-
21 force
[fɔːs] 1. n (also PHYS)siła f; (power, influence) siła f, moc fin force — licznie, masowo
to come into force — wchodzić (wejść perf) w życie
to join forces — łączyć (połączyć perf) siły
2. vtthrough/from force of habit — siłą nawyku
person zmuszać (zmusić perf); confession etc wymuszać (wymusić perf); ( push) pchnąć ( perf); lock, door wyłamywać (wyłamać perf)to force o.s. to do sth — zmuszać się (zmusić się perf) do (z)robienia czegoś
to force sb to do sth — zmuszać (zmusić perf) kogoś do (z)robienia czegoś
to force sb's hand — zmuszać (zmusić perf) kogoś do ujawnienia zamiarów
to force sth (up)on sb — narzucać (narzucić perf) coś komuś
to force o.s. (up)on sb — narzucać się komuś
Phrasal Verbs:* * *[fo:s] 1. noun1) (strength or power that can be felt: the force of the wind.) siła2) (a person or thing that has great power: the forces of Nature.) siła, moc3) ((sometimes with capital) a group of men prepared for action: the police force; the Royal Air Force.) oddział, siły2. verb1) (to make (someone or something) do something, go somewhere etc, often against his etc will: He forced me to give him money.) zmusić2) (to achieve by strength or effort: He forced a smile despite his grief.) wymusić•- forced- forceful
- forcefully
- forces
- in
- into force -
22 authority
[ɔː'θɔrɪtɪ]n( power) władza f; ( expert) autorytet m; ( government body) administracja f; ( official permission) pozwolenie nt* * *[o:'Ɵorəti]plural - authorities; noun1) (the power or right to do something: He gave me authority to act on his behalf.) pełnomocnictwo, upoważnienie2) (a person who is an expert, or a book that can be referred to, on a particular subject: He is an authority on Roman history.) autorytet3) ((usually in plural) the person or people who have power in an administration etc: The authorities would not allow public meetings.) władze4) (a natural quality in a person which makes him able to control and influence people: a man of authority.) autorytet•- authoritative -
23 smell
[smɛl] 1. n 2. vt; pt, pp smelt or smelled 3. vi; pt, pp smelt or smelledpachnieć; ( pej) śmierdziećto smell of — pachnieć +instr ( pej) śmierdzieć +instr
* * *1. [smel] noun1) (the sense or power of being aware of things through one's nose: My sister never had a good sense of smell.) węch2) (the quality that is noticed by using this power: a pleasant smell; There's a strong smell of gas.) zapach3) (an act of using this power: Have a smell of this!) wąchanie2. [smelt] verb1) (to notice by using one's nose: I smell gas; I thought I smelt (something) burning.) czuć (nosem)2) (to give off a smell: The roses smelt beautiful; Her hands smelt of fish.) pachnieć3) (to examine by using the sense of smell: Let me smell those flowers.) wąchać•- - smelling- smelly
- smelliness
- smell out -
24 rise
[raɪz] 1. n( incline) wzniesienie nt; ( BRIT) ( salary increase) podwyżka f; (in prices, temperature) wzrost m; ( fig)2. vi; pt rose, pp risenrise to power — dojście nt do władzy
prices, numbers rosnąć, wzrastać (wzrosnąć perf); waters, voice, level podnosić się (podnieść się perf); sun, moon wschodzić (wzejść perf); wind przybierać (przybrać perf) na sile; sound wznosić się (wznieść się perf); (from bed, knees) wstawać (wstać perf); (also: rise up) tower, building wznosić się; ( rebel) powstawać (powstać perf)to rise to power — dochodzić (dojść perf) do władzy
to give rise to — discussion, misunderstandings wywoływać (wywołać perf); ( life) dawać (dać perf) początek +dat
to rise to the occasion — stawać (stanąć perf) na wysokości zadania
