-
1 documento
m.1 document (escrito).documento confidencial restricted documentdocumento nacional de identidad identity card2 record (testimonio).pres.indicat.1st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: documentar.* * *1 document\Documento Nacional de Identidad identity card* * *noun m.* * *SM1) (=escrito) documentdocumento adjunto — (Inform) attachment
documento justificativo — voucher, certificate
See:2) (=certificado) certificate3) (=testimonio) document* * *a) (Adm, Der) document¿lleva algún documento que pruebe su identidad? — do you have any (means of) identification?
b) ( testimonio)estas imágenes constituyen un documento de la situación — these images bear witness to o are testimony to the situation
* * *= document, item, material, work, stock item, record, paper.Ex. A bibliographic data base comprises a set of records which refer to documents (such as books, films, periodical articles or reports).Ex. A catalogue is a list of the materials or items in a library, with the entries representing the items arranged in some systematic order.Ex. It is my understanding that the Anglo-American Cataloging Rules, 2nd edition, (AACR2) will prescribe the same entry rules for all materials.Ex. An authority entry is an entry for which the initial element is the uniform heading for a person, corporate body, or work, as established by the cataloguing agency responsible.Ex. A new building will open in 1990, catering for 5 million stock items and 1,000 readers' seats.Ex. A record is a complete unit of information about a person, item, product, book, patient, chemical, etc. and in a computer-held data base a record is all the information contained relating to a document.Ex. In particular, a data base may be concerned to list separately individual periodical articles and single papers in conference proceedings.----* acceso a los documentos = document delivery.* acción de guardar documentos = save.* ADONIS (Distribución automática de documentos a través de sistemas de inform = ADONIS (Automated Document Delivery Over Networked Information Systems).* análisis formal de documentos = markup [mark-up].* Archivo Británico de Documentos Públicos = British Public Record Office.* archivo de documentos administrativos = public record office.* archivo de documentos públicos = record office.* área de datos específicos de la clase de documento = material (or type of publication) specific details area.* base de datos de documentos primarios = source database.* base de datos de documentos secundarios = reference database.* búsqueda de documento conocido = known-item search.* búsqueda de documentos concretos = item search.* Centro de Distribución de Documentos de la Biblioteca Británica (BLDSC) = British Library Document Supply Centre (BLDSC).* circulación de documentos = flow of documents, stock circulation.* codificar un documento = mark up + document.* cola de documentos reservados y disponibles = held-document-available queue.* colección de documentos impresos = print collection.* colocación de los documentos de vuelta en los estantes = reshelving.* comprobación del documento = collating.* conservación de documentos electrónicos = electronic document preservation.* conservador de documentos = records custodian.* contenido del documento = document content.* creación de documentos secundarios = surrogacy.* de acuerdo con este documento = hereunder.* del documento específico = document-related.* dependiente del documento = document-dependent.* depósito de documentos digitales = repository.* depósito de documentos electrónico = repository.* descripción de documentos de archivo = archival description.* descripción del documento = document description.* designación específica de la clase de documento = specific material designation.* designación general de la clase de documento = general material designation.* difusión electrónica de documentos (DED) = electronic document delivery (EDD).* digitalización de documentos = document imaging.* distribución de documentos de préstamo interbibliotecario = interlibrary loan document delivery.* documento acreditativo de identidad = proof of identity.* documento administrativo público = public record.* documento base = discussion document.* documento científico = scholarly work.* documento citado = cited document.* documento citante = citing document.* documento compuesto = composite document, compound document.* documento de archivo = archival document, archival record, archival file, archival print.* documento de autoridad archivística = archival authority record, archival authority record.* documento de consulta = discussion document.* documento de debate = discussion paper.* documento de imagen en movimiento = moving image document.* documento de opinión = discussion document.* documento de renuncia = waiver form.* documento derivado = derivative document.* documento de texto = textual document.* documento de trabajo = working document, working draft.* documento electrónico = electronic document, machine readable document, electronic record.* documento en papel = paper document.* documento estatal = state document.* documento fuente = host document, original document, parent document, source document.* documento hallado = match.* documento histórico = historical document, historical paper.* documento icónico = iconic document.* documento impreso = printout [print-out], paper document, print-off.* documento informativo = FYI (For Your Information).* documento interno = internal document.* documento legal = legal document.* documento legible por máquina = machine readable document.* documento literario = literary document.* documento matriz = master document.* documento multimedia = multimedia document (MD).* documento oficial = government document, official document, official record.* documento oficial municipal = municipal document.* documento origen = host document.* documento pictórico = image document.* documento primario = primary document, primary publication, primary source.* documento prohibido = banned title.* documento público = public document, municipal document.* documento recuperado = hit.* documento recuperado no pertinente = false drop.* documento reservado = held document.* documento secundario = derivative document, secondary document, secondary publication, surrogate, document surrogate.* documentos encontrados = posting.* documentos jurídicos = muniments.* documento sonoro = audio document.* documentos personales = personal papers.* documentos primarios = primary material, primary source material.* documentos producto de investigación = research materials.* documento técnico = technical document.* documento vencido = overdue, overdue document.* documento web = Web document.* dominado por el documento impreso = print-dominated.* encargado de la gestión de documentos = record(s) manager.* en este documento = herein, hereto.* enunciado de búsqueda de documentos multimedia = multimedia query.* enviar un documento = deliver + document.* específico del documento = document-related, document-specific.* etiqueta del documento = document label.* etiquetado de documentos = document markup.* experto en la confección de documentos web = text mark-up expert.* expurgo de documentos = records disposition.* fichero de registro por documento = item record file.* formato generalizado para la codificación de documentos web = generalised markup format.* gestión de documentos = document management, handling of documents, record(s) management, record keeping [recordkeeping].* gestión de documentos electrónicos = electronic document management.* gestión de imágenes de documentos = document image management.* gestión electrónica de documentos = electronic record management.* gestión y conservación de documentos electrónicos = electronic document preservation and management.* grado de coincidencia entre el tema de un documento y el tema de búsqueda = topicality.* identificador del documento = document identifier.* imagen digital de un documento = digital image document.* índice de palabras del documento = textwords ratio.* índice de registro por documento = item record index.* lector de documentos = document scanner.* lenguaje para el análisis formal de documentos web = markup language.* mapa que se inserta en otro documento = inclusion map.* mercado de suministro de documentos = document supply market.* método de la Inversión de la Frecuencia de los Documentos (IDF) = Inverse Document Frequency model (IDF).* NAGARA (Asociación Nacional de Archiveros y Gestores de Documentos del Gobie = National Association of Government Archivists and Records Administrators (NAGARA).* número de documentos devueltos a los estantes = shelving statistics.* número de identificación del documento = library registration number.* número del documento = document identification number, document number.* número de referencia del documento = document reference number.* obsolescencia del documento = literature aging [literature ageing].* ordenar los documentos recuperados en orden de = rank + documents.* ordenar los documentos recuperados en orden de pertinencia = rank + document output.* palabra del documento = textword.* pantalla resumen del documento = document summary screen.* pedido de documento = document ordering.* petición de documentos = document delivery.* petición de documentos por el lector = document request.* producción de documentos = document production.* profesional encargado de la gestión de documentos = records professional.* publicación de documentos del gobierno = government publishing.* publicación de documentos oficiales = official publishing.* redactar un documento = draft + document.* red de suministro de documentos = document supply network.* registro de documento pedido = on-order record.* renovar el préstamo de un documento = renew + document.* reproducción de documentos = documentary reproduction.* responsable de la gestión de documentos = record(s) manager.* restauración de documentos = document restoration.* seguir la pista a un documento = chase + item.* seleccionar y presentar en un documento = package.* selección de documentos = document selection, selection of documents.* servicio de entrega de documentos = document delivery service (DDS).* servicio de petición de documentos = document delivery service (DDS).* servicio de préstamo de documentos = document delivery service (DDS).* servicio de suministro de documentos = document delivery service (DDS).* servicio de transferencia de documentos = document delivery service (DDS).* servicios de documentos secundarios = secondary services.* servidor de documentos = document server.* servir un documento = deliver + document.* SGML (Lenguaje Estándar Universal para el Análisis Formal de Documentos) = SGML (Standard Generalised Markup Language).* sistema automatizado para la recuperación de documentos = computerised document retrieval system.* sistema de digitalización de documentos = document imaging system.* sistema de gestión de documentos = record(s) system.* sistema de gestión de documentos electrónicos = electronic document management system (EDMS).* sistema de petición de documentos = document delivery system.* sistema de suministro de documentos = document supply system.* sistema de transferencia de documentos = document delivery system.* sistema en el que el documento aparece representado en un único lugar del ín = one-place system.* sistema para el análisis formal de documentos = markup code.* sistema para el análisis formal de documentos web = markup system.* solicitar un documento = request + document.* suministro de documentos = document supply.* transferencia de documentos = document delivery.* tratamiento de documentos = document processing, document handling.* Tratamiento de Imágenes de Documentos (DIP) = Document Image Processing (DIP).* UNDEX (Indice de Documentos de las Naciones Unidas) = UNDEX (United Nations Documents Index).* UNDI (Indice de Documentos de las Naciones Unidas) = UNDI (United Nations Documents Index).* vector de los documentos = document vector.* vida útil de un documento = shelf life.* XML (Lenguaje Extensible para el Análisis de Documentos) = XML (Extensible Markup Language).* * *a) (Adm, Der) document¿lleva algún documento que pruebe su identidad? — do you have any (means of) identification?
b) ( testimonio)estas imágenes constituyen un documento de la situación — these images bear witness to o are testimony to the situation
* * *= document, item, material, work, stock item, record, paper.Ex: A bibliographic data base comprises a set of records which refer to documents (such as books, films, periodical articles or reports).
