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41 dubio

dŭbĭus, a, um, adj. [for duhibius, duohabeo, held as two or double, i. e. doubtful; cf. dubito, Corss. Ausspr. 2, 1027].
I.
Moving in two directions alternately, vibrating to and fro, fluctuating (cf. ambiguus, anceps, incertus, perplexus, duplex).
A.
Lit. (very rare):
ut vas non quit constare, nisi humor Destitit in dubio fluctu jactarier intus,
Lucr. 6, 556; cf.:
fluctibus dubiis volvi coeptum est mare,
Liv. 37, 16, 4.—Far more freq. and class.,
B.
Trop., vacillating in mind, uncertain.
1.
Act.
a.
Wavering in opinion, doubting, doubtful, dubious, uncertain, = ambigens, haesitans, etc.:
sin est is homo, anni multi me dubiam dant,
Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 17:
quae res est, quae cujusquam animum in hac causa dubium facere possit?
Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 10.— With an interrog. clause, A. and S. Gr. §
213 R. 4 (1.): temptat dubiam mentem rationis egestas, ecquae nam fuerit mundi genitalis origo,
Lucr. 5, 1211; cf.:
equites procul visi ab dubiis, quinam essent,
Liv. 4, 40:
dubius sum, quid faciam,
Hor. S. 1, 9, 40:
dubius, unde rumperet silentium,
id. Epod. 5, 85:
spemque metumque inter dubii, seu vivere credant, Sive extrema pati,
Verg. A. 1, 218; cf. Liv. 1, 42:
Philippus non dubius, quin, etc.,
id. 31, 42:
haud dubius quin,
id. 42, 14; Curt. 5, 12.—With acc. and inf.:
dictator minime dubius, bellum cum his populis Patres jussuros,
Liv. 6, 14; so,
haud dubius,
id. 31, 24; Curt. 9, 7:
nec sum animi dubius, verbis ea vincere magnum Quam sit,
well aware how hard it is, Verg. G. 3, 289; so,
dubius with the genitives animi, Auct. B. Alex. 56, 2: mentis,
Ov. F. 6, 572:
consilii,
Just. 2, 13:
sententiae,
Liv. 33, 25 Drak.:
salutis,
Ov. M. 15, 438:
vitae,
id. Tr. 3, 3, 25:
fati,
Luc. 7, 611 al.; cf. Zumpt, Gr. § 437; A. and S. Gr. § 213 R. 1 ( a.).—
b.
Wavering in resolution, irresolute, undecided (very rare):
dubio atque haesitante Jugurtha incolumes transeunt,
Sall. J. 107, 6; cf.
hostes (opp. firmi),
id. ib. 51 fin.:
nutantes ac dubiae civitates,
Suet. Caes. 4 fin.:
quid faciat dubius,
Ov. M. 8, 441.— Poet. transf.:
cuspis,
Sil. 4, 188.—
2.
Pass., that is doubted of, uncertain, doubtful, dubious, undetermined (so most freq. in all periods and kinds of composition):
videsne igitur, quae dubia sint, ea sumi pro certis atque concessis?
Cic. Div. 2, 51, 106; cf. id. ib. 2, 50 fin.; id. Fin. 4, 24, 67; id. de Or. 1, 20, 92; id. Mur. 32, 68; Quint. 3, 4, 8; 7, 8, 6:
nihil aegrius est quam res secernere apertas Ab dubiis,
Lucr. 4, 468 (cf. verba, vague language, opp. aperta, Quint. 7, 2, 48):
jus, opp. certum,
id. 12, 3, 6;
opp. confessum,
id. 7, 7, 7:
in regno, ubi ne obscura quidem est aut dubia servitus,
Cic. Rep. 1, 31:
dubium vel anceps genus causarum,
Quint. 4, 1, 40; cf. id. 9, 2, 69: dubii variique casus, Auct. ap. Cic. Clu. 21, 58:
et incerta societas,
Suet. Aug. 17 et saep.:
quia sciebam dubiam esse fortunam scenicam, Ter. Hec. prol. alt. 8: salus (opp. aperta pernicies),
Cic. N. D. 3, 27, 69:
spes pacis,
id. Att. 8, 13:
victoria,
Caes. B. G. 7, 80, 6; cf.:
victoria, praeda, laus,
Sall. J. 85, 48:
Marte,
Vell. 2, 55, 3:
spes armorum,
id. 2, 71:
discrimen pugnae,
indecisive, Sil. 5, 519:
proelia,
Tac. G. 6:
auctor,
unknown, Ov. M. 12, 61 et saep.:
an auspicia repetenda, ne quid dubiis diis agerem?
i. e. unassured of their favor, Liv. 8, 32:
dubii socii suspensaeque ex fortuna fidei (opp. fideles socii and certi hostes),
id. 44, 18; cf. Caes. B. C. 1, 3, 5:
Hispaniae,
Tac. A. 3, 44; cf.:
gens dubiae ad id voluntatis,
Liv. 9, 15:
lux,
i. e. morning twilight, dawn, Ov. M. 11, 596:
sidera,
Juv. 5, 22; cf.
nox,
evening twilight, Ov. M. 4, 401:
caelum,
i. e. over cast, Verg. G. 1, 252:
fulgor solis,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 670; cf.:
et quasi languidus dies,
Plin. Ep. 6, 20, 6:
dubiāque tegens lanugine malas,
i. e. between down and a beard, Ov. M. 9, 398; 13, 754; cf.:
dubia lanuginis umbra, Claud. Epith. Pall. et Cel. 42: vina,
not sure to ripen, Plin. 18, 31, 74, § 319:
consilia,
wavering, Tac. Agr. 18 et saep.:
hunc annum sequitur annus haud dubiis consulibus (shortly thereafter the contrary: Papirius Semproniusque, quorum de consulatu dubitabatur),
Liv. 4, 8; so,
haud dubius praetor,
id. 39, 39 fin.:
haud dubii hostes,
open enemies, id. 37, 49:
haud dubii Galli (opp. degeneres, mixti, Gallograeci vere),
id. 38, 17: cena dubia, see below, II.—
b.
In the neutr. absol.
(α).
(Non, haud) dubium est, it is ( not, not at all) doubtful, uncertain, undecided. (aa) Absol.:
si quid erit dubium,
Plaut. Ep. 5, 1, 40:
haud dubium id quidem est,
id. Poen. 3, 4, 27; Ter. And. 2, 3, 25; cf.
in the interrog.: o! dubiumne id est?
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 49; id. Heaut. 3, 3, 46; id. Phorm. 5, 2, 9; and with the dat.:
an dubium id tibi est?
Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 38; Cic. Fam. 4, 15.—(bb) With de:
de Pompeii exitu mihi dubium numquam fuit,
Cic. Att. 11, 6, 5; so,
de eorum jure,
id. de Or. 1, 57:
de re,
Quint. 7, 3, 4; cf. id. 7, 6, 3.—(ng) With an interrog. clause:
illud dubium (est), ad id, quod summum bonum dicitis, ecquaenam fieri possit accessio,
Cic. Fin. 4, 24, 67; cf. Quint. 7, 9, 12:
hoc ergo, credo, dubium est, uter nostrum sit verecundior,
Cic. Ac. 2, 41, 126:
hoc enim dubium est, utrum... an,
Quint. 6, 3, 83:
Ambiorix copias suas judicione non conduxerit... an tempore exclusus, dubium est,
Caes. B. G. 6, 31, 1:
an dubium vobis fuit inesse vis aliqua videretur necne?
Cic. Caecin. 11, 31 et saep.—Since the Aug. per. freq. dubium, absol. and adv.:
codicilli, dubium ad quem scripti,
Quint. 7, 2, 52:
quo postquam dubium pius an sceleratus, Orestes venerat,
Ov. Tr. 4, 4, 69; Suet. Caes. 58; id. Aug. 28; id. Tib. 10; Flor. 1, 1, 12; 2, 14, 3:
Erechtheus, Justitiā dubium validisne potentior armis,
Ov. M. 6, 678; cf. id. Pont. 3, 1, 17:
neque multo post exstincto Maximo, dubium an quaesita morte,
Tac. A. 1, 5; Flor. 1, 1, 8; 4, 2, 91 al.—(dd) Non dubium est quin uxorem nolit filius, Ter. And. 1, 2, 1; id. Eun. 5, 6, 27; Cic. de Or. 2, 8, 32; id. Att. 13, 45; Quint. 11, 2, 10 et saep.:
haud dubium est, quin,
Ter. And. 2, 3, 17; 3, 2, 50; id. Ad. 5, 9, 19;
and interrog.,
Quint. 3, 2, 1; 10, 1, 5. —(ee) With acc. and inf.:
periisso me una haud dubium est,
Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 46; so Liv. 38, 6; Suet. Caes. 52 fin.; cf.
interrog.: an dubium tibi est, eam esse hanc?
Plaut. Mil. 2, 5, 9.—Ellipt.:
si exploratum tibi sit posse te, etc., non esse cunctandum: si dubium sit, non esse conandum,
Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 5.—
(β).
Dubium habere, to regard as uncertain, to doubt:
an tu dubium habebis, etiam sancte quom jurem tibi?
Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 112:
an dubium habetis, num obficere quid vobis possit? etc.,
Sall. H. Fragm. III. 61, 8 Dietsch; cf.:
haec habere dubia, neque, etc.,
Cic. Ac. 2, 9 fin. —
(γ).
In dubium:
in dubium vocare,
to call in question, Cic. de Or. 2, 34; cf.: illud me dixisse nemo vocabit in dubium, Asin. Pollio ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 31, 5. Vid. also under 3. b.:
venire in dubium,
Cic. Quint. 2; id. ib. 21, 67; Liv. 3, 13; cf.:
alii non veniunt in dubium de voluntate,
i. e. there is no doubt what their wish is, Cic. Att. 11, 15, 2. Vid. also under 3. b.—
(δ).
In dubio, in doubt, in question, undetermined:
dum in dubio est animus,
Ter. And. 1, 5, 31; cf. Luc. 7, 247:
in dubioque fuere utrorum ad regna cadendum esset, etc.,
Lucr. 3, 836; cf. id. 1085; Quint. 7, 9, 9:
aestate potius quam hieme dandum, non est in dubio,
Plin. 25, 5, 24, § 59 et saep.:
ut in dubio poneret, utrum... an, etc.,
Liv. 34, 5. Vid. also 3. b.—
(ε).
Sine dubio, without doubt, doubtless, indisputably, certainly (very freq.; in Cic. more than twenty times; not in Caes. and Sall.): Th. Numquid dubitas quin? etc. Gn. Sine dubio, opinor, Ter. Eun. 5, 9, 14; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 2; 47; id. Cat. 2, 1; id. Balb. 24, 55; id. Tusc. 2, 7, 18; id. Off. 1, 29, 102; id. N. D. 1, 9, 23; id. Att. 1, 19, 2 et saep. Vid. the passages in Stuerenb. Cic. Off. p. 134 sq. Sometimes, esp. in Quint., with adversative particles: sed, verum, at, etc., no doubt, doubtless... but, yet, etc.: cum te togatis omnibus sine dubio anteferret... sed, etc.. Cic. N. D. 1, 21, 58; so with sed, id. de Or, 3, 57; Quint. 1, 6, 38; 5, 10, 53; 6, 3, 64;
with sed tamen,
id. 12, 6, 7;
with tamen,
id. 3, 8, 21; 5, 7, 28; 6, 4, 12;
with verum,
id. 8 prooem. § 33;
with at,
id. 8, 3, 67;
with autem,
id. 1, 6, 12 Spald.—
(ζ).
Procul dubio, beyond question, undoubtedly (very rare), Lucr. 3, 638; Liv. 39, 40 fin.; Plin. 18, 21, 50, § 187; and:
dubio procul,
Lucr. 1, 812; 2, 261.—
3.
Meton., like anceps (4), doubtful, dubious, i. e. precarious, dangerous, critical, difficult (freq. but mostly poet.):
res dubias, egenas, inopiosas consili,
critical condition, Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 2; so,
res,
id. Capt. 2, 3, 46; id. Most. 5, 1, 1; Sall. C. 10, 2; 39, 3; id. J. 14, 5; Liv. 2, 50 fin.; Tac. A. 2, 62; Verg. A. 6, 196; 11, 445 al.; cf.
pericla (with advorsae res),
Lucr. 3, 55; 1076:
tempora (opp. secunda),
Hor. C. 4, 9, 36:
mons erat ascensu dubius,
Prop. 4, 4, 83; cf.:
quae (loca) dubia nisu videbantur,
Sall. J. 94, 2.—
b.
In the neutr. absol. (i. q. discrimen, II. B. 2, and periculum):
mea quidem hercle certe in dubio vita est,
is in danger, Ter. And. 2, 2, 10 Ruhnk.; Sall. C. 52, 6; cf. Ov. Am. 2, 13, 2:
sese suas exercitusque fortunas in dubium non devocaturum,
Caes. B. G. 6, 7, 6; cf. Cic. Caecin. 27, 76:
tua fama et gnatae vita in dubium veniet,
Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 42; cf. id. ib. 2, 2, 35; Ov. H. 16, 138 Loers.— Plur. as subst.:
hinc Italae gentes in dubiis responsa petunt,
Verg. A. 7, 86:
mens dubiis percussa pavet,
Luc. 6, 596.
II.
For the syn. varius, manifold, various (only in the foll. passages): o multimodis variūm et dubiūm et prosperūm copem diem, Pac. ap. Non. 84, 23 (Trag. Rel. p. 115, ed. Rib.). And so prob. is to be explained dubia cena, a multifarious, richly provided supper, Ter. Ph. 2, 2, 28 (for the subjoined explanation of Terence: ubi tu dubites, quid sumas potissimum, is only outwardly adapted to the meaning of dubius); so,
dubia cena,
Hor. S. 2, 2, 77; and:
fercula dubiae cenae,
Aus. Mos. 102; Hier. Ep. 22, no. 16.—Hence, adv., in two forms.
(α).
dŭbĭe (acc. to I. B. 1.), doubtfully, dubiously (not in Plaut., Ter., or Caes.):
potest accidere, ut aliquod signum dubie datum pro certo sit acceptum,
Cic. Div. 1, 55.—Esp. freq. (particularly since the Aug. per.) with negatives: haud (rarely non) dubie, undoubtedly, indisputably, positively, certainly:
etsi non dubie mihi nuntiabatur Parthos transisse Euphratem, tamen, etc.,
Cic. Fam. 15, 1 (nowhere else as an adv. in Cic.):
non dubie,
Quint. 7, 2, 6; 9, 4, 67; Front. Strat. 2, 3, 16; and with sed (cf. dubius, I. B. 2. b. e), Quint. 11, 2, 1; so,
too, nec dubie,
Liv. 2, 23 fin.; Quint. 2, 14, 2;
and with verum,
id. 3, 4, 1;
with sed,
Tac. A. 4, 19 fin.: haud dubie jam victor, [p. 615] Sall. J. 102, 1 (cf. on the contrary in Cic.: sine ulla dubitatione hostis, Phil. 14, 4, 10; cf. Liv. 3, 38; Cic. Cat. 4, 3, 5); so,
haud dubie,
Liv. 1, 9; 13; 3, 24; 38; 53; 4, 2; 23; 5, 10 fin.; 33 fin.; 49 fin. et saep. (about 70 times; see the passages in Stuerenb. Cic. Off. p. 138); Quint. 10, 1, 85; Tac. A. 2, 43; 88; id. H. 1, 7; 46; 72; 3, 86; 4, 27 fin.; 80; id. G. 28; Suet. Caes. 55; id. Calig. 9; id. Galb. 2; Vulg. Lev. 13, 43.—
(β).
dubio = dubie, App. M. 9, 2.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > dubio
42 dubium

