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potential+demand

  • 21 demanda potencial

    f.
    potential demand.

    Spanish-English dictionary > demanda potencial

  • 22 Mavor, Henry Alexander

    [br]
    b. 1858 Stranraer, Scotland
    d. 16 July 1915 Mauchline, Ayrshire, Scotland
    [br]
    Scottish engineer who pioneered the use of electricity for lighting, power and the propulsion of ships.
    [br]
    Mavor came from a distinguished Scottish family with connections in medicine, industry and the arts. On completion of his education at Glasgow University, he joined R.J.Crompton \& Co.; then in 1883, along with William C.Muir, he established the Glasgow firm which later became well known as Mavor and Coulson. It pioneered the supply of electricity to public undertakings and equipped the first two generating stations in Scotland. Mavor and his fellow directors appreciated the potential demand by industry in Glasgow for electricity. Two industries were especially well served; first, the coal-mines, where electric lighting and power transformed efficiency and safety beyond recognition; and second, marine engineering. Here Mavor recognized the importance of the variable-speed motor in working with marine propellers which have a tighter range of efficient working speeds. In 1911 he built a 50 ft (15 m) motor launch, appropriately named Electric Arc, at Dumbarton and fitted it with an alternating-current motor driven by a petrol engine and dynamo. Within two years British shipyards were building electrically powered ships, and by the beginning of the First World War the United States Navy had a 20,000-ton collier with this new form of propulsion.
    [br]
    Principal Honours and Distinctions
    Vice-President, Institution of Engineers and Shipbuilders in Scotland 1894–6.
    Bibliography
    Mavor published several papers on electric power supply, distribution and the use of electricity for marine purposes in the Transactions of the Institution of Engineers and Shipbuilders in Scotland between the years 1890 and 1912.
    Further Reading
    Mavor and Coulson Ltd, 1911, Electric Propulsion of Ships, Glasgow.
    FMW

    Biographical history of technology > Mavor, Henry Alexander

  • 23 volo

    1.
    vŏlo (2 d pers. sing. vis, orig. veis, Prisc. 9, 1, 6, p. 847 P.; 1 st pers. plur. volumus, but volimus, Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 89 Speng.; 3 d pers. sing. volt, and 2 d pers. plur. voltis always in ante-class. writers;

    also volt,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 17, § 42; 2, 5, 49, § 128; id. Sest. 42, 90; id. Phil. 8, 9, 26; id. Par. 5, 1, 34; id. Rep. 3, 33, 45:

    voltis,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 53, § 122; 2, 3, 94, § 219; 2, 5, 5, § 11; 2, 3, 89, § 208; id. Clu. 30, 83; id. Rab. Perd. 12, 33; id. Sest. 30, 64; id. Par. 1, 2, 11 et saep. — Pres. subj. velim, but sometimes volim, Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 44 Ritschl; cf. Prisc. 9, 1, 8, p. 848 P.;

    so volint,

    Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 65 Ritschl), velle, volui ( part. fut. voliturus, Serv. ad Verg. A. 5, 712; contr. forms, vin for visne, freq. in Plaut. and Ter., also Hor. S. 1, 9, 69; Pers. 6, 63:

    sis for si vis,

    Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 70; id. Merc. 4, 4, 37; id. Pers. 3, 3, 8; Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 20; id. Heaut. 1, 2, 38; Cic. Tusc. 2, 18, 42; id. Rosc. Am. 16, 48; id. Mil. 22, 60; Liv. 34, 32, 20:

    sultis for si voltis, only ante-class.,

    Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 8; id. As. prol. 1; id. Capt. 2, 3, 96; 3, 5, 9; 4, 4, 11), v. irreg. a. [Sanscr. var-; Gr. bol-, boulomai; cf. the strengthened root Wel- in eeldomai, elpomai; Germ. wollen; Engl. will], expressing any exercise of volition, and corresponding, in most cases, to the Germ. wollen; in Engl. mostly rendered, to wish, want, intend, purpose, propose, be willing, consent, mean, will, and, impersonally, it is my will, purpose, intention, plan, policy (syn.: cupio, opto; but volo properly implies a purpose).
    I.
    In gen.
    A.
    With object-infinitive.
    1.
    With pres. inf.
    a.
    To wish.
    (α).
    Exire ex urbe priusquam luciscat volo, Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 35:

    potare ego hodie tecum volo,

    id. Aul. 3, 6, 33:

    ego quoque volo esse liber: nequiquam volo,

    id. Trin. 2, 4, 39; so id. ib. 2, 4, 164:

    ait rem seriam agere velle mecum,

    Ter. Eun. 3, 3, 8:

    natus enim debet quicunque est velle manere In vita,

    Lucr. 5, 177:

    video te alte spectare et velle in caelum migrare,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 34, 82:

    quid poetae? Nonne post mortem nobilitari volunt?

    id. ib. 1, 15, 34:

    si innocentes existimari volumus,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 10, § 28:

    quoniam opinionis meae voluistis esse participes,

    id. de Or. 1, 37, 172:

    quod eas quoque nationes adire et regiones cognoscere volebat,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 7:

    si velit suos recipere, obsides sibi remittat,

    id. ib. 3, 8 fin.:

    dominari illi volunt, vos liberi esse,

    Sall. J. 31, 23:

    si haec relinquere voltis,

    id. C. 58, 15:

    priusquam liberi estis, dominari jam in adversarios vultis,

    Liv. 3, 53, 7:

    si quis vestrum suos invisere volt, commeatum do,

    id. 21, 21, 5:

    non enim vincere tantum noluit, sed vinci voluit,

    id. 2, 59, 2:

    suspitionem Caesar quibusdam reliquit, neque voluisse se diutius vivere, neque curasse,

    Suet. Caes. 85:

    Eutrapelus cuicunque nocere volebat, Vestimenta dabat pretiosa,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 31.—
    (β).
    Idiomatically: quid arbitramini Rheginos merere velle ut ab iis marmorea illa Venus auferatur? what do you think the Rhegini would take for, etc., Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 60, § 135.—
    (γ).
    Transf., of things: fabula quae posci vult et spectata reponi, a comedy which wishes (i. e. is meant) to be in demand, etc., Hor. A. P. 190:

    neque enim aut hiare semper vocalibus aut destitui temporibus volunt sermo atque epistula,

    Quint. 9, 4, 20; cf. id. 8, prooem. 23.—
    b.
    Of the wishes of those that have a right to command, the gods, masters, parents, commanders, etc., I want, wish, will, am resolved, it is my will:

    in acdibus quid tibi meis erat negoti...? Volo scire,

    Plaut. Aul. 3, 2, 14; 3, 2, 17; 3, 2, 18; 3, 6, 27; id. Curc. 4, 3, 11; id. Ep. 3, 4, 74; id. Mil. 2, 3, 74; 3, 1, 17; id. Stich. 1, 2, 56; Ter. And. 1, 2, 9; 4, 2, 17:

    maxima voce clamat populus, neque se uni, nec paucis velle parere,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 35, 55:

    consuesse deos immortalis, quos pro scelere eorum ulcisci velint, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 13:

    hic experiri vim virtutemque volo,

    Liv. 23, 45, 9.—
    c.
    = in animo habere, to intend, purpose, mean, design:

    ac volui inicere tragulam in nostrum senem,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 4, 14:

    eadem quae illis voluisti facere tu, faciunt tibi,

    id. Mil. 3, 1, 11; so id. Most. 2, 2, 5:

    puerumque clam voluit exstinguere,

    Ter. Hec. 5, 1, 23:

    necare candem voluit,

    Cic. Cael. 13, 31: quid enim ad illum qui te captare vult, utrum [p. 2005] tacentem te irretiat an loquentem? id. Ac. 2, 29, 94:

    hostis hostem occidere volui,

    Liv. 2, 12, 9; 7, 34, 11: volui interdiu eum... occidere; volui, cum ad cenam invitavi, veneno scilicet tollere;

    volui... ferro interficere (ironically),

    id. 40, 13, 2:

    tuum crimen erit, hospitem occidere voluisse,

    the intention to kill your guest-friend, Val. Max. 5, 1, 3 fin.; 6, 1, 8:

    non enim vult mori, sed invidiam filio facere,

    Quint. 9, 2, 85.—

    Pregn., opp. optare: non vult mori qui optat,

    Sen. Ep. 117, 24:

    sed eo die is, cui dare volueram (epistulam), non est profectus,

    Cic. Att. 9, 7, 1:

    cum de senectute vellem aliquid scribere,

    id. Sen. 1, 2:

    ego te volui castigare, tu mihi accussatrix ades,

    Plaut. As. 3, 1, 10:

    bonus volo jam ex hoc die esse,

    id. Pers. 4, 3, 10:

    ego jam a principio amici filiam, Ita ut aequom fuerat, volui uxorem ducere,

    Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 46:

    at etiam eo negotio M. Catonis splendorem maculare voluerunt,

    it was their purpose, Cic. Sest. 28, 60:

    eum (tumulum) non tam capere sine certamine volebat, quam causam certaminis cum Minucio contrahere,

    his plan was, Liv. 22, 28, 4.—Of things:

    cum lex venditionibus occurrere voluit,

    when it was the purpose of the law, Dig. 46, 1, 46: sed quid ea drachuma facere vis? Ca. Restim volo Mihi emere... qui me faciam pensilem, Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 87: Ch. Revorsionem ad terram faciunt vesperi. Ni. Aurum hercle auferre voluere, id. Bacch. 2, 3, 63:

    si iis qui haec omnia flamma ac ferro delere voluerunt... bellum indixi, etc.,

    Cic. Prov. Cons. 10, 24:

    (plebem) per caedem senatus vacuam rem publicam tradere Hannibali velle,

    Liv. 23, 2, 7:

    rem Nolanam in jus dicionemque dare voluerat Poeno,

    id. 23, 15, 9: qui (majores nostri) tanta cura Siculos tueri ac retinere voluerunt ut, etc., whose policy it was to protect, etc., Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 6, § 14:

    ut qui a principio mitis omnibus Italicis praeter Romanos videri vellet, etc.,

    Liv. 23, 15, 4: idem istuc, si in vilitate largiri voluisses, derisum tuum beneficium esset, if you had offered to grant the same thing during low prices, etc., Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 92, § 215.—
    d.
    = studere, conari, to try, endeavor, attempt:

    quas (i. e. magnas res) qui impedire vult, is et infirmus est mobilisque natura, et, etc.,

    Cic. Lael. 20, 75:

    nam si quando id (exordium) primum invenire volui, nullum mihi occurrit, nisi aut exile, aut, etc.,

    id. Or. 2, 77, 315:

    de Antonio dico, numquam illum... nonnullorum de ipso suspitionem infitiando tollere voluisse,

    that he never attempted to remove, id. Sest. 3, 8; id. Div. 1, 18, 35:

    audes Fatidicum fallere velle deum?

    do you dare attempt? Ov. F. 2, 262.—
    e.
    To mean, of actions and expressions:

    hic respondere voluit, non lacessere,

    the latter meant to answer, not to provoke, Ter. Phorm. prol. 19:

    non te judices urbi sed carceri reservarunt, neque to retinere in civitate, sed exilio privare voluerunt,

    Cic. Att. 1, 16, 9.—So, volo dicere, I mean (lit. I intend to say):

    quid aliud volui dicere?

    Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 51:

    volo autem dicere, illud homini longe optimum esse quod ipsum sit optandum per se,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 20, 46.—Often with the acc. illud or id, as a correction: Tr. Specta quam arcte dormiunt. Th. Dormiunt? Tr. Illut quidem ut conivent volui dicere, I mean how they nod, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 145: Py. Quid? bracchium? Ar. Illud dicere volui femur, id. Mil. 1, 1, 27:

    adduxi volui dicere,

    id. Ps. 2, 4, 21; id. Am. 1, 1, 233; 1, 1, 235; id. Cas. 2, 6, 14; id. Mil. 3, 2, 7; id. Ps. 3, 2, 54; id. Rud. 2, 4, 9.—
    f.
    To be going to: haec argumenta ego aedificiis dixi; nunc etiam volo docere ut homines aedium esse similes arbitremini, now I am going to show how, etc., Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 37: quando bene gessi rem, volo hic in fano supplicare, I am going to worship here, etc., id. Curc. 4, 2, 41:

    nunc quod relicuom restat volo persolvere,

    id. Cist. 1, 3, 40:

    sustine hoc, Penicule, exuvias facere quas vovi volo,

    id. Men. 1, 3, 13:

    sinite me prospectare ne uspiam insidiae sint, consilium quod habere volumus,

    id. Mil. 3, 1, 3; id. As. 2, 2, 113; id. Cas. 4, 2, 3; id. Bacch. 1, 1, 61:

    si Prometheus, cum mortalibus ignem dividere vellet, ipse a vicinis carbunculos conrogaret, ridiculus videretur,

    Auct. Her. 4, 6, 9:

    ait se velle de illis HS. LXXX. cognoscere,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 23, § 56:

    hinc se recipere cum vellent, rursus illi ex loco superiore nostros premebant,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 45. —
    g.
    To be about to, on the point of: quom mittere signum Volt, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 48, 107 (Ann. v. 88 Vahl.):

    quotiens ire volo foras, retines me, rogitas quo ego eam,

    Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 5:

    quae sese in ignem inicere voluit, prohibui,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 113:

    si scires aspidem latere uspiam, et velle aliquem imprudentem super eam adsidere,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 18, 59; id. Div. 1, 52, 118:

    quod cum facere vellent, intervenit M. Manilius,

    id. Rep. 1, 12, 18:

    qui cum opem ferre vellet, nuntiatum sibi esse aliam classem ad Aegates insulas stare,

    Liv. 22, 56, 7:

    at Libys obstantes dum vult obvertere remos, In spatium resilire manus breve vidit,

    Ov. M. 3, 676; 1, 635:

    P. Claudius cum proelium navale committere vellet,

    Val. Max. 1, 4, 3.—
    h.
    Will, and in oblique discourse and questions would, the auxiliaries of the future and potential: animum advortite: Comediai nomen dari vobis volo, I will give you, etc., Plaut. Cas. prol. 30:

    sed, nisi molestum est, nomen dare vobis volo comediai,

    id. Poen. prol. 50:

    vos ite intro. Interea ego ex hac statua verberea volo erogitare... quid sit factum,

    id. Capt. 5, 1, 30:

    i tu atque arcessi illam: ego intus quod facto est opus volo adcurare,

    id. Cas. 3, 3, 35; id. Cist. 1, 1, 113; id. Most. 1, 1, 63; id. Poen. 2, 44; id. Pers. 1, 3, 85; id. Rud. 1, 2, 33: cum vero (gemitus) nihil imminuat doloris, cur frustra turpes esse volumus? why will ( would) we be disgraceful to no purpose? Cic. Tusc. 2, 24, 57:

    illa enim (ars) te, verum si loqui volumus, ornaverat,

    id. ib. 1, 47, 112:

    ergo, si vere aestimare volumus, etc.,

    Val. Max. 7, 5, 6:

    si vere aestimare Macedonas, qui tunc erant, volumus,

    Curt. 4, 16, 33:

    ejus me compotem facere potestis, si meminisse vultis, etc.,

    Liv. 7, 40, 5:

    visne igitur, dum dies ista venit... interea tu ipse congredi mecum ut, etc....?

    id. 8, 7, 7:

    volo tibi Chrysippi quoque distinctionem indicare,

    Sen. Ep. 9, 14: vis tu homines urbemque feris praeponere silvis? will you prefer, etc., Hor. S. 2, 6, 92; cf. velim and vellem, would, II. A. 2.—
    k.
    Sometimes volui = mihi placuit, I resolved, concluded (generally, in this meaning, followed by an infinitive clause, v. I. B. 4.):

    uti tamen tuo consilio volui,

    still I concluded to follow your advice, Cic. Att. 8, 3, 1.—
    1.
    To be willing, ready, to consent, like to do something: si sine bello velint rapta... tradere... se exercitum domum reducturum, if they were willing, would consent to, would deliver, etc., Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 52:

    is dare volt, is se aliquid posci,

    likes to give, id. As. 1, 3, 29:

    hoc dixit, si hoc de cella concederetur, velle Siculos senatui polliceri frumentum in cellam gratis,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 87, § 200:

    ei laxiorem daturos, si venire ad causam dicendam vellet,

    Liv. 39, 17, 2; 5, 36, 4: nemo invenitur qui pecuniam suam dividere velit. Sen. Brev. Vit. 3, 1:

    plerique concessam sibi sub condicione vitam si militare adversus eum vellent, recusarunt,

    Suet. Caes. 68:

    dedere etiam se volebant, si toleranda viris imperarentur,

    Flor. 1, 33 (2, 18), 12.—So with negatives, to be not willing, not to suffer, not to like, not to allow, refuse:

    heri nemo voluit Sostratam intro admittere,

    Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 49:

    cum alter verum audire non vult,

    Cic. Lael. 26, 98: a proximis quisque minime anteiri vult, likes least to be surpassed, etc., Liv. 6, 34, 7:

    nihil ex his praeter... accipere voluit,

    refused to accept, Val. Max. 4, 3, 4.—
    m.
    To do something voluntarily or intentionally: volo facere = mea voluntate or sponte facio: si voluit accusare, pietati tribuo;

    si jussus est, necessitati,

    if he accused of his own free will, I ascribe it to his filial love, Cic. Cael. 1, 2:

    utrum statuas voluerint tibi statuere, an coacti sint,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 65, § 157:

    de risu quinque sunt quae quaerantur... sitne oratoris risum velle permovere,

    on purpose, id. Or. 2, 58, 235:

    laedere numquam velimus,

    Quint. 6, 3, 28.—So, non velle with inf., to do something unwillingly, with reluctance:

    vivere noluit qui mori non vult,

    who dies with reluctance, Sen. Ep. 30, 10.—
    n.
    To be of opinion, think, mean, pretend (rare with inf.; usu. with acc. and inf.; v. B. 8.):

    haec tibi scripsi ut isto ipso in genere in quo aliquid posse vis, te nihil esse cognosceres,

    in which you imagine you have some influence, Cic. Fam. 7, 27, 2:

    in hoc homo luteus etiam callidus ac veterator esse vult, quod ita scribit, etc.,

    pretends, means to be, id. Verr. 2, 3, 14, § 35: sed idem Aelius Stoicus esse voluit, orator autem nec studuit um quam, nec fuit, id. Brut. 56, 206:

    Pythago. ras, qui etiam ipse augur esse vellet,

    id. Div. 1, 3, 5.—
    o.
    To like, have no objection to, approve of (cf. E. 1. sq.):

    magis eum delectat qui se ait philosophari velle sed paucis: nam omnino haud placere,

    that he liked, had no objection to philosophizing, Cic. Rep. 1, 18, 30; v. also II. A.—
    2.
    With pres. inf. understood.
    a.
    Supplied from a preceding or subsequent clause.
    (α).
    To wish, it is his will, etc. (cf. 1. a. and b. supra):

    nunc bene vivo et fortunate atque ut volo, i. e. vivere,

    as I wish, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 111: quod diu vivendo multa quae non volt (i. e. videre) videt, Caecil. ap. Cic. Sen. 8, 25:

    proinde licet quotvis vivendo condere saecla,

    Lucr. 3, 1090:

    nec tantum proficiebam quantum volebam,

    Cic. Att. 1, 17, 1:

    tot autem rationes attulit, ut velle (i. e. persuadere) ceteris, sibi certe persuasisse videatur,

    id. Tusc. 1, 21, 49:

    sed liceret, si velint, in Ubiorum finibus considere,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 81:

    quo praesidio senatus libere quae vellet decernere auderet,

    id. B. C. 1, 2.—Of things:

    neque chorda sonum reddit quem vult manus et mens,

    Hor. A. P. 348.—
    (β).
    To choose, be pleased (freq.):

    tum mihi faciat quod volt magnus Juppiter,

    Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 50:

    id repetundi copia est, quando velis,

    id. Trin. 5, 2, 7:

    habuit aurum quamdiu voluit,

    Cic. Cael. 13, 31:

    rapiebat et asportabat quantum a quoque volebat Apronius,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 12, § 29:

    provincias quas vellet, quibus vellet, venderet?

    id. Sest. 39, 84:

    quotiens ille tibi potestatem facturus sit ut eligas utrum velis,

    id. Div. in Caecil. 14, 45:

    daret utrum vellet subclamatum est,

    Liv. 21, 18, 14:

    senatus consultum factum est ut plebes praeficeret quaestioni quem vellet,

    id. 4, 51, 2:

    saxi materiaeque caedendae unde quisque vellet jus factum,

    id. 5, 55, 3; cf. id. 2, 13, 9; 5, 46, 10; 6, 25, 5; 22, 10, 23; 23, 6, 2; 23, 15, 15; 23, 45, 10; 23, 47, 2;

    26, 21, 11: vicem suam conquestus, quod sibi soli non liceret amicis, quatenus vellet, irasci,

    Suet. Aug. 66:

    at tu quantum vis tolle,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 16.—
    (γ).
    To intend, it is my purpose, etc. (v. 1. c. supra):

    sine me pervenire quo volo,

    let me come to my point, Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 44:

    scripsi igitur Aristotelio more, quemadmodum quidem volui, tres libros... de Oratore,

    as I intended, Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 23:

    ut meliore condicione quam qua ipse vult imitetur homines eos qui, etc.,

    id. Div. in Caecil. 8, 25:

    ego istos posse vincere scio, velle ne scirem ipsi fecerunt,

    Liv. 2, 45, 12. —
    (δ).
    To be willing, to consent, I will (v. 1. h. and l. supra): tu eum orato... St. Sane volo, yes, I will, Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 57:

    jube me vinciri. Volo, dum istic itidem vinciatur,

    id. Capt. 3, 4, 75:

    patri dic velle (i. e. uxorem ducere),

    that you consent, are willing, Ter. And. 2, 3, 20 (cf.: si vis, II. A. 2, and sis, supra init.).—
    (ε).
    To do something voluntarily (v. 1. m. supra):

    tu selige tantum, Me quoque velle velis, anne coactus amem,

    Ov. Am. 3, 11, 50.—
    b.
    With ellipsis of inf.
    (α).
    Volo, with a designation of place, = ire volo:

    nos in Formiano morabamur, quo citius audiremus: deinde Arpinum volebamus,

    I intended to go to Arpinum, Cic. Att. 9, 1, 3:

    volo mensi Quinctili in Graeciam,

    id. ib. 14, 7, 2:

    hactenus Vitellius voluerat (i. e. procedere),

    Tac. A. 12, 42 fin. —
    (β).
    With other omissions, supplied from context: volo Dolabellae valde desideranti, non reperio quid (i. e. to dedicate some writing to him), Cic. Att. 13, 13, 2.—
    (γ).
    In mal. part., Plaut. Aul. 2, 4, 7; Ov. Am. 2, 4, 16; 2. 19, 2; Prop. 1, 13, 36.—
    3.
    With perfect infinitive active (rare).
    a.
    In negative imperative sentences dependent on ne velis, ne velit (in oblique discourse also ne vellet), where ne velis has the force of noli. The perfect infinitive emphatically represents the action as completed (ante-class. and poet.).
    (α).
    In ancient ordinances of the Senate and of the higher officers (not in laws proper): NEIQVIS EORVM BACANAL HABVISE VELET... BACAS VIR NEQVIS ADIESE VELET CEIVIS ROMANVS... NEVE PECVNIAM QVISQVAM EORVM COMOINEM HABVISE VELET... NEVE... QVIQVAM FECISE VELET. NEVE INTER SED CONIOVRASE, NEVE COMVOVISE NEVE CONSPONDISE, etc., S. C. de Bacch. 4-13 ap. Wordsworth, Fragm. and Spec. p. 172.—So, in quoting such ordinances: per totam Italiam edicta mitti ne quis qui Bacchis initiatus esset, coisse aut convenisse causa sacrorum velit. [p. 2006] neu quid talis rei divinae fecisse, Liv. 39, 14, 8:

    edixerunt ne quis quid fugae causa vendidisse neve emisse vellet,

    id. 39, 17, 3. —
    (β).
    In imitation of official edicts: (vilicus) ne quid emisse velit insciente domino, neu quid domino celasse velit, the overseer must not buy any thing, etc., Cato, R. R. 5, 4:

    interdico, ne extulisse extra aedis puerum usquam velis,

    Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 48:

    oscula praecipue nulla dedisse velis (= noli dare),

    Ov. Am. 1, 4, 38:

    ne quis humasse velit Ajacem, Atride, vetas? Cur?

    Hor. S. 2, 3, 187.—
    b.
    In affirmative sentences, implying command (in any mood or tense; mostly poet.): neminem nota strenui aut ignavi militis notasse volui, I have decided to mark no one, etc., Liv. 24, 16, 11: quia pepercisse vobis volunt, committere vos cur pereatis non patiuntur, because they have decided to spare you, etc., id. 32, 21, 33:

    sunt delicta tamen quibus ignovisse velimus (= volumus),

    which should be pardoned, Hor. A. P. 347.—
    c.
    To represent the will as referring to a completed action.
    (α).
    In optative sentences with vellem or velim, v. II. B. 5. b. a, and II. C. 1. b.—
    (β).
    In other sentences ( poet. and post-class.): ex omnibus praediis ex quibus non hac mente recedimus ut omisisse possessionem velimus, with the will to abandon (omittere would denote the purpose to give up at some future time), Dig. 43, 16, 1, § 25; so,

    an erit qui velle recuset Os populi meruisse?

    Pers. 1, 41:

    qui me volet incurvasse querela,

    id. 1, 91.
    B.
    With acc. and inf.
    1.
    To wish (v. A. 1. a.).
    a.
    With a different subject: hoc volo scire te: Perditus sum miser, I wish you to know, etc., Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 46:

    deos volo consilia vostra vobis recte vortere,

    id. Trin. 5, 2, 31:

    emere oportet quem tibi oboedire velis,

    id. Pers. 2, 4, 2:

    scin' quid nunc te facere volo?

    Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 85:

    si perpetuam vis esse adfinitatem hanc,

    id. Hec. 2, 2, 10:

    consul ille egit eas res quarum me participem esse voluit,

    Cic. Prov. Cons. 17, 41:

    vim volumus exstingui: jus valeat necesse est,

    id. Sest. 42, 92:

    nec mihi hunc errorem extorqueri volo,

    id. Sen. 23, 85:

    hoc te scire volui,

    id. Att. 7, 18, 4:

    harum causarum fuit justissima quod Germanos suis quoque rebus timere voluit,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 16:

    ut equites qui salvam esse rempublicam vellent ex equis desilirent,

    Liv. 4, 38, 2:

    si me vivere vis recteque videre valentem,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 3:

    si vis me flere, dolendum est Primum ipsi tibi,

    id. A. P. 102.—With pass. inf. impers.:

    regnari tamen omnes volebant,

    that there should be a king, Liv. 1, 17, 3:

    mihi volo ignosci,

    I wish to be pardoned, Cic. Or. 1, 28, 130:

    volt sibi quisque credi,

    Liv. 22, 22, 14. —
    b.
    With the same subject.
    (α).
    With inf. act.:

    quae mihi est spes qua me vivere velim,

    what hope have I, that I should wish to live? Plaut. Rud. 1, 3, 33:

    volo me placere Philolachi,

    id. Most. 1, 3, 11; cf. id. Trin. 2, 2, 47; id. Rud. 2, 6, 1:

    judicem esse me, non doctorem volo,

    Cic. Or. 33, 117:

    vult, credo, se esse carum suis,

    id. Sen. 20, 73; so id. Off. 1, 31, 113; id. de Or. 1, 24, 112; 2, 23, 95. —
    (β).
    With inf. pass.:

    quod certiorem te vis fieri quo quisque in me animo sit,

    Cic. Att. 11, 13, 1; cf. id. Fam. 1, 9, 18:

    qui se ex his minus timidos existimari volebant,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 39; cf. id. B. C. 2, 29:

    religionis se causa... Bacchis initiari velle,

    Liv. 39, 10, 2:

    Agrippae se nepotem neque credi neque dici volebat,

    Suet. Calig. 22 fin. —
    2.
    Of the will of superiors, gods, etc. (cf. A. 1. b. supra), I want, it is my will:

    me absente neminem volo intromitti,

    Plaut. Aul. 1, 3, 21:

    viros nostros quibus tu voluisti esse nos matres familias,

    id. Stich. 1, 2, 41; id. Most. 1, 4, 2; id. Rud. 4, 5, 9; id. Trin. 1, 2, 1:

    pater illum alterum (filium) secum omni tempore volebat esse,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 15, 42:

    (deus) quinque reliquis motibus orbem esse voluit expertem,

    id. Univ. 10; cf. id. Sest. 69, 147; id. Verr. 2, 4, 25, § 57; 1, 5, 14:

    causa mittendi fuit quod iter per Alpes... patefieri volebat,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 1; cf. id. ib. 5, 9; id. B. C. 1, 4:

    quippe (senatus) foedum hominem a republica procul esse volebat,

    Sall. C. 19, 2:

    nec (di) patefieri (crimina) ut impunita essent, sed ut vindicarentur voluerunt,

    Liv. 39, 16, 11; cf. id. 1, 56, 3; 2, 28, 5; 25, 32, 6:

    senatus... Romano sanguini pudicitiam tutam esse voluit,

    Val. Max. 6, 1, 9; cf. id. 6, 9, 2.—So in the historians: quid fieri vellet (velit), after a verbum imperandi or declarandi, he gave his orders, explained his will:

    quid fieri velit praecipit,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 56:

    ibi quid fieri vellet imperabat,

    id. ib. 7, 16:

    quid fieri vellet ostendit,

    id. ib. 7, 27:

    quae fieri vellet edocuit,

    id. B. C. 3, 108; cf. id. B. G. 7, 45; id. B. C. 3, 78; 3, 89:

    quid fieri vellet edixit,

    Curt. 8, 10, 30; 4, 13, 24; Val. Max. 7, 4, 2.— Frequently majores voluerunt, it was the will of our ancestors, referring to ancient customs and institutions:

    sacra Cereris summa majores nostri religione confici caerimoniaque voluerunt,

    Cic. Balb. 24, 55: majores vestri ne vos quidem temere coire voluerunt, cf. id. ib. 17, 39; 23, 54; id. Agr. 2, 11, 26; id. Fl. 7, 15; id. Imp. Pomp. 13, 39; id. Div. 1, 45, 103; id. Font. 24, 30 (10, 20); id. Rosc. Am. 25, 70.—Of testamentary dispositions: cum Titius, heres meus, mortuus erit, volo hereditatem meam ad P. Mevium pertinere, Gai Inst. 2, 277. Except in the institution of the first heir: at illa (institutio) non est comprobata: Titum heredem esse volo, Gai Inst. 2, 117. —
    3.
    Of the intention of a writer, etc., to want, to mean, intend:

    Asinariam volt esse (nomen fabulae) si per vos licet,

    Plaut. As. prol. 12:

    Plautus hanc mihi gnatam esse voluit Inopiam,

    has wanted Poverty to be my daughter, made her my daughter, id. Trin. prol. 9:

    primumdum huic esse nomen Diphilus Cyrenas voluit,

    id. Rud. prol. 33:

    quae ipsi qui scripserunt voluerunt vulgo intellegi,

    meant to be understood by all, Cic. Or. 2, 14, 60:

    si non hoc intellegi volumus,

    id. Fat. 18, 41:

    quale intellegi vult Cicero cum dicit orationem suam coepisse canescere,

    Quint. 11, 1, 31; so id. 9, 4, 82; 9, 3, 9:

    quamquam illi (Prometheo) quoque ferreum anulum dedit antiquitas vinculumque id, non gestamen, intellegi voluit,

    Plin. 33, 1, 4, § 8.—
    4.
    To resolve:

    Siculi... me defensorem calamitatum suarum... esse voluerunt,

    Cic. Div. in Caecil. 4, 11:

    si a me causam hanc vos (judices) agi volueritis,

    if you resolve, id. ib. 8, 25:

    senatus te voluit mihi nummos, me tibi frumentum dare,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 85, § 196:

    qua (statua) abjecta, basim tamen in foro manere voluerunt,

    id. ib. 2, 2, 66, §

    160: liberam debere esse Galliam quam (senatus) suis legibus uti voluisset,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 45:

    tu Macedonas tibi voluisti genua ponere, venerarique te ut deum,

    Curt. 8 (7), 13.— Hence,
    5.
    To order, command: erus meus tibi me salutem multam voluit dicere, has ordered me, etc., Plaut. Ps. 4, 2, 25:

    montem quem a Labieno occupari voluerit,

    which he had ordered to be occupied, Caes. B. G. 1, 22:

    ibi futuros esse Helvetios ubi eos Caesar... esse voluisset,

    id. ib. 1, 13 (for velitis jubeatis with inf.-clause, v. II. B. 5. d.).—
    6.
    To consent, allow (cf. A. 1. I.):

    obtinuere ut (tribuni) tribuniciae potestatis vires salubres vellent reipublicae esse,

    they prevailed upon them to permit the tribunitian power to be wholesome to the republic, Liv. 2, 44, 5:

    Hiero tutores... puero reliquit quos precatus est moriens ut juvenum suis potissimum vestigiis insistere vellent,

    id. 24, 4, 5:

    petere ut eum... publicae etiam curae ac velut tutelae vellent esse (i. e. senatus),

    id. 42, 19, 5:

    orare tribunos ut uno animo cum consulibus bellum ab urbe ac moenibus propulsari vellent,

    id. 3, 69, 5:

    quam superesse causam Romanis cur non... incolumis Syracusas esse velint?

    id. 25, 28, 8:

    si alter ex heredibus voluerit rem a legatario possideri, alter non, ei qui noluit interdictum competet,

    Dig. 43, 3, 1, § 15.—So negatively = not to let, not to suffer:

    cum P. Attio agebant ne sua pertinacia omnium fortunas perturbari vellet,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 36.—
    7.
    To be of opinion that something should be, to require, demand:

    voluisti enim in suo genere unumquemque... esse Roscium,

    Cic. Or. 1, 61, 258: eos exercitus quos contra se multos jam annos aluerint velle dimitti, he demanded the disbanding of, etc., Caes. B. C. 1, 85:

    (Cicero) vult esse auctoritatem in verbis,

    Quint. 8, 3, 43:

    vult esse Celsus aliquam et superiorem compositionem,

    id. 9, 4, 137:

    si tantum irasci vis sapientem quantum scelerum indignitas exigit,

    Sen. Ira, 2, 9, 4. —
    8.
    To be of opinion that something is or was, = censere, dicere, but implying that the opinion is erroneous or doubtful, usu. in the third pers., sometimes in the second.
    (α).
    To imagine, consider:

    est genus hominum qui esse se primos omnium rerum volunt, Nec sunt,

    Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 17:

    semper auget adsentator id quod is cujus ad voluntatem dicitur vult esse magnum,

    Cic. Lael. 26, 98:

    si quis patricius, si quis—quod illi volunt invidiosius esse—Claudius diceret,

    Liv. 6, 40, 13.—
    (β).
    To be of opinion, to hold:

    vultis, opinor, nihil esse... in natura praeter ignem,

    Cic. N. D. 3, 14, 36:

    volunt illi omnes... eadem condicione nasci,

    id. Div. 2, 44, 93:

    vultis evenire omnia fato,

    id. ib. 2, 9, 24:

    alteri censent, etc., alteri volunt a rebus fatum omne relegari,

    id. Fat. 19, 45:

    vultis a dis immortalibus hominibus dispertiri somnia,

    id. N. D. 3, 39, 93; id. Tusc. 1, 10, 20; id. Fin. 3, 11, 36; id. Rep. 2, 26, 48:

    volunt quidam... iram in pectore moveri effervescente circa cor sanguine,

    Sen. Ira, 2, 19, 3.—
    (γ).
    To say, assert:

    si tam familiaris erat Clodiae quam tu esse vis,

    as you say he is, Cic. Cael. 21, 53:

    sit sane tanta quanta tu illam esse vis,

    id. Or. 1, 55, 23:

    ad pastum et ad procreandi voluptatem hoc divinum animal procreatum esse voluerunt: quo nihil mihi videtur esse absurdius,

    id. Fin. 2, 13, 40; 2, 17, 55; 2, 42, 131; 2, 46, 142; id. Fat. 18, 41.—With perf. inf.:

    Rhodi ego non fui: me vult fuisse,

    Cic. Planc. 34, 84.—
    (δ).
    To pretend, with perf. inf., both subjects denoting the same person:

    unde homines dum se falso terrore coacti Effugisse volunt, etc.,

    Lucr. 3, 69 (cf. A. 1. n. supra).—
    (ε).
    To mean, with perf. inf.:

    utrum scientem vultis contra foedera fecisse, an inscientem?