Ex: A catalogue is a list of the materials or items in a library, with the entries representing the items arranged in some systematic order.Ex: It is my understanding that the Anglo-American Cataloging Rules, 2nd edition, (AACR2) will prescribe the same entry rules for all materials.Ex: An authority entry is an entry for which the initial element is the uniform heading for a person, corporate body, or work, as established by the cataloguing agency responsible.Ex: A new building will open in 1990, catering for 5 million stock items and 1,000 readers' seats.Ex: A record is a complete unit of information about a person, item, product, book, patient, chemical, etc. and in a computer-held data base a record is all the information contained relating to a document.Ex: In particular, a data base may be concerned to list separately individual periodical articles and single papers in conference proceedings.* acceso a los documentos = document delivery.* acción de guardar documentos = save.* ADONIS (Distribución automática de documentos a través de sistemas de inform = ADONIS (Automated Document Delivery Over Networked Information Systems).* análisis formal de documentos = markup [mark-up].* Archivo Británico de Documentos Públicos = British Public Record Office.* archivo de documentos administrativos = public record office.* archivo de documentos públicos = record office.* área de datos específicos de la clase de documento = material (or type of publication) specific details area.* base de datos de documentos primarios = source database.* base de datos de documentos secundarios = reference database.* búsqueda de documento conocido = known-item search.* búsqueda de documentos concretos = item search.* Centro de Distribución de Documentos de la Biblioteca Británica (BLDSC) = British Library Document Supply Centre (BLDSC).* circulación de documentos = flow of documents, stock circulation.* codificar un documento = mark up + document.* cola de documentos reservados y disponibles = held-document-available queue.* colección de documentos impresos = print collection.* colocación de los documentos de vuelta en los estantes = reshelving.* comprobación del documento = collating.* conservación de documentos electrónicos = electronic document preservation.* conservador de documentos = records custodian.* contenido del documento = document content.* creación de documentos secundarios = surrogacy.* de acuerdo con este documento = hereunder.* del documento específico = document-related.* dependiente del documento = document-dependent.* depósito de documentos digitales = repository.* depósito de documentos electrónico = repository.* descripción de documentos de archivo = archival description.* descripción del documento = document description.* designación específica de la clase de documento = specific material designation.* designación general de la clase de documento = general material designation.* difusión electrónica de documentos (DED) = electronic document delivery (EDD).* digitalización de documentos = document imaging.* distribución de documentos de préstamo interbibliotecario = interlibrary loan document delivery.* documento acreditativo de identidad = proof of identity.* documento administrativo público = public record.* documento base = discussion document.* documento científico = scholarly work.* documento citado = cited document.* documento citante = citing document.* documento compuesto = composite document, compound document.* documento de archivo = archival document, archival record, archival file, archival print.* documento de autoridad archivística = archival authority record, archival authority record.* documento de consulta = discussion document.* documento de debate = discussion paper.* documento de imagen en movimiento = moving image document.* documento de opinión = discussion document.* documento de renuncia = waiver form.* documento derivado = derivative document.* documento de texto = textual document.* documento de trabajo = working document, working draft.* documento electrónico = electronic document, machine readable document, electronic record.* documento en papel = paper document.* documento estatal = state document.* documento fuente = host document, original document, parent document, source document.* documento hallado = match.* documento histórico = historical document, historical paper.* documento icónico = iconic document.* documento impreso = printout [print-out], paper document, print-off.* documento informativo = FYI (For Your Information).* documento interno = internal document.* documento legal = legal document.* documento legible por máquina = machine readable document.* documento literario = literary document.* documento matriz = master document.* documento multimedia = multimedia document (MD).* documento oficial = government document, official document, official record.* documento oficial municipal = municipal document.* documento origen = host document.* documento pictórico = image document.* documento primario = primary document, primary publication, primary source.* documento prohibido = banned title.* documento público = public document, municipal document.* documento recuperado = hit.* documento recuperado no pertinente = false drop.* documento reservado = held document.* documento secundario = derivative document, secondary document, secondary publication, surrogate, document surrogate.* documentos encontrados = posting.* documentos jurídicos = muniments.* documento sonoro = audio document.* documentos personales = personal papers.* documentos primarios = primary material, primary source material.* documentos producto de investigación = research materials.* documento técnico = technical document.* documento vencido = overdue, overdue document.* documento web = Web document.* dominado por el documento impreso = print-dominated.* encargado de la gestión de documentos = record(s) manager.* en este documento = herein, hereto.* enunciado de búsqueda de documentos multimedia = multimedia query.* enviar un documento = deliver + document.* específico del documento = document-related, document-specific.* etiqueta del documento = document label.* etiquetado de documentos = document markup.* experto en la confección de documentos web = text mark-up expert.* expurgo de documentos = records disposition.* fichero de registro por documento = item record file.* formato generalizado para la codificación de documentos web = generalised markup format.* gestión de documentos = document management, handling of documents, record(s) management, record keeping [recordkeeping].* gestión de documentos electrónicos = electronic document management.* gestión de imágenes de documentos = document image management.* gestión electrónica de documentos = electronic record management.* gestión y conservación de documentos electrónicos = electronic document preservation and management.* grado de coincidencia entre el tema de un documento y el tema de búsqueda = topicality.* identificador del documento = document identifier.* imagen digital de un documento = digital image document.* índice de palabras del documento = textwords ratio.* índice de registro por documento = item record index.* lector de documentos = document scanner.* lenguaje para el análisis formal de documentos web = markup language.* mapa que se inserta en otro documento = inclusion map.* mercado de suministro de documentos = document supply market.* método de la Inversión de la Frecuencia de los Documentos (IDF) = Inverse Document Frequency model (IDF).* NAGARA (Asociación Nacional de Archiveros y Gestores de Documentos del Gobie = National Association of Government Archivists and Records Administrators (NAGARA).* número de documentos devueltos a los estantes = shelving statistics.* número de identificación del documento = library registration number.* número del documento = document identification number, document number.* número de referencia del documento = document reference number.* obsolescencia del documento = literature aging [literature ageing].* ordenar los documentos recuperados en orden de = rank + documents.* ordenar los documentos recuperados en orden de pertinencia = rank + document output.* palabra del documento = textword.* pantalla resumen del documento = document summary screen.* pedido de documento = document ordering.* petición de documentos = document delivery.* petición de documentos por el lector = document request.* producción de documentos = document production.* profesional encargado de la gestión de documentos = records professional.* publicación de documentos del gobierno = government publishing.* publicación de documentos oficiales = official publishing.* redactar un documento = draft + document.* red de suministro de documentos = document supply network.* registro de documento pedido = on-order record.* renovar el préstamo de un documento = renew + document.* reproducción de documentos = documentary reproduction.* responsable de la gestión de documentos = record(s) manager.* restauración de documentos = document restoration.* seguir la pista a un documento = chase + item.* seleccionar y presentar en un documento = package.* selección de documentos = document selection, selection of documents.* servicio de entrega de documentos = document delivery service (DDS).* servicio de petición de documentos = document delivery service (DDS).* servicio de préstamo de documentos = document delivery service (DDS).* servicio de suministro de documentos = document delivery service (DDS).* servicio de transferencia de documentos = document delivery service (DDS).* servicios de documentos secundarios = secondary services.* servidor de documentos = document server.* servir un documento = deliver + document.* SGML (Lenguaje Estándar Universal para el Análisis Formal de Documentos) = SGML (Standard Generalised Markup Language).* sistema automatizado para la recuperación de documentos = computerised document retrieval system.* sistema de digitalización de documentos = document imaging system.* sistema de gestión de documentos = record(s) system.* sistema de gestión de documentos electrónicos = electronic document management system (EDMS).* sistema de petición de documentos = document delivery system.* sistema de suministro de documentos = document supply system.* sistema de transferencia de documentos = document delivery system.* sistema en el que el documento aparece representado en un único lugar del ín = one-place system.* sistema para el análisis formal de documentos = markup code.* sistema para el análisis formal de documentos web = markup system.* solicitar un documento = request + document.* suministro de documentos = document supply.* transferencia de documentos = document delivery.* tratamiento de documentos = document processing, document handling.* Tratamiento de Imágenes de Documentos (DIP) = Document Image Processing (DIP).* UNDEX (Indice de Documentos de las Naciones Unidas) = UNDEX (United Nations Documents Index).* UNDI (Indice de Documentos de las Naciones Unidas) = UNDI (United Nations Documents Index).* vector de los documentos = document vector.* vida útil de un documento = shelf life.* XML (Lenguaje Extensible para el Análisis de Documentos) = XML (Extensible Markup Language).* * *no hay ningún documento que pruebe sus afirmaciones there is no documentary proof o evidence o there are no documents to support what he says¿lleva algún documento que pruebe su identidad? do you have any proof of identity?, do you have any (means of) identification?los documentos del coche the car documents2(testimonio): estas imágenes constituyen un documento de la situación allí these images bear witness to o are testimony to the situation theresus escritos son documentos valiosos para el historiador his writings are a valuable source of information for the historianCompuesto:( Esp) National Identity Card* * *
Del verbo documentar: ( conjugate documentar)
documento es:
1ª persona singular (yo) presente indicativo
documentó es:
3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) pretérito indicativo
Multiple Entries:
documentar
documento
documentar ( conjugate documentar) verbo transitivo
1 ‹trabajo/hipótesis/solicitud› to document
2 (Méx) ‹ equipaje› to check in
documentarse verbo pronominal
1 ( informarse) to do research
2 (Méx) [ pasajero] to check in
documento sustantivo masculino (Adm, Der, Inf) document;◊ documento adjunto (Corresp) enclosed document;
(Inf) attachment
documentar verbo transitivo to document
documento sustantivo masculino document
Esp Documento Nacional de Identidad (DNI), Identification Card
' documento' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
anexa
- anexo
- archivo
- balance
- carta
- convalidar
- DNI
- expedir
- extender
- falsear
- fe
- hoja
- inicial
- licencia
- nómina
- nominativa
- nominativo
- oficial
- otorgar
- papel
- partida
- pergamino
- permiso
- pliego
- póliza
- posesión
- renovación
- renuncia
- resguardo
- romperse
- sacar
- testigo
- timbre
- título
- traslado
- visar
- adosar
- amañar
- aparecer
- apéndice
- autenticar
- auténtico
- autorizar
- avalar
- chueco
- concordar
- constar
- dicho
- duplicar
- ejemplar
English:
annexe
- attach
- attached
- circulate
- coerce
- copy
- document
- enclosure
- endorsement
- expiry
- ID
- look over
- look through
- private
- privileged
- produce
- production
- receipt
- record
- renew
- renewal
- rough
- seal
- secret
- send in
- stamp
- study
- tamper
- valid
- witness
- attachment
- exhibit
- identification
* * *documento nm1. [escrito] documentdocumento nacional de identidad identity card; Der documento privado private document; Der documento público public record o document; Der documento de venta bill of sale2. [testimonio] record;uno de los primeros documentos sonoros que existen one of the first sound recordings in existence;estas fotos son un documento gráfico de incalculable valor these photos are a visual record of incalculable value3. Informát document;guárdalo en Mis documentos save it in My documentsDOCUMENTO NACIONAL DE IDENTIDADIt is mandatory in many Spanish-speaking countries to carry a national identity card, or Documento Nacional de Identidad (DNI), showing the bearer's personal details and a photo. In Spain it is also called a carné, and all Spanish citizens have to carry one from the age of fourteen. The card is renewed every five or ten years at police stations, and must be shown to police upon demand. A similar document, the “Cédula (Nacional) de Identidad” is carried in Colombia, Paraguay, Uruguay, Venezuela, Argentina and Chile. In 2006 Spain began introducing an electronic identity card, which has a microchip containing the holder's personal details in digitized form.* * *m document* * *documento nm: document* * *documento n document -
2 сырьё
1) General subject: crude materials, feedstocks, primary products, raw material, raw stuff, staple, stock, material2) Aviation: basic materials3) Engineering: basic material, batch material, charging feed, crude, feed, feedstock, mineral, producers stock, raw stock, rough stock, sensitive stock, starting material, stuff4) Construction: base material, gross product5) Economy: primary material, raw produce, raw stores6) Diplomatic term: primary commodities7) Metallurgy: ingoing material8) Oil: raw9) Ecology: primary product, raw products10) Advertising: raw commodities11) Business: raw product, work material12) Sakhalin energy glossary: raw materials13) Production: primary goods14) Polymers: crude product -
3 сырье
1) General subject: crude materials, feedstocks, primary products, raw material, raw stuff, staple, stock, material2) Aviation: basic materials3) Engineering: basic material, batch material, charging feed, crude, feed, feedstock, mineral, producers stock, raw stock, rough stock, sensitive stock, starting material, stuff4) Construction: base material, gross product5) Economy: primary material, raw produce, raw stores6) Diplomatic term: primary commodities7) Metallurgy: ingoing material8) Oil: raw9) Ecology: primary product, raw products10) Advertising: raw commodities11) Business: raw product, work material12) Sakhalin energy glossary: raw materials13) Production: primary goods14) Polymers: crude product -
4 conocimiento
m.1 knowledge.hablar/actuar con conocimiento de causa to know what one is talking about/doingponer algo en conocimiento de alguien to bring something to somebody's attention, to inform somebody of somethingtener conocimiento de algo to be aware of somethingha llegado a mi conocimiento que estás insatisfecho it has come to my attention that you are not happy2 consciousness (sentido, conciencia).perder/recobrar el conocimiento to lose/regain consciousnessestaba tumbado en el suelo, sin conocimiento he was lying unconscious on the floor3 awareness, consciousness, cognizance.* * *2 (sensatez) good sense3 (conciencia) consciousness\con conocimiento de causa with full knowledge of the factsperder el conocimiento to lose consciousnessponer algo en conocimiento de alguien to make something known to somebody, inform somebody of somethingrecobrar el conocimiento to regain consciousness, come roundtener conocimiento de algo to know about something* * *noun m.1) knowledge* * *SM1) (=saber) knowledgeconocimientos — (=nociones) knowledge sing
mis pocos conocimientos de filosofía/cocina — my limited knowledge of philosophy/cookery
2) (=información) knowledgeel encuentro tuvo lugar sin conocimiento público — the meeting took place without the public's knowledge
•
dar conocimiento de algo, dimos conocimiento del robo a la policía — we informed the police about the robbery•
llegar a conocimiento de algn — to come to sb's attention o notice•
tener conocimiento de algo, aún no tenemos conocimiento de su detención — we still do not know that he has been arrestedse les informó al tenerse conocimiento del suceso — they were informed as soon as it was known what had happened
desea ponerlo en conocimiento público — he wants it brought to the public's attention, he wishes it to be made public
el Ministro ha puesto en conocimiento del rey su decisión — the minister has informed the king of his decision
conocimiento de causa, hacer algo con conocimiento de causa — to be fully aware of what one is doing
3) (=consciencia) consciousnessrecobrar o recuperar el conocimiento — to regain consciousness
4) (=sentido común) common sense5) (Jur) cognizance frm6) (Com)* * *1)a) ( saber) knowledgeb) conocimientos masculino plural ( nociones) knowledge2) (frml) ( información)dar conocimiento de algo a alguien — to inform o (frml) apprise somebody of something
pongo en su conocimiento que... — (Corresp) I am writing to inform you that...
