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pattern+analysis

  • 41 Creativity

       Put in this bald way, these aims sound utopian. How utopian they areor rather, how imminent their realization-depends on how broadly or narrowly we interpret the term "creative." If we are willing to regard all human complex problem solving as creative, then-as we will point out-successful programs for problem solving mechanisms that simulate human problem solvers already exist, and a number of their general characteristics are known. If we reserve the term "creative" for activities like discovery of the special theory of relativity or the composition of Beethoven's Seventh Symphony, then no example of a creative mechanism exists at the present time. (Simon, 1979, pp. 144-145)
       Among the questions that can now be given preliminary answers in computational terms are the following: how can ideas from very different sources be spontaneously thought of together? how can two ideas be merged to produce a new structure, which shows the influence of both ancestor ideas without being a mere "cut-and-paste" combination? how can the mind be "primed," so that one will more easily notice serendipitous ideas? why may someone notice-and remember-something fairly uninteresting, if it occurs in an interesting context? how can a brief phrase conjure up an entire melody from memory? and how can we accept two ideas as similar ("love" and "prove" as rhyming, for instance) in respect of a feature not identical in both? The features of connectionist AI models that suggest answers to these questions are their powers of pattern completion, graceful degradation, sensitization, multiple constraint satisfaction, and "best-fit" equilibration.... Here, the important point is that the unconscious, "insightful," associative aspects of creativity can be explained-in outline, at least-by AI methods. (Boden, 1996, p. 273)
       There thus appears to be an underlying similarity in the process involved in creative innovation and social independence, with common traits and postures required for expression of both behaviors. The difference is one of product-literary, musical, artistic, theoretical products on the one hand, opinions on the other-rather than one of process. In both instances the individual must believe that his perceptions are meaningful and valid and be willing to rely upon his own interpretations. He must trust himself sufficiently that even when persons express opinions counter to his own he can proceed on the basis of his own perceptions and convictions. (Coopersmith, 1967, p. 58)
       he average level of ego strength and emotional stability is noticeably higher among creative geniuses than among the general population, though it is possibly lower than among men of comparable intelligence and education who go into administrative and similar positions. High anxiety and excitability appear common (e.g. Priestley, Darwin, Kepler) but full-blown neurosis is quite rare. (Cattell & Butcher, 1970, p. 315)
       he insight that is supposed to be required for such work as discovery turns out to be synonymous with the familiar process of recognition; and other terms commonly used in the discussion of creative work-such terms as "judgment," "creativity," or even "genius"-appear to be wholly dispensable or to be definable, as insight is, in terms of mundane and well-understood concepts. (Simon, 1989, p. 376)
       From the sketch material still in existence, from the condition of the fragments, and from the autographs themselves we can draw definite conclusions about Mozart's creative process. To invent musical ideas he did not need any stimulation; they came to his mind "ready-made" and in polished form. In contrast to Beethoven, who made numerous attempts at shaping his musical ideas until he found the definitive formulation of a theme, Mozart's first inspiration has the stamp of finality. Any Mozart theme has completeness and unity; as a phenomenon it is a Gestalt. (Herzmann, 1964, p. 28)
       Great artists enlarge the limits of one's perception. Looking at the world through the eyes of Rembrandt or Tolstoy makes one able to perceive aspects of truth about the world which one could not have achieved without their aid. Freud believed that science was adaptive because it facilitated mastery of the external world; but was it not the case that many scientific theories, like works of art, also originated in phantasy? Certainly, reading accounts of scientific discovery by men of the calibre of Einstein compelled me to conclude that phantasy was not merely escapist, but a way of reaching new insights concerning the nature of reality. Scientific hypotheses require proof; works of art do not. Both are concerned with creating order, with making sense out of the world and our experience of it. (Storr, 1993, p. xii)
       The importance of self-esteem for creative expression appears to be almost beyond disproof. Without a high regard for himself the individual who is working in the frontiers of his field cannot trust himself to discriminate between the trivial and the significant. Without trust in his own powers the person seeking improved solutions or alternative theories has no basis for distinguishing the significant and profound innovation from the one that is merely different.... An essential component of the creative process, whether it be analysis, synthesis, or the development of a new perspective or more comprehensive theory, is the conviction that one's judgment in interpreting the events is to be trusted. (Coopersmith, 1967, p. 59)
       In the daily stream of thought these four different stages [preparation; incubation; illumination or inspiration; and verification] constantly overlap each other as we explore different problems. An economist reading a Blue Book, a physiologist watching an experiment, or a business man going through his morning's letters, may at the same time be "incubating" on a problem which he proposed to himself a few days ago, be accumulating knowledge in "preparation" for a second problem, and be "verifying" his conclusions to a third problem. Even in exploring the same problem, the mind may be unconsciously incubating on one aspect of it, while it is consciously employed in preparing for or verifying another aspect. (Wallas, 1926, p. 81)
       he basic, bisociative pattern of the creative synthesis [is] the sudden interlocking of two previously unrelated skills, or matrices of thought. (Koestler, 1964, p. 121)
        11) The Earliest Stages in the Creative Process Involve a Commerce with Disorder
       Even to the creator himself, the earliest effort may seem to involve a commerce with disorder. For the creative order, which is an extension of life, is not an elaboration of the established, but a movement beyond the established, or at least a reorganization of it and often of elements not included in it. The first need is therefore to transcend the old order. Before any new order can be defined, the absolute power of the established, the hold upon us of what we know and are, must be broken. New life comes always from outside our world, as we commonly conceive that world. This is the reason why, in order to invent, one must yield to the indeterminate within him, or, more precisely, to certain illdefined impulses which seem to be of the very texture of the ungoverned fullness which John Livingston Lowes calls "the surging chaos of the unexpressed." (Ghiselin, 1985, p. 4)
       New life comes always from outside our world, as we commonly conceive our world. This is the reason why, in order to invent, one must yield to the indeterminate within him, or, more precisely, to certain illdefined impulses which seem to be of the very texture of the ungoverned fullness which John Livingston Lowes calls "the surging chaos of the unexpressed." Chaos and disorder are perhaps the wrong terms for that indeterminate fullness and activity of the inner life. For it is organic, dynamic, full of tension and tendency. What is absent from it, except in the decisive act of creation, is determination, fixity, and commitment to one resolution or another of the whole complex of its tensions. (Ghiselin, 1952, p. 13)
       [P]sychoanalysts have principally been concerned with the content of creative products, and with explaining content in terms of the artist's infantile past. They have paid less attention to examining why the artist chooses his particular activity to express, abreact or sublimate his emotions. In short, they have not made much distinction between art and neurosis; and, since the former is one of the blessings of mankind, whereas the latter is one of the curses, it seems a pity that they should not be better differentiated....
       Psychoanalysis, being fundamentally concerned with drive and motive, might have been expected to throw more light upon what impels the creative person that in fact it has. (Storr, 1993, pp. xvii, 3)
       A number of theoretical approaches were considered. Associative theory, as developed by Mednick (1962), gained some empirical support from the apparent validity of the Remote Associates Test, which was constructed on the basis of the theory.... Koestler's (1964) bisociative theory allows more complexity to mental organization than Mednick's associative theory, and postulates "associative contexts" or "frames of reference." He proposed that normal, non-creative, thought proceeds within particular contexts or frames and that the creative act involves linking together previously unconnected frames.... Simonton (1988) has developed associative notions further and explored the mathematical consequences of chance permutation of ideas....
       Like Koestler, Gruber (1980; Gruber and Davis, 1988) has based his analysis on case studies. He has focused especially on Darwin's development of the theory of evolution. Using piagetian notions, such as assimilation and accommodation, Gruber shows how Darwin's system of ideas changed very slowly over a period of many years. "Moments of insight," in Gruber's analysis, were the culminations of slow long-term processes.... Finally, the information-processing approach, as represented by Simon (1966) and Langley et al. (1987), was considered.... [Simon] points out the importance of good problem representations, both to ensure search is in an appropriate problem space and to aid in developing heuristic evaluations of possible research directions.... The work of Langley et al. (1987) demonstrates how such search processes, realized in computer programs, can indeed discover many basic laws of science from tables of raw data.... Boden (1990a, 1994) has stressed the importance of restructuring the problem space in creative work to develop new genres and paradigms in the arts and sciences. (Gilhooly, 1996, pp. 243-244; emphasis in original)

    Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Creativity

  • 42 reconocimiento de modelos

    Ex. This is an analysis of the reactivity of single bonds in aliphatic molecules by statistical and pattern recognition methods.
    * * *

    Ex: This is an analysis of the reactivity of single bonds in aliphatic molecules by statistical and pattern recognition methods.

    Spanish-English dictionary > reconocimiento de modelos

  • 43 reconocimiento de patrones

    Ex. This is an analysis of the reactivity of single bonds in aliphatic molecules by statistical and pattern recognition methods.
    * * *

    Ex: This is an analysis of the reactivity of single bonds in aliphatic molecules by statistical and pattern recognition methods.

    Spanish-English dictionary > reconocimiento de patrones

  • 44 riguroso

    adj.
    1 rigorous, severe, strict, stern.
    2 harsh.
    * * *
    1 (severo) rigorous, severe, strict
    2 (clima) rigorous, severe, harsh
    3 (exacto) exact
    4 (minucioso) meticulous
    * * *
    (f. - rigurosa)
    adj.
    rigorous, strict
    * * *
    ADJ
    1) [control, dieta, disciplina] strict; [actitud, castigo] severe, harsh; [medida] tough
    2) [invierno, clima] harsh
    3) (=concienzudo) [método, estudio] rigorous
    4) liter cruel
    * * *
    - sa adjetivo
    a) < método> rigorous; <dieta/control> strict

    en riguroso orden de llegada — strictly on a first come, first served basis

    en sentido riguroso... — strictly speaking...

    b) < juez> harsh; < maestro> strict; < castigo> severe, harsh
    c) < invierno> hard; < clima> harsh
    * * *
    = rigorous, severe [severer -comp., severest -sup.], strict [stricter -comp., strictest -sup.], tight [tighter -comp., tightest -sup.], thoroughgoing, Draconian, hard-line, harsh [harsher -comp., harshest -sup.], conscientious.
    Ex. You are already familiar with the idea of enumerating isolate concepts in the rigorous facet analysis of CC.
    Ex. Obviously if it were not for the fact that such indexes also have severe limitations there would be little need to produce any other type of subject index.
    Ex. This may lead to deviations from the strict and most obvious alphabetical sequence.
    Ex. Title indexes suffer from absence of tight terminology control.
    Ex. The project was not an end but merely a step along the road to more thoroughgoing bibliographic control.
    Ex. Now this may sound somewhat Draconian as an approach to the problem, but I really do believe, and I have studied this and thought about it very carefully for many years, that this is the only answer, that anything else is just an amelioration of the problem and is building up problems for the future.
    Ex. Many school districts have adopted a hard-line approach to reducing unexcused absenteeism; in one such district, truancy rates were reduced 45 percent when truants and their parents were taken to court.
    Ex. In this unhappy pattern SLIS are not being singled out for especially harsh treatment.
    Ex. Then the conscientious manager can help solve his problems without engaging in original laborious research or the risky practice of trial and error.
    ----
    * hacer más riguroso = tighten, tightening up.
    * * *
    - sa adjetivo
    a) < método> rigorous; <dieta/control> strict

    en riguroso orden de llegada — strictly on a first come, first served basis

    en sentido riguroso... — strictly speaking...

    b) < juez> harsh; < maestro> strict; < castigo> severe, harsh
    c) < invierno> hard; < clima> harsh
    * * *
    = rigorous, severe [severer -comp., severest -sup.], strict [stricter -comp., strictest -sup.], tight [tighter -comp., tightest -sup.], thoroughgoing, Draconian, hard-line, harsh [harsher -comp., harshest -sup.], conscientious.

    Ex: You are already familiar with the idea of enumerating isolate concepts in the rigorous facet analysis of CC.

    Ex: Obviously if it were not for the fact that such indexes also have severe limitations there would be little need to produce any other type of subject index.
    Ex: This may lead to deviations from the strict and most obvious alphabetical sequence.
    Ex: Title indexes suffer from absence of tight terminology control.
    Ex: The project was not an end but merely a step along the road to more thoroughgoing bibliographic control.
    Ex: Now this may sound somewhat Draconian as an approach to the problem, but I really do believe, and I have studied this and thought about it very carefully for many years, that this is the only answer, that anything else is just an amelioration of the problem and is building up problems for the future.
    Ex: Many school districts have adopted a hard-line approach to reducing unexcused absenteeism; in one such district, truancy rates were reduced 45 percent when truants and their parents were taken to court.
    Ex: In this unhappy pattern SLIS are not being singled out for especially harsh treatment.
    Ex: Then the conscientious manager can help solve his problems without engaging in original laborious research or the risky practice of trial and error.
    * hacer más riguroso = tighten, tightening up.

    * * *
    1 ‹método› rigorous; ‹dieta› strict
    se vistieron de luto riguroso they wore deep mourning
    en riguroso orden de llegada strictly on a first come, first served basis
    rigurosos controles de calidad strict o rigorous quality control checks
    en sentido riguroso, ése no es el significado de la palabra strictly speaking, that is not what the word means
    2 ‹juez› harsh; ‹maestro› strict; ‹castigo› severe, harsh; ‹invierno› hard; ‹clima› harsh, severe
    * * *

    riguroso
    ◊ -sa adjetivo

    a) ‹ método› rigorous;

    ‹dieta/control/orden› strict;
    ‹ examen› thorough;

    b) ‹ juez› harsh;

    ‹ maestro› strict;
    ‹ castigo› severe, harsh
    c) ‹ invierno› hard;

    ‹ clima› harsh
    riguroso,-a adjetivo
    1 (inflexible) severe, strict: es muy rigurososo con sus hijos, he's quite strict with his children
    2 (trabajo, investigador) rigorous: una rigurosa investigación, a rigorous investigation
    3 (clima) un riguroso otoño, a harsh autumn
    ' riguroso' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    escrupulosa
    - escrupuloso
    - investigación
    - rigurosa
    - duro
    - luto
    English:
    rigorous
    - severe
    - tight
    - vegetarian
    - exacting
    - harsh
    - intemperate
    - strict
    - stringent
    - thorough
    * * *
    riguroso, -a adj
    1. [severo] strict;
    el árbitro estuvo muy riguroso the referee was very strict;
    vestía de luto riguroso she was in strict mourning;
    sigue una dieta rigurosa he's on a strict diet;
    someten el proceso de fabricación a un riguroso control the manufacturing process is strictly o tightly controlled;
    las entradas se darán en riguroso orden de llegada the tickets will be issued strictly on a first come first served basis
    2. [exacto] rigorous;
    un análisis riguroso a rigorous analysis
    3. [inclemente] harsh;
    ha sido un invierno riguroso it has been a harsh winter
    * * *
    adj rigorous, harsh
    * * *
    riguroso, -sa adj
    : rigorous
    * * *
    1. (severo) strict
    2. (extremado) harsh

    Spanish-English dictionary > riguroso

  • 45 alifático

    adj.
    aliphatic.
    * * *
    Ex. This is an analysis of the reactivity of single bonds in aliphatic molecules by statistical and pattern recognition methods.
    * * *

    Ex: This is an analysis of the reactivity of single bonds in aliphatic molecules by statistical and pattern recognition methods.

