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presents

  • 1 sending

    * * *
    (pl. -ar), f.
    2) gift, present sent;
    senda konungi vingjafar, hauka, hesta, tjöld, segl, eða aðra þá hluti, er sendingar eru, which are fit for presents;
    3) dish, course (eptir þat bjuggust menn til borða; því næst kómu inn sendingar, í fyrstu heitt kjöt).
    * * *
    f. a message; hann hafði þakksamliga tekit sendingu konungs, Eg. 198, passim; orð-sending, q. v.; fleygir hann spjóti til Sigvalda, … hlaut sendingina sá er stýrði, Fms. xi. 141; ek skal senda þér sending, Nj. 205.
    2. a ghost raised and sent by a wizard to an enemy is called sending, see Ísl. Þjóðs.
    3. a dish of meat; eptir þat bjuggusk menn til borða, því næst kómu inn sendingar, í fyrstu heitt kjöt, Fms. vii. 159; þá fóru sendingar inn ok var opin hurð, 314, Eg. 551; færðu sending þessa Halla, jafnan sé ek yðr á kveldum ekki drepa hendi við góðum sendingum, Fms. vi. 364; tak nú ok snæð þessa litlu sending, Stj. 443; þá er hann sat at einni ágætri veizlu … ok er sendingar kómu inn, mælti einn dróttseti, Bs. i. 37.
    4. presents sent; gjatir ok sendingar, Anecd. 10; með fögrum sendingum, Fms. ix. 338; hann fór margar sendi-farir með ágætum sendingum, 451; senda konungi vingjatir, hauka, hesta, tjöld, segl, eða aðra þá hluti er sendingar eru ( fit as presents), Ó. H. 127; þá hluti er þeir væntu at honum mundi sending í þykkja, Fms. iv. l. c.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > sending

  • 2 SKIPTA

    * * *
    (-pta, -ptr), v.
    s. e-u í tvá staði, to divide into two parts;
    s. e-u með sér, to divide between themselves (sumum mönnum skiptu þeir með sér til ánauðar);
    2) to share, deal out (nornir skipta geysiújafnt);
    enda skipti guð með oss, and so may God judge between us;
    3) to shift, change (s. litum, nafni, skapi);
    4) þat skiptir engu (litlu, miklu), it is of no (little, great) importance, it makes no (little, great) difference;
    mik skiptir engu, it is of no moment to me, does not concern me;
    s. máli, to be of importance (þótti henni allmiklu máli s., at þér tœkist stórmannliga);
    eiga máli at s. um e-t, to have a right to deal with, be concerned about, a thing;
    sér Pálnatoki, at mun tveimr um s., that it will turn out one way or the other;
    þat skipti mörgum hundruðum, it was a matter of (it amounted to) many hundreds;
    sitr Ólafr nú at búi sínu, svá at vetrum skipti, for several years;
    5) absol. to come about, happen;
    ef því er at s., if it comes to that;
    því er at s. þó, it will however turn out so;
    6) with preps., s. sér af e-u, to take part in, concern oneself with a thing (Glúmr skipti sér ekki af um búsýslu);
    undarliga skiptit ér til, ye do strangely with things;
    impers., skiptir e-n veg til, it turns out, comes to pass (þannig skipti til sem úlíkligra mundi þykkja);
    s. um e-u, to change;
    s. um trúnaði sínum, to go over to the other side;
    s. um e-t, to change (s. um bústað, lánardróttna, nafn);
    s. um, to come to a crisis, turn one way or other (skjótt mun um s.);
    s. e-u við e-n, to exchange with one another (s. höggum við e-n);
    s. orðum við e-n, to bandy words with one;
    s. ríki við e-n, to share the kingdom with (sá hann engan annan sinn kost en s. ríki við Harald);
    7) refl., skiptast, to divide themselves, disperse (skiptust þeir, snøru sumir norðr); to change (þá skiptust tungur á Englandi, er Vilhjálmr bastarðr vann England);
    recipr., skiptast e-u við, to make an exchange;
    s. gjöfum (höggum) við, to exchange presents (blows);
    s. við um róðr, to row by turns.
    * * *
    t, [A. S. scyftan; Engl. shift; Dan. skifte]:—to make a division of a thing, with dat. of the thing; to part, share, divide; skipta e-u í hluti, Eluc. 8; s. hrepp í fjórðunga, Grág. i. 443; s. liði í sveitir, Fms. ix. 511, x. 268; skipta þeir nú félagi sínu, Ld. 192; s. arfi, Eg. 197; s. með sér úmögum, Grág. i. 237 sqq.; sumum mönnum skiptu þeir með sér til ánauðar, Fms. i. 77; tóku þeir at herfangi allt fólk ok skiptu milli skipanna, vii. 195; s. vatni með mönnum, Grág. ii. 290; s. landi með okkr, 254; konungr skipti landi með sonum sínum, Fms. i. 6: s. e-u við e-n, to share it with another, Eg. 333, Fms. vii. 176; s. sundr, to part asunder, divide; ef sundr er skipt lögunum, þá mun sundr skipt friðinum, Nj. 164: to share, nornir skipta geysi-újafnt, Edda 11; enda skipti Guð með okkr, Nj. 165; látum s. Guð giptu, Fms. viii. (in a verse).
    2. so in the phrases, vil ek mér engu af skipta, I will take no share for myself, will take no part in, Bs. i. 7, Band. 9 new Ed.; skipta sér lítið af e-u, Hom. (St.), Fas. iii. 529; s. mér engu af við þik, to leave thee alone, Fms. ii. 162; Þorgils bað hann sér ekki s. af við hana, heed her not, vii. 219; Glúmr skipti sér ekki af um búsýslu, Glúm. 335; þat er hann skipti sér af um mál manna, when he took part in men’s affairs, Ld. 98.
    3. acc., skipta bækr í kapítala, Skálda 174; jörðin var í brott skipt, Stj. 26; s. föng sin, Hom. 151; s. fé sitt, 152: this usage is due to the influence of Latin, and is rare in classical writings, old or mod., cp. Grág. i. 84; s. sitt líf í betra efni, Mar.
    II. to shift, change, also with dat.; skipta litum, to change colour, Rb. 354; s. göngu sinni, 100; s. nafni, Fms. xi. 416; s. skapi, Nj. 217; s. skaplyndi, Fms. vii. 113; s. um trúnaði sínum, to turn to the other side, x. 125: rarely with acc., skipta í ýmis kvikendi (cp. skiptingr), Barl. 25.
    2. skipta e-u, to be of importance to a matter, to change or alter it; eigi skiptir þat arfi, it does not change the inheritance, Grág. i. 183; eiga máli at s. um e-t, to be concerned about a thing, Nj. 87, 240; þótti henni allmiklu máli s., it concerned her much, Ó. H. 31, 97; þat skiptir engu, it does not matter, Fms. vi. 14; þykki mér þat miklu s., Eg. 714; kveðsk ok engu máli þykkja s., it did not matter to him, Ísl. ii. 350; mik skiptir öngu, Nj. 33; ek ætla mik öngu s. hverr þú ert, Fms. x. 295; eigi þykki mér s. (‘tis indifferent to me) í hverjum flokki ek em, Ó. H. 204; þik mun litlu s. um mína liðsemd, thou wilt get but little good from my help, Eg. 722; ef máli skiptir, if it be of importance, Skálda 162; hitt skiptir hana enn meira, it is of more moment for her, Ld. 136; þik mun þat eigi (engu?) skipta, 72; hvat mun þik þat s., dæmðr ertú nú til dauða, Fs. 96; eigi mun þat nú s., Nj. 134; til alls er jarli þótti skipta, Fms. xi. 128; þat skiptir hverr byðr, it makes all the difference, i. 181; þá skipti hversu gott væri mitt yfir-bragð, ef mikit er, Fb. i. 391; þat mun tveimr skipta, one of the two, of two extremes, Ld. 34, Fms. vii. 95; sér Pálnatóki, at mun tveimr um skipta, it must turn one way or the other, of the decisive moment, xi. 96; um þenna mann mun stórum s., Ó. H. 140; eigi skiptir þat (þá at) högum til, ‘tis not as it should be, Fb. 1. 331, Fs. 79: þat skipti mörgum hundraðum, it is a matter of many hundreds, amounts to several hundreds, Eb. 328, Bs. ii. 56; sitr Ólafr nú at búi sínu svá at vetrum skipti, for several years, Ld. 110; matlausir svá at mörgum dægrum skipti, Fms. ii. 97, Bs. i. 339, Fb. i. 431; það skiptir tugum, etc.
    3. þannig skipti til (it so turned out, it came to pass) sem úlikligra mundi þykkja, Fms. vii. 161: skipta til = skipa til, to arrange, dispose, Bjarn. 6l; skipta um, to come to a crisis, turn one way or other, Glúm. 369; skjótt mun um skipta, Ó. H. 209; láta þann verða fund okkarn, at um skipti með oss, 94.
    III. to exchange; skipta e-u við e-n, to exchange with another; s. höggum við e-n, Ó. H. 214; s. orðum við e-n, Nj. 62; skipta jörðum í aðrar, to exchange them with others, Gþl. 60, Barl. 4, 75, 106; vildi Sveinn skipta hornum við nafna sinn, Orkn. 246; s. orðum við e-n, s. til, undarliga skipti ér til, ye make strange shifts with things, turn them up and down, Ó. H. 67; s. um e-t, to exchange; s. um bústaði, lánar-drottna, namn, Nj. 29, 57, Fms. xi. 426, Rb. 300; hann skipti þar um er honum þótti þurfa, Nj. 122 (um-skipti).
    IV. absol. to change, come about, happen; ef þeir eigu nokkuru at s., Sks. 252 B; ef því er at skipta, if that is to happen, if it comes to that, Eg. 426; þótt því sé at s., Nj. 168, Fms. vi. 416, Ó. H. 33; þvi er at skipta þó, it will however turn out so, Fær. 32.
    B. Reflex. to divide themselves, disperse; skiptusk þeir, snöru sumir norðr, Fms. v. 44; skiptask til landa, Hom. 129.
    2. to turn oneself, change; náliga mátti kalla at hann skiptisk í allan annan mann, Sturl. i. 125 C; líkamir várir skiptask til meiri dýrðar, Eluc. 43; nema fleira hafi skipzk (= skipask) um hagi þína, Fas. i. 72; þar skiptisk stórum sólar-gangr, varies much, Sks. 200 B; þá skiptusk tungur ( changed) á Englandi, er Vilhjalmr bastarðr vann England, Ísl. ii. 221; þá er tungur skiptusk, Rb. 340.
    II. recipr., skiptask e-u við, to make an exchange; skiptask gjöfum við, to exchange presents, Eg. 250, Njarð. 362, Fms. xi. 224; skiptask orðum, málum við, Ld. 38, Fms. vii. 138; s. höggum við, Eg. 221; skiptask við um róðr, to row by turns, 362: mod., skiptask á um e-t, id.; skiptask drottins-dagar á stöfum, to change alternately, Rb. 488; skiptask til vöku, to take turns in watching, Stj. 394.
    III. pass., skiptast manna á milli, Sks. 442.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > SKIPTA