    Cic. Balb. 5, 13.— With pres. inf.:

    quam primum istud, quod esse vis?

    what do you mean by as soon as possible? Sen. Ep. 117, 24.—
    (ζ).
    Rarely in the first pers., implying that the opinion is open to discussion:

    ut et mihi, quae ego vellem non esse oratoris, concederes,

    what according to my opinion is not the orator's province, Cic. Or. 1, 17, 74.—
    9.
    In partic.
    a.
    With things as subjects.
    (α).
    Things personified:

    ne res publica quidem haec pro se suscipi volet,

    would have such things done for it, Cic. Off. 1, 45, 159:

    cui tacere grave sit, quod homini facillimum voluerit esse natura,

    which nature willed should be easiest for man, Curt. 4, 6, 6: fortuna Q. Metellum... nasci in urbe terrarum principe voluit, fate ordained that, etc., Val. Max. 7, 1, 1: nihil rerum ipsa natura voluit magnum effici cito, it is the law of nature that, etc., Quint. 10, 3, 4:

    quid non ingenio voluit natura licere?

    what license did nature refuse to genius? Mart. 8, 68, 9:

    me sine, quem semper voluit fortuna jacere,

    Prop. 1, 6, 25:

    hanc me militiam fata subire volunt,

    id. 1, 6, 30.—
    (β).
    Of laws, to provide:

    duodecim tabulae nocturnum furem... interfici impune voluerunt,

    Cic. Mil. 3, 9:

    lex duodecim tabularum tignum aedibus junctum... solvi prohibuit, pretiumque ejus dari voluit,

    Dig. 46, 3, 98, § 8 fin. (cf. Cic. Div. in Caecil. 6, 21, b. a, infra).—
    b.
    With perf. pass. inf., to represent a state or result wished for.
    (α).
    The inf. being in full, with esse expressed: si umquam quemquam di immortales voluere esse auxilio adjutum, tum me et Calidorum servatum volunt, if it ever was the will of the gods that any one should be assisted, etc., Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 1: Corinthum patres vestri, totius Graeciae lumen, exstinctum esse voluerunt, it was their will that Corinth should be ( and remain) destroyed, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 5, 11:

    nostri... leges et jura tecta esse voluerunt,

    id. Or. 1, 59, 253:

    propter eam partem epistulae tuae per quam te et mores tuos purgatos et probatos esse voluisti,

    id. Att. 1, 17, 7; id. Fin. 4, 27, 76; id. de Or. 1, 51, 221:

    daturum se operam ne cujus suorum popularium mutatam secum fortunam esse vellent,

    Liv. 21, 45, 6: for velle redundant in this construction, v. II. A. 2. 3. infra.—With pass. inf. impers.:

    sociis maxime lex consultum esse vult,

    Cic. Div. in Caecil. 6, 21.—
    (β).
    With ellips. of esse (cf. Quint. 9, 3, 9): perdis me tuis dictis. Cu. Imo, servo et servatum volo, and mean that you should remain saved, Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 56:

    aunt qui volum te conventam,

    who want to see you, id. Cist. 4, 2, 39:

    eidem homini, si quid recte cura tum velis, mandes,

    if you want to have anything done well, id. As. 1, 1, 106:

    sed etiam est paucis vos quod monitos voluerim,

    id. Capt. prol. 53: id nunc res indicium haeo [p. 2007] facit, quo pacto factum volueris, this shows now why you wished this to be done, Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 31 (cf. Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 33; id. Aul. 3, 5, 30, II. B. 1, b, and II. B. 3. b. infra): domestica cura te levatum volo, I wish to see you relieved, etc., Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 9, 3:

    nulla sedes quo concurrant qui rem publicam defensam velint,

    id. Att. 8, 3, 4:

    rex celatum voluerat (i. e. donum),

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 28, § 64:

    Hannibal non Capuam neglectam, neque desertos volebat socios,

    Liv. 25, 20, 5; 2, 15, 2; 2, 44, 3; 3, 21, 4; 22, 7, 4;

    26, 31, 6: contemptum hominis quem destructum volebat,

    Quint. 8, 3, 21:

    si te non emptam vellet, emendus erat,

    Ov. Am. 1, 8, 34 (so with velle redundant, v. II. A. 1. d., and II. A. 3. infra).—Both subjects denoting the same person:

    velle Pompeium se Caesari purgatum,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 8.— Esp., with pass. inf. impers.: alicui consultum velle, to take care for or advocate somebody's interests:

    liberis consultum volumus propter ipsos,

    Cic. Fin. 3, 17, 57:

    obliviscere illum aliquando adversario tuo voluisse consultum,

    id. Att. 16, 16 C, 10:

    quibus tribuni plebis nunc consultum repente volunt,

    Liv. 5, 5, 3; so id. 25, 25, 17:

    quamquam senatus subventum voluit heredibus,

    Dig. 36, 1, 1, § 4; so with dep. part., used passively:

    volo amori ejus obsecutum,

    Plaut. As. 1, 1, 63.—
    c.
    With predic. adj., without copula.
    (α).
    The subjects being different (mostly aliquem salvum velle):

    si me vivum vis, pater, Ignosce,

    if you wish me to live, Ter. Heaut. 5, 5, 7:

    ille, si me alienus adfinem volet, Tacebit,

    id. Phorm. 4, 1, 16:

    ut tu illam salvam magis velis quam ego,

    id. Hec. 2, 2, 17; 3, 5, 14:

    quoniam ex tota provincia soli sunt qui te salvum velint,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 67, § 150:

    irent secum extemplo qui rempublicam salvam vellent,

    Liv. 22, 53, 7.—
    (β).
    Both subjects denoting the same person (virtually = object infinitive):

    in occulto jacebis quom te maxime clarum voles (= clarus esse voles),

    when you will most wish to be famous, Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 38:

    volo me patris mei similem,

    I wish to be like my father, id. As. 1, 1, 54: ut iste qui se vult dicacem et mehercule est, Appius, who means to be witty, etc., Cic. Or. 2, 60, 246:

    qui vero se populares volunt,

    who mean to be popular, id. Off. 2, 22, 78:

    ut integrum se salvumque velit,

    id. Fin. 2, 11, 33:

    ut (omne animal) se et salvum in suo genere incolumeque vellet,

    id. ib. 4, 8, 19. —
    d.
    With an inf.-clause understood.
    (α).
    Velle, to wish: utinam hinc abierit in malam crucem! Ad. Ita nos velle aequom est (ita = eum abire, etc.), Plaut. Poen. 4, 1, 5:

    stulta es, soror, magis quam volo (i.e. te esse),

    id. Pers. 4, 4, 78; id. Trin. 1, 2, 8; 2, 4, 175; id. Stich. 1, 1, 13; id. Ps. 1, 5, 55:

    senatum non quod sentiret, sed quod ego vellem decernere,

    Cic. Mil. 5, 12:

    neque enim facile est ut irascatur cui tu velis judex (= cui tu eum irasci velis),

    id. Or. 2, 45, 190; cf. id. Sest. 38, 82.—
    (β).
    Referring to the will of superiors, etc.:

    deos credo voluisse, nam ni vellent, non fieret,

    Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 46: jamne abeo? St. Volo (sc. te abire), so I will, id. Cas. 2, 8, 57; cf. id. Mil. 4, 6, 12; id. Merc. 2, 3, 33.—
    (γ).
    To mean, intend (v. B. 3.):

    acutum etiam illud est cum ex alterius oratione aliud atque ille vult (sc. te excipere),

    Cic. Or. 2, 67, 273.—
    (δ).
    To require, demand (v B. 7.):

    veremur quidem vos, Romani, et, si ita vultis, etiam timemus,

    Liv. 39, 37, 17;

    and of things as subjects: cadentque vocabula, si volet usus (i. e. ea cadere),

    Hor. A. P. 71.—
    (ε).
    To be of opinion, will have (v. B. 8.):

    ergo ego, inimicus, si ita vultis, homini, amicus esse rei publicae debeo,

    Cic. Prov. Cons. 8, 19:

    nam illi regi tolerabili, aut, si voltis, etiam amabili, Cyro,

    id. Rep. 1, 28, 44; id. Fin. 2, 27, 89; 3, 4, 12; id. Cael. 21, 53; Liv. 21, 10, 7; Quint. 2, 17, 41.—
    (ζ).
    With ellips. of predic. inf. (v. A. 2. b.): cras de reliquiis nos volo (i. e. cenare), it is my intention that we dine, etc., Plaut. Stich. 3, 2, 40:

    volo Varronem (i. e. hos libros habere),

    Cic. Att. 13, 25, 3.
    C.
    With ut, ne, or ut ne.
    1.
    With ut.
    a.
    To wish:

    volo ut quod jubebo facias,

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 8, 65:

    quia enim id maxime volo ut illi istac confugiant,

    id. Most. 5, 1, 49:

    ut mihi aedes aliquas conducat volo,

    id. Merc. 3, 2, 17: hoc prius volo meam rem agere. Th. Quid id est? Ph. Ut mihi hanc despondeas, id. Curc. 5, 2, 71: quid vis, nisi ut maneat Phanium? Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 8:

    velim ut tibi amicus sit,

    Cic. Att. 10, 16, 1:

    quare id quoque velim... ut sit qui utamur,

    id. ib. 11, 11, 2:

    maxime vellem, judices, ut P. Sulla... modestiae fructum aliquem percipere potuisset,

    id. Sull. 1, 1:

    equidem vellem uti pedes haberent (res tuae),

    id. Fam. 7, 33, 2:

    his ut sit digna puella volo,

    Mart. 11, 27, 14.—Both subjects denoting the same person: volueram, inquit, ut quam plurimum tecum essem, Brut. ap. Cic. Att. 13, 38, 1.—
    b.
    It is the will of, to want, ordain (v. B. 2.):

    at ego deos credo voluisse ut apud te me in nervo enicem,

    Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 17: numquid me vis? Le. Ut valeas, id. Cist. 1, 1, 120: numquid vis? Ps. Dormitum ut abeas, id. Ps. 2, 2, 70:

    volo ut mihi respondeas,

    Cic. Vatin. 6, 14; 7, 17; 7, 18; 9, 21;

    12, 29: nuntia Romanis, caelestes ita velle ut mea Roma caput orbis terrarum sit,

    Liv. 1, 16, 7.—
    c.
    To intend, it is the purpose, aim, etc., the two subjects being the same:

    id quaerunt, volunt haec ut infecta faciant,

    Plaut. Cas. 4, 4, 9.—
    d.
    With other verbs:

    quod peto et volo parentes meos ut commonstres mihi,

    Ter. Heaut. 5, 4, 4:

    quasi vero aut populus Romanus hoc voluerit, aut senatus tibi hoc mandaverit ut... privares,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 19, § 48;

    with opto,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 16, 48;

    with laboro,

    Liv. 42, 14, 3;

    with aequum censere,

    id. 39, 19, 7.—
    2.
    With ne:

    at ne videas velim,

    Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 23:

    quid nunc vis? ut opperiare hos sex dies saltem modo, ne illam vendas, neu me perdas, etc.,

    id. Ps. 1, 3, 102:

    credibile est hoc voluisse legumlatorem, ne auxilia liberorum innocentibus deessent,

    intended, Quint. 7, 1, 56.—
    3.
    With ut ne: quid nunc tibi vis? Mi. Ut quae te cupit, eam ne spernas, Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 60.
    D.
    With subjunct. of dependent verb (mostly ante-class.; class. and freq. with velim and vellem; but in Cic. mostly epistolary and colloquial).
    1.
    To wish:

    ergo animum advortas volo,

    Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 23; 2, 3, 28; 2, 3, 70:

    volo amet me patrem,

    id. As. 1, 1, 63 dub.:

    hoc volo agatis,

    id. Cist. 1, 1, 83:

    ducas volo hodie uxorem,

    Ter. And. 2, 3, 14:

    quid vis faciam?

    Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 49; Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 24; Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 64; 2, 3, 65; 2, 6, 65; 3, 3, 3; id. Ps. 4, 1, 17; 4, 7, 19; id. Cas. 2, 3, 56; id. Capt. 1, 2, 12; id. Poen. 3, 2, 16; id. Pers. 2, 4, 23; id. Rud. 5, 2, 45; 5, 3, 58; id. Stich. 5, 2, 21; Ter. Heaut. 4, 6, 14:

    volo etiam exquiras quam diligentissime poteris quid Lentulus agat?

    Cic. Att. 8, 12, 6:

    Othonem vincas volo,

    id. ib. 13, 29, 2:

    eas litteras volo habeas,

    id. ib. 13, 32, 3:

    visne igitur videamus quidnam sit, etc.,

    id. Rep. 1, 10, 15: visne igitur descendatur ad Lirim? id. Fragm. ap. Macr. S. 6, 4:

    volo, inquis, sciat,

    Sen. Ben. 2, 10, 2.—
    2.
    To be of opinion that something should be, demand, require (v. B. 7.): volo enim se efferat in adulescentia fecunditas, I like to see, etc., Cic. Or. 2, 21, 88:

    volo hoc oratori contingat ut, etc.,

    id. Brut. 84, 290.—
    3.
    With subj.-clause understood:

    abi atque obsona, propera! sed lepide volo (i. e. obsones),

    Plaut. Cas. 2, 8, 55.
    E.
    With object nouns, etc.
    1.
    With acc. of a thing.
    a.
    With a noun, to want, wish for, like to have:

    voltisne olivas, aut pulmentum, aut capparim?

    Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 90:

    animo male est: aquam velim,

    id. Am. 5, 1, 6:

    quia videt me suam amicitiam velle,

    id. Aul. 2, 3, 68; so,

    gratiam tuam,

    id. Curc. 2, 3, 52; 2, 3, 56:

    aquam,

    id. ib. 2, 3, 34:

    discidium,

    Ter. And. 4, 2, 14: nullam ego rem umquam in vita mea Volui quin tu in ea re mihi advorsatrix fueris, I never had any wish in my life, etc., id. Heaut. 5, 3, 5: (dixit) velle Hispaniam, he wanted Spain, i. e. as a province, Cic. Att. 12, 7, 1:

    mihi frumento non opus est: nummos volo,

    I want the money, id. Verr. 2, 3, 85, § 196:

    non poterat scilicet negare se velle pacem,

    id. Att. 15, 1 a, 3; cf. id. ib. 13, 32, 2 (v. II. C. 4. infra):

    si amplius obsidum (= plures obsides) vellet, dare pollicentur,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 9 fin.:

    pacem etiam qui vincere possunt, volunt,

    Liv. 7, 40, 18:

    ferunt (eum)... honestum finem voluisse,

    Tac. A. 6, 26:

    cum Scipio veram vellet et sine exceptione victoriam,

    Flor. 1, 33 (2, 18), 12:

    mensae munera si voles secundae, Marcentes tibi porrigentur uvae,

    Mart. 5, 78, 11.—
    b.
    Neutr. adjj., denoting things, substantively used: utrum vis opta, dum licet. La. Neutrum volo, Plaut. Ps. 3, 6, 16:

    quorum isti neutrum volunt,

    acknowledge neither, Cic. Fat. 12, 28:

    voluimus quaedam, contendimus... Obtenta non sunt,

    we aspired to certain things, id. Balb. 27, 61:

    restat ut omnes unum velint,

    hold one opinion, id. Marcell. 10, 32:

    si plura velim,

    if I wished for more, Hor. C. 3, 16, 38:

    per quod probemus aliud legislatorem voluisse,

    that the law-giver intended something different, Quint. 7, 6, 8:

    ut putent, aliud quosdam dicere, aliud velle,

    that they say one thing and mean another, id. 9, 2, 85:

    utrum is qui scripsit... voluerit,

    which of the two was meant by the author, id. 7, 9, 15:

    ut nemo contra id quod vult dicit, ita potest melius aliquid velle quam dicit,

    mean better than he speaks, id. 9, 2, 89:

    quis enim pudor omnia velle?

    to desire every thing, Mart. 12, 94, 11.—
    c.
    With neutr. demonstr. expressed or understood, to want, intend, aim at, like, will:

    immo faenus: id primum volo,

    Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 64:

    proximum quod sit bono... id volo,

    id. Capt. 2, 2, 22:

    nisi ea quae tu vis volo,

    unless my purpose is the same as yours, id. Ep. 2, 2, 82:

    siquidem id sapere'st, velle te id quod non potest contingere,

    Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 83:

    hoc (i. e. otium cum dignitate) qui volunt omnes optimates putantur,

    who aim at this, Cic. Sest. 45, 98:

    privatum oportet in re publica ea velle quae tranquilla et honesta sint,

    id. Off. 1, 34, 124:

    quid est sapientia? Semper idem velle atque idem nolle,

    Sen. Ep. 20, 5:

    pudebit eadem velle quae volueras puer,

    id. ib. 27, 2:

    nec volo quod cruciat, nec volo quod satiat,

    Mart. 1, 57, 4.—With demonstr. in place of inf.-clause:

    hoc Ithacus velit, et magno mercentur Atridae (sc. poenas in me sumi),

    Verg. A. 2, 104:

    hoc velit Eurystheus, velit hoc germana Tonantis (sc. verum esse, Herculem, etc.),

    Ov. H. 9, 7; Hor. S. 2, 3, 88.—
    d.
    With neutr. of interrog. pron.: quid nunc vis? Am. Sceleste, at etiam quid velim, id tu me rogas? what do you want now? Plaut. Am. 4, 2, 5:

    eloquere quid velis,

    id. Cas. 2, 4, 2: heus tu! Si. Quid vis? id. Ps. 4, 7, 21; so Ter. Eun. 2, 1, 11; cf. Hor. S. 2, 3, 152:

    sed plane quid velit nescio,

    what his intentions are, Cic. Att. 15, 1 a, 5; id. de Or. 2, 20, 84:

    mittunt etiam ad dominos qui quaerant quid velint,

    to ask for their orders, id. Tusc. 2, 17, 41:

    quid? Si haec... ipsius amici judicarunt? Quid amplius vultis?

    what more do you require, will you have? id. Verr. 2, 3, 65, § 152:

    quid amplius vis?

    Hor. Epod. 17, 30:

    spectatur quid voluerit scriptor,

    we find out the author's intention, Quint. 7, 10, 1.—Sometimes quid vult = quid sibi vult (v. 4. b.), to mean, signify:

    capram illam suspicor jam invenisse... quid voluerit,

    what it signified, Plaut. Merc. 2, 1, 30:

    sed tamen intellego quid velit,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 31, 101:

    quid autem volunt ea di immortales significantes quae sine interpretibus non possimus intellegere? etc.,

    id. Div. 2, 25, 54.—Of things as subjects:

    hunc ensem mittit tibi... Et jubet ex merito scire quid iste velit,

    Ov. H. 11, 96.—
    e.
    With rel. pron.:

    quod volui, ut volui, impetravi... a Philocomasio,

    Plaut. Mil. 4, 5, 1:

    ut quod frons velit oculi sciant,

    that the eyes know what the forehead wants, id. Aul. 4, 1, 13:

    illi quae volo concedere,

    to yield to him my wishes, id. Cas. 2, 3, 49:

    si illud quod volumus dicitur,

    what we like, id. Truc. 1, 2, 95:

    multa eveniunt homini quae volt, quae nevolt,

    id. Trin. 2, 2, 84; id. Ep. 2, 2, 4:

    quamquam (litterae tuae) semper aliquid adferunt quod velim,

    Cic. Att. 11, 11, 1:

    quae vellem quaeque sentirem dicendi,

    id. Marcell. 1, 1:

    uti ea quae vellent impetrarent,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 31:

    satis animi ad id quod tam diu vellent,

    to carry out what they had desired so long, Liv. 4, 54, 5:

    sed quod volebant non... expediebant,

    their purpose, id. 24, 23, 9. —Idiomatically: quod volo = quod demonstrare volo, what I intend to prove:

    illud quod volumus expressum est, ut vaticinari furor vera soleat,

    Cic. Div. 1, 31, 67:

    bis sumpsit quod voluit,

    he has twice begged the question, id. ib. 2, 52, 107.—With indef. relations:

    cornucopia ubi inest quidquid volo,

    whatever I wish for, Plaut. Ps. 2, 3, 5:

    Caesar de Bruto solitus est dicere: magni refert hic quid velit, sed quidquid volt, valde volt,

    whatever he wills he wills strongly, Cic. Att. 14, 1, 2.—
    f.
    With indef. pronn.
    (α).
    Si quid vis, if you want any thing: illo praesente mecum agito si quid voles, [p. 2008] Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 72: Py. Adeat si quid volt. Pa. Si quid vis, adi, mulier, id. Mil. 4, 2, 47:

    eumque Alexander cum rogaret, si quid vellet, ut diceret,

    id. Or. 2, 66, 266; Caes. B. G. 1, 7 fin. —
    (β).
    Nisi quid vis, unless you wish to give some order, to make some remark, etc.:

    ego eo ad forum nisi quid vis,

    Plaut. As. 1, 1, 94:

    nunc de ratione videamus, nisi quid vis ad haec,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 18, 42.—
    (γ).
    Numquid vis or ecquid vis? have you any orders to give? a formula used by inferiors before leaving their superiors; cf. Don. ad Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 39:

    visunt, quid agam, ecquid velim,

    Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 113:

    numquid vis aliud?

    Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 111; 1, 2, 106; id. Ad. 2, 2, 39; 3, 3, 78; id. Hec. 2, 2, 30:

    numquid vellem rogavit,

    Cic. Att. 6, 3, 6:

    frequentia rogantium num quid vellet,

    Liv. 6, 34, 7:

    rogavit num quid in Sardiniam vellet. Te puto saepe habere qui num quid Romam velis quaerant,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 2, 1.—
    2.
    With acc. of the person: aliquem velle.
    (α).
    To want somebody, i. e. in order to see him, to speak with him (ante-class. and colloq.):

    Demenaetum volebam,

    I wanted, wished to see, Demenoetus, Plaut. As. 2, 3, 12:

    bona femina et malus masculus volunt te,

    id. Cist. 4, 2, 40:

    solus te solum volo,

    id. Capt. 3, 4, 70:

    quia non est intus quem ego volo,

    id. Mil. 4, 6, 40:

    hae oves volunt vos,

    id. Bacch. 5, 2, 24:

    quis me volt? Perii, pater est,

    Ter. And. 5, 3, 1:

    centuriones trium cohortium me velle postridie,

    Cic. Att. 10, 16, 4.—With paucis verbis or paucis, for a few words ( moments):

    volo te verbis pauculis,

    Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 28:

    sed paucis verbis te volo, Palaestrio,

    id. Mil. 2, 4, 22:

    Sosia, Adesdum, paucis te volo,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 2.—
    (β).
    To love, like somebody, to be fond of somebody (anteclass. and poet.):

    hanc volo (= amo),

    Plaut. As. 5, 1, 18:

    sine me amare unum Argyrippum... quem volo,

    id. ib. 3, 2, 38:

    quom quae te volt, eamdem tu vis,

    id. Mil. 4, 2, 80:

    aut quae (vitia) corpori' sunt ejus siquam petis ac vis,

    Lucr. 4, 1152:

    quam volui nota fit arte mea,

    Ov. Am. 1, 10, 60: nolo virum, facili redimit qui sanguine famam: hunc volo, laudari qui sine morte potest, I like the one who, etc., Mart. 1, 8, 6.—
    (γ).
    To wish to have:

    roga, velitne an non uxorem,

    whether he wishes to have his wife or not, Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 43:

    ut sapiens velit gerere rem publicam, atque... uxorem adjungere, et velle ex ea liberos (anacoluth.),

    Cic. Fin. 3, 20, 68.—

    With two accusatives: (narrato) illam te amare et velle uxorem,

    that you wish to have her as your wife, Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 25; cf. id. Phorm. 1, 2, 65.—
    3.
    With two accusatives, of the person and the thing: aliquem aliquid velle, to want something of somebody (cf.: aliquem aliquid rogare; mostly ante-class.;

    not in Cic.): numquid me vis?

    Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 120:

    face certiorem me quid meus vir me velit,

    id. Cas. 2, 6, 1:

    num quidpiam me vis aliud?

    id. Truc. 2, 4, 81:

    nunc verba in pauca conferam quid te velim,

    id. As. 1, 1, 74:

    narrabit ultro quid sese velis,

    id. Ps. 2, 4, 60:

    quid me voluisti?

    id. Mil. 4, 2, 35:

    numquid aliud me vis?

    Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 101:

    quin tu uno verbo dic quid est quod me velis,

    id. And. 1, 1, 18; Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 85; id. Cist. 2, 3, 49; id. As. 2, 3, 12; id. Merc. 5, 2, 27; id. Pers. 4, 6, 11; Ter. Heaut. 4, 8, 31; id. Phorm. 2, 4, 18; id. Eun. 2, 3, 47; id. Hec. 3, 4, 15:

    si quid ille se velit, illum ad se venire oportere,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 34:

    cum mirabundus quidnam (Taurea) sese vellet, resedisset Flaccus, Me quoque, inquit, etc.,

    Liv. 26, 15, 11; also, I want to speak with somebody (v. 2. a. a):

    paucis, Euclio, est quod te volo,

    Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 22:

    est quod te volo secreto,

    id. Bacch. 5, 2, 33.—
    4.
    With acc. of thing and dat. of the person: aliquid alicui velle, to wish something to somebody (= cupio aliquid alicui; v. cupio;

    rare): quamquam vobis volo quae voltis, mulieres,

    Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 1:

    si ex me illa liberos vellet sibi,

    Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 33:

    praesidium velle se senectuti suae,

    id. ib. 1, 2, 44:

    nihil est mali quod illa non initio filio voluerit, optaverit,

    Cic. Clu. 66, 188:

    rem Romanam huc provectam ut externis quoque gentibus quietem velit,

    Tac. A. 12, 11:

    cui ego omnia meritissimo volo et debeo,

    to whom I give and owe my best wishes, Quint. 9, 2, 35.—Esp., in the phrase quid vis (vult) with reflex. dat. of interest, lit. what do you want for yourself?
    a.
    Quid tibi vis = quid vis, the dat. being redundant (rare):

    quid aliud tibi vis?

    what else do you want? Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 90.—With quisque:

    haud ita vitam agerent ut nunc plerumque videmus Quid sibi quisque velit nescire,

    be ignorant as to their own aims and purposes, Lucr. 3, 1058.—
    b.
    What do you mean? what do you drive at? what is your scope, object, drift (rare in post-Aug. writers; Don. ad Ter. Eun. prol. 45, declares it an archaism).
    (α).
    In 1 st pers. (rare):

    nunc quid processerim huc, et quid mihi voluerim dicam,

    and what I meant thereby, what was the purpose of my coming, Plaut. As. prol. 6:

    quid mihi volui? quid mihi nunc prodest bona voluntas?

    Sen. Ben. 4, 21, 6.—
    (β).
    In 2 d pers.:

    quid nunc tibi vis, mulier, memora,

    what is the drift of your talk? Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 60: sed quid nunc tibi vis? what do you want to come at (i.e. by your preamble)? id. Poen. 1, 1, 24: quid tu tibi vis? Ego non tangam meam? what do you mean? i. e. what is your purpose? Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 28:

    quid tibi vis? quid cum illa rei tibi est?

    id. ib. 4, 7, 34:

    quid est quod sic gestis? quid sibi hic vestitus quaerit? Quid est quod laetus sis? quid tibi vis?

    what do you mean by all this? id. ib. 3, 5, 11:

    quid est, inepta? quid vis tibi? quid rides?

    id. ib. 5, 6, 6:

    quid vis tibi? Quid quaeris?

    id. Heaut. 1, 1, 9: Ph. Fabulae! Ch. Quid vis tibi? id. Phorm. 5, 8, 53:

    roganti ut se in Asiam praefectum duceret, Quid tibi vis, inquit, insane,

    Cic. Or. 2, 67, 269; so in 2 d pers. plur.:

    pro deum fidem, quid vobis vultis?

    Liv. 3, 67, 7.—
    (γ).
    In 3 d pers.:

    quid igitur sibi volt pater? cur simulat?

    Ter. And. 2, 3, 1:

    quid hic volt veterator sibi?

    id. ib. 2, 6, 26:

    proinde desinant aliquando me isdem inflare verbis: quid sibi iste vult?... Cur ornat eum a quo desertus est?

    Cic. Dom. 11, 29:

    quid sibi vellet (Caesar)? cur in suas possessiones veniret?

    Caes. B. G. 1, 44 med.:

    conicere in eum oculos, mirantes quid sibi vellet (i. e. by courting the plebeians),

    Liv. 3, 35, 5:

    qui quaererent quid sibi vellent qui armati Aventinum obsedissent,

    id. 3, 50, 15:

    quid sibi voluit providentia quae Aridaeum regno imposuit?

    Sen. Ben. 4, 31, 1: volt, non volt dare Galla mihi, nec dicere possum quod volt et non volt, quid sibi Galla velit, Mart: 3, 90, 2.—
    (δ).
    Transf. of things as subjects, what means, what signifies? quid volt sibi, Syre, haec oratio? Ter. Heaut. 4, 1, 2:

    ut pernoscatis quid sibi Eunuchus velit,

    id. Eun. prol. 45:

    quid ergo illae sibi statuae equestres inauratae volunt?

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 61, § 150:

    quid haec sibi horum civium Romanorum dona voluerunt?

    id. ib. 2, 3, 80, §

    186: avaritia senilis quid sibi velit, non intellego,

    what is the meaning of the phrase, id. Sen. 18, 66:

    quid ergo illa sibi vult pars altera orationis qua Romanos a me cultos ait?

    Liv. 40, 12, 14:

    tacitae quid vult sibi noctis imago?

    Ov. M. 9, 473.—
    5.
    Bene or male alicui velle, to wish one well or ill, to like or dislike one (ante-class. and poet.): Ph. Bene volt tibi. St. Nequam est illud verbum bene volt, nisi qui bene facit, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 37 sq.:

    jam diu ego huic bene et hic mihi volumus,

    id. Ps. 1, 3, 4:

    ut tibi, dum vivam, bene velim plus quam mihi,

    id. Cas. 2, 8, 30:

    egone illi ut non bene vellem?

    id. Truc. 2, 4, 90; cf. id. ib. 2, 4, 95; id. Merc. 2, 1, 21; id. Ps. 4, 3, 7; id. Poen. 3, 3, 9:

    nisi quod tibi bene ex animo volo,

    Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 6:

    quo tibi male volt maleque faciet,

    Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 44:

    atque isti etiam parum male volo,

    id. Truc. 5, 7; cf. id. As. 5, 1, 13:

    utinam sic sient qui mihi male volunt,

    Ter. Eun. 4, 3, 13:

    non sibi male vult,

    he does not dislike himself, Petr. 38; so, melius or optime alicui velle, to like one better or best:

    nec est quisquam mihi aeque melius quoi vellem,

    Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 42; id. Merc. 5, 2, 57:

    illi ego ex omnibus optime volo,

    id. Most. 1, 4, 24.—And bene velle = velle: bene volueris in precatione augurali Messalla augur ait, significare volueris, Fest. s. v. bene sponsis, p. 351.—
    6.
    With abl.: alicujus causa velle, to like one for his own sake, i. e. personally, a Ciceronian phrase, probably inst. of omnia alicujus causa velle; lit. to wish every thing (i.e. good) in somebody's behalf.
    (α).
    With omnia expressed: etsi mihi videor intellexisse cum tecum de re M. Annaeii locutus sum, te ipsius causa vehementer omnia velle, tamen, etc.... ut non dubitem quin magnus cumulus accedat commenda tionis meae, Cic. Fam. 13, 55, 1:

    repente coepit dicere, se omnia Verris causa velle,

    that he had the most friendly disposition towards Verres, id. Verr. 2, 2, 26, § 64:

    accedit eo quod Varro magnopere ejus causa vult omnia,

    id. Fam. 13, 22, 1.—
    (β).
    Without omnia:

    per eos qui nostra causa volunt, valentque apud illum,

    Cic. Att. 11, 8, 1:

    sed et Phameae causa volebam,

    id. ib. 13, 49, 1:

    etsi te ipsius Attici causa velle intellexeram,

    id. ib. 16, 16, A, 6:

    valde enim ejus causa volo,

    id. Fam. 16, 17, 2 fin.:

    illud non perficis quo minus tua causa velim,

    id. ib. 3, 7, 6;

    12, 7, 1: si me velle tua causa putas,

    id. ib. 7, 17, 2:

    regis causa si qui sunt qui velint,

    id. ib. 1, 1, 1:

    credo tua causa velle Lentulum,

    id. Q. Fr. 1, 4, 5; id. Div. in Caecil. 6, 21; cf. id. Imp. Pomp. (v. C. 1. b. supra), where the phrase has its literal meaning; cf. also: alicujus causa (omnia) cupere; v. cupio.—
    7.
    With acc. and subjunct. per ecthesin (ante-class.): nunc ego illum meum virum veniat velim (by mixture of constructions: meum virum velim; and:

    meus vir veniat velim),

    Plaut. Cas. 3, 2, 29:

    nunc ego Simonidem mi obviam veniat velim,

    id. Ps. 4, 5, 10:

    nimis hercle ego illum corvum ad me veniat velim,

    id. Aul. 4, 6, 4:

    saltem aliquem velim qui mihi ex his locis viam monstret,

    id. Rud. 1, 3, 35:

    patrem atque matrem viverent vellem tibi,

    id. Poen. 5, 2, 106; cf. id. Merc. 2, 1, 30 (v. E. 1. d. supra).
    F.
    Velle used absolutely, variously rendered to will, have a will, wish, consent, assent:

    quod vos, malum... me sic ludificamini? Nolo volo, volo nolo rursum,

    I nill I will, I will I nill again, Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 57: novi ingenium mulierum: Nolunt ubi velis, ubi nolis cupiunt ultro, they will not where you will, etc., id. Eun. 4, 7, 43:

    quis est cui velle non liceat?

    who is not free to wish? Cic. Att. 7, 11. 2:

    in magnis et voluisse sat est,

    Prop. 2, 10 (3, 1), 6:

    tarde velle nolentis est,

    slow ness in consenting betrays the desire to refuse, Sen. Ben. 2, 5, 4:

    quae (animalia) nullam injuriam nobis faciunt, quia velle non possunt, id. Ira, 2, 26, 4: ejus est nolle qui potest velle,

    the power to assent implies the power to dissent, Dig. 50, 17, 3.—So velle substantively:

    sed ego hoc ipsum velle miserius duco quam in crucem tolli,

    that very wishing, Cic. Att. 7, 11, 2: inest enim velle in carendo, the word carere implies the notion of a wish, id. Tusc. 1, 36, 88:

    velle ac posse in aequo positum erat,

    his will and power were balanced, Val. Max. 6, 9, ext. 5:

    velle tuum nolo, Didyme, nolle volo,

    Mart. 5, 83, 2:

    velle suum cuique est,

    each has his own likings, Pers. 5, 53.
    II.
    In partic.
    A.
    Redundant, when the will to do is identified with the act itself.
    1.
    In imperative sentences.
    a.
    In independent sentences introduced by noli velle, where noli has lost the idea of volition:

    nolite, judices, hunc velle maturius exstingui vulnere vestro quam suo fato,

    do not resolve, Cic. Cael. 32, 79:

    nolite igitur id velle quod fieri non potest,

    id. Phil. 7, 8, 25: qui timor bonis omnibus injectus sit... nolite a me commoneri velle, do not wish, expect, to be reminded by me, etc., id. Mur. 25, 50: nolite hunc illi acerbum nuntium velle perferri, let it not be your decision that, etc., id. Balb. 28, 64: cujus auspicia pro vobis experti nolite adversus vos velle experiri, do not desire, etc., Liv. 7, 40, 16:

    noli adversum eos me velle ducere, etc.,

    Nep. Att. 4, 2.—
    b.
    Ne velis or ne velit fecisse = ne feceris, or ne facito (v. I. A. 3. a. supra).—So ne velis with pres. inf.:

    neve, revertendi liber, abesse velis (= neve abfueris),

    Ov. H. 1, 80.—
    c.
    In affirmative imperative sentences (velim esse = esto;

    rare): tu tantum fida sorori Esse velis (= fida esto or sis),

    Ov. M. 2, 745; and in 3 d pers.:

    di procul a cunctis... Hujus notitiam gentis habere velint (= habeant),

    id. P. 1, 7, 8:

    credere modo qui discet velit (= credat qui discet),

    Quint. 8, prooem. 12. —
    d.
    In clauses dependent on verbs of commanding and wishing:

    aut quia significant divam praedicere ut armis Ac virtute velint patriam defendere terram (= ut defendant),

    Lucr. 2, 641: precor quaesoque ne ante oculos patris facere et pati omnia infanda velis (= facias et patiaris). Liv. 23, 9, 2:

    monentes ne experiri vellet imperium cujus vis, etc.,

    id. 2, 59, 4; 39, 13, 2:

    et mea... opto Vulnera qui fecit facta levare velit,

    Ov. Tr. 5, 2, 18: nos contra (oravimus) [p. 2009]... ne vertere secum Cuncta pater fatoque urguenti incumbere vellet, Verg. A. 2, 653. —With pass. perf. inf. (v. I. B. 9. b. b):

    legati Sullam orant ut filii innocentis fortunas conservatas velit (virtually = fortunas conservet),

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 9, 25:

    a te peto ut utilitatem sociorum per te quam maxime defensam et auctam velis (= defendas et augeas),

    id. Fam. 13, 9, 3.—So after utinam or ut:

    utinam illi qui prius eum viderint me apud eum velint adjutum tantum quantum ego vellem si quid possem (= utinam illi me adjuvent quantum ego adjuvarem, etc.),

    id. Att. 11, 7, 7:

    cautius ut saevo velles te credere Marti (= utinam te credidisses),

    Verg. A. 11, 153:

    edictum praemittit ad quam diem magistratus... sibi esse praesto Cordubae vellet (= sibi praesto essent),

    Caes. B. C. 1, 19 (cf. also I. B. 9. b. b, and I. B. 2. fin. supra).—
    2.
    In conditional clauses, si facere velim = si faciam, often rendered by the potential or future auxiliaries would or will:

    non tu scis, Bacchae bacchanti si velis advorsarier, ex insana insaniorem facies? (= si advorseris),

    Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 80:

    si meum Imperium exsequi voluisset, interemptam oportuit (= si executus esset),

    Ter. Heaut. 4, 1, 22:

    si id confiteri velim, tamen istum condemnetis necesse est (= si id confitear),

    if I would acknowledge, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 18, § 45:

    si quis velit ita dicere... nihil dicat (= si quis dicat),

    id. Fat. 14, 32:

    dies deficiat si velim numerare, etc.,

    id. N. D. 3, 32, 81;

    so,

    id. Tusc. 5, 35, 102; id. Verr. 2, 2, 21, § 52:

    qua in sententia si constare voluissent, suam auctoritatem... recuperassent,

    id. Fam. 1, 9, 14; id. Verr. 2, 1, 11, § 31; id. Lael. 20, 75:

    conicere potestis, si recordari volueritis quanta, etc.,

    if you will remember, id. Verr. 2, 4, 58, § 129; so id. Or. 1, 44, 197; id. Brut. 1, 2, 5:

    quod si audire voletis externa, maximas res publicas ab adulescentibus labefactatas reperietis,

    id. Sen. 6, 20; so id. Or. 1, 60, 256; 2, 23, 95:

    ejus me compotem voti vos facere potestis, si meminisse vultis, non vos in Samnio, etc.,

    Liv. 7, 40, 5; 23, 13, 6; 23, 15, 4: cum olera Diogeni lavanti Aristippus dixisset: si Dionysium adulare velles, ista non esses;