* * *1. past tense - rose; verb1) (to become greater, larger, higher etc; to increase: Food prices are still rising; His temperature rose; If the river rises much more, there will be a flood; Her voice rose to a scream; Bread rises when it is baked; His spirits rose at the good news.) rosnąć, podnosić się2) (to move upwards: Smoke was rising from the chimney; The birds rose into the air; The curtain rose to reveal an empty stage.) wznosić się3) (to get up from bed: He rises every morning at six o'clock.) wstawać4) (to stand up: The children all rose when the headmaster came in.) powstać5) ((of the sun etc) to appear above the horizon: The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.) wschodzić6) (to slope upwards: Hills rose in the distance; The ground rises at this point.) wznosić się7) (to rebel: The people rose (up) in revolt against the dictator.) powstać8) (to move to a higher rank, a more important position etc: He rose to the rank of colonel.) awansować9) ((of a river) to begin or appear: The Rhône rises in the Alps.) wypływać10) ((of wind) to begin; to become stronger: Don't go out in the boat - the wind has risen.) podnieść się11) (to be built: Office blocks are rising all over the town.) wyrastać12) (to come back to life: Jesus has risen.) zmartwychwstać2. noun1) ((the) act of rising: He had a rapid rise to fame; a rise in prices.) wyniesienie, zwyżka2) (an increase in salary or wages: She asked her boss for a rise.) podwyżka3) (a slope or hill: The house is just beyond the next rise.) wzniesienie4) (the beginning and early development of something: the rise of the Roman Empire.) początki, rozkwit•- rising3. adjectivethe rising sun; rising prices; the rising generation; a rising young politician.) wschodzący, rosnący, dorastający- early- late riser
- give rise to
- rise to the occasion -
25 control
[kən'trəul] 1. vtcountry sprawować władzę w +loc; organization sprawować kontrolę nad +instr, kierować +instr; machinery, process sterować +instr; wages, prices kontrolować; one's emotions panować nad +instr; fire, disease opanowywać (opanować perf)2. n( of country) władza f; (of organization, stocks) kontrola f; (also: control group) grupa f kontrolnato take control of — przejmować (przejąć perf) kontrolę nad +instr
to be in control of — panować nad +instr
to get out of control — wymykać się (wymknąć się perf) spod kontroli
- controls* * *[kən'trəul] 1. noun1) (the right of directing or of giving orders; power or authority: She has control over all the decisions in that department; She has no control over that dog.) władza2) (the act of holding back or restraining: control of prices; I know you're angry but you must not lose control (of yourself).) opanowanie3) ((often in plural) a lever, button etc which operates (a machine etc): The clutch and accelerator are foot controls in a car.) dźwignia, pokrętło itp.4) (a point or place at which an inspection takes place: passport control.) punkt kontroli2. verb1) (to direct or guide; to have power or authority over: The captain controls the whole ship; Control your dog!) kierować, nadzorować2) (to hold back; to restrain (oneself or one's emotions etc): Control yourself!) panować nad sobą3) (to keep to a fixed standard: The government is controlling prices.) sterować, regulować•- control-tower
- in control of
- in control
- out of control
- under control -
26 steam
[stiːm] 1. npara f (wodna)2. vtgotować (ugotować perf) na parze3. viPhrasal Verbs:- steam up* * *[sti:m] 1. noun1) (a gas or vapour that rises from hot or boiling water or other liquid: Steam rose from the plate of soup / the wet earth in the hot sun; a cloud of steam; ( also adjective) A sauna is a type of steam bath.) para2) (power or energy obtained from this: The machinery is driven by steam; Diesel fuel has replaced steam on the railways; ( also adjective) steam power, steam engines.) para2. verb1) (to give out steam: A kettle was steaming on the stove.) parować2) ((of a ship, train etc) to move by means of steam: The ship steamed across the bay.) poruszać się z napędem parowym3) (to cook by steam: The pudding should be steamed for four hours.) gotować na parze•- steam-- steamer
- steamy
- steamboat
- steamship
- steam engine
- steam roller
- full steam ahead
- get steamed up
- get up steam