llegar a conocimiento de alguien — to come to somebody's attention o notice (frml)
con conocimiento de causa: obró con conocimiento de causa (frml) he took this step, fully aware of what the consequences would be; hablo con conocimiento de causa — I know what I'm talking about
3) ( sentido) consciousnessperder/recobrar el conocimiento — to lose/regain consciousness
4) ( entendimiento)aún es pequeño, no tiene todavía conocimiento — he's not old enough to understand
* * *= cognition, competency, enlightenment, expertise, familiarisation [familiarization, -USA], familiarity, insight, knowledge, learning, acquaintance, understanding, cognisance [cognizance, -USA], connoisseurship, consciousness.Ex. The information-processing model of cognition, and developments in artificial intelligence encourage such comparisons = El modelo de la cognición sobre el procesamiento de la información de y los avances de la inteligencia artificial fomentan este tipo de comparaciones.Ex. SLIS programmes intended to 'produce' librarians with competency in the use of IT have to be designed.Ex. Considered as necessary work in the interest of humanity and general enlightenment, bibliography gains ground as the years pass.Ex. Its primary function is to provide a centre for software and hardware expertise for its members.Ex. Step 1 Familiarisation: This first step involves the indexer in becoming conversant with the subject content of the document to be indexed.Ex. The most effective searchers are those who have both system experience and some familiarity with the subject area in which they are searching.Ex. The human indexer works mechanically and rapidly; he should require no insight into the document content.Ex. These factors form the basis of the problems in identifying a satisfactory subject approach, and start to explain the vast array of different tolls used in the subject approach to knowledge.Ex. It is the responsibility of educators to stretch their student's intellects, hone their skills of intuitive judgment and synthesis, and build a love of learning that will sustain them beyond the level of formal education.Ex. It is only with accumulating experience and many years of close study and acquaintance with bibliographic works that a really substantial body of knowledge of the potential of bibliographic sources is acquired.Ex. We librarians ought to have a clearer understanding of our stock-in-trade (books) and their function of social mechanism.Ex. The passive cognisance of growth causes considerable difficulties = El conocimiento pasivo del crecimiento causa dificultades importantes.Ex. This book explores the underlying institutional factors that help museum-based connoisseurship and aestheticism and university-based critical theory and revisionist scholarship exist.Ex. For example, the latter are unlikely to engage themselves in conservation issues as these now press upon the professional consciousness of librarians.----* actualizar los conocimientos = upgrade + Posesivo + skills.* adquirir conocimiento = gain + knowledge, glean + knowledge, acquire + knowledge, build up + knowledge.* ampliar el conocimiento = expand + Posesivo + knowledge, expand + Posesivo + knowledge, widen + knowledge, broaden + knowledge, deepen + understanding.* ampliar las fronteras del conocimiento = push back + the frontiers of knowledge.* análisis de áreas del conocimiento = domain analysis.* análisis de dominios del conocimiento = domain analysis.* aprendizaje rico en conocimiento = knowledge-rich learning.* área de conocimiento = area of study.* área del conocimiento = area of knowledge, discipline, subject field, field of activity, knowledge domain, discipline of knowledge.* aumentar el conocimiento = expand + Posesivo + knowledge, deepen + awareness.* aumento del conocimiento = knowledge building.* bannco de conocimiento = knowledge bank.* basado en el conocimiento = knowledge-based.* basado en las disciplinas del conocimiento = discipline-based.* bibliotecario con conocimientos de medicina = informationist.* búsqueda del conocimiento = quest for/of knowledge.* campo del conocimiento = field of knowledge.* centrado en el conocimiento = knowledge-centric.* ciencia del conocimiento = cognitive science.* compartir el conocimiento = knowledge sharing, pool + knowledge.* con conocimiento = authoritatively.* con conocimiento básico en el manejo de la información = information literate [information-literate].* con conocimiento básico en el uso de la biblioteca = library literate [library-literate].* con conocimiento de = appreciative of, conversant with.* con conocimiento de causa = knowingly, knowingly.* con conocimiento de informática = computer literate [computer-literate].* con conocimiento en el uso de Internet = Internet-savvy.* con conocimientos en = versed in.* con conocimientos sobre el correo electrónico = e-mail literate.* con el conocimiento de que = on the understanding that.* conjunto de conocimientos = body of knowledge.* conocimiento académico = academic knowledge.* conocimiento acumulado sobre un tema = lore.* conocimiento básico = working familiarity, working knowledge.* conocimiento científico = scientific knowledge.* conocimiento compartido = knowledge sharing.* conocimiento de base = foundation study.* conocimiento de cómo sobrevivir en el bosque = woodcraft.* conocimiento de embarque = bill of lading.* conocimiento de la existencia = awareness.* conocimiento de lengua = language skill.* conocimiento del objeto = object knowledge.* conocimiento de los diferentes soportes = media competency.* conocimiento detallado = intimate knowledge.* conocimiento de un área temática = area knowledge.* conocimiento documentado = recorded knowledge.* conocimiento enciclopédico = factual knowledge.* conocimiento en tecnología = technological skill.* conocimiento específico = expert knowledge.* conocimiento experto = expert knowledge, expertise.* conocimiento explícito = explicit knowledge.* conocimiento factual = declarative knowledge.* conocimiento humano = human consciousness.* conocimiento humano, el = human record, the.* conocimiento indígena = indigenous knowledge.* conocimiento lingüístico = language skill.* conocimiento mutuo = mutual knowledge.* conocimiento pasivo = nodding acquaintance.* conocimiento pleno = awareness.* conocimiento práctico = working knowledge, procedural knowledge.* conocimiento previo = foreknowledge.* conocimientos = knowledge base [knowledge-base].* conocimientos básicos = literacy.* conocimientos básicos de búsqueda, recuperación y organización de informació = information literacy.* conocimientos básicos de documentación = information literacy.* conocimientos básicos de informática = computer literacy.* conocimientos básicos en tecnología = technical literacy.* conocimientos básicos sobre el uso de las bibliotecas = library skills.* conocimientos de tecnología = techno-savvy, tech-savvy.* conocimientos en el manejo de la información = info-savvy.* conocimiento sobre una materia = subject knowledge.* conocimientos requeridos = job specs.* conocimiento tácito = tacit knowledge, tacit knowledge, tacit knowledge.* conocimiento técnico = know-how, technical knowledge.* conocimiento teórico = declarative knowledge.* con poco conocimiento de las nuevas tecnologías = technologically challenged.* corpus de conocimiento = corpus of knowledge.* crear un fondo común de conocimientos = pool + knowledge.* cúmulo de conocimiento = repository of knowledge, knowledge repository.* decisión con conocimiento de causa = informed decision.* difundir el conocimiento = spread + knowledge.* director ejecutivo de la gestión del conocimiento = knowledge executive.* dominio del conocimiento = knowledge domain.* economía basada en el conocimiento = knowledge driven economy.* economía del conocimiento = knowledge economy.* Era del Conocimiento, la = Knowledge Age, the.* estructuración del conocimiento = knowledge structuring.* examinar los conocimientos = test + knowledge.* falta de conocimiento = unfamiliarity.* filtro del conocimiento = knowledge filter.* fomentar el conocimiento = advance + knowledge.* fondo común de conocimientos = pool of knowledge, pool of expertise.* frontera del conocimiento = frontier of knowledge.* fundamentos del conocimiento, los = foundations of knowledge, the.* gestión del conocimiento = knowledge management (KM).* gestor del conocimiento = knowledge worker, knowledge manager.* hacer avanzar el conocimiento = push back + the frontiers of knowledge.* hacer gala del conocimiento que uno tiene = air + knowledge.* hacer perder el conocimiento = knock + Nombre + out, knock + Nombre + unconscious.* hacer uso de un conocimiento = draw on/upon + knowledge.* impartir conocimiento = impart + knowledge.* inculcar conocimiento = instil + knowledge.* ingeniería del conocimiento = knowledge engineering.* ingeniero del conocimiento = knowledge engineer.* institucion del conocimiento = institution of learning.* intercambio de conocimientos = learning exchange, cross-fertilisation [cross-fertilization, -USA], cross-fertilisation of knowledge.* jefe de los servicios de gestión del conocimiento = chief knowledge officer (CKO).* metaconocimiento = meta-knowledge.* navegación por el conocimiento = knowledge navigation.* navegador del conocimiento = knowledge navigator.* obtener conocimiento = gain + an understanding.* ofrecer conocimiento = package + knowledge.* perder el conocimiento = lose + Posesivo + senses, pass out, lose + Posesivo + consciousness.* pérdida del conocimiento = unconsciousness, fainting, fainting fit, loss of consciousness.* personas sin conocimientos técnicos, las = non-technical, the.* presentar conocimiento = package + knowledge.* producto del conocimiento = knowledge record.* profundizar en el conocimiento = deepen + knowledge.* propagar el conocimiento = propagate + knowledge.* proporcionar conocimientos técnicos = supply + know-how.* quedarse sin conocimiento = lose + Posesivo + consciousness, pass out.* rama del conocimiento = branch of learning.* recobrar el conocimiento = regain + Posesivo + consciousness.* recuperar el conocimiento = regain + Posesivo + consciousness.* red de conocimiento = knowledge network.* servidor del conocimiento = knowledge server.* sin conocimiento = unconscious.* sin conocimiento de causa = unbeknown to, unbeknownst to.* sintetizar el conocimiento = synthesise + knowledge.* sistema basado en el conocimiento = knowledge-base system.* sistema de gestión del conocimiento = knowledge management system (KMS).* sociedad basada en el conocimiento = knowledge based society.* sociedad del conocimiento = knowledge society.* Sociedad para el Conocimiento Global = Global Knowledge Partnership.* suministrar conocimientos técnicos = supply + know-how.* tener conocimiento de = be privy to, be aware of.* toma de decisiones con conocimiento de causa = informed decision making.* tomar decisiones con conocimiento de causa = make + informed decisions.* transferencia de conocimiento = transfer of knowledge, knowledge transfer.* utilizar los conocimientos de Uno = put + Posesivo + knowledge to work.* * *1)a) ( saber) knowledgeb) conocimientos masculino plural ( nociones) knowledge2) (frml) ( información)dar conocimiento de algo a alguien — to inform o (frml) apprise somebody of something
pongo en su conocimiento que... — (Corresp) I am writing to inform you that...
llegar a conocimiento de alguien — to come to somebody's attention o notice (frml)
con conocimiento de causa: obró con conocimiento de causa (frml) he took this step, fully aware of what the consequences would be; hablo con conocimiento de causa — I know what I'm talking about
3) ( sentido) consciousnessperder/recobrar el conocimiento — to lose/regain consciousness
4) ( entendimiento)aún es pequeño, no tiene todavía conocimiento — he's not old enough to understand
* * *= cognition, competency, enlightenment, expertise, familiarisation [familiarization, -USA], familiarity, insight, knowledge, learning, acquaintance, understanding, cognisance [cognizance, -USA], connoisseurship, consciousness.Ex: The information-processing model of cognition, and developments in artificial intelligence encourage such comparisons = El modelo de la cognición sobre el procesamiento de la información de y los avances de la inteligencia artificial fomentan este tipo de comparaciones.
