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101 neque

nĕ-que or nec (used indifferently before vowels and consonants. The notion that nec in class. prose stands only before consonants is wholly unfounded. Ap. Cic. in the Rep. alone we find nec nineteen times before vowels; viz.: nec accipere, 3, 13, 23: nec alios, 2, 37, 62: nec enim, 1, 24, 38; 6, 25, 27: nec esset, 5, 5, 7: nec ex se, 6, 24, 27:
nec id, 1, 1, 1: nec inportatis, 2, 15, 29: nec in, 6, 23, 25: nec inconstantiam, 3, 11, 18: nec injussu, 6, 15, 15: nec ipsius, 1, 26, 41: nec ipsum, 6, 24, 27: nec ulla, 1, 34, 51: nec ullo, 1, 37, 58: nec una, 2, 1, 2: nec hic, 3, 33, 45: nec hominis, 2, 21, 37: nec hunc, 6, 25, 29. Cf. also such passages as neque reliquarum virtutum, nec ipsius rei publicae,
Cic. Rep. 1, 26, 41:
dabo tibi testes nec nimis antiquos nec ullo modo barbaros,
id. ib. 1, 37, 58:
nec atrocius... neque apertius,
id. Tull. 1, 2:
nec homo occidi nec consulto, etc.,
id. ib. 14, 34. The true distinction is, that in the form nec the negation is more prominent; in the form neque, the connective force of the particle; cf. Hand, Turs. 4, p. 94 sq.), adv. and conj. [ne-que], not; and not, also not.
I.
Adv., like ne, in ante-class. Latinity (v. ne, I.) as a general negative particle, = non, not (usually in the form nec. In class. Lat. this usage seems to be confined to certain formulae, as nec opinans, nec procul abesse, nec mancipi, etc.; v. infra): nec conjunctionem grammatici fere dicunt esse disjunctivam, ut: nec legit, nec scribit: cum si diligentius inspiciatur, ut fecit Sinnius Capito, intellegi possit, eam positam esse ab antiquis pro non, ut et in XII. est: AST EI CVSTOS NEC ESCIT, Paul. ex Fest. p. 162 Müll.:
SI INTESTATO MORITVR, CVI SVVS HERES NEC SIT, etc., Lex XII. Tab. (v. App. III. tab. 5): SI AGNATVS NEC ESCIT, etc., ib.: magistratus nec obedientem civem coërceto,
Cic. Leg. 3, 3, 6:
senatori, qui nec aderit, culpa esto,
id. ib. 3, 4, 11:
bruti nec satis sardare queunt,
Naev. 1, 4; 1, 7:
tu dis nec recte dicis: non aequum facis,
Plaut. Bacch. 1, 2, 11:
nec recte,
id. As. 1, 3, 3; 2, 4, 65; id. Most. 1, 3, 83; Cat. 30, 4:
alter, qui nec procul aberat,
Liv. 1, 25, 10:
nec ullus = nullus: cui Parcae tribuere nec ullo vulnere laedi,
Verg. Cir. 269:
differentia mancipi rerum et nec mancipi,
Gai. Inst. 2, 18 sq. —Form neque: si quid tibi in illisce suovitaurilibus lactentibus neque satisfactum est, etc., an old formula of prayer in Cato, R. R. 141, 4: neque opinantes insidiatores, Auct. B. Afr. 66; Auct. B. Alex. 75.
II.
Conj., in all periods and kinds of composition.
A.
In gen., = et non, and not, also not.
1.
Alone.
(α).
When the negative applies to the principal verb of the clause: multumque laborat, Nec respirandi fit copia, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 3 (Ann. v. 437 Vahl.):
illa quae aliis sic, aliis secus, nec iisdem semper uno modo videntur, ficta esse dicimus,
Cic. Leg. 1, 17, 47:
delubra esse in urbibus censeo, nec sequor magos Persarum, quibus, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 10, 26; id. N. D. 1, 29, 81; id. Rep. 2, 1, 2:
quae mei testes dicunt, quia non viderunt nec sciunt,
id. Tull. 10, 24:
non eros nec dominos appellabant eos... sed patres et deos. Nec sine causā. Quid enim? etc.,
id. Rep. 1, 41, 64:
illa, nec invideo, fruitur meliore marito,
Ov. H. 2, 79.—
(β).
Less freq. when the negative applies to some other word:
nec inventas illas toto orbe pares vires gloriatur,
Just. 11, 9, 5:
et vidi et perii, nec notis ignibus arsi,
Ov. H. 12, 33:
Anguibus exuitur tenui cum pelle vetustas, Nec faciunt cervos cornua jacta senes ( = et faciunt non senes),
id. A. A. 3, 77:
neque eum aequom facere ait,
Ter. Phorm, 1, 2, 64:
nec dubie ludibrio esse miserias suas,
Liv. 2, 23, 14; 2, 14, 2; esp. in the phrases nec idcirco minus, nec eo minus, nec eo secius, neque eo magis;
thus: nec idcirco minus,
Cic. de Or. 2, 35, 151:
neque eo minus,
Liv. 41, 8, 8; Suet. Oth. 2; id. Vesp. 24:
neque eo secius,
Nep. Att. 2, 2:
neque eo magis,
id. Eum. 4, 2; id. Paus. 3, 5; id. Att. 8, 5:
cum consules in Hernicos exercitum duxissent, neque inventis in agro hostibus, Ferentinum urbem cepissent,
Liv. 7, 9, 1.—
2.
So, nec ullus, nec quisquam, for et nullus, et nemo, etc.:
nec ullo Gallorum ibi viro, etc.,
Liv. 38, 25, 3; Tac. Agr. 16:
nec quidquam magis quam ille, etc.,
Curt. 4, 2, 8.—
3.
With vero, enim, autem, tamen:
neque vero hoc solum dixit, sed ipse et sentit et fecit,
Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 229:
nec vero jam meo nomine abstinent,
id. Rep. 1, 3, 6: nec enim respexit, etc., id. Clod. et Cur. 4, 4; id. Lael. 10, 32:
neque enim tu is es, qui, qui sis nescias,
id. Fam. 5, 12, 6:
nec tamen didici, etc.,
id. Rep. 2, 38, 64:
neque autem ego sum ita demens, ut, etc.,
id. Fam. 5, 12, 6.—
B.
In partic.
1.
Nec [p. 1202] = ne... quidem, not even (in Liv. and later writers;
in Cic. dub. since B. and K. read ne... quidem,
Cic. Ac. 1, 2, 7; id. Tusc. 1, 26, 65; id. Cat. 2, 4, 8; cf.
Hand, Turs. 4, 105 sqq.): ne quid ex antiquo praeter sonum linguae, nec eum incorruptum, retinerent,
Liv. 5, 33, 11:
Maharbal nec ipse eruptionem cohortium sustinuit,
id. 23, 18, 4:
nec nos,
id. 3, 52, 9; 34, 32, 9; 37, 20, 8; 38, 23, 3;
40, 20, 6: non spes modo, sed nec dilatio,
Just. 11, 8, 4:
tam pauper, quam nec miserabilis Irus,
Mart. 6, 77, 1; 5, 70, 6: Juv. 2, 151:
interrogatus, an facta hominum deos fallerent, nec cogitata, inquit,
Val. Max. 7, 2, ext. 8; Tac. G. 6:
nec ipse,
Suet. Claud. 46; Flor. 1, 15, 3; Lact. 5, 13, 12; Amm. 14, 10, 3.—
2.
Nec = etiam non (freq. in Quint.):
ut, si in urbe fines non reguntur, nec aqua in urbe arceatur,
Cic. Top. 4, 23; id. Fin. 1, 11, 39:
nec si quid dicere satis non est, ideo nec necesse est,
Quint. 1, 1, 21:
quod in foro non expedit, illic nec liceat,
id. 9, 2, 67; 5, 10, 86; 12, 3, 6;
2, 13, 7: sed neque haec in principem,
Tac. A. 4, 34; 3, 29; 2, 82.—
3.
Neque (nec)... neque (nec), neither... nor: quae neque Dardaniis campis potuere perire, Nec cum capta capi, nec cum combusta cremari, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 360 Vahl.):
nam certe neque tum peccavi, cum... neque cum, etc.,
Cic. Att. 8, 12, 2:
nec meliores nec beatiores,
id. Rep. 1, 19, 32:
mors nec ad vivos pertineat nec ad mortuos,
id. Tusc. 1, 38, 91:
virtus nec eripi nec surripi potest umquam: neque naufragio neque incendio amittitur,
id. Par. 6, 3, 51: neque ego neque Caesar, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 20, 1; cf.:
haec si neque ego neque tu fecimus,
Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 23; so,
non... nec... neque... neque: perspicuum est, non omni caussae, nec auditori neque personae neque tempori congruere orationis unum genus,
Cic. de Or. 3, 55, 210.—The second nec is rarely placed after a word in the clause ( poet.):
nec deus hunc mensā, dea nec dignata cubili est,
Verg. E. 4, 63; id. A. 4, 365; 696:
sed nec Brutus erit, Bruti nec avunculus usquam,
Juv. 14, 43.—With a preceding negative, which, however, does not destroy the negation contained in neque... neque:
non mediusfidius prae lacrimis possum reliqua nec cogitare nec scribere,
Cic. Att. 9, 12, 1:
ut omnes intellegant, nihil me nec subterfugere voluisse reticendo nec obscurare dicendo,
id. Clu. 1, 1:
nulla vitae pars neque publicis neque privatis, neque forensibus neque domesticis, neque si tecum agas, neque si cum altero contrahas vacare officio potest,
id. Off. 1, 2, 4:
nemo umquam neque poëta neque orator fuit, qui, etc.,
id. Att. 14, 20, 3; 8, 1, 3; Liv. 38, 50, 11.—
4.
Neque (nec)... et (que), and et... neque (nec), when one clause is affirmative, on the one hand not... and on the other hand; not only not... but also; or the contrary, on the one hand... and on the other hand not; not only... but also not.
a.
Neque (nec)... et (que):
id neque amoris mediocris et ingenii summi et sapientiae judico,
Cic. Att. 1, 20, 1:
animal nullum inveniri potest, quod neque natum umquam sit, et semper sit futurum,
id. N. D. 3, 13, 32; id. Off. 2, 12, 43; id. Brut. 58, 198; Caes. B. G. 4, 1; Tac. A. 3, 35:
ex quo intellegitur nec intemperantiam propter se fugiendam esse temperantiamque expetendam,
Cic. Fin. 1, 14, 48:
perficiam, ut neque bonus quisquam intereat, paucorumque poenā vos omnes jam salvi esse possitis,
id. Cat. 2, 13, 28:
sed nec illa exstincta sunt, alunturque potius et augentur cogitatione et memoriā,
id. Lael. 27, 104; Ov. M. 2, 42; 811.—
b.
Et... neque (nec):
ego vero et exspectabo ea quae polliceris neque exigam nisi tuo commodo,
Cic. Brut. 4, 17:
patebat via et certa neque longa,
id. Phil. 11, 2, 4:
intellegitis et animum ei praesto fuisse, nec consilium defuisse,
id. ib. 13, 6, 13:
et... nec... et... et,
id. Tusc. 5, 38, 112.—
5.
Neque (nec) non (also in one word, necnon), emphatically affirmative, and also, and besides, and indeed, and:
nec haec non deminuitur scientia,
Varr. R. R. 1, 4, 4:
neque meam mentem non domum saepe revocat exanimata uxor,
Cic. Cat. 4, 2, 3:
nec vero non eadem ira deorum hanc ejus satellitibus injecit amentiam,
id. Mil. 32, 86:
nec vero Aristoteles non laudandus in eo, quod, etc.,
id. N. D. 2, 16, 44: neque tamen illa non ornant, habiti honores, etc., id. de Or. 2, 85, 347:
neque tristius dicere quicquam debeo hac de re, neque non me tamen mordet aliquid,
id. Fam. 3, 12, 2:
nec non et sterilis, etc.,
Verg. G. 2, 53; id. A. 8, 461; Suet. Tit. 5.—
b.
In Varro and after the Aug. per., nec non (or as one word, necnon) freq. as a simple conjunction = et, and, and likewise, and so too, and also:
ibi vidi greges magnos anserum, gallinarum, gruum, pavonum, necnon glirium, etc.,
Varr. R. R. 3, 2, 14; Col. 8, 15, 6:
nec non et Tyrii per limina laeta frequentes Convenere,
Verg. A. 1, 707; Plin. 13, 22, 38, § 118:
nec non etiam poëmata faciebat ex tempore,
Suet. Gram. 23:
nec non et ante,
Vulg. 2 Reg. 23, 13:
nec non et quasi,
id. 2 Par. 3, 16. —
6.
Neque (nec) dum (also in one word, necdum), and not yet, not yet:
ille autem quid agat, si scis neque dum Romā es profectus, scribas ad me velim,
Cic. Att. 14, 10, 4; Cels. 5, 26, n. 33; Suet. Aug. 10; Juv. 11, 66:
necdum tamen ego Quintum conveneram,
Cic. Att. 6, 3, 2:
necdum etiam audierant inflari classica, necdum Impositos duris crepitare incudibus enses,
Verg. G. 2, 539; id. A. 11, 70.—Strengthened by tamen:
philosophi summi, neque dum tamen sapientiam consecuti, nonne intellegunt in summo se malo esse?
Cic. Tusc. 3, 28, 68; id. Att. 6, 3, 3:
et necdum (post-Aug.),
and not yet, Plin. Pan. 14, 1.—
7.
Nec... quidem; v. quidem.—
C.
Neque = et ne or neve.
1.
Expressing negative purpose.
(α).
After ut (class.):
ut ea, quae regie statuit in aratores, praetermittam neque eos appellem, a quibus, etc.,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 48, § 115:
hortemur liberos nostros, ut animo rei magnitudinem complectantur, neque eis praeceptis quibus utuntur omnes, ut consequi posse confidant, etc.,
id. de Or. 1, 5, 19:
peterent ut dediticiis suis parcerent, neque in eum agrum arma inferrent,
Liv. 7, 31, 4; 1, 2, 4; 3, 52, 11; 27, 20, 12.—
(β).
After ne (not ante-Aug.):
conspirāsse inde, ne manus ad os cibum ferrent, nec os acciperet datum, nec dentes conficerent,
Liv. 2, 32, 10; 3, 21, 6; 4, 4, 11; 26, 42, 2.—
2.
In a prohibition (rare):
nec id mirati sitis, priusquam, etc.,
Liv. 5, 53, 3:
nec a me nunc quisquam quaesiverit, quid, etc.,
id. 9, 9, 9:
nec quicquam raptim aut forte temere egeritis,
id. 23, 5, 3.—
D.
In contrasts, but not, not however (class.):
ubi aetas tantum modo quaestui neque luxuriae modum fecerat,
Sall. C. 24, 3:
gloriosa modo neque belli patrandi,
id. J. 88, 4:
consulatus sine ulla patrum injuriā, nec sine offensione fuit,
Liv. 3, 55, 1:
oppida oppugnata nec obsessa sunt,
id. 5, 12, 5; Plin. Ep. 3, 1, 9; Quint. 8, 6, 74; Tac. Agr. 8.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > neque
102 potis

pŏtis (in the positive rarely declined, and in the neutr. pŏte), adj. ( comp. pŏ-tĭor, ius; sup. pŏtissĭmus, a, um; class. only in the comp.) [Sanscr. patis, lord; Gr. posis, husband; des-potês, lord; Lat. compotis (compos) potiri].
I.
Posit., able, capable; possible (mostly ante-class. and poet.): divi qui potes pro illo quod Samothraces theoi dunatoi, Varr L. L. 5, § 58 Müll.; Macr. S. 3, 4:
nisi qui colaphos perpeti Potis parasitus,
Plaut. Capt. 1, 1, 21.—Usually in the connection potis or pote est, he, she, or it is able, may, or can:
at ea supterfugere potis es pauca,
Plaut. Capt. 5, 2, 17: neque sanguis ullo potis est pacto profluens consistere, old poet ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 16, 38: istam non potis est vis saeva exstinguere venti, Poët. ap. Gell. 19, 9, 12:
at non Evandrum potis est vis ulla tenere,
Verg. A. 11, 148:
quod nunquam potis est sejungi,
Lucr. 1, 452:
nec potis est cerni,
id. 5, 719; Cat. 76, 24:
qui potis est?
how is it possible? id. 72, 7.—With plur.: si speres quicquam prodesse potis sunt, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 333 Müll. (Ann. v. 410 Vahl.):
duae plus satis dare potis sunt,
Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 17:
quid pastores potis sint,
Varr. R. R. 2, 2.—Without est: quis potis ingentes oras evolvere belli? Enn. ap. Diom. p. 381 P. (Ann. v. 178 Vahl.); Verg. A. 3, 671; Hor. C. 3, 17, 13.—Form pote:
si non aliud pote est,
Cat. 43, 16. Without est:
nec devitari letum pote,
Lucr. 3, 1079: viget, veget, utpote plurimum, Varr. ap Non. 2, 876:
nec non emptor pote ex empto vendito illum damnare,
id. R. R. 2, 2:
nec eniti remis pote,
Val. Fl. 4, 680; Prop. 2, 1, 46:
qui pote? vis dicam? nugaris,
Pers. 1, 56:
in te dici pote, Id, quod,
Cat. 98, 1:
nec peccatum a me quisquam pote dicere quicquam,
id. 67, 11:
hoc facito, sive id non pote sive pote,
be it impossible or possible, id. 76, 16:
quid pote simplicius?
what can be more simple? Mart. 9, 16, 2:
nihil pote supra,
nothing could exceed it, Ter. Ad. 2, 3, 11; Auct. ap. Cic. Brut. 46, 172; Cic. Att. 13, 38, 1:
quantum pote,
as soon as possible, id. ib. 4, 13, 1: quam pote, as much as possible (post-class.):
aufugiamus istinc quam pote longissime,
App. M. 1, p. 107, 9; 2, p. 119, 33.—
II.
Comp.: pŏtĭor, us, that may be preferred, preferred; better, preferable (class.).
A.
Of persons:
numquam edepol erit ille potior Harpax, quam ego,
Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 17; 1, 3, 95:
quem aequiust potiorem habere quam te?
id. Stich. 1, 2, 40: qui plus pollet potiorque est patre, old poet ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 69; id. Fam. 10, 3, 2:
itaque cives potiores quam peregrini,
id. Lael. 5, 19:
Sosim et Moericum quibus tantam crederem rem, potiores habui,
Liv. 26, 31, 4:
at tu, qui potior nunc es,
happier in love, preferred, Tib. 1, 6, 33 (5, 69):
ut in judicio possessionis potior esset,
Dig. 18, 1, 34.—
B.
Of things, better, stronger, preferable, more useful or important:
nulla potior serenda,
Varr. R. R. 1, 15:
sucus,
Plin. 36, 22, 43, § 158:
novistine locum potiorem rure beato?
Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 14:
sententia,
id. Epod. 16, 17:
mors civibus Romanis semper fuit servitute potior,
Cic. Phil. 10, 9, 19:
illi turpis vita integrā famā potior fuit,
Sall. J. 67, 3:
nihil mihi potius fuit quam ut Massinissam convenirem,
I had nothing more important, nothing more urgent to do, Cic. Rep. 6, 9, 9:
illa semper potiora duxisti, quae, etc.,
id. de Or. 3, 22, 82:
semper se rei publicae commoda privatis necessitatibus habuisse potiora,
Caes. B. C. 1, 8.— Subst.:
ut probetis potiora,
Vulg. Phil. 1, 10: hem, mater mea, tibi rem potiorem video (sc. verbis), I see a fact stronger than words, i. e. a clearer proof, Plaut. Aul. 4, 7, 12.—
III.
Sup.: pŏtissĭmus, a, um, the chief, principal, most prominent, most important.
A.
Of persons ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):
item huic ultro fit, ut Meret, potissimus nostrae domi ut sit,
Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 9:
tantis potissimus umbris,
Stat. Th. 4, 627:
potissimos libertorum veneno interficere,
Tac. A. 14, 65.—
B.
Of things (class.):
utrum potius, aut quid potissimum sit, quaeritur,
Cic. Inv. 1, 12, 17:
cura,
Stat. S. 4, 4, 20:
nobilitas,
Plin. 14, 2, 4, § 25:
opusculum,
Plin. Ep. 4, 14, 10:
causa,
Tac. A. 4, 16.—Hence, adv., only in the comp. and sup.
A.
Comp.: pŏtĭus, rather, preferably, more (class.; cf.: satius, prius): quo nos vocabis nomine? Ar. Libortos. Le. Non patronos? Ar. Id potius, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 62:
sed scin', quid volo potius, sodes, facias?
Ter. Hec. 5, 1, 27; id. And. 5, 3, 2:
nec vero imperia expetenda: ac potius non accipienda interdum,
Cic. Off. 1, 20, 68.— With quam, Plaut. Aul. 4, 2, 11:
Galliam potius esse Ariovisti quam populi Romani,
Caes. B. G. 1, 45.—When the predicates are compared, the verb in the following clause is always in the subj.:
perpessus est omnia potius quam conscios indicaret,
rather than, Cic. Tusc. 2, 22, 52:
in oratione non vis potius quam delectatio postulatur,
Cic. de Or. 2, 78, 317:
privabo potius illum debito testimonio quam id cum meā laude communicem,
id. Ac. 2, 1, 3:
scribam aliquid potius, quam committam ut litterae non reddantur,
id. Att. 5, 6, 2:
nos potius nostro delicto plectemur, quam res publica nostra peccata luat,
Liv. 8, 7, 17:
per interregem comitia habenda potius, quam consulum alter a bello avocaretur,
id. 22, 23, 10; 9, 14, 16.— So with quam ut:
se miliens morituros potius quam ut tantum dedecoris admitti patiantur,
Liv. 4, 2, 8: audeo dicere hoc malo domitos ipsos potius cultores agrorum fore, quam ut armati, etc., id. 2, 34, 11; 6, 28, 8; 9, 14, 7.—But after verbs of willing, wishing (sometimes of declaring), the inf. is used:
dictatore obstinato tollere potius totum e re publicā consulatum, quam promiscuum facere,
Liv. 7, 21, 1; 23, 9, 8; 21, 13, 8: v. Weissenb. ad Liv. 2, 15, 2; Fest. s. v. olivitam, p. 202 Müll.; v. Muuml;ll. ad. loc. p. 203, a. —In an inverted order:
quam potius,
Verg. Copa, 5: quid mihi negotii est eum istis nugacibus, quam potius potamus mulsum? C. Titius ap. Macr. S. 2, 12.—Sometimes potius is to be supplied:
tacita, bona est mulier semper, quam loquens,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 70; id. Men. 5, 1, 26:
tamen statuit congredi, quam cum tantis copiis refugere,
Nep. Dat. 8, 1.—Pleon., with words which already express comparison.— Comp., Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 19:
Uticae potius quam Romae esse malle,
Cic. Lig. 2, 5:
favorabiliores rei potius, quam actores habentur,
Dig. 50, 17, 167.—
2.
Esp., introducing a repetition of a thought in a corrected or strengthened form: aut potius, vel potius, or rather, or I may better say, etc.:
efficiet enim ratio ut... mors aut malum non sit, aut sit bonum potius,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 11, 23:
quam fuit imbecillus P. Africani filius, quam tenui aut nullā potius valetudine,
id. Sen. 11, 35:
erravit aut potius insanivit Apronius?
id. Verr. 2, 3, 48, § 113:
Cato magnus hercule homo, vel potius summus et singularis vir,
id. Brut. 85, 293; Dig. 1, 5, 16.—
B.
Sup.: pŏtissĭmē ( pŏtissŭ-), and more freq. pŏtissĭmum ( pŏtissŭ-), chiefly, principally, especially, in preference to all others, above all, most of all (class.).—Form potissime, Cels. 3, 6.—Form potissimum:
responde, quo leto censes me ut peream potissimum?
Plaut. Merc. 2, 4, 15; Ter. And. 2, 6, 23:
exsistat aliquis et potissimum Caecus ille,
Cic. Cael. 14, 33; id. Mur. 2, 4:
nos id potissimum consecuti sumus,
id. Tusc. 5, 4, 11:
tanta erat contentio, qui potissimum ex magno numero conscenderent, ut,
Caes. B. C. 2, 43:
quid agam? aut quo potissimum infelix accedam?
Sall. J. 14, 15; Auct. Her. 3, 2, 2; Lact. 2, 18, 3.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > potis
103 potissimum