  • 3 Á

    * * *
    a negative suffix to verbs, not;
    era útmakligt, at it is not unmeet that.
    * * *
    1.
    á, prep., often used elliptically, or even adverbially, [Goth. ana; Engl. on; Germ. an. In the Scandinavian idioms the liquid n is absorbed. In English the same has been supposed to happen in adverbial phrases, e. g. ‘along, away, abroad, afoot, again, agate, ahead, aloft, alone, askew, aside, astray, awry,’ etc. It is indeed true that the Ormulum in its northern dialect freq. uses o, even in common phrases, such as ‘o boke, o land, o life, o slæpe, o strande, o write, o naht, o loft,’ etc., v. the glossary; and we may compare on foot and afoot, on sleep (Engl. Vers. of Bible) and asleep; A. S. a-butan and on-butan (about); agen and ongean (again, against); on bæc, aback; on life, alive; on middan, amid. But it is more than likely that in the expressions quoted above, as well as in numberless others, as well in old as in modern English, the English a- as well as the o- of the Ormulum and the modern Scottish and north of England o- are in reality remains of this very á pronounced au or ow, which was brought by the Scandinavian settlers into the north of England. In the struggle for supremacy between the English dialects after the Conquest, the Scandinavian form á or a won the day in many cases to the exclusion of the Anglo-Saxon on. Some of these adverbs have representatives only in the Scandinavian tongues, not in Anglo-Saxon; see below, with dat. B. II, C. VII; with acc. C. I. and VI. The prep. á denotes the surface or outside; í and ór the inside; at, til, and frá, nearness measured to or from an object: á thus answers to the Gr. επί; the Lat. in includes á and i together.]
    With dat. and acc.: in the first case with the notion of remaining on a place, answering to Lat. in with abl.; in the last with the notion of motion to the place, = Lat. in with acc.
    WITH DAT.
    A. Loc.
    I. generally on, upon; á gólfi, on the floor, Nj. 2; á hendi, on the hand (of a ring), 48, 225; á palli, 50; á steini, 108; á vegg, 115; á sjá ok á landi, on sea and land. In some instances the distinction between d and i is loose and wavering, but in most cases common sense and usage decide; thus ‘á bók’ merely denotes the letters, the penmanship, ‘í’ the contents of a book; mod. usage, however, prefers ‘í,’ lesa í bók, but stafr á bók. Old writers on the other hand; á bókum Enskum, in English books, Landn. 24, but í Aldafars bók, 23 (in the book De Mensurâ Temporum, by Bede), cp. Grág. i. 76, where á is a false reading instead of at; á bréfi, the contents of a letter: of clothing or arms, mítr á höfði, sverð á hlið, mitre on head, sword on side, Fms. i. 266, viii. 404; hafa lykil á sér, on one’s person, 655 xxvii. 22; möttull á tyglum, a mantle hanging on (i. e. fastened by) laces, Fms. vii. 201: á þingi means to be present at a meeting; í þingi, to abide within a jurisdiction; á himni, á jörðu, on (Engl. in) heaven and earth, e. g. in the Lord’s Prayer, but í helviti, in hell; á Gimli, Edda (of a heavenly abode); á báti, á skipi denote crew and cargo, ‘í’ the timber or materials of which a ship is built, Eg. 385; vera í stafni á skipi, 177: á skógi, to be abroad in a wood (of a hunter, robber, deer); but to be situated (a house), at work (to fell timber), í skógi, 573, Fs. 5, Fms. iii. 122, viii. 31, xi. 1, Glúm. 330, Landn. 173; á mörkinni, Fms. i. 8, but í mörk, of a farm; á firðinum means lying in a firth, of ships or islands (on the surface of the water), þær eyjar liggja á Breiðafirði, Ld. 36; but í firði, living in a district named Firth; á landi, Nj. 98, Fms. xi. 386.
    II. á is commonly used in connection with the pr. names or countries terminating in ‘land,’ Engl. in, á Englandi, Írlandi, Skotlandi, Bretlandi, Saxlandi, Vindlandi, Vínlandi, Grænalandi, Íslandi, Hálogalandi, Rogalandi, Jótlandi, Frakklandi, Hjaltlandi, Jamtalandi, Hvítramannalandi, Norðrlöndum, etc., vide Landn. and the index to Fms. xii. In old writers í is here very rare, in modern authors more frequent; taste and the context in many instances decide. An Icelander would now say, speaking of the queen or king, ‘á Englandi,’ ruling over, but to live ‘í Englandi,’ or ‘á Englandi;’ the rule in the last case not being quite fixed.
    2. in connection with other names of countries: á Mæri, Vörs, Ögðum, Fjölum, all districts of Norway, v. Landn.; á Mýrum (in Icel.), á Finnmörk, Landn., á Fjóni (a Danish island); but í Danmörk, Svíþjóð (á Svíþjóðu is poët., Gs. 13).
    3. before Icel. farms denoting open and elevated slopes and spaces (not too high, because then ‘at’ must be used), such as ‘staðr, völlr, ból, hjalli, bakki, heimr, eyri,’ etc.; á Veggjum, Landn. 69; á Hólmlátri, id.: those ending in ‘-staðr,’ á Geirmundarstöðum, Þórisstöðum, Jarðlangsstöðum…, Landn.: ‘-völlr,’ á Möðruvöllum: á Fitjum (the farm) í Storð (the island), í Fenhring (the island) á Aski (the farm), Landn., Eg.: ‘-nes’ sometimes takes á, sometimes í (in mod. usage always ‘í’), á Nesi, Eb. 14, or í Krossnesi, 30; in the last case the notion of island, νησος, prevails: so also, ‘fjörðr,’ as, þeir börðust á Vigrafirði (of a fight o n the ice), Landn. 101, but orusta í Hafrsfirði, 122: with ‘-bær,’ á is used in the sense of a farm or estate, hón sa á e-m bæ mikit hús ok fagrt, Edda 22; ‘í bæ’ means within doors, of the buildings: with ‘Bær’ as pr. name Landn. uses ‘í,’ 71, 160, 257, 309, 332.
    4. denoting on or just above; of the sun, when the time is fixed by regarding the sun in connection with points in the horizon, a standing phrase in Icel.; sól á gjáhamri, when the sun is on the crag of the Rift, Grág. i. 26, cp. Glúm. 387; so, brú á á, a bridge on a river, Fms. viii. 179, Hrafn. 20; taka hús á e-m, to surprise one, to take the house over his head, Fms. i. 11.
    III. á is sometimes used in old writers where we should now expect an acc., esp. in the phrase, leggja sverði (or the like) á e-m, or á e-m miðjum, to stab, Eg. 216, Gísl. 106, Band. 14; þá stakk Starkaðr sprotanum á konungi, then Starkad stabbed the king with the wand, Fas. iii. 34; bíta á kampi (vör), to bite the lips, as a token of pain or emotion, Nj. 209, 68; taka á e-u, to touch a thing, lay hold of it, v. taka; fá á e-u, id. (poët.); leggja hendr á (better at) síðum, in wrestling, Fms. x. 331; koma á úvart á e-m, to come on one unawares, ix. 407 (rare).
    B. TEMP. of a particular point or period of time, at, on, in:
    I. gener. denoting during, in the course of; á nótt, degi, nætrþeli …, Bs. i. 139; or spec. adding a pron. or an adject., á næsta sumri, the next summer; á því ári, þingi, misseri, hausti, vári, sumri …, during, in that year …, Bs. i. 679, etc.; á þrem sumrum, in the course of three summers, Grág. i. 218; á þrem várum, Fms. ii. 114; á hálfs mánaðar fresti, within half a month’s delay, Nj. 99; á tvítugs, sextugs … aldri, á barns, gamals aldri, etc., at the age of …, v. aldr: á dögum e-s, in the days of, in his reign or time, Landn. 24, Hrafn. 3, Fms. ix. 229.
    II. used of a fixed recurrent period or season; á várum, sumrum, haustum, vetrum, á kveldum, every spring, summer …, in the evenings, Eg. 711, Fms. i. 23, 25, vi. 394, Landn. 292: with the numeral adverbs, cp. Lat. ter in anno, um sinn á mánuði, ári, once a month, once a year, where the Engl. a is not the article but the preposition, Grág. i. 89.
    III. of duration; á degi, during a whole day, Fms. v. 48; á sjau nóttum, Bárð. 166; á því meli, during that time, in the meantime, Grág. i. 259.