dŭbĭus, a, um, adj. [for duhibius, duohabeo, held as two or double, i. e. doubtful; cf. dubito, Corss. Ausspr. 2, 1027].
I.
Moving in two directions alternately, vibrating to and fro, fluctuating (cf. ambiguus, anceps, incertus, perplexus, duplex).
A.
Lit. (very rare):
ut vas non quit constare, nisi humor Destitit in dubio fluctu jactarier intus,
Lucr. 6, 556; cf.:
fluctibus dubiis volvi coeptum est mare,
Liv. 37, 16, 4.—Far more freq. and class.,
B.
Trop., vacillating in mind, uncertain.
1.
Act.
a.
Wavering in opinion, doubting, doubtful, dubious, uncertain, = ambigens, haesitans, etc.:
sin est is homo, anni multi me dubiam dant,
Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 17:
quae res est, quae cujusquam animum in hac causa dubium facere possit?
Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 10.— With an interrog. clause, A. and S. Gr. §
213 R. 4 (1.): temptat dubiam mentem rationis egestas, ecquae nam fuerit mundi genitalis origo,
Lucr. 5, 1211; cf.:
equites procul visi ab dubiis, quinam essent,
Liv. 4, 40:
dubius sum, quid faciam,
Hor. S. 1, 9, 40:
dubius, unde rumperet silentium,
id. Epod. 5, 85:
spemque metumque inter dubii, seu vivere credant, Sive extrema pati,
Verg. A. 1, 218; cf. Liv. 1, 42:
Philippus non dubius, quin, etc.,
id. 31, 42:
haud dubius quin,
id. 42, 14; Curt. 5, 12.—With acc. and inf.:
dictator minime dubius, bellum cum his populis Patres jussuros,
Liv. 6, 14; so,
haud dubius,
id. 31, 24; Curt. 9, 7:
nec sum animi dubius, verbis ea vincere magnum Quam sit,
well aware how hard it is, Verg. G. 3, 289; so,
dubius with the genitives animi, Auct. B. Alex. 56, 2: mentis,
Ov. F. 6, 572:
consilii,
Just. 2, 13:
sententiae,
Liv. 33, 25 Drak.:
salutis,
Ov. M. 15, 438:
vitae,
id. Tr. 3, 3, 25:
fati,
Luc. 7, 611 al.; cf. Zumpt, Gr. § 437; A. and S. Gr. § 213 R. 1 ( a.).—
b.
Wavering in resolution, irresolute, undecided (very rare):
dubio atque haesitante Jugurtha incolumes transeunt,
Sall. J. 107, 6; cf.
hostes (opp. firmi),
id. ib. 51 fin.:
nutantes ac dubiae civitates,
Suet. Caes. 4 fin.:
quid faciat dubius,
Ov. M. 8, 441.— Poet. transf.:
cuspis,
Sil. 4, 188.—
2.
Pass., that is doubted of, uncertain, doubtful, dubious, undetermined (so most freq. in all periods and kinds of composition):
videsne igitur, quae dubia sint, ea sumi pro certis atque concessis?
Cic. Div. 2, 51, 106; cf. id. ib. 2, 50 fin.; id. Fin. 4, 24, 67; id. de Or. 1, 20, 92; id. Mur. 32, 68; Quint. 3, 4, 8; 7, 8, 6:
nihil aegrius est quam res secernere apertas Ab dubiis,
Lucr. 4, 468 (cf. verba, vague language, opp. aperta, Quint. 7, 2, 48):
jus, opp. certum,
id. 12, 3, 6;
opp. confessum,
id. 7, 7, 7:
in regno, ubi ne obscura quidem est aut dubia servitus,
Cic. Rep. 1, 31:
dubium vel anceps genus causarum,
Quint. 4, 1, 40; cf. id. 9, 2, 69: dubii variique casus, Auct. ap. Cic. Clu. 21, 58:
et incerta societas,
Suet. Aug. 17 et saep.:
quia sciebam dubiam esse fortunam scenicam, Ter. Hec. prol. alt. 8: salus (opp. aperta pernicies),
Cic. N. D. 3, 27, 69:
spes pacis,
id. Att. 8, 13:
victoria,
Caes. B. G. 7, 80, 6; cf.:
victoria, praeda, laus,
Sall. J. 85, 48:
Marte,
Vell. 2, 55, 3:
spes armorum,
id. 2, 71:
discrimen pugnae,
indecisive, Sil. 5, 519:
proelia,
Tac. G. 6:
auctor,
unknown, Ov. M. 12, 61 et saep.:
an auspicia repetenda, ne quid dubiis diis agerem?
i. e. unassured of their favor, Liv. 8, 32:
dubii socii suspensaeque ex fortuna fidei (opp. fideles socii and certi hostes),
id. 44, 18; cf. Caes. B. C. 1, 3, 5:
Hispaniae,
Tac. A. 3, 44; cf.:
gens dubiae ad id voluntatis,
Liv. 9, 15:
lux,
i. e. morning twilight, dawn, Ov. M. 11, 596:
sidera,
Juv. 5, 22; cf.
nox,
evening twilight, Ov. M. 4, 401:
caelum,
i. e. over cast, Verg. G. 1, 252:
fulgor solis,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 670; cf.:
et quasi languidus dies,
Plin. Ep. 6, 20, 6:
dubiāque tegens lanugine malas,
i. e. between down and a beard, Ov. M. 9, 398; 13, 754; cf.:
dubia lanuginis umbra, Claud. Epith. Pall. et Cel. 42: vina,
not sure to ripen, Plin. 18, 31, 74, § 319:
consilia,
wavering, Tac. Agr. 18 et saep.:
hunc annum sequitur annus haud dubiis consulibus (shortly thereafter the contrary: Papirius Semproniusque, quorum de consulatu dubitabatur),
Liv. 4, 8; so,
haud dubius praetor,
id. 39, 39 fin.:
haud dubii hostes,
open enemies, id. 37, 49:
haud dubii Galli (opp. degeneres, mixti, Gallograeci vere),
id. 38, 17: cena dubia, see below, II.—
b.
In the neutr. absol.
(α).
(Non, haud) dubium est, it is ( not, not at all) doubtful, uncertain, undecided. (aa) Absol.:
si quid erit dubium,
Plaut. Ep. 5, 1, 40:
haud dubium id quidem est,
id. Poen. 3, 4, 27; Ter. And. 2, 3, 25; cf.
in the interrog.: o! dubiumne id est?
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 49; id. Heaut. 3, 3, 46; id. Phorm. 5, 2, 9; and with the dat.:
an dubium id tibi est?
Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 38; Cic. Fam. 4, 15.—(bb) With de:
de Pompeii exitu mihi dubium numquam fuit,
Cic. Att. 11, 6, 5; so,
de eorum jure,
id. de Or. 1, 57:
de re,
Quint. 7, 3, 4; cf. id. 7, 6, 3.—(ng) With an interrog. clause:
illud dubium (est), ad id, quod summum bonum dicitis, ecquaenam fieri possit accessio,
Cic. Fin. 4, 24, 67; cf. Quint. 7, 9, 12:
hoc ergo, credo, dubium est, uter nostrum sit verecundior,
Cic. Ac. 2, 41, 126:
hoc enim dubium est, utrum... an,
Quint. 6, 3, 83:
Ambiorix copias suas judicione non conduxerit... an tempore exclusus, dubium est,
Caes. B. G. 6, 31, 1:
an dubium vobis fuit inesse vis aliqua videretur necne?
Cic. Caecin. 11, 31 et saep.—Since the Aug. per. freq. dubium, absol. and adv.:
codicilli, dubium ad quem scripti,
Quint. 7, 2, 52:
quo postquam dubium pius an sceleratus, Orestes venerat,
Ov. Tr. 4, 4, 69; Suet. Caes. 58; id. Aug. 28; id. Tib. 10; Flor. 1, 1, 12; 2, 14, 3:
Erechtheus, Justitiā dubium validisne potentior armis,
Ov. M. 6, 678; cf. id. Pont. 3, 1, 17:
neque multo post exstincto Maximo, dubium an quaesita morte,
Tac. A. 1, 5; Flor. 1, 1, 8; 4, 2, 91 al.—(dd) Non dubium est quin uxorem nolit filius, Ter. And. 1, 2, 1; id. Eun. 5, 6, 27; Cic. de Or. 2, 8, 32; id. Att. 13, 45; Quint. 11, 2, 10 et saep.:
haud dubium est, quin,
Ter. And. 2, 3, 17; 3, 2, 50; id. Ad. 5, 9, 19;
and interrog.,
Quint. 3, 2, 1; 10, 1, 5. —(ee) With acc. and inf.:
periisso me una haud dubium est,
Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 46; so Liv. 38, 6; Suet. Caes. 52 fin.; cf.
interrog.: an dubium tibi est, eam esse hanc?
Plaut. Mil. 2, 5, 9.—Ellipt.:
si exploratum tibi sit posse te, etc., non esse cunctandum: si dubium sit, non esse conandum,
Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 5.—
(β).
Dubium habere, to regard as uncertain, to doubt:
an tu dubium habebis, etiam sancte quom jurem tibi?
Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 112:
an dubium habetis, num obficere quid vobis possit? etc.,
Sall. H. Fragm. III. 61, 8 Dietsch; cf.:
haec habere dubia, neque, etc.,
Cic. Ac. 2, 9 fin. —
(γ).
In dubium:
in dubium vocare,
to call in question, Cic. de Or. 2, 34; cf.: illud me dixisse nemo vocabit in dubium, Asin. Pollio ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 31, 5. Vid. also under 3. b.:
venire in dubium,
Cic. Quint. 2; id. ib. 21, 67; Liv. 3, 13; cf.:
alii non veniunt in dubium de voluntate,
i. e. there is no doubt what their wish is, Cic. Att. 11, 15, 2. Vid. also under 3. b.—
(δ).
In dubio, in doubt, in question, undetermined:
dum in dubio est animus,
Ter. And. 1, 5, 31; cf. Luc. 7, 247:
in dubioque fuere utrorum ad regna cadendum esset, etc.,
Lucr. 3, 836; cf. id. 1085; Quint. 7, 9, 9:
aestate potius quam hieme dandum, non est in dubio,
Plin. 25, 5, 24, § 59 et saep.:
ut in dubio poneret, utrum... an, etc.,
Liv. 34, 5. Vid. also 3. b.—
(ε).
Sine dubio, without doubt, doubtless, indisputably, certainly (very freq.; in Cic. more than twenty times; not in Caes. and Sall.): Th. Numquid dubitas quin? etc. Gn. Sine dubio, opinor, Ter. Eun. 5, 9, 14; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 2; 47; id. Cat. 2, 1; id. Balb. 24, 55; id. Tusc. 2, 7, 18; id. Off. 1, 29, 102; id. N. D. 1, 9, 23; id. Att. 1, 19, 2 et saep. Vid. the passages in Stuerenb. Cic. Off. p. 134 sq. Sometimes, esp. in Quint., with adversative particles: sed, verum, at, etc., no doubt, doubtless... but, yet, etc.: cum te togatis omnibus sine dubio anteferret... sed, etc.. Cic. N. D. 1, 21, 58; so with sed, id. de Or, 3, 57; Quint. 1, 6, 38; 5, 10, 53; 6, 3, 64;
with sed tamen,
id. 12, 6, 7;
with tamen,
id. 3, 8, 21; 5, 7, 28; 6, 4, 12;
with verum,
id. 8 prooem. § 33;
with at,
id. 8, 3, 67;
with autem,
id. 1, 6, 12 Spald.—
(ζ).
Procul dubio, beyond question, undoubtedly (very rare), Lucr. 3, 638; Liv. 39, 40 fin.; Plin. 18, 21, 50, § 187; and:
dubio procul,
Lucr. 1, 812; 2, 261.—
3.
Meton., like anceps (4), doubtful, dubious, i. e. precarious, dangerous, critical, difficult (freq. but mostly poet.):
res dubias, egenas, inopiosas consili,
critical condition, Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 2; so,
res,
id. Capt. 2, 3, 46; id. Most. 5, 1, 1; Sall. C. 10, 2; 39, 3; id. J. 14, 5; Liv. 2, 50 fin.; Tac. A. 2, 62; Verg. A. 6, 196; 11, 445 al.; cf.
pericla (with advorsae res),
Lucr. 3, 55; 1076:
tempora (opp. secunda),
Hor. C. 4, 9, 36:
mons erat ascensu dubius,
Prop. 4, 4, 83; cf.:
quae (loca) dubia nisu videbantur,
Sall. J. 94, 2.—
b.
In the neutr. absol. (i. q. discrimen, II. B. 2, and periculum):
mea quidem hercle certe in dubio vita est,
is in danger, Ter. And. 2, 2, 10 Ruhnk.; Sall. C. 52, 6; cf. Ov. Am. 2, 13, 2:
sese suas exercitusque fortunas in dubium non devocaturum,
Caes. B. G. 6, 7, 6; cf. Cic. Caecin. 27, 76:
tua fama et gnatae vita in dubium veniet,
Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 42; cf. id. ib. 2, 2, 35; Ov. H. 16, 138 Loers.— Plur. as subst.:
hinc Italae gentes in dubiis responsa petunt,
Verg. A. 7, 86:
mens dubiis percussa pavet,
Luc. 6, 596.
II.
For the syn. varius, manifold, various (only in the foll. passages): o multimodis variūm et dubiūm et prosperūm copem diem, Pac. ap. Non. 84, 23 (Trag. Rel. p. 115, ed. Rib.). And so prob. is to be explained dubia cena, a multifarious, richly provided supper, Ter. Ph. 2, 2, 28 (for the subjoined explanation of Terence: ubi tu dubites, quid sumas potissimum, is only outwardly adapted to the meaning of dubius); so,
dubia cena,
Hor. S. 2, 2, 77; and:
fercula dubiae cenae,
Aus. Mos. 102; Hier. Ep. 22, no. 16.—Hence, adv., in two forms.
(α).
dŭbĭe (acc. to I. B. 1.), doubtfully, dubiously (not in Plaut., Ter., or Caes.):
potest accidere, ut aliquod signum dubie datum pro certo sit acceptum,
Cic. Div. 1, 55.—Esp. freq. (particularly since the Aug. per.) with negatives: haud (rarely non) dubie, undoubtedly, indisputably, positively, certainly:
etsi non dubie mihi nuntiabatur Parthos transisse Euphratem, tamen, etc.,
Cic. Fam. 15, 1 (nowhere else as an adv. in Cic.):
non dubie,
Quint. 7, 2, 6; 9, 4, 67; Front. Strat. 2, 3, 16; and with sed (cf. dubius, I. B. 2. b. e), Quint. 11, 2, 1; so,
too, nec dubie,
Liv. 2, 23 fin.; Quint. 2, 14, 2;
and with verum,
id. 3, 4, 1;
with sed,
Tac. A. 4, 19 fin.: haud dubie jam victor, [p. 615] Sall. J. 102, 1 (cf. on the contrary in Cic.: sine ulla dubitatione hostis, Phil. 14, 4, 10; cf. Liv. 3, 38; Cic. Cat. 4, 3, 5); so,
haud dubie,
Liv. 1, 9; 13; 3, 24; 38; 53; 4, 2; 23; 5, 10 fin.; 33 fin.; 49 fin. et saep. (about 70 times; see the passages in Stuerenb. Cic. Off. p. 138); Quint. 10, 1, 85; Tac. A. 2, 43; 88; id. H. 1, 7; 46; 72; 3, 86; 4, 27 fin.; 80; id. G. 28; Suet. Caes. 55; id. Calig. 9; id. Galb. 2; Vulg. Lev. 13, 43.—
(β).
dubio = dubie, App. M. 9, 2.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > dubium
43 dubius