    Imo, inquit, si tu ista esse velles, non adulares Dionysium,

    Val. Max. 4, 3, ext. 4:

    ut si his (legibus) perpetuo uti voluissent, sempiternum habituri fuerint imperium,

    id. 5, 3, ext. 3:

    quid enim si mirari velit, non in silvestribus dumis poma pendere,

    Sen. Ira, 2, 10, 6; cf. Curt. 5, 1, 1; 3, 5, 6; Ov. H. 17 (18), 43.—With perf. inf. pass.:

    nisi ea (opera) certi auctores monumentis suis testata esse voluissent,

    Val. Max. 3, 2, 24.—
    3.
    In declarative sentences.
    a.
    Volo in 1 st pers. with perf. pass. inf. or part. (volo oratum esse or oratum = oro; v. I. B. 9. b. a and b):

    vos omnes opere magno esse oratos volo benigne ut operam detis, etc.,

    Plaut. Cas. prol. 21:

    justam rem et facilem esse oratam a vobis volo,

    id. Am. prol. 33:

    illud tamen te esse admonitum volo, etc.,

    Cic. Cael. 3, 8:

    sed etiam est paucis vos quod monitos voluerim,

    Plaut. Capt. prol. 53:

    illud te, Tulli, monitum velim etc.,

    Liv. 1, 23, 8:

    quamobrem omnes eos oratos volo Ne, etc.,

    Ter. Heaut. prol. 26; so, factum volo = faciam: serva tibi sodalem, et mihi filium. Mne. Factum volo, I will, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 91: pariter nunc opera me adjuves ac, etc. Nau. Factum volo, Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 4; so Plaut. Pers. 2, 5, 10.—In 3 d pers.:

    esse salutatum vult te mea littera primum,

    Ov. P. 2, 7, 1.—
    b.
    With pres. inf.:

    propterea te vocari ad cenam volo (= voco te),

    Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 72:

    sed nunc rogare hoc ego vicissim te volo: quid fuit, etc. (= nunc te rogo),

    id. Trin. 1, 2, 136.—
    c.
    With perf. act. inf.:

    pace tua dixisse velim (= pace tua dixerim),

    Ov. P. 3, 1, 9.—
    d.
    In other connections, when the will or purpose is made more prominent than the action:

    eorum alter, qui Antiochus vocatur, iter per Siciliam facere voluit (= fecit),

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 27, § 61:

    si suscipere eam (religionem) nolletis, tamen in eo qui violasset sancire vos velle oporteret (= sancire vos oporteret),

    id. ib. 2, 4, 51, §

    114: ut insequentibus diebus nemo eorum forum aut publicum adspicere vellet (= adspiceret),

    Liv. 9, 7, 11:

    talentis mille percussorem in me emere voluisti (= emisti),

    Curt. 3, 5, 6: quin etiam senatus gratias ei agentem quod redire voluisset ante portas eduxit (= quod redisset), Val. Max. 3, 4, 4:

    utri prius gratulemur, qui hoc dicere voluit, an cui audire contigit? (= qui hoc dixit),

    id. 4, 7, ext. 2:

    sic tua non paucae carpere facta volent (= carpent),

    Ov. P. 3, 1, 64.
    B.
    Velim, as potential subjunctive (mostly in 1 st pers. sing., as subjunctive of modest statement), = volo, I wish, I should like.
    1.
    With verb in the second person.
    a.
    With pres. subj., so most frequently in Cic.
    (α).
    As a modest imperative of the dependent verb: velim facias = fac, I wish you would do it, please do it:

    ego quae in rem tuam sint, ea velim facias,

    Ter. Phorm. 2, 4, 9:

    eas (litteras) in eundem fasciculum velim addas,

    Cic. Att. 12, 53:

    eum salvere jubeas velim,

    id. ib. 7, 7, 7:

    velim me facias certiorem, etc.,

    id. ib. 1, 19, 9:

    tu velim saepe ad nos scribas,

    id. ib. 1, 12, 4:

    velim mihi ignoscas,

    id. Fam. 13, 75, 1:

    tu velim animum a me parumper avertas,

    id. Lael. 1, 5; cf. id. Att. 1, 11, 3; 7, 3, 11; 8, 12, 5; id. Fam. 15, 3, 2 et saep.:

    haec pro causa mea dicta accipiatis velim,

    Liv. 42, 34, 13: velim, inquit, hoc mihi probes, Aug. ap. Suet. Aug. 51:

    Musa velim memores, etc.,

    Hor. S. 1, 5, 53.—
    (β).
    Expressing a wish without a command (v. vellem):

    vera dicas velim,

    I wish you told the truth, Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 18:

    quam velim Bruto persuadeas ut Asturae sit,

    Cic. Att. 14, 15, 4:

    ipse velim poenas experiare meas,

    Ov. Tr. 3, 11, 74;

    so in asseverations: ita velim me promerentem ames, dum vivas, mi pater, ut... id mihi vehementer dolet,

    Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 47.—
    b.
    With infinitive clause.
    (α).
    With the force of a modest imperative:

    sed qui istuc credam ita esse, mihi dici velim (i. e. a te),

    Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 15:

    extremum illud est quod mihi abs te responderi velim,

    Cic. Vat. 17, 41 (may be a dependent subjunctive):

    itaque vos ego, milites, non eo solum animo.... pugnare velim, etc.,

    Liv. 21, 41, 10.—
    (β).
    As a mere wish:

    velim te arbitrari, frater, etc.,

    Plaut. Aul. 2, 1, 1:

    primum te arbitrari id quod res est velim,

    Ter. Eun. 5, 5, 9.—With perf. act.:

    hanc te quoque ad ceteras tuas eximias virtutes, Masinissa, adjecisse velim,

    Liv. 30, 14, 6.—With perf. pass., Liv. 1, 23, 8 (v. II. A. 3. a. supra).—
    c.
    With ut (rare):

    de tuis velim ut eo sis animo, quo debes esse,

    Cic. Fam. 4, 14, 4. —
    d.
    With ne (rare), Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 23 (v. I. C. 2. supra).—
    2.
    With dependent verb in the third person, expressing a wish.
    a.
    With pres. subj.:

    ita se defatigent velim Ut, etc.,

    Ter. Ad. 4, 1, 3:

    de Cicerone quae mihi scribis, jucunda mihi sunt: velim sint prospera,

    Cic. Att. 14, 11, 2:

    velim seu Himilco, seu Mago respondeat,

    Liv. 23, 12, 15:

    sint haec vera velim,

    Verg. Cir. 306:

    nulla me velim syllaba effugiat,

    Quint. 11, 2, 45.—With final clause:

    tu velim mihi ad urbem praesto sis, ut tuis consiliis utar,

    Cic. Att. 9, 16, 3; cf. id. ib. 11, 11, 2 (v. I. C. 2. supra).—With ellips. of pres. subj.:

    velim mehercule Asturae Brutus (i. e. sit),

    Cic. Att. 14, 11, 1.—
    b.
    With perf. subj. (a wish referring to the past):

    nimis velim improbissumo homini malas edentaverint,

    Plaut. Rud. 3, 2, 48.—
    c.
    With inf.-clause:

    ne ego nunc mihi modium mille esse argenti velim!

    Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 9: di me perdant! Me. Quodcunque optes, velim tibi contingere, id. Cist. 2, 1, 30:

    velim eum tibi placere quam maxime,

    Cic. Brut. 71, 249: idque primum ita esse velim;

    deinde etiam, si non sit, mihi persuaderi tamen velim,

    id. Tusc. 1, 11, 24:

    quod faxitis, deos velim fortunare,

    Liv. 6, 41, 12.—With perf. pass. inf. (v. I. B. 9. b. b, supra):

    edepol te hodie lapide percussum velim,

    Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 33:

    moribus praefectum mulierum hunc factum velim,

    id. Aul. 3, 5, 30.—With inf.-clause understood:

    nimium plus quam velim nostrorum ingenia sunt mobilia,

    Liv. 2, 37, 4.—
    3.
    With verb in the first person.
    a.
    With inf. pres. (so most freq.):

    atque hoc velim probare omnibus, etc.,

    Cic. Prov. Cons. 20, 47:

    velim scire ecquid de te recordere,

    id. Tusc. 1, 6, 13:

    quare te, ut polliceris, videre plane velim,

    id. Att. 11, 9, 3:

    nec vero velim... a calce ad carceres revocari,

    id. Sen. 23, 83:

    sed multitudo ea quid animorum... habeat scire velim,

    Liv. 23, 12, 7:

    interrogare tamen velim, an Isocrates Attice dixerit,

    Quint. 12, 10, 22.—With perf. inf. act., Ov. P. 3, 1, 9 (v. II. A. 3. c.).—
    b.
    With acc. and inf.:

    quod velis, modo id velim me scire,

    Plaut. Cas. 2, 4, 8.—So with perf. pass. inf.:

    ego praeterquam quod nihil haustum ex vano velim, Fabium... potissimum auctorem habui,

    Liv. 22, 7, 4.—
    c.
    With subj. pres.:

    eo velim tam facili uti possim et tam bono in me quam Curione,

    Cic. Att. 10, 8, 10 B. and K. ex conj. Mull. (Lachm., Hoffm. posse; al. possem).—
    4.
    Velim in the principal sentence of conditional clauses, I would, I should be willing:

    aetatem velim servire, Libanum ut (= si) conveniam modo,

    Plaut. As. 2, 2, 8:

    velim, si fieri possit,

    id. Truc. 2, 4, 12:

    si quid tibi compendi facere possim, factum edepol velim (redundant),

    id. ib. 2, 4, 26:

    si possim, velim,

    id. Stich. 4, 2, 9:

    nec velim (imitari orationes Thucydidis) si possim,

    Cic. Brut. 83, 287:

    si liceat, nulli cognitus esse velim,

    Ov. Tr. 5, 12, 42.—
    5.
    The other persons of velim in potential use (rare).
    a.
    Velis.
    (α).
    Imperatively = cupito:

    quoniam non potest fieri quod vis, Id velis quod possit,

    Ter. And. 2, 1, 6:

    atque aliquos tamen esse velis tibi, alumna, penates,

    Verg. Cir. 331.—
    (β).
    Declaratively with indef. subj.: quom inopia'st, cupias; quando ejus copia'st, tum non velis, then you (i.e. people, they) do not want it, Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 45.—
    (γ).
    Redundant, as a form of the imperative of the dependent verb, Ov. Am. 1, 4, 38 (v. I. A. 3. a. b); id. H. 1, 80 (v. II. A. 1. b.); id. M. 2, 746 (v. II. A. 1. c.).—
    b.
    Velit.
    (α).
    Modestly for vult:

    te super aetherias licentius auras Haud pater ille velit, etc.,

    Verg. A. 7, 558: nemo enim minui velit id in quo maximus fuit, would like that to be diminished in which, etc., Quint. 12, 11, 6; cf. Verg. A. 2, 104, and Ov. H. 9, 7 (v. I. E. 1. c. supra).— So, poet., instead of vellet with perf. inf.:

    ut fiat, quid non illa dedisse velit?

    Ov. Am. 2, 17, 30.—
    (β).
    = imperative of third person:

    arma velit, poscatque simul rapiatque juventus,

    Verg. A. 7, 340.—Redundantly, giving to the dependent verb the force of an imperative, Quint. 8, prooem. 12 (v. II. A. 1. c. supra; v. also I. A. 3. a. supra).—
    c.
    Velimus.
    (α).
    In the optative sense of velim:

    sed scire velimus quod tibi nomen siet,

    Plaut. Pers. 4, 6, 18.—
    (β).
    With imperative sense (= let us, we should, etc.), Quint. 6, 3, 28 (v. I. A. 2. d. supra).—
    d.
    Velitis = velim velitis (i. e. jubeatis, jubete):

    novos consules ita cum Samnite gerere bellum velitis ut omnia ante nos bella gesta sunt,

    Liv. 9, 8, 10.—So especially in velitis jubeatis, a formula in submitting a law to the votes of the people in the comitia centuriata or tributa, let it be resolved and ordered by you:

    rogatus in haec verba populus: velitis jubeatisne haec sic fieri, si respublica populi Romani Quiritium, etc.,

    Liv. 22, 10, 2:

    velitis jubeatis, Quirites... uti de ea re Ser. Sulpicius praetor urbanus ad senatum referat, etc.,

    id. 38, 54, 3.—And parodied by Cic.:

    velitis jubeatis ut quod Cicero versum fecerit,

    Cic. Pis. 29, 72.—So in oblique discourse, vellent juberent:

    rogationem promulgavit, vellent juberent Philippo... bellum indici,

    Liv. 31, 6, 1:

    vellent juberentne se regnare,

    id. 1, 46, 1; cf.

    in the resolution of the people: plebis sic jussit: quod senatus... censeat, id volumus jubemusque,

    id. 26, 33, 14.—
    e.
    Velint, optative and redundant, Cic. Att. 11, 7, 7 (v. II. A. 1. d.); Ov. P. 1, 7, 8 (v. II. A. 1. c.).
    C.
    Vellem, as potential subjunctive, I wish, should like, should have liked, representing the wish as contrary to fact, while velim refers to a wish which may be realized:

    de Menedemo vellem verum fuisset, de regina velim verum sit,

    Cic. Att. 15, 4, 4. It is not used with imperative force; cf.:

    quod scribis, putare te... vellem scriberes, cur ita putares... tu tamen velim scribas,

    Cic. Att. 11, 24, 5.—Often quam vellem, how I wish, i. e. I wish very much; and in the same sense: nimium vellem, v. infra.
    1.
    With verb in first person.
    a.
    With inf. pres., I wish, would like, referring to present or future actions:

    videre equidem vos vellem, cum huic aurum darem,

    Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 68:

    vellem equidem idem posse gloriari quod Cyrus,

    Cic. Sen. 10, 32:

    vellem equidem vobis placere, Quirites, sed, etc.,

    Liv. 3, 68, 9:

    quam fieri vellem meus libellus!

    Mart. 8, 72, 9.—With cuperem and optarem:

    nunc ego Triptolemi cuperem conscendere currus... Nunc ego Medeae vellem frenare dracones... Nunc ego jactandas optarem sumere pennas, etc.,

    Ov. Tr. 3, 8, 1 sqq.— [p. 2010] Rarely, I should have liked:

    tum equidem istuc os tuum inpudens videre nimium vellem!

    Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 49.—And in conditional sense:

    maerorem minui: dolorem nec potui, nec, si possem, vellem (i. e. minuere),

    Cic. Att. 12, 28, 2:

    certe ego, si sineres, titulum tibi reddere vellem,

    Ov. Tr. 4, 5, 13:

    sic nec amari quidem vellem (i. e. if I were in his place),

    Sen. Ira, 1, 20, 4.—
    b.
    With perf. inf., I wish I had:

    abiit, vah! Rogasse vellem,

    I wish I had asked him, Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 25:

    maxime vellem semper tecum fuisse,

    Cic. Att. 8, 11, D, 5:

    quam vellem petisse ab eo quod audio Philippum impetrasse,

    id. ib. 10, 4, 10:

    non equidem vellem, quoniam nocitura fuerunt, Pieridum sacris imposuisse manum,

    Ov. Tr. 4, 1, 27:

    ante equidem summa de re statuisse, Latini, Et vellem, et fuerat melius,

    Verg. A. 11, 303. —
    c.
    With inf.-clause, the predicate being a perf. part. (v. I. B. 9. b. b, supra):

    virum me natam vellem,

    would I had been born a man! Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 9.—
    d.
    With subj. imperf. (rare):

    quam vellem, Panaetium nostrum nobiscum haberemus,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 10, 15.—
    2.
    The subject of the dependent verb in the second person.
    a.
    With subj. imperf. (the regular construction):

    hodie igitur me videbit, ac vellem tum tu adesses,

    I wish you could be present, Cic. Att. 13, 7, 2:

    quam vellem de his etiam oratoribus tibi dicere luberet,

    I wish you would please, id. Brut. 71, 248.—
    b.
    With subj. pluperf., I wish you had:

    vellem Idibus Martiis me ad cenam invitasses,

    Cic. Fam. 12, 4, 1:

    quam vellem te ad Stoicos inclinavisses,

    id. Fin. 3, 3, 10:

    vellem suscepisses juvenem regendum,

    id. Att. 10, 6, 2:

    quam vellem Bruto studium tuum navare potuisses,

    id. ib. 15, 4, 5.—
    c.
    With ne and pluperf. subj.:

    tu vellem ne veritus esses ne parum libenter legerem tuas litteras,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 33, 2.—
    d.
    With ellipsis of verb: vera cantas, vana vellem (i. e. cantares). Plaut. Most. 3, 4, 41.—
    3.
    With verb in third person.
    a.
    With imperf. subj. (the regular construction):

    patrem atque matrem viverent vellem tibi (per ecthesin, v. I. E. b.),

    Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 106:

    vellem adesset Antonius, modo sine advocatis,

    Cic. Phil. 1, 7, 16:

    vellem nobis hoc idem vere dicere liceret,

    id. Off. 3, 1, 1:

    vellem adesse posset Panaetius,

    id. Tusc. 1, 33, 81:

    vellem hoc esset laborare,

    id. Or. 2, 71, 287.—
    b.
    With pluperf. subj.:

    vellem aliqui ex vobis robustioribus hunc male dicendi locum suscepissent,

    Cic. Cael. 3, 7:

    vellem dictum esset ab eodem etiam de Dione,

    id. ib. 10, 23; so id. ib. 31, 74; id. Brut. 44, 163:

    quam vellem Dareus aliquid ex hac indole hausisset!

    Curt. 3, 32 (12), 26.—
    c.
    With inf.-clause.
    (α).
    With inf. pres., I wish he were:

    quam non abesse ab hujus judicio L. Vulsionem vellem!

    Cic. Clu. 70, 198:

    nunc mihi... Vellem, Maeonide, pectus inesse tuum,

    Ov. F. 2, 120.—
    (β).
    With perf. inf. or part., I wish he had, had been:

    quam vellem Menedemum invitatum!

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 11:

    epistulas, quas quidem vellem mihi numquam redditas,

    Cic. Att. 11, 22, 1.—

    With ellipsis of predicate: illud quoque vellem antea (i. e. factum, or factum esse),

    Cic. Att. 11, 23, 3.—
    d.
    With ut, Cic. Sull. 1, 1; id. Fam. 7, 33, 2 (v. I. C. 1. a. supra).—
    4.
    With acc. of a neuter pronoun or of a noun:

    aliquando sentiam us nihil nobis nisi, id quod minime vellem, spiritum reliquum esse,

    Cic. Att. 9, 19, 2: tris eos libros maxime nunc vellem: apti essent ad id quod cogito, I would like to have (cf. I. E. 1. a.), id. ib. 13, 22, 2.—
    5.
    In the other persons of vellem (mostly poet.).
    a.
    Velles.
    (α).
    In optative sentences redundant, Verg. A. 11, 153 (v. II. A. 1. d.).—
    (β).
    Of an indefinite subject:

    velles eum (Senecam) suo ingenio dixisse, alieno judicio,

    Quint. 10, 1, 130.—
    b.
    Vellet.
    (α).
    In the potential sense of vellem: vellet abesse quidem;

    sed adest. Velletque videre, Non etiam sentire canum fera facta suorum,

    Ov. M. 3, 247.—
    (β).
    Conditionally:

    quis vellet tanti nuntius esse mali (i. e. if in this situation)?

    Ov. H. 12, 146.—
    c.
    Vellent.
    (α).
    In the potential sense of vellem:

    quam vellent aethere in alto Nunc of pauperiem et duros perferre labores!

    Verg. A. 6, 436.—
    (β).
    Conditionally: nec superi vellent hoc licuisse sibi, would wish, i. e. if in this situation, Mart. 4, 44, 8.
    D.
    Volam and voluero.
    1.
    In gen.: respiciendus erit sermo stipulationis, utrumne talis sit: quem voluero, an quem volam. Nam si talis fuerit quem voluero, cum semel elegerit, mutare voluntatem non poterit;

    si vero... quem volam, donec judicium dictet, mutandi potestatem habebit,

    Dig. 45, 1, 112.—
    2.
    Volam in principal sentences.
    (α).
    = Engl. future, I shall wish, etc.:

    et commeminisse hoc ego volam te,

    I shall require you to recollect this, Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 7: cum omnia habueris, tunc habere et sapientiam voles? will you also wish to have wisdom when? etc., Sen. Ep. 17, 8.—
    (β).
    Denoting present probability: et scilicet jam me hoc voles patrem exorare, ut, etc., you doubtless wish me, etc., Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 27.—
    3.
    In clauses dependent on predicates implying a future, generally rendered by an English present:

    quid si sors aliter quam voles evenerit?

    otherwise than as you wish, Plaut. Cas. 2, 5, 35:

    tum te, si voles, cum patriae quod debes solveris, satis diu vixisse dicito,

    then if you choose, if you will, Cic. Marcell. 9, 27:

    decedes cum voles,

    id. Att. 6, 3, 2:

    qui magis effugies eos qui volent fingere?

    those who are bent upon inventing, who will invent, falsehoods, id. ib. 8, 2, 2; cf. id. ib. 1, 1, 4; id. Verr. 2, 4, 25, § 55; id. Prov. Cons. 9, 24:

    quod voles gratum esse, rarum effice,

    Sen. Ben. 1, 14, 1; cf. id. Brev. Vit. 7, 9: si di volent, the gods permitting, August. ap. Suet. Calig. 8:

    invenies, vere si reperire voles,

    Ov. P. 3, 1, 34; cf. Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 78; Tib. 1, 4, 45.—So, voluero:

    quem (locum) si qui vitare voluerit, sex milium circuitu in oppidum pervenit,

    who wishes to avoid this spot, Caes. B. C. 2, 24.
    E.
    Si vis, parenthetically.
    1.
    If you please (cf. sis, supra init.):

    paulum opperirier, Si vis,

    Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 52:

    audi, si vis, nunc jam,

    id. Ad. 2, 1, 30:

    dic, si vis, de quo disputari velis,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 5, 13.—
    2.
    If you wish, choose, insist upon it:

    hanc quoque jucunditatem, si vis, transfer in animum,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 4, 14:

    addam, si vis, animi, etc.,

    id. ib. 2, 27, 89:

    concedam hoc ipsum, si vis, etc.,

    id. Div. 2, 15, 34.
    F.
    Quam, with any person of the pres. indic. or subj., or imperf. subj. or future, = quamvis, in a concessive sense, virtually, however, however much.
    1.
    3 d pers. sing.:

    quod illa, quam velit sit potens, numquam impetravisset (= quamvis sit potens),

    however powerful she may be, Cic. Cael. 26, 63:

    C. Gracchus dixit, sibi in somnis Ti. fratrem visum esse dicere, quam vellet cunctaretur, tamen eodem sibi leto... esse pereundum,

    id. Div. 1, 26, 56:

    quam volet jocetur,

    id. N. D. 2, 17, 46.—
    2.
    1 st pers. plur.:

    quam volumus licet ipsi nos amemus, tamen, etc.,

    Cic. Har. Resp. 9, 19.—
    3.
    2 d pers. plur.: exspectate facinus quam vultis improbum, vincam tamen, etc., expect a crime, however wicked ( ever so wicked), etc., Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 5, § 11;

    but: hac actione quam voletis multi dicent,

    as many as you choose, id. ib. 2, 2, 42, § 102.—
    4.
    3 d pers. plur.:

    quam volent illi cedant, tamen a re publica revocabuntur,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 44, 113:

    quam volent in conviviis faceti, dicaces, etc., sint, alia fori vis est, alia triclinii,

    id. Cael. 28, 67;

    but: et ceteri quam volent magnas pecunias capere possint,

    as much money as they choose, id. Verr. 2, 2, 58, § 142.
    G.
    Volo = malo, to prefer, with a comparative clause (rare):

    quodsi in ceteris quoque studiis a multis eligere homines commodissimum quodque, quam sese uni alicui certo vellent addicere, = si se eligere mallent quam se uni addicere,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 2, 5:

    malae rei quam nullius duces esse volunt,

    Liv. 3, 68, 11:

    famaene credi velis quanta urbs a te capta sit, quam posteris quoque eam spectando esse?

    id. 25, 29, 6.
    H.
    With magis and maxime.
    1.
    Magis velle: ut tu illam salvam magis velles quam ego, you wish more than I, etc., Ter. Hec. 2, 2, 17.—
    2.
    With maxime, to wish above all, more than any thing or any one else, to be most agreeable to one, to like best, to prefer (among more than two alternatives):

    quia id maxime volo ut illi istoc confugiant,

    wish above all, Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 49; so id. Trin. 3, 2, 38:

    maxime vellem, judices, ut P. Sulla, etc.,

    Cic. Sull. 1, 1:

    caritate nos capiunt reges, consilio optimates, libertate populi, ut in comparando difficile ad eligendum sit, quid maxime velis,

    which you prefer, like best, id. Rep. 1, 35, 55; so, quemadmodum ego maxime vellem, id. Att. 13, 1, 1:

    tris eos libros maxime nunc vellem,

    above all others, id. ib. 13, 32, 2:

    alia excusanti juveni, alia recipienti futura, ita ut maxime vellet senatus responderi placuit,

    as it was most agreeable to him, Liv. 39, 47:

    si di tibi permisissent quo modo maxime velles experiri animum meum,

    in the manner most convenient to yourself, Curt. 3, 6, 12.
    K.
    In disjunctive co - ordination.
    1.
    With sive... sive:

    tu nunc, sive ego volo, seu nolo, sola me ut vivam facis,

    whether I choose or not, Plaut. Cist. 3, 14:

    itaque Campanos sive velint, sive nolint, quieturos,

    Liv. 8, 2, 13.—
    2.
    Without connectives.
    a.
    Vis tu... vis:

    congredi cum hoste liceat... vis tu mari, vis terra, vis acie, vis urbibus expugnandis experiri virtutem?

    Liv. 25, 6, 22.—
    b.
    Velim nolim.
    (α).
    Interrogatively, = utrum velim nec ne:

    velit nolit scire, difficile est,

    it is difficult to know whether he intends it or not, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 8, 4.—
    (β).
    = seu velim seu nolim:

    ut mihi, velim nolim, sit certa quaedam tuenda sententia,

    whether I will or not, Cic. N. D. 1, 7, 17:

    velim nolim, in cognomine Scipionum haeream necesse est,

    Val. Max. 3, 7, 3:

    mors interim adest, cui velis nolis vacandum est,

    Sen. Brev. Vit. 8, 5:

    hunc ita fundatum necesse est, velit nolit, sequatur hilaritas continua,

    id. Vit. Beat. 4, 4:

    velint nolint, respondendum est... beate vivere bonum non esse,

    id. Ep. 117, 4:

    praeterea futuri principes, velint nolint, sciant, etc.,

    Plin. Pan. 20 fin. Part. and P. a.: vŏlens, entis.
    A.
    As a part. proper, retaining the meaning and construction of velle, with the force of a relative or adverbial clause.
    1.
    Agreeing with some member of the sentence ( poet. and in post-class. prose;

    rare): neque illum... multa volentem Dicere praeterea vidit (= qui multa voluit dicere),

    Verg. G. 4, 501; id. A. 2, 790:

    nec me vis ulla volentem Avertet (i. e. si adhaerere foederi volo),

    id. ib. 12, 203: decemviri, minuere volentes hujuscemodi violentiam... putaverunt, etc., intending ( who intended) to diminish such a violence, etc., Gell. 20, 1, 34:

    Milo, experiri etiamtunc volens, an ullae sibi reliquae vires adessent... rescindere quercum conatus est,

    id. 15, 16, 3:

    scio quosdam testatores, efficere volentes ne servi sui umquam ad libertatem venirent, etc., hactenus scribere solitos,

    Dig. 40, 4, 61:

    si te volentem ad prohibendum venire, deterruerit aliquis, etc.,

    ib. 43, 24, 1, § 10.—
    2.
    Abl. absol. (not ante-Aug.):

    ne cujus militis scripti nomen nisi ipso volente deleretur,

    except with his consent, Liv. 7, 41, 4; so,

    Teum ex medio cursu classem repente avertit, aut volentibus iis usurus commeatu parato hostibus, aut ipsos pro hostibus habiturus,

    with their consent, id. 37, 27, 3:

    ponuntque ferocia Poeni Corda, volente deo,

    since the god willed it, Verg. A. 1, 303: Thrasippo supplicium a se voluntaria morte exigere volente, while he was about to inflict punishment on himself, etc., Val. Max. 5, 1, ext. 2: scire volentibus immortalibus dis an Romana virtus imperium orbis mereretur, it being the will of the gods to know, etc., Flor. 1, 13, 3 (1, 7, 3): qui sciente aut volente eo ad quem res pertinet, possessionem nanciscitur, with the knowledge and consent of the person who, etc., Dig. 41, 2, 6. —
    B.
    As adj., willing, voluntary, and hence, favorably disposed (opp. invitus).
    1.
    Attributively.
    a.
    In the phrase cum dis volentibus, lit. with the willing or favoring gods, i. e. with the will, permission, or favor of the gods: dono ducite doque volentibu' cum magnis dis, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38 (Ann. v. 208 Vahl.):

    sequere hac, mea gnata, me cum dis volentibus,

    Plaut. Pers. 3, 1, 4:

    cum dis volentibus quodque bene eveniat mando tibi Mani uti illaec suovetaurilia, etc.,

    Cato, R. R. 141 (142).— And without cum, abl. absol.:

    virtute ac dis volentibus magni estis et opulenti,

    Sall. J. 14, 19.—
    b.
    Volenti animo.
    (α).
    = cupide, eagerly:

    Romae plebes litteris quae de Metello ac Mario missae erant, volenti animo de ambobus acceperant,

    Sall. J. 73, 3. —
    (β).
    On purpose, intentionally:

    consilio hanc omnes animisque volentibus urbem Adferimur,

    Verg. A. 7, 216.—
    2.
    Predicatively.
    a.
    Agreeing with the subject-nom. or subject - acc.
    (α).
    Voluntarily, willingly, [p. 2011] gladly (class.):

    (hi) divini generis appellentur... vobisque jure et lege volentes pareant,

    Cic. Univ. 11 fin.:

    quas victi ab hostibus poenas metuerant, eas ipsi volentes pendere,

    Sall. J. 76, 6:

    quia volentes in amicitiam non veniebant,

    Liv. 21, 39, 4:

    si volentes ac non coacti mansissent in amicitia,

    id. 24, 37, 7:

    quocunque loco seu volens seu invitus constitisti,

    id. 7, 40, 13:

    itaque se numquam volentem parte qua posset rerum consilio gerendarum cessurum,

    id. 22, 27, 9:

    (virtus), quidquid evenerit, feret, non patiens tantum, sed etiam volens,

    Sen. Vit. Beat. 15, 5:

    non est referre gratiam quod volens acceperis nolenti reddere,

    id. Ben. 4, 40, 4:

    volens vos Turnus adoro,

    Verg. A. 10, 677; 3, 457; 6, 146;

    12, 833: date vina volentes,

    id. ib. 8, 275: ipsa autem macie tenuant armenta volentes ( on purpose), id. G. 3, 129.—And referring to subjects denoting things: quos rami fructus, quos ipsa volentia rura Sponte tulere sua, carpsit ( spontaneously and willingly), Verg. G. 2, 500.—
    (β).
    Favorably; with propitius, favorably and kindly, referring to the gods:

    precantes Jovem ut volens propitius praebeat sacra arma pro patria,

    Liv. 24, 21, 10:

    precantibus ut volens propitiaque urbem Romanam iniret,

    id. 29, 14, 13:

    in ea arce (Victoriam) sacratam, volentem propitiamque, firmam ac stabilem fore populo Romano,

    id. 22, 37, 12; 1, 16, 3; 7, 26, 3; 24, 38, 8; Inscr. Orell. 2489 sq.—Parodied by Plautus:

    agite, bibite, festivae fores! fite mihi volentes propitiae,

    Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 89.— Abl. absol.:

    omnia diis propitiis volentibusque ea faciemus,

    with the favor and help of the gods, Liv. 39, 16, 11 Weissenb. ad loc.:

    si (Jovem) invocem ut dexter ac volens assit,

    Quint. 4, prooem. 5.—
    b.
    Agreeing with other terms of the sentence (rare): volenti consuli causa in Pamphyliam devertendi oblata est, a welcome cause was offered to the consul, etc., Liv. 38, 15, 3:

    quod nobis volentibus facile continget,

    if we wish, Quint. 6, 2, 30:

    is Ariobarzanem volentibus Armeniis praefecit,

    to their satisfaction, Tac. A. 2, 4:

    gemis... hominem, Urse, tuum, cui dulce volenti servitium... erat,

    to whom his servitude was sweet, since he liked it, Stat. S. 2, 6, 15:

    me mea virtus, etc., fatis egere volentem,

    Verg. A. 8, 133:

    saepe ille volentem castigabat erum,

    administered kindly received rebukes, Stat. S. 2, 6, 50.—
    c.
    In the phrase aliquid mihi volenti est or putatur, etc., something is welcome, acceptable to me, pleases me (= volens habeo or accipio aliquid; cf. the Gr. Humin tauta boulomenois estin, and, mihi aliquid cupienti est; v. cupio;

    rare but class.): uti militibus exaequatus cum imperatore labos volentibus esset,

    that the equalization of labor was acceptable to the soldier, Sall. J. 100, 4:

    quia neque plebei militia volenti putabatur,

    id. ib. 84, 3 Dietsch:

    grande periculum maritumis civitatibus esse, et quibusdam volentibus novas res fore,

    that to some a change of the government would be welcome, Liv. 21, 50, 10:

    quibus bellum volentibus erat, probare exemplum,

    Tac. Agr. 18.— Impers. with subject - inf.: ceterisque remanere et in verba Vespasiani adigi volentibus fuit, to the rest it was acceptable to remain, etc., Tac. H. 3, 43.—With subject-inf. understood:

    si volentibus vobis erit, in medium profero quae... legisse memini,

    Macr. S. 7, 13, 11:

    si volentibus vobis erit, diem fabulis et epulis exigamus,

    id. ib. 1, 7; 2, 3 fin.; 6, 6 init. —
    3.
    As subst. (mostly post-Aug.).
    a.
    vŏlens, entis, m., = is qui vult, in the different meanings, and often with the construction of the verb.
    (α).
    One who wishes:

    nunc cis Hiberum castra Romana esse, arcem tutam perfugiumque novas volentibus res,

    Liv. 22, 22, 11:

    consulere se volentibus vacuas aures accommodavit,

    Val. Max. 5, 8, 3:

    quid opus libertate si volentibus luxu perire non licet,

    id. 2, 9, 5:

    discere meliora volentibus promptum est,

    i. e. it depends on our own will to learn better things, Quint. 11, 11, 12:

    nec sum in hoc sollicitus, dum res ipsa volentibus discere appareat,

    to the students, id. 8, 4, 15:

    mori volentibus vis adhibita vivendi,

    Suet. Tib. 61.—
    (β).
    One who intends, is about:

    juris ignorantia non prodest acquirere volentibus,

    i. e. in the acquisition of property, Dig. 22, 6, 7:

    si quis volentem incipere uti frui prohibuit,

    one who is about to enter upon a usufruct, ib. 43, 16, 3, § 14. —
    (γ).
    One who is willing:

    non refert quid sit quod datur, nisi a volente volenti datur,

    unless it is both willingly given and received, Sen. Ben. 2, 18, 8:

    ducunt volentem fata, nolentem trahunt,

    those willing to follow, id. Ep. 107, 11.—
    (δ).
    One who consents:

    tutiusque rati volentibus quam coactis imperitare,

    to rule men with their consent, Sall. J. 102, 6:

    quippe rempublicam si a volentibus nequeat ab invitis jus expetituram,

    peaceably if they could, forcibly if they must, Liv. 3, 40, 4:

    si quis aliam rem pro alia volenti solverit,

    if one pays with the consent of the receiver, Dig. 46, 3, 46:

    nulla injuria est quae in volentem fiat,

    ib. 47, 10, 1, § 5.—
    (ε).
    One who does a thing voluntarily:

    pecuniam etiam a volentibus acceperant,

    the contributions of money were voluntary, Vell. 2, 62, 3:

    parce, puer, stimulis... (solis equi) Sponte sua properant. Labor est inhibere volentis (i. e. properare),

    Ov. M. 2, 128.—
    (ζ).
    Volens = bene volens: munificus nemo habebatur nisi pariter volens, unless he was just as kindly disposed, sc. as he was liberal, Sall. J. 103, 6.—Often referring to a previously mentioned noun:

    hunc cape consiliis socium et conjunge volentem,

    and unite with him, since he wishes it, Verg. A. 5, 712; so may be taken Ov. M. 2, 128 (v. e).—
    b.
    In the neutr. plur. (volentia) rare, always with dat., things pleasing, acceptable:

    Pompeius multis suspitionibus volentia plebi facturus habebatur,

    that he would do what pleased the common people, Sall. H. 4, 31 Dietsch:

    haec atque talia plebi volentia fuere,

    Tac. A. 15, 36 Draeg. ad loc. al.:

    iique Muciano volentia rescripsere,

    id. H. 3, 52.—Hence, adv.: vŏlenter, willingly, App. M. 6, p. 178, 4.
    2.
    vŏlo, āvi, ātum ( part. gen. plur. volantūm, Verg. A. 6, 728; Lucr. 2, 1083), 1, v. n. [Sanscr. val-, to turn one's self, etc.; cf.: vŏlucer, vēlox, and vol- in velivolus], to fly.
    I.
    Lit.: ex alto... laeva volavit avis, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 48, 107 (Ann. v. 95 Vahl.):

    aves,

    Lucr. 6, 742:

    accipitres,

    id. 4, 1010:

    corvi,

    id. 2, 822:

    altam supra volat ardea nubem,

    Verg. G. 1, 364:

    volat ille per aëra magnum Remigio alarum,

    id. A. 1, 300:

    columbae venere volantes,

    id. ib. 6, 191; Prop. 2, 30 (3, 28), 30; Juv. 8, 251:

    apes,

    Ov. A. A. 1, 96; cf. Plin. 10, 38, 54, § 112:

    volasse eum (Antonium), non iter fecisse diceres,

    Cic. Phil. 10, 5, 11.—Prov.:

    sine pennis volare haud facile est,

    Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 49.—
    2.
    P. a. as subst.: vŏlantes, ĭum, comm., the birds ( poet.), Lucr. 2, 1083; Verg. A. 6, 239; 6, 728.—
    II.
    Transf., to fly, i. e. to move swiftly like one flying, to fleet, speed, hasten along:

    i sane... vola curriculo,

    Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 17; cf.:

    per summa levis volat aequora curru,

    Verg. A. 5, 819:

    medios volat ecce per hostes Vectus equo spumante Saces,

    id. ib. 12, 650:

    illa (Argo) volat,

    Ov. H. 6, 66:

    currus,

    Verg. G. 3, 181:

    axis,

    id. ib. 3, 107:

    nubes,

    Lucr. 5, 254:

    fulmina,

    id. 2, 213:

    tempestates,

    id. 6, 612:

    telum,

    id. 1, 971; cf. Sall. J. 60, 2; Verg. A. 9, 698; Liv. 26, 44, 7 al.:

    litterae Capuam ad Pompeium volare dicebantur,

    Cic. Att. 2, 19, 3:

    volat aetas,

    id. Tusc. 1, 31, 76:

    hora,

    Sen. Hippol. 1141:

    fama,

    Verg. A. 3, 121:

    et semel emissum volat irrevocabile verbum,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 71.— Poet., with inf.:

    ast Erebi virgo ditem volat aethere Memphim Praecipere et Phariā venientem pellere terrā,

    Val. Fl. 4, 407.
    3.
    vŏlo, ōnis, m. [1. volo], a volunteer, first applied to the slaves who, after the battle at Cannæ, were enrolled upon their own expressed desire to serve (cf. Liv. 22, 57, 11; Val. Max. 7, 6, 1):

    volones dicti sunt milites, qui post Cannensem cladem usque ad octo milia, cum essent servi, voluntarie se ad militiam obtulere,

    Paul. Diac. p. 370:

    volones, quia sponte hoc voluerunt, appellati,

    Macr. S. 1, 11, 30:

    vetus miles tironi, liber voloni sese exaequari sineret,

    Liv. 23, 35, 6; 23, 32, 1; Capitol. Anton. Phil. 21, 6; Macr. S. 1, 11, 30.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > volo

  • 24 модульный центр обработки данных (ЦОД)

    1. modular data center

     

    модульный центр обработки данных (ЦОД)
    -
    [Интент]

    Параллельные тексты EN-RU

    [ http://loosebolts.wordpress.com/2008/12/02/our-vision-for-generation-4-modular-data-centers-one-way-of-getting-it-just-right/]

    [ http://dcnt.ru/?p=9299#more-9299]

    Data Centers are a hot topic these days. No matter where you look, this once obscure aspect of infrastructure is getting a lot of attention. For years, there have been cost pressures on IT operations and this, when the need for modern capacity is greater than ever, has thrust data centers into the spotlight. Server and rack density continues to rise, placing DC professionals and businesses in tighter and tougher situations while they struggle to manage their IT environments. And now hyper-scale cloud infrastructure is taking traditional technologies to limits never explored before and focusing the imagination of the IT industry on new possibilities.

