.Ap.10.24

    , cf. PFlor.2.142.2 (iii A. D.).
    6 Astrol., efficacious, Vett.Val.63.1 ([comp] Comp.): ἀ. γραμμή line of fate, Cat.Cod.Astr.7.238.
    7 costly,

    ὄξος POxy. 1870

     (v A. D.);

    ἐσθής Suid.

     s.v. βεστιάριον.
    III Adv. - ως of necessity, perforce, ἀ. ἔχει it must be so, Hdt.1.89, A.Ch. 239, S.Tr. 723, Pl. Phd. 91e, etc.;

    ἀ. ἔχει μοι ποιέειν ταῦτα Hdt.8.140

    .ά, al.; ἀ. φέρειν, opp. ἀνδρείως, Th.2.64; as best might be, Pl. Ti. 69d.
    2 γελοίως καὶ ἀ. λέγειν in a narrow sense (cf. 11.4, but prob. with play on 111.1), Id.R. 527a;

    πτωχῶς μέν, ἀλλ' ἀ. Babr.55.2

    :—[comp] Sup.

    ἀναγκαιότατα, λέγεις Pl.Phlb. 40c

    .
    3 strictly,

    κελεύειν OGI669.41

     (i A. D.).
    IV οἱ ἀ. τόποι privy parts, Vett.Val.113.9.
    V ἀναγκαῖον, τό, v. sub v.

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀναγκαῖος

  • 74 autoryte|t

    m (G autorytetu) 1. sgt (prestiż) authority, standing
    - cieszyć się autorytetem to have considerable standing
    - zdobyć autorytet to gain authority a. respect
    - podkopać a. podważyć czyjś autorytet to undermine sb’s authority
    - powoływać się na czyjś autorytet to cite a. quote sb as an authority
    2. (osoba, instytucja) authority
    - był autorytetem w dziedzinie prawa administracyjnego he was an authority in the field of administrative law
    - przestał być autorytetem dla otoczenia he lost all (his) standing a. authority with those around him
    - żaden z niego autorytet he’s no authority
    - upadek dotychczasowych autorytetów the collapse of previously recognized authorities
    - Pismo Święte nie może być autorytetem w dziedzinie nauk przyrodniczych the Bible cannot be regarded as authoritative in the study of natural science

    The New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > autoryte|t

  • 75 ἀτακτέω

    ἀτακτέω (s. ἄτακτος) 1 aor. ἠτάκτησα. Of such as are not at their appointed posts or do not conform to established law or custom, hence acting with self-interest and not for the common good (s. X., Cyr. 8, 1, 22; Demosth. 3, 11; Plut., Mor. 184f; IG IV2/1, 68, 83 [IV B.C.]; PEleph 2, 13 [III B.C.]; PCairZen 596, 18; BGU 1125, 8 [13 B.C.]; POxy 275, 24f [66 A.D.]; 725, 39f) to violate prescribed or recognized order, behave inappropriately in our lit. only 2 Th 3:7 οὐκ ἠτακτήσαμεν ἐν ὑμῖν we did not treat you in a free-wheeling manner (cp. our colloq. ‘be out of line’; opp. observance of ἡσυχία vs. 12: cp. Ps.-Sotades 7:8f [Coll. Alex. p. 241] ἀτακτεῖν w. ἡσυχία). As the subsequent clause οὐδὲ δωρεὰν ἄρτον ἐφάγομαν παρά τινος indicates, Paul conforms to societal proprieties and did not act as though he were entitled to free sustenance; to support his claim, he states that he ‘worked night and day so as not to be a burden to them’. Cp. 1 Cor 10:31–11:1 (for the Gr-Rom. perspective, s. Aristot. EN 4, 15–18). The trans. be idle, lazy does not take adequate account of Gr-Rom. social history, but s. comm.; Milligan, Thess. 152ff; CSpicq, Studia Theologica 10, ’56, 1–13.—New Docs 2, 104 no. 82. DELG s.v. τάσσω. M-M. Spicq.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > ἀτακτέω

  • 76 Appellation d'origine contrôlée (aoc)

      specific definition of a particular cheese, butter, fruit, wine, or poultry--once passed down from generation to generation now recognized by law--regulating the animal breed or variety of fruit, the zone of production, production techniques, composition of the product, its physical characteristics, and its specific attributes.

    Alimentation Glossaire français-anglais > Appellation d'origine contrôlée (aoc)

  • 77 Appellation d'origine contrôlée

        (AOC)
       specific definition of a particular cheese, butter, fruit, wine, or poultry--once passed down from generation to generation now recognized by law--regulating the animal breed or variety of fruit, the zone of production, production techniques, composition of the product, its physical characteristics, and its specific attributes.

    Italiano-Inglese Cucina internazionale > Appellation d'origine contrôlée

  • 78 тип претензии

    1. type of claim

     

    тип претензии
    —
    [ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]

    EN

    type of claim
    A class or category of interests or remedies recognized in law or equity that create in the holder a right to the interest or its proceeds, typically taking the form of money, property or privilege. (Source: BLD)
    [http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]

    Тематики

    EN

    DE

    FR

    Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > тип претензии

  • 79 авторитет

    1) authority; (влияние тж.) prestige

    завоевать авторитет — to gain / to win prestige / authority

    не признавать авторитет — to override / to renounce (smb.'s) authority

    решительно повысить авторитет ООН — to enhance resolutely the authority of the U. N.

    пользоваться авторитетом — to have authority (with), to have / to enjoy prestige (with / among)

    ссылаться на авторитет — to allege an authority, to invoke / to quote (smb.'s) authority

    Russian-english dctionary of diplomacy > авторитет

  • 80 государственная Церковь

    Religion: Established Church (A church recognized by law as the official church of a nation or state and supported by civil authority), Establishment

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > государственная Церковь

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