dŭbĭus, a, um, adj. [for duhibius, duohabeo, held as two or double, i. e. doubtful; cf. dubito, Corss. Ausspr. 2, 1027].
I.
Moving in two directions alternately, vibrating to and fro, fluctuating (cf. ambiguus, anceps, incertus, perplexus, duplex).
A.
Lit. (very rare):
ut vas non quit constare, nisi humor Destitit in dubio fluctu jactarier intus,
Lucr. 6, 556; cf.:
fluctibus dubiis volvi coeptum est mare,
Liv. 37, 16, 4.—Far more freq. and class.,
B.
Trop., vacillating in mind, uncertain.
1.
Act.
a.
Wavering in opinion, doubting, doubtful, dubious, uncertain, = ambigens, haesitans, etc.:
sin est is homo, anni multi me dubiam dant,
Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 17:
quae res est, quae cujusquam animum in hac causa dubium facere possit?
Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 10.— With an interrog. clause, A. and S. Gr. §
213 R. 4 (1.): temptat dubiam mentem rationis egestas, ecquae nam fuerit mundi genitalis origo,
Lucr. 5, 1211; cf.:
equites procul visi ab dubiis, quinam essent,
Liv. 4, 40:
dubius sum, quid faciam,
Hor. S. 1, 9, 40:
dubius, unde rumperet silentium,
id. Epod. 5, 85:
spemque metumque inter dubii, seu vivere credant, Sive extrema pati,
Verg. A. 1, 218; cf. Liv. 1, 42:
Philippus non dubius, quin, etc.,
id. 31, 42:
haud dubius quin,
id. 42, 14; Curt. 5, 12.—With acc. and inf.:
dictator minime dubius, bellum cum his populis Patres jussuros,
Liv. 6, 14; so,
haud dubius,
id. 31, 24; Curt. 9, 7:
nec sum animi dubius, verbis ea vincere magnum Quam sit,
well aware how hard it is, Verg. G. 3, 289; so,
dubius with the genitives animi, Auct. B. Alex. 56, 2: mentis,
Ov. F. 6, 572:
consilii,
Just. 2, 13:
sententiae,
Liv. 33, 25 Drak.:
salutis,
Ov. M. 15, 438:
vitae,
id. Tr. 3, 3, 25:
fati,
Luc. 7, 611 al.; cf. Zumpt, Gr. § 437; A. and S. Gr. § 213 R. 1 ( a.).—
b.
Wavering in resolution, irresolute, undecided (very rare):
dubio atque haesitante Jugurtha incolumes transeunt,
Sall. J. 107, 6; cf.
hostes (opp. firmi),
id. ib. 51 fin.:
nutantes ac dubiae civitates,
Suet. Caes. 4 fin.:
quid faciat dubius,
Ov. M. 8, 441.— Poet. transf.:
cuspis,
Sil. 4, 188.—
2.
Pass., that is doubted of, uncertain, doubtful, dubious, undetermined (so most freq. in all periods and kinds of composition):
videsne igitur, quae dubia sint, ea sumi pro certis atque concessis?
Cic. Div. 2, 51, 106; cf. id. ib. 2, 50 fin.; id. Fin. 4, 24, 67; id. de Or. 1, 20, 92; id. Mur. 32, 68; Quint. 3, 4, 8; 7, 8, 6:
nihil aegrius est quam res secernere apertas Ab dubiis,
Lucr. 4, 468 (cf. verba, vague language, opp. aperta, Quint. 7, 2, 48):
jus, opp. certum,
id. 12, 3, 6;
opp. confessum,
id. 7, 7, 7:
in regno, ubi ne obscura quidem est aut dubia servitus,
Cic. Rep. 1, 31:
dubium vel anceps genus causarum,
Quint. 4, 1, 40; cf. id. 9, 2, 69: dubii variique casus, Auct. ap. Cic. Clu. 21, 58:
et incerta societas,
Suet. Aug. 17 et saep.:
quia sciebam dubiam esse fortunam scenicam, Ter. Hec. prol. alt. 8: salus (opp. aperta pernicies),
Cic. N. D. 3, 27, 69:
spes pacis,
id. Att. 8, 13:
victoria,
Caes. B. G. 7, 80, 6; cf.:
victoria, praeda, laus,
Sall. J. 85, 48:
Marte,
Vell. 2, 55, 3:
spes armorum,
id. 2, 71:
discrimen pugnae,
indecisive, Sil. 5, 519:
proelia,
Tac. G. 6:
auctor,
unknown, Ov. M. 12, 61 et saep.:
an auspicia repetenda, ne quid dubiis diis agerem?
i. e. unassured of their favor, Liv. 8, 32:
dubii socii suspensaeque ex fortuna fidei (opp. fideles socii and certi hostes),
id. 44, 18; cf. Caes. B. C. 1, 3, 5:
Hispaniae,
Tac. A. 3, 44; cf.:
gens dubiae ad id voluntatis,
Liv. 9, 15:
lux,
i. e. morning twilight, dawn, Ov. M. 11, 596:
sidera,
Juv. 5, 22; cf.
nox,
evening twilight, Ov. M. 4, 401:
caelum,
i. e. over cast, Verg. G. 1, 252:
fulgor solis,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 670; cf.:
et quasi languidus dies,
Plin. Ep. 6, 20, 6:
dubiāque tegens lanugine malas,
i. e. between down and a beard, Ov. M. 9, 398; 13, 754; cf.:
dubia lanuginis umbra, Claud. Epith. Pall. et Cel. 42: vina,
not sure to ripen, Plin. 18, 31, 74, § 319:
consilia,
wavering, Tac. Agr. 18 et saep.:
hunc annum sequitur annus haud dubiis consulibus (shortly thereafter the contrary: Papirius Semproniusque, quorum de consulatu dubitabatur),
Liv. 4, 8; so,
haud dubius praetor,
id. 39, 39 fin.:
haud dubii hostes,
open enemies, id. 37, 49:
haud dubii Galli (opp. degeneres, mixti, Gallograeci vere),
id. 38, 17: cena dubia, see below, II.—
b.
In the neutr. absol.
(α).
(Non, haud) dubium est, it is ( not, not at all) doubtful, uncertain, undecided. (aa) Absol.:
si quid erit dubium,
Plaut. Ep. 5, 1, 40:
haud dubium id quidem est,
id. Poen. 3, 4, 27; Ter. And. 2, 3, 25; cf.
in the interrog.: o! dubiumne id est?
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 49; id. Heaut. 3, 3, 46; id. Phorm. 5, 2, 9; and with the dat.:
an dubium id tibi est?
Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 38; Cic. Fam. 4, 15.—(bb) With de:
de Pompeii exitu mihi dubium numquam fuit,
Cic. Att. 11, 6, 5; so,
de eorum jure,
id. de Or. 1, 57:
de re,
Quint. 7, 3, 4; cf. id. 7, 6, 3.—(ng) With an interrog. clause:
illud dubium (est), ad id, quod summum bonum dicitis, ecquaenam fieri possit accessio,
Cic. Fin. 4, 24, 67; cf. Quint. 7, 9, 12:
hoc ergo, credo, dubium est, uter nostrum sit verecundior,
Cic. Ac. 2, 41, 126:
hoc enim dubium est, utrum... an,
Quint. 6, 3, 83:
Ambiorix copias suas judicione non conduxerit... an tempore exclusus, dubium est,
Caes. B. G. 6, 31, 1:
an dubium vobis fuit inesse vis aliqua videretur necne?
Cic. Caecin. 11, 31 et saep.—Since the Aug. per. freq. dubium, absol. and adv.:
codicilli, dubium ad quem scripti,
Quint. 7, 2, 52:
quo postquam dubium pius an sceleratus, Orestes venerat,
Ov. Tr. 4, 4, 69; Suet. Caes. 58; id. Aug. 28; id. Tib. 10; Flor. 1, 1, 12; 2, 14, 3:
Erechtheus, Justitiā dubium validisne potentior armis,
Ov. M. 6, 678; cf. id. Pont. 3, 1, 17:
neque multo post exstincto Maximo, dubium an quaesita morte,
Tac. A. 1, 5; Flor. 1, 1, 8; 4, 2, 91 al.—(dd) Non dubium est quin uxorem nolit filius, Ter. And. 1, 2, 1; id. Eun. 5, 6, 27; Cic. de Or. 2, 8, 32; id. Att. 13, 45; Quint. 11, 2, 10 et saep.:
haud dubium est, quin,
Ter. And. 2, 3, 17; 3, 2, 50; id. Ad. 5, 9, 19;
and interrog.,
Quint. 3, 2, 1; 10, 1, 5. —(ee) With acc. and inf.:
periisso me una haud dubium est,
Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 46; so Liv. 38, 6; Suet. Caes. 52 fin.; cf.
interrog.: an dubium tibi est, eam esse hanc?
Plaut. Mil. 2, 5, 9.—Ellipt.:
si exploratum tibi sit posse te, etc., non esse cunctandum: si dubium sit, non esse conandum,
Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 5.—
(β).
Dubium habere, to regard as uncertain, to doubt:
an tu dubium habebis, etiam sancte quom jurem tibi?
Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 112:
an dubium habetis, num obficere quid vobis possit? etc.,
Sall. H. Fragm. III. 61, 8 Dietsch; cf.:
haec habere dubia, neque, etc.,
Cic. Ac. 2, 9 fin. —
(γ).
In dubium:
in dubium vocare,
to call in question, Cic. de Or. 2, 34; cf.: illud me dixisse nemo vocabit in dubium, Asin. Pollio ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 31, 5. Vid. also under 3. b.:
venire in dubium,
Cic. Quint. 2; id. ib. 21, 67; Liv. 3, 13; cf.:
alii non veniunt in dubium de voluntate,
i. e. there is no doubt what their wish is, Cic. Att. 11, 15, 2. Vid. also under 3. b.—
(δ).
In dubio, in doubt, in question, undetermined:
dum in dubio est animus,
Ter. And. 1, 5, 31; cf. Luc. 7, 247:
in dubioque fuere utrorum ad regna cadendum esset, etc.,
Lucr. 3, 836; cf. id. 1085; Quint. 7, 9, 9:
aestate potius quam hieme dandum, non est in dubio,
Plin. 25, 5, 24, § 59 et saep.:
ut in dubio poneret, utrum... an, etc.,
Liv. 34, 5. Vid. also 3. b.—
(ε).
Sine dubio, without doubt, doubtless, indisputably, certainly (very freq.; in Cic. more than twenty times; not in Caes. and Sall.): Th. Numquid dubitas quin? etc. Gn. Sine dubio, opinor, Ter. Eun. 5, 9, 14; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 2; 47; id. Cat. 2, 1; id. Balb. 24, 55; id. Tusc. 2, 7, 18; id. Off. 1, 29, 102; id. N. D. 1, 9, 23; id. Att. 1, 19, 2 et saep. Vid. the passages in Stuerenb. Cic. Off. p. 134 sq. Sometimes, esp. in Quint., with adversative particles: sed, verum, at, etc., no doubt, doubtless... but, yet, etc.: cum te togatis omnibus sine dubio anteferret... sed, etc.. Cic. N. D. 1, 21, 58; so with sed, id. de Or, 3, 57; Quint. 1, 6, 38; 5, 10, 53; 6, 3, 64;
with sed tamen,
id. 12, 6, 7;
with tamen,
id. 3, 8, 21; 5, 7, 28; 6, 4, 12;
with verum,
id. 8 prooem. § 33;
with at,
id. 8, 3, 67;
with autem,
id. 1, 6, 12 Spald.—
(ζ).
Procul dubio, beyond question, undoubtedly (very rare), Lucr. 3, 638; Liv. 39, 40 fin.; Plin. 18, 21, 50, § 187; and:
dubio procul,
Lucr. 1, 812; 2, 261.—
3.
Meton., like anceps (4), doubtful, dubious, i. e. precarious, dangerous, critical, difficult (freq. but mostly poet.):
res dubias, egenas, inopiosas consili,
critical condition, Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 2; so,
res,
id. Capt. 2, 3, 46; id. Most. 5, 1, 1; Sall. C. 10, 2; 39, 3; id. J. 14, 5; Liv. 2, 50 fin.; Tac. A. 2, 62; Verg. A. 6, 196; 11, 445 al.; cf.
pericla (with advorsae res),
Lucr. 3, 55; 1076:
tempora (opp. secunda),
Hor. C. 4, 9, 36:
mons erat ascensu dubius,
Prop. 4, 4, 83; cf.:
quae (loca) dubia nisu videbantur,
Sall. J. 94, 2.—
b.
In the neutr. absol. (i. q. discrimen, II. B. 2, and periculum):
mea quidem hercle certe in dubio vita est,
is in danger, Ter. And. 2, 2, 10 Ruhnk.; Sall. C. 52, 6; cf. Ov. Am. 2, 13, 2:
sese suas exercitusque fortunas in dubium non devocaturum,
Caes. B. G. 6, 7, 6; cf. Cic. Caecin. 27, 76:
tua fama et gnatae vita in dubium veniet,
Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 42; cf. id. ib. 2, 2, 35; Ov. H. 16, 138 Loers.— Plur. as subst.:
hinc Italae gentes in dubiis responsa petunt,
Verg. A. 7, 86:
mens dubiis percussa pavet,
Luc. 6, 596.
II.
For the syn. varius, manifold, various (only in the foll. passages): o multimodis variūm et dubiūm et prosperūm copem diem, Pac. ap. Non. 84, 23 (Trag. Rel. p. 115, ed. Rib.). And so prob. is to be explained dubia cena, a multifarious, richly provided supper, Ter. Ph. 2, 2, 28 (for the subjoined explanation of Terence: ubi tu dubites, quid sumas potissimum, is only outwardly adapted to the meaning of dubius); so,
dubia cena,
Hor. S. 2, 2, 77; and:
fercula dubiae cenae,
Aus. Mos. 102; Hier. Ep. 22, no. 16.—Hence, adv., in two forms.
(α).
dŭbĭe (acc. to I. B. 1.), doubtfully, dubiously (not in Plaut., Ter., or Caes.):
potest accidere, ut aliquod signum dubie datum pro certo sit acceptum,
Cic. Div. 1, 55.—Esp. freq. (particularly since the Aug. per.) with negatives: haud (rarely non) dubie, undoubtedly, indisputably, positively, certainly:
etsi non dubie mihi nuntiabatur Parthos transisse Euphratem, tamen, etc.,
Cic. Fam. 15, 1 (nowhere else as an adv. in Cic.):
non dubie,
Quint. 7, 2, 6; 9, 4, 67; Front. Strat. 2, 3, 16; and with sed (cf. dubius, I. B. 2. b. e), Quint. 11, 2, 1; so,
too, nec dubie,
Liv. 2, 23 fin.; Quint. 2, 14, 2;
and with verum,
id. 3, 4, 1;
with sed,
Tac. A. 4, 19 fin.: haud dubie jam victor, [p. 615] Sall. J. 102, 1 (cf. on the contrary in Cic.: sine ulla dubitatione hostis, Phil. 14, 4, 10; cf. Liv. 3, 38; Cic. Cat. 4, 3, 5); so,
haud dubie,
Liv. 1, 9; 13; 3, 24; 38; 53; 4, 2; 23; 5, 10 fin.; 33 fin.; 49 fin. et saep. (about 70 times; see the passages in Stuerenb. Cic. Off. p. 138); Quint. 10, 1, 85; Tac. A. 2, 43; 88; id. H. 1, 7; 46; 72; 3, 86; 4, 27 fin.; 80; id. G. 28; Suet. Caes. 55; id. Calig. 9; id. Galb. 2; Vulg. Lev. 13, 43.—
(β).
dubio = dubie, App. M. 9, 2.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > dubius
44 eripio

ē-rĭpĭo, ĭpŭi, eptum, 3, v. a. [rapio], to snatch, tear, or pull out; to snatch away, take away (freq. and class.; cf.: capio, prehendo, sumo, demo, adimo, rapio, furor).
I.
Lit.
A.
In gen.:
tibias ex ore,
Plaut. Stich. 5, 4, 36; cf.:
bolum e faucibus,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 2, 6:
hirundines ex nido,
Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 67; 3, 1, 8: ex manibus alicujus, Cass. ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 13, 1; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 4, § 9:
torrem ab igne,
Ov. M. 8, 457:
ensem vaginā,
Verg. A. 4, 579 et saep.: aliena bona, Plaut. Pers. 1, 2, 11; so,
vela, armamenta, copias,
Caes. B. G. 3, 14, 7; 6, 30, 2; 7, 54, 3:
nubem,
Verg. A. 2, 606:
purgamenta hortorum,
to carry away, Tac. A. 11, 32 fin. et saep.:
aliquem, etc.,
to deliver, set free, Plaut. Men. 5, 8, 3; 5; Caes. B. C. 3, 110, 4; Liv. 2, 54 al.; cf.:
aliquem e manibus hostium,
Caes. B. G. 1, 53, 6; Liv. 5, 51; 41, 14:
Abydenos ex obsidione,
id. 31, 16:
aliquem ex periculo,
Caes. B. G. 4, 12, 5; cf.:
istum fortuna ex illo periculo eripuit,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 28, § 71:
aliquem ex vinculis,
Curt. 4, 14, 22: aliquem ex miseriis, Crassus ap. Cic. de Or. 1, 52:
aliquem ex media morte,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 6; cf.:
filium a morte,
id. Div. 2, 10:
praedam de manibus,
id. Cat. 2, 1, 2:
istum de vestra severitate,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 67;
but: ex severitate alicujus,
id. ib. 2, 3, 36, §
83: aliquem malis,
Verg. A. 6, 365 al.:
erepto ex equo C. Flaminio,
Liv. 23, 45:
oculum alicui,
Plaut. Men. 5, 7, 22; Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 20:
gladium isti,
Plaut. Cas. 3, 5, 7:
classem Caesari,
Caes. B. C. 3, 111, 4 al.:
concubinam militi,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 2, 2:
aliquem (aliquam) alicui,
id. Merc. 5, 4, 12; id. Rud. 3, 4, 7; Ter. Ad. prol. 8; 2, 2, 30; Cic. Lael. 27, 102 al.—Less freq.:
aliquem ab aliquo,
Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 30; id. Eun. 4, 6, 1; 14; so,
ereptis ab eo duabus legionibus,
Caes. B. C. 1, 2, 3:
a Trisensibus plus lucri,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 38, § 86; 2, 1, 10, § 27. —
b.
With se, to take one's self off, to flee, escape:
per eos, ne causam diceret, se eripuit,
Caes. B. G. 1, 4, 2:
se latebris,
id. ib. 6, 43 fin.; cf.:
se ex manibus militum,
id. ib. 7, 46 fin.:
se ab illa miseria,
Cic. Fam. 9, 13, 1:
se ex pugna,
id. Mur. 16, 34; id. Verr. 2, 3, 60, § 140; id. Sest. 24, 53:
se sequentibus,
Liv. 29, 32:
se hosti fugā,
Curt. 5, 13:
se flammā,
Cic. Brut. 23, 90:
se leto,
Verg. A. 2, 134:
se flammis,
id. ib. 2, 289:
se morae,
Hor. C. 3, 29, 5:
se servituti,
Sen. Ep. 80, 4:
rebus humanis se,
id. de Prov. 8, 12 et saep.—With adv.:
eas inde,
Plaut. Rud. 3, 1, 8.—
c.
Prov.:
Lupo agnum eripere, for something difficult or impossible,
Plaut. Poen. 3, 5, 31.—
B.
Pregn.: eripi, to be snatched away by death, to die suddenly (not before the Aug. per.):
fatis erepta,
Ov. M. 1, 358:
primis conjux ereptus in annis,
Val. Fl. 3, 316; cf.:
in flore aetatis ereptus rebus humanis,
Curt. 10, 5, 10.—Rarely act.:
lux ereptura eum vitā,
Amm. 30, 5, 18; cf. 30, 5, 10.
II.
Trop., to take away, snatch away:
responsiones omnes hoc verbo,
Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 63; cf.:
orationem alicui ex ore,
id. Merc. 1, 2, 64:
primam vocem ab ore loquentis,
Verg. A. 7, 119:
alicui jus suum,
Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 6:
libertatem (hostis),
id. Capt. 2, 2, 61; cf. Cic. Rep. 1, 17:
potestatem hominis omnino aspiciendi (opp. suppeditare omnium rerum abundantiam),
id. Lael. 23, 87; cf. Caes. B. C. 1, 3, 5:
omnem usum navium,
id. B. G. 3, 14, 7:
semestre imperium,
id. B. C. 1, 9, 2; cf.:
tetrarchiam alicui,
Cic. Div. 2, 37, 79:
mihi dolorem,
id. Att. 9, 6, 5:
alicui errorem,
id. ib. 10, 4, 6; cf. id. Tusc. 4, 31; id. Off. 2, 3, 10; Just. 6, 3, 12:
alicui timorem,
Cic. Cat. 1, 7 fin.; id. Att. 1, 16, 8:
lucem,
id. Ac. 2, 10; 32 fin.; id. N. D. 1, 3, 6 et saep.:
alicui pudicitiam,
Quint. 5, 11, 15;
but: virginis pudorem,
Amm. 15, 7, 5; cf.:
caelumque diemque Teucrorum ex oculis,
Verg. A. 1, 88; and:
prospectum oculis,
id. ib. 8, 254:
tempora certa modosque,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 57:
jocos, venerem, etc. (anni),
id. Ep. 2, 2, 56:
vatibus omnem fidem,
Ov. M. 15, 283: fugam, poet. for se fuga, or for the simple rapere fugam, to flee, Verg. A. 2, 619.— Poet.: eripiunt flammae noctem, i. c. light up the night, Sil. 11, 281:
eripuere oculos aurae,
id. 9, 501:
se fluvius retro eripit,
turns back, id. 9, 238.— Poet., with an object clause:
posse loqui eripitur,
Ov. M. 2, 483:
illis eriperes verbis mihi, sidera caeli Lucere,
i. e. to persuade me that not, Tib. 1, 9, 35.—With quin: vix tamen eripiam, velis quin, etc., I shall scarcely hinder you from, etc., Hor. S. 2, 2, 23.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > eripio
45 luceo