    В настоящее время центры обработки данных являются широко обсуждаемой темой. Куда ни посмотришь, этот некогда малоизвестный аспект инфраструктуры привлекает все больше внимания. Годами ИТ-отделы испытывали нехватку средств и это выдвинуло ЦОДы в центр внимания, в то время, когда необходимость в современных ЦОДах стала как никогда высокой. Плотность серверов и стоек продолжают расти, все больше усложняя ситуацию для специалистов в области охлаждения и организаций в их попытках управлять своими ИТ-средами. И теперь гипермасштабируемая облачная инфраструктура подвергает традиционные технологии невиданным ранее нагрузкам, и заставляет ИТ-индустрию искать новые возможности.

    At Microsoft, we have focused a lot of thought and research around how to best operate and maintain our global infrastructure and we want to share those learnings. While obviously there are some aspects that we keep to ourselves, we have shared how we operate facilities daily, our technologies and methodologies, and, most importantly, how we monitor and manage our facilities. Whether it’s speaking at industry events, inviting customers to our “Microsoft data center conferences” held in our data centers, or through other media like blogging and white papers, we believe sharing best practices is paramount and will drive the industry forward. So in that vein, we have some interesting news to share.

    В компании MicroSoft уделяют большое внимание изучению наилучших методов эксплуатации и технического обслуживания своей глобальной инфраструктуры и делятся результатами своих исследований. И хотя мы, конечно, не раскрываем некоторые аспекты своих исследований, мы делимся повседневным опытом эксплуатации дата-центров, своими технологиями и методологиями и, что важнее всего, методами контроля и управления своими объектами. Будь то доклады на отраслевых событиях, приглашение клиентов на наши конференции, которые посвящены центрам обработки данных MicroSoft, и проводятся в этих самых дата-центрах, или использование других средств, например, блоги и спецификации, мы уверены, что обмен передовым опытом имеет первостепенное значение и будет продвигать отрасль вперед.

    Today we are sharing our Generation 4 Modular Data Center plan. This is our vision and will be the foundation of our cloud data center infrastructure in the next five years. We believe it is one of the most revolutionary changes to happen to data centers in the last 30 years. Joining me, in writing this blog are Daniel Costello, my director of Data Center Research and Engineering and Christian Belady, principal power and cooling architect. I feel their voices will add significant value to driving understanding around the many benefits included in this new design paradigm.

    Сейчас мы хотим поделиться своим планом модульного дата-центра четвертого поколения. Это наше видение и оно будет основанием для инфраструктуры наших облачных дата-центров в ближайшие пять лет. Мы считаем, что это одно из самых революционных изменений в дата-центрах за последние 30 лет. Вместе со мной в написании этого блога участвовали Дэниел Костелло, директор по исследованиям и инжинирингу дата-центров, и Кристиан Белади, главный архитектор систем энергоснабжения и охлаждения. Мне кажется, что их авторитет придаст больше веса большому количеству преимуществ, включенных в эту новую парадигму проектирования.

    Our “Gen 4” modular data centers will take the flexibility of containerized servers—like those in our Chicago data center—and apply it across the entire facility. So what do we mean by modular? Think of it like “building blocks”, where the data center will be composed of modular units of prefabricated mechanical, electrical, security components, etc., in addition to containerized servers.

    Was there a key driver for the Generation 4 Data Center?

    Наши модульные дата-центры “Gen 4” будут гибкими с контейнерами серверов – как серверы в нашем чикагском дата-центре. И гибкость будет применяться ко всему ЦОД. Итак, что мы подразумеваем под модульностью? Мы думаем о ней как о “строительных блоках”, где дата-центр будет состоять из модульных блоков изготовленных в заводских условиях электрических систем и систем охлаждения, а также систем безопасности и т.п., в дополнение к контейнеризованным серверам.
    Был ли ключевой стимул для разработки дата-центра четвертого поколения?


    If we were to summarize the promise of our Gen 4 design into a single sentence it would be something like this: “A highly modular, scalable, efficient, just-in-time data center capacity program that can be delivered anywhere in the world very quickly and cheaply, while allowing for continued growth as required.” Sounds too good to be true, doesn’t it? Well, keep in mind that these concepts have been in initial development and prototyping for over a year and are based on cumulative knowledge of previous facility generations and the advances we have made since we began our investments in earnest on this new design.

    Если бы нам нужно было обобщить достоинства нашего проекта Gen 4 в одном предложении, это выглядело бы следующим образом: “Центр обработки данных с высоким уровнем модульности, расширяемости, и энергетической эффективности, а также возможностью постоянного расширения, в случае необходимости, который можно очень быстро и дешево развертывать в любом месте мира”. Звучит слишком хорошо для того чтобы быть правдой, не так ли? Ну, не забывайте, что эти концепции находились в процессе начальной разработки и создания опытного образца в течение более одного года и основываются на опыте, накопленном в ходе развития предыдущих поколений ЦОД, а также успехах, сделанных нами со времени, когда мы начали вкладывать серьезные средства в этот новый проект.

    One of the biggest challenges we’ve had at Microsoft is something Mike likes to call the ‘Goldilock’s Problem’. In a nutshell, the problem can be stated as:

    The worst thing we can do in delivering facilities for the business is not have enough capacity online, thus limiting the growth of our products and services.

    Одну из самых больших проблем, с которыми приходилось сталкиваться Майкрософт, Майк любит называть ‘Проблемой Лютика’. Вкратце, эту проблему можно выразить следующим образом:

    Самое худшее, что может быть при строительстве ЦОД для бизнеса, это не располагать достаточными производственными мощностями, и тем самым ограничивать рост наших продуктов и сервисов.

    The second worst thing we can do in delivering facilities for the business is to have too much capacity online.

    А вторым самым худшим моментом в этой сфере может слишком большое количество производственных мощностей.

    This has led to a focus on smart, intelligent growth for the business — refining our overall demand picture. It can’t be too hot. It can’t be too cold. It has to be ‘Just Right!’ The capital dollars of investment are too large to make without long term planning. As we struggled to master these interesting challenges, we had to ensure that our technological plan also included solutions for the business and operational challenges we faced as well.
    So let’s take a high level look at our Generation 4 design

    Это заставило нас сосредоточиваться на интеллектуальном росте для бизнеса — refining our overall demand picture. Это не должно быть слишком горячим. И это не должно быть слишком холодным. Это должно быть ‘как раз, таким как надо!’ Нельзя делать такие большие капиталовложения без долгосрочного планирования. Пока мы старались решить эти интересные проблемы, мы должны были гарантировать, что наш технологический план будет также включать решения для коммерческих и эксплуатационных проблем, с которыми нам также приходилось сталкиваться.
    Давайте рассмотрим наш проект дата-центра четвертого поколения

    Are you ready for some great visuals? Check out this video at Soapbox. Click here for the Microsoft 4th Gen Video.

    It’s a concept video that came out of my Data Center Research and Engineering team, under Daniel Costello, that will give you a view into what we think is the future.

    From a configuration, construct-ability and time to market perspective, our primary goals and objectives are to modularize the whole data center. Not just the server side (like the Chicago facility), but the mechanical and electrical space as well. This means using the same kind of parts in pre-manufactured modules, the ability to use containers, skids, or rack-based deployments and the ability to tailor the Redundancy and Reliability requirements to the application at a very specific level.


    Посмотрите это видео, перейдите по ссылке для просмотра видео о Microsoft 4th Gen:

    Это концептуальное видео, созданное командой отдела Data Center Research and Engineering, возглавляемого Дэниелом Костелло, которое даст вам наше представление о будущем.

    С точки зрения конфигурации, строительной технологичности и времени вывода на рынок, нашими главными целями и задачами агрегатирование всего дата-центра. Не только серверную часть, как дата-центр в Чикаго, но также системы охлаждения и электрические системы. Это означает применение деталей одного типа в сборных модулях, возможность использования контейнеров, салазок, или стоечных систем, а также возможность подстраивать требования избыточности и надежности для данного приложения на очень специфичном уровне.

    Our goals from a cost perspective were simple in concept but tough to deliver. First and foremost, we had to reduce the capital cost per critical Mega Watt by the class of use. Some applications can run with N-level redundancy in the infrastructure, others require a little more infrastructure for support. These different classes of infrastructure requirements meant that optimizing for all cost classes was paramount. At Microsoft, we are not a one trick pony and have many Online products and services (240+) that require different levels of operational support. We understand that and ensured that we addressed it in our design which will allow us to reduce capital costs by 20%-40% or greater depending upon class.


    Нашими целями в области затрат были концептуально простыми, но трудно реализуемыми. В первую очередь мы должны были снизить капитальные затраты в пересчете на один мегаватт, в зависимости от класса резервирования. Некоторые приложения могут вполне работать на базе инфраструктуры с резервированием на уровне N, то есть без резервирования, а для работы других приложений требуется больше инфраструктуры. Эти разные классы требований инфраструктуры подразумевали, что оптимизация всех классов затрат имеет преобладающее значение. В Майкрософт мы не ограничиваемся одним решением и располагаем большим количеством интерактивных продуктов и сервисов (240+), которым требуются разные уровни эксплуатационной поддержки. Мы понимаем это, и учитываем это в своем проекте, который позволит нам сокращать капитальные затраты на 20%-40% или более в зависимости от класса.

    For example, non-critical or geo redundant applications have low hardware reliability requirements on a location basis. As a result, Gen 4 can be configured to provide stripped down, low-cost infrastructure with little or no redundancy and/or temperature control. Let’s say an Online service team decides that due to the dramatically lower cost, they will simply use uncontrolled outside air with temperatures ranging 10-35 C and 20-80% RH. The reality is we are already spec-ing this for all of our servers today and working with server vendors to broaden that range even further as Gen 4 becomes a reality. For this class of infrastructure, we eliminate generators, chillers, UPSs, and possibly lower costs relative to traditional infrastructure.

    Например, некритичные или гео-избыточные системы имеют низкие требования к аппаратной надежности на основе местоположения. В результате этого, Gen 4 можно конфигурировать для упрощенной, недорогой инфраструктуры с низким уровнем (или вообще без резервирования) резервирования и / или температурного контроля. Скажем, команда интерактивного сервиса решает, что, в связи с намного меньшими затратами, они будут просто использовать некондиционированный наружный воздух с температурой 10-35°C и влажностью 20-80% RH. В реальности мы уже сегодня предъявляем эти требования к своим серверам и работаем с поставщиками серверов над еще большим расширением диапазона температур, так как наш модуль и подход Gen 4 становится реальностью. Для подобного класса инфраструктуры мы удаляем генераторы, чиллеры, ИБП, и, возможно, будем предлагать более низкие затраты, по сравнению с традиционной инфраструктурой.

    Applications that demand higher level of redundancy or temperature control will use configurations of Gen 4 to meet those needs, however, they will also cost more (but still less than traditional data centers). We see this cost difference driving engineering behavioral change in that we predict more applications will drive towards Geo redundancy to lower costs.

    Системы, которым требуется более высокий уровень резервирования или температурного контроля, будут использовать конфигурации Gen 4, отвечающие этим требованиям, однако, они будут также стоить больше. Но все равно они будут стоить меньше, чем традиционные дата-центры. Мы предвидим, что эти различия в затратах будут вызывать изменения в методах инжиниринга, и по нашим прогнозам, это будет выражаться в переходе все большего числа систем на гео-избыточность и меньшие затраты.

    Another cool thing about Gen 4 is that it allows us to deploy capacity when our demand dictates it. Once finalized, we will no longer need to make large upfront investments. Imagine driving capital costs more closely in-line with actual demand, thus greatly reducing time-to-market and adding the capacity Online inherent in the design. Also reduced is the amount of construction labor required to put these “building blocks” together. Since the entire platform requires pre-manufacture of its core components, on-site construction costs are lowered. This allows us to maximize our return on invested capital.

    Еще одно достоинство Gen 4 состоит в том, что он позволяет нам разворачивать дополнительные мощности, когда нам это необходимо. Как только мы закончим проект, нам больше не нужно будет делать большие начальные капиталовложения. Представьте себе возможность более точного согласования капитальных затрат с реальными требованиями, и тем самым значительного снижения времени вывода на рынок и интерактивного добавления мощностей, предусматриваемого проектом. Также снижен объем строительных работ, требуемых для сборки этих “строительных блоков”. Поскольку вся платформа требует предварительного изготовления ее базовых компонентов, затраты на сборку также снижены. Это позволит нам увеличить до максимума окупаемость своих капиталовложений.
    Мы все подвергаем сомнению

    In our design process, we questioned everything. You may notice there is no roof and some might be uncomfortable with this. We explored the need of one and throughout our research we got some surprising (positive) results that showed one wasn’t needed.

    В своем процессе проектирования мы все подвергаем сомнению. Вы, наверное, обратили внимание на отсутствие крыши, и некоторым специалистам это могло не понравиться. Мы изучили необходимость в крыше и в ходе своих исследований получили удивительные результаты, которые показали, что крыша не нужна.
    Серийное производство дата центров


    In short, we are striving to bring Henry Ford’s Model T factory to the data center. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Ford#Model_T. Gen 4 will move data centers from a custom design and build model to a commoditized manufacturing approach. We intend to have our components built in factories and then assemble them in one location (the data center site) very quickly. Think about how a computer, car or plane is built today. Components are manufactured by different companies all over the world to a predefined spec and then integrated in one location based on demands and feature requirements. And just like Henry Ford’s assembly line drove the cost of building and the time-to-market down dramatically for the automobile industry, we expect Gen 4 to do the same for data centers. Everything will be pre-manufactured and assembled on the pad.

    Мы хотим применить модель автомобильной фабрики Генри Форда к дата-центру. Проект Gen 4 будет способствовать переходу от модели специализированного проектирования и строительства к товарно-производственному, серийному подходу. Мы намерены изготавливать свои компоненты на заводах, а затем очень быстро собирать их в одном месте, в месте строительства дата-центра. Подумайте о том, как сегодня изготавливается компьютер, автомобиль или самолет. Компоненты изготавливаются по заранее определенным спецификациям разными компаниями во всем мире, затем собираются в одном месте на основе спроса и требуемых характеристик. И точно так же как сборочный конвейер Генри Форда привел к значительному уменьшению затрат на производство и времени вывода на рынок в автомобильной промышленности, мы надеемся, что Gen 4 сделает то же самое для дата-центров. Все будет предварительно изготавливаться и собираться на месте.
    Невероятно энергоэффективный ЦОД


    And did we mention that this platform will be, overall, incredibly energy efficient? From a total energy perspective not only will we have remarkable PUE values, but the total cost of energy going into the facility will be greatly reduced as well. How much energy goes into making concrete? Will we need as much of it? How much energy goes into the fuel of the construction vehicles? This will also be greatly reduced! A key driver is our goal to achieve an average PUE at or below 1.125 by 2012 across our data centers. More than that, we are on a mission to reduce the overall amount of copper and water used in these facilities. We believe these will be the next areas of industry attention when and if the energy problem is solved. So we are asking today…“how can we build a data center with less building”?

    А мы упоминали, что эта платформа будет, в общем, невероятно энергоэффективной? С точки зрения общей энергии, мы получим не только поразительные значения PUE, но общая стоимость энергии, затраченной на объект будет также значительно снижена. Сколько энергии идет на производство бетона? Нам нужно будет столько энергии? Сколько энергии идет на питание инженерных строительных машин? Это тоже будет значительно снижено! Главным стимулом является достижение среднего PUE не больше 1.125 для всех наших дата-центров к 2012 году. Более того, у нас есть задача сокращения общего количества меди и воды в дата-центрах. Мы думаем, что эти задачи станут следующей заботой отрасли после того как будет решена энергетическая проблема. Итак, сегодня мы спрашиваем себя…“как можно построить дата-центр с меньшим объемом строительных работ”?
    Строительство дата центров без чиллеров

    We have talked openly and publicly about building chiller-less data centers and running our facilities using aggressive outside economization. Our sincerest hope is that Gen 4 will completely eliminate the use of water. Today’s data centers use massive amounts of water and we see water as the next scarce resource and have decided to take a proactive stance on making water conservation part of our plan.

    Мы открыто и публично говорили о строительстве дата-центров без чиллеров и активном использовании в наших центрах обработки данных технологий свободного охлаждения или фрикулинга. Мы искренне надеемся, что Gen 4 позволит полностью отказаться от использования воды. Современные дата-центры расходуют большие объемы воды и так как мы считаем воду следующим редким ресурсом, мы решили принять упреждающие меры и включить экономию воды в свой план.

    By sharing this with the industry, we believe everyone can benefit from our methodology. While this concept and approach may be intimidating (or downright frightening) to some in the industry, disclosure ultimately is better for all of us.

    Делясь этим опытом с отраслью, мы считаем, что каждый сможет извлечь выгоду из нашей методологией. Хотя эта концепция и подход могут показаться пугающими (или откровенно страшными) для некоторых отраслевых специалистов, раскрывая свои планы мы, в конечном счете, делаем лучше для всех нас.

    Gen 4 design (even more than just containers), could reduce the ‘religious’ debates in our industry. With the central spine infrastructure in place, containers or pre-manufactured server halls can be either AC or DC, air-side economized or water-side economized, or not economized at all (though the sanity of that might be questioned). Gen 4 will allow us to decommission, repair and upgrade quickly because everything is modular. No longer will we be governed by the initial decisions made when constructing the facility. We will have almost unlimited use and re-use of the facility and site. We will also be able to use power in an ultra-fluid fashion moving load from critical to non-critical as use and capacity requirements dictate.

    Проект Gen 4 позволит уменьшить ‘религиозные’ споры в нашей отрасли. Располагая базовой инфраструктурой, контейнеры или сборные серверные могут оборудоваться системами переменного или постоянного тока, воздушными или водяными экономайзерами, или вообще не использовать экономайзеры. Хотя можно подвергать сомнению разумность такого решения. Gen 4 позволит нам быстро выполнять работы по выводу из эксплуатации, ремонту и модернизации, поскольку все будет модульным. Мы больше не будем руководствоваться начальными решениями, принятыми во время строительства дата-центра. Мы сможем использовать этот дата-центр и инфраструктуру в течение почти неограниченного периода времени. Мы также сможем применять сверхгибкие методы использования электрической энергии, переводя оборудование в режимы критической или некритической нагрузки в соответствии с требуемой мощностью.
    Gen 4 – это стандартная платформа

    Finally, we believe this is a big game changer. Gen 4 will provide a standard platform that our industry can innovate around. For example, all modules in our Gen 4 will have common interfaces clearly defined by our specs and any vendor that meets these specifications will be able to plug into our infrastructure. Whether you are a computer vendor, UPS vendor, generator vendor, etc., you will be able to plug and play into our infrastructure. This means we can also source anyone, anywhere on the globe to minimize costs and maximize performance. We want to help motivate the industry to further innovate—with innovations from which everyone can reap the benefits.

    Наконец, мы уверены, что это будет фактором, который значительно изменит ситуацию. Gen 4 будет представлять собой стандартную платформу, которую отрасль сможет обновлять. Например, все модули в нашем Gen 4 будут иметь общепринятые интерфейсы, четко определяемые нашими спецификациями, и оборудование любого поставщика, которое отвечает этим спецификациям можно будет включать в нашу инфраструктуру. Независимо от того производите вы компьютеры, ИБП, генераторы и т.п., вы сможете включать свое оборудование нашу инфраструктуру. Это означает, что мы также сможем обеспечивать всех, в любом месте земного шара, тем самым сводя до минимума затраты и максимальной увеличивая производительность. Мы хотим создать в отрасли мотивацию для дальнейших инноваций – инноваций, от которых каждый сможет получать выгоду.
    Главные характеристики дата-центров четвертого поколения Gen4

    To summarize, the key characteristics of our Generation 4 data centers are:

    Scalable
    Plug-and-play spine infrastructure
    Factory pre-assembled: Pre-Assembled Containers (PACs) & Pre-Manufactured Buildings (PMBs)
    Rapid deployment
    De-mountable
    Reduce TTM
    Reduced construction
    Sustainable measures

    Ниже приведены главные характеристики дата-центров четвертого поколения Gen 4:

    Расширяемость;
    Готовая к использованию базовая инфраструктура;
    Изготовление в заводских условиях: сборные контейнеры (PAC) и сборные здания (PMB);
    Быстрота развертывания;
    Возможность демонтажа;
    Снижение времени вывода на рынок (TTM);
    Сокращение сроков строительства;
    Экологичность;

    Map applications to DC Class

    We hope you join us on this incredible journey of change and innovation!

    Long hours of research and engineering time are invested into this process. There are still some long days and nights ahead, but the vision is clear. Rest assured however, that we as refine Generation 4, the team will soon be looking to Generation 5 (even if it is a bit farther out). There is always room to get better.


    Использование систем электропитания постоянного тока.

    Мы надеемся, что вы присоединитесь к нам в этом невероятном путешествии по миру изменений и инноваций!

    На этот проект уже потрачены долгие часы исследований и проектирования. И еще предстоит потратить много дней и ночей, но мы имеем четкое представление о конечной цели. Однако будьте уверены, что как только мы доведем до конца проект модульного дата-центра четвертого поколения, мы вскоре начнем думать о проекте дата-центра пятого поколения. Всегда есть возможность для улучшений.

    So if you happen to come across Goldilocks in the forest, and you are curious as to why she is smiling you will know that she feels very good about getting very close to ‘JUST RIGHT’.

    Generations of Evolution – some background on our data center designs

    Так что, если вы встретите в лесу девочку по имени Лютик, и вам станет любопытно, почему она улыбается, вы будете знать, что она очень довольна тем, что очень близко подошла к ‘ОПИМАЛЬНОМУ РЕШЕНИЮ’.
    Поколения эволюции – история развития наших дата-центров

    We thought you might be interested in understanding what happened in the first three generations of our data center designs. When Ray Ozzie wrote his Software plus Services memo it posed a very interesting challenge to us. The winds of change were at ‘tornado’ proportions. That “plus Services” tag had some significant (and unstated) challenges inherent to it. The first was that Microsoft was going to evolve even further into an operations company. While we had been running large scale Internet services since 1995, this development lead us to an entirely new level. Additionally, these “services” would span across both Internet and Enterprise businesses. To those of you who have to operate “stuff”, you know that these are two very different worlds in operational models and challenges. It also meant that, to achieve the same level of reliability and performance required our infrastructure was going to have to scale globally and in a significant way.

    Мы подумали, что может быть вам будет интересно узнать историю первых трех поколений наших центров обработки данных. Когда Рэй Оззи написал свою памятную записку Software plus Services, он поставил перед нами очень интересную задачу. Ветра перемен двигались с ураганной скоростью. Это окончание “plus Services” скрывало в себе какие-то значительные и неопределенные задачи. Первая заключалась в том, что Майкрософт собиралась в еще большей степени стать операционной компанией. Несмотря на то, что мы управляли большими интернет-сервисами, начиная с 1995 г., эта разработка подняла нас на абсолютно новый уровень. Кроме того, эти “сервисы” охватывали интернет-компании и корпорации. Тем, кому приходится всем этим управлять, известно, что есть два очень разных мира в области операционных моделей и задач. Это также означало, что для достижения такого же уровня надежности и производительности требовалось, чтобы наша инфраструктура располагала значительными возможностями расширения в глобальных масштабах.

    It was that intense atmosphere of change that we first started re-evaluating data center technology and processes in general and our ideas began to reach farther than what was accepted by the industry at large. This was the era of Generation 1. As we look at where most of the world’s data centers are today (and where our facilities were), it represented all the known learning and design requirements that had been in place since IBM built the first purpose-built computer room. These facilities focused more around uptime, reliability and redundancy. Big infrastructure was held accountable to solve all potential environmental shortfalls. This is where the majority of infrastructure in the industry still is today.

    Именно в этой атмосфере серьезных изменений мы впервые начали переоценку ЦОД-технологий и технологий вообще, и наши идеи начали выходить за пределы общепринятых в отрасли представлений. Это была эпоха ЦОД первого поколения. Когда мы узнали, где сегодня располагается большинство мировых дата-центров и где находятся наши предприятия, это представляло весь опыт и навыки проектирования, накопленные со времени, когда IBM построила первую серверную. В этих ЦОД больше внимания уделялось бесперебойной работе, надежности и резервированию. Большая инфраструктура была призвана решать все потенциальные экологические проблемы. Сегодня большая часть инфраструктуры все еще находится на этом этапе своего развития.

    We soon realized that traditional data centers were quickly becoming outdated. They were not keeping up with the demands of what was happening technologically and environmentally. That’s when we kicked off our Generation 2 design. Gen 2 facilities started taking into account sustainability, energy efficiency, and really looking at the total cost of energy and operations.

    Очень быстро мы поняли, что стандартные дата-центры очень быстро становятся устаревшими. Они не поспевали за темпами изменений технологических и экологических требований. Именно тогда мы стали разрабатывать ЦОД второго поколения. В этих дата-центрах Gen 2 стали принимать во внимание такие факторы как устойчивое развитие, энергетическая эффективность, а также общие энергетические и эксплуатационные.

    No longer did we view data centers just for the upfront capital costs, but we took a hard look at the facility over the course of its life. Our Quincy, Washington and San Antonio, Texas facilities are examples of our Gen 2 data centers where we explored and implemented new ways to lessen the impact on the environment. These facilities are considered two leading industry examples, based on their energy efficiency and ability to run and operate at new levels of scale and performance by leveraging clean hydro power (Quincy) and recycled waste water (San Antonio) to cool the facility during peak cooling months.

    Мы больше не рассматривали дата-центры только с точки зрения начальных капитальных затрат, а внимательно следили за работой ЦОД на протяжении его срока службы. Наши объекты в Куинси, Вашингтоне, и Сан-Антонио, Техас, являются образцами наших ЦОД второго поколения, в которых мы изучали и применяли на практике новые способы снижения воздействия на окружающую среду. Эти объекты считаются двумя ведущими отраслевыми примерами, исходя из их энергетической эффективности и способности работать на новых уровнях производительности, основанных на использовании чистой энергии воды (Куинси) и рециклирования отработанной воды (Сан-Антонио) для охлаждения объекта в самых жарких месяцах.

    As we were delivering our Gen 2 facilities into steel and concrete, our Generation 3 facilities were rapidly driving the evolution of the program. The key concepts for our Gen 3 design are increased modularity and greater concentration around energy efficiency and scale. The Gen 3 facility will be best represented by the Chicago, Illinois facility currently under construction. This facility will seem very foreign compared to the traditional data center concepts most of the industry is comfortable with. In fact, if you ever sit around in our container hanger in Chicago it will look incredibly different from a traditional raised-floor data center. We anticipate this modularization will drive huge efficiencies in terms of cost and operations for our business. We will also introduce significant changes in the environmental systems used to run our facilities. These concepts and processes (where applicable) will help us gain even greater efficiencies in our existing footprint, allowing us to further maximize infrastructure investments.

    Так как наши ЦОД второго поколения строились из стали и бетона, наши центры обработки данных третьего поколения начали их быстро вытеснять. Главными концептуальными особенностями ЦОД третьего поколения Gen 3 являются повышенная модульность и большее внимание к энергетической эффективности и масштабированию. Дата-центры третьего поколения лучше всего представлены объектом, который в настоящее время строится в Чикаго, Иллинойс. Этот ЦОД будет выглядеть очень необычно, по сравнению с общепринятыми в отрасли представлениями о дата-центре. Действительно, если вам когда-либо удастся побывать в нашем контейнерном ангаре в Чикаго, он покажется вам совершенно непохожим на обычный дата-центр с фальшполом. Мы предполагаем, что этот модульный подход будет способствовать значительному повышению эффективности нашего бизнеса в отношении затрат и операций. Мы также внесем существенные изменения в климатические системы, используемые в наших ЦОД. Эти концепции и технологии, если применимо, позволят нам добиться еще большей эффективности наших существующих дата-центров, и тем самым еще больше увеличивать капиталовложения в инфраструктуру.

    This is definitely a journey, not a destination industry. In fact, our Generation 4 design has been under heavy engineering for viability and cost for over a year. While the demand of our commercial growth required us to make investments as we grew, we treated each step in the learning as a process for further innovation in data centers. The design for our future Gen 4 facilities enabled us to make visionary advances that addressed the challenges of building, running, and operating facilities all in one concerted effort.

    Это определенно путешествие, а не конечный пункт назначения. На самом деле, наш проект ЦОД четвертого поколения подвергался серьезным испытаниям на жизнеспособность и затраты на протяжении целого года. Хотя необходимость в коммерческом росте требовала от нас постоянных капиталовложений, мы рассматривали каждый этап своего развития как шаг к будущим инновациям в области дата-центров. Проект наших будущих ЦОД четвертого поколения Gen 4 позволил нам делать фантастические предположения, которые касались задач строительства, управления и эксплуатации объектов как единого упорядоченного процесса.

    Тематики

    Синонимы

    EN

    Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > модульный центр обработки данных (ЦОД)

  • 25 Arbeitskräfte

    Arbeitskräfte fpl 1. GEN, IND workforce; 2. PERS, ADMIN human resources, workforce, workers, staff; 3. WIWI (AE) labor force, (BE) labour force, workers • Arbeitskräfte abbauen PERS reduce the workforce, reduce staff, shed labour • Arbeitskräfte abwerben PERS poach, (AE) hire away, (BE) entice away • Arbeitskräfte einstellen PERS recruit labour, recruit workers, hire workers, hire labour, take on workers, take on new workers, take on employees • Arbeitskräfte freisetzen PERS shed labour • Arbeitskräfte verdrängen PERS, WIWI displace workers, (BE) displace labour, (AE) displace labor • Arbeitskräfte verleihen PERS hire out workers • mit Arbeitskräften ausstatten PERS staff, man
    * * *
    fpl 1. <Geschäft, Ind> workforce; 2. <Person, Verwalt> human resources, workforce, staff; 3. <Vw> labor force (AE), labour force (BE) ■ Arbeitskräfte abbauen < Person> reduce the workforce, reduce staff, shed labour ■ Arbeitskräfte abwerben < Person> poach, hire away (AE), entice away (BE) ■ Arbeitskräfte einstellen < Person> recruit labour, recruit workers, hire workers, hire labour, take on workers, take on new workers, take on employees ■ Arbeitskräfte freisetzen < Person> shed labour ■ Arbeitskräfte verdrängen <Person, Vw> displace workers, displace labour (BE), displace labor (AE) ■ Arbeitskräfte verleihen < Person> hire out workers
    * * *
    Arbeitskräfte
    workmen, labo(u)r [force], [labo(u)ring] force, manpower, body of workers;
    • knapp an Arbeitskräften short of hands, shorthanded;
    • mit ungenügenden Arbeitskräften versehen underhanded;
    • angelernte Arbeitskräfte semi-skilled labo(u)r;
    • ausgebildete Arbeitskräfte skilled manpower;
    • ausländische Arbeitskräfte foreign labo(u)r;
    • für den Rohbau benötigte Arbeitskräfte infraconstruction workers;
    • am Streik nicht beteiligte Arbeitskräfte strike-free labo(u)r;
    • bezahlte Arbeitskräfte paid labo(u)r;
    • billige Arbeitskräfte cheap labo(u)r;
    • dienstverpflichtete Arbeitskräfte drafted (conscript) labo(u)r;
    • im Ausland einsatzfähige Arbeitskräfte exportable manpower;
    • familieneigene Arbeitskräfte family-employed workers;
    • farbige Arbeitskräfte colo(u)red labo(u)r;
    • fehlende Arbeitskräfte manpower shortage;
    • freigesetzte Arbeitskräfte workers released;
    • gelernte Arbeitskräfte skilled labo(u)r;
    • geschulte Arbeitskräfte qualified labo(u)r;
    • knappe Arbeitskräfte shortage of labo(u)r, manpower shortage;
    • kostbare Arbeitskräfte fringe executives;
    • landwirtschaftliche Arbeitskräfte peasant (farm) labo(u)r, rural manpower;
    • gewerkschaftlich organisierte Arbeitskräfte union labo(u)r;
    • gewerkschaftlich nicht organisierte Arbeitskräfte unorganized labo(u)r;
    • qualifizierte Arbeitskräfte skilled workers;
    • hoch qualifizierte Arbeitskräfte highly qualified workers;
    • höher qualifizierte Arbeitskräfte better-quality labo(u)r supply;
    • ständige Arbeitskräfte permanent labo(u)r;
    • im öffentlichen Bereich tätige Arbeitskräfte public-sector manpower;
    • nicht in der Landwirtschaft tätige Arbeitskräfte non-agricultural working force;
    • überschüssige Arbeitskräfte surplus manpower (labo(u)r);
    • am Streik unbeteiligte Arbeitskräfte strike-free labo(u)r;
    • ungelernte Arbeitskräfte untrained (Br.) (unskilled) labo(u)r, unskilled manpower;
    • unrentable Arbeitskräfte marginal labo(u)r;
    • verfügbare Arbeitskräfte supply of labo(u)r, labo(u)r supply, manpower available;
    • weibliche Arbeitskräfte female labo(u)r;
    • weiße Arbeitskräfte white labo(u)r;
    • zusätzliche Arbeitskräfte additional employees;
    • zwangsverpflichtete Arbeitskräfte conscript (indentured) labo(u)r;
    • Arbeitskräfte abbauen to reduce the labo(u)r force;
    • Arbeitskräfte von einem Konkurrenzbetrieb abwerben to raid rival organizations;
    • Arbeitskräfte abziehen to call off workers;
    • Arbeitskräfte ausbeuten to sweat labo(u)r;
    • seine Arbeitskräfte übermäßig ausnutzen to drive one’s workmen too hard;
    • Arbeitskräfte beaufsichtigen to direct the workmen;
    • Arbeitskräfte einsetzen to direct (deploy) labo(u)r;
    • ausländische Arbeitskräfte einsetzen to immigrate foreign labo(u)r;
    • Arbeitskräfte einsparen to save labo(u)r;
    • Arbeitskräfte einstellen to enrol(l) workers, to hire labor (US), to recruit manpower;
    • zuerst früher entlassene Arbeitskräfte wieder einstellen to first reinstate redundant workers;
    • zusätzliche Arbeitskräfte einstellen to take on extra workers;
    • unnötige Arbeitskräfte einstellen to featherbed;
    • zusätzliche Arbeitskräfte einstellen to take on extra workers;
    • effektiv nicht mehr benötigte Arbeitskräfte entlassen to clean out the deadwood;
    • menschliche Arbeitskräfte ersetzen to displace human labo(u)r by machinery;
    • Arbeitskräfte freisetzen to release surplus labo(u)r;
    • überschüssige Arbeitskräfte freisetzen to shed surplus labo(u)r;
    • Arbeitskräfte aus einem anderen Bezirk heranziehen to import labo(u)r from another district;
    • Arbeitskräfte in Anspruch nehmen to make a call on manpower;
    • Arbeitskräfte sparen to save labo(u)r;
    • Arbeitskräfte umdisponieren (umgruppieren) to redeploy the labo(u)r force;
    • Arbeitskräfte umsetzen to transfer employees, to dislocate workers;
    • über zu viel Arbeitskräfte verfügen to have a superfluity of hands;
    • über bedenklich wenig Arbeitskräfte verfügen to be critically short of labo(u)r;
    • Arbeitskräfte zum Berufswechsel verführen to lure labo(u)r into other jobs;
    • Arbeitskräfte direkt von der Universität wegengagieren to recruit labor on campus (US);
    • Arbeitskräfte zuweisen to allocate labo(u)r (manpower);
    • Arbeitskräfteabbau cutback on manpower, laying-off of workers, job cut[back], manpower reduction, cut of labor (US) (labour, Br.) forces;
    • Arbeitskräfteabwanderung migration of employees;
    • Arbeitskräfteabwerbung labor piracy (US);
    • Arbeitskräfteanalyse worker analysis;
    • Arbeitskräfteangebot labo(u)r supply;
    • Arbeitskräfteanwerber industry recruiter (US);
    • Arbeitskräfteanwerbung recruitment of labo(u)r;
    • Arbeitskräftebedarf demand for labo(u)r, manpower need, direct-labo(u)r budget, manpower (labo(u)r) requirements, labo(u)r demand;
    • Arbeitskräftebedarfsansatz manpower [forecasting] approach;
    • Arbeitskräftebeschaffungsstelle recruiting firm (US);
    • Arbeitskräfteeinsatz employment of labo(u)r, manpower planning (management);
    • Arbeitskräfteeinsatz lediglich im Zuliefererverhältnis labo(u)r-only subcontracting;
    • Arbeitskräfteeinsparung saving on manpower;
    • Arbeitskräfteengpass manpower bottleneck;
    • Arbeitskräfteersatz labo(u)r displacement;
    • Arbeitskräfteersparnis labo(u)r saver (saving);
    • Arbeitskräftefront manpower front;
    • Arbeitskräftemangel shortage (scarcity) of labo(u)r, manpower (labo(u)r) shortage;
    • Arbeitskräftematerial human resources;
    • Arbeitskräftemobilität spatial mobility of labo(u)r, labo(u)r mobility;
    • berufsbedingte Arbeitskräftemobilität occupational mobility of workers;
    • Arbeitskräfteplanung employment (manpower) scheduling;
    • Arbeitskräftepotenzial human resources, working potential, potential labo(u)r force;
    • Arbeitskräfte reserve, Arbeitskräftereservoir reserve of labo(u)r, manpower reserve, recruitment sources (US), total possible labo(u)r force;
    • Arbeitskräfterückgang worker decline;
    • Arbeitskräftestatistik labo(u)r force statistics;
    • Arbeitskräfte überfluss, Arbeitskräfteüberschuss excess labo(u)r supply, redundant labo(u)r, manpower surplus, abundance of labo(u)r supply;
    • Arbeitskräftevermittlung procurement of labo(u)r;
    • Arbeitskräfteverteilung diversion of manpower, allocation of labo(u)r (manpower);
    • Arbeitskräftevorschau labo(u)r outlook;
    • Arbeitskräftezuwachs entrants to the workforce.
    anwerben, Arbeitskräfte
    to enlist (recruit) labo(u)r;
    • sich anwerben lassen to sign on, to go for a soldier, to enlist.
    importieren, Arbeitskräfte
    aus anderen Bezirken to import labo(u)r from another district;
    • im Rahmen einer Lizenz importieren to import under a license.
    schinden, Arbeitskräfte
    to sweat (grind, exploit) workers;
    • Eintrittsgeld schinden to dodge (duck, US) paying the entrance fee.