    Spanish-English dictionary > alifático

  • 46 distribución

    f.
    1 distribution, division, design, sharing out.
    2 distribution, arrangement, formation, grouping.
    3 share-out.
    4 distributorship, right to supply.
    * * *
    1 distribution
    2 (colocación) arrangement
    3 (reparto) delivery
    * * *
    noun f.
    * * *
    SF
    1) (=reparto) [de víveres, mercancías, película] distribution; [de correo] delivery; [de trabajo, tarea] allocation; [de folletos] [en buzones] distribution; [en mano] handing out
    2) (Estadística) distribution
    3) (Arquit) layout, ground plan
    4) (Aut, Téc) distribution
    5) (Mec) timing gears pl
    * * *
    a) ( reparto) distribution
    b) (de producto, película) distribution
    c) (disposición, división) layout, arrangement
    d) (Auto) valve-operating gear
    * * *
    = apportionment, arrangement, cantonment, delivery, disposition, distribution, lay-out, layout, map, mapping, publication, distribution etc. area, scatter, scattering, sequencing, allotment, floor plan, dispensing, deliverance, hosting, landscape.
    Ex. Gaps are left in the apportionment of notation in order to permit new subjects to be inserted.
    Ex. The scheme is intended to provide a systematic approach to the arrangement of books on shelves.
    Ex. He added that the different ethnic groups had clustered in well-defined colonies but that with the passage of time these cantonments have become blurred.
    Ex. Entry of number '21' reverses the present delivery status.
    Ex. Their main concern was the readable disposition of machine readable records.
    Ex. The preliminary work began immediately with the drafting of a questionnaire designed to collect pertinent data on the distribution of authority files.
    Ex. This article outlines general requirements for a well-appointed restoration laboratory: filtered light, security alarms, good flood drainage, and lay-out.
    Ex. Diagrammatic presentation of the layout of the collection conveniently placed, for example, near the entrance.
    Ex. A detailed study of a co-citation map, its core documents' citation patterns and the related journal structures, is presented.
    Ex. Recently, proponents of co-citation cluster analysis have claimed that in principle their methodology makes possible the mapping of science using the data in the Science Citation Index.
    Ex. The second element of the publication, distribution, etc. area is the name of the publisher and/or distributor.
    Ex. As we proceed down the citation order, the concepts in each successively cited facet are liable to an increasingly higher degree of scatter.
    Ex. All the concepts in the second cited facet will be liable to scattering.
    Ex. The sequencing of items on the agenda is of no particular importance.
    Ex. This law basically strives to ensure a fair allotment of economic support to the various types of organisations concerned with music.
    Ex. The winning entry in the competition to produce a design for the main library building is described and a floor plan of the building is presented.
    Ex. The role of the university library embraces 5 functions: archival, bibliophilic, circulating, duplicating and dispensing and electronic.
    Ex. Communication can be improved, both a better content of information exchange and by a more timely deliverance of this information.
    Ex. This service offers all 12,000 Elsevier Science journals as scanned images for local hosting.
    Ex. During the post-war period international organizations have become a prominent feature of the international landscape.
    ----
    * area de publicación o distribución = imprint.
    * cadena de distribución = timing chain.
    * cadena de producción y distribución, la = supply chain, the.
    * canal de distribución = distribution channel.
    * centro de distribución = distribution centre.
    * Centro de Distribución de Documentos de la Biblioteca Británica (BLDSC) = British Library Document Supply Centre (BLDSC).
    * correa de distribución = driving belt, timing belt, cambelt [cam belt].
    * distribución binomial negativa = negative binomial distribution.
    * distribución de contenido = content distribution, content delivery.
    * distribución de documentos de préstamo interbibliotecario = interlibrary loan document delivery.
    * distribución de información = content distribution, content delivery.
    * distribución de información por suscripción = syndication.
    * distribución de la página = page layout.
    * distribución de la plantilla = staffing pattern.
    * distribución del trabajo = workflow [work flow].
    * distribución de Poisson = Poisson distribution.
    * distribución de probabilidades = possibility distribution, probability distribution.
    * distribución de una materia en su índice = subject scatter.
    * distribución de Waring = Waring distribution.
    * distribución en función del género = gender distribution.
    * distribución exponencial = exponential distribution.
    * distribución geográfica = geographical disposition.
    * distribución horaria = timetabling.
    * distribución informétrica = informetric distribution.
    * distribución por edades = age distribution.
    * distribución por rangos = rank distribution.
    * distribución temporal = time scale [timescale], timeline [time line].
    * lista de distribución = mailing list, listserv(er) [list-serv(er)], distribution list, e-mail list.
    * lista de distribución electrónica = electronic list (e-list), electronic distribution list.
    * modelo de distribución probabilística = probability distribution model.
    * número y distribución de personal = staffing conditions.
    * punto de distribución = outlet.
    * redistribución = respacing.
    * servicio de distribución = host service.
    * sistema de distribución = distribution system.
    * * *
    a) ( reparto) distribution
    b) (de producto, película) distribution
    c) (disposición, división) layout, arrangement
    d) (Auto) valve-operating gear
    * * *
    = apportionment, arrangement, cantonment, delivery, disposition, distribution, lay-out, layout, map, mapping, publication, distribution etc. area, scatter, scattering, sequencing, allotment, floor plan, dispensing, deliverance, hosting, landscape.

    Ex: Gaps are left in the apportionment of notation in order to permit new subjects to be inserted.

    Ex: The scheme is intended to provide a systematic approach to the arrangement of books on shelves.
    Ex: He added that the different ethnic groups had clustered in well-defined colonies but that with the passage of time these cantonments have become blurred.
    Ex: Entry of number '21' reverses the present delivery status.
    Ex: Their main concern was the readable disposition of machine readable records.
    Ex: The preliminary work began immediately with the drafting of a questionnaire designed to collect pertinent data on the distribution of authority files.
    Ex: This article outlines general requirements for a well-appointed restoration laboratory: filtered light, security alarms, good flood drainage, and lay-out.
    Ex: Diagrammatic presentation of the layout of the collection conveniently placed, for example, near the entrance.
    Ex: A detailed study of a co-citation map, its core documents' citation patterns and the related journal structures, is presented.
    Ex: Recently, proponents of co-citation cluster analysis have claimed that in principle their methodology makes possible the mapping of science using the data in the Science Citation Index.
    Ex: The second element of the publication, distribution, etc. area is the name of the publisher and/or distributor.
    Ex: As we proceed down the citation order, the concepts in each successively cited facet are liable to an increasingly higher degree of scatter.
    Ex: All the concepts in the second cited facet will be liable to scattering.
    Ex: The sequencing of items on the agenda is of no particular importance.
    Ex: This law basically strives to ensure a fair allotment of economic support to the various types of organisations concerned with music.
    Ex: The winning entry in the competition to produce a design for the main library building is described and a floor plan of the building is presented.
    Ex: The role of the university library embraces 5 functions: archival, bibliophilic, circulating, duplicating and dispensing and electronic.
    Ex: Communication can be improved, both a better content of information exchange and by a more timely deliverance of this information.
    Ex: This service offers all 12,000 Elsevier Science journals as scanned images for local hosting.
    Ex: During the post-war period international organizations have become a prominent feature of the international landscape.
    * area de publicación o distribución = imprint.
    * cadena de distribución = timing chain.
    * cadena de producción y distribución, la = supply chain, the.
    * canal de distribución = distribution channel.
    * centro de distribución = distribution centre.
    * Centro de Distribución de Documentos de la Biblioteca Británica (BLDSC) = British Library Document Supply Centre (BLDSC).
    * correa de distribución = driving belt, timing belt, cambelt [cam belt].
    * distribución binomial negativa = negative binomial distribution.
    * distribución de contenido = content distribution, content delivery.
    * distribución de documentos de préstamo interbibliotecario = interlibrary loan document delivery.
    * distribución de información = content distribution, content delivery.
    * distribución de información por suscripción = syndication.
    * distribución de la página = page layout.
    * distribución de la plantilla = staffing pattern.
    * distribución del trabajo = workflow [work flow].
    * distribución de Poisson = Poisson distribution.
    * distribución de probabilidades = possibility distribution, probability distribution.
    * distribución de una materia en su índice = subject scatter.
    * distribución de Waring = Waring distribution.
    * distribución en función del género = gender distribution.
    * distribución exponencial = exponential distribution.
    * distribución geográfica = geographical disposition.
    * distribución horaria = timetabling.
    * distribución informétrica = informetric distribution.
    * distribución por edades = age distribution.
    * distribución por rangos = rank distribution.
    * distribución temporal = time scale [timescale], timeline [time line].
    * lista de distribución = mailing list, listserv(er) [list-serv(er)], distribution list, e-mail list.
    * lista de distribución electrónica = electronic list (e-list), electronic distribution list.
    * modelo de distribución probabilística = probability distribution model.
    * número y distribución de personal = staffing conditions.
    * punto de distribución = outlet.
    * redistribución = respacing.
    * servicio de distribución = host service.
    * sistema de distribución = distribution system.

    * * *
    1 (reparto) distribution
    la distribución de víveres/de los panfletos the distribution of provisions/of the leaflets
    la distribución de las tareas domésticas the allocation o sharing out of the household chores
    la distribución de la población the population distribution
    una distribución cada vez más desigual de la riqueza an increasingly unequal distribution of wealth
    la mala distribución de la carga the uneven distribution of the load
    2 ( Com) (de un producto, una película) distribution
    3 (disposición, división) layout, arrangement
    la distribución de este apartamento the layout of this apartment
    4 ( Auto) valve-operating gear
    * * *

     

    distribución sustantivo femenino
    a) ( reparto — de dinero, víveres) distribution;

    (— de tareas) allocation
    b) (de producto, película) distribution

    c) (disposición, división) layout, arrangement


    distribución sustantivo femenino
    1 (reparto) distribution
    2 (de una casa, los muebles) layout
    ' distribución' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    cada
    - colocación
    - disposición
    - por
    - red
    - restringir
    - entre
    - parte
    - reparto
    English:
    appropriation
    - distribution
    - lay out
    - layout
    - pipeline
    - free
    - lay
    - syndicate
    * * *
    1. [reparto, división] distribution;
    una distribución bastante desigual de los beneficios a rather uneven distribution of the profits
    distribución ecológica ecological distribution;
    distribución de premios Br prizegiving, US awards ceremony;
    distribución de la riqueza distribution of wealth;
    distribución de tareas assignment of duties;
    distribución del trabajo division of labour
    2. [de mercancías, películas] distribution;
    distribución comercial commercial distribution
    3. [de casa, habitaciones, mobiliario] layout
    4. [en estadística] distribution
    distribución binomial binomial distribution;
    distribución normal normal distribution
    5. Tec timing gears
    * * *
    f TÉC, COM distribution
    * * *
    distribución nf, pl - ciones : distribution
    * * *
    1. (en general) distribution
    2. (de una casa) layout

    Spanish-English dictionary > distribución

  • 47 enigmático

    adj.
    enigmatic, puzzling, mysterious, cryptic.
    * * *
    1 enigmatic, mysterious, puzzling
    * * *
    * * *
    - ca adjetivo enigmatic, mysterious
    * * *
    = intriguing, whimsical, enigmatic, shadowy.
    Ex. Graphic displays are an intriguing step towards a multi-dimensional pictorial map of the subject areas covered by a thesaurus.
    Ex. This slightly off-balance, whimsical remark was a Marsha James' trademark.
    Ex. This article formulates a proposal aiming at the building of a pattern in which the enigmatic concept of information need could be replaced by the analysis of goals to be achieved by means of information.
    Ex. However, in spite of Seymour's very significant role in Dickens's life, he remains something of a shadowy figure and no book has ever been written about him.
    * * *
    - ca adjetivo enigmatic, mysterious
    * * *
    = intriguing, whimsical, enigmatic, shadowy.

    Ex: Graphic displays are an intriguing step towards a multi-dimensional pictorial map of the subject areas covered by a thesaurus.

    Ex: This slightly off-balance, whimsical remark was a Marsha James' trademark.
    Ex: This article formulates a proposal aiming at the building of a pattern in which the enigmatic concept of information need could be replaced by the analysis of goals to be achieved by means of information.
    Ex: However, in spite of Seymour's very significant role in Dickens's life, he remains something of a shadowy figure and no book has ever been written about him.