    IV. connected with the seasons (á vetri, sumri, vári, hausti), ‘á’ denotes the next preceding season, the last winter, summer, autumn, Eb. 40, 238, Ld. 206: in such instances ‘á’ denotes the past, ‘at’ the future, ‘í’ the present; thus í vetri in old writers means this winter; á vetri, last winter; at vetri, next winter, Eb. 68 (in a verse), etc.
    C. In various other relations, more or less metaphorically, on, upon, in, to, with, towards, against:
    I. denoting object, in respect of, against, almost periphrastically; dvelja á náðum e-s, under one’s protection, Fms. i. 74; hafa metnað á e-u, to be proud of, to take pride in a thing, 127.
    2. denoting a personal relation, in; bæta e-t á e-m, to make amends, i. e. to one personally; misgöra e-t á e-m, to inflict wrong on one; hafa elsku (hatr) á e-m, to bear love ( hatred) to one, Fms. ix. 242; hefna sín á e-m, to take revenge on one’s person, on anyone; rjúfa sætt á e-m, to break truce on the person of any one, to offend against his person, Nj. 103; hafa sár á sér, 101; sjá á e-m, to read on or in one’s face; sér hann á hverjum manni hvárt til þín er vel eðr illa, 106; var þat brátt auðséð á hennar högum, at …, it could soon be seen in all her doings, that …, Ld. 22.
    3. also generally to shew signs of a thing; sýna fáleika á sér, to shew marks of displeasure, Nj. 14, Fs. 14; taka vel, illa, lítt, á e-u, to take a thing well, ill, or indifferently, id.; finna á sér, to feel in oneself; fann lítt á honum, hvárt …, it could hardly be seen in his face, whether …, Eb. 42; líkindi eru á, it is likely, Ld. 172; göra kost á e-u, to give a choice, chance of it, 178; eiga vald á e-u, to have power over …, Nj. 10.
    II. denoting encumbrance, duty, liability; er fimtardómsmál á þeim, to be subject to …, Nj. 231; the phrase, hafa e-t á hendi, or vera á hendi e-m, on one’s hands, of work or duty to be done; eindagi á fé, term, pay day, Grág. i. 140; ómagi (skylda, afvinna) á fé, of a burden or encumbrance, D. I. and Grág. in several passages.
    III. with a personal pronoun, sér, mér, honum …, denoting personal appearance, temper, character, look, or the like; vera þungr, léttr … á sér, to be heavy or light, either bodily or mentally; þungr á sér, corpulent, Sturl. i. 112; kátr ok léttr á sér, of a gay and light temper, Fms. x. 152; þat bragð hafði hann á sér, he looked as if, … the expression of his face was as though …, Ld., cp. the mod. phrase, hafa á sér svip, bragð, æði, sið, of one’s manner or personal appearance, to bear oneself as, or the like; skjótr (seinn) á fæti, speedy ( slow) of foot, Nj. 258.
    IV. as a periphrasis of the possessive pronoun connected with the limbs or parts of the body. In common Icel. such phrases as my hands, eyes, head … are hardly ever used, but höfuð, eyru, hár, nef, munnr, hendr, fætr … á mér; so ‘í’ is used of the internal parts, e. g. hjarta, bein … í mér; the eyes are regarded as inside the body, augun í honum: also without the possessive pronoun, or as a periphrasis for a genitive, brjóstið á e-m, one’s breast, Nj. 95, Edda 15; súrnar í augum, it smarts in my eyes, my eyes smart, Nj. 202; kviðinn á sér, its belly, 655 xxx. 5, Fms. vi. 350; hendr á henni, her hands, Gísl. (in a verse); í vörunum á honum, on his lips, Band. 14; ristin á honum, his step, Fms. viii. 141; harðr í tungu, sharp of tongue, Hallfred (Fs. 114); kalt (heitt) á fingrum, höndum, fótum …, cold ( warm) in the fingers, hands, feet …, i. e. with cold fingers, etc.; cp. also the phrase, verða vísa (orð) á munni, of extemporising verses or speeches, freq. in the Sagas; fastr á fótum, fast by the leg, of a bondsman, Nj. 27: of the whole body, díla fundu þeir á honum, 209. The pers. pron. is used only in solemn style (poetry, hymns, the Bible), and perhaps only when influenced by foreign languages, e. g. mitt hjarta hví svo hryggist þú, as a translation of ‘warumb betrübst du dich mein Herz?’ the famous hymn by Hans Sachs; instead of the popular hjartað í mér, Sl. 43, 44: hjartað mitt is only used as a term of endearment, as by a husband to his wife, parents to their child, or the like, in a metaphorical sense; the heart proper is ‘í mér,’ not ‘mitt.’
    2. of other things, and as a periphrasis of a genitive, of a part belonging to the whole, e. g. dyrr á husi = húsdyrr, at the house-doors; turn á kirkju = kirkju turn; stafn, skutr, segl, árar … á skipi, the stem, stern, sail … of a ship, Fms. ix. 135; blöð á lauk, á tré …, leaves of a leek, of a tree …, Fas. i. 469; egg á sverði = sverðs egg; stafr á bók; kjölr á bók, and in endless other instances.
    V. denoting instrumentality, by, on, or a-, by means of; afla fjár á hólmgöngum, to make money a-duelling, by means of duels, Eg. 498; á verkum sínum, to subsist on one’s own work, Njarð. 366: as a law term, sekjast á e-ju, to be convicted upon …, Grág. i. 123; sekst maðr þar á sínu eigini ( a man is guilty in re sua), ef hann tekr af þeim manni er heimild ( possessio) hefir til, ii. 191; falla á verkum sínum, to be killed flagranti delicto, v. above; fella e-n á bragði, by a sleight in wrestling; komast undan á flótta, to escape by flight, Eg. 11; á hlaupi, by one’s feet, by speed, Hkr. ii. 168; lifa á e-u, to feed on; bergja á e-u, to taste of a thing; svala sér á e-u, to quench the thirst on.
    VI. with subst. numerals; á þriðja tigi manna, up to thirty, i. e. from about twenty to thirty, Ld. 194; á öðru hundraði skipa, from one to two hundred sail strong, Fms. x. 126; á níunda tigi, between eighty and ninety years of age, Eg. 764, v. above: used as prep., á hendi, on one’s hand, i. e. bound to do it, v. hönd.
    VII. in more or less adverbial phrases it may often be translated in Engl. by a participle and a- prefixed; á lopti, aloft; á floti, afloat; á lífi, alive; á verðgangi, a-begging; á brautu, away; á baki, a-back, behind, past; á milli, a-tween; á laun, alone, secretly; á launungu, id.; á móti, against; á enda, at an end, gone; á huldu, hidden; fara á hæli, to go a-heel, i. e. backwards, Fms. vii. 70;—but in many cases these phrases are transl. by the Engl. partic. with a, which is then perh. a mere prefix, not a prep., á flugi, a-flying in the air, Nj. 79; vera á gangi, a-going; á ferli, to be about; á leiki, a-playing, Fms. i. 78; á sundi, a-swimming, ii. 27; á verði, a-watching, x. 201; á hrakningi, a-wandering; á reiki, a-wavering; á skjálfi, a-shivering; á-hleri, a-listening; á tali, a-talking, Ísl. ii. 200; á hlaupi, a-running, Hkr. ii. 268; á verki, a-working; á veiðum, a-hunting; á fiski, a-fishing; á beit, grazing: and as a law term it even means in flagranti, N. G. L. i. 348.
    VIII. used absolutely without a case in reference to the air or the weather, where ‘á’ is almost redundant; þoka var á mikil, a thick fog came on, Nj. 267; niðamyrkr var á, pitch darkness came on, Eg. 210; allhvast á norðan, a very strong breeze from the north, Fms. ix. 20; þá var á norðrænt, a north wind came on, 42, Ld. 56; hvaðan sem á er, from whatever point the wind is; var á hríð veðrs, a snow storm came on, Nj. 282; görði á regn, rain came on, Fms. vi. 394, xi. 35, Ld. 156.
    WITH ACC.
    A. Loc.
    I. denoting simple direction towards, esp. connected with verbs of motion, going, or the like; hann gékk á bergsnös, Eg. 389; á hamar, Fas. ii. 517.