- let off steam
- run out of steam
- steam up
- under one's own steam -
27 influence
['ɪnfluəns] 1. nwpływ m2. vtwpływać (wpłynąć perf) na +acc* * *['influəns] 1. noun1) (the power to affect people, actions or events: He used his influence to get her the job; He should not have driven the car while under the influence of alcohol.) wpływ2) (a person or thing that has this power: She is a bad influence on him.) osoba/rzecz mająca wpływ2. verb(to have an effect on: The weather seems to influence her moods.) wpływać na- influentially -
28 machine
[mə'ʃiːn] 1. n 2. vt ( TECH)* * *[mə'ʃi:n] 1. noun1) (a working arrangement of wheels, levers or other parts, driven eg by human power, electricity etc, or operating electronically, producing power and/or motion for a particular purpose: a sewing-machine.) maszyna2) (a vehicle, especially a motorbike: That's a fine machine you have!) maszyna2. verb1) (to shape, make or finish with a power-driven tool: The articles are machined to a smooth finish.) obrabiać maszynowo2) (to sew with a sewing-machine: You should machine the seams.) zszywać maszynowo•- machinist
- machine-gun 3. verbHe machine-gunned a crowd of defenceless villagers.) strzelać z karabinu maszynowego -
29 transfer
1. ['trænsfə(r)] n( of employee) przeniesienie nt; ( of money) przelew m; ( of power) przekazanie nt; (SPORT) transfer m; ( picture etc) kalkomania f2. [træns'fəː(r)] vtemployee przenosić (przenieść perf); money przelewać (przelać perf); power, ownership przekazywać (przekazać perf)to transfer the charges ( BRIT) — telefonować (zatelefonować perf) na koszt przyjmującego rozmowę
* * *[træns'fə:] 1. past tense, past participle - transferred; verb1) (to remove to another place: He transferred the letter from his briefcase to his pocket.) przemieszczać2) (to (cause to) move to another place, job, vehicle etc: I'm transferring / They're transferring me to the Bangkok office.) przenosić (się), przesiadać (się)3) (to give to another person, especially legally: I intend to transfer the property to my son.) przepisywać2. noun(['trænsfə:])1) (the act of transferring: The manager arranged for his transfer to another football club.) przeniesienie2) (a design, picture etc that can be transferred from one surface to another, eg from paper to material as a guide for embroidery.) szablon• -
30 veto
['viːtəu] 1. pl vetoes, n 2. vtto put a veto on — zakładać (założyć perf) or stawiać (postawić perf) weto wobec +gen
* * *['vi:təu] 1. 3rd person singular present tense - vetoes; verb(to forbid, or refuse to consent to: They vetoed your suggestion.) sprzeciwić się2. noun((also power of veto) the power or right to refuse or forbid: the chairman's (power of) veto.) weto, sprzeciw -
31 blackout
['blækaut]n( in wartime) zaciemnienie nt; ( power cut) przerwa f w dostawie energii elektrycznej; (TV, RADIO) zagłuszanie nt; ( faint) (krótkotrwała) utrata f przytomności* * *1) (a period of darkness produced by putting out all lights: Accidents increase during a blackout.) zaciemnienie2) (a ban (on news etc): a blackout of news about the coup.) zakaz publikacji3) (a period of unconsciousness: He has had several blackouts during his illness.) czasowa utrata przytomności4) (a brief, temporary loss of memory, as when an actor forgets his/her lines.) zamroczenie5) ((also outage) a period of a general power failure.) przerwa w dopływie prądu6) ((in the theatre) the putting out of the stage lights at the end of a scene etc.) wygaszenie -
32 leverage
['liːvərɪdʒ]n* * *[-ri‹]1) (the power gained by the use of a lever.) siła dźwigni, wpływ2) (power that can be used to influence someone's actions or decisions: The public has some leverage with their representatives in the Senate.) wpływy -
33 harness