    * * *
    enigmatic, mysterious
    * * *

    enigmático
    ◊ -ca adjetivo

    enigmatic, mysterious
    enigmático,-a adjetivo enigmatic

    ' enigmático' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    enigmática
    English:
    cryptic
    - enigmatic
    - shadowy
    * * *
    enigmático, -a adj
    enigmatic
    * * *
    adj enigmatic
    * * *
    enigmático, -ca adj
    : enigmatic

    Spanish-English dictionary > enigmático

  • 48 error

    m.
    1 mistake, error.
    cometer un error to make a mistake
    estar en un error to be mistaken
    por error by mistake
    salvo error u omisión errors and omissions excepted
    error de bulto huge o big mistake
    error de cálculo miscalculation
    error humano human error
    error judicial miscarriage of justice
    2 delusion, false impression.
    3 lapsus.
    * * *
    1 error, mistake
    \
    caer en un error to make a mistake
    estar en un error to be mistaken
    por error by mistake, in error
    error judicial miscarriage of justice
    * * *
    noun m.
    error, mistake
    * * *
    SM mistake, error más frm

    • caer en un error — to make a mistake

    si piensas que lo hizo por tu bien, estás cayendo en un error — if you think that he did it for your good you're making a mistake

    • cometer un error — to make a mistake

    • estar en un error — to be mistaken, be wrong

    estás en un error si piensas que voy a transigir — you're mistaken o wrong if you think that I'll give in

    • inducir a error — to be misleading

    • por error — by mistake

    error de hecho — factual error, error of fact

    * * *
    masculino mistake

    craso error! — (that was a) big o bad mistake!

    ¿quién lo va a sacar de su error? — who's going to put him right?

    salvo error u omisión — (fr hecha) errors and omissions excepted

    por error — by mistake, in error (frml)

    * * *
    = error, failure, fault, mistake, pitfall, bug, stumble, delusion, goof, blooper, bobble.
    Ex. Computers are reliable, and less prone to error provided they are instructed or programmed appropriately and correctly.
    Ex. DBMS systems aim to cope with system failure and generate restart procedures.
    Ex. Documents and information can be lost forever by faults in inputting.
    Ex. A mistake, say, in trasncribing Fergusson as Ferguson may cause some problems, copying Davinson as Davison will cause even more!.
    Ex. Nevertheless, it is worth drawing a comparison between them so that menu-based information retrieval systems might avoid some of the pitfalls of traditional classification.
    Ex. A bug is an error in a program or an equipment malfunction.
    Ex. His stumbles and missed opportunities were made up for by his signing of the agreement in 1990.
    Ex. The article 'Illusions, delusions, conclusions' reminds searchers that the most important issue when looking at search results is to make sure that all information is reliable and true.
    Ex. The film's supple structure, surprisingly light touch, and bravura performances make it perhaps the most fully formed, half-hearted goof ever.
    Ex. Throughout the year we collect bloopers, funny things that happen while we are producing the program.
    Ex. Gary's back pass took a bobble from a divot and in that moment Robinson suddenly found himself the subject of ridicule.
    ----
    * a base de cometer errores = the hard way.
    * a base de errores = the hard way.
    * a fuerza de cometer errores = the hard way.
    * a fuerza de errores = the hard way.
    * análisis de errores = error analysis.
    * aprender a fuerza de errores = learn by + trial and error.
    * aprender Algo a base de cometer errores = learn + Nombre + the hard way.
    * aprender Algo a fuerza de errores = learn + Nombre + the hard way.
    * aprender de errores = learn from + errors.
    * aprender por el método de ensayo y error = learn by + trial and error.
    * caer en el error de = fall into + the error of, blunder into.
    * cometer el error de = fall into + the error of, blunder into.
    * cometer errores por despiste = bump into + lampposts.
    * cometer un error = commit + error, make + mistake, make + error, be caught out, slip up.
    * cometer un error garrafal = commit + blunder, make + a bloomer, make + a blunder, drop + a clanger, drop + a bollock, blunder.
    * con errores = flawed.
    * con errores gramaticales = grammatically challenged, grammatically incorrect.
    * corregir errores = debug.
    * corregir un error = correct + error, amend + mistake, correct + a wrong, correct + Posesivo + mistake.
    * deshacer los errores cometidos = turn + the clock back.
    * detección de errores = error identification.
    * detectar un error = detect + error, spot + mistake, spot + error.
    * eliminar un error = remove + error.
    * error administrativo = clerical mistake, clerical error.
    * error craso = gross mistake, crass mistake, crass error, blunder, monumental mistake, monumental error.
    * error de cálculo = miscalculation, mathematical mistake, mathematical error, calculation error, calculation mistake.
    * error de communicación = miscommunication.
    * error de contenido = factual error.
    * error de copia = clerical error, clerical mistake.
    * error de diagnóstico = misdiagnosis [misdiagnoses, -pl.].
    * error de entendimiento = misunderstanding.
    * error de escritura = mistyping.
    * error de estilo = stylistic error.
    * error de juicio = misunderstanding, error of judgement.
    * error de la muestra = sampling error.
    * error de la naturaleza = freak of nature.
    * error de lectura = misreading.
    * error del original = sic, sic.
    * error de medición = error of measurement.
    * error de muestreo = sampling error.
    * error de percepción = misperception.
    * error de probabilidad = probability of error.
    * error de pronunciación = mispronunciation.
    * error de transposición = transposition error.
    * errores = floundering.
    * error estilístico = stylistic error.
    * error fatal = fatal mistake.
    * error garrafal = blunder, cock-up, crass mistake, crass error, gross mistake, monumental mistake, monumental error, clanger.
    * error gramatical = grammatical error.
    * error humano = human error.
    * error matemático = mathematical mistake, mathematical error.
    * error mecánico = machine error.
    * error mecanográfico = keying error.
    * error óptico = optical error.
    * error ortográfico = misspelling [mis-spelling], orthographic error, spelling mistake, spelling error.
    * error por omisión = omission failure.
    * error tipográfico = typing error, typing mistake, typographical error, typographical mistake, typo.
    * evitar un error = avoid + error.
    * gramática con errores = poor grammar.
    * identificación de errores = error identification.
    * lista de errores = error report.
    * lleno de errores = buggy [buggier -comp., buggiest -sup.].
    * margen de error = margin of error.
    * mensaje de error = error message.
    * no tener errores = be error-free.
    * nótese el error = sic.
    * patrón de errores = error pattern.
    * plagado de errores = buggy [buggier -comp., buggiest -sup.].
    * plagar de errores = litter with + failure.
    * por el método de ensayo y error = by trial and error, trial and error.
    * por error = by mistake.
    * propenso a errores = error prone, prone to error.
    * rectificar un error = rectify + failure.
    * sin errores = error-free.
    * subsanar un error = extirpate + error.
    * sujeto a errores = prone to error.
    * susceptible de error = susceptible to error, susceptible to mistake.
    * tasa de error = error rate.
    * tener errores = be flawed.
    * tolerancia al error = error tolerance, fault tolerance.
    * tolerante al error = fault tolerant, error tolerant.
    * * *
    masculino mistake

    craso error! — (that was a) big o bad mistake!

    ¿quién lo va a sacar de su error? — who's going to put him right?

    salvo error u omisión — (fr hecha) errors and omissions excepted

    por error — by mistake, in error (frml)

    * * *
    = error, failure, fault, mistake, pitfall, bug, stumble, delusion, goof, blooper, bobble.

    Ex: Computers are reliable, and less prone to error provided they are instructed or programmed appropriately and correctly.

    Ex: DBMS systems aim to cope with system failure and generate restart procedures.
    Ex: Documents and information can be lost forever by faults in inputting.
    Ex: A mistake, say, in trasncribing Fergusson as Ferguson may cause some problems, copying Davinson as Davison will cause even more!.
    Ex: Nevertheless, it is worth drawing a comparison between them so that menu-based information retrieval systems might avoid some of the pitfalls of traditional classification.
    Ex: A bug is an error in a program or an equipment malfunction.
    Ex: His stumbles and missed opportunities were made up for by his signing of the agreement in 1990.
    Ex: The article 'Illusions, delusions, conclusions' reminds searchers that the most important issue when looking at search results is to make sure that all information is reliable and true.
    Ex: The film's supple structure, surprisingly light touch, and bravura performances make it perhaps the most fully formed, half-hearted goof ever.
    Ex: Throughout the year we collect bloopers, funny things that happen while we are producing the program.
    Ex: Gary's back pass took a bobble from a divot and in that moment Robinson suddenly found himself the subject of ridicule.
    * a base de cometer errores = the hard way.
    * a base de errores = the hard way.
    * a fuerza de cometer errores = the hard way.
    * a fuerza de errores = the hard way.
    * análisis de errores = error analysis.
    * aprender a fuerza de errores = learn by + trial and error.
    * aprender Algo a base de cometer errores = learn + Nombre + the hard way.
    * aprender Algo a fuerza de errores = learn + Nombre + the hard way.
    * aprender de errores = learn from + errors.
    * aprender por el método de ensayo y error = learn by + trial and error.
    * caer en el error de = fall into + the error of, blunder into.
    * cometer el error de = fall into + the error of, blunder into.
    * cometer errores por despiste = bump into + lampposts.
    * cometer un error = commit + error, make + mistake, make + error, be caught out, slip up.
    * cometer un error garrafal = commit + blunder, make + a bloomer, make + a blunder, drop + a clanger, drop + a bollock, blunder.
    * con errores = flawed.
    * con errores gramaticales = grammatically challenged, grammatically incorrect.
    * corregir errores = debug.
    * corregir un error = correct + error, amend + mistake, correct + a wrong, correct + Posesivo + mistake.
    * deshacer los errores cometidos = turn + the clock back.
    * detección de errores = error identification.
    * detectar un error = detect + error, spot + mistake, spot + error.
    * eliminar un error = remove + error.
    * error administrativo = clerical mistake, clerical error.
    * error craso = gross mistake, crass mistake, crass error, blunder, monumental mistake, monumental error.
    * error de cálculo = miscalculation, mathematical mistake, mathematical error, calculation error, calculation mistake.
    * error de communicación = miscommunication.
    * error de contenido = factual error.
    * error de copia = clerical error, clerical mistake.
    * error de diagnóstico = misdiagnosis [misdiagnoses, -pl.].
    * error de entendimiento = misunderstanding.
    * error de escritura = mistyping.
    * error de estilo = stylistic error.
    * error de juicio = misunderstanding, error of judgement.
    * error de la muestra = sampling error.
    * error de la naturaleza = freak of nature.
    * error de lectura = misreading.
    * error del original = sic, sic.
    * error de medición = error of measurement.
    * error de muestreo = sampling error.
    * error de percepción = misperception.
    * error de probabilidad = probability of error.
    * error de pronunciación = mispronunciation.
    * error de transposición = transposition error.
    * errores = floundering.
    * error estilístico = stylistic error.
    * error fatal = fatal mistake.
    * error garrafal = blunder, cock-up, crass mistake, crass error, gross mistake, monumental mistake, monumental error, clanger.
    * error gramatical = grammatical error.
    * error humano = human error.
    * error matemático = mathematical mistake, mathematical error.
    * error mecánico = machine error.
    * error mecanográfico = keying error.
    * error óptico = optical error.
    * error ortográfico = misspelling [mis-spelling], orthographic error, spelling mistake, spelling error.
    * error por omisión = omission failure.
    * error tipográfico = typing error, typing mistake, typographical error, typographical mistake, typo.
    * evitar un error = avoid + error.
    * gramática con errores = poor grammar.
    * identificación de errores = error identification.
    * lista de errores = error report.
    * lleno de errores = buggy [buggier -comp., buggiest -sup.].
    * margen de error = margin of error.
    * mensaje de error = error message.
    * no tener errores = be error-free.
    * nótese el error = sic.
    * patrón de errores = error pattern.
    * plagado de errores = buggy [buggier -comp., buggiest -sup.].
    * plagar de errores = litter with + failure.
    * por el método de ensayo y error = by trial and error, trial and error.
    * por error = by mistake.
    * propenso a errores = error prone, prone to error.
    * rectificar un error = rectify + failure.
    * sin errores = error-free.
    * subsanar un error = extirpate + error.
    * sujeto a errores = prone to error.
    * susceptible de error = susceptible to error, susceptible to mistake.
    * tasa de error = error rate.
    * tener errores = be flawed.
    * tolerancia al error = error tolerance, fault tolerance.
    * tolerante al error = fault tolerant, error tolerant.

    * * *
    mistake
    fue un error decírselo it was a mistake to tell him
    cometió varios errores importantes she made several serious mistakes o errors
    firmé el documento — ¡craso error! I signed the document — (that was a) big o bad mistake!
    estás en un error you're wrong o mistaken
    ¿quién lo va a sacar de su error? who's going to put him right? o ( BrE) set him straight?
    un grave error de cálculo a serious miscalculation
    un error de ortografía a spelling mistake
    salvo error u omisión ( fr hecha); errors and omissions excepted
    por error by mistake, in error ( frml)
    Compuestos:
    absolute error
    random error
    legal error
    factual error
    misprint, printer's error
    system error
    relative error
    syntax error
    * * *

     

    error sustantivo masculino
    mistake;
    ◊ cometer un error to make a mistake o an error;

    error de ortografía spelling mistake;
    error de cálculo miscalculation;
    error de imprenta misprint, printer's error;
    por error by mistake, in error (frml)
    error sustantivo masculino
    1 error, mistake
    cometimos el error de escucharle, we made the mistake of listening to him
    inducir a error, to lead into error
    2 (de un cálculo) error
    3 (fallo técnico) error: se lo enviamos por error, we sent it to him by mistake
    Impr error de imprenta/ tipográfico, misprint
    En general, mistake se refiere a errores causados por falta de conocimiento, capacidad o comprensión, mientras que error describe más bien errores causados por fallos en la producción o mal comportamiento. A menudo, la diferencia es mínima y se puede usar cualquiera de los dos términos: Cometió un error y fue a la cárcel. He made a mistake and went to prison. El accidente se debió a un error humano. The accident was due to human error.