    2. in phrases denoting direction; liggja á útborða, lying on the outside of the ship, Eg. 354; á annat borð skipinu, Fms. vii. 260; á bæði borð, on both sides of the ship, Nj. 124, Ld. 56; á tvær hliðar, on both sides, Fms. v. 73. Ísl. ii. 159; á hlið, sidewards; út á hlið, Nj. 262, Edda 44; á aðra hönd henni, Nj. 50, Ld. 46; höggva á tvær hendr, to hew or strike right and left, Ísl. ii. 368, Fas. i. 384, Fms. viii. 363, x. 383.
    3. upp á, upon; hann tók augu Þjaza ok kastaði upp á himin, Edda 47: with verbs denoting to look, see, horfa, sjá, líta, etc.; hann rak skygnur á land, he cast glances towards the land, Ld. 154.
    II. denoting direction with or without the idea of arriving:
    1. with verbs denoting to aim at; of a blow or thrust, stefna á fótinn, Nj. 84; spjótið stefnir á hann miðjan, 205: of the wind, gékk veðrit á vestr, the wind veered to west, Fms. ix. 28; sigla á haf, to stand out to sea, Hkr. i. 146, Fms. i. 39: with ‘út’ added, Eg. 390, Fms. x. 349.
    2. conveying the notion of arriving, or the intervening space being traversed; spjótið kom á miðjan skjöldinn, Eg. 379, Nj. 96, 97; langt upp á land, far up inland, Hkr. i. 146: to reach, taka ofan á belti, of the long locks of a woman, to reach down to the belt, Nj. 2; ofan á bringu, 48; á þa ofan, 91.
    III. without reference to the space traversed, connected with verbs denoting to go, turn, come, ride, sail, throw, or the like, motion of every kind; hann kastar honum á völlinn, he flings him down, Nj. 91; hlaupa á skip sitt, to leap on board his ship, 43; á hest, to mount quickly, Edda 75; á lend hestinum, Nj. 91; hann gengr á sáðland sitt, he walks on to his fields, 82: on, upon, komast á fætr, to get upon one’s legs, 92; ganga á land, to go a-shore, Fms. i. 40; ganga á þing, vii. 242, Grág. (often); á skóg, á merkr ok skóga, into a wood, Fb. i. 134, 257, Fms. xi. 118, Eg. 577, Nj. 130; fara á Finnmörk, to go travelling in Finmark, Fms. i. 8; koma, fara á bæ, to arrive at the farm-house; koma á veginn, Eg. 578; stíga á bát, skip, to go on board, 158; hann gékk upp á borg, he went up to the burg (castle), 717; en er þeir komu á loptriðið, 236; hrinda skipum á vatn, to float the ships down into the water, Fms. i. 58; reka austr á haf, to drift eastwards on the sea, x. 145; ríða ofan á, to ride down or over, Nj. 82.
    IV. in some cases the acc. is used where the dat. would be used, esp. with verbs denoting to see or hear, in such phrases as, þeir sá boða mikinn inn á fjörðinn, they saw great breakers away up in the bight of the firth, the acc. being due perhaps to a motion or direction of the eye or ear towards the object, Nj. 124; sá þeir fólkit á land, they saw the people in the direction of land, Fas. ii. 517: in phrases denoting to be placed, to sit, to be seated, the seat or bench is freq. in the acc. where the dat. would now be used; konungr var þar á land upp, the king was then up the country, the spectator or narrator is conceived as looking from the shore or sea-side, Nj. 46; sitja á miðjan bekk, to be seated on the middle bench, 50; skyldi konungs sæti vera á þann bekk … annat öndvegi var á hinn úæðra pall; hann setti konungs hásæti á miðjan þverpall, Fms. vi. 439, 440, cp. Fagrsk. l. c., Sturl. iii. 182; eru víða fjallbygðir upp á mörkina, in the mark or forest, Eg. 58; var þar mörk mikil á land upp, 229; mannsafnaðr er á land upp (viewed from the sea), Ld. 76; stóll var settr á mótið, Fas. i. 58; beiða fars á skip, to beg a passage, Grág. i. 90.
    V. denoting parts of the body; bíta e-n á barka, to bite one in the throat, Ísl. ii. 447; skera á háls, to cut the throat of any one, Nj. 156; brjóta e-n á háls, to break any one’s neck; brjóta e-n á bak, to break any one’s back, Fms. vii. 119; kalinn á kné, frozen to the knees with cold, Hm. 3.
    VI. denoting round; láta reipi á háls hesti, round his horse’s neck, 623. 33; leggja söðul á hest, Nj. 83; and ellipt., leggja á, to saddle; breiða feld á hofuð sér, to wrap a cloak over his head, 164; reyta á sik mosa, to gather moss to cover oneself with, 267; spenna hring á hönd, á fingr, Eg. 300.
    VII. denoting a burden; stela mat á tvá hesta, hey á fimtán hesta, i. e. a two, a fifteen horse load, Nj. 74: metaph., kjósa feigð á menn, to choose death upon them, i. e. doom them to death, Edda 22.
    B. TEMP.
    I. of a period of time, at, to; á morgun, to-morrow (í morgun now means the past morning, the morning of to-day), Ísl. ii. 333.
    II. if connected with the word day, ‘á’ is now used before a fixed or marked day, a day of the week, a feast day, or the like; á Laugardag, á Sunnudag …, on Saturday, Sunday, the Old Engl. a-Sunday, a-Monday, etc.; á Jóladaginn, Páskadaginn, on Yule and Easter-day; but in old writers more often used ellipt. Sunnudaginn, Jóladaginn …, by dropping the prep. ‘á,’ Fms. viii. 397, Grág. i. 18.
    III. connected with ‘dagr’ with the definite article suffixed, ‘á’ denotes a fixed, recurring period or season, in; á daginn, during the day-time, every day in turn, Grett. 91 A.
    IV. connected with ‘evening, morning, the seasons,’ with the article; á kveldit, every evening, Ld. 14; á sumarit, every summer, Vd. 128, where the new Ed. Fs. 51 reads sumrum; á haust, every autumn, Eg. 741 (perh. a misprint instead of á haustin or á haustum); á vetrinn, in the winter time, 710; á várit, every spring, Gþl. 347; the sing., however, is very rare in such cases, the old as well as mod. usage prefers the plur.; á nætrnar, by night, Nj. 210; á várin, Eg. 710; á sumrin, haustin, á morgnana, in the morning (á morgin, sing., means to-morrow); á kveldin, in the evening, only ‘dagr’ is used in sing., v. above (á daginn, not á dagana); but elliptically and by dropping the article, Icelanders say, kveld og morgna, nótt og dag, vetr sumar vor og haust, in the same sense as those above mentioned.
    V. denoting duration, the article is dropped in the negative phrase, aldri á sinn dag, never during one’s life; aldri á mína daga, never in my life, Bjarn. 8, where a possess. pron. is put between noun and prep., but this phrase is very rare. Such phrases as, á þann dag, that day, and á þenna dag, Stj. 12, 655 xxx. 2. 20, are unclassical.
    VI. á dag without article can only be used in a distributive sense, e. g. tvisvar á dag, twice a-day; this use is at present freq. in Icel., yet instances from old writers are not on record.
    VII. denoting a movement onward in time, such as, liðið á nótt, dag, kveld, morgun, sumar, vetr, vár, haust (or nóttina, daginn …), jól, páska, föstu, or the like, far on in the night, day …, Edda 33; er á leið vetrinn, when the winter was well on, as the winter wore on, Nj. 126; cp. áliðinn: also in the phrase, hniginn á inn efra aldr, well stricken in years, Ld. 68.
    C. Metaph. and in various relations:
    I. somewhat metaphorically, denoting an act only (not the place); fara á fund, á vit e-s, to call for one, Eg. 140; koma á ræðu við e-n, to come to a parley with, to speak, 173; ganga á tal, Nj. 103; skora á hólm, to challenge to a duel on an island; koma á grið, to enter into a service, to be domiciled, Grág. i. 151; fara á veiðar, to go a-hunting, Fms. i. 8.
    β. generally denoting on, upon, in, to; bjóða vöxtu á féit, to offer interest on the money, Grág. i. 198; ganga á berhögg, to come to blows, v. berhögg; fá á e-n, to make an impression upon one, Nj. 79; ganga á vápn e-s, to throw oneself on an enemy’s weapon, meet him face to face, Rd. 310; ganga á lagið, to press on up the spear-shaft after it has passed through one so as to get near one’s foe, i. e. to avail oneself of the last chance; bera fé á e-n, to bribe, Nj. 62; bera öl á e-n, to make drunk, Fas. i. 13; snúinn á e-t, inclined to, Fms. x. 142; sammælast á e-t, to agree upon, Nj. 86; sættast, verða sáttr á e-t, in the same sense, to come to an agreement, settlement, or atonement, 78, Edda 15, Eb. 288, Ld. 50, Fms. i. 279; ganga á mála, to serve for pay as a soldier, Nj. 121; ganga á vald e-s, to put oneself in his power, 267; ganga á sætt, to break an agreement; vega á veittar trygðir, to break truce, Grág. ii. 169.