    Business german-english dictionary > Arbeitskräfte

  • 26 beneficio

    m.
    1 benefit (bien).
    a beneficio de in aid of (gala, concierto)
    en beneficio de for the good of
    en beneficio de todos in everyone's interest
    en beneficio propio for one's own good
    Para su bien For his sake.
    2 profit (ganancia).
    beneficio bruto/neto gross/net profit
    pres.indicat.
    1st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: beneficiar.
    * * *
    1 (ganancia) profit
    2 (bien) benefit
    \
    en beneficio de for the good of, for the benefit of, in the interest of
    a beneficio de in aid of
    sacar beneficio de to profit from
    beneficio bruto gross profit
    beneficio neto clear profit
    * * *
    noun m.
    2) gain, profit
    * * *
    SM
    1) (=ventaja) benefit

    • a beneficio de algn — in aid of sb

    • en beneficio de algn, aprovechó las cualidades literarias de su mujer en beneficio propio — he exploited his wife's literary talent to his own advantage o for his own benefit

    en o por tu propio beneficio, es mejor que no vengas — for your own good o benefit o in your own interests, it's best if you don't come

    oficio 1)
    2) (Com, Econ) profit

    • obtener o tener beneficios — to make a profit

    obtuvieron 1.500 millones de beneficio el año pasado — they made a profit of 1,500 million last year

    beneficio de explotación — operating profit, trading profit

    beneficio líquido — [en un balance] net profit; [en una transacción] net profit, clear profit

    beneficio neto — = beneficio líquido

    beneficio operativo — operating profit, trading profit

    beneficios antes de impuestos — pre-tax profits, profits before tax

    beneficios postimpositivos — after-tax profits, profits after tax

    margen 1., 4)
    3) (=función benéfica) benefit (performance)
    4) (=donación) donation
    5) (Rel) living, benefice
    6) (Min) [de mina] exploitation, working; [de mineral] (=extracción) extraction; (=tratamiento) processing, treatment
    7) LAm (=descuartizamiento) butchering; (=matanza) slaughter
    8) CAm [de café] coffee processing plant
    * * *
    1)
    a) (Com, Fin) profit

    producir or reportar beneficios — to yeild o bring returns o profits

    b) (ventaja, bien) benefit
    2)
    a) (AmL) ( de animal) dressing
    b) (AmC) (Agr) coffee processing plant
    c) (Chi) ( de mineral) extraction
    * * *
    = benefit, gain, profit, plus [pluses, -pl.], dividend, payback, payoff [pay-off], perk, mileage.
    Ex. The examples that follow will give you a glimpse of the important features and benefits of the SCI CD Edition.
    Ex. This is likely to lead to shorter and less complex profiles for searches, and the gains will be most obvious in a natural language system.
    Ex. As the quantity increased the printer's capital investment, which was always alarmingly high, rose with it, and his profit as a percentage of investment fell.
    Ex. Whether these differences are pluses or minuses depends very much on a library's needs and expectations.
    Ex. The article has the title ' Dividends: the value of public libraries in Canada'.
    Ex. In the 1980s the illegal reproduction and distribution of information was a tedious process that generally produced poor payback.
    Ex. Although setting up a security policy may demand considerable upheaval, it has significant payoff in safety and efficiency.
    Ex. At almost every conference I've spoken at one of the perks is free conference registration.
    Ex. Reports produced by government-sponsored projects may not be widely distributed until the government has had good mileage from them = Los informes obtenidos de los proyectos patrocinados por el gobierno puede que no se distribuyan de forma general hasta que el gobierno les haya sacado un buen provecho.
    ----
    * análisis de costes-beneficios = cost-benefit analysis.
    * análisis de costos-beneficios = cost-benefit analysis.
    * aportar beneficios = lead to + benefits, bring + benefits.
    * beneficio añadido = added benefit.
    * beneficio de bolsa = share dividend.
    * beneficio directo = direct benefit.
    * beneficio económico = economic benefit, financial benefit, economic return.
    * beneficio extra = bonus [bonuses, -pl.].
    * beneficio fiscal = tax benefit, fiscal benefit.
    * beneficio indirecto = spin-off, indirect benefit, spinoff benefit, spillover benefit.
    * beneficio marginal = marginal benefit.
    * beneficio material = material benefit.
    * beneficio mutuo = mutual benefit.
    * beneficio neto = net trading profit, net profit, net gain, net benefit.
    * beneficio para la salud = health benefit.
    * beneficio personal = personal gain.
    * beneficio positivo = positive return.
    * beneficio público = public interest.
    * beneficio recíproco = mutual benefit.
    * beneficios = return.
    * beneficios acumulados = accruing benefits.
    * beneficios brutos = gross benefits.
    * beneficios complementarios = fringe benefits.
    * beneficios de la inversión = return on investment (ROI).
    * beneficios del cargo, los = spoils of office, the.
    * beneficios en metálico = cash benefit.
    * beneficios en relación con la inversión = return on investment (ROI).
    * beneficios netos = net income.
    * beneficio social = societal benefit, social return, social benefit.
    * concierto a beneficio = benefit concert.
    * conseguir beneficio = accrue + benefit.
    * costes y beneficios = costs and benefits.
    * costos y beneficios = costs and benefits.
    * dar a Alguien el beneficio de la duda = give + Nombre + the benefit of the doubt.
    * de mucho beneficio = high-payoff.
    * el beneficio de la duda = the benefit of the doubt.
    * en beneficio de = for the benefit of, to the benefit of.
    * en beneficio propio = to + Posesivo + advantage.
    * en + Posesivo + propio beneficio = to + Posesivo + advantage.
    * escaparse de los beneficios de Internet = fall through + the net.
    * explotar beneficios = exploit + benefits.
    * margen de beneficio = markup rate, markup [mark-up], profit margin.
    * muchos beneficios = high return.
    * obtener beneficios = gain + benefit, make + a profit, realise + benefits, derive + benefit, reap + rewards, reap + benefits, reap + returns, make + profit.
    * obtener el máximo beneficio = reap + full potential.
    * para beneficio de = for the good of.
    * para el beneficio de = for the benefit of.
    * precio de coste más margen de beneficios = cost-plus pricing.
    * producir beneficios = reap + dividends, render + returns, achieve + returns, pay + dividends, return + dividends.
    * que busca el beneficio propio = self-serving.
    * reducir los beneficios = cut + profit.
    * relación costes-beneficios = cost-benefit ratio.
    * relación costos-beneficios = cost-benefit ratio.
    * relativo a la relación costes-beneficios = cost-benefit.
    * relativo a la relación costos-beneficios = cost-benefit.
    * reportar beneficio = provide + benefit.
    * reportar beneficios = have + benefits, bring + benefits.
    * riesgos-beneficios = risk-return.
    * ser de gran beneficio para = be of great benefit to.
    * ser un beneficio inesperado para = be a boon to.
    * tener beneficios = have + benefits.
    * * *
    1)
    a) (Com, Fin) profit

    producir or reportar beneficios — to yeild o bring returns o profits

    b) (ventaja, bien) benefit
    2)
    a) (AmL) ( de animal) dressing
    b) (AmC) (Agr) coffee processing plant
    c) (Chi) ( de mineral) extraction
    * * *
    = benefit, gain, profit, plus [pluses, -pl.], dividend, payback, payoff [pay-off], perk, mileage.

    Ex: The examples that follow will give you a glimpse of the important features and benefits of the SCI CD Edition.

    Ex: This is likely to lead to shorter and less complex profiles for searches, and the gains will be most obvious in a natural language system.
    Ex: As the quantity increased the printer's capital investment, which was always alarmingly high, rose with it, and his profit as a percentage of investment fell.
    Ex: Whether these differences are pluses or minuses depends very much on a library's needs and expectations.
    Ex: The article has the title ' Dividends: the value of public libraries in Canada'.
    Ex: In the 1980s the illegal reproduction and distribution of information was a tedious process that generally produced poor payback.
    Ex: Although setting up a security policy may demand considerable upheaval, it has significant payoff in safety and efficiency.
    Ex: At almost every conference I've spoken at one of the perks is free conference registration.
    Ex: Reports produced by government-sponsored projects may not be widely distributed until the government has had good mileage from them = Los informes obtenidos de los proyectos patrocinados por el gobierno puede que no se distribuyan de forma general hasta que el gobierno les haya sacado un buen provecho.
    * análisis de costes-beneficios = cost-benefit analysis.
    * análisis de costos-beneficios = cost-benefit analysis.
    * aportar beneficios = lead to + benefits, bring + benefits.
    * beneficio añadido = added benefit.
    * beneficio de bolsa = share dividend.
    * beneficio directo = direct benefit.
    * beneficio económico = economic benefit, financial benefit, economic return.
    * beneficio extra = bonus [bonuses, -pl.].
    * beneficio fiscal = tax benefit, fiscal benefit.
    * beneficio indirecto = spin-off, indirect benefit, spinoff benefit, spillover benefit.
    * beneficio marginal = marginal benefit.
    * beneficio material = material benefit.
    * beneficio mutuo = mutual benefit.
    * beneficio neto = net trading profit, net profit, net gain, net benefit.
    * beneficio para la salud = health benefit.
    * beneficio personal = personal gain.
    * beneficio positivo = positive return.
    * beneficio público = public interest.
    * beneficio recíproco = mutual benefit.
    * beneficios = return.
    * beneficios acumulados = accruing benefits.
    * beneficios brutos = gross benefits.
    * beneficios complementarios = fringe benefits.
    * beneficios de la inversión = return on investment (ROI).
    * beneficios del cargo, los = spoils of office, the.
    * beneficios en metálico = cash benefit.
    * beneficios en relación con la inversión = return on investment (ROI).
    * beneficios netos = net income.
    * beneficio social = societal benefit, social return, social benefit.
    * concierto a beneficio = benefit concert.
    * conseguir beneficio = accrue + benefit.
    * costes y beneficios = costs and benefits.
    * costos y beneficios = costs and benefits.
    * dar a Alguien el beneficio de la duda = give + Nombre + the benefit of the doubt.
    * de mucho beneficio = high-payoff.
    * el beneficio de la duda = the benefit of the doubt.
    * en beneficio de = for the benefit of, to the benefit of.
    * en beneficio propio = to + Posesivo + advantage.
    * en + Posesivo + propio beneficio = to + Posesivo + advantage.
    * escaparse de los beneficios de Internet = fall through + the net.
    * explotar beneficios = exploit + benefits.
    * margen de beneficio = markup rate, markup [mark-up], profit margin.
    * muchos beneficios = high return.
    * obtener beneficios = gain + benefit, make + a profit, realise + benefits, derive + benefit, reap + rewards, reap + benefits, reap + returns, make + profit.
    * obtener el máximo beneficio = reap + full potential.
    * para beneficio de = for the good of.
    * para el beneficio de = for the benefit of.
    * precio de coste más margen de beneficios = cost-plus pricing.
    * producir beneficios = reap + dividends, render + returns, achieve + returns, pay + dividends, return + dividends.
    * que busca el beneficio propio = self-serving.
    * reducir los beneficios = cut + profit.
    * relación costes-beneficios = cost-benefit ratio.
    * relación costos-beneficios = cost-benefit ratio.
    * relativo a la relación costes-beneficios = cost-benefit.
    * relativo a la relación costos-beneficios = cost-benefit.
    * reportar beneficio = provide + benefit.
    * reportar beneficios = have + benefits, bring + benefits.
    * riesgos-beneficios = risk-return.
    * ser de gran beneficio para = be of great benefit to.
    * ser un beneficio inesperado para = be a boon to.
    * tener beneficios = have + benefits.

    * * *
    A
    1 ( Com, Fin) profit
    este negocio produce grandes beneficios this business yields large profits
    una inversión que reportó importantes beneficios an investment that brought significant returns o profits
    margen de beneficio(s) profit margin
    2 (ventaja, bien) benefit
    no va a sacar gran beneficio del asunto he's not going to benefit much from this affair
    una colecta a beneficio de las víctimas a collection in aid of the victims
    en beneficio de todos in the interests of everyone
    todo lo hace en beneficio propio everything he does is for his own gain o advantage
    tales mejoras redundarán en beneficio del público these improvements will benefit the public o will be in the public interest
    3 (función benéfica) charity performance
    Compuestos:
    gross profit
    entitlement to legal aid
    fringe benefit
    net profit
    net profit
    earnings per share (pl)
    fringe benefit
    B ( AmL) (de un animal) dressing
    C ( Chi) (de un mineral) extraction
    D ( AmC) ( Agr) coffee processing plant
    * * *

     

    Del verbo beneficiar: ( conjugate beneficiar)

    beneficio es:

    1ª persona singular (yo) presente indicativo

    benefició es:

    3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) pretérito indicativo

    Multiple Entries:
    beneficiar    
    beneficio
    beneficiar ( conjugate beneficiar) verbo transitivo ( favorecer) to benefit, to be of benefit to;

    salir beneficiado con algo to be better off with sth
    beneficiarse verbo pronominal
    to benefit;
    beneficiose con/de algo to benefit from sth
    beneficio sustantivo masculino
    a) (Com, Fin) profit;

    producir or reportar beneficios to yield o bring returns o profits
    b) (ventaja, bien) benefit;


    en beneficio de todos in the interests of everyone
    beneficiar verbo transitivo to benefit
    beneficio sustantivo masculino
    1 Com Fin profit
    2 (provecho, ventaja) benefit
    en beneficio de todos, in everyone's benefit
    3 (ayuda) a beneficio de, in aid of: un partido de fútbol a beneficio de los huérfanos, a football match in aid of orphans
    Profit o profits se refieren únicamente al beneficio económico.
    Benefit hace referencia a otro tipo de beneficios y también a ciertas subvenciones de la Seguridad Social.
    ' beneficio' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    bota
    - dar
    - inventario
    - menoscabar
    - partida
    - partido
    - provecho
    - redundar
    - revertir
    - sacar
    - bien
    - bonificación
    - disfrutar
    - margen
    - mayor
    - mutuo
    - propio
    - renta
    - utilidad
    - ventaja
    English:
    aid
    - benefit
    - blessing
    - cancel out
    - clear
    - gain
    - good
    - interest
    - mark-up
    - perk
    - profit
    - return
    - tidy
    * * *
    1. [bien] benefit;
    a beneficio de [gala, concierto] in aid of;
    en beneficio de for the good of;
    ello redundó en beneficio nuestro it was to our advantage;
    en beneficio de todos in everyone's interest;
    en beneficio propio for one's own good;
    sólo buscan el beneficio propio they're only interested in what's in it for them
    2. [ganancia] profit;
    la tienda ya está dando beneficios the shop is already making a profit
    beneficio bruto gross profit;
    beneficio neto net profit
    3. Min [extracción] extraction
    4. Carib, Chile [de res] slaughter
    * * *
    m
    1 ( ventaja) benefit;
    en beneficio de in aid of
    2 COM profit
    2 Rpl
    para ganado slaughterhouse
    3 C.Am.
    coffee-processing plant
    * * *
    1) ganancia, provecho: gain, profit
    2) : benefit
    * * *
    1. (bien) benefit
    2. (ganancias) profit
    el beneficio neto fue de más de 9.000 millones de pesetas the net profit was over 9,000 million pesetas
    en beneficio de in the interests of / for the good of
    en su propio beneficio in his own interests / for his own good

    Spanish-English dictionary > beneficio

  • 27 constante

    adj.
    2 constant.
    3 unchanging, uniform, consistent, constant.
    4 dedicated, hardworking.
    f.
    1 constant.
    2 Constante.
    * * *
    1 (invariable) constant
    2 (persona) steadfast
    1 MATEMÁTICAS constant
    \
    constantes vitales vital signs
    * * *
    adj.
    * * *
    1. ADJ
    1) (=continuado) constant
    2) (=frecuente) constant
    3) (=perseverante) [persona] persevering
    4) (Fís) [velocidad, temperatura, presión] constant
    2. SF
    1) (=factor predominante)

    el mar es una constante en su obra — the sea is a constant theme o an ever-present theme in his work

    2) (Mat) constant
    3) (Med)
    * * *
    I
    1) ( continuo) constant
    2) ( perseverante) < persona> persevering
    II
    a) (Mat) constant
    b) ( característica) constant feature
    c) constantes femenino plural (Med) tb
    * * *
    = constant, continual, continued, continuing, continuous, even, ongoing [on-going], persistent, regular, unvarying, steadfast, perpetual, steady [steadier -comp., steadiest -sup.], abiding, unfailing, unabated, constant, standing, unflagging, assiduous, on-the-go, unceasing, incessant, ceaseless, persevering.
    Ex. Film and videotape are stored on the premises in vaults situated at the back of the library and are air conditioned to ensure a constant temperature.
    Ex. The second point concerns the continual reference to Haykin's book, a sort of code of subject authority practice and its drawbacks.
    Ex. Instructional development is a goal-oriented, problem-solving process involving techniques such as development of specific objectives, analysis of learners and tasks, preliminary trials, formative and summative evaluation, and continued revision.
    Ex. They are likely to influence the future function of DC, and the way in which the scheme will evolve, but since there will be a continuing need for shelf arrangement, DC will remain necessary.
    Ex. However, in 1983, Forest Press decided to opt for the concept of continuous revision.
    Ex. An unvarying level of illumination, heating, cooling, ventilation and acoustics will give the even type of environment needed in an academic library.
    Ex. This study has many implications for an ongoing COMARC effort beyond the present pilot project because it is evident that a very small number of libraries can furnish machine-readable records with full LC/MARC encoding.
    Ex. Cases keep discussion grounded on certain persistent facts that must be faced, and keep a realistic rein on airy flights of academic speculation.
    Ex. Book form was generally regarded as too inflexible for library catalogues, especially where the catalogue required regular updating to cater for continuing and gradual expansion of the collection.
    Ex. An unvarying level of illumination, heating, cooling, ventilation and acoustics will give the even type of environment needed in an academic library.
    Ex. He does admit, however, that 'this power is unusual, it is a gift which must be cultivated, an accomplishment which can only be acquired by vigorous and steadfast concentration'.
    Ex. Possessed of a phenomenal memory and a perpetual smile, this paragon always is ready to meet the public without losing balance or a sense of humor.
    Ex. Susan Blanch is a fairly steady customer, taking only fiction books.
    Ex. The revision and correction of reference works is an abiding concern to the librarian and the user.
    Ex. Public libraries can be characterized by an unfailing flexibility and sincere intent to help people solve problems.
    Ex. The demand for English as the world's lingua franca continues unabated.
    Ex. In this formula, curly brackets {} indicate activities, and alpha, beta and gamma are constants = En esta fórmula, las llaves {} indican actividades y alfa, beta y gamma son las constantes.
    Ex. A standing reproach to all librarians is the non-user.
    Ex. Colleagues from all the regions of the world harnessed their combined intellectual capital, tenacity, good will and unflagging spirit of volunteerism for the good of our profession = Colegas de todas las regiones del mundo utilizaron su capital intelectual, su tenacidad, su buena voluntad y su inagotable espíritu de voluntarismo para el bien de nuestra profesión.
    Ex. The management of a large number of digital images requires assiduous attention to all stages of production.
    Ex. With technologies such as SMS, Podcasting, voice over IP (VoIP), and more becoming increasingly mainstream, the potential to provide instant, on-the-go reference is limitless.
    Ex. But just as she pulled over the road in the pitch blackness of night she heard the unceasing sound of the night like she had never heard it.
    Ex. The great practical education of the Englishman is derived from incessant intercourse between man and man, in trade.
    Ex. Children in modern society are faced with a ceaseless stream of new ideas, and responsibility for their upbringing has generally moved from parents to childminders and teachers.
    Ex. Napoleon Bonaparte said: 'Victory belongs to the most persevering' and 'Ability is of little account without opportunity'.
    ----
    * constante de bajada = slope constant.
    * constante flujo de = steady stream of.
    * constante vital = vital sign.
    * crítica constante = nagging.
    * de un modo constante = on an ongoing basis.
    * en constante expansión = ever-expanding, ever-growing.
    * en constante movimiento = on the go.
    * los constantes cambios de = the changing face of, the changing nature of.
    * mantenimiento de las constantes vitales = life support.
    * máquina que mantiene las constantes vitales = life-support system.
    * permanecer constante = remain + constant.
    * que está en constante evolución = ever-evolving.
    * serie constante de = steady stream of.
    * ser una constante = be a constant.
    * * *
    I
    1) ( continuo) constant
    2) ( perseverante) < persona> persevering
    II
    a) (Mat) constant
    b) ( característica) constant feature
    c) constantes femenino plural (Med) tb
    * * *
    = constant, continual, continued, continuing, continuous, even, ongoing [on-going], persistent, regular, unvarying, steadfast, perpetual, steady [steadier -comp., steadiest -sup.], abiding, unfailing, unabated, constant, standing, unflagging, assiduous, on-the-go, unceasing, incessant, ceaseless, persevering.

    Ex: Film and videotape are stored on the premises in vaults situated at the back of the library and are air conditioned to ensure a constant temperature.

    Ex: The second point concerns the continual reference to Haykin's book, a sort of code of subject authority practice and its drawbacks.
    Ex: Instructional development is a goal-oriented, problem-solving process involving techniques such as development of specific objectives, analysis of learners and tasks, preliminary trials, formative and summative evaluation, and continued revision.
    Ex: They are likely to influence the future function of DC, and the way in which the scheme will evolve, but since there will be a continuing need for shelf arrangement, DC will remain necessary.
    Ex: However, in 1983, Forest Press decided to opt for the concept of continuous revision.
    Ex: An unvarying level of illumination, heating, cooling, ventilation and acoustics will give the even type of environment needed in an academic library.
    Ex: This study has many implications for an ongoing COMARC effort beyond the present pilot project because it is evident that a very small number of libraries can furnish machine-readable records with full LC/MARC encoding.
    Ex: Cases keep discussion grounded on certain persistent facts that must be faced, and keep a realistic rein on airy flights of academic speculation.
    Ex: Book form was generally regarded as too inflexible for library catalogues, especially where the catalogue required regular updating to cater for continuing and gradual expansion of the collection.
    Ex: An unvarying level of illumination, heating, cooling, ventilation and acoustics will give the even type of environment needed in an academic library.
    Ex: He does admit, however, that 'this power is unusual, it is a gift which must be cultivated, an accomplishment which can only be acquired by vigorous and steadfast concentration'.
    Ex: Possessed of a phenomenal memory and a perpetual smile, this paragon always is ready to meet the public without losing balance or a sense of humor.
    Ex: Susan Blanch is a fairly steady customer, taking only fiction books.
    Ex: The revision and correction of reference works is an abiding concern to the librarian and the user.
    Ex: Public libraries can be characterized by an unfailing flexibility and sincere intent to help people solve problems.
    Ex: The demand for English as the world's lingua franca continues unabated.
    Ex: In this formula, curly brackets {} indicate activities, and alpha, beta and gamma are constants = En esta fórmula, las llaves {} indican actividades y alfa, beta y gamma son las constantes.
    Ex: A standing reproach to all librarians is the non-user.
    Ex: Colleagues from all the regions of the world harnessed their combined intellectual capital, tenacity, good will and unflagging spirit of volunteerism for the good of our profession = Colegas de todas las regiones del mundo utilizaron su capital intelectual, su tenacidad, su buena voluntad y su inagotable espíritu de voluntarismo para el bien de nuestra profesión.
    Ex: The management of a large number of digital images requires assiduous attention to all stages of production.
    Ex: With technologies such as SMS, Podcasting, voice over IP (VoIP), and more becoming increasingly mainstream, the potential to provide instant, on-the-go reference is limitless.
    Ex: But just as she pulled over the road in the pitch blackness of night she heard the unceasing sound of the night like she had never heard it.
    Ex: The great practical education of the Englishman is derived from incessant intercourse between man and man, in trade.
    Ex: Children in modern society are faced with a ceaseless stream of new ideas, and responsibility for their upbringing has generally moved from parents to childminders and teachers.
    Ex: Napoleon Bonaparte said: 'Victory belongs to the most persevering' and 'Ability is of little account without opportunity'.
    * constante de bajada = slope constant.
    * constante flujo de = steady stream of.
    * constante vital = vital sign.
    * crítica constante = nagging.
    * de un modo constante = on an ongoing basis.
    * en constante expansión = ever-expanding, ever-growing.
    * en constante movimiento = on the go.
    * los constantes cambios de = the changing face of, the changing nature of.
    * mantenimiento de las constantes vitales = life support.
    * máquina que mantiene las constantes vitales = life-support system.
    * permanecer constante = remain + constant.
    * que está en constante evolución = ever-evolving.
    * serie constante de = steady stream of.
    * ser una constante = be a constant.

    * * *
    A
    1 (continuo) constant
    estaba sometido a una constante vigilancia he was kept under constant surveillance
    2 ‹tema/motivo› constant
    B (perseverante) persevering
    1 ( Mat) constant
    2 (característica) constant feature
    las escaseces han sido una constante durante los últimos siete años shortages have been a constant feature of the last seven years
    durante estas fechas las colas son una constante en las tiendas at this time of year queues are a regular feature in the shops
    una constante en su obra a constant theme in his work
    el malhumor es una constante en él he's always in a bad mood
    constantes vitales vital signs (pl)
    * * *

     

    constante adjetivo


    ■ sustantivo femenino
    a) (Mat) constant


    c)

    ◊ constantes sustantivo femenino plural (Med) tb constantes vitales vital signs (pl)

    constante
    I adjetivo
    1 (tenaz) steadfast: es una persona constante en sus ambiciones, he is steadfast in his ambitions
    2 (incesante, sin variaciones) constant, incessant, unchanging: me mareaba el constante barullo que había allí, the constant racket there made me dizzy
    II sustantivo femenino
    1 constant feature: los desengaños fueron una constante a lo largo de su vida, disappointments were a constant during his lifetime
    2 Mat constant
    ' constante' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    fiel
    - salario
    - sangría
    English:
    constant
    - continual
    - cruise
    - equable
    - even
    - incessant
    - recurrent
    - steadily
    - steady
    - unfailing
    - uniform
    - unremitting
    - break
    - consistent
    - drive
    - eternal
    - niggling
    - persistent
    - wear
    * * *
    ♦ adj
    1. [persona] [en una empresa] persistent;
    [en ideas, opiniones] steadfast;
    se mantuvo constante en su esfuerzo he persevered in his efforts
    2. [lluvia, atención] constant, persistent;
    [temperatura] constant
    3. [que se repite] constant
    ♦ nf
    1. [rasgo] constant;
    las desilusiones han sido una constante en su vida disappointments have been a constant feature in her life;
    las tormentas son una constante en sus cuadros storms are an ever-present feature in his paintings;
    la violencia es una constante histórica en la región the region has known violence throughout its history
    2. Mat constant
    3. constantes vitales vital signs;
    * * *
    I adj constant
    II f MAT constant
    * * *
    : constant
    : constant
    * * *
    constante adj (continuo) constant

    Spanish-English dictionary > constante

  • 28 creatividad

    f.
    creativity.
    * * *
    1 creativity
    * * *
    noun f.
    * * *
    * * *
    femenino creativity
    * * *
    = creativity, creativeness, generativity, resourcefulness.
    Ex. An alertness to work in related fields may stimulate creativity in disseminating ideas from one field of study to another, for both the researcher and the manager.
    Ex. Creativeness in all fields of activity results in an interest, a demand for more and eventually a market.
    Ex. This article distinguishes between a society's ability to generate a scientific and technological potential (generativity) and the country's capacity to absorb or recieve scientific and technological research results (receptivity).
    Ex. The impression left by the two early attempts to create universal bibliographic control was that the creation of one universal source of reference was beyond human resources and resourcefulness.
    ----
    * con cuanta creatividad = how creatively.
    * creatividad literaria = creative writing.
    * * *
    femenino creativity
    * * *
    = creativity, creativeness, generativity, resourcefulness.

    Ex: An alertness to work in related fields may stimulate creativity in disseminating ideas from one field of study to another, for both the researcher and the manager.

    Ex: Creativeness in all fields of activity results in an interest, a demand for more and eventually a market.
    Ex: This article distinguishes between a society's ability to generate a scientific and technological potential (generativity) and the country's capacity to absorb or recieve scientific and technological research results (receptivity).
    Ex: The impression left by the two early attempts to create universal bibliographic control was that the creation of one universal source of reference was beyond human resources and resourcefulness.
    * con cuanta creatividad = how creatively.
    * creatividad literaria = creative writing.

    * * *
    creativity
    * * *

    creatividad sustantivo femenino
    creativity
    creatividad sustantivo femenino creativity
    ' creatividad' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    inspiración
    English:
    creativity
    * * *
    creativity
    * * *
    f creativity
    * * *
    : creativity

    Spanish-English dictionary > creatividad

  • 29 fichero de registro de transacciones

    (n.) = log, service log, computer log, server log
    Ex. A log in which equipment 'downtime' is noted will provide documentation useful for the justification of replacements or the arrangement of suitable maintenance schedules.
    Ex. Findings from the service logs gave rise to a list of library services that have the potential to result in economic benefits.
    Ex. In this study, a computer log is used to identify the individual differences among students in terms of contents usage and the amount of contents that are presented in Web-supported course sites.
    Ex. Server logs were designed to measure traffic and demand loads on a computer server, and they work well for this purpose.
    * * *
    (n.) = log, service log, computer log, server log

    Ex: A log in which equipment 'downtime' is noted will provide documentation useful for the justification of replacements or the arrangement of suitable maintenance schedules.

    Ex: Findings from the service logs gave rise to a list of library services that have the potential to result in economic benefits.
    Ex: In this study, a computer log is used to identify the individual differences among students in terms of contents usage and the amount of contents that are presented in Web-supported course sites.
    Ex: Server logs were designed to measure traffic and demand loads on a computer server, and they work well for this purpose.

    Spanish-English dictionary > fichero de registro de transacciones

  • 30 personalmente

    adv.
    personally.
    me encargaré yo personalmente I'll deal with it myself o personally
    a mí, personalmente, no me importa it doesn't matter to me personally
    les afecta personalmente it affects them personally
    * * *
    1 personally
    * * *
    adv.
    * * *
    * * *
    adverbio personally
    * * *
    = face-to-face [face to face], personally, person-to-person, in person, speaking personally.
    Ex. This may help to improve the service librarians can give face to face with clients.
    Ex. A sham catalog is a disservice to the user, and participating in the creation of a sham catalog is personally degrading to a professional.
    Ex. In the future, when videotex is developed to its full potential, deaf people will be able to use it to transmit messages person-to-person simply and rapidly.
    Ex. Telephone reference services have become problematic in recent years due to increased volume of patron demand, both in person and on the telephone.
    Ex. Speaking personally, I do not like to gloat -- I like to think we can be generous in victory and gracious in defeat.
    ----
    * conocer personalmente = meet + in person, meet + face to face.
    * * *
    adverbio personally
    * * *
    = face-to-face [face to face], personally, person-to-person, in person, speaking personally.

    Ex: This may help to improve the service librarians can give face to face with clients.

    Ex: A sham catalog is a disservice to the user, and participating in the creation of a sham catalog is personally degrading to a professional.
    Ex: In the future, when videotex is developed to its full potential, deaf people will be able to use it to transmit messages person-to-person simply and rapidly.
    Ex: Telephone reference services have become problematic in recent years due to increased volume of patron demand, both in person and on the telephone.
    Ex: Speaking personally, I do not like to gloat -- I like to think we can be generous in victory and gracious in defeat.
    * conocer personalmente = meet + in person, meet + face to face.

    * * *
    1 (en persona) personally
    vino a decírnoslo personalmente she came to tell us personally o in person
    me encargaré personalmente de enviárselo I'll send it to him personally o myself
    2 ( indep) personally
    yo, personalmente, estoy a favor personally o speaking personally, I'm in favor of it
    personalmente, aceptaría la oferta if I were you o personally, I'd accept the offer
    * * *
    personally;
    me encargaré yo personalmente I'll deal with it myself o personally;
    no la conozco personalmente I don't know her personally;
    les afecta personalmente it affects them personally;
    a mí, personalmente, no me importa it doesn't matter to me personally;
    personalmente, prefiero la segunda propuesta personally I prefer the second proposal

    Spanish-English dictionary > personalmente

  • 31 usuario

    m.
    user, owner.
    * * *
    ► nombre masculino,nombre femenino
    1 user
    * * *
    (f. - usuaria)
    noun
    * * *
    usuario, -a
    SM / F user

    usuario final — (Inform) end user

    * * *
    - ria masculino, femenino user
    * * *
    = client, customer, enquirer [inquirer, -USA], information seeker, inquirer [enquirer, -UK], patron, requester [requestor], searcher, user, library user.
    Ex. Regular monthly outputs can be supplied, or other arrangements can be made to suit the client.
    Ex. New data base items are sent to customers on magnetic tape.
    Ex. Different enquirers might ask for this subject in quite different ways -- eg, is there anything on 'TV advertising of aluminium pressure-cookers'?.
    Ex. Their effective operation is not immediately obvious to the uninitiated and the cards in the index are liable to become disorganized if inexperienced information seekers tamper with the index.
    Ex. In such instances the attitude and disposition of the inquirer is important.
    Ex. The level of specificity that is desirable in any index is a function of the collection being indexed, its use and its patrons.
    Ex. The system permits the requester to specify up to five potential lending libraries, and the system transmits the requests to these libraries one at a time.
    Ex. Equally, various trade directories and other lists need to list and organise names in a form that will enable a searcher to find information about an organisation or person.
    Ex. Users make suggestions for modifications and these are then channelled through a series of committees.
    Ex. Librarians also provide some assistance with that most familiar and awkward-to-handle enquiry from library users concerning the possible value of Grandpa's old Bible or other old book unearthed in the attic during a clear-out.
    ----
    * adaptable a las necesidades del usuario = customisable [customizable, -USA].
    * a petición del usuario = on demand, on request.
    * basado en el usuario = use-based, client-centred [client-centered, -USA].
    * bibliotecario encargado de la formación de usuarios = instruction librarian.
    * búsqueda por el usuario final = end-user searching.
    * centrado en el usuario = customer focused [customer-focused], user-focused, user-centred [user-centered, -USA].
    * círculo de usuarios = circle of users.
    * comunidad de usuarios = user community.
    * configurable por el usuario = user configurable.
    * contador de usuarios = patron counter.
    * creación de perfiles de usuario = user profiling.
    * Declaración de los Derechos del Usuario = Library Bill of Rights.
    * dedicado al usuario = user-related.
    * definido por el usuario = user-defined.
    * de servicio al usuario = client-serving.
    * destinado a despertar el interés del usuario = highlight abstract.
    * determinado por el usuario = customer driven [customer-driven].
    * dirigido al usuario = user-orientated, client-directed, user-oriented, user-driven.
    * diseñado para el usuario = human-oriented.
    * dispositivo de ayuda a usuarios con necesidades especiales = assistive device.
    * estudio de usuario = reader survey, consumer survey, customer survey.
    * estudio de usuarios = user study, marketing audit, user survey.
    * estudio de usuarios de la biblioteca = library user study.
    * etiquetado por el usuario = user tagging.
    * evaluación de usuario = user rating.
    * fácil de consultar por el usuario = browser-friendly.
    * fichero de usuarios del sistema = system user file.
    * formación de usuarios = information literacy, library instruction, information skills, library user education, bibliographic instruction (BI), user education, library user training, user instruction, user training, patron instruction, reader education.
    * formador de usuarios = bibliographic instructor.
    * garantía del usuario = user warrant.
    * grupo de usuarios = user group, users' group, population served.
    * grupo de usuarios al que va dirigido = target user group.
    * guía del usuario = user guide.
    * guiado por el usuario = customer driven [customer-driven].
    * GUI (Interfaz Gráfico de Usuario) = GUI (Graphic User Interface).
    * identificador de usuario = user ID.
    * iniciado por el usuario = user-driven.
    * interfaz de usuario = front end [front-end], user interface, front end system.
    * interfaz de usuario final = end-user interface.
    * interfaz usuario-sistema = user/system interface.
    * manual de usuario = user manual.
    * mostrador de atención al usuario = service area.
    * motivado por el usuario = user-driven.
    * nivel de satisfacción del usuario = user satisfaction.
    * nombre de usuario = user ID, username, user's name.
    * no usuario = non-user.
    * orientado al usuario = user-related, human-oriented.
    * orientado al usuario final = end-user oriented.
    * orientado hacia el usuario = user-driven, user-centred [user-centered, -USA], client-based, client-centred [client-centered, -USA], client-driven, client-directed, client-oriented, customer focused [customer-focused], user-focused.
    * pensado para el usuario = user-orientated, user-oriented, user-driven, human-oriented.
    * perfil de interés del usuario = subject profile, user interest profile.
    * petición de usuario = user request [users' request].
    * política de usuarios = user policy.
    * prestar un servicio a los usuarios = serve + patrons.
    * servicios orientados hacia el usuario final = end-user services.
    * servir a los usuarios = serve + patrons.
    * software de interfaz de usuario = front end software, front-end computer software.
    * sugerido por el usuario = user-driven.
    * tecnología adaptada a usuarios con necesidades especiales = assistive technology.
    * temas de interés de los usuarios = user interests.
    * título buscado por el usuario = sought title.
    * usuario a distancia = remote user.
    * usuario al que va dirigido = target user, intended user.
    * usuario asiduo = frequenter.
    * usuario avanzado = advanced user, power user.
    * usuario con discapacidades = disabled user.
    * usuario conectado en línea = online user.
    * usuario de Internet = Internet neighbour, netizen, clicker.
    * usuario de la biblioteca = library user, library patron.
    * usuario de la información = information browser.
    * usuario del mundo de los negocios = business user.
    * usuario discapacitado = disabled user.
    * usuario en persona = walk-in user.
    * usuario final = end user [end-user/enduser], ultimate consumer, ultimate reader, target user.
    * usuario más antiguo = traditional.
    * usuario particular = home user, domestic user, residential user.
    * usuario problemático = problem patron.
    * usuario público = public user.
    * usuario que busca información = information searcher.
    * usuario que hace mucho uso del préstamo = heavy borrower.
    * usuario que hace poco uso del préstamo = light borrower.
    * usuario que hace uso del préstamo = borrower.
    * usuario remoto = remote user.
    * usuarios = clientele, constituent group, user population, user base, customer base.
    * usuario satisfecho = satisfied user.
    * usuarios finales = target user group, targeted audience.
    * usuario tradicional = traditional.
    * * *
    - ria masculino, femenino user
    * * *
    = client, customer, enquirer [inquirer, -USA], information seeker, inquirer [enquirer, -UK], patron, requester [requestor], searcher, user, library user.