Ex: SLIS programmes intended to 'produce' librarians with competency in the use of IT have to be designed.Ex: Considered as necessary work in the interest of humanity and general enlightenment, bibliography gains ground as the years pass.Ex: Its primary function is to provide a centre for software and hardware expertise for its members.Ex: Step 1 Familiarisation: This first step involves the indexer in becoming conversant with the subject content of the document to be indexed.Ex: The most effective searchers are those who have both system experience and some familiarity with the subject area in which they are searching.Ex: The human indexer works mechanically and rapidly; he should require no insight into the document content.Ex: These factors form the basis of the problems in identifying a satisfactory subject approach, and start to explain the vast array of different tolls used in the subject approach to knowledge.Ex: It is the responsibility of educators to stretch their student's intellects, hone their skills of intuitive judgment and synthesis, and build a love of learning that will sustain them beyond the level of formal education.Ex: It is only with accumulating experience and many years of close study and acquaintance with bibliographic works that a really substantial body of knowledge of the potential of bibliographic sources is acquired.Ex: We librarians ought to have a clearer understanding of our stock-in-trade (books) and their function of social mechanism.Ex: The passive cognisance of growth causes considerable difficulties = El conocimiento pasivo del crecimiento causa dificultades importantes.Ex: This book explores the underlying institutional factors that help museum-based connoisseurship and aestheticism and university-based critical theory and revisionist scholarship exist.Ex: For example, the latter are unlikely to engage themselves in conservation issues as these now press upon the professional consciousness of librarians.* actualizar los conocimientos = upgrade + Posesivo + skills.* adquirir conocimiento = gain + knowledge, glean + knowledge, acquire + knowledge, build up + knowledge.* ampliar el conocimiento = expand + Posesivo + knowledge, expand + Posesivo + knowledge, widen + knowledge, broaden + knowledge, deepen + understanding.* ampliar las fronteras del conocimiento = push back + the frontiers of knowledge.* análisis de áreas del conocimiento = domain analysis.* análisis de dominios del conocimiento = domain analysis.* aprendizaje rico en conocimiento = knowledge-rich learning.* área de conocimiento = area of study.* área del conocimiento = area of knowledge, discipline, subject field, field of activity, knowledge domain, discipline of knowledge.* aumentar el conocimiento = expand + Posesivo + knowledge, deepen + awareness.* aumento del conocimiento = knowledge building.* bannco de conocimiento = knowledge bank.* basado en el conocimiento = knowledge-based.* basado en las disciplinas del conocimiento = discipline-based.* bibliotecario con conocimientos de medicina = informationist.* búsqueda del conocimiento = quest for/of knowledge.* campo del conocimiento = field of knowledge.* centrado en el conocimiento = knowledge-centric.* ciencia del conocimiento = cognitive science.* compartir el conocimiento = knowledge sharing, pool + knowledge.* con conocimiento = authoritatively.* con conocimiento básico en el manejo de la información = information literate [information-literate].* con conocimiento básico en el uso de la biblioteca = library literate [library-literate].* con conocimiento de = appreciative of, conversant with.* con conocimiento de causa = knowingly, knowingly.* con conocimiento de informática = computer literate [computer-literate].* con conocimiento en el uso de Internet = Internet-savvy.* con conocimientos en = versed in.* con conocimientos sobre el correo electrónico = e-mail literate.* con el conocimiento de que = on the understanding that.* conjunto de conocimientos = body of knowledge.* conocimiento académico = academic knowledge.* conocimiento acumulado sobre un tema = lore.* conocimiento básico = working familiarity, working knowledge.* conocimiento científico = scientific knowledge.* conocimiento compartido = knowledge sharing.* conocimiento de base = foundation study.* conocimiento de cómo sobrevivir en el bosque = woodcraft.* conocimiento de embarque = bill of lading.* conocimiento de la existencia = awareness.* conocimiento de lengua = language skill.* conocimiento del objeto = object knowledge.* conocimiento de los diferentes soportes = media competency.* conocimiento detallado = intimate knowledge.* conocimiento de un área temática = area knowledge.* conocimiento documentado = recorded knowledge.* conocimiento enciclopédico = factual knowledge.* conocimiento en tecnología = technological skill.* conocimiento específico = expert knowledge.* conocimiento experto = expert knowledge, expertise.* conocimiento explícito = explicit knowledge.* conocimiento factual = declarative knowledge.* conocimiento humano = human consciousness.* conocimiento humano, el = human record, the.* conocimiento indígena = indigenous knowledge.* conocimiento lingüístico = language skill.* conocimiento mutuo = mutual knowledge.* conocimiento pasivo = nodding acquaintance.* conocimiento pleno = awareness.* conocimiento práctico = working knowledge, procedural knowledge.* conocimiento previo = foreknowledge.* conocimientos = knowledge base [knowledge-base].* conocimientos básicos = literacy.* conocimientos básicos de búsqueda, recuperación y organización de informació = information literacy.* conocimientos básicos de documentación = information literacy.* conocimientos básicos de informática = computer literacy.* conocimientos básicos en tecnología = technical literacy.* conocimientos básicos sobre el uso de las bibliotecas = library skills.* conocimientos de tecnología = techno-savvy, tech-savvy.* conocimientos en el manejo de la información = info-savvy.* conocimiento sobre una materia = subject knowledge.* conocimientos requeridos = job specs.* conocimiento tácito = tacit knowledge, tacit knowledge, tacit knowledge.* conocimiento técnico = know-how, technical knowledge.* conocimiento teórico = declarative knowledge.* con poco conocimiento de las nuevas tecnologías = technologically challenged.* corpus de conocimiento = corpus of knowledge.* crear un fondo común de conocimientos = pool + knowledge.* cúmulo de conocimiento = repository of knowledge, knowledge repository.* decisión con conocimiento de causa = informed decision.* difundir el conocimiento = spread + knowledge.* director ejecutivo de la gestión del conocimiento = knowledge executive.* dominio del conocimiento = knowledge domain.* economía basada en el conocimiento = knowledge driven economy.* economía del conocimiento = knowledge economy.* Era del Conocimiento, la = Knowledge Age, the.* estructuración del conocimiento = knowledge structuring.* examinar los conocimientos = test + knowledge.* falta de conocimiento = unfamiliarity.* filtro del conocimiento = knowledge filter.* fomentar el conocimiento = advance + knowledge.* fondo común de conocimientos = pool of knowledge, pool of expertise.* frontera del conocimiento = frontier of knowledge.* fundamentos del conocimiento, los = foundations of knowledge, the.* gestión del conocimiento = knowledge management (KM).* gestor del conocimiento = knowledge worker, knowledge manager.* hacer avanzar el conocimiento = push back + the frontiers of knowledge.* hacer gala del conocimiento que uno tiene = air + knowledge.* hacer perder el conocimiento = knock + Nombre + out, knock + Nombre + unconscious.* hacer uso de un conocimiento = draw on/upon + knowledge.* impartir conocimiento = impart + knowledge.* inculcar conocimiento = instil + knowledge.* ingeniería del conocimiento = knowledge engineering.* ingeniero del conocimiento = knowledge engineer.* institucion del conocimiento = institution of learning.* intercambio de conocimientos = learning exchange, cross-fertilisation [cross-fertilization, -USA], cross-fertilisation of knowledge.* jefe de los servicios de gestión del conocimiento = chief knowledge officer (CKO).* metaconocimiento = meta-knowledge.* navegación por el conocimiento = knowledge navigation.* navegador del conocimiento = knowledge navigator.* obtener conocimiento = gain + an understanding.* ofrecer conocimiento = package + knowledge.* perder el conocimiento = lose + Posesivo + senses, pass out, lose + Posesivo + consciousness.* pérdida del conocimiento = unconsciousness, fainting, fainting fit, loss of consciousness.* personas sin conocimientos técnicos, las = non-technical, the.* presentar conocimiento = package + knowledge.* producto del conocimiento = knowledge record.* profundizar en el conocimiento = deepen + knowledge.* propagar el conocimiento = propagate + knowledge.* proporcionar conocimientos técnicos = supply + know-how.* quedarse sin conocimiento = lose + Posesivo + consciousness, pass out.* rama del conocimiento = branch of learning.* recobrar el conocimiento = regain + Posesivo + consciousness.* recuperar el conocimiento = regain + Posesivo + consciousness.* red de conocimiento = knowledge network.* servidor del conocimiento = knowledge server.* sin conocimiento = unconscious.* sin conocimiento de causa = unbeknown to, unbeknownst to.* sintetizar el conocimiento = synthesise + knowledge.* sistema basado en el conocimiento = knowledge-base system.* sistema de gestión del conocimiento = knowledge management system (KMS).* sociedad basada en el conocimiento = knowledge based society.* sociedad del conocimiento = knowledge society.* Sociedad para el Conocimiento Global = Global Knowledge Partnership.* suministrar conocimientos técnicos = supply + know-how.* tener conocimiento de = be privy to, be aware of.* toma de decisiones con conocimiento de causa = informed decision making.* tomar decisiones con conocimiento de causa = make + informed decisions.* transferencia de conocimiento = transfer of knowledge, knowledge transfer.* utilizar los conocimientos de Uno = put + Posesivo + knowledge to work.* * *A1 (saber) knowledgetiene algunos conocimientos de inglés he has some knowledge of English, he knows some EnglishB ( frml)(información): dio conocimiento del suceso a las autoridades he informed o ( frml) apprised the authorities of the incidentpuso el hecho en conocimiento de la policía she informed the police of the incident, she reported the incident to the policepongo en su conocimiento que … ( Corresp) I am writing to inform you that …al tener conocimiento del suceso upon learning of the incident ( frml)a esas horas no se tenía todavía conocimiento de la noticia at that time we/they still had not heard the newsciertas personas tienen conocimiento de sus actividades certain people are aware of her activitiesllegar a conocimiento de algn to come to sb's attention o notice ( frml)con conocimiento de causa: obró con conocimiento de causa ( frml); he took this step, fully aware of what the consequences would bete lo digo con conocimiento de causa I know what I'm talking aboutCompuesto:bill of lading, waybillC (sentido) consciousnessperder el conocimiento to lose consciousnesscuando recobró el conocimiento when he regained consciousness, when he came to o roundestar sin conocimiento to be unconsciousD(entendimiento): aún es pequeño, no tiene todavía conocimiento he's not old enough to understand* * *
conocimiento sustantivo masculino
poner algo en conocimiento de algn to inform sb of sth;
tener conocimiento de algo to be aware of sth
◊ perder/recobrar el conocimiento to lose/regain consciousness;
estar sin conocimiento to be unconscious
conocimiento sustantivo masculino
1 knowledge
2 (conciencia) consciousness
3 conocimientos, knowledge
♦ Locuciones: perder/recobrar el conocimiento, to lose/regain consciousness
con conocimiento de causa, with full knowledge of the facts
' conocimiento' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
braga
- ciencia
- conciencia
- desfallecer
- desvanecerse
- dominio
- error
- orientación
- parcela
- revelar
- sentida
- sentido
- experiencia
- perder
- pérdida
- reanimar
- recobrar
- saber
English:
acquaintance
- air
- black out
- blackout
- cognizance
- come to
- comprehensive
- consciousness
- familiarity
- grounding
- improve
- knock out
- knowledge
- notice
- privy
- recover
- self-awareness
- sketchy
- superficial
- thorough
- unconsciousness
- black
- knock
- know
- pass
* * *conocimiento nm1. [saber] knowledge;hablar/actuar con conocimiento de causa to know what one is talking about/doing;puso el robo en conocimiento de la policía she informed the police of the burglary;ponemos en su conocimiento que se ha detectado un error en el programa this is to inform you that an error has been detected in the program;no teníamos conocimiento de su dimisión we were not aware that he had resigned;al tener conocimiento del accidente, acudió inmediatamente al hospital when she found out about the accident she immediately went to the hospital;ha llegado a mi conocimiento que estás insatisfecho it has come to my attention that you are not happy2.conocimientos [nociones] knowledge;tengo algunos conocimientos de informática I have some knowledge of computers, I know a bit about computers;nuestros conocimientos acerca de la enfermedad son muy limitados our knowledge of the disease is very limited, we know very little about the disease3. [sentido, conciencia] consciousness;perder el conocimiento to lose consciousness;recobrar el conocimiento to regain consciousness;estaba tumbado en el suelo, sin conocimiento he was lying unconscious on the floor4. [juicio] (common) sense;no tiene todavía conocimiento para saber lo que es peligroso he doesn't yet have a sense of danger* * *m1 knowledge;poner alguien en conocimiento de algo inform s.o. of sth;para su conocimiento for your information;conocimientos pl ( nociones) knowledge sg2 MED consciousness;perder el conocimiento lose consciousness;sin conocimiento unconscious;recobrar el conocimiento regain consciousness* * *conocimiento nm1) : knowledge2) sentido: consciousness* * *1. (en general) knowledge2. (sentido) consciousness -
5 rechazo
m.1 rejection.mostró su rechazo he made his disapproval clearrechazo a hacer algo refusal to do something2 denial.3 rejection (medicine) (de órgano).4 rejected product, cull, rejected material.5 back stroke.pres.indicat.1st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: rechazar.* * *1 rejection, refusal2 MEDICINA rejection3 (negativa) denial, rejection\* * *noun m.rejection, refusal* * *SM1) (=negativa) refusalrechazo frontal — [de propuesta] outright rejection; [de oferta] flat refusal
2) (Med) rejection3) (=rebote) bounce, rebound4) (=desaire) rebuff5) [de fusil] recoil* * *masculino (de invitación, individuo, órgano) rejection; (de moción, enmienda) defeat* * *= rejection, dismissal, condemnation, denial, disapproval, renunciation, revulsion, defeat, disavowal, move away from, repudiation, block, thumbs down, deprecation, denouncement, denunciation, push factor, pushback.Ex. Informative abstracts both aid in the assessment of document relevance and selection or rejection.Ex. One possible result may be the dismissal of reference books, perhaps even libraries, as legitimate sources of information.Ex. This article critically examines Blaise Cronin's condemnation of social responsibility in librarianship.Ex. The obvious alternative would be denial of access to scholarly literature.Ex. A reference librarian must maintain a pleasant expression (rather than a scowl that is easily read as disapproval of present company).Ex. This approach is characterised by the renunciation of attempts to generate the wording of index entries algorithmically.Ex. As part of the worldwide revulsion against the fierce crackdown of peaceful dissidents now occurring in Cuba, the U.S. Congress has voted 414-0 to condemn the Cuban government for raiding 22 libraries.Ex. Indeed, in larger libraries, there are those who regard a referral as tantamount to an admission of defeat.Ex. Nevertheless, it is suggested that Marx's disavowal of religion as a force for instituting a universal class was premature.Ex. This is a radical move away from the accepted principle of using the actual item as the primary source of cataloguing data.Ex. These elite books are distinguished by their visible repudiation of mass culture and commercialism.Ex. Emotional blocks to reading can be formed by an unsatisfactory relationship with a teacher.Ex. The article 'Apple Macintosh: thumbs up? thumbs down?' considers whether online searchers should use Apple Macintosh machines.Ex. It uses humor rather than witticisms, and self-deprecation rather than deprecation of the professional field.Ex. The second document is a denouncement of slavery by Greenwich, who mobilizes the best tradition of scriptural exegesis to make his case.Ex. These denunciations make libraries look both sanctimonious and hypocritical for trying to save the world when they have failed to put ther own house in order.Ex. Unsurprisingly such misuse is triggered by push factors, such as fear of failure, and also pull factors, such as ease of use and the ubiquitous cut and paste.Ex. The public pushback about the new policy is astounding due to the fact folks were previously so apathetic about the old policy.----* Algo que produce rechazo = turn-off.* comportamiento de rechazo = avoidance behaviour.* factor de rechazo = push factor.* rechazo a la lectura = aliteracy.* rechazo total = bold statement against.* * *masculino (de invitación, individuo, órgano) rejection; (de moción, enmienda) defeat* * *= rejection, dismissal, condemnation, denial, disapproval, renunciation, revulsion, defeat, disavowal, move away from, repudiation, block, thumbs down, deprecation, denouncement, denunciation, push factor, pushback.Ex: Informative abstracts both aid in the assessment of document relevance and selection or rejection.