['hɑːnɪs] 1. n( for horse) uprząż f; ( for child) szelki pl; (also: safety harness) pas m bezpieczeństwa (np. do pracy na wysokości)2. vt* * *1. noun(the leather straps etc by which a horse is attached to a cart etc which it is pulling and by means of which it is controlled.) uprząż2. verb1) (to put the harness on (a horse).) nakładać uprząż2) (to make use of (a source of power, eg a river) for some purpose, eg to produce electricity or to drive machinery: Attempts are now being made to harness the sun as a source of heat and power.) opanować, wykorzystać -
34 magnetism
['mægnɪtɪzəm]n* * *1) (power of attraction: his personal magnetism.) magnetyzm, charyzmat2) ((the science of) magnets and their power of attraction: the magnetism of the earth.) magnetyzm -
35 intuition
[ɪntjuː'ɪʃən]nintuicja fan intuition — przeczucie nt
* * *[intju'iʃən]1) (the power of understanding or ralizing something without thinking it out: She knew by intuition that he was telling her the truth.) intuicja2) (something understood or realized by this power: Her intuitions are always right.) przeczucie• -
36 misuse
1. [mɪs'juːs] n(of power, funds) nadużywanie nt; (of tool, word) niewłaściwe używanie nt2. [mɪs'juːz] vt* * *[mis'ju:s]((a) wrong or bad use: the misuse of company money; The machine was damaged by misuse.) złe użycie, nadużycie- misuse -
37 day
[deɪ]n( as opposed to night) dzień m; ( twenty-four hours) doba f, dzień m; ( heyday) czas m, dni plthe day before/after — poprzedniego/następnego dnia, dzień wcześniej/później
(on) the day that … — w dniu, kiedy …
* * *[dei] 1. noun1) (the period from sunrise to sunset: She worked all day; The days are warm but the nights are cold.) dzień2) (a part of this period eg that part spent at work: How long is your working day?; The school day ends at 3 o'clock; I see him every day.) dzień3) (the period of twenty-four hours from one midnight to the next: How many days are in the month of September?) dzień4) ((often in plural) the period of, or of the greatest activity, influence, strength etc of (something or someone): in my grandfather's day; in the days of steam-power.) dzień•- daybreak- day-dream 2. verbShe often day-dreams.)- daylight- day school
- daytime
- call it a day
- day by day
- day in
- day out
- make someone's day
- one day
- some day
- the other day -
38 point
[pɔɪnt] 1. n (also GEOM)punkt m; ( sharpened tip) czubek m, szpic m; ( purpose) sens m; ( significant part) cecha f, istota f; (subject, idea) kwestia f; ( ELEC) (also: power point) gniazdko nt; (also: decimal point) przecinek mtwo point five (= 2.5) — dwa przecinek pięć (= 2,5)
good/bad points — mocne/słabe punkty
to make a point of doing sth — dokładać (dołożyć perf) starań, aby coś zrobić
to get the point — pojmować (pojąć perf) istotę sprawy
to miss the point — nie dostrzegać (nie dostrzec perf) istoty sprawy
to come/get to the point — przechodzić (przejść perf) do sedna sprawy
to make one's point — przedstawiać (przedstawić perf) swoje argumenty
in point of fact — właściwie, w rzeczy samej
- points2. vt3. vito point sth at sb — celować (wycelować perf) czymś w kogoś, kierować (skierować perf) coś w stronę kogoś
( with finger etc) wskazywać (wskazać perf)to point at — wskazywać (wskazać perf) na +acc
Phrasal Verbs:- point to* * *[point] 1. noun1) (the sharp end of anything: the point of a pin; a sword point; at gunpoint (= threatened by a gun).) ostrze, czubek2) (a piece of land that projects into the sea etc: The ship came round Lizard Point.) cypel3) (a small round dot or mark (.): a decimal point; five point three six (= 5.36); In punctuation, a point is another name for a full stop.) kropka4) (an exact place or spot: When we reached this point of the journey we stopped to rest.) punkt5) (an exact moment: Her husband walked in at that point.) chwila, moment6) (a place on a scale especially of temperature: the boiling-point of water.) punkt7) (a division on a compass eg north, south-west etc.) punkt, kierunek8) (a mark in scoring a competition, game, test etc: He has won by five points to two.) punkt9) (a particular matter for consideration or