    ' error' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    aberración
    - bestial
    - bestialidad
    - bulto
    - columpiarse
    - cometer
    - confusión
    - desacierto
    - desatino
    - desliz
    - despiste
    - enmendar
    - enorme
    - equivocación
    - equivocarse
    - falla
    - fallo
    - fatal
    - garrafal
    - gazapo
    - guardagujas
    - incidir
    - incorrección
    - incurrir
    - lectura
    - novatada
    - originar
    - patinazo
    - reconocer
    - rectificar
    - reparar
    - responder
    - subsanar
    - tipográfica
    - tipográfico
    - traspié
    - vista
    - yerro
    - caer
    - cálculo
    - calibre
    - caro
    - clásico
    - confesar
    - confundir
    - corriente
    - costoso
    - creces
    - descuido
    - desengañar
    English:
    allow for
    - amend
    - blunder
    - bug
    - commission
    - commit
    - crass
    - deny
    - error
    - expensive
    - fault
    - faux pas
    - goof
    - grievous
    - judgement
    - judgment
    - justice
    - lapse
    - make
    - margin
    - message
    - miscalculation
    - miscarriage
    - misprint
    - mistake
    - prove
    - retrieval
    - right
    - slip
    - spelling error
    - trial
    - wrong
    - admit
    - cost
    - cover
    - delusion
    - detection
    - disabuse
    - flaw
    - fundamental
    - genuine
    - glaring
    - grave
    - misconception
    - mislead
    - pay
    - same
    - spelling
    - spot
    - typing
    * * *
    error nm
    1. [falta, equivocación] mistake, error;
    fue un error invitarla a la fiesta it was a mistake to invite her to the party;
    debe de haber un error there must be a mistake;
    cometer un error to make a mistake;
    estar en un error to be mistaken;
    por error by mistake;
    me enviaron la carta por error they sent me the letter by mistake;
    sacar a alguien del error o [m5] de su error to put sb right;
    salvo error u omisión errors and omissions excepted
    error absoluto absolute error;
    error de bulto huge o big mistake;
    error de cálculo miscalculation;
    error de copia clerical error;
    error no forzado [en tenis] unforced error;
    error humano human error;
    error judicial miscarriage of justice;
    error mecanográfico typing error;
    error de muestreo sampling error;
    error relativo relative error;
    Informát error de sintaxis syntax error; Informát error del sistema system error;
    error típico standard error;
    error tipográfico typo, typographical error;
    error de traducción translation error
    2. Informát [en un programa] bug
    * * *
    m mistake, error;
    por error by mistake;
    caer en un error make a mistake;
    estar en un error be wrong o mistaken
    * * *
    error nm
    equivocación: error, mistake
    * * *
    error n mistake / error

    Spanish-English dictionary > error

  • 49 formular una propuesta

    (v.) = formulate + proposal
    Ex. This article formulates a proposal aiming at the building of a pattern in which the enigmatic concept of information need could be replaced by the analysis of goals to be achieved by means of information.
    * * *
    (v.) = formulate + proposal

    Ex: This article formulates a proposal aiming at the building of a pattern in which the enigmatic concept of information need could be replaced by the analysis of goals to be achieved by means of information.

    Spanish-English dictionary > formular una propuesta

  • 50 información

    f.
    1 information, word, notice, communication.
    2 information, data, info, tip-off.
    3 directory assistance, directory enquiries.
    4 information desk.
    5 literature, promotional material.
    * * *
    1 (conocimiento) information
    2 (noticia) piece of news; (conjunto de noticias) news
    3 (oficina) information department; (mesa) information desk
    4 (en telefónica) directory enquiries plural, US information
    \
    oficina de información information bureau
    * * *
    noun f.
    * * *
    SF
    1) (=datos) information; (=oficina) information desk; (Telec) Directory Enquiries, Directory Assistance (EEUU)

    ¿dónde podría obtener más información? — where could I get more information?

    si desean más o mayor información — if you require further information

    pregunte en información — ask at information o at the information desk

    información internacional ¿dígame? — international enquiries, can I help you?

    Información — Information, Enquiries

    2) (=noticias) news

    información deportiva — [en prensa, radio] sports section; [en TV] sports news

    información financiera — [en prensa, radio] financial section; [en TV] financial news

    3) (Jur) judicial inquiry, investigation
    4) (Inform) (=datos) data pl
    tratamiento 3)
    5) (Mil) intelligence
    * * *
    1)
    a) (datos, detalles) information

    para mayor información... — for further information...

    b) (Telec) information (AmE), directory enquiries (BrE)
    2) (Period, Rad, TV) news