Ex: One possible result may be the dismissal of reference books, perhaps even libraries, as legitimate sources of information.Ex: This article critically examines Blaise Cronin's condemnation of social responsibility in librarianship.Ex: The obvious alternative would be denial of access to scholarly literature.Ex: A reference librarian must maintain a pleasant expression (rather than a scowl that is easily read as disapproval of present company).Ex: This approach is characterised by the renunciation of attempts to generate the wording of index entries algorithmically.Ex: As part of the worldwide revulsion against the fierce crackdown of peaceful dissidents now occurring in Cuba, the U.S. Congress has voted 414-0 to condemn the Cuban government for raiding 22 libraries.Ex: Indeed, in larger libraries, there are those who regard a referral as tantamount to an admission of defeat.Ex: Nevertheless, it is suggested that Marx's disavowal of religion as a force for instituting a universal class was premature.Ex: This is a radical move away from the accepted principle of using the actual item as the primary source of cataloguing data.Ex: These elite books are distinguished by their visible repudiation of mass culture and commercialism.Ex: Emotional blocks to reading can be formed by an unsatisfactory relationship with a teacher.Ex: The article 'Apple Macintosh: thumbs up? thumbs down?' considers whether online searchers should use Apple Macintosh machines.Ex: It uses humor rather than witticisms, and self-deprecation rather than deprecation of the professional field.Ex: The second document is a denouncement of slavery by Greenwich, who mobilizes the best tradition of scriptural exegesis to make his case.Ex: These denunciations make libraries look both sanctimonious and hypocritical for trying to save the world when they have failed to put ther own house in order.Ex: Unsurprisingly such misuse is triggered by push factors, such as fear of failure, and also pull factors, such as ease of use and the ubiquitous cut and paste.Ex: The public pushback about the new policy is astounding due to the fact folks were previously so apathetic about the old policy.* Algo que produce rechazo = turn-off.* comportamiento de rechazo = avoidance behaviour.* factor de rechazo = push factor.* rechazo a la lectura = aliteracy.* rechazo total = bold statement against.* * *1 (de una oferta, propuesta) rejection; (de una moción, enmienda) defeat2 ( Med) (de un órgano) rejection* * *
Del verbo rechazar: ( conjugate rechazar)
rechazo es:
1ª persona singular (yo) presente indicativo
rechazó es:
3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) pretérito indicativo
Multiple Entries:
rechazar
rechazo
rechazar ( conjugate rechazar) verbo transitivo
‹moción/enmienda› to defeat;
‹oferta/trabajo› to turn down
rechazo sustantivo masculino (de invitación, individuo, órgano) rejection;
(de moción, enmienda) defeat
rechazar verbo transitivo
1 (una idea, un plan, a una persona) to reject
(oferta, contrato) to turn down
2 Med (un órgano) to reject
3 Mil to repel
rechazo sustantivo masculino
1 (de una idea, petición, un plan) rejection
2 (desprecio) contempt: mostraron su rechazo al racismo, they showed their contempt for racism
' rechazo' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
anda
- constancia
- marginación
- para
- reaccionar
- silbar
- andar
- enérgico
- ni
- repulsa
English:
averse
- defeat
- deny
- dismissal
- refusal
- rejection
- repudiation
- snub
- straight
- strenuous
- vigorous
- will
- denial
- renunciation
* * *rechazo nm1. [no aceptación] rejection;[hacia una ley, un político] disapproval;mostró su rechazo he made his disapproval clear;los ciudadanos mostraron su rechazo al racismo the people made plain their rejection of racism;rechazo a hacer algo refusal to do sth;provocar el rechazo de alguien to meet with sb's disapprovalrechazo social social rejection2. [negación] denial3. Dep clearance* * *m rejection* * *rechazo nm: rejection, refusal* * *rechazo n rejection -
6 respuesta
f.1 answer, reply.en respuesta a in reply torespuesta afirmativa affirmative2 response.3 result, response.4 reaction, action resulting from a stimulus, response, responding.5 riposte, ripost.* * *1 (gen) answer, reply2 (reacción) response\en respuesta a in response to* * *noun f.answer, reply, response* * *SF1) (=contestación) [a pregunta, en examen, test] answer; [a carta, comentario] reply2) (=reacción)a) [ante un estímulo, ataque] responsela inflamación es una respuesta defensiva del organismo — the inflammation is a defensive response of the body
estoy satisfecho de la respuesta positiva del público — I am satisfied with the positive response from the public
b) [a problema] answerla falta de respuesta del gobierno a los problemas medioambientales — the government's failure to answer environmental problems
respuesta inmune, respuesta inmunitaria — immune response
* * *1)a) (a carta, mensaje) reply, answer, response (frml)b) ( reacción) response; (Psic) response2) ( solución) answer, solution* * *= answer, feedback, rejoinder, reply, response, satisfaction, take-up, retort, uptake.Ex. The combination of title lines, instruction line, and allowable answers is designed to tell you what step of the procedure you have reached.Ex. The statements are framed one at a time, and feedback is available at each stage, hence the term 'interactive searching'.Ex. The rejoinder was, I am sure, made in pursuit of a little humour.Ex. CRT displays, which produce their replies out of pure light, do provide rapid response.Ex. She had, suddenly, a new feeling, like a tardy response to the stimulus of an unfamiliar drug.Ex. Data retrieval involves the satisfaction of a request for information by providing the information as a direct answer to the question.Ex. One of the reasons for the relatively slow take-up of microcomputers in libraries in the Philippines is the problem caused by the multitude of languages used in the island group.Ex. All she would get would be the conundrum of her vague smile and the familiar retort: 'We'll look into that some other time'.Ex. The project is investigating the factors which promote or inhibit the uptake of computers in primary schools.----* buscar una respuesta = pursue + answer.* como respuesta a = in reply to, in response to.* dar respuesta = provide + answer, elicit + answer, develop + answer.* dar una respuesta = furnish + answer, frame + response.* de respuesta breve = short-answer.* de respuesta rápida = fast-fact.* en respuesta a = in reply to, in response to, be responsive to.* esperamos su repuesta = look forward to + hearing from you.* forzar una respuesta = coerce + a response.* incitar una respuesta = provoke + response.* índice de respuesta = response rate, rate of response.* no aceptar un no por respuesta = not take + no for an answer.* no tener respuesta = be unanswerable.* número de respuestas recibidas = response rate, rate of response.* ofrecer una respuesta = provide + answer.* plazo de respuesta = turnaround time, turnabout time.* pregunta con respuesta = answerable question.* pregunta de respuesta libre = open-ended question.* pregunta sin respuesta = unanswerable question.* preguntas y respuestas = questions and answers [Q&A].* proporcionar una respuesta = furnish + answer.* respuesta + buscar = answer + lie.* respuesta + encontrar = answer + lie.* respuesta galvánica de la piel = skin conductivity, skin electrical conductivity.* respuesta inmune = immune response.* respuesta positiva = positive response.* respuesta sí/no = yes/no response.* servicio de respuesta = turnaround.* suscitar una respuesta = evoke + response, elicit + response.* tasa de respuesta = response rate, rate of return, return rate, rate of response.* tiempo de respuesta = response time, turnaround time, turnabout time, fill time, reaction time.* * *1)a) (a carta, mensaje) reply, answer, response (frml)b) ( reacción) response; (Psic) response2) ( solución) answer, solution* * *= answer, feedback, rejoinder, reply, response, satisfaction, take-up, retort, uptake.Ex: The combination of title lines, instruction line, and allowable answers is designed to tell you what step of the procedure you have reached.
Ex: The statements are framed one at a time, and feedback is available at each stage, hence the term 'interactive searching'.Ex: The rejoinder was, I am sure, made in pursuit of a little humour.Ex: CRT displays, which produce their replies out of pure light, do provide rapid response.Ex: She had, suddenly, a new feeling, like a tardy response to the stimulus of an unfamiliar drug.Ex: Data retrieval involves the satisfaction of a request for information by providing the information as a direct answer to the question.Ex: One of the reasons for the relatively slow take-up of microcomputers in libraries in the Philippines is the problem caused by the multitude of languages used in the island group.Ex: All she would get would be the conundrum of her vague smile and the familiar retort: 'We'll look into that some other time'.Ex: The project is investigating the factors which promote or inhibit the uptake of computers in primary schools.* buscar una respuesta = pursue + answer.* como respuesta a = in reply to, in response to.* dar respuesta = provide + answer, elicit + answer, develop + answer.* dar una respuesta = furnish + answer, frame + response.* de respuesta breve = short-answer.* de respuesta rápida = fast-fact.* en respuesta a = in reply to, in response to, be responsive to.* esperamos su repuesta = look forward to + hearing from you.* forzar una respuesta = coerce + a response.* incitar una respuesta = provoke + response.* índice de respuesta = response rate, rate of response.* no aceptar un no por respuesta = not take + no for an answer.* no tener respuesta = be unanswerable.* número de respuestas recibidas = response rate, rate of response.* ofrecer una respuesta = provide + answer.* plazo de respuesta = turnaround time, turnabout time.* pregunta con respuesta = answerable question.* pregunta de respuesta libre = open-ended question.* pregunta sin respuesta = unanswerable question.* preguntas y respuestas = questions and answers [Q&A].* proporcionar una respuesta = furnish + answer.* respuesta + buscar = answer + lie.* respuesta + encontrar = answer + lie.* respuesta galvánica de la piel = skin conductivity, skin electrical conductivity.* respuesta inmune = immune response.* respuesta positiva = positive response.* respuesta sí/no = yes/no response.* servicio de respuesta = turnaround.* suscitar una respuesta = evoke + response, elicit + response.* tasa de respuesta = response rate, rate of return, return rate, rate of response.* tiempo de respuesta = response time, turnaround time, turnabout time, fill time, reaction time.* * *A1 (a una carta, un mensaje) reply, answer, response ( frml)no obtuvo respuesta a su carta she received no reply to her letter2 (reacción) responsela respuesta del gobierno a los disturbios the government's response to the riots3 ( Psic) responseB (solución) answer, solution* * *
respuesta sustantivo femenino
respuesta sustantivo femenino
1 answer, reply: sus plegarias no tuvieron respuesta, her prayers went unanswered
2 (a un tratamiento, estímulo) response
' respuesta' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
acertada
- acertado
- atinar
- callada
- corte
- evasiva
- hallar
- incorrecta
- incorrecto
- indigna
- indigno
- inmediatez
- nada
- no
- nunca
- ojalá
- pronta
- pronto
- soplar
- también
- tampoco
- tarascada
- acertar
- acierto
- afirmación
- afirmativo
- algo
- alguien
- antes
- apresurado
- atinado
- brusco
- categórico
- certero
- concluyente
- condescendiente
- contestación
- contundente
- copiar
- correcto
- cortado
- cortante
- cotejar
- definitivo
- desagradable
- desconcertar
- desear
- directo
- endulzar
- equivocado
English:
accurate
- answer
- backlash
- certainly
- concrete
- dark
- do
- grunt
- hazard
- ingenuous
- instantaneous
- name
- neither
- noncommittal
- pained
- prompt
- reply
- response
- retaliation
- right
- snappy
- stock
- straight
- straightforward
- unsatisfactory
- unsympathetic
- wrong
- yes-no question
- positively
- rejection
- will
* * *respuesta nf1. [contestación] answer, reply;[en exámenes] answer;en respuesta a in reply to;respuesta afirmativa affirmative reply2. [reacción] responseBiol respuesta inmunitaria immune response* * *f ( contestación) reply, answer; figresponse;en respuesta a in reply to; fig following* * *respuesta nf: answer, response* * *llamé, pero no obtuve respuesta I rang, but there was no answer2. (solución) answer3. (reacción) response -
7 socio
m.1 partner, associate, business associate.2 member, fellow, fellow partner.3 fellow, chap, guy, colleague.4 confederate, sidekick.Socio,especialmente en una conspiración Coleague, especially in a conspiracy5 ticket holder, season-ticket holder.* * *► nombre masculino,nombre femenino1 (miembro) member2 COMERCIO partner, associate3 (accionista) shareholder, member\hacerse socio,-a de un club to join a clubsocio,-a capitalista capitalist partnersocio,-a comanditario,-a sleeping partner, US silent partnersocio,-a fundador,-ra founding member* * *(f. - socia)noun1) member2) partner* * *socio, -aSM / F1) (=asociado) [de empresa] associate; [de club] member; [de sociedad docta] fellowhacerse socio de — to become a member of, join
se ruega a los señores socios... — members are asked to...