    II. denoting in regard to, in respect to:
    1. of colour, complexion, the hue of the hair, or the like; hvítr, jarpr, dökkr … á hár, having white, brown, or dark … hair, Ísl. ii. 190, Nj. 39; svartr á brún ok brá, dark of brow and eyebrow; dökkr á hörund, id., etc.
    2. denoting skill, dexterity; hagr á tré, a good carpenter; hagr á járn, málm, smíðar …, an expert worker in iron, metals …, Eg. 4; fimr á boga, good at the bow: also used of mastership in science or arts, meistari á hörpuslátt, a master in striking the harp, Fas. iii. 220; fræðimaðr á kvæði, knowing many poems by heart, Fms. vi. 391; fræðimaðr á landnámssögur ok forna fræði, a learned scholar in histories and antiquities (of Are Frode), Ísl. ii. 189; mikill á íþrótt, skilful in an art, Edda (pref.) 148; but dat. in the phrase, kunna (vel) á skíðum, to be a cunning skater, Fms. i. 9, vii. 120.
    3. denoting dimensions; á hæð, lengd, breidd, dýpt …, in the heighth, length, breadth, depth …, Eg. 277; á hvern veg, on each side, Edda 41 (square miles); á annan veg, on the one side, Grág. i. 89.
    β. the phrase, á sik, in regard to oneself, vel (illa) á sik kominn, of a fine ( ugly) appearance, Ld. 100, Fas. iii. 74.
    III. denoting instrumentality; bjargast á sínar hendr, to live on the work of one’s own hands, (á sínar spýtur is a mod. phrase in the same sense); (vega) á skálir, pundara, to weigh in scales, Grág. ii. 370; at hann hefði tvá pundara, ok hefði á hinn meira keypt en á hinn minna selt, of a man using two scales, a big one for buying and a little one for selling, Sturl. i. 91; á sinn kostnað, at one’s own expense; nefna e-n á nafn, by name, Grág. i. 17, etc. The Icel. also say, spinna á rokk, snældu, to spin on or with a rock or distaff; mala á kvern, to grind in a ‘querne,’ where Edda 73 uses dat.; esp. of musical instruments, syngja, leika á hljóðfæri, hörpu, gígju …; in the old usage, leika hörpu …, Stj. 458.
    IV. denoting the manner or way of doing:
    1. á þessa lund, in this wise, Grág. ii. 22; á marga vega, á alla, ymsa vega, in many, all, respects, Fms. i. 114; á sitt hóf, in its turn, respectively, Ld. 136, where the context shews that the expression answers to the Lat. mutatis mutandis; á Þýðersku, after German fashion, Sks. 288.
    2. esp. of language; mæla, rita á e-a tungu, to speak, write in a tongue; á Írsku, in Irish, Ld. 76; Norrænu, in Norse, Eb. 330, Vm. 35; a Danska tungu, in Danish, i. e. Scandinavian, Norse, or Icelandic, Grág. i. 18; á Vára tungu, i. e. in Icelandic, 181; rita á Norræna tungu, to write in Norse, Hkr. (pref.), Bs. i. 59:—at present, dat. is sometimes used.
    3. in some phrases the acc. is used instead of the dat.; hann sýndi á sik mikit gaman, Fms. x. 329; hann lét ekki á sik finna, he shewed no sign of motion, Nj. 111; skaltú önga fáleika á þik gera (Cod. Kalf.), 14.
    V. used in a distributive sense; skal mörk kaupa gæzlu á kú, eðr oxa fim vetra gamlan, a mark for every cow, Grág. i. 147; alin á hvert hross, 442; á mann, per man (now freq.): cp. also á dag above, lit. B.
    VI. connected with nouns,
    1. prepositional; á hendr (with dat.), against; á hæla, at heel, close behind; á bak, at back, i. e. past, after; á vit (with gen.), towards.
    2. adverbially; á braut, away, abroad; á víxl, in turns; á mis, amiss; á víð ok dreif, a-wide and a-drift, i. e. dispersedly.
    3. used almost redundantly before the following prep.; á eptir, after, behind; á undan, in front of; á meðal, á milli, among; á mót, against; á við, about, alike; á frá (cp. Swed. ifrån), from (rare); á fyrir = fyrir, Haustl. 1; á hjá, beside (rare); á fram, a-head, forwards; á samt, together; ávalt = of allt, always: following a prep., upp á, upon; niðr á, down upon; ofan á, eptir á, post eventum, (temp.) á eptir is loc., id., etc.
    VII. connected with many transitive verbs, answering to the Lat. ad- or in-, in composition, in many cases periphrastically for an objective case. The prep. generally follows after the verb, instead of being prefixed to it as in Lat., and answers to the Engl. on, to; heita kalla, hrópa á, to call on; heyra, hlusta, hlyða á, to hearken to, listen to; hyggja, hugsa á, to think on; minna á, to remind; sjá, líta, horfa, stara, mæna, glápa, koma auga … á, to look on; girnast á, to wish for; trúa á, to believe on; skora á, to call on any one to come out, challenge; kæra á, to accuse; heilsa á, to greet; herja, ganga, ríða, hlaupa, ráða … á, to fall on, attack, cp. ágangr, áreið, áhlaup; ljúga á, to tell lies of, to slander; telja á, to carp at; ausa, tala, hella, kasta, verpa … á, to pour, throw on; ríða, bera, dreifa á, to sprinkle on; vanta, skorta á, to fall short of; ala á, to plead, beg; leggja á, to throw a spell on, lay a saddle on; hætta á, to venture on; gizka á, to guess at; kveða á, to fix on, etc.: in a reciprocal sense, haldast á, of mutual strife; sendast á, to exchange presents; skrifast á, to correspond (mod.); kallast á, to shout mutually; standast á, to coincide, so as to be just opposite one another, etc.
    2.
    f. [Lat. aqua; Goth. ahva; Hel. aha; A. S. eâ; O. H. G. aha, owa; cp. Germ. ach and aue; Fr. eau, eaux; Engl. Ax-, Ex-, etc., in names of places; Swed.-Dan. å; the Scandinavians absorb the hu, so that only a single vowel or diphthong remains of the whole word]:—a river. The old form in nom. dat. acc. sing. is , v. the introduction to A, page 1, Bs. i. 333 sq., where ́n, ́ (acc.), and ́na; so also Greg. 677; the old fragm. of Grág. ii. 222, 223, new Ed. In the Kb. of the Edda the old form occurs twice, viz. page 75, ́na (acc.), (but two lines below, ána), í ́nni (dat.) The old form also repeatedly occurs in the Kb. and Sb. of the Grág., e. g. ii. 266, 267: gen. sing. ár; nom. pl. ár, gen. á contracted, dat. ám, obsolete form ́m; Edda 43, Eg. 80, 99, 133, 185: proverbs, at ósi skal á stemma, answering to the Lat. principiis obsta, Edda 60; hér kemr á til sæfar, here the river runs into the sea, metaph. = this is the very end, seems to have been a favourite ending of old poems; it is recorded in the Húsdrápa and the Norðsetadrápa, v. Edda 96, Skálda 198; cp. the common saying, oil vötn renna til sævar, ‘all waters run into the sea.’ Rivers with glacier water are in Icel. called Hvítá, White river, or Jökulsá: Hitá, Hot river, from a hot spring, opp. to Kaldá, v. Landn.: others take a name from the fish in them, as Laxá, Lax or Salmon river (freq.); Örriða á, etc.: a tributary river is þverá, etc.: ár in the Njála often means the great rivers Ölfusá and Þjórsá in the south of Iceland. Áin helga, a river in Sweden, Hkr. ii: á is also suffixed to the names of foreign rivers, Tempsá = Thames; Dóná, Danube (Germ. Don-au), (mod.), etc. Vide Edda (Gl.) 116, 117, containing the names of over a hundred North-English and Scottish rivers.
    COMPDS: áráll, árbakki, árbrot, ardjúp, árfarvegr, árfors, árgljúfr, árhlutr, ármegin, árminni, ármót, áróss, árreki, árstraumr, árströnd, árvað, árvegr, árvöxtr.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > Á