pŏtis (in the positive rarely declined, and in the neutr. pŏte), adj. ( comp. pŏ-tĭor, ius; sup. pŏtissĭmus, a, um; class. only in the comp.) [Sanscr. patis, lord; Gr. posis, husband; des-potês, lord; Lat. compotis (compos) potiri].
I.
Posit., able, capable; possible (mostly ante-class. and poet.): divi qui potes pro illo quod Samothraces theoi dunatoi, Varr L. L. 5, § 58 Müll.; Macr. S. 3, 4:
nisi qui colaphos perpeti Potis parasitus,
Plaut. Capt. 1, 1, 21.—Usually in the connection potis or pote est, he, she, or it is able, may, or can:
at ea supterfugere potis es pauca,
Plaut. Capt. 5, 2, 17: neque sanguis ullo potis est pacto profluens consistere, old poet ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 16, 38: istam non potis est vis saeva exstinguere venti, Poët. ap. Gell. 19, 9, 12:
at non Evandrum potis est vis ulla tenere,
Verg. A. 11, 148:
quod nunquam potis est sejungi,
Lucr. 1, 452:
nec potis est cerni,
id. 5, 719; Cat. 76, 24:
qui potis est?
how is it possible? id. 72, 7.—With plur.: si speres quicquam prodesse potis sunt, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 333 Müll. (Ann. v. 410 Vahl.):
duae plus satis dare potis sunt,
Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 17:
quid pastores potis sint,
Varr. R. R. 2, 2.—Without est: quis potis ingentes oras evolvere belli? Enn. ap. Diom. p. 381 P. (Ann. v. 178 Vahl.); Verg. A. 3, 671; Hor. C. 3, 17, 13.—Form pote:
si non aliud pote est,
Cat. 43, 16. Without est:
nec devitari letum pote,
Lucr. 3, 1079: viget, veget, utpote plurimum, Varr. ap Non. 2, 876:
nec non emptor pote ex empto vendito illum damnare,
id. R. R. 2, 2:
nec eniti remis pote,
Val. Fl. 4, 680; Prop. 2, 1, 46:
qui pote? vis dicam? nugaris,
Pers. 1, 56:
in te dici pote, Id, quod,
Cat. 98, 1:
nec peccatum a me quisquam pote dicere quicquam,
id. 67, 11:
hoc facito, sive id non pote sive pote,
be it impossible or possible, id. 76, 16:
quid pote simplicius?
what can be more simple? Mart. 9, 16, 2:
nihil pote supra,
nothing could exceed it, Ter. Ad. 2, 3, 11; Auct. ap. Cic. Brut. 46, 172; Cic. Att. 13, 38, 1:
quantum pote,
as soon as possible, id. ib. 4, 13, 1: quam pote, as much as possible (post-class.):
aufugiamus istinc quam pote longissime,
App. M. 1, p. 107, 9; 2, p. 119, 33.—
II.
Comp.: pŏtĭor, us, that may be preferred, preferred; better, preferable (class.).
A.
Of persons:
numquam edepol erit ille potior Harpax, quam ego,
Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 17; 1, 3, 95:
quem aequiust potiorem habere quam te?
id. Stich. 1, 2, 40: qui plus pollet potiorque est patre, old poet ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 69; id. Fam. 10, 3, 2:
itaque cives potiores quam peregrini,
id. Lael. 5, 19:
Sosim et Moericum quibus tantam crederem rem, potiores habui,
Liv. 26, 31, 4:
at tu, qui potior nunc es,
happier in love, preferred, Tib. 1, 6, 33 (5, 69):
ut in judicio possessionis potior esset,
Dig. 18, 1, 34.—
B.
Of things, better, stronger, preferable, more useful or important:
nulla potior serenda,
Varr. R. R. 1, 15:
sucus,
Plin. 36, 22, 43, § 158:
novistine locum potiorem rure beato?
Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 14:
sententia,
id. Epod. 16, 17:
mors civibus Romanis semper fuit servitute potior,
Cic. Phil. 10, 9, 19:
illi turpis vita integrā famā potior fuit,
Sall. J. 67, 3:
nihil mihi potius fuit quam ut Massinissam convenirem,
I had nothing more important, nothing more urgent to do, Cic. Rep. 6, 9, 9:
illa semper potiora duxisti, quae, etc.,
id. de Or. 3, 22, 82:
semper se rei publicae commoda privatis necessitatibus habuisse potiora,
Caes. B. C. 1, 8.— Subst.:
ut probetis potiora,
Vulg. Phil. 1, 10: hem, mater mea, tibi rem potiorem video (sc. verbis), I see a fact stronger than words, i. e. a clearer proof, Plaut. Aul. 4, 7, 12.—
III.
Sup.: pŏtissĭmus, a, um, the chief, principal, most prominent, most important.
A.
Of persons ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):
item huic ultro fit, ut Meret, potissimus nostrae domi ut sit,
Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 9:
tantis potissimus umbris,
Stat. Th. 4, 627:
potissimos libertorum veneno interficere,
Tac. A. 14, 65.—
B.
Of things (class.):
utrum potius, aut quid potissimum sit, quaeritur,
Cic. Inv. 1, 12, 17:
cura,
Stat. S. 4, 4, 20:
nobilitas,
Plin. 14, 2, 4, § 25:
opusculum,
Plin. Ep. 4, 14, 10:
causa,
Tac. A. 4, 16.—Hence, adv., only in the comp. and sup.
A.
Comp.: pŏtĭus, rather, preferably, more (class.; cf.: satius, prius): quo nos vocabis nomine? Ar. Libortos. Le. Non patronos? Ar. Id potius, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 62:
sed scin', quid volo potius, sodes, facias?
Ter. Hec. 5, 1, 27; id. And. 5, 3, 2:
nec vero imperia expetenda: ac potius non accipienda interdum,
Cic. Off. 1, 20, 68.— With quam, Plaut. Aul. 4, 2, 11:
Galliam potius esse Ariovisti quam populi Romani,
Caes. B. G. 1, 45.—When the predicates are compared, the verb in the following clause is always in the subj.:
perpessus est omnia potius quam conscios indicaret,
rather than, Cic. Tusc. 2, 22, 52:
in oratione non vis potius quam delectatio postulatur,
Cic. de Or. 2, 78, 317:
privabo potius illum debito testimonio quam id cum meā laude communicem,
id. Ac. 2, 1, 3:
scribam aliquid potius, quam committam ut litterae non reddantur,
id. Att. 5, 6, 2:
nos potius nostro delicto plectemur, quam res publica nostra peccata luat,
Liv. 8, 7, 17:
per interregem comitia habenda potius, quam consulum alter a bello avocaretur,
id. 22, 23, 10; 9, 14, 16.— So with quam ut:
se miliens morituros potius quam ut tantum dedecoris admitti patiantur,
Liv. 4, 2, 8: audeo dicere hoc malo domitos ipsos potius cultores agrorum fore, quam ut armati, etc., id. 2, 34, 11; 6, 28, 8; 9, 14, 7.—But after verbs of willing, wishing (sometimes of declaring), the inf. is used:
dictatore obstinato tollere potius totum e re publicā consulatum, quam promiscuum facere,
Liv. 7, 21, 1; 23, 9, 8; 21, 13, 8: v. Weissenb. ad Liv. 2, 15, 2; Fest. s. v. olivitam, p. 202 Müll.; v. Muuml;ll. ad. loc. p. 203, a. —In an inverted order:
quam potius,
Verg. Copa, 5: quid mihi negotii est eum istis nugacibus, quam potius potamus mulsum? C. Titius ap. Macr. S. 2, 12.—Sometimes potius is to be supplied:
tacita, bona est mulier semper, quam loquens,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 70; id. Men. 5, 1, 26:
tamen statuit congredi, quam cum tantis copiis refugere,
Nep. Dat. 8, 1.—Pleon., with words which already express comparison.— Comp., Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 19:
Uticae potius quam Romae esse malle,
Cic. Lig. 2, 5:
favorabiliores rei potius, quam actores habentur,
Dig. 50, 17, 167.—
2.
Esp., introducing a repetition of a thought in a corrected or strengthened form: aut potius, vel potius, or rather, or I may better say, etc.:
efficiet enim ratio ut... mors aut malum non sit, aut sit bonum potius,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 11, 23:
quam fuit imbecillus P. Africani filius, quam tenui aut nullā potius valetudine,
id. Sen. 11, 35:
erravit aut potius insanivit Apronius?
id. Verr. 2, 3, 48, § 113:
Cato magnus hercule homo, vel potius summus et singularis vir,
id. Brut. 85, 293; Dig. 1, 5, 16.—
B.
Sup.: pŏtissĭmē ( pŏtissŭ-), and more freq. pŏtissĭmum ( pŏtissŭ-), chiefly, principally, especially, in preference to all others, above all, most of all (class.).—Form potissime, Cels. 3, 6.—Form potissimum:
responde, quo leto censes me ut peream potissimum?
Plaut. Merc. 2, 4, 15; Ter. And. 2, 6, 23:
exsistat aliquis et potissimum Caecus ille,
Cic. Cael. 14, 33; id. Mur. 2, 4:
nos id potissimum consecuti sumus,
id. Tusc. 5, 4, 11:
tanta erat contentio, qui potissimum ex magno numero conscenderent, ut,
Caes. B. C. 2, 43:
quid agam? aut quo potissimum infelix accedam?
Sall. J. 14, 15; Auct. Her. 3, 2, 2; Lact. 2, 18, 3.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > potissimum
104 potissimus

pŏtis (in the positive rarely declined, and in the neutr. pŏte), adj. ( comp. pŏ-tĭor, ius; sup. pŏtissĭmus, a, um; class. only in the comp.) [Sanscr. patis, lord; Gr. posis, husband; des-potês, lord; Lat. compotis (compos) potiri].
I.
Posit., able, capable; possible (mostly ante-class. and poet.): divi qui potes pro illo quod Samothraces theoi dunatoi, Varr L. L. 5, § 58 Müll.; Macr. S. 3, 4:
nisi qui colaphos perpeti Potis parasitus,
Plaut. Capt. 1, 1, 21.—Usually in the connection potis or pote est, he, she, or it is able, may, or can:
at ea supterfugere potis es pauca,
Plaut. Capt. 5, 2, 17: neque sanguis ullo potis est pacto profluens consistere, old poet ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 16, 38: istam non potis est vis saeva exstinguere venti, Poët. ap. Gell. 19, 9, 12:
at non Evandrum potis est vis ulla tenere,
Verg. A. 11, 148:
quod nunquam potis est sejungi,
Lucr. 1, 452:
nec potis est cerni,
id. 5, 719; Cat. 76, 24:
qui potis est?
how is it possible? id. 72, 7.—With plur.: si speres quicquam prodesse potis sunt, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 333 Müll. (Ann. v. 410 Vahl.):
duae plus satis dare potis sunt,
Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 17:
quid pastores potis sint,
Varr. R. R. 2, 2.—Without est: quis potis ingentes oras evolvere belli? Enn. ap. Diom. p. 381 P. (Ann. v. 178 Vahl.); Verg. A. 3, 671; Hor. C. 3, 17, 13.—Form pote:
si non aliud pote est,
Cat. 43, 16. Without est:
nec devitari letum pote,
Lucr. 3, 1079: viget, veget, utpote plurimum, Varr. ap Non. 2, 876:
nec non emptor pote ex empto vendito illum damnare,
id. R. R. 2, 2:
nec eniti remis pote,
Val. Fl. 4, 680; Prop. 2, 1, 46:
qui pote? vis dicam? nugaris,
Pers. 1, 56:
in te dici pote, Id, quod,
Cat. 98, 1:
nec peccatum a me quisquam pote dicere quicquam,
id. 67, 11:
hoc facito, sive id non pote sive pote,
be it impossible or possible, id. 76, 16:
quid pote simplicius?
what can be more simple? Mart. 9, 16, 2:
nihil pote supra,
nothing could exceed it, Ter. Ad. 2, 3, 11; Auct. ap. Cic. Brut. 46, 172; Cic. Att. 13, 38, 1:
quantum pote,
as soon as possible, id. ib. 4, 13, 1: quam pote, as much as possible (post-class.):
aufugiamus istinc quam pote longissime,
App. M. 1, p. 107, 9; 2, p. 119, 33.—
II.
Comp.: pŏtĭor, us, that may be preferred, preferred; better, preferable (class.).
A.
Of persons:
numquam edepol erit ille potior Harpax, quam ego,
Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 17; 1, 3, 95:
quem aequiust potiorem habere quam te?
id. Stich. 1, 2, 40: qui plus pollet potiorque est patre, old poet ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 69; id. Fam. 10, 3, 2:
itaque cives potiores quam peregrini,
id. Lael. 5, 19:
Sosim et Moericum quibus tantam crederem rem, potiores habui,
Liv. 26, 31, 4:
at tu, qui potior nunc es,
happier in love, preferred, Tib. 1, 6, 33 (5, 69):
ut in judicio possessionis potior esset,
Dig. 18, 1, 34.—
B.
Of things, better, stronger, preferable, more useful or important:
nulla potior serenda,
Varr. R. R. 1, 15:
sucus,
Plin. 36, 22, 43, § 158:
novistine locum potiorem rure beato?
Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 14:
sententia,
id. Epod. 16, 17:
mors civibus Romanis semper fuit servitute potior,
Cic. Phil. 10, 9, 19:
illi turpis vita integrā famā potior fuit,
Sall. J. 67, 3:
nihil mihi potius fuit quam ut Massinissam convenirem,
I had nothing more important, nothing more urgent to do, Cic. Rep. 6, 9, 9:
illa semper potiora duxisti, quae, etc.,
id. de Or. 3, 22, 82:
semper se rei publicae commoda privatis necessitatibus habuisse potiora,
Caes. B. C. 1, 8.— Subst.:
ut probetis potiora,
Vulg. Phil. 1, 10: hem, mater mea, tibi rem potiorem video (sc. verbis), I see a fact stronger than words, i. e. a clearer proof, Plaut. Aul. 4, 7, 12.—
III.
Sup.: pŏtissĭmus, a, um, the chief, principal, most prominent, most important.
A.
Of persons ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):
item huic ultro fit, ut Meret, potissimus nostrae domi ut sit,
Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 9:
tantis potissimus umbris,
Stat. Th. 4, 627:
potissimos libertorum veneno interficere,
Tac. A. 14, 65.—
B.
Of things (class.):
utrum potius, aut quid potissimum sit, quaeritur,
Cic. Inv. 1, 12, 17:
cura,
Stat. S. 4, 4, 20:
nobilitas,
Plin. 14, 2, 4, § 25:
opusculum,
Plin. Ep. 4, 14, 10:
causa,
Tac. A. 4, 16.—Hence, adv., only in the comp. and sup.
A.
Comp.: pŏtĭus, rather, preferably, more (class.; cf.: satius, prius): quo nos vocabis nomine? Ar. Libortos. Le. Non patronos? Ar. Id potius, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 62:
sed scin', quid volo potius, sodes, facias?
Ter. Hec. 5, 1, 27; id. And. 5, 3, 2:
nec vero imperia expetenda: ac potius non accipienda interdum,
Cic. Off. 1, 20, 68.— With quam, Plaut. Aul. 4, 2, 11:
Galliam potius esse Ariovisti quam populi Romani,
Caes. B. G. 1, 45.—When the predicates are compared, the verb in the following clause is always in the subj.:
perpessus est omnia potius quam conscios indicaret,
rather than, Cic. Tusc. 2, 22, 52:
in oratione non vis potius quam delectatio postulatur,
Cic. de Or. 2, 78, 317:
privabo potius illum debito testimonio quam id cum meā laude communicem,
id. Ac. 2, 1, 3:
scribam aliquid potius, quam committam ut litterae non reddantur,
id. Att. 5, 6, 2:
nos potius nostro delicto plectemur, quam res publica nostra peccata luat,
Liv. 8, 7, 17:
per interregem comitia habenda potius, quam consulum alter a bello avocaretur,
id. 22, 23, 10; 9, 14, 16.— So with quam ut:
se miliens morituros potius quam ut tantum dedecoris admitti patiantur,
Liv. 4, 2, 8: audeo dicere hoc malo domitos ipsos potius cultores agrorum fore, quam ut armati, etc., id. 2, 34, 11; 6, 28, 8; 9, 14, 7.—But after verbs of willing, wishing (sometimes of declaring), the inf. is used:
dictatore obstinato tollere potius totum e re publicā consulatum, quam promiscuum facere,
Liv. 7, 21, 1; 23, 9, 8; 21, 13, 8: v. Weissenb. ad Liv. 2, 15, 2; Fest. s. v. olivitam, p. 202 Müll.; v. Muuml;ll. ad. loc. p. 203, a. —In an inverted order:
quam potius,
Verg. Copa, 5: quid mihi negotii est eum istis nugacibus, quam potius potamus mulsum? C. Titius ap. Macr. S. 2, 12.—Sometimes potius is to be supplied:
tacita, bona est mulier semper, quam loquens,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 70; id. Men. 5, 1, 26:
tamen statuit congredi, quam cum tantis copiis refugere,
Nep. Dat. 8, 1.—Pleon., with words which already express comparison.— Comp., Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 19:
Uticae potius quam Romae esse malle,
Cic. Lig. 2, 5:
favorabiliores rei potius, quam actores habentur,
Dig. 50, 17, 167.—
2.
Esp., introducing a repetition of a thought in a corrected or strengthened form: aut potius, vel potius, or rather, or I may better say, etc.:
efficiet enim ratio ut... mors aut malum non sit, aut sit bonum potius,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 11, 23:
quam fuit imbecillus P. Africani filius, quam tenui aut nullā potius valetudine,
id. Sen. 11, 35:
erravit aut potius insanivit Apronius?
id. Verr. 2, 3, 48, § 113:
Cato magnus hercule homo, vel potius summus et singularis vir,
id. Brut. 85, 293; Dig. 1, 5, 16.—
B.
Sup.: pŏtissĭmē ( pŏtissŭ-), and more freq. pŏtissĭmum ( pŏtissŭ-), chiefly, principally, especially, in preference to all others, above all, most of all (class.).—Form potissime, Cels. 3, 6.—Form potissimum:
responde, quo leto censes me ut peream potissimum?
Plaut. Merc. 2, 4, 15; Ter. And. 2, 6, 23:
exsistat aliquis et potissimum Caecus ille,
Cic. Cael. 14, 33; id. Mur. 2, 4:
nos id potissimum consecuti sumus,
id. Tusc. 5, 4, 11:
tanta erat contentio, qui potissimum ex magno numero conscenderent, ut,
Caes. B. C. 2, 43:
quid agam? aut quo potissimum infelix accedam?
Sall. J. 14, 15; Auct. Her. 3, 2, 2; Lact. 2, 18, 3.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > potissimus
105 potissume