socio/a de honor — honorary member
socio/a de número — full member
socio/a honorario/a — honorary member
socio/a numerario/a — full member
socio/a vitalicio/a — life member
2) (Com, Econ) partnersocio capitalista, socio comanditario — sleeping partner, silent partner (EEUU)
3) * (=amigo) buddy, mate ** * *- cia masculino, femenino1) ( miembro) member2) (Der, Fin) partner3) (fam) ( camarada) buddy (AmE colloq), mate (BrE colloq)* * *= associate, member, partner, insider, business partner, business associate, sidekick.Ex. A collaborator is a person who works with one or more associates to produce a work.Ex. Its primary function is to provide a centre for software and hardware expertise for its members.Ex. Under this agreement, UTLAS has a Quebec partner with the exclusive right to offer UTLAS' services and products in that province.Ex. All libraries, particularly those with rare book or manuscript collections, should take steps to minimise insider thefts.Ex. The article 'Howdy partner' considers ways in which the Internet can be used as an ideal medium for bringing together people from around the world as business partners.Ex. Jackie Chan's long-time business associates have dismissed speculations that they have ended their partnership with the actor.Ex. Her sidekick and confidante is Gabrielle, the rightful queen of the Amazons who abdicated her throne in order to join Xena.----* campaña de captación de socios = membership drive.* carnet de socio = membership card.* hacerse socio de la biblioteca = join + library.* no socio = unaffiliated, non-member [nonmember].* socio comercial = trading partner, business associate.* socio corporativo = corporate partner.* socio correspondiente = corresponding member.* socio institucional = institutional member.* socios = membership.* socio vitalicio = life member.* * *- cia masculino, femenino1) ( miembro) member2) (Der, Fin) partner3) (fam) ( camarada) buddy (AmE colloq), mate (BrE colloq)* * *= associate, member, partner, insider, business partner, business associate, sidekick.Ex: A collaborator is a person who works with one or more associates to produce a work.
Ex: Its primary function is to provide a centre for software and hardware expertise for its members.Ex: Under this agreement, UTLAS has a Quebec partner with the exclusive right to offer UTLAS' services and products in that province.Ex: All libraries, particularly those with rare book or manuscript collections, should take steps to minimise insider thefts.Ex: The article 'Howdy partner' considers ways in which the Internet can be used as an ideal medium for bringing together people from around the world as business partners.Ex: Jackie Chan's long-time business associates have dismissed speculations that they have ended their partnership with the actor.Ex: Her sidekick and confidante is Gabrielle, the rightful queen of the Amazons who abdicated her throne in order to join Xena.* campaña de captación de socios = membership drive.* carnet de socio = membership card.* hacerse socio de la biblioteca = join + library.* no socio = unaffiliated, non-member [nonmember].* socio comercial = trading partner, business associate.* socio corporativo = corporate partner.* socio correspondiente = corresponding member.* socio institucional = institutional member.* socios = membership.* socio vitalicio = life member.* * *masculine, feminineA (miembro) memberse hizo socio del club náutico he became a member of o he joined the yacht clubCompuestos:● socio activo, socia activamasculine, feminine working partner● socio/socia de númeromasculine, feminine full member● socio fundador, socia fundadoramasculine, feminine founding member, founder member● socio honorario, socia honorariamasculine, feminine honorary member● socio vitalicio, socia vitaliciamasculine, feminine life memberCompuestos:● socio/socia accionistamasculine, feminine shareholder● socio/socia capitalista● socio comanditario, socia comanditariamasculine, feminine partner with limited liability ( esp a silent or sleeping partner)● socio/socia comercialmasculine trading partner● socio/socia industrialmasculine, feminine working o active partner● socio mayoritario, socia mayoritariamasculine, feminine majority shareholder* * *
socio◊ - cia sustantivo masculino, femenino
1 ( miembro) member;
2 (Der, Fin) partner;
3 (fam) ( camarada) buddy (AmE colloq), mate (BrE colloq)
socio,-a sustantivo masculino y femenino
1 (de una empresa, compañía) partner
socio capitalista, partner
2 (de un club) member
3 fam (colega, compañero) mate
' socio' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
socia
- aportación
- aportar
- carné
- mayoritario
English:
associate
- belong
- buy out
- fellow
- honorary
- join
- member
- membership
- membership card
- membership fee
- partner
- sleeping
- trading partner
- fee
- silent
* * *socio, -a nm,f1. Com partner;hacerse socio de una empresa to become a partner in a companysocio capitalista Br sleeping partner, US silent partner;socio comercial trading partner;socio fundador founding partner;socio mayoritario majority shareholder2. [miembro] member;hacerse socio de un club to join a clubsocio fundador founding o Br founder member;socio de número full member;socio vitalicio life member* * *m, socia f2 COM partner* * *1) : member2) : partner* * *socio n1. (de un grupo) member2. (de un negocio) partner -
8 prodotto
1. past part vedere produrre2. m productprodotti pl alimentari foodstuffsprodotti pl farmaceutici pharmaceuticalsprodotto finito finished productprodotto interno/nazionale lordo gross domestic/national productprodotti pl di bellezza cosmetics* * *prodotto agg.1 produced: articolo prodotto in serie, mass produced article // prodotto in Italia, Gran Bretagna, made in Italy, Great Britain◆ s.m.1 product; ( articolo) item, article: prodotti agricoli, agricultural produce (o products), ( destinati al mercato) cash crops; prodotti industriali, industrial products; prodotti del sottosuolo, mineral products; prodotti di banco, shelf items; prodotti alimentari, foodstuffs; prodotti dell'artigianato, handicraft; prodotti tessili, textiles; prodotti di bellezza, cosmetics; prodotti farmaceutici, pharmaceuticals (o pharmaceutical products); prodotti di base, fondamentali, primary (o staple) commodities; prodotto derivato, secondario, by-product; prodotti di seconda scelta, seconds; prodotto di scarto, waste product; prodotto ecologico, eco-friendly product; prodotto grezzo, unmanufactured product; prodotto semilavorato, semi-finished (o half-finished) product; prodotto lavorato, manufactured product; prodotti finiti, finished goods (o final products); prodotto finale, end-product; prodotti imitativi, imitations (o fam. amer. me-too products); prodotto congiunto, coproduct; prodotto esportato, export; gamma di prodotti, product range; prodotti etici, ethical goods // (econ.): prodotto nazionale, estero, home, foreign product; prodotto nazionale lordo (abbr. PNL), gross national product (abbr. GNP); prodotto interno lordo (abbr. PIL), gross domestic product (abbr. GDP); prodotto lordo, gross output; prodotto netto, net product // (geol.) prodotto per acro, ( riferito a un campo petrolifero) acre-yield2 (fig.) ( risultato, frutto) fruit, result, product; produce [U]: il prodotto delle mie fatiche, the fruits of my labour; questo è il prodotto della tua pigrizia, this is the result of your laziness; un prodotto dell'ingegno, a work of the intellect; un prodotto dell'immaginazione, a work of the imagination; quest'opera è il prodotto di un anno di ricerche, this work is the fruit (o product) of a year of research* * *[pro'dotto] prodotto (-a)1. ppSee:2. sm(gen) Mat product, (fig : risultato) result, fruit, product* * *[pro'dotto]sostantivo maschile1) product (anche fig.)-i della terra produce of the land; prodotto alimentare — food product
2) mat. product•prodotto finito — comm. end o finished product
* * *prodotto/pro'dotto/sostantivo m.2 mat. productprodotto di bellezza beauty product; prodotto finito comm. end o finished product; prodotto interno lordo gross domestic product; - i tessili textiles. -
9 сырье
1. crude materials2. primary productстраны, производящие сырье — primary producing countries
3. raw produce4. charge5. crude6. raw7. primaries8. raw materials9. staple10. raw material11. stock -
10 value chain
1. Gen Mgtthe sequence of activities a company performs in order to design, produce, market, deliver, and support its product or service. The concept of the value chain was first suggested by Michael Porter in 1985, to demonstrate how value for the customer accumulates along the chain of organizational activities that make up the final customer product or service. Porter describes two different types of business activity: primary and secondary. Primary activities are concerned principally with transforming inputs, such as raw materials, into outputs, in the form of products or services, delivery, and after-sales support. Secondary activities support the primary activities and include procurement, technology development, and human resource management. All of these activities form part of the value chain and can be analyzed to assess where opportunities for competitive advantage may lie. To survive competition and supply what customers want to buy, the firm has to ensure that all value chain activities link together, even if some of the activities take place outside the organization.2. HRthe most traditional approach to exploring career prospects, which involves identifying the next, most obvious, move in a career path. The next step is usually assumed to be the role occupied by a manager. -
11 Memory
To what extent can we lump together what goes on when you try to recall: (1) your name; (2) how you kick a football; and (3) the present location of your car keys? If we use introspective evidence as a guide, the first seems an immediate automatic response. The second may require constructive internal replay prior to our being able to produce a verbal description. The third... quite likely involves complex operational responses under the control of some general strategy system. Is any unitary search process, with a single set of characteristics and inputoutput relations, likely to cover all these cases? (Reitman, 1970, p. 485)[Semantic memory] Is a mental thesaurus, organized knowledge a person possesses about words and other verbal symbols, their meanings and referents, about relations among them, and about rules, formulas, and algorithms for the manipulation of these symbols, concepts, and relations. Semantic memory does not register perceptible properties of inputs, but rather cognitive referents of input signals. (Tulving, 1972, p. 386)The mnemonic code, far from being fixed and unchangeable, is structured and restructured along with general development. Such a restructuring of the code takes place in close dependence on the schemes of intelligence. The clearest indication of this is the observation of different types of memory organisation in accordance with the age level of a child so that a longer interval of retention without any new presentation, far from causing a deterioration of memory, may actually improve it. (Piaget & Inhelder, 1973, p. 36)4) The Logic of Some Memory Theorization Is of Dubious Worth in the History of PsychologyIf a cue was effective in memory retrieval, then one could infer it was encoded; if a cue was not effective, then it was not encoded. The logic of this theorization is "heads I win, tails you lose" and is of dubious worth in the history of psychology. We might ask how long scientists will puzzle over questions with no answers. (Solso, 1974, p. 28)We have iconic, echoic, active, working, acoustic, articulatory, primary, secondary, episodic, semantic, short-term, intermediate-term, and longterm memories, and these memories contain tags, traces, images, attributes, markers, concepts, cognitive maps, natural-language mediators, kernel sentences, relational rules, nodes, associations, propositions, higher-order memory units, and features. (Eysenck, 1977, p. 4)The problem with the memory metaphor is that storage and retrieval of traces only deals [ sic] with old, previously articulated information. Memory traces can perhaps provide a basis for dealing with the "sameness" of the present experience with previous experiences, but the memory metaphor has no mechanisms for dealing with novel information. (Bransford, McCarrell, Franks & Nitsch, 1977, p. 434)7) The Results of a Hundred Years of the Psychological Study of Memory Are Somewhat DiscouragingThe results of a hundred years of the psychological study of memory are somewhat discouraging. We have established firm empirical generalisations, but most of them are so obvious that every ten-year-old knows them anyway. We have made discoveries, but they are only marginally about memory; in many cases we don't know what to do with them, and wear them out with endless experimental variations. We have an intellectually impressive group of theories, but history offers little confidence that they will provide any meaningful insight into natural behavior. (Neisser, 1978, pp. 12-13)A schema, then is a data structure for representing the generic concepts stored in memory. There are schemata representing our knowledge about all concepts; those underlying objects, situations, events, sequences of events, actions and sequences of actions. A schema contains, as part of its specification, the network of interrelations that is believed to normally hold among the constituents of the concept in question. A schema theory embodies a prototype theory of