lūcĕo, xi, 2, v. n. [Sanscr. ruk, to be bright; Gr. luchnos, leukos, amphilukê; Lat. lux, lumen, lucidus, luna; O. H.-Germ. liŏht; Germ. Licht; cf. also illustris], to be light or clear, to shine, beam, glitter (syn.: splendeo, fulgeo).
I.
Lit.: (lumen) Nihilo minus ipsi lucet, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 16, 51 (Trag. v. 389 Vahl.): tum candida lumina lucent, id. ap. Fest. p. 228 and 229 Müll. (Ann. v. 157 Vahl.):
(stella) luce lucebat aliena,
Cic. Rep. 4, 16, 16:
dum meus assiduo luceat igne focus,
Tib. 1, 1, 6:
lucet igne rogus,
Ov. H. 11, 104:
rara per occultos lucebat semita calles,
Verg. A. 9, 383:
lucet via longo Ordine flammarum,
id. ib. 11, 143; cf. Prop. 2, 14 (3, 6), 17:
interior caeli qua semita lucet,
Stat. Th. 9, 641:
(luminaria) lucent in firmamento caeli,
Vulg. Gen. 1, 15:
niveo lucet in ore rubor,
Ov. Am. 3, 3, 6:
lucent oculi,
id. M. 1, 239; Val. Fl. 6, 492:
cinis in multam noctem pertinaciter luxit,
Suet. Tib. 74:
virgatis lucent sagulis (sc. Galli),
glitter, Verg. A. 8, 660:
taedā lucebis in illa,
i. e. shall burn, Juv. 1, 155:
non amplius erit sol ad lucendum,
Vulg. Isa. 60, 19.—In the part. pres.:
e rosea sol alte lampade lucens,
Lucr. 5, 610; so,
globus lunae,
Verg. A. 6, 725:
faces,
Ov. F. 3, 270:
sedebat In solio Phoebus claris lucente smaragdis,
id. M. 2, 24:
lucerna lucens in caliginoso loco,
Vulg. 2 Pet. 1, 19.— Poet., with acc.:
huic lucebis novae nuptae facem,
will light her home with a torch, Plaut. Cas. 1, 30: tute tibi puer es;
lautus luces cereum,
id. Curc. 1, 1, 9.—
2.
Of the day, daylight, etc., to appear, dawn, become light:
an umquam lucebit in orbe ille dies,
Sil. 16, 91:
lucente jam die,
Amm. 21, 15, 2.—
(β).
Esp., impers.: lucet, lucebat, etc., it is (was) light, it is (was) day, it is dawning:
priusquam lucet, adsunt,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 115:
si lucet lucet: lucet autem, lucet igitur,
Cic. Ac. 2, 30, 96:
si judicatum erit meridie non lucere,
id. Att. 1, 1, 1:
nondum lucebat,
id. Rosc. Am. 34, 97:
nec satis lucebat: cum autem luceret, etc.,
id. Att. 16, 13, a, 1:
ubi lucere coepisset,
id. Div. 1, 23, 47: expergiscere: lucet hoc, it is light, it is day there (in the sky), Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 63:
hoc... luce lucebit,
id. Curc. 1, 3, 26. —
B.
Transf., to shine or show through, to be discernible, visible ( poet.):
si qua Arabio lucet bombyce puella,
Prop. 2, 2, 25 (2, 3, 15):
femineum lucet sic per bombycina corpus,
Mart. 8, 68, 7:
vitalia lucent,
are uncovered, Stat. Th. 8, 525.—
II.
Trop., to shine forth, to be conspicuous, apparent, clear, evident:
nunc imperii nostri splendor illis gentibus lucet,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 14, 41:
mea officia et studia, quae parum antea luxerunt,
id. Att. 3, 15, 4:
cum res ipsa tot, tam claris argumentis luceat,
id. Mil. 23, 61:
virtus lucet in tenebris,
id. Sest. 28, 60:
tota oratio lucet,
Quint. 8, 5, 29; 9, 1, 19.—Hence, lūcens, entis, P. a., shining, bright, conspicuous: lucentior usus, Mall. Theod. de Metr. 9, 7.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > luceo
46 orior

ŏrĭor, ortus, fut. part. oriturus, 4 (but with some forms of the 3d conj.: orĭtur, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 305 Müll.; Gell. 4, 17, 14; cf. Cic. Ac. 2, 28, 89; Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 26; Lucr. 3, 272; Verg. A. 2, 411; 680; Hor. S. 1, 5, 39; Ov. M. 1, 774 et saep.:
oreris,
id. ib. 10, 166; imperat. orere, Val. Max. 4, 7, 7: impf. subj. oreretur, Paul. Nol. Carm. 15, 59; and oreretur and orerentur are the more usual forms in the best MSS.; cf. Haase in Reisig's Vorles. p. 251; Neue, Formenl. 2, p. 418 sq.), v. dep. [root or.; Sanscr. ar-; Gr. ornumi, orinô; v. Curt. Gr. Etym. 348 sq.].
I.
In gen., of persons, to rise, bestir one's self, get up, etc.:
consul oriens nocte diceret dictatorem,
Liv. 8, 23.—
B.
Esp., of the heavenly bodies, to rise, become visible, appear:
stellae, ut quaeque oriturque caditque,
Ov. F. 1, 295:
ortā luce,
in the morning, Caes. B. G. 5, 8:
orto sole,
at sunrise, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 112:
postera lux oritur,
id. S. 1, 5, 39; cf.: crassa pulvis oritur, Enn. ap. Non. 205, 28. —
II.
Transf., in gen., to come forth, become visible; to have one's origin or descent, to spring, descend from; to grow or spring forth; to rise, take its origin; arise, proceed, originate (syn. nascor):
hoc quis non credat abs te esse ortum?
Ter. And. 3, 2, 9:
Rhenus oritur ex Lepontiis,
takes its rise, Caes. B. G. 5, 4:
Maeander ex arce summā Celaenarum ortus,
Liv. 38, 13, 7:
Tigris oritur in montibus Uxiorum,
Curt. 5, 3, 1:
fons oritur in monte,
Plin. Ep. 4, 30, 2:
Durius amnis oritur in Pelendonibus,
Plin. 4, 20, 34, § 112:
amnis Indus in Cibyratarum jugis,
id. 5, 28, 29, § 103:
ibi Caicus amnis oritur,
id. 5, 30, 33, § 125:
incliti amnes Caucaso monte orti,
Curt. 8, 9, 3:
Rhenus Alpium vertice ortus,
Tac. G. 1, 2:
clamor,
Caes. B. G. 5, 53:
oritur controversia,
arises, Cic. Clu. 69, 161: unde oritur nox, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 193 Müll. (Ann. v. 407 Vahl.):
tempestas,
Nep. Tim. 3, 3:
monstrum mirabile,
Verg. A. 2, 680:
ulcera,
Cels. 6, 13:
ea officia. quae oriuntur a suo cujusque genere virtutum,
Cic. Fin. 5, 24, 69:
id facmus ex te ortum,
Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 67:
tibi a me nulla orta est mjuria,
I have caused you no injury, Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 35: quod si numquam oritur, ne occidit quidem umquam, comes into being, Cic. Rep. 6, 24, 27. —Of persons, to be born:
in quo (solo) tu ortus et procreatus es,
Cic. Leg. 2, 2, 4:
pueros orientes animari,
at birth, id. Div. 2, 42, 89: ex concubina, Sal. J. 108, 1; to be descended from:
plerosque Belgas esse ortos a Germanis,
Caes. B. G. 2, 4; to begin, commence, take its beginning:
ab aliquo sermo oritur,
Cic. Lael. 1, 5.—Hence,
A.
ŏrĭens, entis, P. a.; as subst. m.
1.
The rising sun, morning sun:
et me saevus equis oriens afflavit anhelis,
Verg. A. 5, 739; id. G. 1, 250.—
2.
The quarter where the sun rises, the East, the Orient (opp. to occidens, the West, the Occident):
ab oriente ad occidentem,
Cic. N. D. 2, 66:
aestivus,
the quarter where the sun rises in summer, Plin. 17, 14, 24, § 105:
hibernus,
Col. 1, 6:
vernus,
Gell. 2, 22, 7.—
3.
Poet. for day:
septimus hinc oriens cum se demiserit undis,
Ov. F. 1, 653.—
B.
ortus, a, um, P. a., sprung, descended, born; constr. with ex, ab, and (partic. with poets and since the Aug. per.) with simple abl.
(α).
Class. usually with ab:
a me ortus,
Cic. Planc. 27, 67:
quoniam ab illo (Catone) ortus es,
id. Mur. 31, 66; Nep. Att. 18, 3; Hor. S. 1, 5, 55:
maternum genus ab regibus ortum,
Suet. Caes. 6:
a liberatoribus patriae ortus,
Liv. 7, 32, 13: homo a se ortus, without noble or famous ancestors:
ego a me ortus et per me nixus (opp. adjuvari commendatione majorum),
Cic. Planc. 27, 67; id. Phil. 6, 6, 17.—
(β).
Less freq. with ex and name of person:
ex Tantalo,
Quint. 9, 3, 57; but with ex and the name of a place, family, order, class, etc., freq. and class.:
ex eodem loco ortus,
Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 10:
ortus ex eā familiā, quā, etc.,
Liv. 7, 10, 3:
ex concubinā,
Sall. J. 5, 7; 108, 1; Liv. 1, 34, 6:
ex patricio sanguine,
id. 6, 40, 6.—
(γ).
With abl. alone (except with loco and genere, mostly poet. and post-Aug.):
eā familiā ortus,
Sall. C. 31, 7:
orte Saturno,
Hor. C. 1, 12, 50; 4, 5, 1; 3, 6, 33: 4, 6, 32: id. Ep. 1, 6, 22:
ortus sorore ejus,
Liv. 8, 3, 7:
paelice,
id. 39, 53, 3:
orti Atticis,
Vell. 1, 4 init.:
antiquis nobilibus,
Quint. 3, 8, 31:
Germanicum Druso ortum,
Tac. A. 1, 3:
Thessalis,
id. ib. 6, 34; 12, 53;
15, 72: regiā stirpe,
Curt. 4, 1, 17:
oppido Ferentino,
Suet. Oth. 1:
equestri familiā,
id. Aug. 2:
magnis e centurionibus,
Hor. S. 1, 6, 73.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > orior
47 cum or (earlier) quom (not quum)

cum or (earlier) quom (not quum) conj. [1 CA-]. I. Prop., of time (cum temporale), constr. with indic. in an independent assertion; with subj. in a subordinate statement.—Fixing a point of time, when, at the time when: Lacrumo, quom in mentem venit, now that, T.: auditis, cum ea breviter dicuntur: eo cum venio: Postera cum lustrabat terras dies, V.: cum contionem habuit: cum proxime Romae fui: cum Italia vexata est: cum stellas fugarat dies, V.: quom non potest haberi, cupis, T.: tempus cum pater iacebat: eo tempore, cum necesse erat: memini noctis illius, cum pollicebar: tunc, cum adempta sunt arma, L.: etiam tum, cum verisimile erit, latratote, not until: cum peroraro, tum requiratis: cum signum dedero, tum invadite, L.: sese, cum opus esset, signum daturum, Cs.: sua bona, cum causae dicendae data facultas sit, tum se experturum, L. — Fixing or defining a period of time, when, while, during the time that, as, as long as, after: Alium esse censes nunc me, atque olim quom dabam? T.: risum vix tenebam, cum comparabas, etc.: tum, cum illum exterminari volebam, putabam, etc.: Hasdrubal, cum haec gerebantur, apud Syphaeum erat, L.—Of repeated action, when, whenever, at times when, as often as, always... when, if: omnes, quom valemus, recta consilia aegrotis damus, T.: cum permagna praemia sunt, est causa peccandi: Cum furit... Profuit aestūs avertere, V.: cum cogniti sunt, retinent caritatem: cum rosam viderat, tum incipere ver arbitrabatur, never until.—In clauses stating a fact, the point or period of time fixed by the main sentence (cum inversum), when, at the time when, and at this time, and meanwhile, and yet: longe iam abieram, quom sensi, T.: dies nondum decem intercesserant, cum filius necatur: Vix ea fatus erat, cum scindit se nubes, V.: multum diei processerat, cum etiamtum eventus in incerto erat, S.: nondum lucebat, cum scitum est: iamque hoc facere apparabant, cum matres procurrerunt, Cs.: Et iam phalanx ibat... flammas cum puppis Extulerat, V.: anni sunt octo, cum interea invenitis, etc.: cum interim milites domum obsidere coeperunt: nondum centum anni sunt, cum lata lex est.—Describing a time by natural events, when, while, as soon as: ipsi, cum iam dilucesceret, deducuntur: cum lux adpropinquaret.—In narration, describing the occasion or circumstances of an action (cum historicum), when, on the occasion that, under the circumstances that, while, after.—With imperf: Magistratus quom ibi adesset, occeptast agi, T.: Marius, cum secaretur, vetuit se adligari: Caesar cum ab hoste non amplius abesset... legati revertuntur, Cs.: heri, cum vos non adessetis: cum ad tribum Polliam ventum est, et praeco cunctaretur, ‘cita,’ inquit, etc., L.: Socrates, cum XXX tyranni essent, pedem portā non extulit, as long as: vidi, Cum tu terga dares, O.: is cum interrogaretur... respondit.—With maxime, just as, precisely when: Caesar, cum maxime furor arderet Antoni, exercitum comparavit: cum maxime agmen explicaretur, adoriuntur, L. — With perf: hic pagus, cum domo exisset, Cassium interfecerat, Cs.: cum domos vacuas fecissent, iunguntur nuptiis, L.: cum fanum expilavisset, navigabat Syracusas. — Of repeated occasions, when, whenever, on every occasion that, as often as.—With imperf: dispersos, cum longius procederent, adoriebatur, Cs.: saepe, cum aliquem videret, etc., on seeing, N.: numquam est conspectus, cum veniret. — With pluperf: Cum cohortes ex acie procucurrissent, Numidae effugiebant, Cs.: qui cum in convivium venisset: quantum obfuit multis, cum fecissent, etc.—Describing a time named in the principal sentence, when, such that, in which: Si ullum fuit tempus quom ego fuerim, etc., T.: fuit antea tempus, cum Galli superarent, Cs.: vigesimo anno, cum tot praetores in provinciā fuissent: eodem anno, cum omnia infida essent, L.: biduum supererat, cum frumentum metiri oporteret, in which, Cs.: fuit cum arbitrarer, etc.: audivi cum diceret, etc.— II. Meton., of identical actions, when, in that, by the fact that: Qui quom hunc accusant, Naevium accusant, T.: quae cum taces, nulla esse concedis: quod cum facit, iudicat, etc.: senatum intueri videor, cum te videor, L.: loco ille motus est, cum ex urbe est depulsus: quod cum dederis, illud dederis, ut, etc.: illa scelera, cum eius domum evertisti (which you committed) in uprooting: purgatio est cum factum conceditur, culpa removetur.—In hypothesis, assuming a fact, when, if: ad cuius fidem confugiet, cum per eius fidem laeditur, etc.—Contrary to fact, when, if, if at such a time: haec neque cum ego dicerem, neque cum tu negares, magni momenti nostra esset oratio: quod esset iudicium, cum tres... adsedissent?—Explaining a feeling, etc., that, because, for: Dis habeo gratiam, Quom adfuerunt liberae, T.: gratulor tibi, cum tantum vales. — As connective, correl. with tum, while, when; cum... tum, as... so, both... and, and besides, while... especially: Quom id mihi placebat, tum omnes bona dicere, T.: cum omnes eo convenerant, tum navium quod ubique fuerat coëgerant, Cs.: qui cum multa providit, tum quod te consulem non vidit: movit patres cum causa, tum auctor, L.—In the adverb. phrase cum maxime, with ellips. of predicate, in the highest degree, most: hanc Amabat, ut quom maxime, tum Pamphilus, as much as ever, T.: ea, quae fiunt cum maxime, i. e. at this very moment: sed cum maxime tamen hoc significabat, precisely this: quae multos iam annos, et nunc cum maxime, cupit.— III. Praegn., giving a cause or reason (cum causale), when, since, because, inasmuch as, seeing that, in that, in view of the fact that: haud invito sermo mi accessit tuos, Quom... intellego, T.: Deos quaeso ut sit superstes, Quom veritust facere, etc., T.: an pater familiarissimis suscensuit, cum Sullam laudarent? for praising: quae cum ita sint, videamus, etc.: cum longinqua instet militia, commeatum do, L.: cum tanta multitudo tela conicerent, potestas erat, etc., Cs.: cum esset egens, coepit, etc.: Caesar cum constituisset hiemare in continenti, obsides imperat, Cs.—So often nunc cum, now that, since in fact: nunc vero cum sit unus Pompeius.—Often with praesertim, especially since, more than all when: nam puerum non tollent... Praesertim quom sit, etc., T.: cum praesertim vos aliam miseritis.—With quippe, since evidently, since of course: nihil est virtute amabilius... quippe cum propter virtutem diligamus, etc. — In contrasts, when, while, whereas, while on the contrary, and yet (cum adversativum): finem faciam dicundi, quom ipse finem non facit? T.: quo tandem ore mentionem facitis... cum fateamini, etc.: cum maximis eum rebus liberares... culpam relinquebas: simulat se confiteri, cum interea aliud machinetur.—In concessions, when, although, notwithstanding (cum concessivum): nil quom est, nil defit tamen, T.: pecuniam facere cum posset, non statuit: cum aquae vim vehat ingentem (Druentia), non tamen navium patiens est, L.: patrem meum, cum proscriptus non esset, ingulastis: quam causam dixerat, cum annos ad quinquaginta natus esset?