pŏtis (in the positive rarely declined, and in the neutr. pŏte), adj. ( comp. pŏ-tĭor, ius; sup. pŏtissĭmus, a, um; class. only in the comp.) [Sanscr. patis, lord; Gr. posis, husband; des-potês, lord; Lat. compotis (compos) potiri].
I.
Posit., able, capable; possible (mostly ante-class. and poet.): divi qui potes pro illo quod Samothraces theoi dunatoi, Varr L. L. 5, § 58 Müll.; Macr. S. 3, 4:
nisi qui colaphos perpeti Potis parasitus,
Plaut. Capt. 1, 1, 21.—Usually in the connection potis or pote est, he, she, or it is able, may, or can:
at ea supterfugere potis es pauca,
Plaut. Capt. 5, 2, 17: neque sanguis ullo potis est pacto profluens consistere, old poet ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 16, 38: istam non potis est vis saeva exstinguere venti, Poët. ap. Gell. 19, 9, 12:
at non Evandrum potis est vis ulla tenere,
Verg. A. 11, 148:
quod nunquam potis est sejungi,
Lucr. 1, 452:
nec potis est cerni,
id. 5, 719; Cat. 76, 24:
qui potis est?
how is it possible? id. 72, 7.—With plur.: si speres quicquam prodesse potis sunt, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 333 Müll. (Ann. v. 410 Vahl.):
duae plus satis dare potis sunt,
Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 17:
quid pastores potis sint,
Varr. R. R. 2, 2.—Without est: quis potis ingentes oras evolvere belli? Enn. ap. Diom. p. 381 P. (Ann. v. 178 Vahl.); Verg. A. 3, 671; Hor. C. 3, 17, 13.—Form pote:
si non aliud pote est,
Cat. 43, 16. Without est:
nec devitari letum pote,
Lucr. 3, 1079: viget, veget, utpote plurimum, Varr. ap Non. 2, 876:
nec non emptor pote ex empto vendito illum damnare,
id. R. R. 2, 2:
nec eniti remis pote,
Val. Fl. 4, 680; Prop. 2, 1, 46:
qui pote? vis dicam? nugaris,
Pers. 1, 56:
in te dici pote, Id, quod,
Cat. 98, 1:
nec peccatum a me quisquam pote dicere quicquam,
id. 67, 11:
hoc facito, sive id non pote sive pote,
be it impossible or possible, id. 76, 16:
quid pote simplicius?
what can be more simple? Mart. 9, 16, 2:
nihil pote supra,
nothing could exceed it, Ter. Ad. 2, 3, 11; Auct. ap. Cic. Brut. 46, 172; Cic. Att. 13, 38, 1:
quantum pote,
as soon as possible, id. ib. 4, 13, 1: quam pote, as much as possible (post-class.):
aufugiamus istinc quam pote longissime,
App. M. 1, p. 107, 9; 2, p. 119, 33.—
II.
Comp.: pŏtĭor, us, that may be preferred, preferred; better, preferable (class.).
A.
Of persons:
numquam edepol erit ille potior Harpax, quam ego,
Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 17; 1, 3, 95:
quem aequiust potiorem habere quam te?
id. Stich. 1, 2, 40: qui plus pollet potiorque est patre, old poet ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 69; id. Fam. 10, 3, 2:
itaque cives potiores quam peregrini,
id. Lael. 5, 19:
Sosim et Moericum quibus tantam crederem rem, potiores habui,
Liv. 26, 31, 4:
at tu, qui potior nunc es,
happier in love, preferred, Tib. 1, 6, 33 (5, 69):
ut in judicio possessionis potior esset,
Dig. 18, 1, 34.—
B.
Of things, better, stronger, preferable, more useful or important:
nulla potior serenda,
Varr. R. R. 1, 15:
sucus,
Plin. 36, 22, 43, § 158:
novistine locum potiorem rure beato?
Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 14:
sententia,
id. Epod. 16, 17:
mors civibus Romanis semper fuit servitute potior,
Cic. Phil. 10, 9, 19:
illi turpis vita integrā famā potior fuit,
Sall. J. 67, 3:
nihil mihi potius fuit quam ut Massinissam convenirem,
I had nothing more important, nothing more urgent to do, Cic. Rep. 6, 9, 9:
illa semper potiora duxisti, quae, etc.,
id. de Or. 3, 22, 82:
semper se rei publicae commoda privatis necessitatibus habuisse potiora,
Caes. B. C. 1, 8.— Subst.:
ut probetis potiora,
Vulg. Phil. 1, 10: hem, mater mea, tibi rem potiorem video (sc. verbis), I see a fact stronger than words, i. e. a clearer proof, Plaut. Aul. 4, 7, 12.—
III.
Sup.: pŏtissĭmus, a, um, the chief, principal, most prominent, most important.
A.
Of persons ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):
item huic ultro fit, ut Meret, potissimus nostrae domi ut sit,
Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 9:
tantis potissimus umbris,
Stat. Th. 4, 627:
potissimos libertorum veneno interficere,
Tac. A. 14, 65.—
B.
Of things (class.):
utrum potius, aut quid potissimum sit, quaeritur,
Cic. Inv. 1, 12, 17:
cura,
Stat. S. 4, 4, 20:
nobilitas,
Plin. 14, 2, 4, § 25:
opusculum,
Plin. Ep. 4, 14, 10:
causa,
Tac. A. 4, 16.—Hence, adv., only in the comp. and sup.
A.
Comp.: pŏtĭus, rather, preferably, more (class.; cf.: satius, prius): quo nos vocabis nomine? Ar. Libortos. Le. Non patronos? Ar. Id potius, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 62:
sed scin', quid volo potius, sodes, facias?
Ter. Hec. 5, 1, 27; id. And. 5, 3, 2:
nec vero imperia expetenda: ac potius non accipienda interdum,
Cic. Off. 1, 20, 68.— With quam, Plaut. Aul. 4, 2, 11:
Galliam potius esse Ariovisti quam populi Romani,
Caes. B. G. 1, 45.—When the predicates are compared, the verb in the following clause is always in the subj.:
perpessus est omnia potius quam conscios indicaret,
rather than, Cic. Tusc. 2, 22, 52:
in oratione non vis potius quam delectatio postulatur,
Cic. de Or. 2, 78, 317:
privabo potius illum debito testimonio quam id cum meā laude communicem,
id. Ac. 2, 1, 3:
scribam aliquid potius, quam committam ut litterae non reddantur,
id. Att. 5, 6, 2:
nos potius nostro delicto plectemur, quam res publica nostra peccata luat,
Liv. 8, 7, 17:
per interregem comitia habenda potius, quam consulum alter a bello avocaretur,
id. 22, 23, 10; 9, 14, 16.— So with quam ut:
se miliens morituros potius quam ut tantum dedecoris admitti patiantur,
Liv. 4, 2, 8: audeo dicere hoc malo domitos ipsos potius cultores agrorum fore, quam ut armati, etc., id. 2, 34, 11; 6, 28, 8; 9, 14, 7.—But after verbs of willing, wishing (sometimes of declaring), the inf. is used:
dictatore obstinato tollere potius totum e re publicā consulatum, quam promiscuum facere,
Liv. 7, 21, 1; 23, 9, 8; 21, 13, 8: v. Weissenb. ad Liv. 2, 15, 2; Fest. s. v. olivitam, p. 202 Müll.; v. Muuml;ll. ad. loc. p. 203, a. —In an inverted order:
quam potius,
Verg. Copa, 5: quid mihi negotii est eum istis nugacibus, quam potius potamus mulsum? C. Titius ap. Macr. S. 2, 12.—Sometimes potius is to be supplied:
tacita, bona est mulier semper, quam loquens,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 70; id. Men. 5, 1, 26:
tamen statuit congredi, quam cum tantis copiis refugere,
Nep. Dat. 8, 1.—Pleon., with words which already express comparison.— Comp., Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 19:
Uticae potius quam Romae esse malle,
Cic. Lig. 2, 5:
favorabiliores rei potius, quam actores habentur,
Dig. 50, 17, 167.—
2.
Esp., introducing a repetition of a thought in a corrected or strengthened form: aut potius, vel potius, or rather, or I may better say, etc.:
efficiet enim ratio ut... mors aut malum non sit, aut sit bonum potius,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 11, 23:
quam fuit imbecillus P. Africani filius, quam tenui aut nullā potius valetudine,
id. Sen. 11, 35:
erravit aut potius insanivit Apronius?
id. Verr. 2, 3, 48, § 113:
Cato magnus hercule homo, vel potius summus et singularis vir,
id. Brut. 85, 293; Dig. 1, 5, 16.—
B.
Sup.: pŏtissĭmē ( pŏtissŭ-), and more freq. pŏtissĭmum ( pŏtissŭ-), chiefly, principally, especially, in preference to all others, above all, most of all (class.).—Form potissime, Cels. 3, 6.—Form potissimum:
responde, quo leto censes me ut peream potissimum?
Plaut. Merc. 2, 4, 15; Ter. And. 2, 6, 23:
exsistat aliquis et potissimum Caecus ille,
Cic. Cael. 14, 33; id. Mur. 2, 4:
nos id potissimum consecuti sumus,
id. Tusc. 5, 4, 11:
tanta erat contentio, qui potissimum ex magno numero conscenderent, ut,
Caes. B. C. 2, 43:
quid agam? aut quo potissimum infelix accedam?
Sall. J. 14, 15; Auct. Her. 3, 2, 2; Lact. 2, 18, 3.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > potissume
106 potissumum

pŏtis (in the positive rarely declined, and in the neutr. pŏte), adj. ( comp. pŏ-tĭor, ius; sup. pŏtissĭmus, a, um; class. only in the comp.) [Sanscr. patis, lord; Gr. posis, husband; des-potês, lord; Lat. compotis (compos) potiri].
I.
Posit., able, capable; possible (mostly ante-class. and poet.): divi qui potes pro illo quod Samothraces theoi dunatoi, Varr L. L. 5, § 58 Müll.; Macr. S. 3, 4:
nisi qui colaphos perpeti Potis parasitus,
Plaut. Capt. 1, 1, 21.—Usually in the connection potis or pote est, he, she, or it is able, may, or can:
at ea supterfugere potis es pauca,
Plaut. Capt. 5, 2, 17: neque sanguis ullo potis est pacto profluens consistere, old poet ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 16, 38: istam non potis est vis saeva exstinguere venti, Poët. ap. Gell. 19, 9, 12:
at non Evandrum potis est vis ulla tenere,
Verg. A. 11, 148:
quod nunquam potis est sejungi,
Lucr. 1, 452:
nec potis est cerni,
id. 5, 719; Cat. 76, 24:
qui potis est?
how is it possible? id. 72, 7.—With plur.: si speres quicquam prodesse potis sunt, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 333 Müll. (Ann. v. 410 Vahl.):
duae plus satis dare potis sunt,
Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 17:
quid pastores potis sint,
Varr. R. R. 2, 2.—Without est: quis potis ingentes oras evolvere belli? Enn. ap. Diom. p. 381 P. (Ann. v. 178 Vahl.); Verg. A. 3, 671; Hor. C. 3, 17, 13.—Form pote:
si non aliud pote est,
Cat. 43, 16. Without est:
nec devitari letum pote,
Lucr. 3, 1079: viget, veget, utpote plurimum, Varr. ap Non. 2, 876:
nec non emptor pote ex empto vendito illum damnare,
id. R. R. 2, 2:
nec eniti remis pote,
Val. Fl. 4, 680; Prop. 2, 1, 46:
qui pote? vis dicam? nugaris,
Pers. 1, 56:
in te dici pote, Id, quod,
Cat. 98, 1:
nec peccatum a me quisquam pote dicere quicquam,
id. 67, 11:
hoc facito, sive id non pote sive pote,
be it impossible or possible, id. 76, 16:
quid pote simplicius?
what can be more simple? Mart. 9, 16, 2:
nihil pote supra,
nothing could exceed it, Ter. Ad. 2, 3, 11; Auct. ap. Cic. Brut. 46, 172; Cic. Att. 13, 38, 1:
quantum pote,
as soon as possible, id. ib. 4, 13, 1: quam pote, as much as possible (post-class.):
aufugiamus istinc quam pote longissime,
App. M. 1, p. 107, 9; 2, p. 119, 33.—
II.
Comp.: pŏtĭor, us, that may be preferred, preferred; better, preferable (class.).
A.
Of persons:
numquam edepol erit ille potior Harpax, quam ego,
Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 17; 1, 3, 95:
quem aequiust potiorem habere quam te?
id. Stich. 1, 2, 40: qui plus pollet potiorque est patre, old poet ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 69; id. Fam. 10, 3, 2:
itaque cives potiores quam peregrini,
id. Lael. 5, 19:
Sosim et Moericum quibus tantam crederem rem, potiores habui,
Liv. 26, 31, 4:
at tu, qui potior nunc es,
happier in love, preferred, Tib. 1, 6, 33 (5, 69):
ut in judicio possessionis potior esset,
Dig. 18, 1, 34.—
B.
Of things, better, stronger, preferable, more useful or important:
nulla potior serenda,
Varr. R. R. 1, 15:
sucus,
Plin. 36, 22, 43, § 158:
novistine locum potiorem rure beato?
Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 14:
sententia,
id. Epod. 16, 17:
mors civibus Romanis semper fuit servitute potior,
Cic. Phil. 10, 9, 19:
illi turpis vita integrā famā potior fuit,
Sall. J. 67, 3:
nihil mihi potius fuit quam ut Massinissam convenirem,
I had nothing more important, nothing more urgent to do, Cic. Rep. 6, 9, 9:
illa semper potiora duxisti, quae, etc.,
id. de Or. 3, 22, 82:
semper se rei publicae commoda privatis necessitatibus habuisse potiora,
Caes. B. C. 1, 8.— Subst.:
ut probetis potiora,
Vulg. Phil. 1, 10: hem, mater mea, tibi rem potiorem video (sc. verbis), I see a fact stronger than words, i. e. a clearer proof, Plaut. Aul. 4, 7, 12.—
III.
Sup.: pŏtissĭmus, a, um, the chief, principal, most prominent, most important.
A.
Of persons ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):
item huic ultro fit, ut Meret, potissimus nostrae domi ut sit,
Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 9:
tantis potissimus umbris,
Stat. Th. 4, 627:
potissimos libertorum veneno interficere,
Tac. A. 14, 65.—
B.
Of things (class.):
utrum potius, aut quid potissimum sit, quaeritur,
Cic. Inv. 1, 12, 17:
cura,
Stat. S. 4, 4, 20:
nobilitas,
Plin. 14, 2, 4, § 25:
opusculum,
Plin. Ep. 4, 14, 10:
causa,
Tac. A. 4, 16.—Hence, adv., only in the comp. and sup.
A.
Comp.: pŏtĭus, rather, preferably, more (class.; cf.: satius, prius): quo nos vocabis nomine? Ar. Libortos. Le. Non patronos? Ar. Id potius, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 62:
sed scin', quid volo potius, sodes, facias?
Ter. Hec. 5, 1, 27; id. And. 5, 3, 2:
nec vero imperia expetenda: ac potius non accipienda interdum,
Cic. Off. 1, 20, 68.— With quam, Plaut. Aul. 4, 2, 11:
Galliam potius esse Ariovisti quam populi Romani,
Caes. B. G. 1, 45.—When the predicates are compared, the verb in the following clause is always in the subj.:
perpessus est omnia potius quam conscios indicaret,
rather than, Cic. Tusc. 2, 22, 52:
in oratione non vis potius quam delectatio postulatur,
Cic. de Or. 2, 78, 317:
privabo potius illum debito testimonio quam id cum meā laude communicem,
id. Ac. 2, 1, 3:
scribam aliquid potius, quam committam ut litterae non reddantur,
id. Att. 5, 6, 2:
nos potius nostro delicto plectemur, quam res publica nostra peccata luat,
Liv. 8, 7, 17:
per interregem comitia habenda potius, quam consulum alter a bello avocaretur,
id. 22, 23, 10; 9, 14, 16.— So with quam ut:
se miliens morituros potius quam ut tantum dedecoris admitti patiantur,
Liv. 4, 2, 8: audeo dicere hoc malo domitos ipsos potius cultores agrorum fore, quam ut armati, etc., id. 2, 34, 11; 6, 28, 8; 9, 14, 7.—But after verbs of willing, wishing (sometimes of declaring), the inf. is used:
dictatore obstinato tollere potius totum e re publicā consulatum, quam promiscuum facere,
Liv. 7, 21, 1; 23, 9, 8; 21, 13, 8: v. Weissenb. ad Liv. 2, 15, 2; Fest. s. v. olivitam, p. 202 Müll.; v. Muuml;ll. ad. loc. p. 203, a. —In an inverted order:
quam potius,
Verg. Copa, 5: quid mihi negotii est eum istis nugacibus, quam potius potamus mulsum? C. Titius ap. Macr. S. 2, 12.—Sometimes potius is to be supplied:
tacita, bona est mulier semper, quam loquens,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 70; id. Men. 5, 1, 26:
tamen statuit congredi, quam cum tantis copiis refugere,
Nep. Dat. 8, 1.—Pleon., with words which already express comparison.— Comp., Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 19:
Uticae potius quam Romae esse malle,
Cic. Lig. 2, 5:
favorabiliores rei potius, quam actores habentur,
Dig. 50, 17, 167.—
2.
Esp., introducing a repetition of a thought in a corrected or strengthened form: aut potius, vel potius, or rather, or I may better say, etc.:
efficiet enim ratio ut... mors aut malum non sit, aut sit bonum potius,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 11, 23:
quam fuit imbecillus P. Africani filius, quam tenui aut nullā potius valetudine,
id. Sen. 11, 35:
erravit aut potius insanivit Apronius?
id. Verr. 2, 3, 48, § 113:
Cato magnus hercule homo, vel potius summus et singularis vir,
id. Brut. 85, 293; Dig. 1, 5, 16.—
B.
Sup.: pŏtissĭmē ( pŏtissŭ-), and more freq. pŏtissĭmum ( pŏtissŭ-), chiefly, principally, especially, in preference to all others, above all, most of all (class.).—Form potissime, Cels. 3, 6.—Form potissimum:
responde, quo leto censes me ut peream potissimum?
Plaut. Merc. 2, 4, 15; Ter. And. 2, 6, 23:
exsistat aliquis et potissimum Caecus ille,
Cic. Cael. 14, 33; id. Mur. 2, 4:
nos id potissimum consecuti sumus,
id. Tusc. 5, 4, 11:
tanta erat contentio, qui potissimum ex magno numero conscenderent, ut,
Caes. B. C. 2, 43:
quid agam? aut quo potissimum infelix accedam?
Sall. J. 14, 15; Auct. Her. 3, 2, 2; Lact. 2, 18, 3.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > potissumum
107 normal

1. n нормальное состояние

normal web edge position — нормальное положение кромки ленты

normal law of errors — нормальный закон распределения ошибок

normal fermentation — нормально протекающий процесс брожения

normal distribution curve — кривая нормального распределения

log normal distribution — логически нормальное распределение

2. n нормальный, стандартный тип, образец, размер

normal trading unit — стандартная партия в биржевой торговле

the normal tick-tack of the heart — нормальное сердцебиение

normal operating draft — нормальная эксплуатационная осадка

normal auditory sensation area — зона нормальной слышимости

due to normal tear and wear — вследствие нормального износа

3. n хим. нормальный раствор

conjuctive normal form — конъюктивная нормальная форма; КНФ

normal value of gravity — нормальное значение силы тяжести

normal running speed — нормальная рабочая частота вращения

continuous normal rating — нормальная длительная мощность

normal serum method — метод расчета по нормальной плазме

4. n мат. нормаль, перпендикуляр

normal line — нормаль

face normal — лицевая нормаль

normal of impact — нормаль удара

unit normal vector — орт нормали

outer normal line — внешняя нормаль

5. n метеор. среднее многолетнее значение параметра

normal annual runoff — средний многолетний сток, норма стока

normal standard — средний норматив

normal key — гамма средних тонов

6. n мед. нормальная температура

normal operating period — период нормальной эксплуатации

normal control — нормальное положение органов управления

implicative normal form — импликативная нормальная форма

disjunctive normal form — дизъюнктивная нормальная форма

tool normal rake — нормальный передний угол инструмента

7. n текст. полушерстяной трикотаж

8. a нормальный, обыкновенный; обычный

normal intelligence — нормальные умственные способности

normal fare — обычный тариф

normal cut — нормальный срез

normal data — обычные данные

normal weld — нормальный шов

normal pitch — нормальный шаг

9. a психически нормальный

his is perfectly normal — он совершенно нормален

principal normal stress — главное нормальное напряжение

normal probability law — нормальный закон распределения

normal operational behaviour — нормальный рабочий режим

normal law of composition — нормальный закон композиции

normal course of business — нормальное развитие бизнеса

10. a стандартный, нормальный; типовой

normal conditions — нормальные условия работы

normal skin — нормальная кожа

normal force — нормальная сила

normal form — нормальная форма

normal mode — нормальный режим

normal series — нормальный ряд

11. a средний

normal country — среднепересечённая местность

normal salt — средняя соль

12. a плановый; расчётный

normal barrage — плановый заградительный огонь

normal load — запроектированная нагрузка

normal maintenance traffic — плановый подвоз

13. a мат. перпендикулярный; нормальный

normal cross-section — поперечное сечение, сечение, перпендикулярное оси

normal to stratification — перпендикулярный к напластованию

in normal use and service — при нормальной эксплуатации

testing normal cases — испытание в нормальных условиях

normal to the surface — перпендикулярный к поверхности

normal charge condition — "батарея нормально заряжена"

14. a стат. имеющий нормальное распределение

normal uranium — природный уран

normal wear — нормальный износ

normal flavor — нормальный вкус

normal hair — нормальные волосы

normal shot — нормальный снаряд

normal slope — нормальный уклон

Синонимический ряд:

1. healthy (adj.) healthy; in good health; sound; whole

2. routine (adj.) methodical; orderly; regular; routine

3. sane (adj.) all there; compos mentis; lucid; rational; reasonable; right; right-minded; sane; wholesome

4. usual (adj.) average; common; commonplace; customary; general; matter-of-course; natural; ordinary; prevalent; run-of-the-mill; standard; traditional; typic; typical; usual

Антонимический ряд:

abnormal

English-Russian base dictionary > normal
108 κύριος

1
I. κύριος, ία, ιον(Pind. et al.; ins, pap) comp. κυριώτερος (Just., A II, 13, 3); superl. κυριώτατος (Just., D. 11, 2); adv. κυρίως. The primary mng. relates to possession of power or authority, in various senses: ‘strong, authoritative, valid, ruling’; then to that which is preeminently important principal, essential (Aeschyl. et al.; 4 Macc 1:19; Jos., Ant. 20, 41, C. Ap. 1, 19; 2, 177; Just.; Ath. 22:2) τὸ δὲ κυριώτερον but what is more important IMg 1:2 (cp. Diog. L. 4, 26 ἐν τῷ κυρίῳ=quite definitely).—DELG.
2
II. κύριος, ου, ὁ (the masc. form of the subst. adj. κύριος [s. I], Aeschyl.+; Appian, Bell. Civ. 4, 92 §385 [=ὁ τὸ κῦρος ἔχων]; ins, pap, LXX, pseudepigr.; Philo, Joseph., apolog.; loanw. in rabb. For the corresp. fem. s. κυρία.) gener. ‘lord, master’.