    informaciones filtradas a la prensa — information o news leaked to the press

    3) (Inf) data (pl)
    * * *
    = data [datum, -sing.], datum [data, -pl.], details, information, informativeness, piece of information, info, information coverage, field data, bit of information.
    Ex. Statistical tabular and numerical abstract are a means of summarising numerical data, which may be presented in its original format in a tabular form.
    Ex. Thus, having entered the authority datum correctly once, we could be sure that no matter how many bibliographic records used it they would all do so with mechanical consistency.
    Ex. With minimum authorization, details of the circulation and order records are not displayed.
    Ex. Thus, the subject approach is extremely important in the access to and the exploitation of information, documents and data.
    Ex. The informativeness of the index depends upon the information contents of the titles that comprise the index.
    Ex. On other occasions a user wants every document or piece of information on a topic traced, and then high recall must be sought, to the detriment of precision.
    Ex. The article is entitled 'CD-ROM reader as info walkman'.
    Ex. Serious attention should be given to the coordination and improvement of bibliographic control at a national level to avoid duplication of effort and gaps in information coverage.
    Ex. This paper discusses the technological revolution in field data collection systems for health sciences.
    Ex. Outside the portacabin there is a board with a few useful bits of information, such as the temperature of the water, visibility, and opening/closing times.
    ----
    * abuso de información confidencial = insider trading, insider dealing.
    * abuso de información privilegiada = insider trading, insider dealing.
    * acceso a la información por el autor = author approach.
    * acceso a la información por el título = title approach.
    * acceso a la información por la materia = subject approach to information, subject approach.
    * actuación relacionada con la información = information action.
    * ADONIS (Distribución automática de documentos a través de sistemas de inform = ADONIS (Automated Document Delivery Over Networked Information Systems).
    * agencia de información = information agency.
    * AGRIS (Sistema Internacional de Información sobre Agricultura) = AGRIS (International Agricultural Information System).
    * aldea mundial de la información, la = global information village, the.
    * alfabetización en información = information literacy.
    * alfabeto en información = information literate [information-literate].
    * almacenamiento de la información = information storage.
    * almacenamiento y recuperación automatizada de la información = computerised information retrieval and storage.
    * almacenamiento y recuperación de la información = information storage and retrieval (ISR).
    * analfabetismo en información = information illiteracy.
    * aparato para el uso de la información = information appliance.
    * aplicaciones para la información = information solutions.
    * área de información = communications area.
    * asesor de información = information consultant.
    * asesoría y oficina de información itinerante en furgón = mobile information and advice van.
    * Asociación Nacional de Oficinas de Información al Consumidor (NACAB) = National Association of Citizens' Advice Bureaux (NACAB).
    * ASTINFO (Red Regional para el Intercambio de Información y Experiencias de l = ASTINFO (Regional Network for the Exchange of Information and Experience in Science and Technology in Asia and the Pacific).
    * atender una petición de información = satisfy + request for information.
    * auditoría de la información = information audit, information auditing.
    * auditoría de sistemas de información = information systems auditing, information systems audit.
    * autopista de la información = information highway.
    * basado en la información = information-based, information-intensive.
    * base de datos con información confidencial = intelligence database.
    * BLAISE (Servicio de Información Automatizada de la Biblioteca Británica) = BLAISE (British Library Automated Information Service).
    * bloque funcional de información descriptiva = descriptive information block.
    * broker de información = information broker, broker.
    * buscador de información = information seeker, searcher.
    * buscar información = mine + information, seek + information.
    * búsqueda de información = fact-finding, quest for + information, information seeking.
    * cadena de la información = information chain, the, information provision chain, the.
    * campo de información = data field.
    * capacidad de interpretar información espacial = spatial literacy.
    * capacidad de interpretar información estadística = statistical literacy.
    * capacidad de interpretar información gráfica = graphic literacy.
    * capacidad de manejar la información = information handling.
    * cargar información = load + information.
    * centro coordinador de información = clearinghouse [clearing house].
    * centro de análisis de la información = information analysis centre.
    * centro de información = information agency, information centre.
    * Centro de Información al Ciudadano = Public Information Center (PIC).
    * centro de información ciudadana = community information centre, neighbourhood information centre (NIC).
    * centro de información laboral = job information centre.
    * centro de información sectorial = sectoral information centre.
    * Centro de Información sobre el Ayuntamiento = Kommune Information Centre.
    * centro especializado de proceso de información = clearinghouse [clearing house].
    * centro municipal de información = local authority information outlet.
    * circuito de la información = information chain, the, information provision chain, the.
    * circulación de la información = flow of information.
    * comercialización de la información = information brokerage, information broking, information brokering.
    * Comité Conjunto para Sistemas de Información (JISC) = Joint Information Systems Committee (JISC).
    * compañía dedicada a la información = information company.
    * competencias de información = information literacy.
    * competencias en información = information literacy.
    * compilador de información = information gatherer.
    * comportamiento de búsqueda de información = information-seeking behaviour.
    * compresión de información = data compression.
    * concienciar a Alguien de la importancia de la información = raise + information awareness.
    * con conocimiento básico en el manejo de la información = information literate [information-literate].
    * con información = information-bearing.
    * con mucha información = populated.
    * conocimientos básicos de búsqueda, recuperación y organización de la informa = information literacy.
    * conocimientos en el manejo de la información = info-savvy.
    * consciente de la importancia de la información = information conscious.
    * consumo de información = consumption of information.
    * contener información = carry + information.
    * contenido de la información = information content.
    * conversión de información = data conversion.
    * crecimiento vertiginoso de la información, el = information explosion, the.
    * CRISP (Recuperación Automatizada de Información sobre Proyectos Científicos) = CRISP (Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects).
    * Cumbre Mundial sobre la Sociedad de la Información = World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS).
    * cursos de gestión de información = management course.
    * dar información = provide + information, give + information, release + information.
    * dar información adicional = give + further details.
    * dar información de = give + details of.
    * derecho de acceso a la información = right of access to information.
    * descubrimiento de información en las bases de datos = knowledge discovery in databases (KDD).
    * destreza en la búsqueda de información en una biblioteca = library research skills.
    * destrezas relacionadas con el uso de la información = information skills.
    * destrezas relacionadas con la información = information skills.
    * difundir información = hand out + information.
    * difusión de información = information provision, provision of information, dissemination of information.
    * difusión de la información = information diffusion, information dissemination.
    * difusión selectiva de la información = SDI (selective dissemination of information).
    * difusor de información = information disseminator.
    * dirigir información a = direct + information towards.
    * disco con información = data diskette, data disk.
    * dispositivo de entrada de información mediante la voz = voice input device.
    * distribución de información = content distribution, content delivery.
    * distribución de información por suscripción = syndication.
    * distribuidor de información = information provider.
    * distribuidor de información en línea = host, online host.
    * dosier de información = topic pack, package of information.
    * dosiers de información para el público = self-help pack of information.
    * ecología de la información = information ecology.
    * economía de la información = information economy.
    * elaborar información = digest + information.
    * empresa de servicios de información = information broker, broker, information broking.
    * empresario de la información = infopreneur.
    * encargado de la tecnología de la información = information technologist.
    * encontrar información = dredge up + information.
    * enseñanza en la búsqueda de información = information instruction.
    * enviar información a = direct + output.
    * enviar información de un modo automático = push + information.
    * envío de información por suscripción = syndication feed.
    * era de la información = information era.
    * era de la información, la = information age, the.
    * escasez de información = information scarcity, information underload.
    * esfera de la información, la = infosphere, the.
    * especialista de la información = information specialist.
    * estrategia de búsqueda de información = information seeking pattern.
    * estrategia de gestión de la información = information management strategy.
    * exceso de información = information overload.
    * explosión de la información, la = information explosion, the.
    * extracción de información (EI) = information extraction (IE).
    * falta de información = lack of information.
    * filtración de información = leakage of information.
    * fórmula para la medición de la información de Brillouin = Brillouin's information measure.
    * formulario de recogida de información = data collection form.
    * fuente de información = information source, information store, source of information, source of data.
    * fuente de información electrónica = electronic information source.
    * fuente principal de información = chief source of information.
    * fuentes de información = information base.
    * gestionar información = handle + information.
    * gestión de la información = information management, information handling.
    * Gestión de los Recursos de Información (IRM) = Information Resources Management (IRM).
    * gestor de información = information software package.
    * gestor de la información = information manager, information handler.
    * guerra de la información = information warfare.
    * guía de fuentes de información = pathfinder.
    * hábito de búsqueda de información = information-seeking habit.
    * hacerse de información = secure + information.
    * herramienta de recuperación de información = retrieval tool.
    * herramienta para el uso de la información = information appliance.
    * herramienta para la gestión de la información = information-managing tool.
    * hoja con la información básica para Hacer Algo = data sheet [datasheet].
    * industria de la información electrónica = electronic information industry.
    * industria de la información en línea, la = online industry, the, online information industry, the.
    * industria de la información, la = information industry, the.
    * información adicional = further information, additional information.
    * información administrativa = management information.
    * información al consumidor = consumer information, consumer advice, consumer affairs.
    * información a modo de ejemplo = sample data.
    * información anterior al pedido = preorder information.
    * información a través de la voz = voice information.
    * información automatizada = computerised information.
    * información básica = background information, background note.
    * información bibliográfica = bibliographic data, bibliographic information.
    * Información Bibliográfica Automatizada (MARBI) = MARBI (Machine-Readable Bibliographic Information).
    * información bursátil = share prices.
    * información catalográfica = cataloguing data.
    * información científica = scientific information, scholarly information.
    * información científica y técnica = scientific and technical information (STI).
    * información clínica = clinical information.
    * información comerciable = tradeable information.
    * información comercial = business information.
    * información como artículo de consumo, la = information commodity.
    * información como materia prima, la = information commodity.
    * información complementaria = supplementary information, further information, further details.
    * información comunitaria = community information.
    * información confidencial = inside information, confidential information, insider information.
    * información corporativa = economic intelligence.
    * información de agencia = syndicated matters.
    * información de alojamiento = housing information.
    * información de archivo = archival information.
    * información de autoridades = authority data, authority information.
    * información de contacto = contact details, contact information.
    * información de existencias por bibliotecas = local holdings information.
    * información de fuente fidedigna = authoritative information.
    * información de gestión = management data, management information.
    * información de novedades = press release.
    * información de ocio = infotainment.
    * información deportiva = sporting news.
    * información de precios = price information.
    * información de precios de productos para el consumo = retail prices.
    * información de supervivencia = survival information.
    * información de texto completo = full-text information.
    * información de última hora = news flash.
    * información digital = digital information, digital data, digital content.
    * información documentada = documented information.
    * información documental = documentary information, document information.
    * información económica = business news.
    * información electrónica = electronic content [e-content], electronic information.
    * información empresarial = business information, company information, industry information.
    * información en defensa de las minorías = affirmative information.
    * información en línea = online information.
    * información en soporte = recorded information.
    * información en su estado primario = raw information.
    * información envasada = packaged data.
    * información errónea = misinformation, dirty data, misstatement [mis-statement], misreporting.
    * información específica = data element.
    * información estadística = statistics, statistical data.
    * información estratégica = strategic information.
    * información factual = factual information.
    * información fiable = accurate information.
    * información geoespacial = geospatial data.
    * información geográfica = geoinformation.
    * información gráfica = graphic information.
    * información gubernamental = government information.
    * información indígena = indigenous information.
    * información industrial = industrial information, industry information.
    * información legal = legal information.
    * información local = community information, local knowledge.
    * información no codificada = non-coded information.
    * información numérica = numeric data.
    * información obtenida a través de intermediarios = mediated information.
    * información oficial = official information, public information.
    * información oficial del municipio = municipal information.
    * información oral = voice information.
    * información para hacer pedidos = order information.
    * Información para la Administración Pública (IPA) = Information for Public Administration (IPA).
    * información personal = personal information.
    * información pictórica = pictorial information, pictorial data.
    * información por defecto = default.
    * información pormenorizada = step-by-step details.
    * información por omisión = default.
    * información práctica = practical information.
    * información preempaquetada = pre-packaged information.
    * información primaria = primary information.
    * información privada = property data, private information.
    * información privilegiada = insider information, privileged information.
    * información pública = public information.
    * información puntual = timely information.
    * información que permite mejorar la situación social de Alguien = empowering information.
    * información sanitaria = health information.
    * información secreta = secret information.
    * información secreta sobre un adversario = intelligence.
    * información secundaria = secondary information.
    * información sobre dietética = dietary information.
    * información sobre educación = education information.
    * información sobre el contenido = subject information.
    * información sobre el tiempo que un determinado producto se anuncia en l = air play data.
    * información sobre empresas = business intelligence.
    * información sobre la competencia = business intelligence, competitive intelligence, competitive business intelligence, competitor intelligence.
    * información sobre la flota pesquera = fleet statistics.
    * información sobre la materia = subject data.
    * información sobre localización y existencias = copy-specific holdings and location information.
    * información sobre nutrición = nutrition information.
    * información sobre patentes = patent information.
    * información sobre propiedades inmobiliarias = real estate information.
    * información sobre química = chemical information.
    * información sobre salidas profesionales = career(s) information.
    * información sobre ubicación = location information.
    * información sobre ubicación y existencias = holdings information, holdings statement.
    * información sobre ubicación y existencias = holdings and location information.
    * información sobre una disciplina = discipline-oriented information.
    * información sobre un producto = product literature.
    * información sobre viajes = travel information.
    * información técnica = technical information.
    * información textual = textual information, text information, text knowledge, textual data, textual matter, textual document.
    * información transmitida por fibra óptica = fibre optic-based information.
    * información valiosísima = nugget of information.
    * información visual = visual information.
    * información viva = live information.
    * Infraestructura Mundial para la Información = Global Information Infrastructure (GII).
    * institución relacionada con la información = information organisation, information institution.
    * Instituto de Información Científica (ISI) = Institute of Scientific Information (ISI).
    * intercambiar información = exchange + data.
    * intercambio de información = information exchange, information interchange.
    * intercambio electrónico de información = electronic exchange of information.
    * intermediario de la información = information intermediary, infomediary.
    * introducir información = provide + input.
    * jefe de los servicios de información = chief information officer (CIO).
    * ladrón de información = info-thief.
    * libertad de información = freedom of information (FOI).
    * libre circulación de la información = free flow of information.
    * licencia de acceso a información electrónica = license [licence, -USA], licensing.
    * lleno de información = populated.
    * localizar información = track down + information.
    * más información = further information, further details.
    * medios de microalmacenamiento de la información = microstorage media.
    * medios digitalizados de almacenamiento de información = digitised media.
    * mercado de la información = information market place, information market.
    * metainformación = meta-information.
    * microalmacenamiento de información = microstorage.
    * minipaquete de información = mini-pack.
    * modelo de recuperación de información por coincidencia óptima = best match model.
    * mostrador de información = information desk, enquiry desk.
    * mundo de la información, el = information world, the, information business, the, infosphere, the.
    * navegar por la red en busca de información = surf for + information.
    * necesidad de información = information need.
    * NISTF (Grupo de Trabajo sobre los Sistemas Nacionales de Información de la A = NISTF (Society of American Archivists National Information Systems Task Force).
    * no revelar información = keep + silent, keep + silence.
    * no tener información = be undocumented.
    * objeto de información electrónico = electronic information object.
    * obtener información = obtain + information, glean + information, gain + information, pick up + information, secure + information.
    * obtener información de = elicit + information from.
    * oficina de información = information office, visitor's centre.
    * Oficina de Información al Ciudadano (CAB) = Citizens' Advice Bureau (CAB).
    * oficina de información turística = tourism information office.
    * ofrecer información = provide + information, provide + details, supply + information, offer + information, package + information, furnish + information.
    * operaciones de información = information operations.
    * orientado hacia la información = information-driven.
    * PADI (Preservación de Información Digital Australiana) = PADI (Preservation of Australian Digital Information).
    * PADIS (Sistema de Información para el Desarrollo de Africa) = PADIS (Pan-African Development Information System).
    * país productor de información científica = science producer.
    * panel luminoso de información de tráfico = variable road sign.
    * pantalla de información = frame, screen display.
    * pantalla de información breve = short information display, short information screen.
    * pantalla de información completa = full information display, full information screen.
    * paquete de información = pack, information kit.
    * para la gestión de información textual = text-handling.
    * para más información = for further details.
    * para mayor información sobre = for details of.
    * para mayor información véase + Nombre = see + Nombre + for further details.
    * pedir información = request + information.
    * pedir información de = ask for + details of.
    * pedir información sobre = enquire of [inquire of, -USA].
    * petición de información de referencia = reference enquiry.
    * plantilla de recogida de información = data collection form.
    * pobre en información = info-poor.
    * pobres en información = information have-nots.
    * pobres en información, los = information-poor, the.
    * pobreza de información = information poverty.
    * política de información = information provision, information strategy, information policy.
    * política de información nacional = national information policy.
    * presentar información = submit + information, package + information.
    * presentar información de varios modos = repackage + information.
    * procesamiento de información = information processing.
    * proceso de transferencia de la información = information transfer process.
    * producto de la información = information commodity.
    * profesional de la información = information officer, information professional, information worker, info pro.
    * profesional de las bibliotecas y la información = library and information professional.
    * profesional de la tecnología de la información = informatics professional.
    * profesionales de la información, los = information community, the.
    * profesionales de las bibliotecas y la información, los = library and information profession, the.
    * promovido por el propio sistema de información = information-led.
    * proporcionar información = release + information.
    * protección de información entre fronteras = transborder data protection.
    * protección de la información = data protection.
    * proveedor de información a través de la red = content provider.
    * punto de información = information kiosk.
    * que necesita la información = information-dependent.
    * que transmite información = information-bearing.
    * recabar información = solicit + information.
    * recoger información = collect + data, collect + information, gather + information, summon + knowledge, harvest + information.
    * recogida de información = information gathering.
    * recopilar información = gather + information, collate + information.
    * recuperación de información = data retrieval.
    * recuperación de información de lógica di = fuzzy data retrieval.
    * recuperación de información de lógica difusa = fuzzy data retrieval.
    * recuperación de información en varias lenguas = cross-language information retrieval (CLIR).
    * recuperación de información (RI) = information retrieval (IR).
    * recurso de información = information asset.
    * recursos de información autodidácticos = self help resources.
    * red de información = data network, information network.
    * relacionado con la información = information-related.
    * reorganizar la información = repackage + information.
    * repleto de información = information packed [information-packed].
    * responsable de la tecnología de la información = information technologist.
    * reunir información = pool + information.
    * revolución de la información, la = information revolution, the.
    * rico en información = information-rich, info-rich.
    * ricos en información = information haves.
    * ricos en información, los = information-rich, the.
    * sala de información = information lobby.
    * sector de la información, el = information sector, the, infosphere, the.
    * servicio de difusión selectiva de la información = SDI service.
    * servicio de información = information service, information delivery service, information utility.
    * servicio de información al consumidor = Consumer Advice Centre (CAC), consumer advisory service.
    * servicio de información ciudadana = community information service.
    * servicio de información electrónica = electronic information service.
    * servicio de información en línea = online information service.
    * servicio de información local = local information service.
    * servicio de información sectorial = sectoral information service.
    * servicios de información = Information and Referral services.
    * servicios de información bibliográfica = bibliographical services.
    * servicios de información y referencia = I&R services (Information and Referral).
    * servidor de información = information server.
    * SIGLE (Sistema de Información sobre Literatura Gris en Europa) = SIGLE (System for Information on Grey Literature in Europe).
    * sin conservar información sobre las consultas realizadas anteri = stateless.
    * síndrome de la sobrecarga de información = information fatigue syndrome.
    * sin información sobre el estado anterior = stateless.
    * sintetizar información = synthesise + information.
    * sistema automatizado para la recuperación de información = computerised information retrieval system.
    * sistema de almacenamiento y recuperación de la información = information storage and retrieval system.
    * sistema de cobro por la información usada = information metering.
    * sistema de gestión de la información (SGI) = information management system (IMS).
    * sistema de información = information system.
    * Sistema de Información Bibliotecario = LIBRIS.
    * sistema de información documental = document information system.
    * sistema de información integrado = integrated information system.
    * sistema de información sectorial = sectoral information system.
    * sistema de procesamiento de información = information processing system.
    * sistema de recuperación de información = IR system.
    * sistema de recuperación de información por medio de menús = menu-based information retrieval system.
    * sistema de suministro de información = information supply system.
    * sistema óptico de información = optical information system.
    * sistema para información geográfica (SIG) = Geographical Information System (GIS).
    * sistema para la información de gestión = management information system (MIS).
    * Sistema para la Información Geográfica (SIG) = Geographic Information System (GIS).
    * sitio web de información = content site, content Web site.
    * sobrecarga de información = information overload.
    * sobreinformación = information overload.
    * sociedad de la información, la = information society, the.
    * solicitar información = request + information.
    * soporte de información = data medium.
    * soportes de la información = information carrying media.
    * subtítulo y/o información complementaria sobre el título = other title information.
    * suministrar información = dispense + information, purvey + information.
    * suministro de información = information-giving.
    * superautopista de la información = information superhighway.
    * tareas relacionadas con la información = information operations.
    * técnica de recuperación de información por coincidencia óptima = best match technique.
    * tecnología de envío de información de un modo automático = push technology.
    * tecnología de la información = informatics, infotech.
    * tecnología de la información aplicada a la archivística = archival informatics.
    * tecnología de la información para ciencias de la salud = health informatics.
    * tecnología de la información para medicina = medical informatics.
    * tecnología de la información (TI) = information technology (IT).
    * tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones = information and communication technologies (ICTs).
    * técnologo de la información sanitaria = informatician.
    * tener acceso a información confidencial = be on the inside.
    * tener poca información = be information poor.
    * teoría de la información = information theory.
    * TIP (El Lugar de Información) = TIP (The Information Place).
    * todo el mundo debe tener acceso a la información = access for all.
    * trabajo de información y de las bibliotecas = library and information work.
    * tráfico de información = data traffic.
    * transferencia de información = information transfer.
    * transferencia de información entre países = transborder data flow (TBDF).
    * transferencia electrónica de información = electronic transfer of information.
    * transmisión de información = information flow, information transmission.
    * transmisión de información a través de la voz = voice transmission.
    * transmitir información = convey + information.
    * tratamiento de la información = information handling.
    * tratamiento específico de la información = specific approach.
    * tratar información = handle + information.
    * trozo de información = tidbit [titbit, -USA].
    * UAP (Accesibilidad Universal a la Información) = UAP (Universal Availability of Information).
    * una mina de información = a mine of information.
    * unidad de información = unit of information, information division, information subdivision.
    * universo de la información, el = information universe, the.
    * uso compartido de la información = information sharing.
    * usuario de la información = information browser.
    * usuario que busca información = information searcher.
    * véase + Nombre + para más información = refer to + Nombre + for details.
    * * *
    1)
    a) (datos, detalles) information

    para mayor información... — for further information...

    b) (Telec) information (AmE), directory enquiries (BrE)
    2) (Period, Rad, TV) news

    informaciones filtradas a la prensa — information o news leaked to the press

    3) (Inf) data (pl)
    * * *
    = data [datum, -sing.], datum [data, -pl.], details, information, informativeness, piece of information, info, information coverage, field data, bit of information.

    Ex: Statistical tabular and numerical abstract are a means of summarising numerical data, which may be presented in its original format in a tabular form.