Latin-English dictionary > cum or (earlier) quom (not quum)
48 inter

inter praep. with acc. [ANA-], between, betwixt: (mons) inter Sequanos et Helvetios, Cs.: inter me et Brundisium esse.—With more than two objects, among, amid, in the midst of, surrounded by: inter hostium tela versari: inter multos saucios relictus, L.: inter ingentīs solitudines, S.: inter varias columnas, H.—With an extended object, in the midst of, surrounded by: erat inter ceteram planitiem mons, S.: inter purpuram atque aurum, L.—Among, into the midst of: inter densas fagos veniebat, V.: te venisse inter falcarios, into the street of the scythe-makers.—Of time, in relation to two dates, between: dies XLV inter binos ludos: inter Laviniam et Albam deductam coloniam XXX interfuere anni, L.—With a period, during, in the course of, within, for, by, at: inter haec negotia, S.: inter annos XIIII tectum non subissent, Cs.: omnia inter decem annos facta: inter noctem lux orta, L.—In phrases, inter haec, meanwhile, during this time, L.: Inter cuncta, at all times, H.: inter quae, Cu.—In the course of, while, during: inter vias cogitare, on the way, T.: inter fulmina et tonitrua: inter agendum, V.: media inter carmina, during the play, H.—During, in spite of, notwithstanding: inter eas moras, S.: nobis inter has turbas senatus tamen frequens flagitavit triumphum.—Fig., in discrimination, between, among: inter bonos et malos discrimen, S.: iudicium inter deas tres: inter Marcellos et Claudios patricios iudicare: inter has sententias diiudicare: inter fugae pugnaeque consilium, L.: quid intersit inter popularem civem et inter constantem.—Of reciprocal relations, between, among: regnum inter Iugurtham et Adherbalem dividere, S.: quos inter magna fuit contentio, N.: componere lites Inter Peliden et inter Atriden, H.: certamen iniectum inter primores civitates, L.—In phrases with pronouns: novisse nos inter nos, one another, T.: res inter eos agi coeptae, mutually, Cs.: conloqui inter nos, with one another: inter se fidi, S.: pueri amant inter se, one another: furtim inter se aspicere: complecti inter se, L.: haec inter se cum repugnent, are inconsistent: disconvenit inter Meque et te, H.: complexiones atomorum inter se, mutual: collīs duos inter se propinquos occupat, near one another, S.—Of a class or number, among, in, with: summā gratiā inter suos, Cs.: inter hostīs variae fuere sententiae, L.: homines inter suos nobiles: inter amabilīs ponere me choros, H.—After a sup: honestissimus inter suos numerabatur: plurimum inter eos valere, Cs.: maximum imperium inter finitimos, L.—Praegn. with pronouns: consulatum nobilitas inter se per manūs tradebat, within their own order, S.: quod inter nos liceat dicere, i. e. confidentially.—In phrases, inter manūs, see manus: quaestio Flamini inter sicarios, on a charge of assassination: cum praetor questionem inter sicarios exercuisset, sat to try assassins: eos inter sicarios defendere: inter exempla esse, to serve as an example, Ta.: inter paucas memorata clades, i. e. eminently, extremely, L: secuti inter cetera auctoritatem Pausistrati, eminently, especially, L.: inter cetera etiam vigiliis confecti, i. e. more than by all else, L. In composition inter is unchanged, except that r is assimilated in intellego, and its derivatives.— Between: intercedo, interpono.—At intervals, from time to time: interaestuo, intermitto, interviso.— Under, down, to the bottom: intereo, interficio.
* * *

PREP ACC

between, among; during

inter se -- to each other, mutually

Latin-English dictionary > inter
49 arx

arx, arcis, f. [arx ab arcendo, quod is locus munitissimus rubis, a quo facillime possit hostis prohiberi, Varr. L. L. 5, § 151 Müll; cf. Serv. ad Verg. A. 1, 20; Isid. Orig. 15, 2, 32; Doed. Syn. IV. p. 428; v. arceo], a stronghold, castle, citadel, fortress, akropolis; in Rome, the Capitolium.
I.
A.. Lit.: arce et urbe orba sum, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 19, 44 (Trag. v. 114 Müll.): optumates, Corinthum quae arcem altam habetis, id. ap. ejusd. Fam. 7, 6: edicite per urbem ut omnes qui arcem astuque accolunt, cives, etc.; Att. ap. Non. p. 357, 14:
Illa autem in arcem [hinc] abiit,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 8, 59; so id. Ps. 4, 6, 2:
In arcem transcurso opus est,
Ter. Hec. 3, 4, 17:
Condere coeperunt urbīs arcemque locare,
Lucr. 5, 1107:
arcis servator, candidus anser,
id. 4, 683:
munire arcem,
Cic. Pis. 34 fin.:
cum Tarento amisso arcem tamen Livius retinuisset,
id. de Or. 2, 67, 273: arx intra moenia in immanem altitudinem edita; Liv. 45, 28:
arx Sion,
Vulg. 2 Reg. 5, 7:
arx Jerusalem,
ib. 1 Macc. 13, 49:
Romana,
Liv. 1, 12:
Capitolina,
id. 6, 20; cf. id. 3, 18:
Sabinus arcem Capitolii insedit mixto milite,
Tac. H. 3, 69; Suet. Claud. 44 et saep. As the place on which auguries were received (cf. auguraculum):
ut cum in arce augurium augures acturi essent,
Cic. Off. 3, 16, 66; so Liv. 1, 18 and 24.—Hence,
B.
Trop., defence, prolection, refuge, bulwark, etc.:
Castoris templum fuit te consule arx civium perditorum, receptaculum veterum Catilinae militum, castellum forensis latrocinii,
Cic. Pis. 5, 11:
haec urbs, lux orbis terrarum atque arx omnium gentium,
id. Cat. 4, 6; cf. id. Agr. 1, 6, 18:
Africa arx omnium provinciarum,
id. Lig. 7, 22:
Stoicorum,
id. Div. 1, 6, 10:
arx finitimorum, Campani,
Liv. 7, 29; 37, 18:
tribunicium auxilium et provocationem, duas arces libertatis tuendae,
id. 3, 45:
arx ad aliquid faciendum,
id. 28, 3:
eam urbem pro arce habiturus Philippus adversus Graeciae civitates,
id. 33, 14; Flor. 3, 6, 5:
quasi arx aeternae dominationis,
Tac. A. 14, 31.—
C.
As the abode of tyrants, a poet. designation of tyranny (cf. Ascon. ad Cic. Div. in Caecil. 5), Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 293 Heins.:
cupidi arcium,
Sen. Thyest. 342; cf. id. Contr. 4, 27:
non dum attigit arcem, Juris et humani culmen,
Luc. 7, 593 Corte; cf. id. 8, 490, and 4, 800; Tert. Apol. 4.—
D.
Prov.:
arcem facere e cloacā,
to make a mountain of a mole-hill, Cic. Planc. 40.—
II.
Since castles were generally on a height, meton., a height, summit, pinnacle, top, peak (usu. poet. and in Aug. and postAug. prose), lit. and trop.
A.
Lit.:
summā locum sibi legit in arce,
upon the extreme height, Ov. M. 1, 27; cf. id. ib. 12, 43. —So,
2.
In partic.
a.
Of mountains:
Parnasi constitit arce,
Ov. M. 1, 467:
arce loci summā,
id. ib. 11, 393:
Rhipaeae arces,
Verg. G. 1, 240:
flērunt Rhodopeïae arces,
id. ib. 4, 461:
septemque unā sibi muro circumdedit arces,
id. ib. 2, 535:
primus inexpertas adiit Tirynthius arces, i. e. Alpes,
Sil. 3, 496; cf. Drak. ad id. 15, 305; Val. Fl. 3, 565:
impositum arce sublimi oppidum cernimus,
Petr. 116; cf. id. 123, 205, and 209.—
b.
Of houses built on an eminence, Petr. 121, 107, and 293.—
c.
Of the citadel of heaven:
quae pater ut summā vidit Saturnius arce,
Ov. M. 1, 163:
summam petit arduus arcem,
id. ib. 2, 306:
sideream mundi qui temperat arcem,
id. Am. 3, 10, 21.—
d.
Of the heavens themselves: aetheriae [p. 170] arces, Ov. Tr. 5, 3, 19:
arces igneae,
Hor. C. 3, 3, 10:
caeli quibus adnuis arcem,
Verg. A. 1, 250; cf. id. ib. 1, 259.—
e.
Of temples erected on an eminence:
dexterā sacras jaculatus arces,
Hor. C. 1, 2, 3.—
f.
Of the head:
arx corporis,
Sen. Oedip. 185; Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 235.—
B.
Trop., height, head, summit, etc. (rare):
celsā mentis ab arce,
Stat. S. 2, 2, 131:
summae laudum arces,
Sil. 13, 771; Sid. Carm. 2, 173:
ubi Hannibal sit, ibi caput atque arcem totius belli esse,
head and front, Liv. 28, 42:
arx eloquentiae,
Tac. Or. 10.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > arx
50 emergo

ē-mergo, si, sum, 3, v. a. and n.
I.
Act., to bring forth, bring to light, raise up (very rare; mostly with se, or pass. in mid. sense), to come forth, come out, to rise up, emerge (not in Plaut., Caes., Verg., or Hor.).
A.
Lit.:
emersere e gurgite vultus Nereides,
Cat. 64, 14:
ex undis Cancri pars sese emergit in astra,
Manil. 5, 198;
se torrens imo hiatu,
Auct. Aetn. 118:
se lux pelago,
Avien. Perieg. 126:
tibi (somnianti) subito sum visus emersus e flumine,
Cic. Div. 2, 68; so,
emersus e palude,
Liv. 1, 13:
emersus paludibus,
Tac. A. 1, 65.— Poet.:
cernis et emersas in lucem tendere noctes,
Ov. M. 15, 186;
nox emersa,
id. F. 3, 399.—
B.
Trop., to extricate or free one's self, to raise one's self up, to rise:
sese ex malis,
Ter. And. 3, 3, 30 Ruhnk.; so Nep. Att. 11, 1:
homo emersus subito ex diuturnis tenebris lustrorum ac stuprorum,
Cic. Sest. 9; cf.:
tu emersus e caeno,
id. Vatin. 7, 17:
velut emerso ab admiratione animo,
Liv. 8, 7 fin. —Once perh. act.:
ut possim rerum tantas emergere moles,
Manil. 1, 116.—Far more freq. and class.,
II.
Neutr. (i. q. the preceding emergere se), to come forth, come up, arise, emerge.
A.
Lit.
1.
In gen.:
equus emersit e flumine,
Cic. Div. 2, 31 fin.:
e vadis,
id. Cael. 21:
ex alto,
id. Fin. 4, 23, 64:
de paludibus,
Liv. 22, 3:
ab infima ara (anguis),
Cic. Div. 1, 33, 72:
sub exsistentibus glebis (pisces),
Liv. 42, 2: extra aquam Plin. 13, 18, 32, § 109; 2, 88, 89, § 203:
foras (with exsilire),
Lucr. 2, 200:
ad ortus,
id. 5, 697:
in suam lucem (luna),
Liv. 44, 37 et saep.:
ex Antiati in Appiam ad Tres Tabernas,
to get away, escape, Cic. Att. 2, 12, 2; cf.:
e patrio regno (with Cappadociae latebris se occultare),
id. de Imp. Pomp. 3:
aegre in apertos campos (Manlius),
Liv. 21, 25 al. — Absol.:
aves, quae se in mari mergerent: quae cum emersissent, etc.,
Cic. N. D. 2, 49; cf. id. Fin. 3, 14 fin.: sol. id. Arat. 76 (also, id. N. D. 2, 44, 113); Tac. G. 45; cf.
stellae,
Plin. 2, 14, 11, § 58 al. — Impers. tot res repente circumvallant, unde emergi non potest, Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 4.—
2.
In partic., to come forth, come up, break forth, as a plant or animal, when it springs up or is born:
viriditas e vaginis emergit, etc.,
Cic. de Sen. 15, 51; cf.:
flos ex caule,
Plin. 21, 17, 66, § 106:
totus infans utero,
id. 11, 51, 112, § 270:
ova,
id. 10, 52, 74, § 145:
ventus,
id. 2, 82, 84, § 198.—
B.
Trop., to extricate one's self from, to raise one's self up, to emerge, get clear:
ex sermone emersit,
Cic. Cael. 31, 75:
ex miserrimis naturae tuae sordibus,
id. Pis. 12, 27:
ex peculatus judicio,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 5:
ex paternis probris ac vitiis,
id. ib. 2, 3, 69:
ex mendicitate,
id. Vatin. 9 fin.:
vixdum e naufragiis prioris culpae cladisque,
Liv. 5, 52, 1:
ex obnoxia pace,
id. 9, 10:
ex omni saevitia fortunae (virtus),
id. 25, 38; Dig. 47, 10, 5 fin.: cum tam multa ex illo mari (sc. Ponto) bella emerserint, have arisen, [p. 642] broken out, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 58:
equidem multos vidi emersisse aliquando, et se ad frugem bonam, ut dicitur, recepisse,
have raised themselves up, have risen, Cic. Cael. 12:
hac autem re incredibile est quantum civitates emerserint,
have raised themselves up, elevated themselves, id. Att. 6, 2, 4; cf.:
ad summas opes,
Lucr. 2, 13; 3, 63:
in quod fastigium,
Vell. 2, 65; Juv. 3, 164:
quamvis enim demersae sint leges, emergunt tamen haec aliquando,
Cic. Off. 2, 7, 24; cf. id. Clu. 65, 183:
nunc emergit amor,
id. Att. 9, 10, 2; cf.
dolor,
id. ib. 9, 6, 5:
ex quo magis emergit, quale sit decorum illud, etc.,
appears, is evident, id. Off. 1, 31; cf.:
tanti sceleris indicium per Fulviam emersit,
Flor. 4, 1, 6.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > emergo
51 genitale

gĕnĭtālis, e, adj. [id.], of or belonging to generation or birth, causing generation or birth, fruitful, generative, genital ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose; cf.: genialis, genetivus).
I.
Adj.:
genitalia materiaï Corpora,
generative principles, elements, Lucr. 2, 62:
corpora quatuor,
the four elements, Ov. M. 15, 239:
semina,
Lucr. 5, 851; Verg. G. 2, 324:
partes (corporis),
genital parts, Lucr. 4, 1044; Col. 6, 26, 2:
membra,
Ov. Am. 2, 3, 3:
loca,
Col. 6, 36, 2:
arvum,
Verg. G. 3, 136; cf.
vulvae,
Col. 7, 9, 5;
so of plants: membra,
id. 3, 10, 12: locus, id. § 14; cf. id. 3, 6, 1:
profluvium,
Plin. 20, 13, 51, § 143; cf. id. 7, 14, 12, § 61:
foedera,
matrimony, Stat. Th. 3, 300:
menses,
the months of pregnancy in which the child may be born, Gell. 3, 16, 4:
ros,
fertilizing, Plin. 2, 8, 6, § 38:
hora anni,
i. e. in the spring, id. 9, 35, 54, § 107: dies, birth-day (usually dies natalis), Tac. A. 16, 14; also,
lux,
Stat. S. 2, 3, 62:
solum,
birth-place, natal soil, Vell. 2, 15, 1:
sedes,
Prud. Cath. 10 fin. terra, Amm. 27, 5 fin.: dii, the gods that produce everything: Romulus in caelo cum dis genitalibus aevum Degit, Enn. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 6, 764 (Ann. v. 119 Vahl.); imitated by Aus. Per. Iliad. 4; Num. ap. Eckh. D. N. V. 7, p. 139: sterilitas, barrenness, Trebat. ap. Gell. 4, 2, 9.—
II.
Subst.
A.
Gĕnĭtālis, is, f., a surname of Diana, as presiding over births:
sive tu (Diana) Lucina probas vocari Seu Genitalis,
Hor. C. S. 16.—
B.
gĕ-nĭtāle, is, n. (sc. membrum;
v. above, I.),
Cels. 4, 1; Plin. 28, 8, 27, § 93; 37, 10, 57, § 157; Arn. 5, 18 et saep.; in plur., id. 11, 49, 110, § 263; Quint. 1, 6, 36; Juv. 6, 514. —Hence, adv.: gĕnĭtālĭter, in a fertilizing manner, fruitfully, Lucr. 4, 1258.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > genitale
52 Genitalis