① one who is in charge by virtue of possession, owner (X., Symp. 6, 1; Diod S 4, 15, 3; 14, 7, 6; ins, pap, LXX) κ. πάντων Gal 4:1 (Diod S 33, 7, 1; Philostrat., Vi. Apoll. 1, 13 p. 12, 10 of one who has come of age and controls his own property).

ⓐ of things w. impers. obj. κ. τοῦ ἀμπελῶνος owner of the vineyard (cp. SIG 742, 6 κ. τῆς χώρας) Mt 20:8; 21:40; Mk 12:9; Lk 20:13, 15; ὁ κ. τῆς οἰκίας the master of the house (Ex 22:7; SIG 1215, 28; PTebt 5, 147 [118 B.C.] τοὺς κ. τῶν οἰκιῶν) Mk 13:35. Of a πῶλος: οἱ κ. αὐτοῦ its owners (PHib 34, 3 a span of oxen; Ex 21:29 [αὐτοῦ=τοῦ ταύρου]) Lk 19:33 (ASouter, Exp. 8th ser., 8, 1914, 94f, in connection w. the pl. here and Ac 16:16, 19 thinks of the owners as man and wife; the pl. οἱ κύριοι has this mng. Diod S 34 + 35, Fgm. 2, 10 and 2, 37: a married couple who are slave-owners. On the other hand in the Syntipas collection of Aesop’s Fables 16 p. 534 P. οἱ κύριοι of a dog are a number of metalworkers. On Hebr. background for possible understanding of the pl. in the sing. sense ‘owner’, s. RButh, JBL 104, ’86, 680–85.). The mng. owner easily passes into that of lord, master, one who has full control of someth. (Diod S 5, 42, 5 θανάτου κύριοι=lords over [life and] death; 10, 17, 1 and 2 κ. τοῦ σώματος=master of one’s own body; Ptolem., Apotel. 3, 11, 10 ὁ κ. τῆς ζωῆς; PsSol 2:29 κ. γῆς καὶ θαλάσσης; Philo, Spec. Leg. 3, 67; Jos., C. Ap. 2, 200) ὁ κ. τοῦ θερισμοῦ the Lord of the harvest (Jos., Ant.4, 227 κύριος ἔστω τὰ φυτὰ καρποῦσθαι) Mt 9:38; Lk 10:2. κ. τοῦ σαββάτου Lord of the Sabbath Mt 12:8; Mk 2:28; Lk 6:5.

ⓑ w. a personal obj.: opp. δοῦλος J 13:16; foll. by gen. of pers. (cp. Judg 19:11; Gen 24:36; TestSol 22:5; TestJob 7:9; TestGad 4:4; JosAs 4:14) Mt 10:24f; 18:31f; 24:48; Lk 12:36. ὁ κ. τοῦ δούλου Lk 12:46. Abs., though the sense is unmistakable (Diod S 8, 5, 3; ApcEsdr 3:14 p. 27, 27f Tdf.) 12:37, 42b; 14:23; J 15:15; cp. Ro 14:4a; Eph 6:9a; Col 4:1. Several masters of the same slave (Billerb. I 430.—TestJos 14:2): δυσὶν κυρίοις δουλεύειν Mt 6:24; Ac 16:16, 19 (s. Souter under a above). κατὰ σάρκα designates more definitely the sphere in which the service-relation holds true οἱ κατὰ σάρκα κ. Eph 6:5; Col 3:22. As a form of address used by slaves κύριε Mt 13:27; 25:20, 22, 24; Lk 13:8; 14:22; 19:16, 18, 20, 25.

② one who is in a position of authority, lord, master

ⓐ of earthly beings, as a designation of any pers. of high position: of husband in contrast to wife 1 Pt 3:6 (Gen 18:12; TestAbr A 15 p. 95, 15 [Stone p. 38]; ApcMos 2. cp. Plut., De Virt. Mul. 15 p. 252b; SIG 1189, 7; 1190, 5; 1234, 1); of a father by his son Mt 21:29 (cp. BGU 423, 2 Ἀπίων Ἐπιμάχῳ τῷ πατρὶ καὶ κυρίῳ; 818, 1; 28; Gen 31:35; by his daughter TestJob 46:2; JosAs 4:5); of an official in high position, by those who have dealings with him (cp. PFay 106, 15; 129, 1; 134, 2; BGU 648, 16) Mt 27:63. As a form of address to respected pers. gener.; here, as elsewhere, = our sir (as Mod. Gk.) Mt 25:11; J 12:21; 20:15 (but s. NWyatt, ZNW 81, ’90, 38); Ac 16:30; Rv 7:14 (cp. Epict. 3, 23, 11; 19; Gen 23:6; 44:18; TestAbr A 2 p. 78, 33 [Stone p. 4]; JosAs 7:8 al.). The distinctive Gr-Rom. view of ‘deified’ rulers requires treatment under 2bβ.

ⓑ of transcendent beings

α. as a designation of God (for this custom, which has its roots in the Orient, s. the references in Ltzm., Hdb. exc. on Ro 10:9; Bousset, Kyrios Christos² 1921, 95–98; Dssm., LO 298f [LAE 353ff]; s. also SEG XXXVI, 350 and add. ins cited by DZeller, DDD 918f; LXX (where it freq. replaces the name Yahweh in the Mt); pseudepigr.; Philo, Just.; Hippol. Ref. 8, 17, 1; Orig., C. Cels. 1, 35, 6.—FDoppler, D. Wort ‘Herr’ als Göttername im Griech.: Opusc. philol. v. kath. akad. Philologenverein in Wien I 1926, 42–47; MParca, ASP 31, ’91, 51 [lit.]) ὁ κ. Mt 5:33; Mk 5:19; Lk 1:6, 9, 28, 46; 2:15, 22; Ac 4:26 (Ps 2:2); 7:33; 8:24; Eph 6:7 (perh. w. ref. to Christ); 2 Th 3:3; 2 Ti 1:16, 18; Hb 8:2; Js 1:7; 4:15. Without the art. (on the inclusion or omission of the art. s. BWeiss [θεός, beg.]; B-D-F §254, 1; Mlt-Turner 174), like a personal name (οὐδένα κύριον ὀνομνάζουσι πλὴν τὸν θεόν Hippol. Ref. 9, 26, 2) Mt 27:10; Mk 13:20; Lk 1:17, 58; Ac 7:49; Hb 7:21 (Ps 109:4); 12:6 (Pr 3:12); 2 Pt 2:9; Jd 5 (θεὸς Χριστός P⁷²); 9. ἄγγελος κυρίου (LXX, TestSol, GrBar et al.) Mt 1:20, 24; 2:13, 19; 28:2; Lk 1:11; 2:9a; J 5:3 v.l.; Ac 5:19; 7:30 v.l.; 8:26; 12:7, 23. δόξα κυρίου (Is 40:5; PsSol 5:19; 7:31; TestLevi 8:11; ApcMos 37) Lk 2:9b; δούλη κ. 1:38; ἡμέρα κ. Ac 2:20 (Jo 3:4); νόμος κ. Lk 2:23f, 39; τὸ ὄνομα κ. Mt 21:9 (Ps 117:26; PsSol 6:1 al.); Ac 2:21 (Jo 3:5); πνεῦμα κ. Lk 4:18 (Is 61:1); Ac 8:39; τὸ ῥῆμα κ. 1 Pt 1:25 (Gen 15:1 al.); φωνὴ κ. (Gen 3:8 al.); Ac 7:31; χεὶρ κ. (Ex 9:3 al.; TestJob 26:4; ApcMos prol.) Lk 1:66. ὁ Χριστὸς κυρίου 2:26 (PsSol 17:32 [Χριστὸς κύριος, s. app.]).—W. the sphere of his lordship more definitely expressed (Diod S 3, 61, 5 Zeus is κ. τοῦ σύμπαντος κόσμου; 6 θεὸς καὶ κ. εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα τοῦ σύμπαντος κόσμου; Jos., Ant. 20, 90 τῶν πάντων κ.; Just., D. 127, 2 κ. τῶν πάντων) κ. τοῦ οὐρανοῦ καὶ τῆς γῆς (PGM 4, 640f; ParJer 5:32 [Harris]) Mt 11:25; Lk 10:21; cp. Ac 17:24. κ. τῶν κυριευόντων Lord of lords 1 Ti 6:15. ὁ κ. ἡμῶν 1:14; 2 Pt 3:15; Rv 11:15 (LXX; PsSol 10:5). Cp. 22:6 (s. Num 16:22; 27:16). κ. ὁ θεός Lk 1:32; Rv 1:8; with μου (σου, etc.) Mt 4:7 (Dt 6:16), 10 (Dt 6:13); 22:37 (Dt 6:5); Mk 12:29f (Dt 6:4f); Lk 1:16 al. κ. ὁ θεὸς τοῦ Ἰσραήλ 1:68 (PsSol 16:3; TestSol 1:13). κ. ὁ θεὸς (ἡμῶν) ὁ παντοκράτωρ God, the (our) Lord, the Almighty Rv 4:8; 15:3; 16:7; 19:6; 21:22 (TestSol D 4:7; cp. ParJer 9:6). κ. Σαβαώθ Ro 9:29 (Is 1:9; TestSol 1:6 al.; Just., D. 64, 2); Js 5:4.—W. prep. ἐνώπιον τοῦ κυρίου Lk 1:15 (Ex 23:17; 1 Km 1:25 al.; TestJob 15:6 al.; TestReub 1:9 al.). παρὰ κυρίου Mt 21:42; Mk 12:11 (both Ps 117:23). παρὰ κυρίῳ 2 Pt 3:8. πρὸς τὸν κύριον Hs 9, 12, 6 (LXX; PsSol 1:1 al.).

β. Closely connected w. the custom of applying the term κ. to deities is that of honoring (deified) rulers with the same title (exx. [2bα beg.] in Ltzm., op. cit.; Bousset 93; Dssm., 299ff [LAE 356]; FKattenbusch, Das apostol. Symbol II 1900, 605ff; KPrümm, Herrscherkult u. NT: Biblica 9, 1928, 3–25; 119–40; 289–301; JFears, RAC XIV, 1047–93; JvanHenten, 1341–52 [lit.]; cp. the attitude of the Lacedaemonians: φοβούμενοι τὸν ἕνα κ. αὐτῶν τὸν Λυκούργου νόμον=‘respecting their one and only lord, the law of Lycurgus’ Orig., C. Cels. 8, 6, 12). Fr. the time of Claudius (POxy. 37, 6; O. Wilck II 1038, 6) we find the Rom. emperors so designated in increasing measure; in isolated cases, even earlier (OGI 606, 1; on Augustus’ attitude s. DioCass. 51, 7f). Ac 25:26.—On deified rulers in gener. s. LCerfaux-JTondriau, Un concurrent du Christianisme: le culte des souverains dans la civilisation gréco-romaine ’57; FTaeger, Charisma, 2 vols. ’57–60; DRoloff, Göttlichkeit, Vergöttlichung und Erhöhung zu seligem Leben, ’70. S. esp. the collection of articles and reviews by various scholars, in Römischer Kaiserkult, ed. AWlosok ’78.

γ. κύριος is also used in ref. to Jesus:

א. in OT quotations, where it is understood of the Lord of the new community ἡ ὁδὸς κ. (Is 40:3) Mt 3:3; Mk 1:3; Lk 3:4; J 1:23. εἶπεν κύριος τ. κυρίῳ μου (Ps 109:1: the first κ. is God, the second Christ; s. Billerb. IV 452–65: Der 110. Ps. in d. altrabb. Lit.; βασιλεὺς αὐτῶν χριστὸς κ. [or κυρίου; s. 2bα] PsSol 17:32) Mt 22:44 (cp. vss. 43, 45); Mk 12:36 (cp. vs. 37); Lk 20:42 (cp. vs. 44); Ac 2:34. ὁ καυχώμενος ἐν κυρίῳ καυχάσθω 1 Cor 1:31 (cp. Jer 9:22f). τὸ ὄνομα κυρίου Ro 10:13 (cp. Jo 3:5). σὺ κατʼ ἀρχάς, κύριε, τὴν γῆν ἐθεμελίωσας Hb 1:10 (cp. Ps 101:26). εἰ ἐγεύσασθε ὅτι χρηστὸς ὁ κύριος 1 Pt 2:3 (cp. Ps 33:9). 1 Pt 3:15 adds Χριστόν to κύριον ἁγιάσατε Is 8:13.

ב. Apart from OT quots., Mt and Mk speak of Jesus as κύριος only in one pass. (words of Jesus himself) Mk 11:3=Mt 21:3 (but s. RBratcher, ET 64, ’52/53, 93; New Docs 1, 43; JDerrett, NovT 13, ’71, 241–58 on the public transport system; cp. Lk 19:31, 34), but they record that he was addressed as ‘Lord’ (κύριε), once in Mk (7:28) and more oft. in Mt, e.g. 8:2, 6, 8, 21, 25; 9:28; 14:28, 30; 15:22, 25, 27; 16:22 (also ApcSed 12:2).—Lk refers to Jesus much more frequently as ὁ κ. (Iren. 1, prol. 2 [Harv. I 4, 5] and 5, 26, 2 [Harv. II 396, 2]): 7:13; 10:1, 39 (Ἰησοῦ P⁷⁵; τοῦ Ἰησοῦ P⁴⁵ et al.), 41; 11:39; 12:42a; 13:15; 17:5f; 18:6; 19:8 al. The voc. κύριε is also found oft.: 5:8, 12; 9:54, 61; 10:17, 40; 11:1; 12:41 al.—In J the designation ὁ κ. occurs rarely, in the first 19 chapters only in passages that are text-critically uncertain (4:1 v.l.; 6:23, with omission in some mss.) or that have been suspected on other grounds (11:2); then 20:2, 18, 20, 25; cp. vss. 13, 28; 21:7ab, 12. On the other hand, κύριε in address is extraordinarily common throughout the whole book: 4:11, 15, 19, 49; 5:7; 6:34, 68 al. (more than 30 times).—In the long ending of Mk we have the designation ὁ κ. twice, 16:19, 20. In GPt ὁ κ. occurs 1:2; 2:3ab; 3:6, 8; 4:10; 5:19; 6:21, 24; 12:50ab; 14:59, 60 (in the last pass. without the art.); the fragment that has been preserved hardly affords any opportunity for the use of the voc. 2 Cl introduces apocryphal sayings of Jesus with λέγει ὁ κ. 5:2; λ. ὁ κ. ἐν τ. εὐαγγελίῳ 8:5.—Repeated κύριε, κύριε Mt 7:21f; Lk 6:46; 2 Cl 4:2 (TestAbr A 9 p. 86, 26 [Stone p. 20]; ApcMos 25 p. 14, 1 Tdf.; s. KKöhler, StKr 88, 1915, 471–90).

ג. Even in the passages already mentioned the use of the word κ. raises Jesus above the human level (Mani is also κ. for his people: Kephal. I 183, 11; 13; 16); this tendency becomes even clearer in the following places: ὁ κύριος Ac 5:14; 9:10f, 42; 11:23f; 22:10b; Ro 12:11; 14:8; 1 Cor 6:13f, 17; 7:10, 12; 2 Cor 5:6, 8; Gal 1:19; Col 1:10; 1 Th 4:15b; 2 Th 3:1; Hb 2:3; Js 5:7f; B 5:5; IEph 10:3; AcPl Ha 6, 21; 7, 5; 27; 8, 2; AcPlCor 1:6, 14.—Without the art. 1 Cor 4:4; 7:22b; 10:21ab; 2 Cor 12:1; 1 Th 4:15a; 2 Ti 2:24; AcPlCor 1:8. So esp. in combinations w. preps.: ἀπὸ κυρίου Col 3:24. κατὰ κύριον 2 Cor 11:17. παρὰ κυρίου Eph 6:8. πρὸς κύριον 2 Cor 3:16; AcPl Ha 6, 9. πρὸς τὸν κ. 8, 23. σὺν κυρίῳ 1 Th 4:17b. ὑπὸ κυρίου 1 Cor 7:25b; 2 Th 2:13. Esp. freq. is the Pauline formula ἐν κυρίῳ (lit. on ἐν 4c), which appears outside Paul’s letters only Rv 14:13; IPol 8:3; AcPl Ha 3, 23; AcPlCor 1:1, 16 (cp. Pol 1:1 ἐν κυρίῳ ἡμῶν Ἰ. Χριστῷ): 1 Cor 11:11; Phlm 16; πιστὸς ἐν κ. 1 Cor 4:17; cp. Eph 6:21; Hm 4, 1, 4; φῶς ἐν κ. Eph 5:8. ἡ σφραγίς μου τ. ἀποστολῆς ὑμεῖς ἐστε ἐν κ. 1 Cor 9:2. W. verbs: ἀσπάζεσθαι Ro 16:22 (GBahr, CBQ 28, ’66, 465f renders: in the service of my master, i.e. Paul); 1 Cor 16:19. ἐνδυναμοῦσθαι Eph 6:10. καλεῖσθαι 1 Cor 7:22a. καυχᾶσθαι 1:31. κοπιᾶν Ro 16:12ab; μαρτύρεσθαι Eph 4:17. παραλαμβάνειν διακονίαν Col 4:17. πεποιθέναι εἴς τινα Gal 5:10. ἐπί τινα 2 Th 3:4; cp. Phil 1:14; 2:24. προί̈στασθαι 1 Th 5:12. προσδέχεσθαι Ro 16:2; Phil 2:29. στήκειν 4:1; 1 Th 3:8. ὑπακούειν Eph 6:1. τὸ αὐτὸ φρονεῖν Phil 4:2. θύρας μοι ἀνεῳγμένης ἐν κ. 2 Cor 2:12.—W. διδάσκαλος J 13:13f. W. σωτήρ 2 Pt 3:2; cp. 1:11; 2:20 (Just., D. 39, 2). W. Χριστός Ac 2:36; cp. Χριστὸς κύριος (La 4:20; PsSol 17, 32 v.l. [GBeale, Christos Kyrios in PsSol 17:32—‘The Lord’s Anointed’ Reconsidered: NTS 31, ’85, 620–27]; PsSol 18 ins) Lk 2:11. ὁ κ. Χριστός AcPlCor 2:3. Esp. freq. are the formulas ὁ κ. Ἰησοῦς Ac 1:21; 4:33; 8:16; 11:20; 15:11; 16:31; 19:5, 13, 17; 20:24, 35; 21:13; 1 Cor 11:23; 16:23; 2 Cor 4:14; 11:31; Gal 6:17 v.l.; Eph 1:15; 1 Th 2:15; 4:2; 2 Th 1:7; 2:8; Phlm 5.—ὁ κ. Ἰησοῦς Χριστός Ac 11:17; 28:31; Ro 13:14; 2 Cor 13:13; Phil 4:23; 2 Th 3:6; Phlm 25; 1 Cl 21:6 (Ar. 15, 1). Without the art. mostly in introductions to letters Ro 1:7; 1 Cor 1:3; 2 Cor 1:2; Gal 1:3; Eph 1:2; 6:23; Phil 1:2; 3:20; 1 Th 1:1; 2 Th 1:2, 12b; 1 Ti 5:21 v.l.; Js 1:1; Χριστὸς Ἰησοῦς κ. 2 Cor 4:5; Χριστὸς Ἰησοῦς ὁ κ. Col 2:6. Χριστὸς ὁ κ. 2 Cl 9:5. In an appeal κύριε Ἰησοῦ (cp. Sb 8316, 5f κύριε Σάραπι; PGM 7, 331 κύριε Ἄνουβι) Ac 7:59; Rv 22:20. κύριε AcPl Ha 7:30f, 40.—W. gen. of pers. (in many places the mss. vary considerably in adding or omitting this gen.) ὁ κ. μου ISm 5:2. ὁ κ. ἡμῶν 2 Ti 1:8; Hb 7:14; IPhld ins; ὁ κ. ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦς Ac 20:21; 1 Cor 5:4; 2 Cor 1:14; 1 Th 2:19; 3:11, 13; 2 Th 1:8; Hb 13:20. Ἰησοῦς ὁ κ. ἡμῶν 1 Cor 9:1. ὁ κ. ἡμῶν Χριστός Ro 16:18 (the only pass. in Paul without Ἰησοῦς). ὁ κ. ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦς Χριστός Ac 15:26; Ro 5:1, 11; 15:6, 30; 1 Cor 1:2, 7f, 10; 6:11 v.l.; 15:57; 2 Cor 1:3; 8:9; Gal 6:14, 18; Eph 1:3; 5:20; 6:24; Col 1:3; 1 Th 1:3; 5:9, 23, 28; 2 Th 2:1, 14, 16; 3:18; 1 Ti 6:3, 14; Js 2:1; 1 Pt 1:3; 2 Pt 1:8, 14, 16; Jd 4, 17, 21 (also TestSol 1:12 D). ὁ κ. ἡμῶν Χριστός Ἰησοῦς AcPlCor 2:5; cp. AcPl Ha 8, 17=Ox 1602, 20f/BMM recto 22. Ἰησοῦς Χριστὸς ὁ κ. ἡμῶν Ro 1:4; 5:21; 7:25; 1 Cor 1:9; Jd 25 (Just., D. 41, 4). (ὁ) Χριστὸς Ἰησοῦς ὁ κ. ἡμῶν Ro 6:11 v.l., 23; 8:39; 1 Cor 15:31; Eph 3:11; 1 Ti 1:2, 12; 2 Ti 1:2 (ὁ ἡμέτερος κ. Χριστὸς Ἰησοῦς Just., D. 32, 3 and 47, 5 al.). Χριστὸς Ἰησοῦς ὁ κ. μου Phil 3:8. ὁ κ. μου Χριστὸς Ἰησοῦς AcPl Ha 7, 29. ὁ κ. αὐτῶν Rv 11:8.—W. other genitives: πάντων κ. Lord over all (cp. Pind., I. 5, 53 Ζεὺς ὁ πάντων κ.; Plut., Mor. 355e Osiris; PGM 13, 202) Ac 10:36; Ro 10:12. κ. κυρίων (cp. En 9:4) Rv 17:14; 19:16.—That ‘Jesus is κύριο’ (perh. ‘our κύριος is Jesus’) is the confession of the (Pauline) Christian church: Ro 10:9; 1 Cor 12:3; cp. 8:6; Phil 2:11 (on the latter pass. s. under ἁρπαγμός and κενόω 1. Cp. also Diod S 5, 72, 1: after Zeus was raised ἐκ γῆς εἰς τὸν οὐρανόν, there arose in the ψυχαῖς of all those who had experienced his benefactions, the belief ὡς ἁπάντων τῶν γινομένων κατὰ οὐρανὸν οὗτος εἴη κύριος; s. also 3, 61, 6 Zeus acclaimed ‘God and Lord’).—In J the confession takes the form ὁ κύριός μου καὶ ὁ θεός μου J 20:28 (on the combination of κύριος and θεός s. θεός, beg., and 3c).—JFitzmyer, The Semitic Background of the NT Kyrios-Title: A Wandering Aramaean—Collected Aramaic Essays ’79, 115–42; s. also 87–90.

