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101 commoner
noun (a person who is not of high rank: The royal princess married a commoner.) κοινός θνητός -
102 prince
[prins]1) (a male member of a royal family, especially the son of a king or queen: Prince Charles.) πρίγκιπας2) (the ruler of some states or countries: Prince Rainier of Monaco.) πρίγκιπας•- princely- princess
- principality -
103 bob
[bɔb] I 1. сущ.1)а) связка, пучок; гроздь (листьев, цветов, фруктов)б) шотл. небольшой букетик цветовв) пучок волос2)а) маятник, балансирб) отвес; груз отвеса; лот3)а) короткий локон, завитокг) укороченный хвост ( лошади); купированный хвост4)а) моток цветной пряжи, помпон; бантб) хвост ( воздушного змея)6)а) наживка (личинки, используемые для приманки при рыбной ловле)б) поплавок7) припев, рефрен2. гл.1) укорачивать ( лошадиный хвост); купировать2) коротко стричь, делать короткую круглую причёскуI want to have my hair bobbed, please. — Я хочу, чтобы вы меня коротко постригли.
4) поймать, завладеть, захватить хитростьюII 1. сущ.1) канад. короткие полозья ( на санях)2) = bob-sled, = bob-sleigh бобслей2. гл. III сущ.; мн. bob; разг.bob a job — шиллинг за работу ( лозунг бойскаутов при ежегодном сборе средств на нужды своей организации)
bob in — австрал.; новозел. пожертвование шиллинга ( в общий фонд)
Can you oblige me with a couple of bob till next Tuesday? — Одолжи мне, пожалуйста, пару шиллингов до следующего вторника.
Syn:IV 1. сущ.1) резкое движение, толчок; быстрый кивок2) лёгкий удар4) приседание, реверансSyn:curtsey 1.5) изменение порядка звона ( при перезвоне колоколов); метод перезвона с изменением порядка звона колоколов2. гл.1) двигаться вверх-вниз; подпрыгивать, подскакиватьThe end of the pole bobbed up and struck me. — Конец багра подскочил и ударил меня.
If you try to sink an apple in water, it will keep bobbing up. — Утопить яблоко не получается - оно всё время выскакивает обратно.
to bob up like a cork — выскочить, как пробка, на поверхность
to bob and weave — совершать непредсказуемые повороты, скачки; постоянно двигаться, уходя от удара ( о боксёре)
Production bobs and weaves from week to week. — Темпы производства испытывают резкие колебания каждую неделю.
2) двигать вверх-вниз или в стороныHe took little notice, except by bobbing his head. — Он почти не обратил на это внимания, лишь слегка кивнул головой.
4) танцевать5) приседать; делать реверансBob down behind the wall, there's a policeman coming. — Присядь за стенку, полицейский идёт.
Don't forget to bob to the princess when she enters the room. — Когда принцесса войдёт в залу, не забудь сделать реверанс.
Syn:curtsey 2.•- bob upV 1. сущ.; тех. 2. гл. -
104 commoner
noun (a person who is not of high rank: The royal princess married a commoner.) roturier/-ière -
105 prince
[prins]1) (a male member of a royal family, especially the son of a king or queen: Prince Charles.) prince2) (the ruler of some states or countries: Prince Rainier of Monaco.) prince•- princely- princess - principality -
106 commoner
noun (a person who is not of high rank: The royal princess married a commoner.) plebeu -
107 prince
[prins]1) (a male member of a royal family, especially the son of a king or queen: Prince Charles.) príncipe2) (the ruler of some states or countries: Prince Rainier of Monaco.) príncipe•- princely- princess - principality -
108 Carlota Joaquina, Queen
(1775-1830)Daughter of King Carlos IV of Spain, born in Aranjuez, Spain, and married at the tender age of 10 to João, son and heir of Queen Maria I. When Dom José, the eldest son of Queen Maria I died in 1788, Carlota Joaquina, who had become an unpopular Spaniard living in alien Portugal, was named princess-heiress. Always in conflict with her well-meaning but indecisive husband, João, Carlota became the leader of an extreme reactionary court party and was frequently in conflict with her more malleable husband. When the royal family fled to Brazil in 1808 to escape the French army of invasion, she accompanied them and remained in Brazil until she returned to Portugal with her husband in 1821.From that time on, Carlota Joaquina was never far from the center of political conflicts and controversy, as the Portuguese political system was caught in the grip of a violent struggle between the forces of constitutionalism and absolutism. After returning from Brazil, she refused to swear allegiance to the new constitution presented to her husband, King João VI, and was placed under house arrest. She was a power behind the throne of her son, Miguel, as he proclaimed himself an absolutist king, threw out the constitution, and prepared to rule the country in 1828. Before the civil war called " The War of the Brothers" (Miguel vs. Pedro, both her sons) was concluded with Pedro's military victory in 1834, Carlota Joaquina died and thus did not have to witness Miguel's defeat and permanent exile. -
109 Forms of address