gĕnĭtālis, e, adj. [id.], of or belonging to generation or birth, causing generation or birth, fruitful, generative, genital ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose; cf.: genialis, genetivus).
I.
Adj.:
genitalia materiaï Corpora,
generative principles, elements, Lucr. 2, 62:
corpora quatuor,
the four elements, Ov. M. 15, 239:
semina,
Lucr. 5, 851; Verg. G. 2, 324:
partes (corporis),
genital parts, Lucr. 4, 1044; Col. 6, 26, 2:
membra,
Ov. Am. 2, 3, 3:
loca,
Col. 6, 36, 2:
arvum,
Verg. G. 3, 136; cf.
vulvae,
Col. 7, 9, 5;
so of plants: membra,
id. 3, 10, 12: locus, id. § 14; cf. id. 3, 6, 1:
profluvium,
Plin. 20, 13, 51, § 143; cf. id. 7, 14, 12, § 61:
foedera,
matrimony, Stat. Th. 3, 300:
menses,
the months of pregnancy in which the child may be born, Gell. 3, 16, 4:
ros,
fertilizing, Plin. 2, 8, 6, § 38:
hora anni,
i. e. in the spring, id. 9, 35, 54, § 107: dies, birth-day (usually dies natalis), Tac. A. 16, 14; also,
lux,
Stat. S. 2, 3, 62:
solum,
birth-place, natal soil, Vell. 2, 15, 1:
sedes,
Prud. Cath. 10 fin. terra, Amm. 27, 5 fin.: dii, the gods that produce everything: Romulus in caelo cum dis genitalibus aevum Degit, Enn. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 6, 764 (Ann. v. 119 Vahl.); imitated by Aus. Per. Iliad. 4; Num. ap. Eckh. D. N. V. 7, p. 139: sterilitas, barrenness, Trebat. ap. Gell. 4, 2, 9.—
II.
Subst.
A.
Gĕnĭtālis, is, f., a surname of Diana, as presiding over births:
sive tu (Diana) Lucina probas vocari Seu Genitalis,
Hor. C. S. 16.—
B.
gĕ-nĭtāle, is, n. (sc. membrum;
v. above, I.),
Cels. 4, 1; Plin. 28, 8, 27, § 93; 37, 10, 57, § 157; Arn. 5, 18 et saep.; in plur., id. 11, 49, 110, § 263; Quint. 1, 6, 36; Juv. 6, 514. —Hence, adv.: gĕnĭtālĭter, in a fertilizing manner, fruitfully, Lucr. 4, 1258.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Genitalis
53 genitalis

gĕnĭtālis, e, adj. [id.], of or belonging to generation or birth, causing generation or birth, fruitful, generative, genital ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose; cf.: genialis, genetivus).
I.
Adj.:
genitalia materiaï Corpora,
generative principles, elements, Lucr. 2, 62:
corpora quatuor,
the four elements, Ov. M. 15, 239:
semina,
Lucr. 5, 851; Verg. G. 2, 324:
partes (corporis),
genital parts, Lucr. 4, 1044; Col. 6, 26, 2:
membra,
Ov. Am. 2, 3, 3:
loca,
Col. 6, 36, 2:
arvum,
Verg. G. 3, 136; cf.
vulvae,
Col. 7, 9, 5;
so of plants: membra,
id. 3, 10, 12: locus, id. § 14; cf. id. 3, 6, 1:
profluvium,
Plin. 20, 13, 51, § 143; cf. id. 7, 14, 12, § 61:
foedera,
matrimony, Stat. Th. 3, 300:
menses,
the months of pregnancy in which the child may be born, Gell. 3, 16, 4:
ros,
fertilizing, Plin. 2, 8, 6, § 38:
hora anni,
i. e. in the spring, id. 9, 35, 54, § 107: dies, birth-day (usually dies natalis), Tac. A. 16, 14; also,
lux,
Stat. S. 2, 3, 62:
solum,
birth-place, natal soil, Vell. 2, 15, 1:
sedes,
Prud. Cath. 10 fin. terra, Amm. 27, 5 fin.: dii, the gods that produce everything: Romulus in caelo cum dis genitalibus aevum Degit, Enn. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 6, 764 (Ann. v. 119 Vahl.); imitated by Aus. Per. Iliad. 4; Num. ap. Eckh. D. N. V. 7, p. 139: sterilitas, barrenness, Trebat. ap. Gell. 4, 2, 9.—
II.
Subst.
A.
Gĕnĭtālis, is, f., a surname of Diana, as presiding over births:
sive tu (Diana) Lucina probas vocari Seu Genitalis,
Hor. C. S. 16.—
B.
gĕ-nĭtāle, is, n. (sc. membrum;
v. above, I.),
Cels. 4, 1; Plin. 28, 8, 27, § 93; 37, 10, 57, § 157; Arn. 5, 18 et saep.; in plur., id. 11, 49, 110, § 263; Quint. 1, 6, 36; Juv. 6, 514. —Hence, adv.: gĕnĭtālĭter, in a fertilizing manner, fruitfully, Lucr. 4, 1258.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > genitalis
54 gratus

grātus, a, um, adj. [Sanscr. har-jami, love, desire; Gr. chairô, charma, charis].
I.
Pass., beloved, dear, acceptable, pleasing, agreeable (syn.: acceptus, jucundus, optatus, dulcis, blandus, suavis; in this signif. in ante-Aug. prose, viz. in Cic. and Cæs., only of things; gratiosus, mostly of persons).
A.
Of things:
non ille (amor tuus) quidem mihi ignotus, sed tamen gratus et optatus: dicerem jucundus, nisi id verbum in omne tempus perdidissem,
Cic. Fam. 5, 15, 1; cf.:
illud tamen dicam, mihi id, quod fecisti, esse gratissimum. Tale enim tuum judicium non potest mihi non summe esse jucundum. Quod cum ita sit, esse gratum necesse est,
id. ib. 13, 8, 2:
ista veritas, etiam si jucunda non est, mihi tamen grata est,
id. Att. 3, 24, 2; cf. also: cujus officia jucundiora licet saepe mihi fuerint, numquam tamen gratiora, id. Fam. 4, 6, 1:
quae omnia mihi jucunda, hoc extremum etiam gratum fuit,
id. ib. 10, 3, 1;
so corresp. or connected with jucundus,
id. ib. 1, 17, 6; id. Rosc. Am. 18, 51; id. Cat. 4, 1, 1; Plin. 26, 3, 8, § 14; Plin. Ep. 5, 3, 1; 8, 23, 5:
quid est, quod aut populo Romano gratius esse debeat aut sociis exterisque nationibus optatius esse possit,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 3, 7; so with optatus cf. above, the passage Cic. Fam. 5, 15, 1: quod approbaris, id gratum acceptumque habendum. id. Tusc. 5, 15, 45; cf.:
mihi pol grata acceptaque hujus est benignitas,
Plaut. Stich. 1, 1, 49; Cat. 96, 1:
munus eorum gratum acceptumque esse,
Nep. Hann. 7;
rarely in the contrary order: quorum mihi Dona accepta et grata habeo, tuaque ingrata,
Plaut. Truc. 2, 7, 56: Tox. Credidi gratum fore Beneficium meum apud te. Do. Immo equidem gratiam tibi habeo, id. Pers. 4, 7, 8; cf.:
grata tibi esse mea officia non miror: cognovi enim te gratissimum omnium, etc.,
Cic. Fam. 5, 11, 1:
quam multi, ut Galli, ut Poeni homines immolare et pium et diis immortalibus gratissimum esse duxerunt!
Cic. Rep. 3, 9; cf. Caes. B. G. 6, 16, 5; Cic. ap. Non. 398, 28 (Rep. 6, 2 Mos.); cf. in comp.:
sedere in his scholis gratius erat quam ire per solitudines, etc.,
Plin. 26, 2, 6, § 11; cf.
also: hedera est gratissima Baccho,
Ov. F. 3, 767:
dapibus supremi Grata testudo Jovis,
Hor. C. 1, 32, 14:
eoque erat cujusque gratior in re publica virtus, quod, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 2, 34 fin.; 2, 35:
o diva, gratum quae regis Antium,
Hor. C. 1, 35, 1; cf.:
grato sub antro,
id. ib. 1, 5, 3:
locus,
id. Ep. 2, 2, 46:
tempus,
id. ib. 2, 2, 198:
hora,
id. ib. 1, 4, 14:
dies,
id. C. 4, 5, 7:
lux,
id. S. 1, 5, 39:
nox,
id. Carm. Sec. 23:
carmina,
id. C. 1, 15, 14; 3, 11, 23:
artes,
id. ib. 4, 13, 22:
error mentis,
id. Ep. 2, 2, 140:
protervitas,
id. C. 1, 19, 7 et saep.:
feceris, si de re publica quid sentias explicaris, nobis gratum omnibus,
will do us all a favor, Cic. Rep. 1, 21 fin.; cf.:
quamobrem utrique nostrum gratum admodum feceris,
id. Lael. 4, 16:
quod si eum interfecerit, multis sese nobilibus gratum esse facturum,
Caes. B. G. 1, 44, 20:
quapropter gratissimum mihi feceris, si curaris, ut, etc.... Hoc mihi gratius facere nihil potes,
a very great favor... no greater favor, Cic. Fam. 13, 44:
is adulescens ita locatus est, ut, quae rebus grata erant, gratiora verbis faceret,
Liv. 45, 13, 13:
gratum elocuta consiliantibus Junone divis,
something pleasant, Hor. C. 3, 3, 17.—
B.
Of living beings.
(α).
With dat.:
Herophile Phoebo grata,
Tib. 2, 5, 68; cf.:
vates diis gratissima,
Ov. F. 1, 585; and:
superis deorum gratus (Mercurius) et imis,
Hor. C. 1, 10, 20:
donec gratus eram tibi,
id. ib. 3, 9, 1; cf. Prop. 1, 2, 31:
gratus Alexandro regi Magno fuit ille Choerilus,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 232; Suet. Caes. 27:
cui (Maecenati) cum se gratum et acceptum in modum amici videret,
id. Gramm. 21:
filio ejus Fausto gratissimus fuit,
id. ib. 12:
(cervus) gratus erat tibi,
Ov. M. 10, 121.—
(β).
Absol.:
olim gratus eram,
Prop. 1, 12, 7; Hor. C. 4, 6, 21:
conviva,
id. S. 2, 2, 119:
comitum gratissime,
Ov. M. 14, 221; cf.:
juvenum gratissime Crantor,
id. ib. 12, 367:
o mihi de fratris longe gratissime natis,
id. ib. 12, 586:
quaestor consulibus suis non minus jucundus et gratus quam usui fuit,
Plin. Ep. 8, 23, 5.—Hence, subst.: grātus, i, m., a favorite, darling:
quam (classem) non amicorum sed gratorum appellabat,
Suet. Tib. 46 fin.
II.
Act., thankful, grateful; thankworthy, deserving or procuring thanks (beneficii memor):
cognovi te gratissimum omnium: nec enim tu mihi habuisti modo gratiam, verum etiam cumulatissime retulisti,
Cic. Fam. 5, 11, 1; cf. id. Leg. 1, 18, 49:
quamquam gratiarum actionem a te non desiderabam, cum te re ipsa atque animo scirem esse gratissimum, tamen, etc.,
id. Fam. 10, 19, 1:
si bene de me meritis gratum me praebeo, etc.,
id. Planc. 38, 91 (v. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 508); cf.:
ut grati ac memores beneficii esse videantur,
id. Agr. 2, 8, 21:
Hegesaratus, magnis meis beneficiis ornatus in consulatu suo, memor et gratus fuit,
id. Fam. 13, 25; cf. also id. Att. 9, 11, A, 3:
tu quam gratus erga me fueris, ipse existimare potes,
id. Fam. 5, 5, 2; cf.: ut quam gratissimus erga te esse cognoscerer, id. ib. 1, 5, 1; Quint. 11, 2, 12: gratiorem me esse in te, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 10, 1:
si quod adest gratum juvat,
Hor. S. 2, 6, 13; id. C. 1, 12, 39:
laudo vos, Quirites, cum gratissimis animis prosequimini nomen clarissimi adolescentis,
Cic. Phil. 4, 1, 3; cf. id. ib. 14, 11, 30, and 10, 3, 7:
tu, quamcumque deus tibi fortunaverit horam, gratā sume manu,
Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 23:
quod tamen nunc faciam: tum, cum gratum mihi esse potuit, nolui,
i. e. might have procured me thanks, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 21:
est istuc datum Profecto, ut grata mihi sint, quae facio, omnia,
id. Eun. 3, 1, 6 Ruhnk.; cf.:
didicisse, quam sit re pulchrum, beneficio gratum, fama gloriosum, tyrannum occidere,
productive of gratitude, Cic. Phil. 2, 46, 117:
pro quibus beneficiis vix satis gratus videar,
Sall. H. 2, 41, 5 Dietsch.— Hence, adv.: grātē.
1.
(Acc. to I. = jucunde.) With pleasure, agreeably, willingly (rare in the class. period):
praeterita grate meminit et, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 1, 19, 62:
liberti pupillorum grate facient, si, etc.,
Dig. 26, 10, 3:
insignis haec munificentia... nec a debitoribus magis quam a creditoribus gratius excepta,
Just. 12, 11, 2:
gratissime provocari,
Macr. S. 7, 2.—
2.
(Acc. to II.) Thankfully, gratefully (class.):
aliquid et grate et pie facere,
Cic. Planc. 41, 98; cf.:
quid pie, quid grate, quid humaniter, aut fecerit aut tulerit,
id. de Or. 2, 11, 46; Suet. Aug. 66:
natales grate numeras,
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 210:
beneficium qui dat, vult accipi grate,
Sen. Ben. 2, 31:
aliquid recipere,
Suet. Ner. 22; and in sup.:
id munus inter censoria opera gratissime acceptum est,
Plin. 7, 60, 60, § 214.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > gratus
55 gravis