meaning. That is, inasmuch as a schema underlying a concept stored in memory corresponds to the mean ing of that concept, meanings are encoded in terms of the typical or normal situations or events that instantiate that concept. (Rumelhart, 1980, p. 34)Memory appears to be constrained by a structure, a "syntax," perhaps at quite a low level, but it is free to be variable, deviant, even erratic at a higher level....Like the information system of language, memory can be explained in part by the abstract rules which underlie it, but only in part. The rules provide a basic competence, but they do not fully determine performance. (Campbell, 1982, pp. 228, 229)When people think about the mind, they often liken it to a physical space, with memories and ideas as objects contained within that space. Thus, we speak of ideas being in the dark corners or dim recesses of our minds, and of holding ideas in mind. Ideas may be in the front or back of our minds, or they may be difficult to grasp. With respect to the processes involved in memory, we talk about storing memories, of searching or looking for lost memories, and sometimes of finding them. An examination of common parlance, therefore, suggests that there is general adherence to what might be called the spatial metaphor. The basic assumptions of this metaphor are that memories are treated as objects stored in specific locations within the mind, and the retrieval process involves a search through the mind in order to find specific memories....However, while the spatial metaphor has shown extraordinary longevity, there have been some interesting changes over time in the precise form of analogy used. In particular, technological advances have influenced theoretical conceptualisations.... The original Greek analogies were based on wax tablets and aviaries; these were superseded by analogies involving switchboards, gramophones, tape recorders, libraries, conveyor belts, and underground maps. Most recently, the workings of human memory have been compared to computer functioning... and it has been suggested that the various memory stores found in computers have their counterparts in the human memory system. (Eysenck, 1984, pp. 79-80)Primary memory [as proposed by William James] relates to information that remains in consciousness after it has been perceived, and thus forms part of the psychological present, whereas secondary memory contains information about events that have left consciousness, and are therefore part of the psychological past. (Eysenck, 1984, p. 86)Once psychologists began to study long-term memory per se, they realized it may be divided into two main categories.... Semantic memories have to do with our general knowledge about the working of the world. We know what cars do, what stoves do, what the laws of gravity are, and so on. Episodic memories are largely events that took place at a time and place in our personal history. Remembering specific events about our own actions, about our family, and about our individual past falls into this category. With amnesia or in aging, what dims... is our personal episodic memories, save for those that are especially dear or painful to us. Our knowledge of how the world works remains pretty much intact. (Gazzaniga, 1988, p. 42)The nature of memory... provides a natural starting point for an analysis of thinking. Memory is the repository of many of the beliefs and representations that enter into thinking, and the retrievability of these representations can limit the quality of our thought. (Smith, 1990, p. 1)Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Memory
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12 Bedarf
Bedarf m 1. GEN need, requirement, demand; 2. WIWI demand, taste • Bedarf haben an GEN require • den Bedarf an etw. decken GEN meet the need for sth, satisfy the demand for sth* * *m 1. < Geschäft> need, requirement, demand; 2. <Vw> demand, taste ■ Bedarf haben an < Geschäft> require ■ den Bedarf an etw. decken < Geschäft> meet the need for sth, satisfy the demand for sth* * *Bedarf
need, want, supply, demand, occasion, (Erfordernis) requirement, (Verbrauch) consumption;
• bei Bedarf if required, on request;
• für sofortigen Bedarf for immediate requirements;
• nach Bedarf when required, as occasion may require, as requested;
• aufgeschobener Bedarf deferred (pent-up, US) demand;
• aufgestauter Bedarf pent-up (US) (replacement) demand;
• außerordentlicher Bedarf non-recurrent requirements;
• auf Spezialwerte beschränkter Bedarf (Börse) selective demand;
• dringender Bedarf urgent need;
• einheimischer Bedarf home demand (requirements), domestic demand;
• elastischer Bedarf elastic demand, discretionary wants;
• mittelbar entstandener Bedarf derived demand;
• gegenwärtiger Bedarf present needs;
• einvernehmlich geregelter Bedarf liquidated demand;
• geringer Bedarf not much required;
• gesteigerter Bedarf increased demand;
• inländischer Bedarf domestic (home, internal) demand;
• lebensnotwendiger Bedarf bare necessaries (necessities) of life;
• lebenswichtiger Bedarf essential supply, requirements of primary importance;
• lokaler Bedarf local requirements;
• möglicher Bedarf potential demand;
• nachträglicher Bedarf additional requirements;
• notwendiger Bedarf necessary requirements;
• öffentlicher Bedarf public requirements (expenditure);
• örtlicher Bedarf local consumption (wants);
• persönlicher Bedarf personal use (requirements, wants);
• preisabhängiger Bedarf price-dependent demand;
• spezifischer Bedarf selective demand;
• staatlicher Bedarf government consumption;
• täglicher Bedarf everyday consumption;
• tatsächlicher Bedarf actual demand;
• unelastischer Bedarf inelastic demand;
• gesamter volkswirtschaftlicher Bedarf schedule demand;
• voraussichtlicher Bedarf anticipated need (requirements);
• vordringlicher Bedarf primary demand;
• wirklicher Bedarf effective demand;
• zukünftiger Bedarf future needs;
• zurückgestellter Bedarf deferred demand;
• zusätzlicher Bedarf additional demand;
• Bedarf an Arbeitskräften labo(u)r requirements, number of jobs required;
• Bedarf zwischen Bestell- und Lieferzeit lead time demand;
• täglicher Bedarf an Lebensmitteln daily supply of food;
• Bedarf an Menschen und Material need for men and material;
• Bedarf am Platze local requirements;
• Bedarf an Produktionsgütern factor demand;
• Bedarf der Verbraucher consumer needs;
• Bedarf an Wohnhäusern deficiency of houses;
• Bedarf schriftlich angeben to record the requirements;
• nur für den eigenen Bedarf arbeiten to produce only for its own requirements;
• Bedarf befriedigen to meet the demand;
• seinen Bedarf bei... beziehen to draw one’s supplies from...;
• Bedarf decken to cover (comply with) the requirements, to supply (satisfy) the needs, to satisfy (meet) the demand;
• steigenden Bedarf des Handels decken to meet the increasing needs (demand) of trade;
• seinen Bedarf für die kommende Saison decken to order one’s supplies for the season;
• Bedarf haben to need, to require, to be in the market for;
• nach Bedarf halten (Zug) to stop when required;
• Bedarf hervorrufen (schaffen) to create a demand;
• Bedarf überdecken to swamp demand;
• Bedarf übersteigen to outstrip (outpace) the demand;
• entsprechend dem Bedarf des Kunden aktiv werden to act in response to customers’ requirements;
• hinter den Bedarf zurückfallen to fall short of the requirements. -
13 товар
эк.commodity, product, goodsвыпускать / производить товары — to turn out goods
освободить товар по уплате (соответствующей стороной) суммы — to release goods against payment
продвигать товар на рынок, создавать спрос на товар — to exploit a product
беспошлинные товары, товары, не облагаемые пошлиной — duty-free / free goods
дефицитные товары — scarce / bottleneck commodities / goods
импортные товары — imports, import commodities, foreign wares
инвестиционные / капитальные товары, товары производственного назначения — capital / investment goods
модные товары — fancy / style-and-fashion goods
наличные товар — present / spot goods
неходовые товары — unmarketable / slow-moving goods
основные товары — staple goods, basic commodities
потребительские товары — consumer commodities / goods, articles of consumption
потребительские товары длительного пользования (со сроком службы свыше 3 лет) — durable / hard / long-lived consumer goods, consumer durables
потребительские товары текущего пользования (в отличие от товаров длительного пользования) — current consumer goods
основные продовольственные товары — basic foodstuffs / food commodities
промышленные товары — industrial commodities, manufactured goods
сельскохозяйственные товары — farm / agricultural produce
транзитные товары — goods in transit, transit goods
ходовые товары — marketable / fast-moving goods
браковка / отказ от товаров — goods rejection
обеспечение продвижения товара на рынок — promotional / selling support
покупка товара за одну валюту для перепродажи за другую валюту (для обхода валютных ограничений) — commodity shunting
список товаров, запрещённых к ввозу или вывозу — embargo list
список товаров, не облагаемых пошлиной — free list
товары в пути — goods en route / in transit
товары военного назначения — defence / military goods
товары, закупаемые или продаваемые на срок — futures
товары, запрещённые к ввозу — prohibited / banned imports
список запрещённых (к ввозу) товаров — banned / prohibited goods list
товар, имеющийся в изобилии — abundant goods
товары, которые могут быть экспортированы — exportable commodities
товар, не подходящий для экспорта — unsuitable article for export
товары, облагаемые пошлиной — dutiable / tax(able) articles / goods
товары отечественного производства — home produce, home-made / domestic goods
товар, отпускаемый в кредит — credit stock
товары первой необходимости — prime necessities, essential goods / commodities
товары, подлежащие обмену — exchangeable goods
товары, предназначенные на экспорт — exportable goods
товары, продаваемые по сниженной цене (в целях рекламы) — low-price special goods
товары, сложенные на таможенном складе и не оплаченные пошлиной — goods in bond
товары, сталкивающиеся с иностранной конкуренцией (на внутреннем рынке) — import-competiting products
товары, чувствительные к иностранной конкуренции — import sensitive goods
товары, являющиеся объектом мировой торговли — goods entering international trade
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14 сырье
raw produce, primary product, raw material, staple, primary products, raw materials, raw product -
15 gigno
gigno, gĕnŭi, gĕnĭtum, 3 (archaic primary form of the pres. gĕno, ĕre:I.genit,
Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 19: genunt, Varr. ap. Prisc. p. 898 P.:genat,
Varr. R. R. 1, 31, 4: genitur, Auct. ap. Cic. Inv. 2, 42, 122; Cic. de Or. 2, 32, 141:genuntur,
Varr. R. R. 2, 6, 3:genamur,
Censor. 3, 1; inf. pass. geni, Lucr. 3, 797; gen. gerund. genendi, Varr. R. R. 1, 40, 1:genendo,
Censor. 3, 1; Arn. 4, 21; inf. pres. pass. gignier, Lucr. 3, 623; 6, 246; 807), v. a. [root gen-; Sanscr. ǵan-, ǵanami, beget; gātis, birth; Gr. gen- in gignomai, genos, gunê; Lat. genus, genius, gener, gens; also nascor (gn-; cf. gnatus), natura; cf. gamos, gambros (v. Curt. Gr. Etym. 536); gigno for gigeno, redupl. like gignomai], to beget, bear, bring forth, produce; in pass., to be born, to spring, arise, proceed; of animate and inanimate subjects and objects (syn.: creo, genero, pario).Lit.: Saturno, quem Coelus genuit, Enn. ap. Non. 197, 9 (Ann. v. 27 Vahl.):II.sextus (Hercules) hic ex Alcumena, quem Juppiter genuit,
Cic. N. D. 3, 16, 42:nec Hecubam causam interitus fuisse Trojanis, quod Alexandrum genuerit, nec Tyndareum Agamemnoni, quod Clytaemnestram,
id. Fat. 15, 34:quaecumque animal pariunt, in capita gignunt,
bring forth their young with the head foremost, Plin. 10, 64, 84, § 183. So of the human mother (mostly post-Aug.):idcirco, inquit Lacaena, genueram (filium),
Cic. Tusc. 1, 42, 102:e septem liberis, quos ipsa genuisset, unum superesse,
Curt. 10, 5, 23:rectius Lolliam induci, quando nullos liberos genuisset,
Tac. A. 12, 2 init.; Val. Max. 7, 7, 4; so,ex aliquo,
Curt. 8, 3, 3; Tac. A. 12, 3:pisces ova cum genuerunt, relinquunt,
Cic. N. D. 2, 51, 129:ova,
Plin. 11, 37, 80, § 204:omnia quae terra gignat (shortly before, pariat),
Cic. N. D. 1, 2, 4; cf. id. Fin. 5, 11, 33: o Romule, Romule die, Qualem te patriae custodem di genuerunt! Enn. ap. Cic. Rep. 1, 41, 64 (Ann. v. 116 Vahl.); cf.:ut idem deus urbem hanc gentibus, vos huic urbi genuisse videatur,
Cic. Phil. 14, 12, 32:ita ut plurimum (aurum) Asturia gignat,
Plin. 33. [p. 815] 4, 21, §78: India eos (beryllos) gignit,
id. 37, 5, 20, § 76:ad majora quaedam natura nos genuit et conformavit,
Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 23:deus animum ex sua mente et divinitate genuit,
id. Univ. 8.— Pass., usu. with abl., of either or both parents:Meri bellatores gignuntur,
Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 85:nuper erat genitus,
Ov. M. 10, 522:qui antecedente anno genitum eum scribant,
Suet. Tib. 5:septimo mense geniti,
Plin. 11, 37, 59, § 158:pellice genitus,
Liv. 40, 9, 2; Suet. Aug. 17:Jove genitus,
Curt. 8, 10, 1; 9, 8, 22:juvenes eadem matre geniti,
id. 6, 14, 4; Liv. 1, 3, 3; Suet. Aug. 17; id. Tib. 7; id. Ner. 5 fin.:genitum fratre adoptaverat,
Plin. Ep. 8, 18, 2.—Also with de, ab, ex:De quo Remulusque feroxque Acrota sunt geniti,
Ov. M. 14, 617:genitus de sanguine,
id. ib. 1, 748; id. H. 16, 117:de Jove,
Gell. 13, 1, 3 (cf. Cic. Rep. 2, 19, 34):filium ab eo genitum nominare,
Just. 12, 7, 10;but: a se (= ex se) genitum esse Vitellium,