    Ex: Thus, having entered the authority datum correctly once, we could be sure that no matter how many bibliographic records used it they would all do so with mechanical consistency.
    Ex: With minimum authorization, details of the circulation and order records are not displayed.
    Ex: Thus, the subject approach is extremely important in the access to and the exploitation of information, documents and data.
    Ex: The informativeness of the index depends upon the information contents of the titles that comprise the index.
    Ex: On other occasions a user wants every document or piece of information on a topic traced, and then high recall must be sought, to the detriment of precision.
    Ex: The article is entitled 'CD-ROM reader as info walkman'.
    Ex: Serious attention should be given to the coordination and improvement of bibliographic control at a national level to avoid duplication of effort and gaps in information coverage.
    Ex: This paper discusses the technological revolution in field data collection systems for health sciences.
    Ex: Outside the portacabin there is a board with a few useful bits of information, such as the temperature of the water, visibility, and opening/closing times.
    * abuso de información confidencial = insider trading, insider dealing.
    * abuso de información privilegiada = insider trading, insider dealing.
    * acceso a la información por el autor = author approach.
    * acceso a la información por el título = title approach.
    * acceso a la información por la materia = subject approach to information, subject approach.
    * actuación relacionada con la información = information action.
    * ADONIS (Distribución automática de documentos a través de sistemas de inform = ADONIS (Automated Document Delivery Over Networked Information Systems).
    * agencia de información = information agency.
    * AGRIS (Sistema Internacional de Información sobre Agricultura) = AGRIS (International Agricultural Information System).
    * aldea mundial de la información, la = global information village, the.
    * alfabetización en información = information literacy.
    * alfabeto en información = information literate [information-literate].
    * almacenamiento de la información = information storage.
    * almacenamiento y recuperación automatizada de la información = computerised information retrieval and storage.
    * almacenamiento y recuperación de la información = information storage and retrieval (ISR).
    * analfabetismo en información = information illiteracy.
    * aparato para el uso de la información = information appliance.
    * aplicaciones para la información = information solutions.
    * área de información = communications area.
    * asesor de información = information consultant.
    * asesoría y oficina de información itinerante en furgón = mobile information and advice van.
    * Asociación Nacional de Oficinas de Información al Consumidor (NACAB) = National Association of Citizens' Advice Bureaux (NACAB).
    * ASTINFO (Red Regional para el Intercambio de Información y Experiencias de l = ASTINFO (Regional Network for the Exchange of Information and Experience in Science and Technology in Asia and the Pacific).
    * atender una petición de información = satisfy + request for information.
    * auditoría de la información = information audit, information auditing.
    * auditoría de sistemas de información = information systems auditing, information systems audit.
    * autopista de la información = information highway.
    * basado en la información = information-based, information-intensive.
    * base de datos con información confidencial = intelligence database.
    * BLAISE (Servicio de Información Automatizada de la Biblioteca Británica) = BLAISE (British Library Automated Information Service).
    * bloque funcional de información descriptiva = descriptive information block.
    * broker de información = information broker, broker.
    * buscador de información = information seeker, searcher.
    * buscar información = mine + information, seek + information.
    * búsqueda de información = fact-finding, quest for + information, information seeking.
    * cadena de la información = information chain, the, information provision chain, the.
    * campo de información = data field.
    * capacidad de interpretar información espacial = spatial literacy.
    * capacidad de interpretar información estadística = statistical literacy.
    * capacidad de interpretar información gráfica = graphic literacy.
    * capacidad de manejar la información = information handling.
    * cargar información = load + information.
    * centro coordinador de información = clearinghouse [clearing house].
    * centro de análisis de la información = information analysis centre.
    * centro de información = information agency, information centre.
    * Centro de Información al Ciudadano = Public Information Center (PIC).
    * centro de información ciudadana = community information centre, neighbourhood information centre (NIC).
    * centro de información laboral = job information centre.
    * centro de información sectorial = sectoral information centre.
    * Centro de Información sobre el Ayuntamiento = Kommune Information Centre.
    * centro especializado de proceso de información = clearinghouse [clearing house].
    * centro municipal de información = local authority information outlet.
    * circuito de la información = information chain, the, information provision chain, the.
    * circulación de la información = flow of information.
    * comercialización de la información = information brokerage, information broking, information brokering.
    * Comité Conjunto para Sistemas de Información (JISC) = Joint Information Systems Committee (JISC).
    * compañía dedicada a la información = information company.
    * competencias de información = information literacy.
    * competencias en información = information literacy.
    * compilador de información = information gatherer.
    * comportamiento de búsqueda de información = information-seeking behaviour.
    * compresión de información = data compression.
    * concienciar a Alguien de la importancia de la información = raise + information awareness.
    * con conocimiento básico en el manejo de la información = information literate [information-literate].
    * con información = information-bearing.
    * con mucha información = populated.
    * conocimientos básicos de búsqueda, recuperación y organización de la informa = information literacy.
    * conocimientos en el manejo de la información = info-savvy.
    * consciente de la importancia de la información = information conscious.
    * consumo de información = consumption of information.
    * contener información = carry + information.
    * contenido de la información = information content.
    * conversión de información = data conversion.
    * crecimiento vertiginoso de la información, el = information explosion, the.
    * CRISP (Recuperación Automatizada de Información sobre Proyectos Científicos) = CRISP (Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects).
    * Cumbre Mundial sobre la Sociedad de la Información = World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS).
    * cursos de gestión de información = management course.
    * dar información = provide + information, give + information, release + information.
    * dar información adicional = give + further details.
    * dar información de = give + details of.
    * derecho de acceso a la información = right of access to information.
    * descubrimiento de información en las bases de datos = knowledge discovery in databases (KDD).
    * destreza en la búsqueda de información en una biblioteca = library research skills.
    * destrezas relacionadas con el uso de la información = information skills.
    * destrezas relacionadas con la información = information skills.
    * difundir información = hand out + information.
    * difusión de información = information provision, provision of information, dissemination of information.
    * difusión de la información = information diffusion, information dissemination.
    * difusión selectiva de la información = SDI (selective dissemination of information).
    * difusor de información = information disseminator.
    * dirigir información a = direct + information towards.
    * disco con información = data diskette, data disk.
    * dispositivo de entrada de información mediante la voz = voice input device.
    * distribución de información = content distribution, content delivery.
    * distribución de información por suscripción = syndication.
    * distribuidor de información = information provider.
    * distribuidor de información en línea = host, online host.
    * dosier de información = topic pack, package of information.
    * dosiers de información para el público = self-help pack of information.
    * ecología de la información = information ecology.
    * economía de la información = information economy.
    * elaborar información = digest + information.
    * empresa de servicios de información = information broker, broker, information broking.
    * empresario de la información = infopreneur.
    * encargado de la tecnología de la información = information technologist.
    * encontrar información = dredge up + information.
    * enseñanza en la búsqueda de información = information instruction.
    * enviar información a = direct + output.
    * enviar información de un modo automático = push + information.
    * envío de información por suscripción = syndication feed.
    * era de la información = information era.
    * era de la información, la = information age, the.
    * escasez de información = information scarcity, information underload.
    * esfera de la información, la = infosphere, the.
    * especialista de la información = information specialist.
    * estrategia de búsqueda de información = information seeking pattern.
    * estrategia de gestión de la información = information management strategy.
    * exceso de información = information overload.
    * explosión de la información, la = information explosion, the.
    * extracción de información (EI) = information extraction (IE).
    * falta de información = lack of information.
    * filtración de información = leakage of information.
    * fórmula para la medición de la información de Brillouin = Brillouin's information measure.
    * formulario de recogida de información = data collection form.
    * fuente de información = information source, information store, source of information, source of data.
    * fuente de información electrónica = electronic information source.
    * fuente principal de información = chief source of information.
    * fuentes de información = information base.
    * gestionar información = handle + information.
    * gestión de la información = information management, information handling.
    * Gestión de los Recursos de Información (IRM) = Information Resources Management (IRM).
    * gestor de información = information software package.
    * gestor de la información = information manager, information handler.
    * guerra de la información = information warfare.
    * guía de fuentes de información = pathfinder.
    * hábito de búsqueda de información = information-seeking habit.
    * hacerse de información = secure + information.
    * herramienta de recuperación de información = retrieval tool.
    * herramienta para el uso de la información = information appliance.
    * herramienta para la gestión de la información = information-managing tool.
    * hoja con la información básica para Hacer Algo = data sheet [datasheet].
    * industria de la información electrónica = electronic information industry.
    * industria de la información en línea, la = online industry, the, online information industry, the.
    * industria de la información, la = information industry, the.
    * información adicional = further information, additional information.
    * información administrativa = management information.
    * información al consumidor = consumer information, consumer advice, consumer affairs.
    * información a modo de ejemplo = sample data.
    * información anterior al pedido = preorder information.
    * información a través de la voz = voice information.
    * información automatizada = computerised information.
    * información básica = background information, background note.
    * información bibliográfica = bibliographic data, bibliographic information.
    * Información Bibliográfica Automatizada (MARBI) = MARBI (Machine-Readable Bibliographic Information).
    * información bursátil = share prices.
    * información catalográfica = cataloguing data.
    * información científica = scientific information, scholarly information.
    * información científica y técnica = scientific and technical information (STI).
    * información clínica = clinical information.
    * información comerciable = tradeable information.
    * información comercial = business information.
    * información como artículo de consumo, la = information commodity.
    * información como materia prima, la = information commodity.
    * información complementaria = supplementary information, further information, further details.
    * información comunitaria = community information.
    * información confidencial = inside information, confidential information, insider information.
    * información corporativa = economic intelligence.
    * información de agencia = syndicated matters.
    * información de alojamiento = housing information.
    * información de archivo = archival information.
    * información de autoridades = authority data, authority information.
    * información de contacto = contact details, contact information.
    * información de existencias por bibliotecas = local holdings information.
    * información de fuente fidedigna = authoritative information.
    * información de gestión = management data, management information.
    * información de novedades = press release.
    * información de ocio = infotainment.
    * información deportiva = sporting news.
    * información de precios = price information.
    * información de precios de productos para el consumo = retail prices.
    * información de supervivencia = survival information.
    * información de texto completo = full-text information.
    * información de última hora = news flash.
    * información digital = digital information, digital data, digital content.
    * información documentada = documented information.
    * información documental = documentary information, document information.
    * información económica = business news.
    * información electrónica = electronic content [e-content], electronic information.
    * información empresarial = business information, company information, industry information.
    * información en defensa de las minorías = affirmative information.
    * información en línea = online information.
    * información en soporte = recorded information.
    * información en su estado primario = raw information.
    * información envasada = packaged data.
    * información errónea = misinformation, dirty data, misstatement [mis-statement], misreporting.
    * información específica = data element.
    * información estadística = statistics, statistical data.
    * información estratégica = strategic information.
    * información factual = factual information.
    * información fiable = accurate information.
    * información geoespacial = geospatial data.
    * información geográfica = geoinformation.
    * información gráfica = graphic information.
    * información gubernamental = government information.
    * información indígena = indigenous information.
    * información industrial = industrial information, industry information.
    * información legal = legal information.
    * información local = community information, local knowledge.
    * información no codificada = non-coded information.
    * información numérica = numeric data.
    * información obtenida a través de intermediarios = mediated information.
    * información oficial = official information, public information.
    * información oficial del municipio = municipal information.
    * información oral = voice information.
    * información para hacer pedidos = order information.
    * Información para la Administración Pública (IPA) = Information for Public Administration (IPA).
    * información personal = personal information.
    * información pictórica = pictorial information, pictorial data.
    * información por defecto = default.
    * información pormenorizada = step-by-step details.
    * información por omisión = default.
    * información práctica = practical information.
    * información preempaquetada = pre-packaged information.
    * información primaria = primary information.
    * información privada = property data, private information.
    * información privilegiada = insider information, privileged information.
    * información pública = public information.
    * información puntual = timely information.
    * información que permite mejorar la situación social de Alguien = empowering information.
    * información sanitaria = health information.
    * información secreta = secret information.
    * información secreta sobre un adversario = intelligence.
    * información secundaria = secondary information.
    * información sobre dietética = dietary information.
    * información sobre educación = education information.
    * información sobre el contenido = subject information.
    * información sobre el tiempo que un determinado producto se anuncia en l = air play data.
    * información sobre empresas = business intelligence.
    * información sobre la competencia = business intelligence, competitive intelligence, competitive business intelligence, competitor intelligence.
    * información sobre la flota pesquera = fleet statistics.
    * información sobre la materia = subject data.
    * información sobre localización y existencias = copy-specific holdings and location information.
    * información sobre nutrición = nutrition information.
    * información sobre patentes = patent information.
    * información sobre propiedades inmobiliarias = real estate information.
    * información sobre química = chemical information.
    * información sobre salidas profesionales = career(s) information.
    * información sobre ubicación = location information.
    * información sobre ubicación y existencias = holdings information, holdings statement.
    * información sobre ubicación y existencias = holdings and location information.
    * información sobre una disciplina = discipline-oriented information.
    * información sobre un producto = product literature.
    * información sobre viajes = travel information.
    * información técnica = technical information.
    * información textual = textual information, text information, text knowledge, textual data, textual matter, textual document.
    * información transmitida por fibra óptica = fibre optic-based information.
    * información valiosísima = nugget of information.
    * información visual = visual information.
    * información viva = live information.
    * Infraestructura Mundial para la Información = Global Information Infrastructure (GII).
    * institución relacionada con la información = information organisation, information institution.
    * Instituto de Información Científica (ISI) = Institute of Scientific Information (ISI).
    * intercambiar información = exchange + data.
    * intercambio de información = information exchange, information interchange.
    * intercambio electrónico de información = electronic exchange of information.
    * intermediario de la información = information intermediary, infomediary.
    * introducir información = provide + input.
    * jefe de los servicios de información = chief information officer (CIO).
    * ladrón de información = info-thief.
    * libertad de información = freedom of information (FOI).
    * libre circulación de la información = free flow of information.
    * licencia de acceso a información electrónica = license [licence, -USA], licensing.
    * lleno de información = populated.
    * localizar información = track down + information.
    * más información = further information, further details.
    * medios de microalmacenamiento de la información = microstorage media.
    * medios digitalizados de almacenamiento de información = digitised media.
    * mercado de la información = information market place, information market.
    * metainformación = meta-information.
    * microalmacenamiento de información = microstorage.
    * minipaquete de información = mini-pack.
    * modelo de recuperación de información por coincidencia óptima = best match model.
    * mostrador de información = information desk, enquiry desk.
    * mundo de la información, el = information world, the, information business, the, infosphere, the.
    * navegar por la red en busca de información = surf for + information.
    * necesidad de información = information need.
    * NISTF (Grupo de Trabajo sobre los Sistemas Nacionales de Información de la A = NISTF (Society of American Archivists National Information Systems Task Force).
    * no revelar información = keep + silent, keep + silence.
    * no tener información = be undocumented.
    * objeto de información electrónico = electronic information object.
    * obtener información = obtain + information, glean + information, gain + information, pick up + information, secure + information.
    * obtener información de = elicit + information from.
    * oficina de información = information office, visitor's centre.
    * Oficina de Información al Ciudadano (CAB) = Citizens' Advice Bureau (CAB).
    * oficina de información turística = tourism information office.
    * ofrecer información = provide + information, provide + details, supply + information, offer + information, package + information, furnish + information.
    * operaciones de información = information operations.
    * orientado hacia la información = information-driven.
    * PADI (Preservación de Información Digital Australiana) = PADI (Preservation of Australian Digital Information).
    * PADIS (Sistema de Información para el Desarrollo de Africa) = PADIS (Pan-African Development Information System).
    * país productor de información científica = science producer.
    * panel luminoso de información de tráfico = variable road sign.
    * pantalla de información = frame, screen display.
    * pantalla de información breve = short information display, short information screen.
    * pantalla de información completa = full information display, full information screen.
    * paquete de información = pack, information kit.
    * para la gestión de información textual = text-handling.
    * para más información = for further details.
    * para mayor información sobre = for details of.
    * para mayor información véase + Nombre = see + Nombre + for further details.
    * pedir información = request + information.
    * pedir información de = ask for + details of.
    * pedir información sobre = enquire of [inquire of, -USA].
    * petición de información de referencia = reference enquiry.
    * plantilla de recogida de información = data collection form.
    * pobre en información = info-poor.
    * pobres en información = information have-nots.
    * pobres en información, los = information-poor, the.
    * pobreza de información = information poverty.
    * política de información = information provision, information strategy, information policy.
    * política de información nacional = national information policy.
    * presentar información = submit + information, package + information.
    * presentar información de varios modos = repackage + information.
    * procesamiento de información = information processing.
    * proceso de transferencia de la información = information transfer process.
    * producto de la información = information commodity.
    * profesional de la información = information officer, information professional, information worker, info pro.
    * profesional de las bibliotecas y la información = library and information professional.
    * profesional de la tecnología de la información = informatics professional.
    * profesionales de la información, los = information community, the.
    * profesionales de las bibliotecas y la información, los = library and information profession, the.
    * promovido por el propio sistema de información = information-led.
    * proporcionar información = release + information.
    * protección de información entre fronteras = transborder data protection.
    * protección de la información = data protection.
    * proveedor de información a través de la red = content provider.
    * punto de información = information kiosk.
    * que necesita la información = information-dependent.
    * que transmite información = information-bearing.
    * recabar información = solicit + information.
    * recoger información = collect + data, collect + information, gather + information, summon + knowledge, harvest + information.
    * recogida de información = information gathering.
    * recopilar información = gather + information, collate + information.
    * recuperación de información = data retrieval.
    * recuperación de información de lógica di = fuzzy data retrieval.
    * recuperación de información de lógica difusa = fuzzy data retrieval.
    * recuperación de información en varias lenguas = cross-language information retrieval (CLIR).
    * recuperación de información (RI) = information retrieval (IR).
    * recurso de información = information asset.
    * recursos de información autodidácticos = self help resources.
    * red de información = data network, information network.
    * relacionado con la información = information-related.
    * reorganizar la información = repackage + information.
    * repleto de información = information packed [information-packed].
    * responsable de la tecnología de la información = information technologist.
    * reunir información = pool + information.
    * revolución de la información, la = information revolution, the.
    * rico en información = information-rich, info-rich.
    * ricos en información = information haves.
    * ricos en información, los = information-rich, the.
    * sala de información = information lobby.
    * sector de la información, el = information sector, the, infosphere, the.
    * servicio de difusión selectiva de la información = SDI service.
    * servicio de información = information service, information delivery service, information utility.
    * servicio de información al consumidor = Consumer Advice Centre (CAC), consumer advisory service.
    * servicio de información ciudadana = community information service.
    * servicio de información electrónica = electronic information service.
    * servicio de información en línea = online information service.
    * servicio de información local = local information service.
    * servicio de información sectorial = sectoral information service.
    * servicios de información = Information and Referral services.
    * servicios de información bibliográfica = bibliographical services.
    * servicios de información y referencia = I&R services (Information and Referral).
    * servidor de información = information server.
    * SIGLE (Sistema de Información sobre Literatura Gris en Europa) = SIGLE (System for Information on Grey Literature in Europe).
    * sin conservar información sobre las consultas realizadas anteri = stateless.
    * síndrome de la sobrecarga de información = information fatigue syndrome.
    * sin información sobre el estado anterior = stateless.
    * sintetizar información = synthesise + information.
    * sistema automatizado para la recuperación de información = computerised information retrieval system.
    * sistema de almacenamiento y recuperación de la información = information storage and retrieval system.
    * sistema de cobro por la información usada = information metering.
    * sistema de gestión de la información (SGI) = information management system (IMS).
    * sistema de información = information system.
    * Sistema de Información Bibliotecario = LIBRIS.
    * sistema de información documental = document information system.
    * sistema de información integrado = integrated information system.
    * sistema de información sectorial = sectoral information system.
    * sistema de procesamiento de información = information processing system.
    * sistema de recuperación de información = IR system.
    * sistema de recuperación de información por medio de menús = menu-based information retrieval system.
    * sistema de suministro de información = information supply system.
    * sistema óptico de información = optical information system.
    * sistema para información geográfica (SIG) = Geographical Information System (GIS).
    * sistema para la información de gestión = management information system (MIS).
    * Sistema para la Información Geográfica (SIG) = Geographic Information System (GIS).
    * sitio web de información = content site, content Web site.
    * sobrecarga de información = information overload.
    * sobreinformación = information overload.
    * sociedad de la información, la = information society, the.
    * solicitar información = request + information.
    * soporte de información = data medium.
    * soportes de la información = information carrying media.
    * subtítulo y/o información complementaria sobre el título = other title information.
    * suministrar información = dispense + information, purvey + information.
    * suministro de información = information-giving.
    * superautopista de la información = information superhighway.
    * tareas relacionadas con la información = information operations.
    * técnica de recuperación de información por coincidencia óptima = best match technique.
    * tecnología de envío de información de un modo automático = push technology.
    * tecnología de la información = informatics, infotech.
    * tecnología de la información aplicada a la archivística = archival informatics.
    * tecnología de la información para ciencias de la salud = health informatics.
    * tecnología de la información para medicina = medical informatics.
    * tecnología de la información (TI) = information technology (IT).
    * tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones = information and communication technologies (ICTs).
    * técnologo de la información sanitaria = informatician.
    * tener acceso a información confidencial = be on the inside.
    * tener poca información = be information poor.
    * teoría de la información = information theory.
    * TIP (El Lugar de Información) = TIP (The Information Place).
    * todo el mundo debe tener acceso a la información = access for all.
    * trabajo de información y de las bibliotecas = library and information work.
    * tráfico de información = data traffic.
    * transferencia de información = information transfer.
    * transferencia de información entre países = transborder data flow (TBDF).
    * transferencia electrónica de información = electronic transfer of information.
    * transmisión de información = information flow, information transmission.
    * transmisión de información a través de la voz = voice transmission.
    * transmitir información = convey + information.
    * tratamiento de la información = information handling.
    * tratamiento específico de la información = specific approach.
    * tratar información = handle + information.
    * trozo de información = tidbit [titbit, -USA].
    * UAP (Accesibilidad Universal a la Información) = UAP (Universal Availability of Information).
    * una mina de información = a mine of information.
    * unidad de información = unit of information, information division, information subdivision.
    * universo de la información, el = information universe, the.
    * uso compartido de la información = information sharing.
    * usuario de la información = information browser.
    * usuario que busca información = information searcher.
    * véase + Nombre + para más información = refer to + Nombre + for details.