    Ex: Regular monthly outputs can be supplied, or other arrangements can be made to suit the client.

    Ex: New data base items are sent to customers on magnetic tape.
    Ex: Different enquirers might ask for this subject in quite different ways -- eg, is there anything on 'TV advertising of aluminium pressure-cookers'?.
    Ex: Their effective operation is not immediately obvious to the uninitiated and the cards in the index are liable to become disorganized if inexperienced information seekers tamper with the index.
    Ex: In such instances the attitude and disposition of the inquirer is important.
    Ex: The level of specificity that is desirable in any index is a function of the collection being indexed, its use and its patrons.
    Ex: The system permits the requester to specify up to five potential lending libraries, and the system transmits the requests to these libraries one at a time.
    Ex: Equally, various trade directories and other lists need to list and organise names in a form that will enable a searcher to find information about an organisation or person.
    Ex: Users make suggestions for modifications and these are then channelled through a series of committees.
    Ex: Librarians also provide some assistance with that most familiar and awkward-to-handle enquiry from library users concerning the possible value of Grandpa's old Bible or other old book unearthed in the attic during a clear-out.
    * adaptable a las necesidades del usuario = customisable [customizable, -USA].
    * a petición del usuario = on demand, on request.
    * basado en el usuario = use-based, client-centred [client-centered, -USA].
    * bibliotecario encargado de la formación de usuarios = instruction librarian.
    * búsqueda por el usuario final = end-user searching.
    * centrado en el usuario = customer focused [customer-focused], user-focused, user-centred [user-centered, -USA].
    * círculo de usuarios = circle of users.
    * comunidad de usuarios = user community.
    * configurable por el usuario = user configurable.
    * contador de usuarios = patron counter.
    * creación de perfiles de usuario = user profiling.
    * Declaración de los Derechos del Usuario = Library Bill of Rights.
    * dedicado al usuario = user-related.
    * definido por el usuario = user-defined.
    * de servicio al usuario = client-serving.
    * destinado a despertar el interés del usuario = highlight abstract.
    * determinado por el usuario = customer driven [customer-driven].
    * dirigido al usuario = user-orientated, client-directed, user-oriented, user-driven.
    * diseñado para el usuario = human-oriented.
    * dispositivo de ayuda a usuarios con necesidades especiales = assistive device.
    * estudio de usuario = reader survey, consumer survey, customer survey.
    * estudio de usuarios = user study, marketing audit, user survey.
    * estudio de usuarios de la biblioteca = library user study.
    * etiquetado por el usuario = user tagging.
    * evaluación de usuario = user rating.
    * fácil de consultar por el usuario = browser-friendly.
    * fichero de usuarios del sistema = system user file.
    * formación de usuarios = information literacy, library instruction, information skills, library user education, bibliographic instruction (BI), user education, library user training, user instruction, user training, patron instruction, reader education.
    * formador de usuarios = bibliographic instructor.
    * garantía del usuario = user warrant.
    * grupo de usuarios = user group, users' group, population served.
    * grupo de usuarios al que va dirigido = target user group.
    * guía del usuario = user guide.
    * guiado por el usuario = customer driven [customer-driven].
    * GUI (Interfaz Gráfico de Usuario) = GUI (Graphic User Interface).
    * identificador de usuario = user ID.
    * iniciado por el usuario = user-driven.
    * interfaz de usuario = front end [front-end], user interface, front end system.
    * interfaz de usuario final = end-user interface.
    * interfaz usuario-sistema = user/system interface.
    * manual de usuario = user manual.
    * mostrador de atención al usuario = service area.
    * motivado por el usuario = user-driven.
    * nivel de satisfacción del usuario = user satisfaction.
    * nombre de usuario = user ID, username, user's name.
    * no usuario = non-user.
    * orientado al usuario = user-related, human-oriented.
    * orientado al usuario final = end-user oriented.
    * orientado hacia el usuario = user-driven, user-centred [user-centered, -USA], client-based, client-centred [client-centered, -USA], client-driven, client-directed, client-oriented, customer focused [customer-focused], user-focused.
    * pensado para el usuario = user-orientated, user-oriented, user-driven, human-oriented.
    * perfil de interés del usuario = subject profile, user interest profile.
    * petición de usuario = user request [users' request].
    * política de usuarios = user policy.
    * prestar un servicio a los usuarios = serve + patrons.
    * servicios orientados hacia el usuario final = end-user services.
    * servir a los usuarios = serve + patrons.
    * software de interfaz de usuario = front end software, front-end computer software.
    * sugerido por el usuario = user-driven.
    * tecnología adaptada a usuarios con necesidades especiales = assistive technology.
    * temas de interés de los usuarios = user interests.
    * título buscado por el usuario = sought title.
    * usuario a distancia = remote user.
    * usuario al que va dirigido = target user, intended user.
    * usuario asiduo = frequenter.
    * usuario avanzado = advanced user, power user.
    * usuario con discapacidades = disabled user.
    * usuario conectado en línea = online user.
    * usuario de Internet = Internet neighbour, netizen, clicker.
    * usuario de la biblioteca = library user, library patron.
    * usuario de la información = information browser.
    * usuario del mundo de los negocios = business user.
    * usuario discapacitado = disabled user.
    * usuario en persona = walk-in user.
    * usuario final = end user [end-user/enduser], ultimate consumer, ultimate reader, target user.
    * usuario más antiguo = traditional.
    * usuario particular = home user, domestic user, residential user.
    * usuario problemático = problem patron.
    * usuario público = public user.
    * usuario que busca información = information searcher.
    * usuario que hace mucho uso del préstamo = heavy borrower.
    * usuario que hace poco uso del préstamo = light borrower.
    * usuario que hace uso del préstamo = borrower.
    * usuario remoto = remote user.
    * usuarios = clientele, constituent group, user population, user base, customer base.
    * usuario satisfecho = satisfied user.
    * usuarios finales = target user group, targeted audience.
    * usuario tradicional = traditional.

    * * *
    masculine, feminine
    user
    los usuarios de los transportes públicos public transport users, users of public transport
    * * *

     

    usuario
    ◊ - ria sustantivo masculino, femenino

    user
    usuario,-a sustantivo masculino y femenino user

    ' usuario' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    arrendar
    - usuaria
    - rentar
    English:
    lay
    - survey
    - user
    - user-friendly
    - borrower
    - flier
    - help
    * * *
    usuario, -a nm,f
    user
    Informát usuario final end user;
    usuario registrado registered user
    * * *
    m, usuaria f INFOR user
    * * *
    usuario, - ria n
    : user
    * * *
    usuario n user

    Spanish-English dictionary > usuario

  • 32 Kapazität

    Kapazität f 1. COMP memory capacity (Speichermedien); capacitance (Kondensator); 2. GEN capacity, potential; 3. PERS, WIWI capacity
    * * *
    f 1. < Comp> Kondensator capacitance; 2. < Geschäft> capacity, potential; 3. <Person, Vw> capacity
    * * *
    Kapazität
    (Fachmann) authority, expert, mastermind (US), (Fassungsvermögen) capacity, (Maschine) efficiency, (Potenzial) potential;
    • nicht ausgelastete Kapazität below-capacity working;
    • voll ausgenutzte Kapazität full operating capacity;
    • brachliegende Kapazität unused capacity;
    • freie Kapazität spare (surplus) capacity;
    • industrielle Kapazität industrial capacity;
    • überschüssige Kapazität excess capacity;
    • ungenutzte Kapazität idle (US) (spare, Br.) capacity;
    • unzureichende Kapazität undercapacity;
    • vorhandene Kapazität available capacity;
    • Kapazität eines Betriebes plant capacity;
    • große Kapazitäten der Privatwirtschaft strong private-sector potential;
    • Kapazität der Wirtschaft industrial capacity;
    • seine Kapazitäten in stärkerem Maße ausfahren to roll along at a pace closer to its capacity;
    • Kapazität voll ausfahren (ausnutzen, ausschöpfen) to be working (work) to capacity;
    • Kapazität kaum zu 75% ausnutzen to work to 75% or less of capacity;
    • Kapazität fast voll ausnutzen to operate close (at near to) capacity;
    • Kapazität ausweiten to extend (expand) capacity;
    • Kapazitäten mit der Nachfrage in Einklang bringen to align capacities better to current demand levels;
    • Kapazität einschränken to curtail capacity;
    • Kapazität erhöhen to raise capacity;
    • Kapazitäten der einzelnen Länder reduzieren to reduce national capacity;
    • Kapazität auf seinem Gebiet sein to have a great name in one’s field;
    • Kapazitäten um 50% verkleinern to cut back capacity by 50%.

    Business german-english dictionary > Kapazität

  • 33 Energie

    Energie f (E) IND energy, power • Energie sparen UMWELT save energy, conserve energy
    * * *
    f (E) < Ind> energy, power ■ Energie sparen < Umwelt> save energy, conserve energy
    * * *
    Energie, erneuerbare
    renewable energy;
    • kriminelle Energie criminal energy;
    • mechanische Energie power;
    • ungenutzte Energie waste energy;
    • seine Energie für Produktivitätseignung einsetzen to direct one's energies towards higher productivity;
    • Energie aus importiertem Gas erzeugen to produce energy from imported gas;
    • Energie sparen to reduce energy consumption;
    • Energieaufwand energy expenditure;
    • Energieausschuss der Regierung cabinet committee on energy (Br.);
    • Energieaustausch trade-off of energy;
    • Energiebedarf demand for energy, power demand (requirements);
    • Energieberater energy overseer;
    • Energiebereich energy sector;
    • Energiebereitstellung verstärken to strengthen energy planning and supply;
    • Energiebilanz energy balance;
    • Energieeffizienz verbessern to improve energy efficiency;
    • gestiegene Energieeinfuhren hike in energy imports;
    • Energieeinsparung energy conservation;
    • Energieeinsparungen unterstützen to support energy conservation;
    • umfassende Energieeinsparungsmaßnahmen energy package;
    • Energieeinsparungsmöglichkeiten energy-saving potential;
    • Energieerzeugung energy production;
    • Energieexport energy export;
    • Energiefragen energy-related issues;
    • Energiehaushalt power economy;
    • Energieinfrastruktur energy infrastructure;
    • Energieknappheit power (energy) shortage;
    • Energiekosten electricity (power) price;
    • steigende Energiekosten rising costs of energy;
    • Energiekrise energy crisis;
    • Energieleistung power (energy) production;
    • Energielücke energy gap;
    • Energieministerium Ministry of Fuel and Power (Br.);
    • Energienachfrage demand for energy;
    • Energienetze energy network;
    • Energieplanung energy planning;
    • Energiepolitik energy (electricity) policy;
    • Energiepreiserhöhung energy price increase;
    • Energieproduktion energy output, power (energy) production;
    • Energiequelle source of power, energy source (resources);
    • umweltschonendere Energiequelle less polluting energy resource;
    • Energiereserve store of energy;
    • Energiesektor energy area;
    • Energiesparprogramm energy conversation program(me);
    • Energiesteuer tax on energy, energy tax;
    • harmonisierte Energiesteuer harmonised energy tax;
    • kombinierte Energie-/Kohlensteuer a combined energy/carbon tax;
    • saubere und effektive Energietechnologie clean and efficient energy technology;
    • Energieträger source of energy;
    • Energieverbrauch power consumption, energy usage (use);
    • Energieverbrauch einschränken to reduce energy consumption;
    • Energieverbrauch senken to reduce energy consumption;
    • Energieverbrauchswert energy consumption value;
    • Energieverknappung energy shortage;
    • Energieverlust (el.) power loss;
    • Energieversorger power company;
    • Energieversorgung electric[al] power (energy) supply;
    • Energieversorgungsgesellschaft energy-supply company;
    • Energiewirtschaft electric power industry, power-supply industry, energy business, power economy;
    • Energiewirtschaftsunternehmen [electric] power plant;
    • Energiezuteilung power allocation.

    Business german-english dictionary > Energie

  • 34 erneuerbare

    Energie, erneuerbare
    renewable energy;
    • kriminelle Energie criminal energy;
    • mechanische Energie power;
    • ungenutzte Energie waste energy;
    • seine Energie für Produktivitätseignung einsetzen to direct one's energies towards higher productivity;
    • Energie aus importiertem Gas erzeugen to produce energy from imported gas;
    • Energie sparen to reduce energy consumption;
    • Energieaufwand energy expenditure;
    • Energieausschuss der Regierung cabinet committee on energy (Br.);
    • Energieaustausch trade-off of energy;
    • Energiebedarf demand for energy, power demand (requirements);
    • Energieberater energy overseer;
    • Energiebereich energy sector;
    • Energiebereitstellung verstärken to strengthen energy planning and supply;
    • Energiebilanz energy balance;
    • Energieeffizienz verbessern to improve energy efficiency;
    • gestiegene Energieeinfuhren hike in energy imports;
    • Energieeinsparung energy conservation;
    • Energieeinsparungen unterstützen to support energy conservation;
    • umfassende Energieeinsparungsmaßnahmen energy package;
    • Energieeinsparungsmöglichkeiten energy-saving potential;
    • Energieerzeugung energy production;
    • Energieexport energy export;
    • Energiefragen energy-related issues;
    • Energiehaushalt power economy;
    • Energieinfrastruktur energy infrastructure;
    • Energieknappheit power (energy) shortage;
    • Energiekosten electricity (power) price;
    • steigende Energiekosten rising costs of energy;
    • Energiekrise energy crisis;
    • Energieleistung power (energy) production;
    • Energielücke energy gap;
    • Energieministerium Ministry of Fuel and Power (Br.);
    • Energienachfrage demand for energy;
    • Energienetze energy network;
    • Energieplanung energy planning;
    • Energiepolitik energy (electricity) policy;
    • Energiepreiserhöhung energy price increase;
    • Energieproduktion energy output, power (energy) production;
    • Energiequelle source of power, energy source (resources);
    • umweltschonendere Energiequelle less polluting energy resource;
    • Energiereserve store of energy;
    • Energiesektor energy area;
    • Energiesparprogramm energy conversation program(me);
    • Energiesteuer tax on energy, energy tax;
    • harmonisierte Energiesteuer harmonised energy tax;
    • kombinierte Energie-/Kohlensteuer a combined energy/carbon tax;
    • saubere und effektive Energietechnologie clean and efficient energy technology;
    • Energieträger source of energy;
    • Energieverbrauch power consumption, energy usage (use);
    • Energieverbrauch einschränken to reduce energy consumption;
    • Energieverbrauch senken to reduce energy consumption;
    • Energieverbrauchswert energy consumption value;
    • Energieverknappung energy shortage;
    • Energieverlust (el.) power loss;
    • Energieversorger power company;
    • Energieversorgung electric[al] power (energy) supply;
    • Energieversorgungsgesellschaft energy-supply company;
    • Energiewirtschaft electric power industry, power-supply industry, energy business, power economy;
    • Energiewirtschaftsunternehmen [electric] power plant;
    • Energiezuteilung power allocation.

    Business german-english dictionary > erneuerbare

  • 35 potansiyel

    adj. potential, back demand
    --------
    n. potential, potency
    * * *
    potential

    Turkish-English dictionary > potansiyel

  • 36 Produktion

    Produktion f IND production, manufacturing capacity, output, shop floor • die Produktion ausweiten IND expand output • die Produktion erhöhen IND increase production • die Produktion steigern IND increase production • die Produktion umschalten IND switch production • etw. in Produktion geben IND put sth into production • Produktion einschränken GEN, IND scale down production • Produktion herunterfahren GEN, IND scale down production
    * * *
    f < Ind> production, manufacturing capacity, output, shop floor ■ die Produktion ausweiten < Ind> expand output ■ Produktion einschränken <Geschäft, Ind> scale down production ■ die Produktion erhöhen < Ind> increase production ■ Produktion herunterfahren <Geschäft, Ind> scale down production ■ die Produktion steigern < Ind> increase production ■ die Produktion umschalten < Ind> switch production ■ etw. in Produktion geben < Ind> put sth into production
    * * *
    Produktion
    production, producing, output, manufacture, manufacturing, outturn, make;
    • aus örtlicher Produktion home-grown;
    • abnehmende Produktion ebbing production;
    • mit hohen Selbstkosten arbeitende Produktion high-cost production;
    • beanstandete Produktion rejected production;
    • bedarfsgerechte Produktion production on demand;
    • billige Produktion low-cost production;
    • computerüberwachte Produktion computer-aided machining;
    • durchschnittliche Produktion average production;
    • einheimische Produktion home (domestic) production;
    • erhöhte Produktion increased production;
    • fabrikmäßige Produktion mass (series) production;
    • gedrosselte Produktion curtailed production;
    • gekoppelte Produktion combined production;
    • gelenkte Produktion controlled production;
    • genormte Produktion standardized production;
    • geplante Produktion budgeted production;
    • gesamtwirtschaftliche Produktion overall economic output;
    • patentamtlich (urheberrechtlich) geschützte Produktion copyrighted productions;
    • gewerbliche Produktion factory production;
    • gleichmäßige Produktion steady production;
    • großbetriebliche Produktion large-scale (wholesale) production;
    • handwerkliche Produktion manual production;
    • industrielle Produktion industrial production;
    • inländische Produktion domestic (home) production;
    • jährliche Produktion annual production;
    • landwirtschaftliche Produktion agricultural (farm) production, farm output;
    • laufende Produktion current production;
    • innerhalb der Rentabilität liegende Produktion marginal production;
    • lohnintensive Produktion wage-intensive production;
    • maschinelle Produktion machine production;
    • minderwertige Produktion irregulars;
    • mittelbare Produktion indirect production;
    • monatliche Produktion monthly production;
    • nachhinkende Produktion lag in production;
    • rückläufige Produktion falling (declining, receding) production;
    • saisonbedingte Produktion seasonal production;
    • schlanke Produktion lean production;
    • schrumpfende Produktion contracting (falling) production, contraction of production;
    • serienmäßige Produktion serial (series, volume) production, production in bulk;
    • stetige Produktion settled production;
    • stillgelegte Produktion non-production;
    • tägliche Produktion daily output;
    • teure Produktion high-cost (expensive) production;
    • überschüssige Produktion surplus production;
    • verbundene Produktion joint production;
    • vergesellschaftete Produktion socialized production;
    • verminderte Produktion curtailed production;
    • vorgesehene Produktion proposed production;
    • vorübergehende Produktion change-over production;
    • wirkliche Produktion genuine production;
    • zurückgewiesene Produktion rejected production;
    • Produktion vor Auftragseingang speculative production;
    • Produktion bei voller Auslastung capacity output;
    • Produktion am laufenden Band moving-band production, assembly-line technique, line (belt-system of) production;
    • Produktion je Beschäftigtenstunde production per man-hour;
    • Produktion nur auf Bestellung intermittent manufacturing;
    • Produktion für den Eigenbedarf in-house manufacture;
    • Produktion der Euro-Banknoten printing of the euro;
    • Produktion mit großen Exportmöglichkeiten output of high export potential;
    • Produktion schnell verbrauchter Güter soft-goods production;
    • Produktion der verarbeitenden Industrie manufacturing production;
    • Produktion pro Kopf per-capita production;
    • Produktion an der Kostengrenze marginal production;
    • Produktion von Massengütern large-scale (wholesale) production, production of manufactured goods;
    • Produktion an Ort und Stelle on-the-spot production;
    • Produktion abbremsen to put a check on production;
    • Produktion ankurbeln to crank up production;
    • Produktion den Absatzmöglichkeiten anpassen to match production to the absorption capacities;
    • Produktion der Nachfrage anpassen (angleichen) to tailor (gear) production to demand;
    • Produktion anregen to stimulate production;
    • in der Produktion arbeiten to work on the assembly line;
    • bei geringerer Produktion wirtschaftlicher arbeiten to work economically at a lower output;
    • Produktion aufnehmen to go into production;
    • Produktion auslagern to relocate production;
    • wesentlichen Teil der Produktion ausmachen to form the bulk of production;
    • mit der Produktion beginnen to go into production;
    • sofort wieder mit der Produktion beginnen to rush into production;
    • Produktion beschränken to curtail production;
    • Produktion auf den Höchststand bringen to raise production to a maximum;
    • Produktion drosseln (einschränken) to reduce the output, to restrain (curb, curtail, cut, slash, check, restrict) production;
    • Produktion künstlich einschränken to ca’canny;
    • Produktion einstellen to discontinue production (the manufacture), to fold up, to phase out;
    • Produktion erhöhen to step up production;
    • Produktion fördern to stimulate (promote) production;
    • in Produktion gehen to go into production;
    • Produktion in Gang halten to keep industry going (production wheels humming; seine Produktion auf dem Stand (Niveau) von 2002 halten to keep production at its 2002 level;
    • Produktion hochtreiben to gear up production;
    • Produktion programmieren to scale production;
    • in der Produktion begriffen sein to be in process of production;
    • Produktion steigern to step up (increase) production;
    • Produktion stilllegen to halt production lines;
    • Produktion umstellen to convert production;
    • Produktion verlangsamen (verringern) to slow down (reduce) production;
    • Produktion zurückfahren to slow down production.

    Business german-english dictionary > Produktion

  • 37 aviso

    m.
    1 warning (advertencia, amenaza).
    andar sobre aviso to be on the alert
    estar sobre aviso to be forewarned
    poner sobre aviso a alguien to warn somebody
    ¡que te sirva de aviso! let that be a warning to you!
    aviso de bomba bomb warning
    2 notice.
    hasta nuevo aviso until further notice
    llegó sin previo aviso he arrived without warning
    último aviso para los pasajeros del vuelo IB 257 last call for passengers of flight IB 257
    3 advertisement, advert. ( Latin American Spanish)
    4 ad, commercial, advertisement, advert.
    pres.indicat.
    1st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: avisar.
    * * *
    2 (advertencia) warning
    \
    andar/estar sobre aviso (estar atento) to be on the alert, keep one's eyes open 2 (estar enterado) to know what's going on, be in on it 3 (estar avisado) to have been warned
    hasta nuevo aviso until further notice
    mandar aviso to send word
    poner sobre aviso to forewarn
    sin previo aviso without prior notice
    * * *
    noun m.
    * * *
    SM
    1) (=notificación) notice

    Aviso: cerrado el lunes — Notice: closed Mondays

    dar aviso a algn de algo — to notify o inform sb of sth

    2) (=advertencia) warning
    3) (Com, Econ) demand note

    según (su) aviso — as per order, as ordered

    4) (Inform) prompt
    5) esp LAm (Com) advertisement

    aviso mural — poster, wall poster

    avisos limitados — Col classified advertisements

    * * *
    1)
    a) ( notificación) notice

    dio aviso a la policía — he notified o informed the police

    último aviso para los pasajeros... — last call for passengers...

    b) ( advertencia) warning

    sobre aviso: estás sobre aviso you've been warned; me puso sobre aviso de lo que ocurriría — he warned me what would happen

    c) (Cin, Teatr) bell
    d) (Taur) warning
    2) (AmL) (anuncio, cartel) advertisement, ad
    •
    * * *
    = word of caution, announcement, notice, reminder notice, warning, word of warning, follow-up, reminder, cautionary note, cautionary word, alert, heads up, wake-up call.
    Ex. Finally a word of caution: do not expect too much.
    Ex. Printed current awareness bulletins may be produced from similar facilities to those in above, except that here the announcement will relate only to newly added items.
    Ex. Notices may be useful in this context for the user who wishes to familiarise himself with the workings of the catalogue before approaching a terminal.
    Ex. The circulation staff also looks after overdues -- sending out reminder notices, making follow-up telephone calls, etc..
    Ex. No, he was not one to take off like a deer at the first warning of certain dangers.
    Ex. One word of warning before starting: products, concepts, applications of information technology are currently in a state of rapid evolution.
    Ex. The circulation staff also looks after overdues -- sending out reminder notices, making follow-up telephone calls, etc..
    Ex. A constant reminder that, these days, retrospective bibliography and technology are hand in hand is the realization that all of the items listed in both Pollard and Redgrave and Wing are available to purchase in microform editions.
    Ex. The different standards involved are described with cautionary notes on their limitations and the balance between standardisation and innovation.
    Ex. The article 'A few cautionary words about electronic publishing' argues that advances in microform technology have obviously fallen far behind their potential.
    Ex. The author reviews a number of Web sites that offer product warnings and business scam alerts.
    Ex. The article is entitled ' Heads up: confronting the selection and access issues of electronic journals'.
    Ex. These incidents should serve as a wake-up call for libraries planning a move.
    ----
    * aviso de advertencia = warning label.
    * aviso de encuadernación = binding trigger.
    * aviso de vencimiento = overdue notice.
    * aviso para los aviadores = NOTAM (Notice for Airmen).
    * casi sin previo aviso = without much notice.
    * dar un aviso = make + warning.
    * hasta nuevo aviso = until further notice.
    * luz de aviso = warning light.
    * mensaje de aviso = warning message.
    * piloto de aviso = warning light.
    * poner sobre aviso = alert to.
    * poner una señal de aviso = post + a warning, post + a warning sign.
    * señal de aviso = early warning signal, warning sign, warning signal.
    * señal de aviso de incendio = fire warning.
    * sin aviso previo = without warning.
    * sin previo aviso = unannounced, without warning, without notice, without prior notice, without prior notification, on spec, at the drop of a hat, without (any) further notice.
    * sistema de aviso de reclamaciones = claims warning system.
    * temporizador de aviso = egg timer.
    * * *
    1)
    a) ( notificación) notice

    dio aviso a la policía — he notified o informed the police

    último aviso para los pasajeros... — last call for passengers...

    b) ( advertencia) warning

    sobre aviso: estás sobre aviso you've been warned; me puso sobre aviso de lo que ocurriría — he warned me what would happen

    c) (Cin, Teatr) bell
    d) (Taur) warning
    2) (AmL) (anuncio, cartel) advertisement, ad
    •
    * * *
    = word of caution, announcement, notice, reminder notice, warning, word of warning, follow-up, reminder, cautionary note, cautionary word, alert, heads up, wake-up call.

    Ex: Finally a word of caution: do not expect too much.

    Ex: Printed current awareness bulletins may be produced from similar facilities to those in above, except that here the announcement will relate only to newly added items.
    Ex: Notices may be useful in this context for the user who wishes to familiarise himself with the workings of the catalogue before approaching a terminal.
    Ex: The circulation staff also looks after overdues -- sending out reminder notices, making follow-up telephone calls, etc..
    Ex: No, he was not one to take off like a deer at the first warning of certain dangers.
    Ex: One word of warning before starting: products, concepts, applications of information technology are currently in a state of rapid evolution.
    Ex: The circulation staff also looks after overdues -- sending out reminder notices, making follow-up telephone calls, etc..
    Ex: A constant reminder that, these days, retrospective bibliography and technology are hand in hand is the realization that all of the items listed in both Pollard and Redgrave and Wing are available to purchase in microform editions.
    Ex: The different standards involved are described with cautionary notes on their limitations and the balance between standardisation and innovation.
    Ex: The article 'A few cautionary words about electronic publishing' argues that advances in microform technology have obviously fallen far behind their potential.
    Ex: The author reviews a number of Web sites that offer product warnings and business scam alerts.
    Ex: The article is entitled ' Heads up: confronting the selection and access issues of electronic journals'.
    Ex: These incidents should serve as a wake-up call for libraries planning a move.
    * aviso de advertencia = warning label.
    * aviso de encuadernación = binding trigger.
    * aviso de vencimiento = overdue notice.
    * aviso para los aviadores = NOTAM (Notice for Airmen).
    * casi sin previo aviso = without much notice.
    * dar un aviso = make + warning.
    * hasta nuevo aviso = until further notice.
    * luz de aviso = warning light.
    * mensaje de aviso = warning message.
    * piloto de aviso = warning light.
    * poner sobre aviso = alert to.
    * poner una señal de aviso = post + a warning, post + a warning sign.
    * señal de aviso = early warning signal, warning sign, warning signal.
    * señal de aviso de incendio = fire warning.
    * sin aviso previo = without warning.
    * sin previo aviso = unannounced, without warning, without notice, without prior notice, without prior notification, on spec, at the drop of a hat, without (any) further notice.
    * sistema de aviso de reclamaciones = claims warning system.
    * temporizador de aviso = egg timer.

    * * *
    A
    [ S ] aviso al público notice to the public, public notice
    alguien dio aviso a la policía someone notified o informed the police, someone reported it to the police
    llegó sin previo aviso he arrived without prior warning o unexpectedly o out of the blue
    hasta nuevo aviso until further notice
    último aviso para los pasajeros … last call for passengers …
    2 (advertencia) warning
    sobre aviso: estás sobre aviso you've been warned
    me puso sobre aviso de lo que ocurriría he warned me what would happen
    3 ( Cin, Teatr) bell
    4 ( Taur) warning
    Compuesto:
    remittance advice
    B ( AmL) (anuncio, cartel) advertisement, ad, advert ( BrE)
    Compuestos:
    classified advertisement
    death notice
    ● aviso oportuno or de ocasión
    * * *

     

    Del verbo avisar: ( conjugate avisar)

    aviso es:

    1ª persona singular (yo) presente indicativo

    avisó es:

    3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) pretérito indicativo

    Multiple Entries:
    avisar    
    aviso
    avisar ( conjugate avisar) verbo transitivo
    a) ( notificar):

    ◊ ¿por qué no me avisaste que venías? why didn't you let me know you were coming?;

    nos han avisado que… they've notified us that…
    b) (Esp, Méx) ( llamar) to call;



    quedas or estás avisado you've been warned
    verbo intransitivo:
    ◊ llegó sin aviso she showed up without any prior warning o unexpectedly;

    avísame cuando acabes let me know when you've finished;
    aviso a algn de algo to let sb know about sth
    aviso sustantivo masculino
    1

    ( on signs) aviso al público notice to the public;
    ◊ dio aviso a la policía he notified o informed the police;

    sin previo aviso without prior warning;
    último aviso para los pasajeros … last call for passengers …


    c) (Cin, Teatr) bell

    d) (Taur) warning

    2 (AmL) (anuncio, cartel) advertisement, ad
    avisar verbo transitivo
    1 (prevenir, advertir) to warn: ya te avisé, I told you so
    2 (comunicar) to inform: cuando te decidas, avísame, let me know when you make up your mind
    3 (llamar) to call for
    avisar a la policía, to call the police
    avisar al médico, to send for the doctor
    aviso sustantivo masculino
    1 notice
    (advertencia) warning
    (comunicado) note: no lo utilicen hasta nuevo aviso, don't use it until further notice
    nos cortaron la luz sin previo aviso, they cut our electricity off without notice
    ♦ Locuciones: sobre aviso: no me ha cogido por sorpresa, estaba sobre aviso, I wasn't surprised, I had been warned/I was expecting it
    ' aviso' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    fulminante
    - letrero
    - recado
    - recordatorio
    - toque
    - esquela
    - este
    - llegar
    - ni
    - poner
    - previo
    - señal
    English:
    advice
    - caution
    - forewarn
    - further
    - gale warning
    - if
    - notice
    - notify
    - pin up
    - prompt
    - reminder
    - should
    - warning
    - warning sign
    - advertisement
    - commercial
    - final
    - small
    * * *
    aviso nm
    1. [advertencia, amenaza] warning;
    andar sobre aviso to be on the alert;
    estar sobre aviso to be forewarned;
    ¡que te sirva de aviso! let that be a warning to you!
    aviso de bomba bomb warning
    2. [notificación] notice;
    [en teatros, aeropuertos] call;
    hasta nuevo aviso until further notice;
    último aviso para los pasajeros del vuelo IB 257 last call for passengers for flight IB 257;
    sin previo aviso without notice;
    llegó sin previo aviso he arrived without warning
    Com aviso de vencimiento due-date reminder
    3. Taurom = warning to matador not to delay the kill any longer
    4. Am [anuncio] advertisement, advert;
    no te deja pasar un aviso she doesn't let you get a word in edgeways
    aviso clasificado classified advertisement;
    aviso fúnebre death notice;
    aviso publicitario advertisement, advert
    * * *
    m
    1 ( comunicación) notice;
    hasta nuevo aviso until further notice;
    sin previo aviso without any notice o warning;
    último aviso AVIA final call;
    2 ( advertencia) warning;
    estar sobre aviso have been warned;
    poner a alguien sobre aviso give s.o. a warning, warn s.o.
    3 L.Am. ( anuncio) advertisement
    * * *
    aviso nm
    1) : notice
    2) : advertisement, ad
    3) advertencia: warning
    4)
    estar sobre aviso : to be on the alert
    * * *
    1. (advertencia) warning
    2. (anuncio) notice

    Spanish-English dictionary > aviso

  • 38 control

    m.
    1 control (dominio).
    bajo control under control
    fuera de control out of control
    2 examination, inspection.
    todos los productos pasan un riguroso control all the products are rigorously inspected o examined
    (bajo) control médico (under) medical supervision
    control antidoping dope o drugs test
    control de calidad quality control
    control de existencias stock control
    3 checkpoint.
    control de pasaportes passport control
    4 test (exam).
    5 control (mando).
    el control del encendido/apagado the on/off switch
    control remoto remote control
    6 check, checking, test.
    7 control knob, control, command.
    8 restraint.
    * * *
    1 (gen) control
    3 (sitio) checkpoint
    \
    bajo el control de under the supervision of
    estar bajo control to be under control
    estar fuera de control to be out of control
    llevar el control to be in control
    perder el control to lose control
    control a distancia remote control
    control de calidad quality control
    control de natalidad birth control
    control de pasaportes passport control
    control de sí mismo self-control
    control policial roadblock
    * * *
    noun m.
    * * *
    SM
    1) (=dominio, vigilancia) control

    perder el control — to lose control (of o.s.)