δ. In some places it is not clear whether God or Christ is meant, cp. Ac 9:31; 1 Cor 4:19; 7:17; 2 Cor 8:21; Col 3:22b; 1 Th 4:6; 2 Th 3:16 al.

ε. of other transcendent beings

א. an angel Ac 10:4 (JosAs 14:6 al.; GrBar 4:1 al.; ApcZeph). p. 129 Denis.

ב. in contrast to the one κύριος of the Christians there are θεοὶ πολλοὶ καὶ κύριοι πολλοί many gods and many lords 1 Cor 8:5 (cp. Dt 10:17); we cannot say just what difference, if any, Paul makes betw. these θεοί and κύριοι; unless we have here an hendiadys, the apostle may imply that the κ. are of lower rank than the θ. (sim. Did., Gen. 248, 5. On the many θεοί and lesser divinities cp. Maximus Tyr. 11, 5ab θεὸς εἷς πάντων βασιλεὺς κ. πατήρ, κ. θεοὶ πολλοί, θεοῦ παῖδες [= δαίμονες 11, 12a], συνάρχοντες θεοῦ. Ταῦτα κ. ὁ Ἕλλην λέγει, κ. ὁ βάρβαρος; 8, 8ef. Also Diog. L. 8, 23 the saying of Pythagoras, that humankind must τοὺς θεοὺς δαιμόνων προτιμᾶν=honor the deities more than the divinities or demi-gods δαίμονες; Heraclitus, Fgm. 5 divides the celestial realm into θεοὶ καὶ ἥρωες. S. also κυριότης 3 and, in a way, PGM 36, 246 κύριοι ἄγγελοι; s. also θεός 1).—On the whole word s. WGraf Baudissin, Kyrios als Gottesname im Judentum u. s. Stelle in d. Religionsgesch., 4 vols. 1926–29; SvenHerner, Die Anwendung d. Wortes κ. im NT 1903; Dssm., LO 298ff [LAE 353ff]; BBacon, Jesus as Lord: HTR 4, 1911, 204–28; WHeitmüller, ZNW 13, 1912, 333ff; HBöhlig, D. Geisteskultur v. Tarsos 1913, 53ff, Zum Begriff κύριος bei Pls: ZNW 14, 1913, 23ff, ʼΕν κυρίῳ: Heinrici Festschr. 1914, 170ff; WBousset, Kyrios Christos² 1921 [Engl. tr. JSteely ’70]; PWern-le, ZTK 25, 1915, 1–92; PAlthaus, NKZ 26, 1915, 439ff; 513ff; Heitmüller, ZTK 25, 1915, 156ff; Bousset, Jesus der Herr 1916; GVos, The Continuity of the Kyrios Title in the NT: PTR 13, 1915, 161–89, The Kyrios Christos Controversy: ibid. 15, 1917, 21–89; EWeber, Zum Gebrauch der κύριος-Bez.: NKZ 31, 1920, 254ff; ERohde, Gottesglaube u. Kyriosglaube bei Paulus: ZNW 22, 1923, 43ff; RSeeberg, D. Ursprung des Christenglaubens 1914; JWeiss, D. Urchristentum 1917, 351ff; Ltzm., Hdb. exc. on Ro 10:9; Burton, ICC Gal 1921, 399–404; WFoerster, Herr ist Jesus 1924; AFrövig, D. Kyriosglaube des NTs 1928; ELohmeyer, Kyr. Jesus 1928; EvDobschütz, Κύριος Ἰησοῦς: ZNW 30, ’31, 97–123 (lit.); OMichel, D. Christus des Pls: ZNW 32, ’33, 6–31; also 28, 1929, 324–33; Dodd 9–11; LCerfaux, ‘Kyrios’ dans les citations paul. de l’AT: ETL 20, ’43, 5–17; FGrant, An Introd. to NT Thought ’50, 130–37; PÉLangevin, Jésus Seigneur ’67; IPotterie, BRigaux Festschr. ’70, 117–46 (Luke); JKingsbury, JBL 94, ’75, 246–55 (Mt); FDanker, Luke ’87, 60–81; DZeller, 925–28 (lit.).—B. 1330. Schürer II 326. DELG. M-M. EDNT. TW. Spicq. Sv.

Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > κύριος
109 преимущество

(см. также достоинство, недостаток) advantage, preference, the benefits of, the advantages of
• ... имеют многочисленные преимущества. - The advantages of... are manifold/numerous/many.

• Важное преимущество (3.7) по отношению (3.3) состоит в том, что... - The important advantage of (3.7) over (3.3) is that...

• Важное преимущество такой переформулировки состоит в том, что... - An important advantage of this reformulation is that...

• Возможно, лишь небольшое преимущество будет достигнуто (путем)... - There is perhaps little advantage to be gained by...

• Главное преимущество данного метода заключается в том, что... - The chief advantage of the method is that...

• Главное преимущество данной процедуры по сравнению с традиционными методами состоит в том, что... - The major advantage of this procedure over the traditional method is that...

• Главное преимущество соотношения (5) состоит в том, что... - The principal advantage of (5) is that...

• Главным преимуществом данного метода имеется его общность. - The principal advantage of the method is its generality.

• Главным преимуществом данного метода является его простота. - The principal virtue of the method is its simplicity.

• Данный метод имеет много важных преимуществ. - The method has many important advantages.

• Как мы увидим, такое обозначение имеет несколько преимуществ, особенно когда... - This notation has several advantages, as we shall see, especially when...

• Каковы преимущества данной процедуры? - What are the advantages of this procedure?

• Метод обладает очевидным преимуществом... - The method possesses the obvious advantage of...

• Мы не видим никаких существенных преимуществ в использовании... - There would seem to be little advantage in using...

• Мы проиллюстрируем преимущества и недостатки (чего-л). - We will illustrate the advantages and disadvantages of...

• Наиболее важным преимуществом данной процедуры является то, что... - The primary advantage of this procedure is that...

• Наконец, для некоторых целей могло бы принести преимущества... - Finally, it might be advantageous for some purposes to...

• Находится под вопросом, может ли эта процедура дать какие-либо реальные преимущества. - It is doubtful that this procedure can be used to any real advantage.

• Нет никаких особых преимуществ в использовании... - There is no special merit in using...

• Одним из преимуществ этой процедуры является то, что... - One advantage of this procedure is that...

• Основное преимущество метода состоит в его простоте. - The main advantage of the procedure lies in its simplicity.

• Отличительным преимуществом данной процедуры является то, что... - A distinct advantage of the procedure is that...

• Очевидно, это было бы огромным преимуществом, если... - It would obviously be a great advantage if...

• Первым преимуществом данной процедуры является то, что становится легче... - The first advantage of this procedure is that it is easier to...

• Перед тем, как использовать его (метода) преимущество, мы должны... - Before taking advantage of this, we must...

• Потенциальное преимущество данной процедуры состоит в том, что... - A potential advantage of this procedure lies in the fact that...

• Преимущество этого выбора состоит в том, что... - The advantage of this choice is that...

• Преимущество этого метода заключается в том, что... - The advantage of this method lies in the fact that...

• Преимущество этой процедуры состоит в том, что... - The advantage of this procedure is that...

• Преимущество этой процедуры, следовательно, состоит в том, что она обеспечивает простой... - The advantage of this procedure, therefore, is that it provides a simple...

• Преимуществом уравнения (3) является то, что оно позволяет... - The advantage of (3) is that it permits...

• Преимуществом этого (метода) является то, что... - The advantage of this is...

• Третье практическое преимущество этой формы состоит в том, что... - A third practical advantage of this form lies in the fact that...

• Фундаментальным преимуществом этой процедуры является то, что... - A fundamental advantage of this procedure is that...

• Использование альтернативной формулы (2) часто имеет свои преимущества. - It is often advantageous to use the alternative formula (2).

• Чтобы воспользоваться преимуществами данной процедуры, необходимо... - In order to take advantage of this procedure, one must...

• Это имеет то преимущество, что становится вполне понятно, что... - This has the advantage of making it quite clear that...

• Это не обязательно является преимуществом, так как... - This is not necessarily an advantage, since...

• Это соотношение имеет то преимущество, что... - This relation has the advantage that...

• Этот подход имеет то преимущество, что... - This approach has the advantage that...

• Этот подход предлагает существенные математические преимущества, потому что... - This approach offers considerable mathematical advajitages, because...

Русско-английский словарь научного общения > преимущество
110 Direktorin

f; -, -nen manageress; director; (Schulleiterin) headmistress, bes. Am. principal

* * *

die Direktorin

(Schule) principal; headmistress;

(Wirtschaft) manageress; director

* * *

Di·rek·to·rin

<-, -nen>

[dirɛkˈto:rɪn]

f fem form von Direktor

* * *

Direktorin f; -, -nen manageress; director; (Schulleiterin) headmistress, besonders US principal

* * *

(Schule) f.

headmistress n. f.

manageress n.

Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > Direktorin
111 entrada5

⁵ = entry, heading, index heading, rubric, index record.

Ex. An entry is a logical grouping of elements arranged in a prescribed order which together constitute a single unit of information to be filed or arranged as such in a register, list, catalogue, etc.

Ex. A heading is the initial element of an entry, used as the principal filing element when the entry is arranged in an alphabetical listing.

Ex. If one word is used out of context as an index heading, plainly it will be difficult to establish the interpretation to be placed on the homograph.

Ex. And, as another instance, it's not fair to employ rubrics for ethnic groups that are not their own, preferred names.

Ex. Subject indexes consist of a series of index records with each record incorporating a word or phrase describing the subject acting as the access point, and further details.

----

* añadir entradas = make + additions.

* entrada alfabética = alphabetico-specific entry, alphabetical index heading.

* entrada alfabética de materia = alphabetical subject entry.

* entrada de autoridades = authority entry.

* entrada de diario = journal entry.

* entrada de forma = form entry.

* entrada de materia = subject entry.

* entrada de nombre = name entry.

* entrada de nombre personal = personal name entry.

* entrada de tesauro = thesaurus entry.

* entrada directa = direct entry.

* entrada ficticia = rogue entry.

* entrada léxica = lexical entry.

* entrada múltiple = multiple entry.

* entrada por el título = title main entry.

* entrada por palabra clave del título = catchword entry.

* entrada principal = main entry.

* entrada recíproca = reciprocal entry.

* entrada secundaria = added entry, additional entry.

* hacer una entrada = make + entry.

* palabra de entrada principal = primary entry word.

Spanish-English dictionary > entrada5
112 formador

adj.

forming, form-giving.

m.

typesetter, compositor.

* * *

- dora masculino, femenino

a) ( de algo) former, shaper

el periodista como formador de opinión — the journalist as opinion shaper

b) ( de personas) formative influence

fue un gran formador de juventudes — he was a great formative influence on young people

una institución que es la principal formadora de científicos — an institution which is the main formative influence on scientists

* * *

= training officer.

Ex. This article describes the experiences of a library training officer whose brief was to build library services from the ground up.

----

* formador de usuarios = bibliographic instructor.

* * *

- dora masculino, femenino

a) ( de algo) former, shaper

el periodista como formador de opinión — the journalist as opinion shaper

b) ( de personas) formative influence

fue un gran formador de juventudes — he was a great formative influence on young people

una institución que es la principal formadora de científicos — an institution which is the main formative influence on scientists

* * *

= training officer.

Ex: This article describes the experiences of a library training officer whose brief was to build library services from the ground up.

* formador de usuarios = bibliographic instructor.

* * *

formador - dora

masculine, feminine

1 (de algo) former, shaper

el periodista como formador de opinión the journalist as opinion shaper

2 (de personas) formative influence

fue un gran formador de juventudes he was a great formative influence on young people

una institución que es la principal formadora de científicos an institution which is the main formative influence on scientists

* * *

formador, -ora

♦ adj

forming, constituting

♦ nm,f

trainer

Spanish-English dictionary > formador
113 nudo

adj.

1 nude, naked.

2 plain.

m.

1 knot (lazo).

hacer un nudo to tie a knot

se le hizo un nudo en la garganta (figurative) she got a lump in her throat

nudo corredizo slipknot

nudo gordiano Gordian knot

2 junction (cruce).

nudo de comunicaciones communications center

3 tie, bond.

4 crux, nub (punto principal).

5 knot.

6 tangle, knots, knot.

7 node.

* * *

nudo

► nombre masculino

1 knot

■ hazme un nudo en este hilo tie a knot in this thread for me

■ ¿me haces el nudo de la corbata? can you tie my tie for me?

2 figurado (vínculo) link, tie

3 (de un argumento) climax

4 (en madera) knot

5 (unidad de velocidad) knot

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

el nudo de la cuestión the heart of the matter

hacer un nudo to tie a knot

hacérsele a uno un nudo en la garganta figurado to get a lump in one's throat

nudo corredizo slipknot

nudo ferroviario junction

nudo gordiano Gordian knot

nudo de carreteras spaghetti junction

nudo marinero sailor's knot

* * *

noun m.

1) knot

2) node

* * *
I
ADJ

nuda propiedad — bare ownership, bare title to property
II
SM

1) [en hilo, cuerda] knot

el nudo de la corbata — the tie knot

no sabe hacerse el nudo de la corbata — he doesn't know how to tie his tie

atar con un nudo — to tie in a knot

- un nudo en la garganta

se me hizo un nudo en la garganta — I got a lump in my throat

nudo corredizo — slipknot

nudo de rizos — reef knot

nudo gordiano — Gordian knot

nudo llano, nudo marinero — reef knot

2) [de carreteras, ferrocarriles] junction

3) (=vínculo) bond, tie

4) [de problema, cuestión] core, crux; [de obra, narración] crisis, point of greatest complexity

5) [en tallo] node; [en madera] knot

* * *

masculino

1)

a) (lazo, atadura) knot

se hizo un nudo en el hilo — the thread got into a knot

¿me haces el nudo de la corbata? — can you tie o do my tie for me?

tenía un nudo en la garganta — I had a lump in my throat

b) (Náut) knot

2) ( en madera) knot; ( en caña) node, joint; (Anat) node

3) (de carreteras, vías férreas) junction

4) ( de trama) climax; ( de problema) crux, heart

* * *

= knot, knot.

Nota: Velocidad marina.

Ex. Often, too, there were knots of badly-beaten fibre visible in the substance of the sheet.

Ex. The built some while ago a diesel-powered engine capable of getaway speeds of more than six knots.

----

* arte de hacer nudos = knotting.

* cortar un nudo gordiano = cut + Gordian knot.

* desatar un nudo = untie + knot.

* deshacer un nudo = untie + knot.

* hacer nudos = knot.

* hacérsele a Uno un nudo en la garganta = get + a lump in + Posesivo + throat.

* hacerse un nudo en la garganta = choking emotion + fill.

* lleno de nudos = gnarly [gnarlier -comp., gnarliest -sup.].

* nudo corredizo = slipknot.

* nudo en el estómago = knot in + Posesivo + stomach.

* nudo en la espalda = knot in + Posesivo + back.

* nudo en la garganta = lump in + Posesivo + throat.

* nudo escurridizo = slipknot.

* * *

masculino

1)

a) (lazo, atadura) knot

se hizo un nudo en el hilo — the thread got into a knot

¿me haces el nudo de la corbata? — can you tie o do my tie for me?

tenía un nudo en la garganta — I had a lump in my throat

b) (Náut) knot

2) ( en madera) knot; ( en caña) node, joint; (Anat) node

3) (de carreteras, vías férreas) junction

4) ( de trama) climax; ( de problema) crux, heart

* * *

= knot, knot.

Nota: Velocidad marina.

Ex: Often, too, there were knots of badly-beaten fibre visible in the substance of the sheet.

Ex: The built some while ago a diesel-powered engine capable of getaway speeds of more than six knots.

* arte de hacer nudos = knotting.

* cortar un nudo gordiano = cut + Gordian knot.

* desatar un nudo = untie + knot.

* deshacer un nudo = untie + knot.

* hacer nudos = knot.

* hacérsele a Uno un nudo en la garganta = get + a lump in + Posesivo + throat.

* hacerse un nudo en la garganta = choking emotion + fill.

* lleno de nudos = gnarly [gnarlier -comp., gnarliest -sup.].

* nudo corredizo = slipknot.

* nudo en el estómago = knot in + Posesivo + stomach.

* nudo en la espalda = knot in + Posesivo + back.

* nudo en la garganta = lump in + Posesivo + throat.

* nudo escurridizo = slipknot.

* * *

nudo

masculine

A (lazo, atadura) knot

se hizo un nudo en el hilo the thread got into a knot o became knotted

haz un nudo flojo aquí tie a loose knot here

¿me haces el nudo de la corbata? can you tie o do my tie for me?

tenía un nudo en la garganta I had o I could feel a lump in my throat

Compuestos:

● nudo corredizo

slipknot

● nudo de rizo

reef knot

● nudo gordiano

Gordian knot

● nudo marinero

reef knot

B

1 (en la madera) knot

2 (en una caña) node, joint

3 ( Anat) node

C ( Transp) (de carreteras) junction; (de transporte aéreo) hub

un nudo ferroviario a railroad o railway junction

D

1 (de una trama) climax

2 (de un problema) crux, heart

E ( Náut) knot

* * *

nudo sustantivo masculino
a) ( en general) knot;

◊ se hizo un nudo en el hilo the thread got into a knot;

¿me haces el nudo de la corbata? can you do my tie for me?;
tenía un nudo en la garganta I had a lump in my throat
b) (de carreteras, vías férreas) junction

nudo sustantivo masculino
1 knot: hay que hacer un nudo, you have to tie a knot
2 (en la madera) knot
3 (dificultad principal) crux, core
nudo gordiano, Gordian knot
4 (de caminos, etc) junction
5 (de angustia, de emoción) tenía un nudo en la garganta, I had a lump in my throat
6 (velocidad en el mar) knot
' nudo' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
corrediza
- corredizo
- deshacer
- deshacerse
- deshecha
- deshecho
- lazo
- marinera
- marinero
- apretar
- desatado
- desatar
- estar
- flojo
- hacer
- intrincado
- rosa
- soltar
- zafar
English:
bow
- form
- knot
- loop
- loose
- loosen
- lump
- reef knot
- tie
- tighten
- undone
- unfasten

* * *

nudo nm

1. [lazo] knot;

hacer un nudo to tie a knot;

se le hizo un nudo en la garganta she got a lump in her throat

Comp
nudo corredizo slipknot;
nudo gordiano Gordian knot;

nudo marinero reef knot

2. [cruce] junction;

un nudo de autopistas a motorway interchange

Comp
nudo de comunicaciones communications centre
3. [en madera] knot

4. [en planta] node

5. [vínculo] tie, bond

6. [punto principal] crux, nub

7. [unidad de velocidad] knot

8. Teatro crisis point, climax

* * *

nudo

m

1 tb BOT knot;

se me hace un nudo en la garganta fam I get a lump in my throat

2

:

nudo ferroviario railroad o Br railway junction

* * *

nudo nm

1) : knot

nudo de rizo: square knot

un nudo en la garganta: a lump in one's throat

2) : node

3) : junction, hub

nudo de comunicaciones: communication center

4) : crux, heart (of a problem, etc.)

* * *

nudo n knot

hacer un nudo to tie un knot

Spanish-English dictionary > nudo
114 poder

m.

1 power (mando, competencia).

estar en/hacerse con el poder to be in/to seize power

poder adquisitivo purchasing power

poder calorífico calorific value

poder de convicción persuasive powers

tener poder de convocatoria to be a crowd-puller

el poder ejecutivo/legislativo/judicial the executive/legislature/judiciary (personas)

poderes fácticos the church, military and press

poderes públicos public authorities

El poder corrompe a los indecisos Power corrupts the undecided.

2 power, authorization.

dar poderes a alguien para que haga algo to authorize somebody to do something

por poderes by proxy

poder notarial power of attorney

3 faculty.

4 proxy, letter of delegation, power of attorney, letter of attorney.

Ella se casó usando un poder She married using a proxy.

v.

1 can, to be able to.

no puedo decírtelo I can't tell you, I'm unable to tell you

2 can, may (tener permiso).

no puedo salir por la noche I'm not allowed to o I can't go out at night

¿puedo fumar aquí? may I smoke here?