    * * *
    A
    1 (datos, detalles) information
    necesito más información sobre el tema I need more information on the subject, I need to know more about the subject
    para mayor información llamar al siguiente número for further details o information call the following number
    para su información les comunicamos el nuevo horario de apertura ( frml); we are pleased to inform you of our new opening times ( frml)
    el mostrador de información the information desk
    2 ( Telec) directory assistance ( AmE), information ( AmE), directory enquiries ( BrE)
    3 ( Mil) intelligence, information
    B ( Period, Rad, TV)
    1 (noticias) news
    la información que llega de la zona es confusa the news coming out of the area is confused, the reports coming out of the area are confused
    ¿en qué página viene la información cultural? where's the arts page?
    2 (noticia) news item
    continuamos con el resto de las informaciones and now here is the rest of the news
    informaciones filtradas a la prensa information o news leaked to the press
    C ( Inf) data (pl)
    * * *

     

    información sustantivo femenino
    1
    a) (datos, detalles) information;


    b) (Telec) information (AmE), directory enquiries (BrE)

    2 (Period, Rad, TV) news;

    3 (Inf) data (pl)
    información sustantivo femenino
    1 information
    oficina de información, information bureau
    (en un aeropuerto) information desk
    2 (de periódico, radio, TV) news sing
    3 Tel directory enquiries pl o directory assistance
    ' información' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    acudir
    - ciega
    - ciego
    - confidente
    - consulta
    - cruzarse
    - desinformación
    - dorso
    - esconder
    - fichar
    - genética
    - genético
    - meteorológica
    - meteorológico
    - mina
    - oscuras
    - oscuridad
    - procesar
    - recabar
    - recoger
    - recogida
    - referencia
    - registrar
    - reservada
    - reservado
    - retazo
    - reunir
    - sacacorchos
    - sesgada
    - sesgado
    - sigilo
    - solicitar
    - sonsacar
    - suministrar
    - transparencia
    - transparente
    - venir
    - acceso
    - actualizar
    - adulterar
    - autopista
    - banco
    - callar
    - ciencia
    - codificar
    - comunicar
    - confuso
    - copioso
    - cotejar
    - dar
    English:
    amass
    - apply for
    - brief
    - briefing
    - chart
    - CIA
    - circulate
    - classified
    - collect
    - collection
    - credit bureau
    - detail
    - dig out
    - directory assistance
    - directory enquiries
    - disseminate
    - dropout
    - enquiry
    - erroneous
    - extract
    - gather
    - information
    - information desk
    - information superhighway
    - inquiry
    - inside information
    - insider
    - insider dealing
    - insider trading
    - intelligence
    - interchange
    - interested
    - keep from
    - leak
    - material
    - media studies
    - MIS
    - news agency
    - operator
    - pending
    - process
    - pump
    - quotable
    - release
    - retain
    - scan
    - scanty
    - send away for
    - shall
    - source
    * * *
    1. [conocimiento] information;
    estoy buscando información sobre este autor I'm looking for information on this writer;
    para tu información for your information;
    para mayor información, visite nuestra página web for more information visit our website;
    información confidencial inside information;
    información privilegiada privileged information
    2. [noticias] news [singular];
    [noticia] report, piece of news;
    hemos recibido informaciones contradictorias sobre el accidente we have received conflicting reports about the accident;
    información deportiva sports news;
    información meteorológica weather report o forecast
    3. [oficina] information office;
    (el mostrador de) información the information desk;
    Sr. López, acuda a información would Mr López please come to the information desk
    4. [telefónica] Br directory enquiries, US information
    información horaria Br speaking clock, US (telephone) time-of-day service
    5. Biol información genética genetic information
    6. Informát [datos] data
    * * *
    f
    1 information;
    información genética BIO genetic information
    2 ( noticias) news sg
    * * *
    1) : information
    2) informe: report, inquiry
    3) noticias: news
    * * *
    1. (en general) information
    2. (noticias) news
    3. (recepción) information desk
    4. (de teléfonos) directory enquiries

    Spanish-English dictionary > información

  • 51 patrón de errores

    Ex. In the second, major descriptor phrases that begin with the word 'error' are retrieved, such as 'error analysis (language),' 'error of measurement,' and ' error patterns'.
    * * *

    Ex: In the second, major descriptor phrases that begin with the word 'error' are retrieved, such as 'error analysis (language),' 'error of measurement,' and ' error patterns'.

    Spanish-English dictionary > patrón de errores

  • 52 reactividad

    f.
    reactivity.
    * * *
    * * *
    Ex. This is an analysis of the reactivity of single bonds in aliphatic molecules by statistical and pattern recognition methods.
    * * *

    Ex: This is an analysis of the reactivity of single bonds in aliphatic molecules by statistical and pattern recognition methods.

    Spanish-English dictionary > reactividad

  • 53 Struktur

    Struktur f GEN structure, pattern, breakdown
    * * *
    f < Geschäft> structure, pattern, breakdown
    * * *
    Struktur
    formation, arrangement of parts, structure, pattern, make-up, setup, fabric, texture;
    • demographische Struktur audience composition;
    • gesellschaftliche Struktur structure of society;
    • soziale Struktur social structure (fabric);
    • Struktur des Kreditgeschäfts structure of the lending business;
    • wirtschaftliche Struktur eines Landes economic setup of a country;
    • Struktur der Produktionsaufwendungen input mix;
    • genetische Struktur lebender Organismen verändern to manipulate the genetic structure of living organisms;
    • Strukturanalyse structural analysis;
    • Strukturänderung des Handels change in the pattern of trade;
    • Strukturanpassung structural adjustment;
    • Strukturanpassungsmaßnahmen structural adaptation measures;
    • Strukturdaten structural data.