Only those forms of address in frequent use are included here ; titles of members of the nobility or of church dignitaries are not covered ; for the use of military ranks as titles ⇒ Military ranks and titles.Speaking to someoneWhere English puts the surname after the title, French normally uses the title alone (note that when speaking to someone, French does not use a capital letter for monsieur, madame and mademoiselle, unlike English Mr etc., nor for titles such as docteur).good morning, Mr Johnson= bonjour, monsieurgood evening, Mrs Jones= bonsoir, madamegoodbye, Miss Smith= au revoir, mademoiselleThe French monsieur and madame tend to be used more often than the English Mr X or Mrs Y. Also, in English, people often say simply Good morning or Excuse me ; in the equivalent situation in French, they might say Bonjour, monsieur or Pardon, madame. However, the French are slower than the British, and much slower than the Americans, to use someone’s first name, so hi there, Peter! to a colleague may well be simply bonjour!, or bonjour, monsieur ; bonjour, cher ami ; bonjour, mon vieux etc., depending on the degree of familiarity that exists.In both languages, other titles are also used, e.g.:hallo, Dr. Brown or hallo, Doctor= bonjour, docteurIn some cases where titles are not used in English, they are used in French, e.g. bonjour, Monsieur le directeur or bonjour, Madame la directrice to a head teacher, or bonjour, maître to a lawyer of either sex. Other titles, such as professeur ( in the sense of professor), are used much less than their English equivalents in direct address. Where in English one might say Good morning, Professor, in French one would probably say Bonjour, monsieur or Bonjour, madame.Titles of important positions are used in direct forms of address, preceded by Monsieur le or Madame le or Madame la, as in:yes, Chair= oui, Monsieur le président or (to a woman) oui, Madame la présidenteyes, Minister= oui, Monsieur le ministre or (to a woman) oui, Madame le ministreNote the use of Madame le when the noun in question, like ministre here, or professeur and other titles, has no feminine form, or no acceptable feminine. A woman Member of Parliament is addressed as Madame le député, a woman Senator Madame le sénateur, a woman judge Madame le juge and a woman mayor Madame le maire. Women often prefer the masculine word even when a feminine form does exist, as in Madame l’ambassadeur to a woman ambassador, Madame l’ambassadrice being reserved for the wife of an ambassador.Speaking about someoneMr Smith is here= monsieur Smith est làMrs Jones phoned= madame Jones a téléphonéMiss Black has arrived= mademoiselle Black est arrivéeMs Brown has left= madame Brown or (as appropriate) mademoiselle Brown est partie(French has no equivalent of Ms.)When the title accompanies someone’s name, the definite article must be used in French:Dr Blake has arrived= le docteur Blake est arrivéProfessor Jones spoke= le professeur Jones a parléThis is true of all titles:Prince Charles= le prince CharlesPrincess Marie= la princesse MarieNote that with royal etc. titles, only 1er is spoken as an ordinal number (premier) in French ; unlike English, all the others are spoken as cardinal numbers (deux, trois, and so on).King Richard I= le roi Richard 1er ( say Richard premier)Queen Elizabeth II= la reine Elizabeth II ( say Elizabeth deux)Pope John XXIII= le pape Jean XXIII ( say Jean vingt-trois) -
110 Roe, Sir Edwin Alliott Verdon
SUBJECT AREA: Aerospace[br]b. 26 April 1877 Manchester, Englandd. 4 January 1958 London, England[br]English designer of one of the most successful biplanes of all time, the Avro 504.[br]A.V.Roe served an apprenticeship at a railway works, studied marine engineering at Kings College London, served at sea as an engineer, and then took a job in the motor-car industry. His hobby was flying: after studying bird-flight, he built several flying models and in 1907 one of these won a prize offered by the Daily Mail. With the prize money he built a full-size aeroplane loosely based on the Flyer of the Wright brothers, with whom he had corresponded. In September, Roe took his biplane to the motorracing circuit at Brooklands, in Surrey, but it made only a few hops and his activities were not welcomed. Roe then moved to Essex, where he assembled his new aeroplane under the arch of a railway bridge. This was a triplane design with the engine at the front (a "tractor"), and during 1909 it made several flights (this triplane is preserved by the Science Museum in London).In 1910 Roe and his brother Humphrey founded A.V.Roe \& Co. in Manchester, they described it the "Aviator's Storehouse". During the next three years Roe designed and built aeroplanes in Manchester, then transported them to Brooklands to fly (the authorities now made him more welcome). One of the most significant of these was his Type D tractor biplane of 1911, which led to the Avro 504 two-seater trainer of 1913. This was one of the most successful trainers of all time, as around 10,000 were built. In November 1914 a flight of Avro 504s carried out the first-ever bombing raid when they attacked German airship sheds as Friedrichshafen. A.V.Roe produced the first aeroplanes with enclosed cabins during 1912: the Type F monoplane and Type G biplane. After the war, his Avian was used for several record-breaking flights. In 1928 he sold his interest in the company bearing his name and joined forces with Saunders Ltd of Cowes, on the Isle of Wight, to found Saunders-Roe Ltd. "Saro" produced a series of flying boats, from the four-seat Cutty Sark of 1929 to the large, and ill-fated, Princess of 1952.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsKnighted 1929 (in 1933 he incorporated his mother's name to become Sir Alliott VerdonRoe). Honorary Fellow of the Royal Aeronautical Society 1948.Bibliography1939, The World of Wings and Things, London.Further ReadingL.J.Ludovic, 1956, the Challenging Sky.A.J.Jackson, 1908, Avro Aircraft since 1908, London (a detailed account).JDSBiographical history of technology > Roe, Sir Edwin Alliott Verdon
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111 PMRAFNS
PMRAFNS, Бр Princess Mary's Royal Air Force Nursing ServiceEnglish-Russian dictionary of planing, cross-planing and slotting machines > PMRAFNS
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