grăvis, e, adj. [Sanscr. gurus (root gar-); Gr. barus, heavy; gravis, for gar-uis; cf. also Brutus]. With respect to weight, heavy, weighty, ponderous, burdensome; or pass., loaded, laden, burdened (opp. levis, light; in most of its significations corresp. to the Gr. barus; cf. onerosus, onerarius).
I.
Lit. Absol. or with abl.
1.
In gen.: imber et ignis, spiritus et gravis terra, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 37 Müll.; so,
tellus,
Ov. M. 7, 355:
corpora,
Lucr. 2, 225 sq.; cf. id. 5, 450 sq.:
limus,
id. 5, 496:
in eo etiam cavillatus est, aestate grave esse aureum amiculum, hieme frigidum,
Cic. N. D. 3, 34, 83:
navigia,
Caes. B. G. 5, 8, 4; cf.:
tot ora navium gravi Rostrata duci pondere,
Hor. Epod. 4, 17:
cum gravius dorso (aselli) subiit onus,
id. S. 1, 9, 21:
sarcina,
id. Ep. 1, 13, 6: inflexi grave robur aratri, Verg. G. 1, 162:
cujus (tibicinae) Ad strepitum salias terrae gravis,
Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 26: terra, burdened (by the heavy body), Ov. M. 12, 118:
naves hostilibus spoliis graves,
heavily laden, Liv. 29, 35, 5; cf.:
agmen grave praedā,
id. 21, 5, 8;
for which also simply: grave agmen,
id. 31, 39, 2:
miles,
heavy-armed, Tac. A. 12, 35:
gravis aere dextra,
Verg. E. 1, 36:
cum fatalis equus saltu super ardua venit Pergama et armatum peditem gravis attulit alvo,
i. e. filled, full, id. A. 6, 516 (an imitation of Maximo saltu superavit Gravidus armatis equus, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2; v. gravidus, II. b):
graves imbre nubes,
Liv. 28, 15, 11:
graves fructu vites,
Quint. 8, 3, 8:
gravis vinculis,
Plin. Ep. 7, 27, 10.—
2.
In partic.
a.
With respect to value or number, heavy, great. So, aes grave, heavy money, money of the oldest standard, in which an as weighed a full pound: grave aes dictum a pondere, quia deni asses, singuli pondo libras, efficiebant denarium, etc., Paul. ex Fest. p. 98 Müll.:
et quia nondum argentum signatum erat, aes grave plaustris quidam (ex patribus) ad aerarium convehentes, etc.,
Liv. 4, 60, 6; 10, 46, 5; 22, 33, 2 et saep.:
populus Romanus ne argento quidem signato ante Pyrrhum regem devictum usus est: librales appendebantur asses. Quare aeris gravis poena dicta,
Plin. 33, 3, 13, § 42: argentum, i. e. uncoined = rude:
placet argentum grave rustici patris sine ullo opere et nomine artificis,
Sen. Tranq. 1, 4:
notavit aliquos, quod pecunias levioribus usuris mutuati graviore fenore collocassent,
at a higher rate, Suet. Aug. 39; cf.:
in graviore annona,
id. ib. 25: grave pretium, a high price, Sall. Fragm. ap. Non. 314, 25.—With respect to number: graves pavonum greges, great or numerous flocks, Varr. ap. Non. 314, 31. —
b.
For the usual gravidus, with young, pregnant ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):
regina sacerdos Marte gravis,
Verg. A. 1, 274; cf.
uterus (shortly after: gravidus tumet venter),
Ov. M. 10, 495:
balaenae utero graves (shortly before, gravidae),
Plin. 9, 6, 5, § 13.—
B.
Transf.
1.
Of hearing or sound, deep, grave, low, bass (opp. acutus, treble):
vocem ab acutissimo sono usque ad gravissimum sonum recipiunt,
Cic. de Or. 1, 59, 251; cf. id. ib. 3, 57, 216:
qui (sonus) acuta cum gravibus temperans, varios aequabiliter concentus efficit,
id. Rep. 6, 18:
vox,
Quint. 11, 3, 17; 42: sonus, 2, 8, 15; 5, 10, 125; 11, 3, 41; Ov. M. 12, 203:
tenor,
Quint. 1, 5, 26:
syllaba,
i. e. unaccented, id. 1, 5, 22 sq.; 12, 10, 33.—
2.
Of smell or flavor, strong, unpleasant, offensive:
an gravis hirsutis cubet hircus in alis,
rank, Hor. Epod. 12, 5:
chelydri,
Verg. G. 3, 415:
ellebori,
id. ib. 3, 451:
odor calthae,
strong, Plin. 21, 6, 15, § 28; cf.:
herba odore suaviter gravi,
id. 25, 9, 70, § 118; cf.
117: habrotonum odore jucunde gravi floret,
id. 21, 10, 34, § 60: absynthium ut bibam gravem, i. e. bitter, Varr. ap. Non. 19, 27, and 314, 14.—
3.
Of the state of the body or health, gross, indigestible, unwholesome, noxious, severe; sick:
(Cleanthes) negat ullum esse cibum tam gravem, quin is die et nocte concoquatur,
Cic. N. D. 2, 9, 24; so,
genera cibi graviora,
Cels. 2, 18:
gravissima bubula (caro),
id. ib.:
pisces gravissimi,
id. ib.:
neque ex salubri loco in gravem, neque ex gravi in salubrem transitus satis tutus est,
id. 1, 3; cf.:
solum caelumque juxta grave,
Tac. H. 5, 7:
solet esse gravis cantantibus umbra,
Verg. E. 10, 75:
anni tempore gravissimo et caloribus maximis,
Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 16, 1; cf.:
gravis auctumnus in Apulia circumque Brundisium ex saluberrimis Galliae et Hispaniae regionibus, omnem exercitum valetudine tentaverat,
Caes. B. C. 3, 2 fin.:
grave tempus et forte annus pestilens erat urbi agrisque,
Liv. 3, 6, 1; cf. also id. 3, 8, 1:
aestas,
Verg. G. 2, 377:
morbo gravis,
sick, id. ib. 3, 95; cf.:
gravis vulnere,
Liv. 21, 48, 4:
aetate et viribus gravior,
id. 2, 19, 6:
gravior de vulnere,
Val. Fl. 6, 65:
non insueta graves tentabunt pabula fetas,
sick, feeble, Verg. E. 1, 50; so absol.:
aut abit in somnum gravis,
heavy, languid, Lucr. 3, 1066.
II.
Trop.
A.
In a bad sense, heavy, burdensome, oppressive, troublesome, grievous, painful, hard, harsh, severe, disagreeable, unpleasant (syn.: molestus, difficilis, arduus): qui labores morte finisset graves, Poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 48, 115:
quod numquam tibi senectutem gravem esse senserim... quibus nihil est in ipsis opis ad bene beateque vivendum, iis omnis aetas gravis est,
Cic. de Sen. 2, 4; cf.:
onus officii,
id. Rosc. Am. 38, 112; id. Rep. 1, 23:
et facilior et minus aliis gravis aut molesta vita est otiosorum,
id. Off. 1, 21, 70; id. Rep. 1, 4:
miserior graviorque fortuna,
Caes. B. G. 1, 32, 4:
haec si gravia aut acerba videantur, multo illa gravius aestimare debere, etc.,
id. ib. 7, 14 fin.:
velim si tibi grave non erit, me certiorem facias,
Cic. Fam. 13, 73, 2:
grave est homini pudenti petere aliquid magnum,
id. Fam. 2, 6, 1; id. Att. 1, 5, 4:
est in populum Romanum grave, non posse, etc.,
id. Balb. 7, 24:
verbum gravius,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 58, § 134:
ne quid gravius in fratrem statueret... quod si quid ei a Caesare gravius accidisset, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 1, 20, 1 and 4:
gravissimum supplicium,
id. ib. 1, 31, 15:
habemus senatusconsultum in te, Catilina, vehemens et grave,
Cic. Cat. 1, 1, 3:
edictum,
Liv. 29, 21, 5:
gravioribus bellis,
Cic. Rep. 1, 40:
gravis esse alicui,
id. Fam. 13, 76, 2; cf.:
adversarius imperii,
id. Off. 3, 22, 86:
gravior hostis,
Liv. 10, 18, 6:
senes ad ludum adolescentium descendant, ne sint iis odiosi et graves,
Cic. Rep. 1, 43:
gravis popularibus esse coepit,
Liv. 44, 30, 5.—Prov.:
gravis malae conscientiae lux est,
Sen. Ep. 122.—
B.
In a good sense, weighty, important, grave; with respect to character, of weight or authority, eminent, venerable, great:
numquam erit alienis gravis, qui suis se concinnat levem,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 58:
quod apud omnes leve et infirmum est, id apud judicem grave et sanctum esse ducetur?
Cic. Rosc. Com. 2, 6:
ea (honestas) certe omni pondere gravior habenda est quam reliqua omnia,
id. Off. 3, 8, 35; id. Deiot. 2, 5:
cum gravibus seriisque rebus satisfecerimus,
id. ib. 1, 29, 103:
auctoritas clarissimi viri et in rei publicae maximis gravissimisque causis cogniti,
id. Fam. 5, 12, 7; cf. causa, Lucil. ap. Non. 315, 31; Quint. 1, 2, 3; Caes. B. C. 1, 44, 4:
gravius erit tuum unum verbum ad eam rem, quam centum mea,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 107:
ut potentia senatus atque auctoritas minueretur: quae tamen gravis et magna remanebat,
Cic. Rep. 2, 34:
sententiis non tam gravibus et severis quam concinnis et venustis,
id. Brut. 95, 325:
gravior oratio,
id. de Or. 2, 56, 227:
nihil sibi gravius esse faciendum, quam ut, etc.,
id. Clu. 6, 16:
inceptis gravibus et magna professis,
Hor. A. P. 14:
exemplum grave praebet ales, etc.,
id. C. 4, 11, 26:
non tulit ullos haec civitas aut gloria clariores, aut auctoritate graviores, aut humanitate politiores,
Cic. de Or. 2, 37, 154:
et esse et videri omnium gravissimus et severissimus,
id. ib. 2, 56, 228:
homo prudens et gravis,
id. ib. 1, 9, 38:
neque oratio abhorrens a persona hominis gravissimi,
id. Rep. 1, 15 fin.:
auctor,
id. Pis. 6, 14:
testis,
id. Fam. 2, 2:
non idem apud graves viros, quod leviores (decet),
Quint. 11, 1, 45:
vir bonus et gravis,
id. 11, 3, 184:
gravissimi sapientiae magistri,
id. 12, 1, 36:
tum pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem Conspexere,
Verg. A. 1, 151:
gravissima civitas,
Cic. Rep. 1, 3:
gravem atque opulentam civitatem vineis et pluteis cepit,
an important city, Liv. 34, 17, 12.— Hence, adv.: grăvĭter.
1.
Weightily, heavily, ponderously (very rare):
aëra per purum graviter simulacra feruntur,
Lucr. 4, 302; cf.:
graviter cadere,
id. 1, 741; Ov. P. 1, 7, 49.—
b.
Transf.
(α).
Of tones, deeply:
natura fert, ut extrema ex altera parte graviter, ex altera autem acute sonent,
Cic. Rep. 6, 18; Lucr. 4, 543.—Far more freq.,
(β).
Vehemently, strongly, violently:
graviter crepuerunt fores,
Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 52; so,
spirantibus flabris,
Lucr. 6, 428; Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 2:
pertentat tremor terras,
Lucr. 6, 287:
ferire aliquem,
Verg. A. 12, 295:
conquassari omnia,
Lucr. 5, 105; cf.:
quae gravissime afflictae erant naves,
Caes. B. G. 4, 31, 2.—
2.
Trop.
a.
Vehemently, violently, deeply, severely; harshly, unpleasantly, disagreeably:
graviter aegrotare,
Cic. Off. 1, 10, 32:
se habere,
id. Att. 7, 2, 3:
neque is sum, qui gravissime ex vobis mortis periculo terrear,
Caes. B. G. 5, 30, 2:
gravissime dolere,
id. ib. 5, 54 fin.:
quem ego amarem graviter,
Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 87; cf.: placere occoepit graviter, postquam est mortua, [p. 829] Caecil. ap. Non. 314, 19:
tibi edepol iratus sum graviter,
Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 2:
cives gravissime dissentientes,
Cic. Phil. 12, 11, 27:
si me meis civibus injuria suspectum tam graviter atque offensum viderem,
id. Cat. 1, 7, 17:
graviter angi,
id. Lael. 3, 10:
tulit hoc commune dedecus jam familiae graviter filius,
with chagrin, vexation, id. Clu. 6, 16; cf.:
graviter et acerbe aliquid ferre,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 58, § 152:
graviter accipere aliquid,
id. de Or. 2, 52, 211; Tac. A. 13, 36; cf.:
adolescentulus saepe eadem et graviter audiendo victus est,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 62:
nolo in illum gravius dicere,
more harshly, id. Ad. 1, 2, 60; cf.:
de amplissimis viris gravissime acerbissimeque decernitur,
Caes. B. C. 1, 5, 4; id. B. G. 3, 16, 4; cf.
also: severe et graviter et prisce agere,
Cic. Cael. 14, 33:
ut non gravius accepturi viderentur, si nuntiarentur omnibus eo loco mortem oppetendam esse,
more sorrowfully, Liv. 9, 4, 6.—
b.
In an impressive or dignified manner, impressively, gravely, seriously, with propriety or dignity:
his de rebus tantis tamque atrocibus neque satis me commode dicere neque satis graviter conqueri neque satis libere vociferari posse intelligo. Nam commoditati ingenium, gravitati aetas, libertati tempora sunt impedimento,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 4, 9:
(Scipio) utrumque egit graviter,
with dignity, id. Lael. 21, 77:
res gestas narrare graviter,
id. Or. 9, 30; cf.:
locum graviter et copiose tractare,
id. Fin. 4, 2, 5.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > gravis
56 inter

inter, adv., and prep. with acc. [kindred to in, intra; Sanscr. antar; Goth. undar; Germ. unter; Engl. under].
I.
Adv., in the midst, in between ( poet. and rare):
dumque pii petit ora patris stetit arduus inter pontus,
Val. Fl. 5, 337:
tot montibus inter diviso,
id. 6, 220; 8, 382. —
II.
Prep., with acc., between, belwixt, among, amid, surrounded by.
A.
Lit., in space.
1.
Of position only.
a.
Referring to two places or objects, between:
qui (mons Jura) est inter Sequanos et Helvetios,
Caes. B. G. 1, 2:
cum inter me et Brundisium Caesar esset,
Cic. Att. 9, 2:
inter Padum atque Alpes,
Liv. 5, 35:
ager Tarquiniorum, qui inter urbem ac Tiberim fuit,
id. 2, 5:
locus inter duos lucos,
id. 1, 8, 5:
apud Artemisium inter Euboeam continentemque terram,
id. 2, 5, 2; so,
inter haec maria Asia,
Curt. 3, 1, 13.—
b.
Referring to more than two places or objects, among, in the midst of:
inter hostium tela versari,
Cic. de Or. 1, 46:
inter multos saucios spe incertae vitae relictus,
Liv. 2, 17, 4:
rex inter primos constiterat,
Curt. 5, 3, 9:
inter multitudinem,
Liv. 22, 13, 2:
inter lignarios,
id. 35, 41, 10:
repertae inter spolia catenae,
Tac. A. 2, 18:
vicos aut inter vias manere,
Suet. Caes. 39:
inter ingentes solitudines,
Sall. J 89, 4:
inter deserta ferarum Lustra domosque,
Verg. A. 3, 646.— So, even with a noun in the sing., in the midst of, surrounded by:
erat inter ceteram planitiem mons,
Sall. J. 92, 5:
tibicines inter exercitum positi,
Gell. 1, 11, 3:
inter caedem aquila,
Tac. A. 1, 60; cf.:
inter ceteram praedam,
Liv. 22, 16, 7; 8, 10, 10:
inter purpuram atque aurum,
id. 9, 17, 16. —
2.
With verbs of motion.
a.
Between, through, among:
inter medias stationes hostium erupere,
Liv. 35, 11:
acies inter bina castra procedunt,
id. 4, 18, 3; Tac. A. 14, 33:
inter oppositas classes transmisit,
Suet. Caes. 58:
spatiabatur in nemore Parmenion medius inter duces,
Curt. 7, 2, 23:
medios inter hostes Londinium perrexit,
Tac. A. 14, 33.—
b.
Pregn., including motion to and position between or among things mentioned, among, into the midst of:
inter densas, umbrosa cacumina, fagos Adsidue veniebat,
Verg. E. 2, 3:
te mea dextera magna inter praemia ducet,
id. A. 12, 437:
dico te priore nocte venisse inter falcarios in Laecae domum,
among the scythe-makers, into the street of the scythe-makers, Cic. Cat. 1, 4, 8.—
B.
Transf., of relations conceived as local.
1.
In discrimination (doubt, choice, etc.), between two or more objects:
judicium inter deas tres,
Cic. Div. 1, 50, 114; cf.:
inter Marcellos et Claudios patricios judicare,
id. de Or. 1, 39, 176:
inter has sententias dijudicare,
id. Tusc. 1, 11, 23:
inter diversas opiniones electio, Quint. prooem. 2: discrimen inter gratiosos cives atque fortes,
id. Balb. 21, 49:
inter optime valere et gravissime aegrotare nihil prorsus interesse,
id. Fin. 2, 13, 43:
qui bellum et pacem inter dubitabant,
Tac. A. 12, 32:
trepidare inter scelus metumque,
id. H. 3, 39:
inter pugnae fugaeque consilium,
Liv. 1, 27.—So, with inter repeated:
ut nihil inter te atque inter quadrupedem aliquam putes interesse,
Cic. Par. 1; id. Fin. 1, 9, 30:
quid intersit inter popularem civem et inter constantem, severum et gravem,
id. Lael. 25, 95.—
2.
In expressing any relation which connects two or more persons, conceived as between or among them (strife, rivalry, friendship, intercourse, etc.).
(α).
In gen.:
quos inter magna fuit contentio,
Nep. Mil. 4, 4:
Nestor componere lites Inter Peliden festinat et inter Atriden,
Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 12:
certamen inter primores civitates,
Liv. 10, 6.—Esp., with pronouns, to express all reciprocal relations, among, with, or between one another; mutually, together:
quasi nunc non norimus nos inter nos,
Ter. Ad. 2, 4, 7; Cic. Div. 1, 28, 58; id. Att. 10, 4, 10; id. N. D. 1, 26, 51:
quod colloquimur inter nos,
with one another, id. de Or. 1, 8, 32; cf.:
inter nos naturā ad civilem communitatem conjuncti sumus,
id. Fin. 3, 20, 66:
vobis inter vos voluntatem fuisse conjunctam,
id. Div. in Caecil. 11, 34: Ciceronis pueri amant inter se, love one another (like the Fr. s ' entr ' aimer), id. Att. 6, 1, 12:
inter se consultare,
id. de Or. 2, 3, 13:
inter se amare,
id. Q. Fr. 3, 3, 1:
neque solum se colent inter se ac diligent,
id. Lael. 22, 82:
Di inter se diligunt,
id. N. D. 1, 44, 122:
furtim inter se aspiciebant,
id. Cat. 3, 5, 13:
complecti inter se lacrimantes milites coepisse,
Liv. 7, 42:
haec inter se cum repugnent, plerique non vident,
Cic. Tusc. 3, 29, 72:
inter se nondum satis noti,
Liv. 21, 39:
ratio et oratio conciliat homines inter se,
Cic. Off. 1, 16, 50:
ne nostra nobiscum aut inter nos cessatio vituperetur,
id. Fam. 9, 3, 4:
quae res eos in magno diuturnoque bello inter se habuit,
Sall. J. 79, 3.—Sometimes pleon., the reciprocal relation being sufficiently expressed by the context:
manus conserentis inter se Romanos exercitus,
Sall. H. 1, 41, 19 Dietsch:
Ulixes cum Ajace summa vi contendere inter se,
Dict. Cret. 5, 14:
conferti inter se,
id. 2, 46.—
(β).
So of things:
ita effici complexiones atomorum inter se,
mutual, reciprocal, Cic. Fin. 1, 6, 19:
colles duos inter se propinquos occupat,
near one another, Sall. J. 98, 3:
haud procul inter se erant,
id. ib. 41, 2:
multum inter se distant istae facultates,
Cic. de Or. 1, 49, 215:
res inter se similes,
Quint. 9, 2, 51:
inter se dissimilis,
id. 9, 4, 17.—
(γ).
Of a common privacy, secrecy, etc.: inter nos, between or among ourselves, confidentially, like the Fr. entre nous:
nec consulto dicis occulte, sed quod inter nos liceat, ne tu quidem intellegis,
Cic. N. D. 1, 26, 74:
quod inter nos liceat dicere,
id. Att. 2, 4:
quod inter nos sit,
but let that be between ourselves, Sen. Ep. 12, 2. —
(δ).
With nouns denoting a multitude of persons, like apud (not ante-Aug.):
haudquaquam inter id genus contemptor habebatur,
Liv. 6, 34, 5:
inter hostes variae fuere sententiae,
id. 4, 18, 1:
credula fama inter gaudentes,
Tac. H. 1, 34:
more inter veteres recepto,
id. ib. 2, 85.—
3.
Of a class of persons or things to which the subject is referred.
a.
In gen., among:
homines inter suos nobiles,
Cic. Fl. 22, 52:
inter suos et honestus et nobilis,
id. Clu. 5, 11:
in oratoribus vero admirabile est, quantum inter omnes unus excellat,
id. Or. 2, 6:
inter philosophos (Xenophon) reddendus est,
Quint. 10, 1, 37:
ille Croesus, inter reges opulentissimus,
Sen. Contr. 2, 9:
Borysthenes inter Scythiae amnes amoenissimus,
Mel. 2, 1, 6.— So freq. with sup., inter and acc. take the place of a gen.:
honestissimus inter suos numerabatur,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 6, 16:
plurimum inter eos valere,
Caes. B. G. 2, 4, 4:
maximum imperium inter finitimos,
Liv. 5, 3, 10:
inter Atheniensīs longe clarissimi,
Curt. 4, 13, 15; Plin. 34, 8, 21, § 81; Petr. 78; Sen. Suas. 2, 7; 2, 12; Just. 12, 7, 2; 36, 2, 6.
b.
Esp.: inter paucos, etc., [p. 977] among few, i. e. among the few select ones, eminently, especially:
pingunt et vestes in Aegypto inter pauca mirabili genere,
Plin. 35, 11, 42, § 150; cf.:
sternutamento utilis inter pauca,
id. 24, 11, 58, § 97:
pugna inter paucas memorata populi Romani clades,
Liv. 22, 7; cf.:
inter paucos disertus,
Quint. 10, 3, 13:
inter paucos familiarium Neroni assumptus est,
Tac. A. 16, 18:
claritudine paucos inter senum regum,
id. ib. 11, 10; so, inter alios: judicatur inter alios omnes beatus, qui in proelio profuderit animam, among all others to be noticed, i. e. especially, in the highest degree, Amm. 2, 3, 6; so,
inter cuncta,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 96:
inter omnia,
Curt. 3, 3, 18:
inter cetera,
Liv. 37, 12.—
c.
In judic. lang., t. t.: inter sicarios, on the charge of assassination:
cum praetor quaestionem inter sicarios exercuisset,
Cic. Fin. 2, 16, 54; id. Clu. 53, 147; cf.:
in recuperatorio judicio ejus maleficii, de quo inter sicarios quaeritur,
id. Inv. 2, 20, 60:
longo intervallo judicium inter sicarios hoc primum committitur,
id. Rosc. Am. 5, 11:
sexcenti sunt, qui inter sicarios et de veneficiis accusabant,
id. ib. 32, 90:
si ostenderis, quomodo sis eos inter sicarios defensurus,
id. Phil. 2, 4, 8.—
4.
In some idiomatic phrases.
a.
Inter manus, within reach, i. e. close at hand:
ante oculos interque manus sunt omnia vestras,
Verg. A. 11, 311; also, upon or in the hands:
inter manus domum ablatus,
Liv. 3, 13:
inter quas (manus) collapsus extinguitur,
Curt. 8, 2, 39:
inter manus auferri,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 11, § 28:
inter manus meas crevit,
under my hands, Sen. Ep. 12:
manus inter maestorumque ora parentum,
before their faces and within their reach, Verg. A. 2, 681.—
b.
Inter viam, vias, on the way:
dum rus eo, coepi egomet mecum inter vias,
Ter. Eun. 4, 2, 1; Plaut. Poen. 5, 3, 43:
si se inter viam obtulerit,
Cic. Att. 4, 3, 5. —
C.
Of time.
a.
Between two dates or periods specified:
dies XLV. inter binos ludos,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 52 fin.; Liv. 1, 3.—
b.
During, in the course of, within; for which, in English, we sometimes use by or at:
quot prandia inter continuum perdidi triennium,
Plaut. Stich. 1, 3, 61:
omnia agentur, quae inter decem annos nefarie flagitioseque facta sunt,
Cic. Verr. 1, 13; cf.:
qui inter annos tot unus inventus sit, quem, etc.,
id. de Imp. Pomp. 23, 68:
inter ipsum pugnae tempus,
Liv. 36, 20:
inter noctem lux orta,
id. 32, 29:
qui plus cernant oculis per noctem quam inter diem,
Gell. 9, 4.—
c.
Freq., with substt., to denote an act performed at a certain time, in the course of, while:
haec inter cenam Tironi dictavi,
at table, Cic. Quint. Fragm. 3, 1, 6; cf.:
illuseras heri inter scyphos,
id. Fam. 7, 22:
inter fulmina et tonitrua,
id. Phil. 5, 6, 15:
promptior inter tenebras affirmatio,
Tac. A. 2, 82:
inter initia,
at the beginning, Cels. 3, 25.—
d.
During, and hence under the circumstances described, i. e. in spite of, notwithstanding:
nobis inter has turbas senatus tamen frequens flagitavit triumphum,
amid, in spite of these commotions, Cic. Fam. 16, 11:
utrumque consilium aspernatus, quod inter ancipitia deterrimum est, dum media sequitur,
Tac. H. 3, 40:
senum coloniae inter male parentes et injuste imperantes aegra municipia et discordantia,
id. Agr. 32; cf.:
ita neutris cura posteritatis inter infensos vel obnoxios,
id. H. 1, 1.—
e.
Inter haec, inter quae, meanwhile, during this time:
= interea, inter haec major alius terror,
in the mean time, Liv. 2, 24; cf.:
inter haec jam praemissi Albam erant equites,
id. 1, 29; 3, 57, 7; 44, 10, 5; Curt. 3, 1, 1; Suet. Tib. 8; 63:
inter quae tribuni plebei petivere, etc.,
Tac. A. 1, 15; 2, 34; 58; 3, 33; id. H. 1, 78; Curt. 4, 2, 10:
inter quae unctione uti licet,
Cels. 4, 2, 3.—
So with gerunds and gerundives: inter agendum,
at, while, Verg. E. 9, 24; Quint. 12, 3, 10:
inter disceptandum,
id. 12, 7, 6:
inter res agendas,
Suet. Caes. 45.—
D.
In composition its final r is assimilated in intellego and its derivatives.
a.
Between; as, intercedere, interponere. —
b.
At intervals, from time to time; as, interaestuare, intermittere, intervisere.—
c.
Under, down, to the bottom; as, interire, interficere.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > inter
57 intercido