    Business german-english dictionary > Struktur

  • 54 Language

       Philosophy is written in that great book, the universe, which is always open, right before our eyes. But one cannot understand this book without first learning to understand the language and to know the characters in which it is written. It is written in the language of mathematics, and the characters are triangles, circles, and other figures. Without these, one cannot understand a single word of it, and just wanders in a dark labyrinth. (Galileo, 1990, p. 232)
       It never happens that it [a nonhuman animal] arranges its speech in various ways in order to reply appropriately to everything that may be said in its presence, as even the lowest type of man can do. (Descartes, 1970a, p. 116)
       It is a very remarkable fact that there are none so depraved and stupid, without even excepting idiots, that they cannot arrange different words together, forming of them a statement by which they make known their thoughts; while, on the other hand, there is no other animal, however perfect and fortunately circumstanced it may be, which can do the same. (Descartes, 1967, p. 116)
       Human beings do not live in the object world alone, nor alone in the world of social activity as ordinarily understood, but are very much at the mercy of the particular language which has become the medium of expression for their society. It is quite an illusion to imagine that one adjusts to reality essentially without the use of language and that language is merely an incidental means of solving specific problems of communication or reflection. The fact of the matter is that the "real world" is to a large extent unconsciously built on the language habits of the group.... We see and hear and otherwise experience very largely as we do because the language habits of our community predispose certain choices of interpretation. (Sapir, 1921, p. 75)
       It powerfully conditions all our thinking about social problems and processes.... No two languages are ever sufficiently similar to be considered as representing the same social reality. The worlds in which different societies live are distinct worlds, not merely the same worlds with different labels attached. (Sapir, 1985, p. 162)
       [A list of language games, not meant to be exhaustive:]
       Giving orders, and obeying them- Describing the appearance of an object, or giving its measurements- Constructing an object from a description (a drawing)Reporting an eventSpeculating about an eventForming and testing a hypothesisPresenting the results of an experiment in tables and diagramsMaking up a story; and reading itPlay actingSinging catchesGuessing riddlesMaking a joke; and telling it
       Solving a problem in practical arithmeticTranslating from one language into another
       LANGUAGE Asking, thanking, cursing, greeting, and praying-. (Wittgenstein, 1953, Pt. I, No. 23, pp. 11 e-12 e)
       We dissect nature along lines laid down by our native languages.... The world is presented in a kaleidoscopic flux of impressions which has to be organized by our minds-and this means largely by the linguistic systems in our minds.... No individual is free to describe nature with absolute impartiality but is constrained to certain modes of interpretation even while he thinks himself most free. (Whorf, 1956, pp. 153, 213-214)
       We dissect nature along the lines laid down by our native languages.
       The categories and types that we isolate from the world of phenomena we do not find there because they stare every observer in the face; on the contrary, the world is presented in a kaleidoscopic flux of impressions which has to be organized by our minds-and this means largely by the linguistic systems in our minds.... We are thus introduced to a new principle of relativity, which holds that all observers are not led by the same physical evidence to the same picture of the universe, unless their linguistic backgrounds are similar or can in some way be calibrated. (Whorf, 1956, pp. 213-214)
       9) The Forms of a Person's Thoughts Are Controlled by Unperceived Patterns of His Own Language
       The forms of a person's thoughts are controlled by inexorable laws of pattern of which he is unconscious. These patterns are the unperceived intricate systematizations of his own language-shown readily enough by a candid comparison and contrast with other languages, especially those of a different linguistic family. (Whorf, 1956, p. 252)
       It has come to be commonly held that many utterances which look like statements are either not intended at all, or only intended in part, to record or impart straightforward information about the facts.... Many traditional philosophical perplexities have arisen through a mistake-the mistake of taking as straightforward statements of fact utterances which are either (in interesting non-grammatical ways) nonsensical or else intended as something quite different. (Austin, 1962, pp. 2-3)
       In general, one might define a complex of semantic components connected by logical constants as a concept. The dictionary of a language is then a system of concepts in which a phonological form and certain syntactic and morphological characteristics are assigned to each concept. This system of concepts is structured by several types of relations. It is supplemented, furthermore, by redundancy or implicational rules..., representing general properties of the whole system of concepts.... At least a relevant part of these general rules is not bound to particular languages, but represents presumably universal structures of natural languages. They are not learned, but are rather a part of the human ability to acquire an arbitrary natural language. (Bierwisch, 1970, pp. 171-172)
       In studying the evolution of mind, we cannot guess to what extent there are physically possible alternatives to, say, transformational generative grammar, for an organism meeting certain other physical conditions characteristic of humans. Conceivably, there are none-or very few-in which case talk about evolution of the language capacity is beside the point. (Chomsky, 1972, p. 98)
       [It is] truth value rather than syntactic well-formedness that chiefly governs explicit verbal reinforcement by parents-which renders mildly paradoxical the fact that the usual product of such a training schedule is an adult whose speech is highly grammatical but not notably truthful. (R. O. Brown, 1973, p. 330)
       he conceptual base is responsible for formally representing the concepts underlying an utterance.... A given word in a language may or may not have one or more concepts underlying it.... On the sentential level, the utterances of a given language are encoded within a syntactic structure of that language. The basic construction of the sentential level is the sentence.
       The next highest level... is the conceptual level. We call the basic construction of this level the conceptualization. A conceptualization consists of concepts and certain relations among those concepts. We can consider that both levels exist at the same point in time and that for any unit on one level, some corresponding realizate exists on the other level. This realizate may be null or extremely complex.... Conceptualizations may relate to other conceptualizations by nesting or other specified relationships. (Schank, 1973, pp. 191-192)
       The mathematics of multi-dimensional interactive spaces and lattices, the projection of "computer behavior" on to possible models of cerebral functions, the theoretical and mechanical investigation of artificial intelligence, are producing a stream of sophisticated, often suggestive ideas.
       But it is, I believe, fair to say that nothing put forward until now in either theoretic design or mechanical mimicry comes even remotely in reach of the most rudimentary linguistic realities. (Steiner, 1975, p. 284)
       The step from the simple tool to the master tool, a tool to make tools (what we would now call a machine tool), seems to me indeed to parallel the final step to human language, which I call reconstitution. It expresses in a practical and social context the same understanding of hierarchy, and shows the same analysis by function as a basis for synthesis. (Bronowski, 1977, pp. 127-128)
        t is the language donn eґ in which we conduct our lives.... We have no other. And the danger is that formal linguistic models, in their loosely argued analogy with the axiomatic structure of the mathematical sciences, may block perception.... It is quite conceivable that, in language, continuous induction from simple, elemental units to more complex, realistic forms is not justified. The extent and formal "undecidability" of context-and every linguistic particle above the level of the phoneme is context-bound-may make it impossible, except in the most abstract, meta-linguistic sense, to pass from "pro-verbs," "kernals," or "deep deep structures" to actual speech. (Steiner, 1975, pp. 111-113)
       A higher-level formal language is an abstract machine. (Weizenbaum, 1976, p. 113)
       Jakobson sees metaphor and metonymy as the characteristic modes of binarily opposed polarities which between them underpin the two-fold process of selection and combination by which linguistic signs are formed.... Thus messages are constructed, as Saussure said, by a combination of a "horizontal" movement, which combines words together, and a "vertical" movement, which selects the particular words from the available inventory or "inner storehouse" of the language. The combinative (or syntagmatic) process manifests itself in contiguity (one word being placed next to another) and its mode is metonymic. The selective (or associative) process manifests itself in similarity (one word or concept being "like" another) and its mode is metaphoric. The "opposition" of metaphor and metonymy therefore may be said to represent in effect the essence of the total opposition between the synchronic mode of language (its immediate, coexistent, "vertical" relationships) and its diachronic mode (its sequential, successive, lineal progressive relationships). (Hawkes, 1977, pp. 77-78)
       It is striking that the layered structure that man has given to language constantly reappears in his analyses of nature. (Bronowski, 1977, p. 121)
       First, [an ideal intertheoretic reduction] provides us with a set of rules"correspondence rules" or "bridge laws," as the standard vernacular has it-which effect a mapping of the terms of the old theory (T o) onto a subset of the expressions of the new or reducing theory (T n). These rules guide the application of those selected expressions of T n in the following way: we are free to make singular applications of their correspondencerule doppelgangers in T o....
       Second, and equally important, a successful reduction ideally has the outcome that, under the term mapping effected by the correspondence rules, the central principles of T o (those of semantic and systematic importance) are mapped onto general sentences of T n that are theorems of Tn. (P. Churchland, 1979, p. 81)
       If non-linguistic factors must be included in grammar: beliefs, attitudes, etc. [this would] amount to a rejection of the initial idealization of language as an object of study. A priori such a move cannot be ruled out, but it must be empirically motivated. If it proves to be correct, I would conclude that language is a chaos that is not worth studying.... Note that the question is not whether beliefs or attitudes, and so on, play a role in linguistic behavior and linguistic judgments... [but rather] whether distinct cognitive structures can be identified, which interact in the real use of language and linguistic judgments, the grammatical system being one of these. (Chomsky, 1979, pp. 140, 152-153)
        23) Language Is Inevitably Influenced by Specific Contexts of Human Interaction
       Language cannot be studied in isolation from the investigation of "rationality." It cannot afford to neglect our everyday assumptions concerning the total behavior of a reasonable person.... An integrational linguistics must recognize that human beings inhabit a communicational space which is not neatly compartmentalized into language and nonlanguage.... It renounces in advance the possibility of setting up systems of forms and meanings which will "account for" a central core of linguistic behavior irrespective of the situation and communicational purposes involved. (Harris, 1981, p. 165)
       By innate [linguistic knowledge], Chomsky simply means "genetically programmed." He does not literally think that children are born with language in their heads ready to be spoken. He merely claims that a "blueprint is there, which is brought into use when the child reaches a certain point in her general development. With the help of this blueprint, she analyzes the language she hears around her more readily than she would if she were totally unprepared for the strange gabbling sounds which emerge from human mouths. (Aitchison, 1987, p. 31)
       Looking at ourselves from the computer viewpoint, we cannot avoid seeing that natural language is our most important "programming language." This means that a vast portion of our knowledge and activity is, for us, best communicated and understood in our natural language.... One could say that natural language was our first great original artifact and, since, as we increasingly realize, languages are machines, so natural language, with our brains to run it, was our primal invention of the universal computer. One could say this except for the sneaking suspicion that language isn't something we invented but something we became, not something we constructed but something in which we created, and recreated, ourselves. (Leiber, 1991, p. 8)

    Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Language

  • 55 опознавание образов

    2) Engineering: image analysis
    3) Mathematics: image identification
    4) Telecommunications: pattern recognition

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > опознавание образов

  • 56 алгоритм

    algorithm

    – алгоритм выполнения
    – алгоритм Грайза
    – алгоритм Кули-Таки
    – алгоритм Мак-Класки
    – алгоритм перевода
    – алгоритм Поста
    – алгоритм приближенно-двойственный
    – алгоритм распределения
    – алгоритм Сенда-Таки
    – алгоритм сложения
    – алгоритм трансляции
    – алгоритм управления
    – вычислительный алгоритм
    – декодирующий алгоритм
    – детерминированный алгоритм
    – конструировать алгоритм
    – обобщенный алгоритм
    – последовательный алгоритм
    – рекурсивный алгоритм
    – самоизменяющийся алгоритм
    – табличный алгоритм
    – формулировать алгоритм
    – челночный алгоритм

    алгоритм деления Эвклида — Euclidean division algorithm


    алгоритм обучения распознавания — pattern-recognition algorithm


    алгоритм с неполной памятью — partial-memory algorithm


    алгоритм с полной памятью — full-memory algorithm


    алгоритм управляющего устройства — controller algorithm


    алгоритм численного анализа — numerical analysis algorithm

    Русско-английский технический словарь > алгоритм

  • 57 анализ ошибок за счёт диаграммы направленности антенны

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > анализ ошибок за счёт диаграммы направленности антенны

  • 58 анализатор

    1) General subject: analyser (электронный прибор), analyzer, parser
    3) Military: identifier
    6) Psychology: sensory receptor
    7) Telecommunications: analizing device
    8) Textile: stapler (прибор для сортировки волокна по длине и составления штапельной диаграммы)
    10) Information technology: estimating device, sniffer
    11) Ecology: analyzer analysis
    12) Programming: (соответствия) pattern matcher (компонент, осуществляющий в системе ИИ операцию сопоставления поступающих на его вход данных с имеющимися образцами с целью распознавания входных данных)
    13) Psychoanalysis: sense (sensory) receptor
    14) Makarov: explorer (программно-аппаратное средство в системе искусств. интеллекта)

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > анализатор

  • 59 аналитический шаблон

    Rare: analysis pattern (группа понятий, в совокупности представляющих некоторое общепринятое построение в прикладном моделировании. Может относиться к одной предметной области или распространяться на несколько)

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > аналитический шаблон

  • 60 распределение

    1) General subject: alloc, allocation, allotment (allotment of billets - отведение квартир), assignment, breakdown, classification (по какой-л. системе), dealing, deferrals or prepayments, dispensation, distribution, divide, estimated items, gas/solid partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds (SOCs) to air filters: an analysis of gas adsorption artifacts in measurements of atmospheric SOCs and organic carbon when using teflon membrane filters and quartz fiber filters, ordering, ordonnance, outgiving, parcelling, bargain-sale, outlet, (E.g. после окончания вуза) career assignment, distribution over (в пределах чего-л.)
    2) Aviation: downstream function
    3) Naval: distribution (ошибок, невязок)
    4) Medicine: division
    8) Chemistry: allocating
    9) Construction: allocation (расходов, рабочей силы), spreading (напр. бетонной смеси)
    12) Economy: allocation (сумм, кредитов), breakdown (по статьям, группам и т.п.), distribution (напр. национального дохода), reapportionment
    13) Accounting: absorption
    15) Automobile industry: breaking up (струи), distributing, proportioning
    17) Diplomatic term: dole (чего-л.; особ. в благотворительных целях)
    18) Forestry: dispatching
    20) Politics: repartition
    21) Electronics: configuration
    24) Geophysics: structure
    25) Food industry: apportioning
    27) Ecology: spreading
    28) Patents: dissemination
    29) Sakhalin energy glossary: room allocation, room assignment
    30) Management: appropriation
    31) Network technologies: mapping
    32) Polymers: spread
    33) Automation: breakdown (напр. работы между станками), management, rationing
    34) leg.N.P. allotment (property law), apportionment (property law), distribution (property law), share of representation (international organizations)
    35) Makarov: administration, allocation (напр. памяти ЭВМ), allocation (напр. приборов на приборной доске), allocation (напр., памяти ЭВМ), assignment (ресурсов), delumping, disposition, ordonnance (особ. литературного материала, отдельных частей и деталей в произведении искусства), profile, regimentation
    36) Taboo: dishing out
    37) SAP.tech. distr.
    38) SAP.fin. distribution of profits
    40) Foreign Ministry: stationing
    41) Fisheries: (квоты между компаниями, промысловыми секторами и т.п.) allocation

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > распределение

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