    control de o sobre sí mismo — self-control

    2) (=inspección) (Jur) inspection, check; (Com, Econ) audit, auditing
    3) (=puesto) (tb: control de carretera) roadblock; (tb: control de frontera) frontier checkpoint
    4) [de un aparato] control
    5) (=examen) (Educ) test
    6) (Med) test

    control antidopaje — drugs test, dope test

    control antidoping — drug test, dope test

    * * *
    1) ( dominio) control
    3) (en carretera, rally) checkpoint
    4)
    a) ( de aparato) control
    b) controles masculino plural (Rad)
    5)
    a) (Educ) test
    b) (Med) check-up
    •
    * * *
    = check, control, grasp, hold, monitoring, regulation, supervision, toll, command, governance, mastery, checkpoint, grip, tracking, span of control, policing, tightening, rule, moderation, vetting.
    Ex. Checks on relationships that must be represented can be executed by examining each card in turn and seeking cards which show related terms.
    Ex. Control is exercised over which terms are used, but otherwise the terms are ordinary words.
    Ex. When an item is in its grasp, it snaps instantly to the next that is suggested by the association of thoughts, in accordance with some intricate web of trails carried by the cells of the brain.
    Ex. SLIS will, however, need to retain a firm hold on their traditional market whilst also meeting more specialised competition.
    Ex. Automatic monitoring of activity on the computer system (i.e., logging transactions) was regarded as a powerful technique for evaluating user system interaction.
    Ex. If administrative regulations, rules, etc., are from jurisdictions in which such regulations, etc., are promulgated by government agencies or agents, enter them under the heading for the agency or agent.
    Ex. The use of clear armoured glass walls gives excellent visual supervision in the Rare Book Room and in the Manuscript and Local History Reading Room.
    Ex. Books are primarily repositories of ideas and information, for this reason most of them are used and a panoply of tolls are necessary in order to locate specific items.
    Ex. Businesses are using all of the new communicating technological developments to increase their command over the information they need.
    Ex. Public libraries specifically face enormous problems of funding and governance.
    Ex. The library has proven to be an imperfect panacea, and the librarian has suffered a definite loss of mastery.
    Ex. The article 'The information highway: on ramps, checkpoints, speed bumps and tollbooths' offers a comprehensive snapshot of the current policy and practices regarding the dissemination of government information in electronic form.
    Ex. It is therefore often hard to escape the grip of the official phraseology for fear that, in doing so, the meaning of the material will be altered or lost.
    Ex. Tracking of personal information attached to electronic text supplied by publishers is a potential violator of user privacy.
    Ex. What is needed is for the director to broaden her span of control by eliminating the position of assistant director.
    Ex. The article has the title ' Policing fraud and deceit: the legal aspects of misconduct in scientific enquiry'.
    Ex. Previous policies allowed professional interaction but recent tightening has made that more difficult.
    Ex. The British in Malaya used education as a divisive factor to prolong their rule, while the Americans in the Philippines adopted a 'Philippines for the Filipinos' policy = Los británicos en Malaya usaron la educación como un factor divisorio para prolongar su dominio, mientras los americanos en las Filipinas adoptaron una política de "Las Filipinas para los filipinos".
    Ex. The ETEL system guarantees relevance of the information through moderation by a newspaper editor.
    Ex. Criminal record checks have been an accepted form of pre-employment vetting for those with access to children for some years.
    ----
    * activar un mecanismo de control = set + control.
    * aumentar el control = tighten (up) + control.
    * bajo el control de = under the control of.
    * bola para el control del cursor en pantalla = trackball.
    * bolsa de control de préstamo = book pocket.
    * campaña de control de alcoholemia = drink-drive campaign, anti-drink-drive campaign.
    * campo de control = control field.
    * carácter de control = control character.
    * centro de control = locus of control, mission control.
    * circunstancias que están fuera de + Posesivo + control = circumstances beyond + Posesivo + control.
    * código de control = processing code, control code.
    * colección de control = test collection.
    * con control atmosférico = atmospherically-controlled.
    * conseguir el control = gain + control (over/of).
    * control al azar = spot check.
    * control antidopaje = drug testing.
    * control antidoping = drug testing.
    * control bibliográfico = bibliographic control, bibliographical control.
    * control bibliográfico internacional = international bibliographical control.
    * Control Bibliográfico Universal (UBC) = UBC (Universal Bibliographic Control).
    * control de acceso = access control.
    * control de adquisiciones = acquisition control.
    * control de armas = arms control.
    * control de armas de fuego = gun control.
    * control de autoridades = authority control.
    * control de calidad = quality assurance (QA), quality control.
    * control de carretera = road check, roadside check, roadblock.
    * control de circulación = circulation control.
    * control de disturbios = riot control.
    * control de flujo del líquido = fluid-control.
    * control de frontera = border checkpoint, border control.
    * control de funcionamiento = benchmark.
    * control de la circulación de publicaciones seriadas = serials circulation control.
    * control de la natalidad = birth control.
    * control del armamento = arms control.
    * control de las enfermedades = disease control.
    * control de las malas hierbas = weed control.
    * control de la temperatura = climatic control.
    * control del estrés = stress management.
    * control de los artículos de las publicaciones periódicas = article-level control.
    * control de los presupuestos = budgetary control.
    * control del peso = weight control.
    * control del poder = hold on power.
    * control de masas = riot control, crowd control.
    * control de materias = subject control.
    * control de multitudes = crowd control.
    * control de plagas = pest control.
    * control de préstamo = circulation control.
    * control de publicaciones periódicas = periodicals control.
    * control de publicaciones seriadas = serials control, periodicals inventory control.
    * control de salida = exit barrier.
    * control de seguridad = security checkpoint.
    * control de volumen = volume controller, volume control.
    * control económico = fiscal control.
    * controles de funcionamiento = benchmarking.
    * controles de rendimiento = benchmark figures.
    * control férreo = iron-fisted grip, iron grip.
    * control fronterizo = border control, border checkpoint.
    * control mental = mind control.
    * control paterno = parental control.
    * control presupuestario = budgetary control.
    * control remoto = remote control, remote controller.
    * control remoto de llavero = key fob.
    * control terminológico = terminology control.
    * control total = stranglehold.
    * dígito de control = check digit.
    * dispararse fuera de control = spiral + out of control.
    * ejercer control = exert + control, wield + control.
    * ejercer control sobre = exercise + control over, have + hold on.
    * en control = controlling.
    * endurecer el control = tighten (up) + control.
    * estrechar el control = tighten + the grip.
    * falta de control = dirty data.
    * fichero de control de publicaciones periódicas = periodicals file [periodical file], periodical holdings file.
    * fuera de control = out-of-control, haywire.
    * fuera del control de = beyond the control of.
    * fuera de + Posesivo + control = beyond + Posesivo + control.
    * grupo de control = control group.
    * hacerse con el control de = take over + control of, take + control of.
    * ingeniería de control = control engineering.
    * lista de control = checklist [check-list].
    * lograr el control = gain + control (over/of).
    * mantener bajo control = keep + a rein on.
    * mantener control = hold + the reins of control.
    * mantener el control = stay in + control.
    * mantener un control férreo sobre = hold + an iron grip on.
    * mecanismo de control = watchdog.
    * medida de control = control measure.
    * módulo de control de autoridades = authority control module.
    * módulo de control de publicaciones seriadas = serials control system, serials control module.
    * no perder el control = stay on top of, stay on + top of things, keep on + top of things, be on top of things.
    * número de control = control number.
    * organismo de control = watchdog.
    * palabra de control = control word.
    * panel de control = control panel.
    * perder control = lose + control (of).
    * perder el control = slip beyond + the grasp of, lose + Posesivo + grip, run + amok, sweep + Nombre + off + Posesivo + feet, go to + pieces, go + wild.
    * perder el control de Algo = get out of + hand.
    * perder el control de la situación = things + get out of hand.
    * puesto de control = checkpoint.
    * que escapan a + Posesivo + control = beyond + Posesivo + control.
    * reclamar el control de = make + claim upon.
    * seguir con el control = stay in + control.
    * servicio centralizado de control de publicaciones seriadas = consolidation service.
    * sin control = uncontrolled.
    * sistema de control = monitoring system, vetting system.
    * sistema de control de la salida = exit control system.
    * sistema de control de publicaciones seriadas = serials system, serials control system.
    * sobre para el control del préstamo = slip holder pocket.
    * someter a control = place under + control.
    * sujeto de control = control subject.
    * tecla CONTROL = CONTROL key [CTRL key].
    * tecla de control del movimiento horizontal = horizontal positioning key.
    * tecla de control del movimiento vertical = vertical positioning key.
    * tener Algo bajo el control de Uno = have + Nombre + at + Posesivo + command.
    * tener control sobre = have + hold on.
    * tomar el control = take + the helm.
    * tomar el control de = take + control of.
    * torno de control de entrada = turnstile.
    * * *
    1) ( dominio) control
    3) (en carretera, rally) checkpoint
    4)
    a) ( de aparato) control
    b) controles masculino plural (Rad)
    5)
    a) (Educ) test
    b) (Med) check-up
    •
    * * *
    = check, control, grasp, hold, monitoring, regulation, supervision, toll, command, governance, mastery, checkpoint, grip, tracking, span of control, policing, tightening, rule, moderation, vetting.

    Ex: Checks on relationships that must be represented can be executed by examining each card in turn and seeking cards which show related terms.

    Ex: Control is exercised over which terms are used, but otherwise the terms are ordinary words.
    Ex: When an item is in its grasp, it snaps instantly to the next that is suggested by the association of thoughts, in accordance with some intricate web of trails carried by the cells of the brain.
    Ex: SLIS will, however, need to retain a firm hold on their traditional market whilst also meeting more specialised competition.
    Ex: Automatic monitoring of activity on the computer system (i.e., logging transactions) was regarded as a powerful technique for evaluating user system interaction.
    Ex: If administrative regulations, rules, etc., are from jurisdictions in which such regulations, etc., are promulgated by government agencies or agents, enter them under the heading for the agency or agent.
    Ex: The use of clear armoured glass walls gives excellent visual supervision in the Rare Book Room and in the Manuscript and Local History Reading Room.
    Ex: Books are primarily repositories of ideas and information, for this reason most of them are used and a panoply of tolls are necessary in order to locate specific items.
    Ex: Businesses are using all of the new communicating technological developments to increase their command over the information they need.
    Ex: Public libraries specifically face enormous problems of funding and governance.
    Ex: The library has proven to be an imperfect panacea, and the librarian has suffered a definite loss of mastery.
    Ex: The article 'The information highway: on ramps, checkpoints, speed bumps and tollbooths' offers a comprehensive snapshot of the current policy and practices regarding the dissemination of government information in electronic form.
    Ex: It is therefore often hard to escape the grip of the official phraseology for fear that, in doing so, the meaning of the material will be altered or lost.
    Ex: Tracking of personal information attached to electronic text supplied by publishers is a potential violator of user privacy.
    Ex: What is needed is for the director to broaden her span of control by eliminating the position of assistant director.
    Ex: The article has the title ' Policing fraud and deceit: the legal aspects of misconduct in scientific enquiry'.
    Ex: Previous policies allowed professional interaction but recent tightening has made that more difficult.
    Ex: The British in Malaya used education as a divisive factor to prolong their rule, while the Americans in the Philippines adopted a 'Philippines for the Filipinos' policy = Los británicos en Malaya usaron la educación como un factor divisorio para prolongar su dominio, mientras los americanos en las Filipinas adoptaron una política de "Las Filipinas para los filipinos".
    Ex: The ETEL system guarantees relevance of the information through moderation by a newspaper editor.
    Ex: Criminal record checks have been an accepted form of pre-employment vetting for those with access to children for some years.
    * activar un mecanismo de control = set + control.
    * aumentar el control = tighten (up) + control.
    * bajo el control de = under the control of.
    * bola para el control del cursor en pantalla = trackball.
    * bolsa de control de préstamo = book pocket.
    * campaña de control de alcoholemia = drink-drive campaign, anti-drink-drive campaign.
    * campo de control = control field.
    * carácter de control = control character.
    * centro de control = locus of control, mission control.
    * circunstancias que están fuera de + Posesivo + control = circumstances beyond + Posesivo + control.
    * código de control = processing code, control code.
    * colección de control = test collection.
    * con control atmosférico = atmospherically-controlled.
    * conseguir el control = gain + control (over/of).
    * control al azar = spot check.
    * control antidopaje = drug testing.
    * control antidoping = drug testing.
    * control bibliográfico = bibliographic control, bibliographical control.
    * control bibliográfico internacional = international bibliographical control.
    * Control Bibliográfico Universal (UBC) = UBC (Universal Bibliographic Control).
    * control de acceso = access control.
    * control de adquisiciones = acquisition control.
    * control de armas = arms control.
    * control de armas de fuego = gun control.
    * control de autoridades = authority control.
    * control de calidad = quality assurance (QA), quality control.
    * control de carretera = road check, roadside check, roadblock.
    * control de circulación = circulation control.
    * control de disturbios = riot control.
    * control de flujo del líquido = fluid-control.
    * control de frontera = border checkpoint, border control.
    * control de funcionamiento = benchmark.
    * control de la circulación de publicaciones seriadas = serials circulation control.
    * control de la natalidad = birth control.
    * control del armamento = arms control.
    * control de las enfermedades = disease control.
    * control de las malas hierbas = weed control.
    * control de la temperatura = climatic control.
    * control del estrés = stress management.
    * control de los artículos de las publicaciones periódicas = article-level control.
    * control de los presupuestos = budgetary control.
    * control del peso = weight control.
    * control del poder = hold on power.
    * control de masas = riot control, crowd control.
    * control de materias = subject control.
    * control de multitudes = crowd control.
    * control de plagas = pest control.
    * control de préstamo = circulation control.
    * control de publicaciones periódicas = periodicals control.
    * control de publicaciones seriadas = serials control, periodicals inventory control.
    * control de salida = exit barrier.
    * control de seguridad = security checkpoint.
    * control de volumen = volume controller, volume control.
    * control económico = fiscal control.
    * controles de funcionamiento = benchmarking.
    * controles de rendimiento = benchmark figures.
    * control férreo = iron-fisted grip, iron grip.
    * control fronterizo = border control, border checkpoint.
    * control mental = mind control.
    * control paterno = parental control.
    * control presupuestario = budgetary control.
    * control remoto = remote control, remote controller.
    * control remoto de llavero = key fob.
    * control terminológico = terminology control.
    * control total = stranglehold.
    * dígito de control = check digit.
    * dispararse fuera de control = spiral + out of control.
    * ejercer control = exert + control, wield + control.
    * ejercer control sobre = exercise + control over, have + hold on.
    * en control = controlling.
    * endurecer el control = tighten (up) + control.
    * estrechar el control = tighten + the grip.
    * falta de control = dirty data.
    * fichero de control de publicaciones periódicas = periodicals file [periodical file], periodical holdings file.
    * fuera de control = out-of-control, haywire.
    * fuera del control de = beyond the control of.
    * fuera de + Posesivo + control = beyond + Posesivo + control.
    * grupo de control = control group.
    * hacerse con el control de = take over + control of, take + control of.
    * ingeniería de control = control engineering.
    * lista de control = checklist [check-list].
    * lograr el control = gain + control (over/of).
    * mantener bajo control = keep + a rein on.
    * mantener control = hold + the reins of control.
    * mantener el control = stay in + control.
    * mantener un control férreo sobre = hold + an iron grip on.
    * mecanismo de control = watchdog.
    * medida de control = control measure.
    * módulo de control de autoridades = authority control module.
    * módulo de control de publicaciones seriadas = serials control system, serials control module.
    * no perder el control = stay on top of, stay on + top of things, keep on + top of things, be on top of things.
    * número de control = control number.
    * organismo de control = watchdog.
    * palabra de control = control word.
    * panel de control = control panel.
    * perder control = lose + control (of).
    * perder el control = slip beyond + the grasp of, lose + Posesivo + grip, run + amok, sweep + Nombre + off + Posesivo + feet, go to + pieces, go + wild.
    * perder el control de Algo = get out of + hand.
    * perder el control de la situación = things + get out of hand.
    * puesto de control = checkpoint.
    * que escapan a + Posesivo + control = beyond + Posesivo + control.
    * reclamar el control de = make + claim upon.
    * seguir con el control = stay in + control.
    * servicio centralizado de control de publicaciones seriadas = consolidation service.
    * sin control = uncontrolled.
    * sistema de control = monitoring system, vetting system.
    * sistema de control de la salida = exit control system.
    * sistema de control de publicaciones seriadas = serials system, serials control system.
    * sobre para el control del préstamo = slip holder pocket.
    * someter a control = place under + control.
    * sujeto de control = control subject.
    * tecla CONTROL = CONTROL key [CTRL key].
    * tecla de control del movimiento horizontal = horizontal positioning key.
    * tecla de control del movimiento vertical = vertical positioning key.
    * tener Algo bajo el control de Uno = have + Nombre + at + Posesivo + command.
    * tener control sobre = have + hold on.
    * tomar el control = take + the helm.
    * tomar el control de = take + control of.
    * torno de control de entrada = turnstile.

    * * *
    A (dominio) control
    la epidemia está bajo control the epidemic is under control
    perdió el control del vehículo he lost control of the vehicle
    el coche giró sin control the car spun, out of control
    perdí el control y le di una bofetada I lost control (of myself) and slapped him
    se hizo con el control de la compañía he gained control of the company
    Compuestos:
    thought control
    budget o budgetary control
    B
    (vigilancia, fiscalización): lleva el control de los gastos she keeps tabs o a check on the money that is spent
    Compuestos:
    arms control
    quality control o check
    credit control
    birth control
    passport control
    ● control del tráfico or tránsito
    traffic control
    sanitary control
    security check
    C (en la carretera) checkpoint; (en un rally) checkpoint
    D
    1 (de un aparato) control
    el control del volumen/brillo the volume/brightness control
    con Martín en los controles with studio production by Martín
    Compuesto:
    remote control
    funciona a or por control remoto it works by remote control
    E
    1 ( Educ) test
    2 ( Med) check-up
    Compuesto:
    control antidopaje or antidoping
    dope test, drug test
    * * *

     

    control sustantivo masculino
    1 ( en general) control;

    sin control out of control;
    perdí el control I lost control (of myself);
    hacerse con el control de algo to gain control of sth;
    lleva el control de los gastos she keeps a check on the money that is spent;
    control de (la) natalidad birth control;
    control de calidad quality control o check;
    control de pasaportes passport control;
    control remoto remote control
    2 (en carretera, rally) checkpoint
    3
    a) (Educ) test

    b) (Med) check-up;


    control sustantivo masculino
    1 (dominio) control: está todo bajo control, everything is under control
    2 Educ test
    3 (inspección) check
    control de calidad, quality control
    4 (de Policía, militar) checkpoint, roadblock
    5 control remoto, remote control
    ' control' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    absoluta
    - absoluto
    - adueñarse
    - ajena
    - ajeno
    - angular
    - autocontrol
    - contención
    - controlar
    - controlarse
    - cuadro
    - descontrol
    - descontrolarse
    - desenfreno
    - disciplina
    - dominar
    - dominación
    - dominarse
    - dominio
    - dueña
    - dueño
    - encima
    - fraude
    - mando
    - moderarse
    - órbita
    - palanca
    - papel
    - planificación
    - potingue
    - pública
    - público
    - regular
    - regulación
    - reportarse
    - reprimirse
    - reprivatizar
    - resbalar
    - retener
    - rienda
    - señorío
    - sofocar
    - teleguiada
    - teleguiado
    - telemando
    - tenerse
    - torre
    - ala
    - anticoncepción
    - apoderarse
    English:
    air traffic control
    - arms control
    - beyond
    - birth control
    - check
    - checkpoint
    - control
    - equity
    - fiendish
    - freak out
    - gain
    - grip
    - hand
    - hit
    - hold
    - knob
    - over
    - override
    - panel
    - passport control
    - pest control
    - piece
    - quality control
    - rein
    - remote control
    - resume
    - roadblock
    - rule
    - runaway
    - self-control
    - speed trap
    - take over
    - tight
    - tighten
    - tighten up
    - time clock
    - time-keeping
    - traffic control
    - unionist
    - volume control
    - watchdog
    - wild
    - air
    - birth
    - boil
    - break
    - compose
    - curb
    - discipline
    - dual
    * * *
    1. [dominio] control;
    bajo control under control;
    fuera de control out of control;
    perder el control [de vehículo] to lose control;
    [perder la calma] to lose one's temper;
    bebe/fuma sin control he drinks/smokes an enormous amount
    Econ control de cambios exchange control; Econ control de costos o Esp costes cost control; Fin control crediticio credit control; Fin control de crédito credit control; Econ control de gestión management control; Econ control de precios price control
    2. [comprobación, verificación] examination, inspection;
    todos los productos pasan un riguroso control all the products are rigorously inspected o examined;
    (bajo) control médico (under) medical supervision;
    él se encarga del control del gasto he is the person in charge of controlling expenditure;
    efectúan un control continuo de su tensión his blood pressure is being continuously monitored
    Informát control de acceso access control;
    el control de acceso al edificio the system controlling access to the building;
    control de alcoholemia breath test, Br Breathalyser® o US Breathalyzer® test;
    control antidoping drugs test;
    control de armamento arms control;
    control de calidad quality control;
    Com control de existencias stock control;
    control financiero financial control;
    Av control de tierra ground control;
    control del tráfico aéreo air-traffic control
    3. [vigilancia] examination;
    un edificio sometido a un fuerte control a building with very heavy security
    4. [de policía] checkpoint;
    [en rally] checkpoint control de pasaportes passport control;
    5. [examen] test, US quiz
    6. Dep [del balón] control;
    tiene un buen control he's got good control
    7. [mando] control;
    el control del encendido/apagado the on/off switch
    control remoto remote control;
    activar algo por control remoto to activate sth by remote control
    8. Rad
    en los controles estuvo Sandra the show was produced by Sandra
    * * *
    m
    1 control;
    perder el control lose control;
    tenerlo todo bajo control have everything under control
    2 ( inspección) check
    * * *
    1) : control
    2) : inspection, check
    3) : checkpoint, roadblock
    * * *
    1. (en general) control
    2. (examen) check
    llevar el control de algo to run something [pt. ran; pp. run]

    Spanish-English dictionary > control

  • 39 mucho

    adj.
    a lot of, too much, much, plenty of.
    adv.
    1 a lot, much, very much, a great deal.
    2 very often, too often.
    m.
    a great deal, quite much, much, a lot.
    * * *
    1 (singular - en afirmativas) a lot of; (- en negativas, interrogativas) a lot of, much
    ■ no tiene mucho dinero he hasn't got a lot of/much money
    ■ ¿nos queda mucha gasolina? have we got a lot of/much petrol left?
    2 (plural - en afirmativas) a lot of, lots of; (- en negativas, interrogativas) a lot of, many
    ■ no hay muchas copas there aren't a lot of/many glasses
    ■ ¿tienes muchos libros? have you got a lot of/many books?
    ■ hace mucho calor/frío it's very hot/cold
    ■ tengo mucha hambre/sed I'm very hungry/thirsty
    3 (demasiado - singular) too much; (- plural) too many
    1 (singular) a lot, much; (plural) a lot, many
    1 (de cantidad) a lot, much
    ■ mucho mejor/peor much better/worse
    ■ ¿te ha gustado la película? --sí, mucho did you like the film? --yes, very much
    ■ ¿estaba buena la comida? --sí, mucho was the food good? --yes, very good
    ■ mucho antes/después much earlier/later
    \
    como mucho at the most
    con mucho by far
    muy mucho familiar very much so
    ni con mucho nowhere near as
    ni mucho menos far from
    por mucho que however much
    * * *
    1. (f. - mucha)
    adj.
    many, much, a lot of, plenty of
    2. adv.
    much, a lot
    - con mucho
    - mucho tiempo     3. (f. - mucha)
    pron.
    many, much, a lot
    * * *
    1. ADJ
    1) [en singular] [en oraciones afirmativas] a lot of, lots of; [en oraciones interrogativas y negativas] a lot of, much

    tengo mucho dinero — I have a lot of o lots of money

    había mucha gente — there were a lot of o lots of people there

    ¿tienes mucho trabajo? — do you have a lot of o much work?

    2) [en plural] [en oraciones afirmativas] a lot of, lots of; [en oraciones interrogativas y negativas] a lot of, many

    muchas personas creen que no — a lot of o lots of people don't think so

    ¿había muchos niños en el parque? — were there a lot of o many children in the park?

    3) * [con singular colectivo]

    había mucho borracho — there were a lot of o lots of drunks there

    hay mucho tonto suelto — there are a lot of o lots of idiots around

    mucho beso, pero luego me critica por la espalda — she's all kisses, but then she criticizes me behind my back

    4) (=demasiado)

    es mucha mujer para ti — * that woman is too much for you

    esta es mucha casa para nosotros — * this house is too big for us

    2. PRON
    1) [en singular]
    a) [en frases afirmativas] a lot, lots; [en frases interrogativas y negativas] a lot, much

    ¿has aprendido mucho en este trabajo? — have you learnt a lot o much from this job?

    -¿cuánto vino queda? -mucho — "how much wine is left?" - "a lot" o "lots"

    b) [referido a tiempo] long

    ¿te vas a quedar mucho? — are you staying long?

    ¿falta mucho para llegar? — will it be long till we arrive?

    -¿cuánto nos queda para acabar? -mucho — "how long till we finish?" - "ages"

    hace mucho que no salgo a bailar — it's a long time o ages since I went out dancing

    2) [en plural] [en frases afirmativas] a lot, lots; [en frases interrogativas y negativas] a lot, many

    son muchos los que no quieren — there are a lot o lots who don't want to

    muchos dicen que... — a lot of o lots of o many people say that...

    muchos de los ausentes — many of o a lot of those absent

    -¿hay manzanas? -sí, pero no muchas — "are there any apples?" - "yes, but not many o not a lot"

    ¿vinieron muchos? — did many o a lot of people come?

    -¿cuántos había? -muchos — "how many were there?" - "a lot" o "lots"

    3. ADV
    1) (=en gran cantidad) a lot

    me gusta mucho el jazz — I really like jazz, I like jazz a lot

    sí señor, me gusta y mucho — I do indeed like it and I like it a lot

    - son 75 euros -es mucho — "that will be 75 euros" - "that's a lot"

    lo siento mucho — I'm very o really sorry

    ¡mucho lo sientes tú! — * a fat lot you care! *

    • mucho antes — long before

    • mucho más — much o a lot more

    • mucho menos — much o a lot less

    • muy mucho, se guardará muy mucho de hacerlo — * he'll jolly well be careful not to do it *

    • si no es mucho pedir — if that's not asking too much

    • pensárselo mucho, se lo pensó mucho antes de contestar — he thought long and hard about it before replying

    • mucho peor — much o a lot worse

    2) [en respuestas]

    -¿estás cansado? -¡mucho! — "are you tired?" - "I certainly am!"

    -¿te gusta? -no mucho — "do you like it?" - "not really"

    3) [otras locuciones]

    • como mucho — at (the) most

    • con mucho — by far, far and away

    fue, con mucho, el mejor — he was by far the best, he was far and away the best

    no se puede comparar, ni con mucho, a ninguna de nuestras ideas — it bears no comparison at all o you can't begin to compare it with any of our ideas

    • cuando mucho — frm at (the) most

    • tener a algn en mucho — to think highly of sb

    • ni mucho menos, Juan no es ni mucho menos el que era — Juan is nothing like the man he was

    mi intención no era insultarte, ni mucho menos — I in no way intended to insult you, I didn't intend to insult you, far from it

    • por mucho que, por mucho que estudies — however hard you study

    por mucho que lo quieras no debes mimarlo — no matter how much you love him, you shouldn't spoil him

    * * *
    I
    a) <salir/ayudar> a lot

    me gusta muchísimo — I like it/her/him very much o a lot

    ¿llueve mucho? — is it raining hard?

    ¿estás preocupado? - mucho — are you worried? - (yes, I am,) very

    ¿te gusta? - sí, mucho — do you like it? - yes, very much; para locs ver mucho III 3)

    II
    - cha adjetivo
    1)
    a) (sing) a lot of; ( en negativas e interrogativas) much, a lot of

    ¿tienes mucha hambre? — are you very hungry?

    b) (pl) a lot of; ( en negativas e interrogativas) many, a lot of

    ¿recibiste muchos regalos? — did you get many o a lot of presents?

    2) (sing)
    a) (fam) ( con valor plural)
    III
    - cha pronombre
    1) (refiriéndose a cantidad, número)

    mucho de lo que ha dicho — much o a lot of what he has said

    muchos creen que... — many (people) believe that...

    2) mucho ( refiriéndose a tiempo) a long time

    ¿falta mucho para llegar? — are we nearly there?

    ¿tuviste que esperar mucho? — did you have to wait long?

    con mucho — by far, easily

    no es un buen pianista ni mucho menos — he isn't a good pianist, far from it

    * * *
    = heavily, much, widely, a great deal, eminent + Nombre, utmost, vitally + Verbo, plenty, to any great degree, severely, lots of, rather a lot, numerable, a whole lot (of), a great deal of, a good deal of, greatly, wide [wider -comp., widest -sup.], broad [broader -comp., broadest -sup.], extensively, a barrel/barrow load of monkeys, bags of.
    Ex. Regular overhaul of guiding is important, especially for the new user who may rely heavily upon it.
    Ex. Although the 1949 code was much longer than its predecessor, the 1908 code, it only contained rules pertaining to headings.
    Ex. An aggressive approach is made to publicity, with posters and leaflets distributed widely, visits to local shops, post offices, doctors surgeries etc, to drum up business, and the use of volunteers to hand out leaflets at street corners = Se inicia una campaña de publicidad enérgica, distribuyendo de forma general folletos y pósteres, visitando las tiendas, oficinas de correos y consultorías médicas de la localidad, etc., para promocionar el negocio, además de utilizar voluntarios para distribuir prospectos por las esquinas de las calles.
    Ex. Thus charwomen and porters in a university work in an institution where books are used a great deal but they themselves are highly unlikely to use them.
    Ex. 'I think it makes eminent sense, for the reasons I've outlined,' he said and started toward the door.
    Ex. Indeed, he must take the utmost care never to jump to conclusions.
    Ex. Though the reference librarian cannot enter the reference process until he receives the question from the enquirer he is vitally concerned about all of its stages.
    Ex. One of the great glories of books is that there are plenty to suit everybody, no matter what our taste, our mood, our intellectual ability, age or living experience.
    Ex. Consumer advice centres were not used to any great degree by the working classes or those groups most at risk as consumers -- the elderly, divorced, widowed and separated.
    Ex. Pressure on space will create the desire on the part of the editor to limit severely the length any paper being published.
    Ex. Though reference work is the backbone of their task, they do lots of things that are not reference work.
    Ex. Carlyle has been dead nearly a hundred years, but many an academic would like to agree with Carlyle even if, perhaps, universities have changed rather a lot since his day.
    Ex. During the past decade both groups have developed numerable measures to assess creative potential.
    Ex. For the libraries in Belgium CD-ROM offers a new range of possibilities and a whole lot of reference works will be searchable and much more used.
    Ex. As earlier sections amply demonstrate, there is a great deal of choice with regards to data bases.
    Ex. There is a good deal of scope for users and novice cataloguers to find difficulty in identifying the appropriate heading for many of the works which are the responsibility of corporate bodies.
    Ex. The computer can greatly assist in thesaurus compilation and updating.
    Ex. The method is sufficiently flexible to allow for wide modifications.
    Ex. In 'upper town' streets are broad, quiet, and tree-shaded; the homes are tall and heavy and look like battleships, each anchored in its private sea of grass.
    Ex. Fiction classifications are used extensively in public libraries.
    Ex. The landlord is as mad as a barrel load of monkeys, but a fine man and ex-soldier.
    Ex. His colleagues would say he's as daft as a brush, has bags of energy and enthusiasm but gets the job done.
    ----
    * a costa de mucho = at (a) great expense.
    * afectar mucho = hit + hard.
    * Algo a lo que hay que dedicar mucho tiempo = time-consuming [time consuming].
    * Algo que lleva mucho tiempo de hacer = time-consuming [time consuming].
    * a muchos niveles = many-levelled [many-leveled, -USA].
    * andarse con mucho cuidado = walk on + eggshells, tread + the thin line between... and.
    * andarse con mucho ojo = keep + Posesivo + eyes peeled, keep + Posesivo + eyes skinned, keep + Posesivo + eyes (wide) open.
    * arriesgar mucho = play (for) + high stakes.
    * avanzar mucho = travel + a long way down the road.
    * bajar mucho = go + way down.
    * beber mucho = drink + heavily.
    * bebida alcohólica con muchos grados = hard drink, hard liquor.
    * cada vez mucho mayor = fast-increasing, exploding.
    * causar muchas víctimas = take + a toll on life.
    * como mucho = at best, at most, if at all, at the most, at the very latest.
    * conceder mucha importancia a = lay + great store on.
    * con mucha antelación = far in advance.
    * con mucha ceremonia = ceremoniously.
    * con mucha diferencia = by far.
    * con mucha energía = high energy.
    * con mucha frecuencia = very often.
    * con mucha información = populated.
    * con mucha labia = glibly, smooth-talking.
    * con mucha palabrería = glibly.
    * con mucha población = heavily populated.
    * con mucha pompa = ceremoniously.
    * con mucha prisa = without a minute to spare.
    * con muchas actividades = event-filled.
    * con muchas deudas = heavily indebted.
    * con muchas ilustraciones = copiously illustrated.
    * con muchas imágenes = image intensive.
    * con muchas prestaciones = feature-filled, multifacility.
    * con mucha vitalidad = lively [livelier -comp., liveliest -sup.].
    * con mucho = very much, far + Verbo, grossly, by far, by a long shot, by a long way, hands down.
    * con mucho ánimo = spiritedly.
    * con mucho bombo = ceremoniously.
    * con mucho contenido = information packed [information-packed].
    * con mucho esfuerzo = painfully.
    * con mucho éxito = with a wide appeal.
    * con mucho protocolo = ceremoniously.
    * con mucho público = well attended [well-attended].
    * con muchos acontecimientos = event-filled.
    * con muchos detalles = elaborately.
    * con muchos eventos = event-filled.
    * con muchos huesos y poca carne = bony [bonier -comp., boniest -sup.].
    * con muchos lectores = with a wide appeal.
    * con muchos miramientos = ceremoniously.
    * con mucho trabajo = painfully.
    * conseguir mucho = do + much.
    * contener mucho = be high in.
    * costar mucho trabajo = have + a tough time, have + a hard time.
    * dar mucha importancia = put + a premium on.
    * dar mucho en qué pensar = give + Nombre + much to think about, give + Nombre + a lot to think about.
    * dar mucho valor a Algo = value + Nombre + highly.
    * darse (muchos) aires = give + Reflexivo + such airs, aggrandise + Reflexivo.
    * decir mucho de Algo = speak + volumes.
    * de hace muchos años = long-standing.
    * de hace mucho tiempo = age-old, long-term, long-lost.
    * dejar mucho que desear = fall (far) short of + ideal, leave + a lot to be desired, leave + much to be desired.
    * demandar mucho esfuerzo por parte de Alguien = tax + Posesivo + imagination.
    * de muchas formas = in more ways than one.
    * de muchas maneras = in every way.
    * de mucho arraigo = long-established.
    * de mucho beneficio = high-payoff.
    * de mucho cuidado = badass.
    * de mucho provecho = high-payoff.
    * de muchos usos = all-purpose.
    * desde hace muchos años = for years.
    * desde hace mucho tiempo = for ages, long-time [longtime], far back in time, for a long time, long since, in ages (and ages and ages).
    * desear mucha suerte a Alguien = wish + Nombre + the (very) best of luck.
    * desempeñando muchas funciones = in many capacities.
    * destacar con mucho sobre = stand out + head and shoulders (above/over), be head and shoulder (above/over).
    * día de mucho calor = scorcher.
    * donde cabe mucho también cabe poco = what holds a lot will hold a little.
    * durante el transcurso de muchos años = over many years.
    * durante muchas horas = for many long hours.
    * durante muchos años = for many years, for years to come, for many years to come, over many years, for years and years (and years).
    * durante mucho tiempo = long [longer -comp., longest -sup.], for generations, long-time [longtime], for a long time to come, for long periods of time, for a long period of time, lastingly, for a very long time, for many long hours, for a long time, in ages (and ages and ages).
    * durar mucho = last + long.
    * durar mucho rato = take + a long time.
    * durar mucho tiempo = last + long.
    * echar muchas horas al día = work + long hours.
    * echar mucho de menos = be sorely missed, be sadly missed.
    * echar mucho en falta = be sorely missed, be sadly missed.
    * el que mucho abarca poco aprieta = jack of all trades, master of none.
    * en muchos aspectos = in most respects.
    * en muchos casos = in many instances.
    * en muchos grupos = in many quarters.
    * en muchos grupos de la población = in many quarters.
    * en muchos sectores = in many quarters.
    * en muchos sectores de la población = in many quarters.
    * en muchos sentidos = in many ways, in many respects, in most respects, in more ways than one.
    * escribir mucho sobre Algo = a lot + be written about, much + be written about.
    * existen de muchos tipos = come in + many guises.
    * existir mucha diferencia entre... y... = be a far cry from... to....
    * faltar mucho = be a long way off.
    * faltar mucho (para) = there + be + a long way to go (before), have + a long way to go (before).
    * fue durante mucho tiempo = long remained.
    * ganar mucho dinero = make + good money, earn + good money.
    * guardar con mucho cariño = treasure.
    * guardar muchas esperanzas = get + Posesivo + hopes up.
    * gustar mucho = come up + a treat, go down + a treat.
    * gustar mucho las mujeres = womanise [womanize, -USA].
    * gustar mucho lo dulce = have + a sweet tooth.
    * haber de muchos tipos = come in + all/many (sorts of) shapes and sizes.
    * haber recorrido mucho mundo = be well-travelled.
    * haber viajado mucho = be well-travelled.
    * hace muchas lunas = all those many moons ago, many moons ago.
    * hace muchos años = many years ago.
    * hace mucho tiempo = long since, all those many moons ago, many moons ago.
    * hacer mucho = do + much.
    * hacer mucho dinero = make + good money, earn + good money.
    * hacer mucho por = go + a long way (towards/to/in) + Gerundio.
    * hacer muchos aspavientos por Algo = make + a song and dance about.
    * hace ya mucho tiempo que = gone are the days of.
    * hombre que tiene mucho mundo = a man of the world.
    * ir con mucho ojo = keep + Posesivo + eyes peeled, keep + Posesivo + eyes skinned, keep + Posesivo + eyes (wide) open.
    * la mayoría con mucho = the vast majority of.
    * llenar mucho = be filling.
    * lo mucho que = how extensively.
    * mucha gente + esperar que = be widely expected.
    * muchas ganancias = high return.
    * Muchas gracias = Thank you very much.
    * muchas horas = long hours.
    * muchas otras cosas = much else.
    * muchas otras cosas más = much else besides.
    * mucha suerte = best of luck.
    * muchas veces = multiple times.
    * mucho + Adjetivo = very much + Adjetivo, significantly + Adjetivo.
    * mucho antes = early on.
    * mucho antes de = well before.
    * mucho + Comparativo = a good deal + Comparativo.
    * mucho dinero = big bucks.
    * mucho esfuerzo = hard work.
    * mucho interés = keen interest.
    * mucho más = order of magnitude, much more, much more so, a lot more, lots more.
    * mucho más + Adjetivo = all the more + Adjetivo, far + Adjetivo Comparativo.
    * mucho más + Adverbio/Adjetivo = far more + Adverbio/Adjetivo, far more + Adverbio/Adjetivo.
    * mucho más allá de = far beyond.
    * mucho más cerca = far closer.
    * mucho más de = well over + Expresión Numérica.
    * mucho más rápido = far faster.
    * mucho mayor = far greater, far larger, very much greater.
    * mucho mejor = far better.
    * mucho mejor que = far superior to.
    * mucho menos = a great deal less, let alone, far less.
    * mucho menos + Adjetivo = far + Adjetivo Comparativo.
    * mucho + Nombre = a lot of + Nombre, bleeding + Adjetivo/Nombre.
    * mucho peor = far worse.
    * mucho que + Infinitivo = a lot + Infinitivo.
    * mucho ruido y pocas nueces = much ado about nothing, storm in a teacup, Posesivo + bark is worse than + Posesivo + bite.
    * muchos = many, good many, many a(n).
    * muchos beneficios = high return.
    * muchos jefes y pocos trabajadores = too many chiefs and not enough Indians.
    * muchos más = a great many more.
    * muchos + Nombre = a lot of + Nombre.
    * mucho tiempo = long time, long periods of time, a very long time, long hours, ample time, for a long time.
    * mucho tiempo antes de (que) = long before.
    * mucho tiempo después = ages and ages hence.
    * mucho tiempo después (de que) = long after.
    * mucho trabajo = hard graft.
    * ni con mucho = not by a long shot.
    * ni mucho menos = by any stretch (of the imagination), by any means, not by a long shot.
    * no estar finalizado (con mucho) = fall (far) short of + completeness.
    * no existir muchos indicios de que = there + be + little sign of.
    * no haber muchas señales de que = there + be + little sign of.
    * no hace mucho = in the recent past.
    * no hace mucho tiempo = not so long ago.
    * Nombre + no tardará mucho en = it won't be long before + Nombre.
    * Nombre + no tardó mucho en = it wasn't long before + Nombre.
    * no mucho después = not long after.
    * no parar mucho en un sitio = live out of + a suitcase.
    * no pasar mucho tiempo antes de que + Subjuntivo = be not long before + Indicativo.
    * no perderse mucho = be no great loss.
    * pasar mucho tiempo antes de que = be a long time before.
    * pasar por muchas dificultades = be to hell and back.
    * persona con mucha ambición = social climber.
    * persona que ha viajado mucho = seasoned traveller.
    * poner mucho ahínco = try + Posesivo + heart out.
    * poner mucho ahínco en = put + Posesivo + heart into.
    * poner mucho empe = put + Posesivo + heart into.
    * poner mucho empeño = try + Posesivo + heart out.
    * poner mucho empeño en + Verbo = be at pains to + Infinitivo.
    * poner mucho empeño por = take + (great) pains to.
    * poner mucho esmero por = take + (great) pains to.
    * por muchas razones = in many ways.
    * por mucho que lo + intentar = try as + Pronombre + might.
    * por mucho que lo intento = for the life of me.
    * por mucho tiempo = for long, for long periods of time.
    * prometer mucho = promise + great possibilities, bode + well.
    * que consume mucha CPU = CPU intensive.
    * que consume mucha energía = energy-intensive.
    * que contiene muchas imágenes = image intensive.
    * quedar mucho más por hacer = much more needs to be done.
    * quedar mucho (para) = have + a long way to go (before), there + be + a long way to go (before).
    * quedar mucho por conocer = there + be + a great deal yet to be learned, there + be + still a great deal to be learned.
    * quedar mucho por hacer = more needs to be done, have + a long way to go.
    * quedar mucho por saber = there + be + a great deal yet to be learned, there + be + still a great deal to be learned.
    * que deja mucho al azar = hit-or-miss.
    * que hay que dar muchas vueltas = circuitous.
    * que hay que dedicarle mucho tiempo = time-intensive.
    * que ocupa mucho espacio = space-consuming.
    * que se percibe desde hace mucho tiempo = long-felt.
    * que utiliza muchos recursos = resource-intensive.
    * quien mucho abarca poco aprieta = bite off more than + Pronombre + can chew.
    * resaltar con mucho sobre = stand out + head and shoulders (above/over), be head and shoulder (above/over).
    * saber un poco de todo y mucho de nada = jack of all trades, master of none.
    * ser de mucho uso = take + Nombre + a long way.
    * ser mucho = be a mouthful.
    * ser mucho más = be all the more.
    * ser mucho más que = be far more than.
    * sin mucha antelación = at short notice.
    * sin mucha anticipación = at short notice.
    * sin mucha dificultad = painlessly.
    * sin muchas contemplaciones = unceremoniously.
    * sin muchos inconvenientes = without much grudging.
    * sin pensarlo mucho = off the top of + Posesivo + head.
    * sorprenderse mucho = eyes + pop (out), Posesivo + eyes + pop out of + Posesivo + head, Posesivo + eyes + pop out of + Posesivo + socket.
    * tener mucha distancia que recorrer = have + a long way to go.
    * tener mucha personalidad = be full of character.
    * tener mucho camino que recorrer = have + a long way to go.
    * tener mucho carácter = be full of character.
    * tener mucho cuidado = be extra vigilant.
    * tener mucho éxito = hit + a home run, hit it out of + the park, knock it out of + the park.
    * tener mucho interés en = have + a high stake in.
    * tener mucho interés por = be keen to.
    * tener mucho que ver con = have + a great deal to do with.
    * tener mucho tiempo libre = have + plenty of time to spare.
    * trabajando mucho = hard at work.
    * trabajar muchas horas al día = work + long hours.
    * trabajar mucho = work + hard.
    * usuario que hace mucho uso del préstamo = heavy borrower.
    * venir de mucho tiempo atrás = go back + a long way.
    * Verbo + mucho = Verbo + hard.
    * y cuanto mucho menos = much less.
    * y mucho más = and much more.
    * y mucho menos = much less, least of all.
    * y mucho(s) más = and more.
    * * *
    I
    a) <salir/ayudar> a lot

    me gusta muchísimo — I like it/her/him very much o a lot

    ¿llueve mucho? — is it raining hard?