  • 4 FÓRN

    * * *
    a.
    1) old (f. vinátta, f. mjóðr);
    2) ancient; fornir menn, the men of old; f. siðr, the old (heathen) custom, religion; f. átrúnaðr, the old creed, heathenism; f. í skapi, inclined to old, or heathen, ways; hann var f. mjök, he was a great wizard; at fornu, til, forna, formerly, in times fast.
    * * *
    (fórur, f. pl., Ver. 6), f. offering, [prob. a word of Lat. and eccl. origin, derived from Lat. offerre; after the introduction of Christianity the old heathen word blót (q. v.) became odious, as denoting heathen sacrifice, and is consequently never used in connection with Christian worship; its place being taken by the word fórn]:— a sacrifice in the Jewish sense, and in the Christian sense an offering to God; but it is scarcely ever used in a heathen sense—the passage Fær. 103 is quite peculiar: the phrase, færa fórn, to bring an offering, Stj. passim; Gúð mun sér sjá fórn til handa, 131, passim; brenni-fórn, a burnt offering; dreypi-fórn, a drink offering; synda-fórn, a sin offering, Bible, Vídal. passim: fórnar-blöð, n, the sacrificial blood, Stj. 305, 318; fórnar-brauð, n. and fórnar-hleifr, m. the shew-bread, Stj. 474, 565 (panis propositionis, Vulg.); fórnar-kvikindi, n. a victim, Stj. 430; fórnar-skrín, n. a shrine in which the wafer is kept, Vm. 55; fórnar-söngr, m. the offertory in the Roman Catholic service, 625. 190.
    2. metaph. chiefly in pl. offerings, presents; in this sense it occurs in Am. 5 (a poem not too old for such a word), Fms. ix. 416; ríkar ok fagrar fórnir, Str. 34; fórnar-lauss, adj. not bringing an offering, Al. 172: sing., aldri ætla ek óþarfari fórn færða Sveini konungi, en þetta it vánda höfuð, Mork. 87.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > FÓRN