¿se puede? may I come in?

3 can (ser capaz moralmente).

no podemos portarnos así con él we can't treat him like that

4 may, can (tener posibilidad, ser posible).

puede estallar la guerra war could o may break out

podías haber ido en tren you could have gone by train

¡podría habernos invitado! she could o might have invited us! (expresa enfado)

puede que llueva it may o might rain

¿vendrás mañana? — puede will you come tomorrow? — I may do

puede ser perhaps, maybe

5 to be stronger than.

tú eres más alto, pero yo te puedo you may be taller than me, but I could still beat you up

6 to can, to may, to be able to, to be apt to.

Ella puede correr She is able to run.

7 to might, to stand to.

Ella podría surgir She might rise above.

8 to be capable.

* * *

PODER

CONJUGACIÓN

Present Indicative

puedo, puedes, puede, podemos, podéis, pueden.

Past Indicative

pude, pudiste, pudo, pudimos, pudisteis, pudieron.

Future Indicative

podré, podrás, podrá, podremos, podréis, podrán.

Conditional

podría, podrías, podría, podríamos, podríais, podrían.

Present Subjunctive

pueda, puedas, pueda, podamos, podáis, puedan.

Imperfect Subjunctive

pudiera, pudieras, pudiera, pudiéramos, pudierais, pudieran;

pudiese, pudieses, pudiese, pudiésemos, pudieseis, pudiesen.

Future Subjunctive

pudiere, pudieres, pudiere, pudiéremos, pudiereis, pudieren.

Imperative

puede (tú), pueda (él/Vd.), podamos (nos.), poded (vos.), puedan (ellos/Vds.).

* * *
1. verb
1) can

2) to be able

3) may
2. noun m.
1) power

2) control

3) possession

4) strength, force

* * *

1. VERBO AUXILIAR

1) (=tener la posibilidad o capacidad de)

yo puedo ayudarte — I can help you

puedo hacerlo solo — I can do it on my own o by myself

¿se puede llamar por teléfono desde aquí? — can you phone from here?

no puede venir — he can't o cannot come

llevo varios días sin poder salir — I haven't been able to go out for several days

no ha podido venir — he couldn't come, he was unable to come

creo que mañana no voy a poder ir — I don't think I'll be able to come tomorrow

este agua no se puede beber — this water isn't fit to drink

2) (=tener permiso para)

puedes irte — you can o may go

¿puedo usar tu teléfono? — can o may I use your phone?

¿puedo abrir la ventana? — can o may I open the window?

aquí no se puede fumar — you aren't allowed to smoke here, you can't smoke here

3) [en peticiones]

¿puedes/puede darme un vaso de agua? — can I/may I have a glass of water please?

¿me puede usted decir cuándo sale el autobús? — can o could you tell me when the bus leaves?

4) [indicando eventualidad]

puede o podría estar en cualquier sitio — it could o might be anywhere

¡cuidado, te puedes hacer daño! — careful, you could o might hurt yourself!

podías haberte roto una pierna — you could o might have broken your leg

puede haber salido — he may have gone out

por lo que pueda pasar — just in case

5) [indicando obligación moral]

¡no pueden tratarnos así! — they can't treat us like this!

bien podrían cuidarla un poco mejor — they really ought to take better care of her

es lo menos que podemos hacer por ellos — it's the least we can do for them

no podíamos dejarlo solo — we couldn't leave him alone

6) [en cálculos, aproximaciones]

¿qué edad puede tener? — I wonder what age he is?, how old do you reckon he is?

puede costar unos cien euros — it could cost as much as a hundred euros

7) [en sugerencias]

podríamos ir al cine — we could go to the cinema

siempre puedes volverlo a intentar — you can always try again later

8) [en reproches]

¡podías habérmelo dicho! — you could o might have told me!

habría podido ser más amable — she could o might have been a bit nicer

¡al menos podrías disculparte! — you could at least say sorry!

2. VERBO INTRANSITIVO

1) (=tener la posibilidad o capacidad)

no puedo — I can't

lo haré si puedo — I'll do it if I can

¡no puedo más! — (=estoy agotado) I can't go on!; (=estoy desesperado) I can't cope any more!; (=he comido mucho) I can't eat another thing!

2) (=tener permiso)

¿se puede? — may I come in?

¿puedo? — may I?

3) (=tener dominio, influencia)

los que pueden — those who can, those who are able

el dinero puede mucho — money can do almost anything, money talks

la curiosidad pudo más que el temor — his curiosity got the better of his fear

él puede mucho en el partido — he has a lot of influence in the party

poder a algn: yo le puedo — I'm a match for him; [entre niños] I could have him *
poder con
¿puedes con la maleta? — can you manage the suitcase?

no puedo con él — (=no puedo controlarle) I can't handle him; (=pesa mucho) he's too heavy for me

no puedo con la hipocresía — I can't stand hypocrisy

4) [en locuciones]

• a más no poder, es tonto a más no poder — he's as stupid as they come

su actuación fue correcta a más no poder — he behaved entirely properly

comió a más no poder — he ate until he couldn't eat any more

• no poder por menos que, no pude por menos que decirle lo que pensaba de él — I just had to tell him what I thought of him

5) CAm, Méx * (=molestar) [con irritación] to annoy; [con disgusto] to upset

su actitud me pudo — his attitude annoyed me o got on my nerves

me pudo esa broma — that joke upset me

3.

VERBO IMPERSONAL
puede (ser) (=es posible) maybe, it may be so, perhaps
¡no puede ser! — that can't be!, that's impossible!
puede (ser) que ({+ subjun}9})
puede (ser) que esté en la biblioteca — he could o may be in the library, perhaps he's in the library

puede (ser) que tenga uno ya — he may o might have one already

puede (ser) que no venga — he may o might not come

puede (ser) que tenga razón — she may o could be right

puede (ser) que sí — maybe (so)

4. SUSTANTIVO MASCULINO

1) (=capacidad, facultad) power

tiene un enorme poder de concentración — she has tremendous powers of concentration

afirma tener poderes mágicos — he claims to have magic powers

poder adquisitivo — purchasing power

poder de convocatoria, tienen un gran poder de convocatoria — they really pull in the crowds, they're real crowd-pullers *

poder de negociación — bargaining power

2) (=autoridad, influencia) power

ejercen un poder enorme sobre la juventud — they have a lot of power o influence over young people

en este país los militares tienen mucho poder — the military are very powerful in this country

no tienen poder para oponerse a estas medidas — they are not powerful enough to oppose these measures

un partido jugado de poder a poder — an evenly-matched game

3) (Pol)

el poder — power

¡el pueblo al poder! — power to the people!

¡Herrera al poder! — Herrera for leader!

• bajo el poder de algn, estar en el poder, ocupar el poder — to be in power

subir al poder — to come to power

• el poder central — central government

• el cuarto poder — the fourth estate

• el poder establecido — the establishment

• los poderes fácticos — the powers that be

• los poderes públicos — the authorities

poder absoluto — absolute power

poder civil — civil power

poder ejecutivo — executive power

poder judicial — judiciary

poder legislativo — legislative power

4) (=fuerza, eficacia)

un detergente de gran poder limpiador — a powerful detergent

este medicamento no tiene poder contra la tuberculosis — this drug is ineffective o isn't effective against tuberculosis

5) (=potestad)
pl poderes powers
les dieron amplios poderes para dirigir la empresa — they were given wide-ranging powers to run the company

tiene plenos poderes para intervenir en el asunto — he has full authority to intervene in the matter

6) (Jur)

• por poderes o LAm poder — by proxy

casarse por poderes — to get married by proxy

poder notarial — power of attorney

7) (=posesión) possession

tengo en mi poder información confidencial — I am in possession of confidential information

• estar u obrar en poder de algn — to be in sb's hands o possession

esa información está u obra en poder de la juez — that information is in the hands of the judge, that information is in the judge's possession

• pasar a poder de algn — to pass to sb, pass into sb's possession

8) (Fís, Mec) power

el poder del motor — the power of the engine

poder calorífico — calorific value

9) LAm (=persona) drug pusher

* * *
I
verbo auxiliar

Sentido I

1) ( tener la capacidad o posibilidad de)

en cuanto puedas — as soon as you can

no puedo pagar tanto — I can't pay that much

no podía dejar de reír — I couldn't stop laughing

no va a poder venir — he won't be able to come

¿cuándo podrá darme una respuesta? — when will you be able to o when can you give me an answer?

no pudo asistir a la reunión — he was unable to o he couldn't attend the meeting

¿pudiste hacerlo sola? — were you able to do it on your own?

no se puede valer por sí mismo — he can't manage by himself

con aquel ruido no se podía trabajar — it was impossible to work with that noise going on

2) ( expresando idea de permiso)

¿puedo servirme otro? — can o may I have another one?

¿le puedo hacer una sugerencia? — may I make a suggestion?

¿podría irme un poco más temprano hoy? — could I leave a little earlier today?

puedes hacer lo que quieras — you can do whatever you like

no puede comer sal — he isn't allowed to eat salt

¿se puede? - adelante! — may I? - come in

aquí no se puede fumar — smoking is not allowed here

3) ( expresando derecho moral)

no podemos hacerle eso — we can't do that to her

bien puedes tomarte un descanso ahora — you can afford to take a rest now

4)

a) (en quejas, reproches)

¿cómo pudiste hacer una cosa así? — how could you do such a thing?

podías or podrías haberme avisado — you could o might have warned me!

b) ( en sugerencias)

ya te puedes ir haciendo a la idea — you'd better start getting used to the idea

podrías or podías pedírselo tú — you could ask him for it

c) ( solicitando un favor)

¿puedes bajar un momento? — can you come down for a moment?

¿podrías hacerme un favor? — could you do me a favor?

Sentido II

5) ( con el verbo principal sobreentendido)

poder con algo/alguien: ¿puedes con todo eso? can you manage all that?; no puedo con esta maleta I can't manage this suitcase; no pudo con el alemán y lo dejó he couldn't get to grips with German and he gave up; con este niño no hay quien pueda! this child is just impossible!; podérsela con algo — (Chi fam) to cope with something

6) (en locs)

a más no poder: comió a más no poder he ate until he was fit to burst; corrimos a más no poder we ran as fast as we could; es feo a más no poder he's as ugly as they come; no poder más: estoy que no puedo más ( cansado) I'm exhausted; ( lleno) I can't eat anything else; ya no puedo más con este niño I'm at the end of my tether with this child; ya no puedo más, me está desquiciando I can't go on like this, it's driving me mad; no poder (por) menos que: no pude menos que sentirme halagado I couldn't help feeling flattered; no pudo menos que reconocer — she had no alternative but to admit

7) (fam) (+ me, te, le etc)

a) ( ganar)

él es más alto, pero tú le puedes — he's taller than you but you can beat him

b) (Méx) ( doler)

tu indiferencia le puede mucho — she's very hurt by your indifference

nos pudo mucho la muerte de Julio — we were terribly upset by Julio's death

Sentido III

8) (con idea de eventualidad, posibilidad)

puede aparecer en cualquier momento — he may turn up at any moment

de él se puede esperar cualquier cosa — anything's possible with him

no hagas nada que pueda resultar sospechoso — don't do anything that might look suspicious

puede haber venido ayer — he may have come yesterday

te podrías or podías haber matado — you could have killed yourself!

no podía haber estado más amable — she couldn't have been kinder

podría volver a ocurrir — it could happen again

no pudo haber sido Pilar — it couldn't have been Pilar

9) (en 3^a pers)

no puede ser que no lo sepa — he must know

no puede ser que ya haya terminado — he can't have finished already

si puede ser or (Esp) a poder ser — if possible

no pudo ser — it wasn't possible

puede (ser) que tengas razón — you may o could be right

puede (ser) que no nos haya visto — he may not have seen us

- puede que sí, puede que no — maybe, maybe not
II
masculino

1)

a) (control, influencia) power

tiene mucho poder en el pueblo — he has a great deal of power o influence in the village

estamos/nos tiene en su poder — we are/she has us in her power

caer en poder de alguien — ciudad/país to fall to somebody

b) (Pol)

el poder — power

estar en el poder — to be in power

tomar el poder — to take o seize power

detenta el poder desde hace 20 años — (frml) he has held power for 20 years

2) ( posesión)

la carta está en poder de... — the letter is in the hands of...

obra en su poder la copia del acta — (frml) you have in your possession a copy of the minutes

3)

a) (derecho, atribución)

tener amplios/plenos poderes para hacer algo — to have wide-ranging powers/full authority to do something

los poderes de la junta son ilimitados — the junta has unlimited powers

la entrega de poderes — the handing over of power

b) (Der) ( documento) letter of authorization; ( hecho ante notario) power of attorney

casarse por poder (AmL) or (Esp) por poderes — to get married by proxy

4)

a) (capacidad, facultad) power

su poder de convicción — her power of persuasion

b) (de motor, aparato) power

•

- poder absoluto

- poder adquisitivo

- poder ejecutivo

- poderes fácticos

- poderes públicos

- poder judicial

- poder legislativo

* * *
I
verbo auxiliar

Sentido I

1) ( tener la capacidad o posibilidad de)

en cuanto puedas — as soon as you can

no puedo pagar tanto — I can't pay that much

no podía dejar de reír — I couldn't stop laughing

no va a poder venir — he won't be able to come

¿cuándo podrá darme una respuesta? — when will you be able to o when can you give me an answer?

no pudo asistir a la reunión — he was unable to o he couldn't attend the meeting

¿pudiste hacerlo sola? — were you able to do it on your own?

no se puede valer por sí mismo — he can't manage by himself

con aquel ruido no se podía trabajar — it was impossible to work with that noise going on

2) ( expresando idea de permiso)

¿puedo servirme otro? — can o may I have another one?

¿le puedo hacer una sugerencia? — may I make a suggestion?

¿podría irme un poco más temprano hoy? — could I leave a little earlier today?

puedes hacer lo que quieras — you can do whatever you like

no puede comer sal — he isn't allowed to eat salt

¿se puede? - adelante! — may I? - come in

aquí no se puede fumar — smoking is not allowed here

3) ( expresando derecho moral)

no podemos hacerle eso — we can't do that to her

bien puedes tomarte un descanso ahora — you can afford to take a rest now

4)

a) (en quejas, reproches)

¿cómo pudiste hacer una cosa así? — how could you do such a thing?

podías or podrías haberme avisado — you could o might have warned me!

b) ( en sugerencias)

ya te puedes ir haciendo a la idea — you'd better start getting used to the idea

podrías or podías pedírselo tú — you could ask him for it

c) ( solicitando un favor)

¿puedes bajar un momento? — can you come down for a moment?

¿podrías hacerme un favor? — could you do me a favor?

Sentido II

5) ( con el verbo principal sobreentendido)

poder con algo/alguien: ¿puedes con todo eso? can you manage all that?; no puedo con esta maleta I can't manage this suitcase; no pudo con el alemán y lo dejó he couldn't get to grips with German and he gave up; con este niño no hay quien pueda! this child is just impossible!; podérsela con algo — (Chi fam) to cope with something

6) (en locs)

a más no poder: comió a más no poder he ate until he was fit to burst; corrimos a más no poder we ran as fast as we could; es feo a más no poder he's as ugly as they come; no poder más: estoy que no puedo más ( cansado) I'm exhausted; ( lleno) I can't eat anything else; ya no puedo más con este niño I'm at the end of my tether with this child; ya no puedo más, me está desquiciando I can't go on like this, it's driving me mad; no poder (por) menos que: no pude menos que sentirme halagado I couldn't help feeling flattered; no pudo menos que reconocer — she had no alternative but to admit

7) (fam) (+ me, te, le etc)

a) ( ganar)

él es más alto, pero tú le puedes — he's taller than you but you can beat him

b) (Méx) ( doler)

tu indiferencia le puede mucho — she's very hurt by your indifference

nos pudo mucho la muerte de Julio — we were terribly upset by Julio's death

Sentido III

8) (con idea de eventualidad, posibilidad)

puede aparecer en cualquier momento — he may turn up at any moment

de él se puede esperar cualquier cosa — anything's possible with him

no hagas nada que pueda resultar sospechoso — don't do anything that might look suspicious

puede haber venido ayer — he may have come yesterday

te podrías or podías haber matado — you could have killed yourself!

no podía haber estado más amable — she couldn't have been kinder

podría volver a ocurrir — it could happen again

no pudo haber sido Pilar — it couldn't have been Pilar

9) (en 3^a pers)

no puede ser que no lo sepa — he must know

no puede ser que ya haya terminado — he can't have finished already

si puede ser or (Esp) a poder ser — if possible

no pudo ser — it wasn't possible

puede (ser) que tengas razón — you may o could be right

puede (ser) que no nos haya visto — he may not have seen us

- puede que sí, puede que no — maybe, maybe not
II
masculino

1)

a) (control, influencia) power

tiene mucho poder en el pueblo — he has a great deal of power o influence in the village

estamos/nos tiene en su poder — we are/she has us in her power

caer en poder de alguien — ciudad/país to fall to somebody

b) (Pol)

el poder — power

estar en el poder — to be in power

tomar el poder — to take o seize power

detenta el poder desde hace 20 años — (frml) he has held power for 20 years

2) ( posesión)

la carta está en poder de... — the letter is in the hands of...

obra en su poder la copia del acta — (frml) you have in your possession a copy of the minutes

3)

a) (derecho, atribución)

tener amplios/plenos poderes para hacer algo — to have wide-ranging powers/full authority to do something

los poderes de la junta son ilimitados — the junta has unlimited powers

la entrega de poderes — the handing over of power

b) (Der) ( documento) letter of authorization; ( hecho ante notario) power of attorney

casarse por poder (AmL) or (Esp) por poderes — to get married by proxy

4)

a) (capacidad, facultad) power

su poder de convicción — her power of persuasion

b) (de motor, aparato) power

•

- poder absoluto

- poder adquisitivo

- poder ejecutivo

- poderes fácticos

- poderes públicos

- poder judicial

- poder legislativo

* * *

poder¹

¹ = force, strength, power, leverage, authority, clout, might, muscle power, power of attorney, sway.

Ex: Her reason admitted the force of his arguments, but her instinct opposed it.

Ex: The strength of the acetone rinsing on the strength of the paper is investigated, and its efficiency in removing NM2P is also examined using gas liquid chromatography.

Ex: She added that she felt sorry for the assistant because he had so little power.

Ex: At certain times, dubious interpretations of the rules have even been used as leverage in gaining ground on matters of dispute between Community partners.

Ex: One of the great virtues of networking is that it democratizes access to information and access to authority.

Ex: IT executives would like to see their role in the organization elevated, giving them more ' clout', stature and visibility.

Ex: Gradually many of these conquerors came to realize that, although military might was necessary to gain control over an area, sheer force of arms was not sufficient to govern effectively.

Ex: Their development, particularly for replacing human muscle power, has been in parallel with that of information technology, but largely independent of it.

Ex: A power of attorney is a legal instrument that is used to delegate legal authority to another.

Ex: During this period Africa was influenced by external forces as the Islamic states of the north extended their sway south.

* abusar del poder = lord over, lord it over.

* abuso de poder = abuse of power.

* altas esferas del poder, las = echelons of power, the.

* ansioso de poder = power-hungry.

* asumir poder = assume + power.

* ceder las riendas del poder = hand over + the reins of power.

* círculo de poder = circle of power.

* con ansias de poder = power-hungry.

* conceder poderes = give + powers.

* con hambre de poder = power-hungry.

* con poder = powerful.

* con sed de poder = power-hungry.

* control del poder = hold on power.

* dar poderes = give + powers.

* dejar sin poder = disempower.

* división de poderes = division of powers.

* ejercer poder = wield + power, exercise + power.

* en el poder = in office.

* equilibrio de poder = balance of power.

* estructura de poder = power structure.

* frecuentar los pasillos del poder = stalk + the corridors of power.

* gente de poder = wielders of power, powerful people.

* gobierno en el poder = ruling government.

* grupo de poder = power group.

* hambriento de poder = power-hungry.

* igualdad de poder = parity of power.

* inversión de poderes = power reversal.

* jerarquía de poder = scalar chain.

* llevar al poder = bring + Nombre + to power.

* los poderes fáticos = the powers-that-be.

* los que detentan el poder = the powers-that-be.

* lucha de poderes = power struggle.

* lucha por el poder = power struggle.

* luchar de poderes = battle of wills.

* partido en el poder, el = ruling party, the.

* pasar las riendas del poder a = hand + the reins over to.

* pasillos del poder, los = corridors of power, the.

* perder poder = lose + power.

* pérdida de poder = disempowerment.

* poder adquisitivo = spending power, purchasing power, buying power.

* poder colectivo = collective power.

* poder curativo = healing power.

* poder de atracción = drawing power.

* poder de curación = healing power.

* poder de discriminación = discretion.

* poder de enganche = holding power.

* poder del estado = state power.

* poder de negociación = bargaining power.

* poder de representación = power of representation.

* poder de retención = holding power.

* poder divino = divine power.

* poder económico = economic leverage.

* poder ejecutivo = chief executive, executive arm, executive power.

* poder ejecutivo, el = Executive, the.

* poder estatal = state power.

* poder imperial = imperial power.

* poder judicial = judicial arm, judicial system.

* poder judicial, el = judiciary, the.

* poder legal = statutory power.

* poder legislativo = legislative power, legislative arm.

* poder mágico = magical power, magic power.

* poder notarial = power of attorney.

* poder político = political power.

* poder presidencial = presidential power.

* poder público = public power, public authority.

* poder remunerativo = earning power, earning capacity.

* poder sobrenatural = supernatural power.

* política del poder = power politics.

* por poderes = by proxy.

* posición de poder = position power.

* quitar el poder = disempower.

* relación de poder = power relationship.

* relaciones de poder = power relations.

* sediento de poder = power-hungry.

* subida al poder = seizure of power.

* subir al poder = rise to + power.

* tener el poder = be the boss, call + the shots, call + the tune, rule + the roost.