    ¿estás preocupado? - mucho — are you worried? - (yes, I am,) very

    ¿te gusta? - sí, mucho — do you like it? - yes, very much; para locs ver mucho III 3)

    II
    - cha adjetivo
    1)
    a) (sing) a lot of; ( en negativas e interrogativas) much, a lot of

    ¿tienes mucha hambre? — are you very hungry?

    b) (pl) a lot of; ( en negativas e interrogativas) many, a lot of

    ¿recibiste muchos regalos? — did you get many o a lot of presents?

    2) (sing)
    a) (fam) ( con valor plural)
    III
    - cha pronombre
    1) (refiriéndose a cantidad, número)

    mucho de lo que ha dicho — much o a lot of what he has said

    muchos creen que... — many (people) believe that...

    2) mucho ( refiriéndose a tiempo) a long time

    ¿falta mucho para llegar? — are we nearly there?

    ¿tuviste que esperar mucho? — did you have to wait long?

    con mucho — by far, easily

    no es un buen pianista ni mucho menos — he isn't a good pianist, far from it

    * * *
    = heavily, much, widely, a great deal, eminent + Nombre, utmost, vitally + Verbo, plenty, to any great degree, severely, lots of, rather a lot, numerable, a whole lot (of), a great deal of, a good deal of, greatly, wide [wider -comp., widest -sup.], broad [broader -comp., broadest -sup.], extensively, a barrel/barrow load of monkeys, bags of.

    Ex: Regular overhaul of guiding is important, especially for the new user who may rely heavily upon it.

    Ex: Although the 1949 code was much longer than its predecessor, the 1908 code, it only contained rules pertaining to headings.
    Ex: An aggressive approach is made to publicity, with posters and leaflets distributed widely, visits to local shops, post offices, doctors surgeries etc, to drum up business, and the use of volunteers to hand out leaflets at street corners = Se inicia una campaña de publicidad enérgica, distribuyendo de forma general folletos y pósteres, visitando las tiendas, oficinas de correos y consultorías médicas de la localidad, etc., para promocionar el negocio, además de utilizar voluntarios para distribuir prospectos por las esquinas de las calles.
    Ex: Thus charwomen and porters in a university work in an institution where books are used a great deal but they themselves are highly unlikely to use them.
    Ex: 'I think it makes eminent sense, for the reasons I've outlined,' he said and started toward the door.
    Ex: Indeed, he must take the utmost care never to jump to conclusions.
    Ex: Though the reference librarian cannot enter the reference process until he receives the question from the enquirer he is vitally concerned about all of its stages.
    Ex: One of the great glories of books is that there are plenty to suit everybody, no matter what our taste, our mood, our intellectual ability, age or living experience.
    Ex: Consumer advice centres were not used to any great degree by the working classes or those groups most at risk as consumers -- the elderly, divorced, widowed and separated.
    Ex: Pressure on space will create the desire on the part of the editor to limit severely the length any paper being published.
    Ex: Though reference work is the backbone of their task, they do lots of things that are not reference work.
    Ex: Carlyle has been dead nearly a hundred years, but many an academic would like to agree with Carlyle even if, perhaps, universities have changed rather a lot since his day.
    Ex: During the past decade both groups have developed numerable measures to assess creative potential.
    Ex: For the libraries in Belgium CD-ROM offers a new range of possibilities and a whole lot of reference works will be searchable and much more used.
    Ex: As earlier sections amply demonstrate, there is a great deal of choice with regards to data bases.
    Ex: There is a good deal of scope for users and novice cataloguers to find difficulty in identifying the appropriate heading for many of the works which are the responsibility of corporate bodies.
    Ex: The computer can greatly assist in thesaurus compilation and updating.
    Ex: The method is sufficiently flexible to allow for wide modifications.
    Ex: In 'upper town' streets are broad, quiet, and tree-shaded; the homes are tall and heavy and look like battleships, each anchored in its private sea of grass.
    Ex: Fiction classifications are used extensively in public libraries.
    Ex: The landlord is as mad as a barrel load of monkeys, but a fine man and ex-soldier.
    Ex: His colleagues would say he's as daft as a brush, has bags of energy and enthusiasm but gets the job done.
    * a costa de mucho = at (a) great expense.
    * afectar mucho = hit + hard.
    * Algo a lo que hay que dedicar mucho tiempo = time-consuming [time consuming].
    * Algo que lleva mucho tiempo de hacer = time-consuming [time consuming].
    * a muchos niveles = many-levelled [many-leveled, -USA].
    * andarse con mucho cuidado = walk on + eggshells, tread + the thin line between... and.
    * andarse con mucho ojo = keep + Posesivo + eyes peeled, keep + Posesivo + eyes skinned, keep + Posesivo + eyes (wide) open.
    * arriesgar mucho = play (for) + high stakes.
    * avanzar mucho = travel + a long way down the road.
    * bajar mucho = go + way down.
    * beber mucho = drink + heavily.
    * bebida alcohólica con muchos grados = hard drink, hard liquor.
    * cada vez mucho mayor = fast-increasing, exploding.
    * causar muchas víctimas = take + a toll on life.
    * como mucho = at best, at most, if at all, at the most, at the very latest.
    * conceder mucha importancia a = lay + great store on.
    * con mucha antelación = far in advance.
    * con mucha ceremonia = ceremoniously.
    * con mucha diferencia = by far.
    * con mucha energía = high energy.
    * con mucha frecuencia = very often.
    * con mucha información = populated.
    * con mucha labia = glibly, smooth-talking.
    * con mucha palabrería = glibly.
    * con mucha población = heavily populated.
    * con mucha pompa = ceremoniously.
    * con mucha prisa = without a minute to spare.
    * con muchas actividades = event-filled.
    * con muchas deudas = heavily indebted.
    * con muchas ilustraciones = copiously illustrated.
    * con muchas imágenes = image intensive.
    * con muchas prestaciones = feature-filled, multifacility.
    * con mucha vitalidad = lively [livelier -comp., liveliest -sup.].
    * con mucho = very much, far + Verbo, grossly, by far, by a long shot, by a long way, hands down.
    * con mucho ánimo = spiritedly.
    * con mucho bombo = ceremoniously.
    * con mucho contenido = information packed [information-packed].
    * con mucho esfuerzo = painfully.
    * con mucho éxito = with a wide appeal.
    * con mucho protocolo = ceremoniously.
    * con mucho público = well attended [well-attended].
    * con muchos acontecimientos = event-filled.
    * con muchos detalles = elaborately.
    * con muchos eventos = event-filled.
    * con muchos huesos y poca carne = bony [bonier -comp., boniest -sup.].
    * con muchos lectores = with a wide appeal.
    * con muchos miramientos = ceremoniously.
    * con mucho trabajo = painfully.
    * conseguir mucho = do + much.
    * contener mucho = be high in.
    * costar mucho trabajo = have + a tough time, have + a hard time.
    * dar mucha importancia = put + a premium on.
    * dar mucho en qué pensar = give + Nombre + much to think about, give + Nombre + a lot to think about.
    * dar mucho valor a Algo = value + Nombre + highly.
    * darse (muchos) aires = give + Reflexivo + such airs, aggrandise + Reflexivo.
    * decir mucho de Algo = speak + volumes.
    * de hace muchos años = long-standing.
    * de hace mucho tiempo = age-old, long-term, long-lost.
    * dejar mucho que desear = fall (far) short of + ideal, leave + a lot to be desired, leave + much to be desired.
    * demandar mucho esfuerzo por parte de Alguien = tax + Posesivo + imagination.
    * de muchas formas = in more ways than one.
    * de muchas maneras = in every way.
    * de mucho arraigo = long-established.
    * de mucho beneficio = high-payoff.
    * de mucho cuidado = badass.
    * de mucho provecho = high-payoff.
    * de muchos usos = all-purpose.
    * desde hace muchos años = for years.
    * desde hace mucho tiempo = for ages, long-time [longtime], far back in time, for a long time, long since, in ages (and ages and ages).
    * desear mucha suerte a Alguien = wish + Nombre + the (very) best of luck.
    * desempeñando muchas funciones = in many capacities.
    * destacar con mucho sobre = stand out + head and shoulders (above/over), be head and shoulder (above/over).
    * día de mucho calor = scorcher.
    * donde cabe mucho también cabe poco = what holds a lot will hold a little.
    * durante el transcurso de muchos años = over many years.
    * durante muchas horas = for many long hours.
    * durante muchos años = for many years, for years to come, for many years to come, over many years, for years and years (and years).
    * durante mucho tiempo = long [longer -comp., longest -sup.], for generations, long-time [longtime], for a long time to come, for long periods of time, for a long period of time, lastingly, for a very long time, for many long hours, for a long time, in ages (and ages and ages).
    * durar mucho = last + long.
    * durar mucho rato = take + a long time.
    * durar mucho tiempo = last + long.
    * echar muchas horas al día = work + long hours.
    * echar mucho de menos = be sorely missed, be sadly missed.
    * echar mucho en falta = be sorely missed, be sadly missed.
    * el que mucho abarca poco aprieta = jack of all trades, master of none.
    * en muchos aspectos = in most respects.
    * en muchos casos = in many instances.
    * en muchos grupos = in many quarters.
    * en muchos grupos de la población = in many quarters.
    * en muchos sectores = in many quarters.
    * en muchos sectores de la población = in many quarters.
    * en muchos sentidos = in many ways, in many respects, in most respects, in more ways than one.
    * escribir mucho sobre Algo = a lot + be written about, much + be written about.
    * existen de muchos tipos = come in + many guises.
    * existir mucha diferencia entre... y... = be a far cry from... to....
    * faltar mucho = be a long way off.
    * faltar mucho (para) = there + be + a long way to go (before), have + a long way to go (before).
    * fue durante mucho tiempo = long remained.
    * ganar mucho dinero = make + good money, earn + good money.
    * guardar con mucho cariño = treasure.
    * guardar muchas esperanzas = get + Posesivo + hopes up.
    * gustar mucho = come up + a treat, go down + a treat.
    * gustar mucho las mujeres = womanise [womanize, -USA].
    * gustar mucho lo dulce = have + a sweet tooth.
    * haber de muchos tipos = come in + all/many (sorts of) shapes and sizes.
    * haber recorrido mucho mundo = be well-travelled.
    * haber viajado mucho = be well-travelled.
    * hace muchas lunas = all those many moons ago, many moons ago.
    * hace muchos años = many years ago.
    * hace mucho tiempo = long since, all those many moons ago, many moons ago.
    * hacer mucho = do + much.
    * hacer mucho dinero = make + good money, earn + good money.
    * hacer mucho por = go + a long way (towards/to/in) + Gerundio.
    * hacer muchos aspavientos por Algo = make + a song and dance about.
    * hace ya mucho tiempo que = gone are the days of.
    * hombre que tiene mucho mundo = a man of the world.
    * ir con mucho ojo = keep + Posesivo + eyes peeled, keep + Posesivo + eyes skinned, keep + Posesivo + eyes (wide) open.
    * la mayoría con mucho = the vast majority of.
    * llenar mucho = be filling.
    * lo mucho que = how extensively.
    * mucha gente + esperar que = be widely expected.
    * muchas ganancias = high return.
    * Muchas gracias = Thank you very much.
    * muchas horas = long hours.
    * muchas otras cosas = much else.
    * muchas otras cosas más = much else besides.
    * mucha suerte = best of luck.
    * muchas veces = multiple times.
    * mucho + Adjetivo = very much + Adjetivo, significantly + Adjetivo.
    * mucho antes = early on.
    * mucho antes de = well before.
    * mucho + Comparativo = a good deal + Comparativo.
    * mucho dinero = big bucks.
    * mucho esfuerzo = hard work.
    * mucho interés = keen interest.
    * mucho más = order of magnitude, much more, much more so, a lot more, lots more.
    * mucho más + Adjetivo = all the more + Adjetivo, far + Adjetivo Comparativo.
    * mucho más + Adverbio/Adjetivo = far more + Adverbio/Adjetivo, far more + Adverbio/Adjetivo.
    * mucho más allá de = far beyond.
    * mucho más cerca = far closer.
    * mucho más de = well over + Expresión Numérica.
    * mucho más rápido = far faster.
    * mucho mayor = far greater, far larger, very much greater.
    * mucho mejor = far better.
    * mucho mejor que = far superior to.
    * mucho menos = a great deal less, let alone, far less.
    * mucho menos + Adjetivo = far + Adjetivo Comparativo.
    * mucho + Nombre = a lot of + Nombre, bleeding + Adjetivo/Nombre.
    * mucho peor = far worse.
    * mucho que + Infinitivo = a lot + Infinitivo.
    * mucho ruido y pocas nueces = much ado about nothing, storm in a teacup, Posesivo + bark is worse than + Posesivo + bite.
    * muchos = many, good many, many a(n).
    * muchos beneficios = high return.
    * muchos jefes y pocos trabajadores = too many chiefs and not enough Indians.
    * muchos más = a great many more.
    * muchos + Nombre = a lot of + Nombre.
    * mucho tiempo = long time, long periods of time, a very long time, long hours, ample time, for a long time.
    * mucho tiempo antes de (que) = long before.
    * mucho tiempo después = ages and ages hence.
    * mucho tiempo después (de que) = long after.
    * mucho trabajo = hard graft.
    * ni con mucho = not by a long shot.
    * ni mucho menos = by any stretch (of the imagination), by any means, not by a long shot.
    * no estar finalizado (con mucho) = fall (far) short of + completeness.
    * no existir muchos indicios de que = there + be + little sign of.
    * no haber muchas señales de que = there + be + little sign of.
    * no hace mucho = in the recent past.
    * no hace mucho tiempo = not so long ago.
    * Nombre + no tardará mucho en = it won't be long before + Nombre.
    * Nombre + no tardó mucho en = it wasn't long before + Nombre.
    * no mucho después = not long after.
    * no parar mucho en un sitio = live out of + a suitcase.
    * no pasar mucho tiempo antes de que + Subjuntivo = be not long before + Indicativo.
    * no perderse mucho = be no great loss.
    * pasar mucho tiempo antes de que = be a long time before.
    * pasar por muchas dificultades = be to hell and back.
    * persona con mucha ambición = social climber.
    * persona que ha viajado mucho = seasoned traveller.
    * poner mucho ahínco = try + Posesivo + heart out.
    * poner mucho ahínco en = put + Posesivo + heart into.
    * poner mucho empe = put + Posesivo + heart into.
    * poner mucho empeño = try + Posesivo + heart out.
    * poner mucho empeño en + Verbo = be at pains to + Infinitivo.
    * poner mucho empeño por = take + (great) pains to.
    * poner mucho esmero por = take + (great) pains to.
    * por muchas razones = in many ways.
    * por mucho que lo + intentar = try as + Pronombre + might.
    * por mucho que lo intento = for the life of me.
    * por mucho tiempo = for long, for long periods of time.
    * prometer mucho = promise + great possibilities, bode + well.
    * que consume mucha CPU = CPU intensive.
    * que consume mucha energía = energy-intensive.
    * que contiene muchas imágenes = image intensive.
    * quedar mucho más por hacer = much more needs to be done.
    * quedar mucho (para) = have + a long way to go (before), there + be + a long way to go (before).
    * quedar mucho por conocer = there + be + a great deal yet to be learned, there + be + still a great deal to be learned.
    * quedar mucho por hacer = more needs to be done, have + a long way to go.
    * quedar mucho por saber = there + be + a great deal yet to be learned, there + be + still a great deal to be learned.
    * que deja mucho al azar = hit-or-miss.
    * que hay que dar muchas vueltas = circuitous.
    * que hay que dedicarle mucho tiempo = time-intensive.
    * que ocupa mucho espacio = space-consuming.
    * que se percibe desde hace mucho tiempo = long-felt.
    * que utiliza muchos recursos = resource-intensive.
    * quien mucho abarca poco aprieta = bite off more than + Pronombre + can chew.
    * resaltar con mucho sobre = stand out + head and shoulders (above/over), be head and shoulder (above/over).
    * saber un poco de todo y mucho de nada = jack of all trades, master of none.
    * ser de mucho uso = take + Nombre + a long way.
    * ser mucho = be a mouthful.
    * ser mucho más = be all the more.
    * ser mucho más que = be far more than.
    * sin mucha antelación = at short notice.
    * sin mucha anticipación = at short notice.
    * sin mucha dificultad = painlessly.
    * sin muchas contemplaciones = unceremoniously.
    * sin muchos inconvenientes = without much grudging.
    * sin pensarlo mucho = off the top of + Posesivo + head.
    * sorprenderse mucho = eyes + pop (out), Posesivo + eyes + pop out of + Posesivo + head, Posesivo + eyes + pop out of + Posesivo + socket.
    * tener mucha distancia que recorrer = have + a long way to go.
    * tener mucha personalidad = be full of character.
    * tener mucho camino que recorrer = have + a long way to go.
    * tener mucho carácter = be full of character.
    * tener mucho cuidado = be extra vigilant.
    * tener mucho éxito = hit + a home run, hit it out of + the park, knock it out of + the park.
    * tener mucho interés en = have + a high stake in.
    * tener mucho interés por = be keen to.
    * tener mucho que ver con = have + a great deal to do with.
    * tener mucho tiempo libre = have + plenty of time to spare.
    * trabajando mucho = hard at work.
    * trabajar muchas horas al día = work + long hours.
    * trabajar mucho = work + hard.
    * usuario que hace mucho uso del préstamo = heavy borrower.
    * venir de mucho tiempo atrás = go back + a long way.
    * Verbo + mucho = Verbo + hard.
    * y cuanto mucho menos = much less.
    * y mucho más = and much more.
    * y mucho menos = much less, least of all.
    * y mucho(s) más = and more.

    * * *
    1
    salen mucho they go out a lot
    no salen mucho they don't go out much o a lot
    ¿salen mucho? do they go out much o a lot?
    me ayudaron muchísimo they really helped me a lot
    ahora funciona mucho mejor it works much o a lot better now
    esto preocupa, y mucho, a los ecologistas this is a matter of great concern to ecologists
    trabaja mucho he works very hard
    ¿llueve mucho? is it raining hard?
    me gusta muchísimo I like it a lot o very much
    por mucho que insistas, no te va a hacer caso no matter how much you insist o however much you insist he won't listen to you
    por mucho que le grites no te oye you can shout as much as you like but he won't hear you
    después de mucho discutir llegaron a un acuerdo after long discussions, they reached an agreement
    mucho criticar a los demás pero ella tampoco hace nada por ayudar she's forever o always criticizing others but she doesn't do anything to help either
    2
    (en respuestas): ¿estás preocupado? — mucho are you worried? — (yes, I am,) very
    ¿te gusta? — sí, mucho do you like it? — yes, very much
    para locs ver mucho3 pron C. (↑ mucho (3))
    A
    1 ( sing) a lot of; (en negativas e interrogativas) much, a lot of
    tiene mucha vitamina C it contains a lot of vitamin C
    no le tienen mucho respeto they don't have much o a lot of respect for him
    había mucha gente there were lots of o a lot of people there
    sucedió hace mucho tiempo it happened a long time ago
    ¿tienes mucha hambre? are you very hungry?
    una ciudad con mucha vida nocturna a city with plenty of night life
    2 (pl) a lot of; (en negativas e interrogativas) many, a lot of
    ¿recibiste muchos regalos? did you get many o a lot of presents?
    sus muchas obligaciones le impidieron asistir his many commitments prevented him from attending
    muchos niños pasan hambre many children go hungry
    seis hijos son muchos six children's a lot
    somos muchos there are a lot of us
    B ( sing)
    1 ( fam)
    (con valor plural): mucho elogio, mucho cumplido pero no me lo van a publicar they're full of praise and compliments but they're not going to publish it
    hoy día hay mucho sinvergüenza por ahí these days there are a lot of rogues around
    2 ( fam)
    (con valor ponderativo): era mucho jugador para un equipo tan mediocre he was much too good a player for a mediocre team like that
    A
    (refiriéndose a cantidad, número): mucho de lo que ha dicho es falso much o a lot of what he has said is untrue
    tengo mucho que hacer I have a lot to do
    si no es mucho pedir if it's not too much to ask
    muchos creen que … many (people) believe that …
    muchos son los llamados pero pocos los elegidos ( Bib) many are called but few are chosen
    B
    hace mucho que no vamos al teatro we haven't been to the theater for a long time o for ages
    ¿falta mucho para llegar? are we nearly there?, is it much further?
    ¿tuviste que esperar mucho? did you have to wait long?
    mucho antes de conocerte long o a long time before I met you
    C ( en locs):
    como mucho at (the) most
    costará unos 30 dólares como mucho it probably costs about 30 dollars at (the) most
    con mucho by far, easily
    fue, con mucho, la mejor de la clase she was by far o easily the best in the class, she was the best in the class, by far
    cuando mucho at (the) most
    ni mucho menos: no pretendo aconsejarte ni mucho menos I'm in no way trying to give you advice
    no es un buen pianista ni mucho menos he isn't a good pianist, far from it
    * * *

     

    mucho 1 adverbio
    a) ‹salir/ayudar› a lot;

    ‹ trabajar› hard;
    ◊ no salen mucho they don't go out much o a lot;

    me gusta muchísimo I like it very much o a lot;
    mucho mejor a lot better;
    por mucho que insistas no matter how much you insist;
    después de mucho discutir after much discussion

    ◊ ¿estás preocupado? — mucho are you worried? — (yes, I am,) very;

    ¿te gusta? — sí, mucho do you like it? — yes, very much
    mucho 2
    ◊ - cha adjetivo

    a) ( sing) a lot of;

    (en oraciones negativas, interrogativas) much, a lot of;

    no gano mucho dinero I don't earn much o a lot of money;
    ¿ves mucha televisión? do you watch much o a lot of television;
    tiene mucha hambre he's very hungry
    b) (pl) many, a lot of;

    ◊ había muchos extranjeros/muchas personas allí there were many o a lot of foreigners/people there;

    hace muchos años many years ago
    ■ pronombre
    1 ( referido a cantidad)
    a) ( sing) a lot;

    ( en oraciones negativas) much;

    tengo mucho que hacer I have a lot to do;
    eso no es mucho that's not much;
    no queda mucha there isn't much left
    b) (pl) many;

    ◊ muchos creen que … many (people) believe that …;

    muchos de nosotros many of us
    2
    ◊ mucho



    ¿te falta mucho para terminar? will it take you long to finish?;
    mucho antes long before;
    ¿tuviste que esperar mucho? did you have to wait long?
    b) ( en locs)


    con mucho by far, easily;
    ni mucho menos far from it;
    por mucho que … however much …
    mucho,-a
    I adj indef
    1 (abundante, numeroso) (en frases afirmativas) a lot of, lots of
    mucha comida, a lot of food
    muchos animales, lots of animals
    (en frases negativas) much, many pl: no queda mucho azúcar, there isn't much sugar left
    no conozco muchos sitios, I don't know many places
    2 (intenso) very: tengo mucho calor/miedo, I'm very hot/scared
    hizo mucho esfuerzo, he made a great effort
    3 (demasiado) es mucha responsabilidad, it's too much responsibility
    II pron
    1 a lot, a great deal, many: muchos fuimos al baile, many/lots of us went to the dance
    muchos de nosotros/vosotros, many of us/you
    de ésos tengo muchos, I've got lots of those
    III adverbio
    1 (cantidad) a lot, very much: me arrepentí mucho, I was very sorry
    2 (tiempo) hace mucho que desapareció, he went missing a long time ago
    hace mucho que estamos aquí, we have been here for a long time
    (a menudo) often: vamos mucho al cine, we go to the cinema quite often
    ♦ Locuciones: como mucho, at the most
    con mucho, by far
    ¡ni mucho menos!, no way!
    por mucho (que), however much
    Recuerda que el singular es much, el plural es many, y que estas dos palabras se suelen usar en frases negativas (no tengo demasiado tiempo, I haven't got much time), mientras que a lot (of) y lots (of) se encuentran en frases afirmativas: Tengo mucho dinero. I've got a lot of/lots of money. En frases interrogativas se usa tanto much y many como a lot o lots of: ¿Tienes mucho dinero?, Have you got much/ a lot of/lots of money? Sin embargo, en preguntas que empiezan por how sólo puedes emplear much o many: ¿Cuánto dinero tienes?, How much money have you got?
    ' mucho' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    abandonarse
    - abrigar
    - abultar
    - achicharrar
    - achicharrarse
    - acoger
    - adelantar
    - adentro
    - adorar
    - afear
    - afecta
    - afectar
    - afecto
    - agradecer
    - alejarse
    - antes
    - aparato
    - aprecio
    - aprovechar
    - ascendiente
    - avejentarse
    - avenida
    - avenido
    - bailar
    - bastante
    - boato
    - bombo
    - brío
    - cacarear
    - caché
    - cachet
    - calor
    - carácter
    - cariño
    - carrete
    - cascar
    - cervical
    - chapar
    - chiflar
    - cocerse
    - coco
    - comer
    - contraponer
    - costar
    - cuando
    - de
    - deber
    - decaer
    - decir
    - defraudar
    English:
    ability
    - ado
    - afraid
    - age
    - ago
    - agony
    - all-out
    - alone
    - anywhere
    - around
    - as
    - attract
    - attuned to
    - backlog
    - badly
    - bake
    - balance
    - be
    - best
    - booze
    - bulky
    - busywork
    - capital
    - cautious
    - chalk
    - challenging
    - charisma
    - come along
    - come into
    - commotion
    - concern
    - deal
    - dear
    - demand
    - devoted
    - difficult
    - do
    - dog days
    - doing
    - easily
    - emotional
    - enthusiastic
    - esteem
    - exhilarate
    - experience
    - extravagant
    - fancy
    - far
    - fat
    - few
    * * *
    mucho, -a
    ♦ adj
    1. [gran cantidad de] a lot of;
    comemos mucho pescado/mucha verdura we eat a lot of fish/vegetables;
    había mucha gente there were a lot of people there;
    producen muchos residuos they produce a lot of waste;
    tengo muchos más/menos amigos que tú I've got a lot more/fewer friends than you;
    no tengo mucho tiempo I haven't got much o a lot of time;
    no nos quedan muchas entradas we haven't got many o a lot of tickets left;
    ¿hay muchas cosas que hacer? are there a lot of things to do?, is there much to do?;
    no tengo muchas ganas de ir I don't really o much feel like going;
    tengo mucho sueño I'm very sleepy;
    hoy hace mucho calor it's very hot today;
    hace mucho tiempo a long time ago;
    ¡mucha suerte! the best of luck!;
    ¡muchas gracias! thank you very much!
    2. (singular) [demasiado]
    hay mucho niño aquí there are rather a lot of kids here;
    mucha sal me parece que le estás echando I think you're overdoing the salt a bit, I think you're adding a bit too much salt;
    ésta es mucha casa para mí this house is much too big for me;
    Fam
    es mucho hombre he's a real man;
    es mucho coche para un conductor novato it's far too powerful a car for an inexperienced driver;
    es mucha mujer para ti she's out of your league!;
    Fam
    mucho lujo y mucho camarero trajeado pero la comida es horrible it's all very luxurious and full of smartly dressed waiters, but the food's terrible
    ♦ pron
    (singular) a lot;
    * * *
    I adj
    1 singular a lot of, lots of; en frases interrogativas y negativas tb
    much;
    mucho tiempo a lot of time;
    no tengo mucho tiempo I don’t have a lot of time o much time;
    tengo mucho frío I am very cold;
    es mucho coche para mí this car’s too much for me
    2 plural a lot of, lots of; en frases interrogativas y negativas tb
    many;
    muchos amigos a lot of friends;
    no tengo muchos amigos I don’t have a lot of friends o many friends
    II pron
    1 singular a lot; en frases interrogativas y negativas tb
    much;
    no tengo mucho I don’t have much o a lot
    2 plural a lot; en frases interrogativas y negativas tb
    many;
    no tengo muchos I don’t have many o a lot;
    muchos creen que … a lot of people o many people think that …
    III adv
    1 a lot; en frases interrogativas y negativas tb
    much;
    ¿cuesta mucho? does it cost a lot o much?;
    nos vemos mucho we see each other often o a lot;
    hace mucho que no te veo I haven’t seen you for a long time;
    ¿dura/tarda mucho? does it last/take long?
    2
    :
    como mucho at the most;
    dan mucho de sí you can do a lot in 10 months;
    no es ni con mucho he is far from being …;
    ni mucho menos far from it;
    por mucho que however much
    * * *
    mucho adv
    1) : much, a lot
    mucho más: much more
    le gusta mucho: he likes it a lot
    2) : long, a long time
    tardó mucho en venir: he was a long time getting here
    3)
    por mucho que : no matter how much
    mucho, - cha adj
    1) : a lot of, many, much
    mucha gente: a lot of people
    hace mucho tiempo que no lo veo: I haven't seen him in ages
    2)
    muchas veces : often
    mucho, - cha pron
    1) : a lot, many, much
    hay mucho que hacer: there is a lot to do
    muchas no vinieron: many didn't come
    2)
    como mucho : at most
    3)
    con mucho : by far
    4)
    ni mucho menos : not at all, far from it
    * * *
    mucho1 adj
    1. (en general) a lot of / lots of
    ¿marcaste muchos goles? did you score many goals?
    mucho2 adv
    1. (en general) a lot
    lo siento mucho I'm very sorry / I'm really sorry
    3. (mucho tiempo) a long time
    no está acabado, ni mucho menos it is far from finished
    mucho3 pron
    3. (con plurales) many / a lot

    Spanish-English dictionary > mucho

  • 40 Angola

    (and Enclave of Cabinda)
       From 1575 to 1975, Angola was a colony of Portugal. Located in west-central Africa, this colony has been one of the largest, most strategically located, and richest in mineral and agricultural resources in the continent. At first, Portugal's colonial impact was largely coastal, but after 1700 it became more active in the interior. By international treaties signed between 1885 and 1906, Angola's frontiers with what are now Zaire and Zambia were established. The colony's area was 1,246,700 square kilometers (481,000 square miles), Portugal's largest colonial territory after the independence of Brazil. In Portugal's third empire, Angola was the colony with the greatest potential.
       The Atlantic slave trade had a massive impact on the history, society, economy, and demography of Angola. For centuries, Angola's population played a subordinate role in the economy of Portugal's Brazil-centered empire. Angola's population losses to the slave trade were among the highest in Africa, and its economy became, to a large extent, hostage to the Brazilian plantation-based economic system. Even after Brazil's independence in 1822, Brazilian economic interests and capitalists were influential in Angola; it was only after Brazil banned the slave trade in 1850 that the heavy slave traffic to former Portuguese America began to wind down. Although slavery in Angola was abolished, in theory, in the 1870s, it continued in various forms, and it was not until the early 1960s that its offspring, forced labor, was finally ended.
       Portugal's economic exploitation of Angola went through different stages. During the era of the Atlantic slave trade (ca. 1575-1850), when many of Angola's slaves were shipped to Brazil, Angola's economy was subordinated to Brazil's and to Portugal's. Ambitious Lisbon-inspired projects followed when Portugal attempted to replace the illegal slave trade, long the principal income source for the government of Angola, with legitimate trade, mining, and agriculture. The main exports were dyes, copper, rubber, coffee, cotton, and sisal. In the 1940s and 1950s, petroleum emerged as an export with real potential. Due to the demand of the World War II belligerents for Angola's raw materials, the economy experienced an impetus, and soon other articles such as diamonds, iron ore, and manganese found new customers. Angola's economy, on an unprecedented scale, showed significant development, which was encouraged by Lisbon. Portugal's colonization schemes, sending white settlers to farm in Angola, began in earnest after 1945, although such plans had been nearly a century in the making. Angola's white population grew from about 40,000 in 1940 to nearly 330,000 settlers in 1974, when the military coup occurred in Portugal.
       In the early months of 1961, a war of African insurgency broke out in northern Angola. Portugal dispatched armed forces to suppress resistance, and the African insurgents were confined to areas on the borders of northern and eastern Angola at least until the 1966-67 period. The 13-year colonial war had a telling impact on both Angola and Portugal. When the Armed Forces Movement overthrew the Estado Novo on 25 April 1974, the war in Angola had reached a stalemate and the major African nationalist parties (MPLA, FNLA, and UNITA) had made only modest inroads in the northern fringes and in central and eastern Angola, while there was no armed activity in the main cities and towns.
       After a truce was called between Portugal and the three African parties, negotiations began to organize the decolonizat ion process. Despite difficult maneuvering among the parties, Portugal, the MPLA, FNLA, and UNITA signed the Alvor Agreement of January 1975, whereby Portugal would oversee a transition government, create an all-Angola army, and supervise national elections to be held in November 1975. With the outbreak of a bloody civil war among the three African parties and their armies, the Alvor Agreement could not be put into effect. Fighting raged between March and November 1975. Unable to prevent the civil war or to insist that free elections be held, Portugal's officials and armed forces withdrew on 11 November 1975. Rather than handing over power to one party, they transmitted sovereignty to the people of Angola. Angola's civil war continued into the 21st century.

    Historical dictionary of Portugal > Angola

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