  • 5 heimta

    * * *
    I)
    (-mta, -mtr), v.
    1) to draw, pull; heimta upp akkeri, to weigh anchor; fig., heimta sik fram með fégjöfum, to make one’s way by giving presents; heimta sik í vináttu við e-n, to get on friendly terms with one; heimta nyt af fé, to milk cattle;
    2) to get back, recover, regain (þóttust þeir hafa hann ór helju heimtan); esp., to get home the sheep from the summer pastures;
    3) to claim (heimta e-t at e-m); heimta arf, skuld, toll, to claim an inheritance, debt, toll; heimta vilmæli, to claim the fulfilment of a promise; heimta e-n á tal við sik, to ask for an interview with one;
    4) impers., e-n heimtir, one longs (slíks var ván, at þik mundi þangat heimta);
    5) refl., heimtast fram at aldri, to advance in years; heimtast saman, to gather together, join (heimtust brátt skip hans saman).
    f.
    1) claim, demand (of payment due to one);
    2) esp. in pl. (heimtur) bringing home sheep from the summer pastures (verða heimta góðar).
    * * *
    u, f. a claim, demand, of payment due to one, or the like, Sturl. i. 113, Grág. ii. 379, K. Á. 84, Fb. i. 471, (fjár-heimta, arf-h.)
    2. esp. in pl. (heimtur), a bringing home sheep from the summer pastures; þat var eitthvert sinn um haust at heimtur vóru íllar á fé manna, ok var Glúmi vant margra geldinga, Nj. 26; haust-heimtur, Band. 4; skaut mjök í tvau horn um heimtur Odds frá því er verit hafði, id.; ok er á leið haustið ferr hann á fjall, verða heimtur góðar, ok missir engis sauðar, 3; al-heimtur, gathering in all one’s sheep, cp. Glúm. ch. 7, Rd. 4, Eb. ch. 18, Nj. ch. 16; very freq. in mod. usage.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > heimta

  • 6 HEIMTA

    * * *
    I)
    (-mta, -mtr), v.
    1) to draw, pull; heimta upp akkeri, to weigh anchor; fig., heimta sik fram með fégjöfum, to make one’s way by giving presents; heimta sik í vináttu við e-n, to get on friendly terms with one; heimta nyt af fé, to milk cattle;
    2) to get back, recover, regain (þóttust þeir hafa hann ór helju heimtan); esp., to get home the sheep from the summer pastures;
    3) to claim (heimta e-t at e-m); heimta arf, skuld, toll, to claim an inheritance, debt, toll; heimta vilmæli, to claim the fulfilment of a promise; heimta e-n á tal við sik, to ask for an interview with one;
    4) impers., e-n heimtir, one longs (slíks var ván, at þik mundi þangat heimta);
    5) refl., heimtast fram at aldri, to advance in years; heimtast saman, to gather together, join (heimtust brátt skip hans saman).
    f.
    1) claim, demand (of payment due to one);
    2) esp. in pl. (heimtur) bringing home sheep from the summer pastures (verða heimta góðar).
    * * *
    t, [Swed. hämta; akin to heim, prop. to fetch home]:- to fetch:
    1. to draw, pull; þá bauð jarl at h. þá at landi, to pull them ashore, 623. 35; taka hendi sinni í stúfinn tungunnar ok h. ( to pull) hana, Fb. ii. 386; þá heimtir hann togit hart, Konr. 31 (MS.), 33; þá vildu þeir h. snöruna at hálsi honum, Mar.: metaph., heimti hann sik fram með fégjöfum við konunginn, he made his way with the king by money, Fms. xi. 325; Einarr kom á fund konungs, ok heimti sik fram með fégjöfum, Fb. iii. 445; h. sik í vináttu við e-n, to contract friendship with one, Fms. vi. 52; h. nyt af fé, to milk cattle, K. Þ. K. 78, Bs. i. 189: impers. (rare), þegar er saman heimtir með þeim, when they come up to one another, Al. 143; slíks var ván eigi lítil, at þik mundi þangat heimta (v. l. langa, Fs. 104), that thou shouldest be drawn thither, long to go thither, Fms. ii. 212.
    2. to call on one; konungr heimti til sín Sigurð ullstreng, Fms. vii. 17; þá heimtu þeir konung á tal, they had an interview with the king, 273, Lv. 42; þá var Joseph heimtr ór myrkva-stofu, Ver. 17; þá skal hann h. til skipverja, ok segja þeim, Grág. i. 210.
    II. to claim, crave; mikit var heimt at þeim fyrir sakir föður þeirra, Sturl. ii. 127: to claim a due, debt, or the like, h. föður-arf, Ó. H. 32; móður-arf, Ld. 62; h. fé at e-m, Ísl. ii. 224; h. toll, Gullþ. 11; h. skiptoll. Fs. 153: hann mun ætla at h. erfð sína, Nj. 5; um eignir þær er Ólafr konungr heimti, Fms. i. 287; Rútr átti för í Vestfjörðu at heimta ( to claim payment) fyrir varning sinn, Nj. 11; h. verð, fé, Fb. i. 434; skuld, skatt, mund, ii. 49, Fs. 153:—to crave, without the notion of getting, þá heimti hann setstokkana ok náði eigi, Landn. 104; gaf hann þá sök Sigurði, at hann hefði heimt fjárhlut konunganna, Fms. vii. 128; ok á hann þó at h. þingfarar-kaupit, Grág. i. 24; en nú var þar komit, at Steinn heimti þessi vilmæli at Ragnhildi, now St. called on R. to make good her promises, Ó. H. 144; ok mun heimt annat ef annat er veitt, Þorst. Síðu H. 172; þeir heimtu mund móður sinnar, en hann vildi eigi gjalda, Hkr. i. 21.
    2. to get back, recover, regain, get in; nema þú þinn hamar þér um heimtir, Þkv. 18; also, h. aptr, 8, 11; h. e-n ór helju, Eg. 533, Grett. 83, Konr. 35.
    3. esp. to bring home the sheep in autumn from the summer pastures; nú heimtir annarr-tveggi þeirra fleira en ván átti, … nú heimtir annarr betr en annarr, … hve mart hann hafði óheimt, i. e. how many sheep were still at large, not got in, Grág. i. 424, 425.
    III. reflex., þá er synir Haralds konungs heimtusk fram at aldri, advanced in years, Fb. i. 576; þá heimtusk Birkibeinar ór þys búandmanna, ok upp í eyna, Fms. viii. 68: h. saman, to gather together, join; heimtusk brátt skip hans saman, x. 396; ok heimtusk svá allir saman, joined to one another, viii. 357; vil ek at menn skiptisk í sveitir ok heimtisk saman frændr ok kunnmenn, Ó. H. 204: of sheep, láta skipta at jafnaði svá sem heimtz hefir til, Grág. i. 424.
    IV. part. heimtandi, a claimant, Grág. i. 495, K. Þ. K. 154.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > HEIMTA

  • 7 MEIÐMAR

    f. pl. treasures (poet.).
    * * *
    f. pl. [Ulf. maiþms = δωρον, Mark vii. 11; A. S. mâðm]:—gifts, presents, only in poetry; þiggja meiðmar, Skv. 3. 39; meiðmar (acc.) ok mösma, Km. 35; stórar meiðmar, Akv. 5; meiðma fjöld, Am. 93, Skv. 2. 2; fjöld á ek meiðma, Þkv. 23; en þeirrar meyjar meiðmum týna, referring to the mundr (q. v.), for if a man forsook his wife without due cause he had to pay her mundr, Skv. 3. 15.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > MEIÐMAR

  • 8 próvenda

    f.
    1) prebend (for the maintenance of a church or charitable institution);
    * * *
    or prófenda, u, f. [eccl. Lat. praebenda; Germ. pfründe]:—a prebend, for the maintenance of the church or charitable institutions; beneficia kirkjunnar er sumir kalla próvendur, K. Á. 228; hann lét göra kirkju norðr í Vágum ok lagði próvendu til, Hkr. iii. 248, Fms. vii. 100, x. 159; en síðan er Erkibiskups-stóll var skipaðr í Noregi, þá vóru próventur skipaðar at biskups-stólum, Anecd. 76:—a prebend, af próventum þeirra klerka, sem í brott eru at studium, H. E. i. 507; dýrar prófentur ( presents), Odd. 18.
    2. spec.; in the Roman Catholic times laymen (often men of wealth and rank) in the decline of life retired and entered into a convent; at the same time they bequeathed to the church or convent a portion in money or estates for their maintenance; this portion was called prófenta,—Magnús konungr gaf sik í klaustr í Hólmi, ok tók við múnka-klæðum, þá var skeytt þangat Hernes mikla á Frostu í próventu hans, Fms. vii. 196; þann hlut jarðar sem Gróa gaf með sér í próventu til þverár-klaustrs, Dipl. iii. 5, B. K. 124; mátn vér ok dæmdum áðr-nefnt próventu-kaup ekki arfsvik við erfingja, Dipl. iii. 14. próventu-maðr, m. (-kona, u. f.), a person who has given his próventa, Dipl. iii. 6; prestar, klerkar, próventumenn. Bs. i. 848.
    II. in mod. usage, gefa prófentu sína, and prófentu-karl, m.: prófentu-kerling, f., is used of old people in the same sense as arfsal and arfsals-maðr (q. v.) in the ancient law.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > próvenda