action: The first point we must decide is, where to meet; That's a good point; You've missed the point; That's the whole point; We're wandering away from the point.) kwestia, sedno sprawy10) ((a) purpose or advantage: There's no point (in) asking me - I don't know.) cel, sens11) (a personal characteristic or quality: We all have our good points and our bad ones.) punkt12) (an electrical socket in a wall etc into which a plug can be put: Is there only one electrical point in this room?) gniazdko2. verb1) (to aim in a particular direction: He pointed the gun at her.) skierować2) (to call attention to something especially by stretching the index finger in its direction: He pointed (his finger) at the door; He pointed to a sign.) wskazywać3) (to fill worn places in (a stone or brick wall etc) with mortar.) fugować•- pointed- pointer
- pointless
- pointlessly
- points
- be on the point of
- come to the point
- make a point of
- make one's point
- point out
- point one's toes -
39 subject
1. ['sʌbdʒɪkt] n( matter) temat m; ( SCOL) przedmiot m; ( of kingdom) poddany(-na) m(f); ( LING) podmiot m2. [səb'dʒɛkt] vtto subject sb to sth — poddawać (poddać perf) kogoś czemuś
to be subject to — (law, tax) podlegać +dat; ( heart attacks) być narażonym na +acc
to change the subject — zmieniać (zmienić perf) temat
* * *1. adjective((of countries etc) not independent, but dominated by another power: subject nations.) podbity, podległy2. noun1) (a person who is under the rule of a monarch or a member of a country that has a monarchy etc: We are loyal subjects of the Queen; He is a British subject.) poddany2) (someone or something that is talked about, written about etc: We discussed the price of food and similar subjects; What was the subject of the debate?; The teacher tried to think of a good subject for their essay; I've said all I can on that subject.) temat3) (a branch of study or learning in school, university etc: He is taking exams in seven subjects; Mathematics is his best subject.) przedmiot4) (a thing, person or circumstance suitable for, or requiring, a particular kind of treatment, reaction etc: I don't think her behaviour is a subject for laughter.) przedmiot5) (in English, the word(s) representing the person or thing that usually does the action shown by the verb, and with which the verb agrees: The cat sat on the mat; He hit her because she broke his toy; He was hit by the ball.) podmiot3. [səb'‹ekt] verb1) (to bring (a person, country etc) under control: They have subjected all the neighbouring states (to their rule).) podporządkować sobie2) (to cause to suffer, or submit (to something): He was subjected to cruel treatment; These tyres are subjected to various tests before leaving the factory.) poddawać•- subjective
- subjectively
- subject matter
- change the subject
- subject to -
40 crown
[kraun] 1. n(of monarch, tooth) korona f; ( of head) ciemię nt; ( of hill) wierzchołek m, szczyt m; ( of hat) denko nt2. vtand to crown it all … ( fig) — a na dodatek (jeszcze)…
* * *1. noun1) (a circular, often jewelled, head-dress, especially one worn as a mark of royalty or honour: the queen's crown.) korona2) ((with capital) the king or queen or governing power in a monarchy: revenue belonging to the Crown.) korona, państwo3) (the top eg of a head, hat, hill etc: We reached the crown of the hill.) szczyt, zwieńczenie, wierzchołek4) ((an artificial replacement for) the part of a tooth which can be seen.) koronka2. verb1) (to make (someone) king or queen by placing a crown on his or her head: The archbishop crowned the queen.) koronować2) (to form the top part of (something): an iced cake crowned with a cherry.) wieńczyć3) (to put an artificial crown on (a tooth).) nakładać koronę4) (to hit (someone) on the head: If you do that again, I'll crown you!) uderzać w głowę•- crown princess
См. также в других словарях:
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