* tener el poder de = have + the power to.

* tener las riendas del poder = hold + the reins of power.

* tomar el poder = take + power.

* tomar las riendas del poder = take + the reins of power.

poder²

² = be able to, be capable of, can, have + the opportunity, may, qualify for, manage to.

Ex: Thus the electronic journal (e-journal) is a concept where scientists are able to input ideas and text to a computer data base for their colleagues to view, and similarly to view the work of others.

Ex: Main classes are thus only capable of precise definition in the contexts of particular classification schemes.

Ex: When used by skilled abstractors this mixture of styles can achieve the maximum transmission of information, within a minimum length.

Ex: Every librarian, regardless of his government's policy, has the opportunity, if he has the courage, to open the avenues of books and ideas a little wider.

Ex: My second point may be a slightly tangential, but I hope it is a concrete reaction to the general tenor of Mr. Lubetzky's remarks and the general subject posed.

Ex: FIAC has drawn up a list of criteria to determine whether an advice centre qualifies for membership of the Federation.

Ex: Tom Hernandez tried not to show how sad he felt about his friends' leaving, and managed to keep up a cheerful facade until the party broke up.

* Algo por lo que se puede cobrar = billable.

* al que no se puede dejar de faltar = unmissable.

* como mejor + poder = as best + Pronombre + can.

* cuando antes pueda = at + Posesivo + earliest convenience.

* de modo que + poder + oír = within earshot of.

* en el que se puede buscar = searchable.

* estar tan bueno que no se puede dejar de comer = moreish, moreish.

* hacerlo lo mejor que Uno pueda = do + Posesivo + utmost.

* hacer lo mejor que Uno pueda = put + Posesivo + best into.

* hacer lo mejor que Uno puede = try + Posesivo + heart out.

* hacer todo lo que Uno pueda = do + Posesivo + best, do + the best + Nombre + may, do + the best + Nombre + can.

* hacer todo lo que Uno pueda (dado) = do + the best possible (with).

* lo suficientemente lejos como para no poder oír = out of earshot.

* muy bien + podría + Verbo = might + well + Verbo.

* muy bien + puede + Verbo = may well + Verbo.

* nada puede estar más apartado de la realidad = nothing can be further from the truth.

* noche sin poder dormir = sleepless night.

* no poder = be unable to, cannot, can't [cannot].

* no poder aguantar a Alguien = have + it in for + Nombre.

* no poder conciliar el sueño = have + trouble sleeping.

* no poder dejar de mencionar = cannot but notice.

* no poder dejar de recalcar la importancia de Algo = the importance of + Nombre + cannot be stressed too strongly, cannot + give + too much emphasis + to the importance of.

* no poder dormir = sleeplessness.

* no poder estarse quieto = have + the fidgets, fidget.

* no poder evitar + Infinitivo = cannot help + Gerundio, cannot help but + Verbo.

* no poder evitar mencionar = cannot but notice.

* no poder hacer más que = do + little more than.

* no poder permitirse = ill afford.

* no poder permitirse el lujo de = ill afford.

* no poder quitarse Algo de la cabeza = can't get it out of my mind.

* no poderse buscar = be unsearchable.

* no poderse negar que = there + be + no denying that.

* no poder ver a Alguien = have + it in for + Nombre.

* no poder ver Algo o Alguien = can't stand + sight.

* no pude evitar notar que = couldn't help but notice (that).

* no puedo aguantarlo = can't take it.

* no puedo comprender = I can't get over.

* No se le puede pedir peras al olmo = You can't make a silk purse out of a sow's ear.

* no se puede dejar de recalcar el + Nombre + de = the + Nombre + of + Nombre + cannot be overemphasised.

* no se puede dejar de recalcar el + Nombre + of = the + Nombre + of + Nombre + cannot be overstated.

* no se puede dejar de recalcar la importancia de Algo = the importance of + Nombre + cannot be overemphasised, the importance of + Nombre + cannot be overstated.

* personas que no pueden salir de casa = homebound, the.

* poder contar con = be there for + Pronombre, be there for + Pronombre.

* poder + Infinitivo = succeed in + Gerundio.

* poderse afirmar que = it + be + safe to say that.

* poderse contestar = be answerable.

* poderse integrar en = be integrable in.

* poderse localizar = be locatable.

* poder utilizarse = be usable.

* por el que se puede cobrar = chargeable.

* puede muy bien ser = could well be.

* puede muy bien ser que = it may well be that.

* puede que = maybe.

* puede que al final sea para bien = be a blessing in disguise.

* ¿Puede repetir? = I beg your pardon?, I beg your pardon?.

* que no se le puede dar un nombre = unnameable.

* que no se puede conseguir = unobtainable.

* que no se puede entregar = undeliverable.

* que no se puede hacer cumplir = unenforceable.

* que no se puede identificar con un término = unnameable.

* que no se puede uno perder = unmissable.

* que puede causar detención = arrestable.

* que puede demostrarse = demonstrably.

* que puede salir en préstamo = loanable.

* que puede ser apilado = stacking.

* que puede ser usado a través de la web = web-compliant.

* querer es poder = where there's a will there's a way.

* que se le puede dar un nombre = nameable.

* que se puede arreglar = fixable.

* que se puede buscar = searchable.

* que se puede cambiar de tamaño = resizeable [re-sizeable].

* que se puede escuchar = playable.

* que se puede hacer cumplir = enforceable.

* que se puede identificar con un término = nameable.

* que se puede imprimir = printable.

* que se puede quitar = detachable.

* que se puede separar = detachable.

* que se puede visualizar = viewable.

* sálvese el que pueda = free-for-all.

* sálvese quien pueda = the devil take the hindmost, every man for himself, let battle commence.

* se puede = is to be.

* siempre que uno puede dedicarle el tiempo = in + Posesivo + own time.

* sin poder contenerse = helplessly.

* sin poder dormir = sleepless.

* sin poder extinguirlo = inextinguishably.

* sin poder hacer nada = helplessly.

* tan sorprendente como pueda parecer = as amazing as it seems.

* todavía + poderse + escuchar los ecos de = echo + still resound from.

* * *

poder¹ [ E21 ]

GUIA DE BUSQUEDA

Sentido I

A tener la capacidad de

B expresando idea de permiso

C expresando un derecho moral

D

1 en quejas, reproches

2 en sugerencias

3 solicitando un favor

Sentido II

A

1 poder con algo/alguien

2 el dinero lo puede todo

B en locuciones

C

1 vencer, ganar

2 doler

Sentido III

A con idea de eventualidad

B en tercera persona

v aux

Sentido I

A

(tener la capacidad o posibilidad de): ven en cuanto puedas come as soon as you can

no puedo pagar tanto I can't pay that much

¿cómo que no puedes? what do you mean, you can't do it ( o you can't come etc)?

no podía dejar de reír I couldn't stop laughing

no va a poder venir he won't be able to come

¿cuándo podrá darme una respuesta definitiva? when will you be able to o when can you give me a firm answer?

no pude convencerla I couldn't persuade her

no pudo asistir a la reunión he was unable to o he couldn't attend the meeting

¿pudiste hacerlo sola? did you manage to do it o were you able to do it on your own?

hicimos todo lo que pudimos por ayudarlos we did everything in our power o everything we could to help them

no se puede valer por sí mismo he can't manage by himself

no habría podido hacerlo sin tu ayuda I wouldn't have been able to do it o I couldn't have done it without your help

no debe (de) haber podido encontrarlo she obviously couldn't find it o can't have found it

¡este niño no se puede estar quieto ni un minuto! this child just won't o can't keep still for a minute!

con aquel ruido no se podía trabajar it was impossible to work o you couldn't work with that noise going on

¿sabes que se han prometido? — ¡no te (lo) puedo creer! do you know they're engaged? — you're joking! o I don't believe it!

B

(expresando idea de permiso): ¿puedo servirme otro? can o may I have another one?

ya pueden volver la hoja you may turn the page over now

¿me puedo ir? — ¡no señor! can o may I go? — no, you cannot o may not!

¿sales a jugar? — no puedo, estoy castigada are you coming out to play? — I can't, I'm being kept in

¿puedo pasar? may I come in?

¿le puedo hacer una sugerencia? may I make a suggestion?

¿podría irme un poco más temprano hoy? could I leave a little earlier today?

por mí, puedes hacer lo que quieras as far as I'm concerned, you can do whatever you like

no puede comer sal he isn't allowed to eat salt

¿quién te lo dijo, si se puede saber? who told you, may I ask?

¿se puede? — ¡adelante! may I? — come in

aquí no se puede fumar smoking is not allowed here, you can't smoke here

C

(expresando un derecho moral): no podemos hacerle eso we can't do that to her

después de lo que has trabajado, bien puedes tomarte un descanso you're entitled to o you deserve a rest after all the work you've done

es lo menos que puedes hacer it's the least you can do

D

1

(en quejas, reproches): ¿cómo pudiste hacer una cosa así? how could you do such a thing?

¿cómo puedes ser tan ingrato? how can you be so ungrateful?

podías or podrías haberme avisado you could o might have warned me!

2

(en sugerencias): podrías or podías pedírselo tú, a ti siempre te hace caso why don't you ask him? he always listens to you

ya te puedes ir haciendo a la idea you'd better start getting used to the idea

3

(solicitando un favor): ¿puedes bajar un momento? can you come down for a moment?

¿podrías hacerme un favor? could you do me a favor?

¿no puedes irte a jugar a otra parte? can't you go and play somewhere else?

Sentido II (con el verbo principal sobreentendido)

A

1 poder CON algo/algn:

¿tú puedes con todo eso? can you manage all that?

no puedo con esta maleta I can't manage this suitcase

yo no puedo solo con la casa, los niños y la tienda I can't do the housework, look after the children and run the store all on my own, I can't cope with the house, the children and the store all on my own

no pudo con el alemán y lo dejó he couldn't get o come to grips with German and he gave up

¡con este niño no hay quien pueda! this child is just impossible!

podérsela ( Chi fam); to cope, manage

no se la puede con el trabajo he can't cope with the job o manage the job

2

el dinero lo puede todo money talks, you can do anything if you have money

B ( en locuciones):

a más no poder: comió a más no poder he ate until he was fit to burst

gana dinero a más no poder she's making pots of money ( colloq), she's making money hand over fist

es feo a más no poder he's as ugly as they come

corrimos a más no poder we ran for all we were worth o as fast as we could

no poder más: estoy que no puedo más (de cansancio) I'm exhausted

a mí no me des postre que ya no puedo más don't serve me any dessert, I can't eat anything else

ya no puedo más con este niño I'm at the end of my tether with this child

no podía más, y ese estúpido que no salía del cuarto de baño I was desperate o I was bursting to go and that idiot wouldn't come out of the bathroom ( colloq)

ya no puedo más, me está desquiciando I can't go on like this, it's driving me mad

no poder (por) menos que: uno no puede menos que sentirse halagado one can't help feeling flattered

no puedo menos que expresar mi profunda decepción I feel I must say how deeply disappointed I am

no pudo menos que reconocer que teníamos razón she had no alternative but to admit that we were right

C

1 ( fam)

(vencer, ganar): él es más alto pero tú le puedes he's taller than you but you can beat him

tu papá no le puede al mío your dad's not as strong as mine

a gracioso no hay quien le pueda as a comic, there's no-one to beat him o he's unbeatable

2

( Méx fam) (doler): tu desprecio le puede mucho she's very hurt by your disdainful attitude, your disdainful attitude hurts her deeply

nos pudo mucho la muerte de Julio we were greatly saddened o terribly upset by Julio's death

Sentido III

A

(con idea de eventualidad, posibilidad): puede aparecer en cualquier momento he may turn up at any moment

de él se puede esperar cualquier cosa anything's possible with him

no sé dónde lo puedo haber puesto I don't know where I can have put it

no hagas nada que pueda resultar sospechoso don't do anything that might look suspicious

puede haber venido mientras no estábamos he may have come while we were out

hace horas que están reunidos ¿de qué pueden estar hablando? they've been in that meeting for hours, what can they be talking about?

te podrías or podías haber matado you could have killed yourself!

un error así puede costar millones a mistake like that could cost millions

no podía haber estado más amable she couldn't have been kinder

llaman a la puerta — ¿quién podrá ser a estas horas? there's someone at the door — who can o could it be at this time?

podría volver a ocurrir it could happen again

Pilar no pudo haber sido it couldn't have been Pilar

B ( en tercera persona):

¿nos habrá mentido? — no sé, puede ser do you think he lied to us? — I don't know, he may have done o it's possible

no puede ser que no lo sepa he must know

no puede ser que ya haya terminado he can't have finished already

si puede ser or ( Esp) a poder ser preferiría la cuarta fila if possible, I'd prefer row four

me habría gustado verlo pero no pudo ser I would have liked to see him but it wasn't possible o it wasn't to be

puede (ser) que tengas razón you may o could be right

puede (ser) que no nos haya visto he may not have seen us

¿vas a votar para ella? — puede que sí or puede are you going to vote for her? — maybe o I may

¿lo vas a aceptar? — puede que sí, puede que no are you going to accept it? — maybe, maybe not

poder²

masculine

A

1 (control, influencia) power

el poder de la prensa the power of the press

tiene mucho poder en el pueblo he has a great deal of power o influence o he is a very powerful man in the village

la Familia Real no tiene ningún poder the Royal Family has no power

Constantinopla cayó en poder de los turcos Constantinople fell to the Turks

estamos/nos tiene en su poder we are/she has us in her power

2 ( Pol):

el poder power

estar en el poder to be in power

tomar el poder to take o seize power

asumir el poder to assume power

detenta el poder desde hace 20 años ( frml); he has held power for 20 years

lleva cuatro años en el poder he has been in power for four years

toda la vida buscó el poder y la gloria all her life she sought power and fame

el poder en la sombra the power behind the throne

el poder corrompe power corrupts

B

(posesión): la carta está en poder de las autoridades the letter is in the hands of the authorities

hay que evitar que llegue a su poder we have to stop it falling into his hands

obra en su poder la copia del acta ( frml); you have in your possession a copy of the minutes

la solicitud ya pasó a poder de la oficina central the application has already been passed to our head office

C

1

(derecho, atribución): tiene amplios/plenos poderes para investigar el asunto he has wide-ranging powers/full authority to investigate the matter

la entrega or transmisión de poderes the handing over o transmission of power

los poderes de la junta son ilimitados the junta has unlimited powers

los poderes que le han sido conferidos the powers which have been vested in him

la separación de poderes entre la Iglesia y el Estado the division o separation of power between the Church and the State

división

2 ( Der) (documento) letter of authorization; (hecho ante notario) power of attorney

casarse por poder( AmL) or ( Esp) por poderes to get married by proxy

D

1 (capacidad, facultad) power

su poder de convicción or de persuasión her power of persuasion

el poder del amor/de la sugestión the power of love/of suggestion

tiene poderes extrasensoriales he has extrasensory powers

2 (de un motor, aparato) power

Compuestos:

● poder absoluto

masculine absolute power

● poder adquisitivo

masculine (de una divisa, un sueldo) purchasing power, buying power; (de una persona, un grupo) purchasing power, spending power

● poder divino

masculine divine power

● poder ejecutivo

masculine:

el poder ejecutivo the executive

● poderes fácticos

mpl institutions which hold effective control

● poderes notariales

mpl power of attorney

● poderes públicos

mpl:

los poderes públicos the authorities

● poder judicial

masculine:

el poder judicial the judiciary

● poder legislativo

masculine:

el poder legislativo the legislature

* * *

poder 1 ( conjugate poder) v aux
1 ( tener la capacidad o posibilidad de):
◊ puedo ir ahora o mañana I can go now or tomorrow;

no puedo pagar tanto I can't pay that much;
no podía dormir I couldn't sleep;
no va a poder venir he won't be able to come;
no pudo asistir he was unable to o he couldn't attend;
¿pudiste hacerlo sola? were you able to do it on your own?
2
a) ( expresando idea de permiso):

◊ ¿puedo servirme otro? can o may I have another one?;

¿podría irme más temprano hoy? could I leave earlier today?;
puedes hacer lo que quieras you can do whatever you like;
no puede comer sal he isn't allowed to eat salt;
¿se puede? — ¡adelante! may I? — come in;
aquí no se puede fumar smoking is not allowed here
b) ( solicitando un favor):

◊ ¿puedes bajar un momento? can you come down for a moment?;

¿podrías hacerme un favor? could you do me a favor?
3 ( expresando derecho moral):
◊ no podemos hacerle eso we can't do that to her

4 (en quejas, reproches): podías or podrías haberme avisado you could o might have warned me!
( con idea de esfuerzo)
1 poder con algo/algn:
◊ ¿puedes con todo eso? can you manage all that?;

no puedo con este niño I can't cope with this child;
estoy que no puedo más ( cansado) I'm exhausted;

( lleno) I can't eat anything else;
◊ ya no puedo más I can't go on like this

2 (con idea de eventualidad, posibilidad): te podrías or podías haber matado you could have killed yourself!;
◊ no podía haber estado más amable she couldn't have been kinder;

podría volver a ocurrir it could happen again;
no pudo ser it wasn't possible;
puede (ser) que tengas razón you may o could be right;
puede que sí, puede que no maybe, maybe not
3 (Méx) ( doler):
◊ nos pudo mucho la muerte de Julio we were terribly upset by Julio's death

poder 2 sustantivo masculino
1
a) (control, influencia) power;

◊ tiene mucho poder he has a great deal of power;

estamos en su poder we are in her power
b) (Pol)

◊ el poder power;

estar en el poder to be in power;
tomar el poder to take o seize power
2 ( posesión):
◊ la carta está en poder de … the letter is in the hands of …

3
a) (derecho, atribución) power;

◊ tener amplios poderes para hacer algo to have wide-ranging powers to do sth

b) (Der) ( documento) letter of authorization;

( hecho ante notario) power of attorney;
casarse por poder (AmL) or (Esp) por poderes to get married by proxy
4
a) (capacidad, facultad) power;

◊ su poder de convicción her power of persuasion;

poder adquisitivo purchasing power
b) (de motor, aparato) power

poder 1 sustantivo masculino power
Jur por poderes, by proxy
Econ poder adquisitivo, purchasing power
poder 2
I verbo transitivo
1 (tener capacidad) to be able to, can: no puedo evitarlo, I can't help it
podías habernos avisado, you could/ might have warned us
2 (tener derecho o autorización) may, might, can
¿puedo repetir?, may I have a second helping?
no puede tomar carne de cerdo, he can't eat pork
las mujeres ya pueden votar, women can already vote
3 (uso impers) may, might: puede que la vea luego, I might see her later
puede que sí, puede que no, maybe, maybe not
II verbo intransitivo
1 to cope [con, with]: no puedo con todo, I can't cope
2 (vencer, tener más fuerza) to be stronger than
En el presente, can y to be able to son sinónimos. Sin embargo, en el pasado could significa que podías hacer algo, mientras que was o were able to significa que, además de poder hacerlo, lo hiciste: I could tell him the truth. Podía decirle la verdad (no sabemos si lo hice). I was able to tell him the truth. Fui capaz de decirle la verdad (lo hice). En el futuro solo podemos emplear to be able to: I will be able to do it tomorrow. Podré hacerlo mañana.
Para expresar posibilidad puedes usar may, could o might. La diferencia consiste en el grado de probabilidad que sugieren. Recuerda que may se refiere a hechos más probables que might o could: Puede que llueva mañana. It may rain tomorrow (crees que es posible). It might/ could rain tomorrow (crees que la posibilidad es más remota).
' poder' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
absoluta
- absoluto
- abusar
- abuso
- adquisitiva
- adquisitivo
- ámbito
- caber
- CGPJ
- concentrar
- continuismo
- desgaste
- desperdicio
- destronar
- desvelarse
- dominio
- entregar
- erótica
- excedente
- garra
- grabar
- grandeza
- idea
- informal
- judicial
- legislativa
- legislativo
- manifestarse
- mano
- obrar
- parcela
- remediar
- respirar
- sátrapa
- sed
- seducción
- someterse
- sugestión
- usurpar
- ver
- acumular
- anhelar
- ansia
- ansiar
- atribuir
- autoridad
- ávido
- ceder
- clavar
- confiar
English:
able
- abuse
- afford
- anything
- assume
- assumption
- can
- conform
- cope
- encroach
- fold
- form
- foursome
- get
- glad
- greed
- greediness
- greedy
- handle
- hungry
- lust
- make
- manage
- may
- might
- office
- out
- power
- power of attorney
- proxy
- purchasing power
- seize
- seizure
- spending power
- stick
- stranglehold
- take aside
- takeover
- unable
- use
- utmost
- whichever
- zenith
- could
- executive
- height
- helplessly
- judiciary
- lie
- peace

* * *

poder¹ nm

1. [mando, autoridad] power;

la gente con más poder en la organización the most powerful people in the organization;

estar en el poder to be in power;

hacerse con o [m5] tomar el poder to seize power;

perder el poder to lose power;

el poder corrompe power corrupts;

la separación de poderes the separation of powers;

Comp

de poder a poder: un enfrentamiento de poder a poder a heavyweight contest;

el partido se disputó de poder a poder it was a close contest between two excellent sides

Comp
poder absoluto absolute power;
el poder ejecutivo [el gobierno] the executive;

los poderes fácticos the centres of power in society;

el poder judicial [los jueces] the judiciary;

el poder legislativo [las cortes] the legislature;

poderes públicos (public) authorities

2. [posesión, control]
estar en poder de alguien to be in sb's hands;

obra en su poder un documento comprometedor she has in her possession a compromising document;

tienen en su poder a varios rehenes they have taken a number of hostages;

el pueblo cayó en poder del enemigo the town fell to the enemy;

la casa pasó a poder del banco ownership of the house was transferred to the bank

3. [capacidad] power;

un producto con gran poder de limpieza a very powerful cleaning product;

tener poderes (paranormales) to be psychic, to have psychic powers

Comp
poder adquisitivo [de salario] purchasing o buying power; [de persona] disposable income;
poder calorífico calorific value;

poder de convicción persuasive powers;

poder de convocatoria: [m5] tener poder de convocatoria to be a crowd-puller;
Mil poder de disuasión deterrent force; Mil poder disuasorio deterrent force
4. [autorización] power, authorization;
[documento] power of attorney;
dar poderes a alguien para que haga algo to authorize sb to do sth;

tener plenos poderes para hacer algo to be fully authorized to do sth;

por poderes by proxy;

casarse por Esp [m5] poderes o Am [m5] poder to marry by proxy

Comp
poder notarial power of attorney [witnessed by a notary]
poder²

♦ vi

1. [tener facultad, capacidad] can, to be able to;

no puedo decírtelo I can't tell you, I'm unable to tell you;

ahora mismo no podemos atenderle, llame más tarde we can't o we are unable to take your call right now, please call later;

¿puede correrse un poco, por favor? could you move up a bit, please?;

al final pudo salir de allí in the end she managed to get out of there;

¡así no se puede hacer nada! we'll never get anywhere like this!;

de poder ir, sería a partir de las siete if I manage to o can make it, it will be after seven;

en cuanto pueda as soon as possible;

si puedo, te llamaré I'll call you if I get the chance

2. [tener permiso] can, may;

no puedo salir por la noche I'm not allowed to o I can't go out at night;

¿podríamos ir contigo? could we go with you?;

¿podría hablar un momento con usted? could I have a word with you?;

¿se pueden hacer fotos? can we o are we allowed to take photos?;

¿puedo fumar aquí? may o can I smoke here?;

no se puede fumar you're not allowed to smoke;

¿se puede? may I come in?;

¿se puede saber dónde te habías metido? might I know o would you mind telling me where you were?