Tac. H. 3, 64:puer ex ea genitus,
Curt. 8, 10, 36:(vacca) e terra genita,
Ov. M. 1, 615:dis genite et geniture deos,
Verg. A. 9, 642:dis genitus,
Quint. 1, 10, 9:adolescentis in omnium virtutum exempla geniti,
Vell. 2, 116, 2:quae in terris gignantur, ad usum hominum omnia creari,
Cic. Off. 1, 7, 22:nec enim id esset principium, quod gigneretur aliunde,
id. Rep. 6, 25:ubi tus gignitur,
Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 89:Corycium nemus, ubi crocum gignitur,
Curt. 3, 4 fin. — Poet. with inf.:omne potens animal leti genitumque nocere,
Luc. 6, 485.— Absol.:ut in gignendo, in educando perfacile appareat,
Cic. Fin. 2, 33, 109:hae (mulieres), quae gignunt, imbecillos edunt,
Cels. 2, 1 med.Trop., to produce, occasion, cause:multa nobis blandimenta natura ipsa genuit,
Cic. Cael. 17, 41:haec ipsa virtus amicitiam et gignit et continet,
id. Lael. 6, 20:ludus genuit trepidum certamen et iram, Ira truces inimicitias et funebre bellum,
Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 48:qui genuit in hac urbe dicendi copiam,
Cic. Brut. 73, 255:praeceptiones,
Auct. Her. 4, 3, 5:probationes,
Quint. 5, 1, 1:mel gignit insaniam,
Plin. 21, 13, 45, § 177; cf.:baccharis odor somnum gignit,
id. 21, 19, 77, § 132:alium sitim gignit,
id. 20, 6, 23, § 57.—In pass., to be born, to spring, arise, proceed:cum ipse (Cato) sui generis initium ac nominis ab se gigni et propagari vellet,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 70, § 180:ex hac maxima libertate tyrannis gignitur et illa injustissima et durissima servitus,
id. Rep. 1, 44:et aegritudines et metus et reliquae perturbationes omnes gignuntur ex ea (intemperantia),
id. Tusc. 4, 9, 22: Plato eas (ideas) gigni negat et ait semper esse, id. Or. 3, 10:ipsi autem intelligamus natura gigni sensum diligendi et benevolentiae caritatem,
id. Lael. 9, 32:odia etiam gigni sempiterna (opp. exstingui familiaritates),
id. ib. 10, 35:in animorum permotione gignenda,
id. de Or. 3, 30, 118:de gignenda et comparanda sapientia,
Gell. 13, 8, 1.—Hence, gignentĭa, ĭum, n. (fruit-bearing), organic bodies, things that grow, as plants, trees, etc.:loca nuda gignentium,
Sall. J. 79, 6:ilex aucta in altitudinem, quo cuncta gignentium natura fert,
id. ib. 93, 4:animam animantium omnium non corpoream esse... omniumque gignentium esse seniorem,
App. Dogm. Plat. p. 193; opp. animalia, Lact. de Ira Dei, 1, 13. -
16 Staite, William Edwards
[br]b. 19 April 1809 Bristol, Englandd. 26 September 1854 Caen, France[br]English inventor who did much to popularize electric lighting in early Victorian England and demonstrated the first self-regulating arc lamp.[br]Before devoting the whole of his attention to the electric light, Staite was a partner in a business of iron merchants and patented a method of obtaining extracts and essences. From 1834 he attempted to produce a continuous light by electricity. The first public exhibition of Staite's arc lamp incorporating a fixed-rate clockwork mechanism was given in 1847 to the Sunderland Literary and Philosophical Society. He also demonstrated an incandescent lamp with an iridioplatinum filament. Sir Joseph Wilson Swan recorded that it was attending lectures by Staite in Sunderland, Newcastle and Carlisle that started him on the quest which many years later was to lead to his incandescent lamp.In association with William Petrie (1821–1904), Staite made an important advance in the development of arc lamps by introducing automatic regulation of the carbon rods by way of an electromagnet. This was the first of many self-regulating arc lamps that were invented during the nineteenth century employing this principle. A contributory factor in the success of Staite's lamp was the semi enclosure of the arc in a transparent vessel that reduced the consumption of carbons, a feature not used again until the 1890s. His patents included processes for preparing carbons and the construction of primary cells for arc lighting. An improved lamp used by Staite in a theatrical production at Her Majesty's Theatre, London, in April 1849 may be considered the first commercial success of the electric light in England. In spite of the limitations imposed by the use of primary cells as the only available source of power, serious interest in this system of electric lighting was shown by railway companies and dock authorities. However, after he had developed a satisfactory arc lamp, an end to these early experiments was brought about by Staite's death.[br]BibliographyJuly 1847, British patent no. 1,1783 (electromagnetic regulation of an arc lamp).His manuscript "History of electric light" is in the Institution of Electrical Engineers archives.Further ReadingJ.J.Fahie, 1902, "Staite and Petrie's electric light 1846–1853", Electrical Engineer 30:297–301, 337–40, 374–6 (a detailed reliable account).G.Woodward, 1989, "Staite and Petrie: pioneers of electric lighting", Proceedings of the Institution of Electrical Engineers 136 (Part A): 290–6 GWBiographical history of technology > Staite, William Edwards
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17 продукт
article, item, output, product* * *проду́кт м.
productпроду́кт актива́ции яд. физ. — activate, activation productбро́совый проду́кт — waste (product)проду́кт взры́ва — explosion productвтори́чный проду́кт ( в процессе обогащения руды) — after-productпроду́кт горе́ния — combustion product, product of combustionгото́вый проду́кт — finished productпроду́кт деле́ния яд. физ. — fission productпроду́кт дестру́кции рез. — break-down productдроблё́ный проду́кт — crushed materialпроду́кт изна́шивания маш. — gritпроду́кт коксова́ния — coke by-productконе́чный проду́кт — final [end] productку́бовый проду́кт хим. — bottoms productнадрешё́тный проду́кт ( в грохочении) — the oversize, the plus materialнепревращё́нный проду́кт хим. — reactant remaining unreactedпроду́кт о́бжига — calcinateоборо́тный проду́кт — recycleотва́льный проду́кт — dump waste productото́гнанный проду́кт хим. — overhead productперви́чный проду́кт — primary productпищево́й проду́кт — food(-stuff)пищево́й, заморо́женный проду́кт — frozen food(-stuff)побо́чный проду́кт — by-productпобо́чный проду́кт поликонденса́ции — fragmentвыделя́ть побо́чный проду́кт поликонденса́ции — split out a fragment in polycondensationподрешё́тный проду́кт ( в грохочении) — the undersize, the minus materialподрешё́тный проду́кт остаё́тся в надрешё́тном проду́кте — the undersize passes over with the oversizeпромежу́точный проду́кт — маш. intermediate product, semiproduct; ( в процессе обогащения руды) middlingsпроду́кт размо́ла — ground materialпроду́кт распа́да яд. физ. — decay [disintegration, decomposition] productпроду́кт реа́кции хим. — reaction productпроду́кт сгора́ния — combustion product, product of combustionсгущё́нный проду́кт — thickened productсельскохозя́йственный проду́кт — farm product, farm produceтова́рный проду́кт — marketable (end) product, commodity product -
18 producto
nmproduct nproducto básico basic commodityproducto interior bruto (PIB) gross domestic product (GDP)producto líder leading productproducto nacional bruto (PNB) gross national product (GNP)producto nuevo new product producto primario primary productproducto principal leading productproducto principal de la marca brand leaderproductos goods, produceproductos acabados final products, finished goodsproductos básicos staple commoditiesproductos de desecho waste productsproductos finales final products[lang name="SpanishTraditionalSort"]productos gratuitos, mercaderías gratuitas (LAm) free goods[lang name="SpanishTraditionalSort"]productos a prueba, mercaderías a prueba (LAm) goods on approvalproductos químicos chemical products -
19 доказательство
сущ.evidence;proof;( аргумент) argument;( свидетельство тж) testimony;witness- доказательство виновности
- доказательство владения
- доказательство защиты
- доказательство мотива
- доказательство от противного
- доказательство подлинности завещания
- доказательство приоритета
- доказательство совершения преступления
- доказательство факта
- бесспорное доказательство
- веское доказательство
- вещественное доказательство
- документальное доказательство
- дополняющее доказательство
- достаточное доказательство
- достоверное доказательство
- косвенное доказательство
- ложное доказательство
- недопустимое доказательство
- необходимое доказательство
- неоспоримое доказательство
- опровержимое доказательство
- очевидное доказательство
- письменное доказательство
- подкрепляющее доказательство
- подтверждающее доказательство
- представленное доказательство
- презюмирующее доказательство
- приемлемое доказательство
- производное доказательство
- противоречащее доказательство
- прямое доказательство
- свидетельское доказательство
- судебное доказательство
- существенное доказательство
- сфабрикованное доказательство
- убедительное доказательство
- устное доказательство
- фактическое доказательстводоказательство, полученное в результате следственного эксперимента — evidence (proof) of an experiment
\доказательствоа, представленные сторонами — evidence produced by the parties
доказательство, вытекающее из существа дела — internal (intrinsic) evidence
доказательство, данное под присягой — evidence by affidavit; sworn evidence
доказательство, достаточное при отсутствии возражений — prima facie evidence
доказательство, основанное на умозаключении — opinion evidence
доказательство, полученное незаконным путём — illegally obtained (procured) evidence
доказательство, помогающее при опознании личности — ( преступника) identifying evidence
доказательство, помогающее установить местопребывание — ( подозреваемого) tracing evidence
доказательство, принимаемое судом — legal evidence
доказательство, связывающее подозреваемого с местом преступления — associative evidence
доказательство — ( или показание) по делу — evidence in the case
в качестве \доказательствоа — as (in) evidence
добывать (получать) \доказательствоа — to acquire (find, obtain, procure) evidence (proof)
допускать (принимать) \доказательствоа — to admit evidence (proof)
изымать (исключать) незаконно добытые \доказательствоа — to exclude (suppress, withdraw) illegally obtained (procured) evidence (proof)
недостаток доказательств — want of proof; --
обоснование \доказательствоа — foundation of evidence
опровергать \доказательствоа — to negate (rebut, refute) evidence (proof)
осмотр вещественных доказательств — examination of demonstrative (physical, real, tangible) evidence
оспаривать \доказательствоа — to challenge evidence (proof)
первичное (подлинное) доказательство — best (original, primary) evidence
подтверждать \доказательствоа — to corroborate evidence (proof)
получать \доказательствоа на месте — to procure evidence on the spot
представлять (предъявлять) \доказательствоа — to afford (bring forward, lay down, offer, present, produce, show) evidence (proof); ( в качестве доказательства тж) to adduce evidence (proof)
презумпция \доказательствоа — presumptive evidence
при отсутствии доказательств в пользу противного — лат. prima facie
принимаемый в качестве \доказательствоа — receivable in evidence
принимать в качестве \доказательствоа — to accept as evidence (proof); receive in evidence
сила \доказательствоа — strength of the evidence; --
совокупность доказательств — ( по делу) cumulative evidence; weight of evidence
суммировать \доказательствоа — to summarize evidence (proof)
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20 песня
(птиц, амфибий, китов, гиббонов) song (см. также пениепесня дефинитивная - definitive song, secondary songпесня дискретная - см. также песня прерывистаяпесня прерывистая, с систематической сменой напевов - discontinuous, based on eventual variety principleпесня слитная, по принципу непрерывной вариативности - unbroken, continuous, based on immediate variety principleврождённый шаблон как основа для обучения видоспецифической песня - templateимитации в песня - imitative song, mocking, mimickingMales of these species mimic with quite remarkable precision sounds whose acoustic parameters lie, as it first seems, far outside the limits of acoustic competence of a small passerine bird .исполнять песня - sing, give song, perform song (song performance), produce song, utter songисходные элементы песня - notes, syllablesиспользование общих элементов разными самцами даного вида - song elements sharingSome song types were shared, with minor variations, between individuals .организация временная - temporal organization, syntactic rulesAn increase in male sexual motivation can also be reflected in the utterance by him of a subsong that is structurally rather similar to the aggressive song accompanying most tense encounters between rivals .присада, с которой регулярно произносится песня - permanent song-post (of male)A male usually gives series of short advertising-songs from one of his habitual song-posts. When the singing bird becomes agitated for one reason or another, the pauses between such songs are gradually reduced, so that the previously discrete sounds are amalgamated into a practically unbroken extended advertising-song .репертуар исходных элементов (нот, фраз)Each male has a considerable repertoire of song phrases, eleven being noted from one individual during March .Birds switched from one phrase to another within the same spell of singing an they alsovaried individual phrases .фрагмент прерывистой песня - между двумя периодами молчания - bout of singingРусско-английский словарь по этологии (поведению животных) > песня
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См. также в других словарях:
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