1.
inter-cīdo, īdi, īsum, 3, v. a. [caedo], to cut asunder, cut up, cut to pieces, divide, pierce, cut through.
I.
Lit.:
harundinetum,
to thin out by cutting, Col. 4, 32, 4:
venas,
Plin. 11, 37, 65, § 174:
radices,
id. 18, 19, 49, 2, § 177:
olivas acuto calamo,
Pall. Nov. 22, 3:
lacus, interciso monte, in Nar defluit,
Cic. Att. 4, 15, 5; cf.:
an Isthmos intercidi possit,
Quint. 8, 3, 46:
aedis,
Dig. 9, 2, 49:
flammas ignis,
Vulg. Psa. 28, 7:
pontem,
to cut down, Liv. 36, 6.—
B.
Esp., of accounts, to mutilate, falsify:
commentarios,
Plin. Ep. 6, 22, 4:
rationes dominicas,
Dig. 11, 3, 1, § 5. —
II.
Transf., to part, divide, cut up, mangle, mutilate, destroy:
sententias,
to pervert in reading, Gell. 13, 30, 9:
lux intercisa,
Stat. Th. 2, 184:
jugum mediocri valle a castris intercisum,
separated, Hirt. B. G. 8, 14: dies intercisi, half-holidays: intercisi dies sunt, per quos mane et vesperi est nefas;
medio tempore, inter hostiam caesam et exta porrecta, fas: a quo quod fas tum intercedit: aut eo est intercisum nefas, intercisum,
Varr. L. L. 6, § 31 Müll.; cf. Macr. S. 1, 16; Ov. F. 1, 49. — Hence, intercīsē, adv., piecemeal, interruptedly, confusedly, Cic. Part. Or. 7, 24; Gell. 11, 2, 5:
dictum,
syncopated, id. 15, 3, 4.
2.
inter-cĭdo, ĭdi, 3, v. n. [cado], to fall between.
I.
Lit.:
ita in arto stipatae erant naves ut vix ullum telum in mari vanum intercideret,
Liv. 26, 39; 21, 8; 3, 10, 6.—
II.
Transf.
A.
To occur meanwhile, to happen:
si quae interciderunt, etc.,
Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 3. —
B.
To fall to the ground, go to ruin, be lost, perish: pereant amici, dum una inimici intercidant, Poët. ap. Cic. Deiot. 9, 25:
intercidunt ova,
Plin. 9, 51, 74, § 163:
credo, quia nulla gesta res insignem fecerit consulatum, memoriā intercidisse,
Liv. 2, 8, 5:
utrum pejorem vocas, apud quem gratia beneficii intercidit, an apud quem etiam memoria?
Sen. Ben. 3, 1:
augur erat: nomen longis intercidit annis,
Ov. F. 2, 433:
sive (opera) exstant, sive intercidere,
Plin. 35, 8, 34, § 53:
haec sequenti tempore interciderunt,
Quint. 1, 5, 52:
cum verba intercidant invalescantque temporibus,
fall into disuse, become obsolete, id. 10, 2, 13:
quod si interciderit tibi nunc aliquid (= excidit e memoria),
something escapes you, you have forgotten something, Hor. S. 2, 4, 6.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > intercido
58 obstrepo

ob-strĕpo, ŭi, ĭtum, 3, v. n. and a.
A.
Neutr.
1.
Prop., to make a noise against or at; to roar or resound at; to resound, sound.—With dat.:
marisque Baiis obstrepentis urges Submovere litora,
Hor. C. 2, 18, 20:
remotis Obstrepit Oceanus Britannis,
id. ib. 4, 14, 48:
multaque nativis obstrepit arbor aquis,
Prop. 4 (5), 4, 4:
si, intrante te, clamor, et plausus, et pantomimica ornamenta obstrepuerint, si, etc.,
Sen. Ep. 29, 12:
fontesque lymphis obstrepunt manantibus,
Hor. Epod. 2, 27:
tympana... raucis Obstrepuere sonis,
Ov. M. 4, 392:
garrula per ramos avis obstrepit,
sings aloud, Sen. Oedip. 454:
jam genus totum obstrepit,
makes loud lament, Sen. Herc. Oet. 758.— Impers., there is a noise, a noise arises:
non statim, si quid obstrepet, abiciendi codices erunt, etc.,
if there shall be a noise, Quint. 30, 3, 28.—
2.
Trop.
a.
To bawl or shout against; to clamor or cry out against.
(α).
Absol.:
adversarius obstrepit,
Quint. 12, 6, 5.—
(β).
With dat.:
certatim alter alteri obstrepere,
Liv. 1, 40 fin.:
ut quodammodo ipsi sibi in dicendo obstrepere videantur,
Cic. de Or. 3, 13, 50.—
(γ).
Impers. pass.:
decemviro obstrepitur,
Liv. 3, 49, 4.—
b.
To annoy, molest, be troublesome to.—With dat.:
quae res fecit, ut tibi litteris obstrepere non auderem,
Cic. Fam. 5, 4, 1.—
c.
To impede or hinder; to prove an obstacle, hinderance, or injury to.
(α).
With dat.:
detrectare Pompeium, actisque ejus obstrepere,
Flor. 4, 2, 9:
remove parentem, ne tuae laudi obstrepat,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 1030.—
(β).
Absol.:
mhil sensere (Poeni), obstrepente pluviā,
Liv. 21, 56, 9:
ut accipiatur circumjecto candore lux, et, temperato repercussu, non obstrepat,
Plin. 11, 37, 55, § 148: scelerati, conscientiā obstrepente, condormire non possunt, Curt. 6, 10, 14:
sed clausae sunt aures, obstrepente irā,
id. 8, 1, 48.—
d.
To cry out against, blame.—With dat.:
huic definitioni ita obstrepunt,
Gell. 6, 2, 4.—
B.
Act., to clamor against; to oppose, disturb:
tamen ejus modi, etiam cum leguntur, obstrepi clamore militum videntur, et tubarum sono,
Cic. Marcell. 3, 9:
quae in Cn. Pompeium congesta sunt: hinc assensione favoris, illinc fremitu invidiae, litterarum monumentis obstrepuntur,
are perverted, distorted, Val. Max. 8, 15, 8.—
2.
To fill with noise, cause to resound:
secretus ab omni voce locus, si non opstreperetur aquis,
Ov. F. 6, 9.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > obstrepo
59 patefacio

pătĕfăcĭo, fēci, factum, 3 (scanned pătēfēcit, Lucr. 4, 320; and in pass. pătēfīet, id. 6, 1001), v. a. [pateo-facio], to make or lay open, to open, throw open (freq. and class.; syn.: pando, recludo, aperio).
I.
Lit.:
iter,
Cic. N. D. 2, 56, 141:
patefacere et munire alicui aditum ad aliquid,
id. Fam. 13, 78, 2:
aures assentatoribus,
id. Off. 1, 26, 91:
portas,
Liv. 2, 15:
ordines, aciem,
id. 28, 14:
sulcum aratro,
Ov. M. 3, 104:
oculos,
Plin. 11, 37, 55, § 150: patefacta triumphis Janua. Prop. 1, 16, 1:
iter per Alpes patefieri volebat,
Caes. B. G. 3, 1; cf. Inscr. Marin. Fratr. Arv. p. 27.— Poet.:
postera lux radiis latum patefecerat orbem,
i. e. had exposed to view, made visible, Ov. M. 9, 794.—Esp. (= anoigein), to open the way, as a discoverer or pioneer; to be the first to find:
vias,
Caes. B G 7, 8:
tellus in longas est patefacta vias,
Tib. 1, 3, 36, cf.:
patefactumque nostris legionibus Pontum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 8, 21:
loca,
Nep. Hann. 3, 4.—
II.
Trop., to disclose, expose, detect, bring to light: si hoc celatur, in metu;
sin patefit, in probro sum,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 4, 6:
odium suum in aliquem,
Cic. Att. 11, 13, 2:
patefacere verum et illustrare,
id. Lael. 26, 97:
rem,
id. Q. Fr. 2, 6, 5:
patefacere et proferre aliquid,
id. Mil. 37, 103:
veritas patefacta,
id. Sull. 16, 45; id. Ac. 2, 39, 122:
Lentulus patefactus indiciis,
convicted, id. Cat 3, 6, 15:
qui ea proferenda et patefacienda curavit,
id. Fl. 2, 5:
se aliquid patefacturam,
id. Ac. 2, 14, 44.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > patefacio
60 pateo

păteo, ŭi, 2, v. n. root pat. (perh. orig. spat.; cf. spatium); Gr petannumi, pitnêmi, to spread out; petasma, curtain; petalon, leaf; cf.: patulus, patina; also perh. pando (for pantdo)], to stand open, lie open, be open.
I.
Lit.:
januae, aedes patent,
Plaut. As. 1, 3, 89:
facite totae plateae pateant,
id. Aul. 3, 1, 2. nares semper propter necessarias utilitates patent, Cic. N. D. 2, 57, 145:
omnibus haec ad visendum patebant cotidie,
id. Verr 2, 4, 3, § 5:
cur valvae Concordiae non patent?
id. Phil. 2, 44, 112:
semitae patuerant,
Caes. B. G. 7, 8:
ne fugae quidem patebat locus,
Liv. 27, 18:
patuere fores,
Ov. M. 2, 768: (fenestrae) sine injuriā patent, Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 16 et saep. —
B.
In partic.
1.
To lie open, be exposed to any thing:
patens vulneri equus,
Liv. 31, 39, 12:
latus ictui,
Tac. H. 5, 11.—
2.
To stretch out, extend (cf. porrigor):
Helvetiorum fines in longitudinem milia passuum CCXL. patebant,
Caes. B. G. 1, 2; 1, 10:
schoenus patet stadia XL.,
Plin. 12, 14, 30, § 53.—
II.
Trop.
A.
In gen., to be open, free, allowable, accessible, attainable:
si nobis is cursus pateret,
Cic. Att. 10, 12, 4:
ad quos omnis nobis aditus, qui paene solis patuit, obstructus est,
id. Brut. 4, 16:
praemia quae pateant stipendiariis,
id. Balb. 9, 24:
ut intellegant omnia Ciceronis patere Trebiano,
id. Fam. 6, 10, 3: alicui, to yield to:
lux aeterna mihi... dabatur, Si mea virginitas Phoebo patuisset amanti,
Ov. M. 14, 133; id. A. A. 1, 362; Auct. Priap. 83.—
B.
In partic.
1.
Of the hearing, etc., to be open, ready to hear:
(constare inter omnis video) patere aurīs tuas querelis omnium,
Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 8, § 25:
si cujus aures ad hanc disputationem patent,
id. Fam. 3, 8, 3: meas auris... omnium praeceptis patuisse. id. Phil. 14, 7, 20:
tamquam nullo magis tempore ad simplices cogitationes pateat animus,
Tac. G. 22, 2:
semita Tranquillae per virtutem patet unica vitae,
Juv. 10, 364.—
2.
To be exposed or subject to any thing, Cic. Off. 1, 21, 73:
longis morbis senectus, acutis adulescentia magis patet,
Cels. 2, 1:
qui vanus et excors est patebit contemptui,
Vulg. Prov 12, 8.—
3.
To extend:
in quo vitio latissime patet avaritia,
Cic. Off. 1, 7, 20:
late patet et ad multos pertinet,
id. de Or. 1, 55, 235.—
4.
To be clear, plain, well known, evident, manifest (cf.:
appareo, detegor): operta quae fuere, aperta sunt, patent praestigiae,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 3, 9:
cum illa pateant in promptuque sint omnibus, etc.,
Cic. de Or. 1, 6, 23:
quod in tabulis patebat,
id. Phil. 2, 37, 93:
in adversariis (hoc nomen) patere contendit,
id. Rosc. Com. 2, 5.—With subject-clause:
cum pateat aeternum id esse, quod, etc.,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 23, 54.— Absol.:
quid porro quaerendum est? factumne sit? at constat: a quo? at patet,
Cic. Mil. 6, 15.—Hence, pă-tens, entis, P. a., open, accessible, unobstructed, passable.
A.
Lit.:
caelum ex omni parte patens atque apertum,
Cic. Div. 1, 1, 2:
campi patentes,
Sall. J. 101, 11.— Comp.:
in locis patentioribus,
Caes. B. G. 7, 28:
via patentior,
Liv. 7, 36.—
2.
Transf., open, wide:
dolium quam patentissimi oris,
Col. 12, 6.—
B.
Trop.
1.
Open, exposed:
domus patens, et exposita cupiditati et voluptatibus,
Cic. Quint. 30, 93:
pelagoque volans da vela patenti,
Verg. G. 2, 41:
urbs patens,
unwalled, Vulg. Prov. 25, 28.—
2.
Evident, manifest:
causa,
Ov. M. 9, 536.—

* Adv.: pătenter, openly, clearly; in comp.:
patentius et expeditius (opp: implicite et abscondite),
Cic. Inv. 2, 23, 69

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > pateo

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