  • 9 sendi-fé

    n. presents sent, Fms. vi. 11.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > sendi-fé

  • 10 SKENKJA

    (-ta, -tr), v.
    1) with dat. to serve with drink (fjórir menn skenktu konum);
    2) to pour out, serve (drink), to one (skenkja e-m mjöð).
    * * *
    t, [Dan. skjœnke; Germ. schenken, einschenken], to serve drink, fill one’s cup, often with dat. of pers.; Orkn. 216; hann skenkti honum með fríðu horni búnu, Fms. iv. 49; drekka silfri skenkt it fagra vín, Edda (H.); Freyja fór þá at s. honum …, eða hví Freyja skal s. honum sem at gildi Ása, Edda 57; s. mjöð, 76; þann mann er þar hafði skenkt um kveldit, Eg. 557; s. drykk, Flóv. 12; öll minni þau er bændr skenktu, Fms. i. 37; at hann skyldi s. sjálfum honum, Stj. 201; hann lét standa fyrir borði sínu skutil-sveina at s. sér með borðkerum, Fms. vi. 442, N. G. L. ii. 447: to give drink, skenkta ek þyrstanda, Sks. 632: mod., skenkja kaffé, to give one a cup of coffee.
    II. to make presents, mod.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > SKENKJA

  • 11 TJÁ

    * * *
    (té, téða, téðr; later tjái, tjáða, tjáðr), v.
    1) to show, exhibit; er honum er téð sverð, when the sword is shown him; t. e-t fyrir e-m, to show it to one;
    2) to tell, report, relate (þá hluti, er þar gørðust, téða ek þér í fyrra bréfi); Gunnarr tjáði, hversu vel þeim hafði farit, G. told how well they had behaved; also, t. e-t fyrir e-m (hann tjáði fyrir konu sinni, at Hrafn væri úskapgæfr);
    3) to show, grant; t. e-m góðvilja, to show one a kindness;
    4) with gen., t. eigi tanna, ‘not to show the teeth’, to take no food (við þessi tíðindi úgladdist mjök G. konungr, svá at hann tjáði eigi tanna);
    5) to be of use, boot, avail, = tjóa, týja, tœja( Þórir sá, at þá mundi ekki t. at leyna);
    6) as an auxil. verb; sól tér sortna, the sun grows dark.
    * * *
    qs. téa; the pres. varies between several forms, tér, tjár, tjáir; pret. tjáði; imperat. té; part. téðr (analogous to sjá); tjá is a contracted form from an older tega, which only remains in the pres. reflex. tegaz, tegumk, in four instances, (see B. III): [Ulf. teihan = ἐπαγγέλλειν; Hel. tihan; O. H. G. zihan; Germ. zeigen or zeihen; cp. Engl. teach; A. S. tæcan; Lat. dicere, in-dicare; Gr. δεικνύναι; cognate or derivative is Goth. taiknjan = δεικνύναι, whence tákn, teikn, Engl. token, and so on.]
    B. To shew, exhibit; er honum er téð sverð, when the sword is shewn him, Vkv. 17 (Bugge); sýndi hón ok téði bónda sínum þann möttul, Stj. 199; sá skal fyrri tjá vátta sína fyrir dóms-mönnum, er …, Gþl. 372; lypti hón skautin brott af höfðinu, tjándi sína ásjónu, Mar.; hann tjáir mikinn heiðr sinnar risnu, Rb. 196; hann tér sinn ham af sínum líkam á vetrar-tíma, Stj. 97; oss tæjandi Kristni frægja, shewing to us, Gd. 44; þeir báru út pell ok silki ok marga dýrgripi, ok tjáðu fyrir þeim ( and shewed it to them) ok báðu þá eptir sækja, Fas. iii. 99; teer ok endrfórnar, offers and presents, Stj. 50; þeir kvóðusk engan varning hafa meir enn þeir höfðu tét, D. N. i. 147.
    2. in the phrase, tjá tanna, or tega tanna, to shew the teeth, i. e. to smile, cp. Dan. trœkke paa smile-baandet; ek má eigi tjá tanna né nökkura gleði fá, Bær. 14; við þessi tíðendi úgladdisk Guítalin konungr svá at hann tjáði ekki tanna, Karl. 382; tenn honum tegask (teygiaz Cod. less correct) er honum er téð sverð, Vkv. 17 (Bugge); traulla má ek of teia (sic Cod.) tanna, sízt faðir þinn fastnaði þik blota-manni, Kormak 162 (in a verse).
    3. to shew, grant; þann góðvilja er þér hafit mér téð, Fas. iii. 315; ok frelsi þat er Guð hefir tjáð ( granted) hverjum, H. E. i. 243; tjá e-m tillæti, to shew one a kindness, Stj. 137; tjá e-m þjónustu, to pay homage to, Norske Saml. v. 98.
    4. to mark, note; eptir því sem jafnan hefir fyrir yðr tjáð verit, Fms. viii. 101, v. l.; í þessum fám orðum tér (teer Cod.) fyrr-nefndr spámaðr, Stj. 29; Níuvikna-fasta tér herleiðingar-tíma Israels fólks, 49; tjár ok presenterar, id.; tér ok sýnir, 71; sýndi hón ok téði bónda sínum þann sama möttul, 199; sýnisk enn ok teez (= tésk), 288.
    II. to tell, report, relate; þeir tjáðu þat fyrir honum, at …, Fms. i. 220; tjá ok telja fyrir honum stórmerki Guðs, ii. 157; hann tjáði fyrir konu sinni ok dóttur at Hrafn væri úskapgæfr, vi. 109; var þat tjáð fyrir honum at hann skyldi vera erkibiskup, x. 160; ræðir Veseti mál sitt, ok tjár á þessa leið, xi. 84; tjáði málit fyrir honum vel um stýrimanninn, Glúm. 324; Gunnarr tjáði hversu vel þeim hafði farit, Nj. 71; þá hluti er þar görðusk téða ( told) ek þér í fyrra bréfi, Al. 165; té (imperat.) honum innvirðuliga allt okkat tal, Stj. 261; þá tjáða (teede v. l.) ek þeim eigi mitt nafn Adonay, 265; mun ek nú tína þér ok tjá minn harm ok angr, Bær. 14; þetta tjáir Stúfr skáld, Hkr. iii. 72; þeir téðu oss með bréfum, H. E. i. 429; góðir menn hafa oss téð ok váru ráði, 433; svá var sagt at þessir menn hefði þat tjáð ok ráðit Skúla jarli, at …, Fms. ix. 325; sem nú var tjáð ok sagt, xi. 130.
    III. paraphrast., hann tegaz sækja mik, Hallfred; þeir tegask görva Ólaf fjörvaltan, Sighvat; nú tegaz öld at sækja, Orkn. (in a verse); ek tegumk at drekka, Eb. (in a verse).
    IV. reflex., þar sýnisk ok tésk (teez Cod.) enn sá staðr, Stj. 105; téðisk fótleggrinn brotinn, Bs. i. 889; hann lét taka bréf Þorsteins bónda, í hverju tjásk má ( may be seen) hans sögn ok vitnisburðr, Dipl. ii. 5; tésk (teez) ok auðsýnisk, Stj. 71; tésk (teez) ok sýnisk, 28.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > TJÁ

  • 12 sendifé

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > sendifé

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