3. [ser capaz moralmente] can;

no podemos portarnos así con él we can't treat him like that;

¿cómo puedes decir una cosa así? how can you say such a thing?

4. [tener posibilidad, ser posible] may, can;

puede volver de un momento a otro she could come back any moment;

puedo haberlo perdido I may have lost it;

podías haber cogido el tren you could have caught the train;

puede estallar la guerra war could o may break out;

¿dónde puede o [m5] podrá estar? where can it have got to?;

¡habría podido invitarnos!, ¡podría habernos invitado! [expresa enfado] she could o might have invited us!;

ya podemos despedirnos de un aumento de sueldo we can forget our pay Br rise o US raise now

5. [tener fuerza]
poder con [enfermedad, rival] to be able to overcome;
[tarea, problema] to be able to cope with;
¿puedes con todas las bolsas? can you manage all those bags?;

no puedo con este baúl, ¿me ayudas a levantarlo? I can't lift this trunk on my own, can you give me a hand?;

no poder con algo/alguien [no soportar] not to be able to stand sth/sb;

no puedo con la hipocresía I can't stand hypocrisy;

¡contigo no hay quien pueda! you're impossible!

6. Méx [doler] to hurt

7. [en frases]
a o [m5] hasta más no poder as much as can be;

es avaro a más no poder he's as miserly as can be;

llovía a más no poder it was absolutely pouring down;

la pierna me dolía a más no poder you can't imagine how much my leg was hurting;

no poder más [estar cansado] to be too tired to carry on;
[estar harto de comer] to be full (up); [estar enfadado, harto] to have had enough;
no pude por menos que reírme I had to laugh, I couldn't help but laugh;
Fam
¡ya podrás, con una máquina como esa! anyone could do it with a machine like that!;

Comp

no puedo con mi alma I'm ready to drop

♦ v impersonal
[ser posible] may;
puede que llueva it may o might rain;

puede que se haya equivocado she may be wrong;

¿vendrás mañana? – puede will you come tomorrow? – I may do;

puede que sí o puede que no maybe, maybe not;

puede ser perhaps, maybe;

si puede ser, a poder ser if (at all) possible;

lo siento, pero no va a poder ser I'm sorry, but it's not going to be possible;

puede ser que no lo sepa she may not know;

¡no puede ser que sea ya tan tarde! surely it can't be that late already!

♦ vt

1. [ser más fuerte que] to be stronger than;

tú eres más alto, pero yo te puedo you may be taller than me, but I could still beat you up;

mi coche le puede al tuyo my car is faster than yours any day

2. Méx [doler]
me puede mucho que me desprecies it hurts me a lot that you look down on me;

le pudo su derrota, todavía no se repone losing really got to her, she still hasn't got over it

* * *

poder

I v/aux

1 capacidad can, be able to;

no pude hablar con ella I wasn’t able to talk to her

2 permiso can, be allowed to;

¿puedo ir contigo? can o may I come with you?

3 posibilidad may, might;

¡podías habérselo dicho! you could have o you might have told him

II v/i

:

poder con ( sobreponerse a) manage, cope with;

me puede he can beat me;

es franco a más no poder fam he’s as frank as they come fam ;

comimos a más no poder fam we ate to bursting point fam ;

no puedo más I can’t take any more, I’ve had enough;

a poder ser if possible;

puede ser perhaps, maybe;

¡no puede ser! it can’t be!, that can’t be right!;

puede que perhaps, maybe;

puede ser que no lo sepa maybe o perhaps he doesn’t know;

¿se puede? can I come in?, do you mind if I come in?;

no pude menos de insultarle insulting him was the least I could do

III m tb POL power;

en poder de alguien in s.o.’s hands;

plenos poderes pl full authority sg ;

por poderes, L.Am.

por poder JUR by proxy;

los poder es públicos the authorities

* * *

poder {58} v aux

1) : to be able to, can

no puede hablar: he can't speak

2) (expressing possibility) : might, may

puede llover: it may rain at any moment

¿cómo puede ser?: how can that be?

3) (expressing permission) : can, may

¿puedo ir a la fiesta?: can I go to the party?

¿se puede?: may I come in?

poder vi

1) : to beat, to defeat

cree que le puede a cualquiera: he thinks he can beat anyone

2) : to be possible

¿crees que vendrán? - puede (que sí): do you think they'll come? - maybe

3)

poder con : to cope with, to manage

¡no puedo con estos niños!: I can't handle these children!

4)

no poder más : to have had enough

no puede más: she can't take anymore

5)

no poder menos que : to not be able to help

no pudo menos que asombrarse: she couldn't help but be amazed

poder nm

1) : control, power

poder adquisitivo: purchasing power

2) : authority

el poder legislativo: the legislature

3) : possession

está en mi poder: it's in my hands

4) : strength, force

poder militar: military might

* * *

poder¹ n (en general) power

tiene mucho poder he has a lot of power

subir al poder to come to power

poder² vb

1. (capacidad, posibilidad) can / could / to be able to

no puedo dormir I can't sleep

¿puedo echarte una mano? can I give you a hand?

no podía vivir sin ella he couldn't live without her

¿qué podemos comprarle? what can we buy her?

¿cuándo podrás venir? when will you be able to come?

Recuerda que can es presente, could es pasado o condicional y be able to es para los demás tiempos

2. (permiso) can / may

¿puedo hablar con el jefe? can I speak to the boss?

¿se puede pasar? can I come in?

aquí no se puede fumar you can't smoke here

3. (probabilidad) may / could / might

puede que llueva it might rain

puede que venga, puede que no he might come, he might not

no puede ser that's impossible

podría ocurrir aquí it could happen here

poder con to manage / to cope with

no puedo con la maleta I can't manage the suitcase

no puedo con él I can't cope with him

no poder más (cansado) to be exhausted (lleno) to be full up

Spanish-English dictionary > poder
115 chief

chief [t∫i:f]

1. noun

a. [of tribe] chef m

• too many chiefs and not enough Indians (inf) trop de chefs et pas assez d'exécutants

b. ( = boss) (inf) patron m

2. adjective

( = main) principal

3. compounds

► chief assistant noun premier assistant m

► chief constable noun (British Police) ≈ directeur m de police

► chief executive officer noun directeur m général

► chief inspector noun (British Police) inspecteur m de police principal

► chief of police noun ≈ préfet m de police

► chief of staff noun chef m d'état-major

► chief superintendent noun (British Police) ≈ commissaire m divisionnaire

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

CHIEF WHIP

En Grande-Bretagne, le parti gouvernemental et celui de l'opposition ont chacun leur Chief Whip, qui est responsable de la discipline du parti à la Chambre des communes. Il tient les députés informés des activités parlementaires et fait remonter l'opinion des députés jusqu'à la direction du parti. Il veille également à ce que les députés participent aux scrutins importants, son rôle est donc particulièrement décisif lorsque le gouvernement ne dispose que d'une faible majorité aux Communes.

* * *
[tʃiːf] 1.
noun

1) ( leader) gen chef m

party chief — Politics dirigeant/-e m/f de parti

defence chiefs — Politics responsables mpl de la défense

2) (colloq) ( boss) chef (colloq) m, patron (colloq) m
2.
adjective

1) ( primary) principal

2) ( highest in rank) en chef
3.
- in-chief combining form en chef

English-French dictionary > chief
116 Messel, Rudolf

SUBJECT AREA: Chemical technology

[br]

b. 14 January 1848 Darmstadt, Germany

d. 18 April 1920 London, England

[br]

German industrial chemist.

[br]

Messel served three years as an apprentice to the chemical manufacturers E.Lucius of Frankfurt before studying chemistry at Zürich, Heidelberg and Tübingen. In 1870 he travelled to England to assist the distinguished chemist Sir Henry Roscoe, but was soon recalled to Germany on the outbreak of the Franco-Prussian War. After hostilities ceased, Messel returned to London to join the firm of manufacturers of sulphuric acid Dunn, Squire \& Company of Stratford, London. The firm amalgamated with Spencer Chapman, and after Messel became its Managing Director in 1878 it was known as Spencer, Chapman \& Messel Ltd.

Messel's principal contribution to chemical technology was the invention of the contact process for the manufacture of sulphuric acid. Earlier processes for making this essential product, now needed in ever-increasing quantities by the new processes for making dyestuffs, fertilizers and explosives, were based on the oxidation of sulphur dioxide by oxides of nitrogen, developed by Joshua Ward and John Roebuck. Attempts to oxidize the dioxide to the trioxide with the oxygen in the air in the presence of a suitable catalyst had so far failed because the catalyst had become "poisoned" and ineffective; Messel avoided this by using highly purified gases. The contact process produced a concentrated form of sulphuric acid called oleum. Until the outbreak of the First World War, Messel's firm was the principal manufacturer, but then the demand rose sharply, so that other firms had to engage in its manufacture. Production thereby increased from 20,000 to 450,000 tons per year.

[br]

Principal Honours and Distinctions

FRS 1912. President, Society of Chemical Industry 1911–12, 1914.

Further Reading

1931, Special jubilee issue, Journal of the Society of the Chemical Industry (July). G.T.Morgan and D.D.Pratt, 1938, The British Chemical Industry, London.

LRD

Biographical history of technology > Messel, Rudolf
117 PDF

1) Авиация: Panamanian Defense Forces

2) Военный термин: Panamanian Defense Force, Program Data Form, passive direction finding, point detonating fuze, post defense force, principal direction of fire, procurement data file

3) Техника: Probable Density Functions, packet-data FIFO buffer, plant design factor, point-detonating fuze, positive displacement flow meter, post-deflection focus, project design flood, защита от несовпадения полюсов выключателя (circuit-breaker pole discrepancy)

4) Сельское хозяйство: Protection Difference Fat

5) Шутливое выражение: Pigs Do Fly

6) Математика: плотность вероятности (probability density function), плотность распределения (probability density function)

7) Юридический термин: Personal Details Form

8) Сокращение: Panama Defense Forces, Personal / Precision Direction Finder/ing, Planetary Defense System, Popular Defence Force (Sudan), Processing and Distribution Facility (89 in 2004, smaller than a P&DC), Personal Data Form

9) Фото: Probability Density Functions

10) Вычислительная техника: Portable Document File, Print Definition File, probability distribution function, расширение файлов в формате Adobe Portable Document Format, файл определения принтера, Portable Document Format (Adobe), Program Development Facility (IBM), printer definition file, probability distribution function, Policy Decision Function

11) Биохимия: Pair Distribution Function

12) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: Project Director - OPF (Project execution sub-team)

13) Менеджмент: program definition phase

14) Контроль качества: probability density function

15) Сахалин Р: process flow diagram

16) Химическое оружие: Projectile disassembly facility, Propellant Disposition Facility

17) Молочное производство: Protected Difference Fat

18) Расширение файла: ED-SCAN 24bit format Graphics file, PCAD Database Interchange Format, Portable Document Format, Processor Defined Function, Program Development Facility, Portable Document Format (Adobe Acrobat), Print Device Information (Netware), Print device information Netware

19) SAP.тех. формат PDF

20) Общественная организация: Padget's Disease Foundation, Parkinson's Disease Foundation, Parkinson's Disease Foundation, Inc., Peace Development Fund

21) NYSE. John Hancock Patriot Prime Development 1

22) Аэропорты: Prado, Buenos Aires, Brazil

23) НАСА: Programmable Data Formatter

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > PDF
118 pdf

1) Авиация: Panamanian Defense Forces

2) Военный термин: Panamanian Defense Force, Program Data Form, passive direction finding, point detonating fuze, post defense force, principal direction of fire, procurement data file

3) Техника: Probable Density Functions, packet-data FIFO buffer, plant design factor, point-detonating fuze, positive displacement flow meter, post-deflection focus, project design flood, защита от несовпадения полюсов выключателя (circuit-breaker pole discrepancy)

4) Сельское хозяйство: Protection Difference Fat

5) Шутливое выражение: Pigs Do Fly

6) Математика: плотность вероятности (probability density function), плотность распределения (probability density function)

7) Юридический термин: Personal Details Form

8) Сокращение: Panama Defense Forces, Personal / Precision Direction Finder/ing, Planetary Defense System, Popular Defence Force (Sudan), Processing and Distribution Facility (89 in 2004, smaller than a P&DC), Personal Data Form

9) Фото: Probability Density Functions

10) Вычислительная техника: Portable Document File, Print Definition File, probability distribution function, расширение файлов в формате Adobe Portable Document Format, файл определения принтера, Portable Document Format (Adobe), Program Development Facility (IBM), printer definition file, probability distribution function, Policy Decision Function

11) Биохимия: Pair Distribution Function

12) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: Project Director - OPF (Project execution sub-team)

13) Менеджмент: program definition phase

14) Контроль качества: probability density function

15) Сахалин Р: process flow diagram

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23) НАСА: Programmable Data Formatter

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > pdf
119 Sitz

m; -es, -e

1. seat (auch Parl.); die Zuschauer von den Sitzen reißen get the spectators wild with excitement; das haut mich nicht vom Sitz it doesn’t do anything for me; Sitz und Stimme haben PARL. have a seat and a vote

2. (Landsitz, Familiensitz etc.) seat; (Amtssitz) residence; einer Organisation, eines Unternehmens: auch headquarters Pl. (auch V. im Sg.) (Wohnsitz) (place of) residence; förm. domicile; Karlsruhe ist Sitz des Bundesverfassungsgerichts the Federal Constitutional Court sits ( oder has its seat) in Karlsruhe; der Sitz der Firma ist (in) München the firm’s headquarters ( oder main office) is in Munich

3. TECH., auch Kleidung: fit; einen guten Sitz haben Kleidung: fit well, sit well on s.o.; Reitsport: have a good seat, sit (the horse) well; auf einen Sitz umg., fig. in one go

* * *

der Sitz

(Sitzgelegenheit) seat;

(Stammsitz) seat; place of residence; residence

* * *
Sịtz [zɪts]
m -es, -e

1) (=Sitzplatz PARL) seat

Sitz und Stimme haben — to have a seat and a vote

2) (von Regierung, Herrscher, Universität fig) seat; (= Wohnsitz) residence, domicile (form); (von Firma, Verwaltung) headquarters pl

die Welthandelsorganisation hat ihren Sitz in Genf — the World Trade Organization has its headquarters in Geneva

3) no pl (TECH von Kleidungsstück) sit; (von der Größe her) fit

einen guten Sitz haben — to sit/fit well

einen schlechten Sitz haben — to sit/fit badly

4) no pl (von Reiter) seat

* * *

der

1) (the right size or shape for a particular person, purpose etc: Your dress is a very good fit.) fit

2) (something for sitting on: Are there enough seats for everyone?) seat

3) (the part of a chair etc on which the body sits: This chair-seat is broken.) seat

4) (a place in which a person has a right to sit: two seats for the play; a seat in Parliament; a seat on the board of the company.) seat

* * *

Sitz

<-es, -e>

[zɪts]

m

1. (Sitzgelegenheit) seat; (auf einem Holzstamm a.) perch

2. (Sitzfläche) seat

den \Sitz [eines Stuhls] neu beziehen to reseat a chair

3. (Amtssitz) seat; Gesellschaft, Verwaltung headquarters + sing/pl vb; Unternehmen head office; Universität seat; (Hauptniederlassung) principal establishment

4. kein pl (Passform) sit; (bezüglich Größe) fit

einen bequemen/richtigen \Sitz haben to sit comfortably/correctly/to be a comfortable/correct fit

* * *

der; Sitzes, Sitze

1) seat

2) (mit Stimmrecht) seat

Sitz und Stimme haben — have a seat and a vote

3) (RegierungsSitz) seat; (VerwaltungsSitz) headquarters sing. or pl.

4) (sitzende Haltung) sitting position; (beim Reiten) seat

5) (von Kleidungsstücken) fit

6)

auf einen Sitz — (ugs.) in or at one go

* * *

Sitz m; -es, -e

1. seat ( auch PARL);

die Zuschauer von den Sitzen reißen get the spectators wild with excitement;

das haut mich nicht vom Sitz it doesn’t do anything for me;

Sitz und Stimme haben PARL have a seat and a vote

2. (Landsitz, Familiensitz etc) seat; (Amtssitz) residence; einer Organisation, eines Unternehmens: auch headquarters pl (auch v im sg); (Wohnsitz) (place of) residence; form domicile;

Karlsruhe ist Sitz des Bundesverfassungsgerichts the Federal Constitutional Court sits ( oder has its seat) in Karlsruhe;

der Sitz der Firma ist (in) München the firm’s headquarters ( oder main office) is in Munich

3. TECH, auch Kleidung: fit;

einen guten Sitz haben Kleidung: fit well, sit well on sb; Reitsport: have a good seat, sit (the horse) well;

auf einen Sitz umg, fig in one go

* * *

der; Sitzes, Sitze

1) seat

2) (mit Stimmrecht) seat

Sitz und Stimme haben — have a seat and a vote

3) (RegierungsSitz) seat; (VerwaltungsSitz) headquarters sing. or pl.

4) (sitzende Haltung) sitting position; (beim Reiten) seat

5) (von Kleidungsstücken) fit

6)

auf einen Sitz — (ugs.) in or at one go

* * *

-e m.

fit n.

seat n.

Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > Sitz
120 प्रयोगः _prayōgḥ

प्रयोगः 1 Use, application, employment; as in शब्दप्रयोगः, अयं शब्दो भूरिप्रयोगः- अल्पप्रयोगः 'this word is generally or rarely used'.

-2 A usual form, general usage.

-3 Hurling, throwing, discharging, (opp. संहारः); प्रयोगसंहारविभक्तमन्त्रम् R.5.57.

-4 Exhibition, performance, representation (dramatic), acting; देव प्रयोगप्रधानं हि नाट्यशास्त्रम् M.1; नाटिका न प्रयोगतो दृष्टा Ratn.1 'not seen acted on the stage'; आ परितोषाद्विदुषां न साधु मन्ये प्रयोग- विज्ञानम् Ś.1.2.

-5 Practice, experimental portion (of a subject); (opp. शास्त्र 'theory'); तदत्रभवानिमं मां च शास्त्रे प्रयोगे च विमृशतु M.1.

-6 Course of procedure, cere- monial form.

-7 An act, action.

-8 Recitation, deli- very.

-9 Beginning, commencement.

-1 A plan, contrivance, device, scheme.

-11 A means, instrument; नयप्रयोगाविव गां जिगीषोः Ki.17.38.

-12 Consequence, result.

-13 Combination, connection.

-14 Addition.

-15 (In gram.) A usual form.

-16 Offering, presenting.

-17 (a) Principal, loan bearing interest. (b) Lending money on usury; प्रतिबन्धः प्रयोगो व्यवहारो$वस्तारः...... कोशक्षयः Kau. A.2.7.26; also कोशद्रव्याणां वृद्धिप्रयोगः

-18 Appointment.

-19 A sacred text or authority. A text which brings together the various धर्मs of a विकृति. A प्रयोगवचन, however, does this only when धर्मs are made available by the चोदक which, therfore, is said to be the stronger of the two. चोदको हि प्रयोग- वचनाद् बलवत्तरः । ŚB. on MS.5.1.8.

-2 A cause; motive.

-21 An example.

-22 Application of magic, magical rites.

-23 A horse.

-Comp. -अतिशयः One of the five kinds of प्रस्तावना or prologue, in which a part of performance is superseded by another in such a manner that a character is suddenly brought on the stage; i. e. where the Sūtradhāra goes out hinting the entrance of a character and thus performs a part superseding that which he has apparently intended for his own, viz. dancing; the S. D. thus defines it:-- यदि प्रयोग एकस्मिन् प्रयोगो$न्यः प्रयुज्यते । तेन पात्रप्रवेशश्चेत् प्रयोगातिशयस्तदा ॥ 29.

-अर्थः (= प्रत्युत्क्रमः q. v.).

-ग्रहणम् acquirement of practice.

-चतुर, -निपुण a.

1 skilled in practice; M.3; चतुःषष्टिकलागमप्रयोगचतुरः Dk.2. 5.

-2 practically experienced.

-वीर्यम् (with Buddhists) energy in practice.

-शास्त्रम् the कल्पसूत्र, which lays down the प्रयोग of various sacrificial acts; प्रयोगशास्त्रमिति चेत् MS.1.3.11.

Sanskrit-English dictionary > प्रयोगः _prayōgḥ

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