pathos

* * *

dŏlor, ōris, m. [doleo], pain, smart, ache (freq. and class.; for syn. cf.: aegrimonia, maeror, maestitia, luctus, plangor, tristitia, angor, anxietas, cura, sollicitudo).

Corporeal:

dolor est motus asper in corpore, alienus a sensibus,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 15: dolores atque carnificinas facere, Cato ap. Gell. 10, 3, 17:

corporis,

Lucr. 4, 1075:

capitis,

id. 6, 785:

dentium, oculorum,

id. 6, 660:

pedum,

Cic. Brut. 34, 130:

articulorum,

id. Att. 1, 5 fin.:

laterum,

Hor. S. 1, 9, 32 et saep.—Of the pangs of childbirth, Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 33; id. Cist. 1, 2, 22:

utero exorti dolores,

id. Am. 5, 1, 40; cf. id. ib. 48; 3, 1, 19; id. Truc. 4, 3, 33 (with labor); Ter. And. 1, 5, 33 (with laborare); id. Ad. 3, 1, 2 al.—Comic., of the gripings in the stomach of a hungry person, Plaut. Stich. 1, 3, 11.—

Mental, as a general designation of every painful, oppressive feeling, pain, distress, grief, tribulation, affliction, sorrow, anguish, trouble, vexation, mortification, chagrin, etc. (syn. luctus):

dolor (est) aegritudo crucians,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 8, 18:

si cadit in sapientem animi dolor,

id. Lael. 13, 48:

quanta est cura in animo, quantum corde capio dolorem,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 5, 5;

so with cura,

Cic. Fam. 4, 6, 2:

in labore atque in dolore,

Plaut. Ps. 2, 3, 20:

majorem laetitiam ex desiderio bonorum percepimus, quam ex laetitia improborum dolorem,

Cic. Rep. 1, 4; cf.

opp. laetatio,

Caes. B. G. 5, 52 fin.:

te dolorem, quem acceperis cum summi viri tum amicissimi morte, ferre moderate,

Cic. Lael. 2, 8; cf. id. de Or. 2, 48 fin.; and:

magno esse Germanis dolori Ariovisti mortem,

Caes. B. G. 5, 29, 3; cf. also id. ib. 7, 38, 3:

magnum et acerbum dolorem commovere,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 21 fin.:

dolore angi,

id. Fam. 4, 3; cf. id. Phil. 8, 6, 18. —

Esp., indignation, wrath, animosity, anger, resentment:

sed ego in hac sententia dicenda non parebo dolori meo, non iracundiae serviam,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 1, 2; cf. id. ib. 18, 44:

et rei publicae injuriam et suum dolorem condonare,

Caes. B. G. 1, 20, 5:

qui accipit injuriam, et meminit et prae se fert dolorem suum,

Cic. Off. 2, 22 fin.:

magno dolore affici,

Caes. B. G. 1, 2, 4; cf. id. ib. 5, 4 fin.; id. B. C. 2, 33, 1; cf.

also: in eas (naves) indiligentiae suae ac doloris iracundia erupit,

id. ib. 3, 8, 3:

quis indomitas tantus dolor excitat iras?

Verg. A. 2, 594; Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 60; id. Epod. 15, 15:

amator agit ubi secum, Accedam? an potius mediter finire dolores,

the torments of love, id. S. 2, 3, 263; cf. Ov. A. A. 2, 519; Prop. 1, 13, 9; 3, 20, 27 (4, 20, 17 M.) et saep.:

Catonem veteres inimicitiae Caesaris incitant et dolor repulsae,

Caes. B. C. 1, 4, 2; so,

repulsae,

Ov. M. 3, 395:

injuriae,

Liv. 1, 40:

ignominiae,

Suet. Vesp, 8:

conjugis amissae,

Ov. M. 7, 688 et saep.:

justus mihi dolor etiam adversus deos esset, quod, etc.,

Tac. A. 2, 71.—Prov.:

dolorem longa consumit dies,

Sen. ad Marc. 8; cf.:

dolor decrescit, ubi quo crescat non habet,

Pub. Syr. 129 (Rib.).—

Terror, Amm. 14, 2, 15.—

Meton.

A grief, i. e. an object or cause of grief:

illa (potest) etiam duris mentibus esse dolor,

Prop. 1, 14, 18; Ov. P. 3, 3, 73.—

In rhet. lang. for the Gr. pathos, passionate, warm expression; pathos, Cic. de Or. 3, 25; id. Brut. 24, 93; id. Or. 37, 130; id. de Or. 2, 17 fin.; Quint. 6, 2, 36.

* * *

* * *

* * *

affectĭo ( adf-), ōnis, f. [adficio].

The relation to or disposition toward a thing produced in a person by some influence (in this and the two foll. signif. almost peculiar to the philos. lang. of Cic.): comparantur ea, quae aut majora aut minora aut paria dicuntur;

in quibus spectantur haec: numerus, species, vis, quaedam etiam ad res aliquas adfectio,

relation, Cic. Top. 18, 68, and § 70; cf. id. ib. 2, 7.—

A.. A change in the state or condition of body or mind, a state or frame of mind, feeling (only transient, while habitus is lasting):

adfectio est animi aut corporis ex tempore aliqua de causa commutatio ut, laetitia, cupiditas, metus, molestia, morbus, debilitas, et alia, quae in eodem genere reperiuntur,

Cic. Inv. 1, 25, 36; 1, 2, 5; cf. 1, 2, 5, § 19. In Gellius = adfectus, as transl. of the Gr. pathos, Gell. 19, 12, 3.—

A permanent state of mind, a frame of mind, a state of feeling, Gr. diathesis:

virtus est adfectio animi constans conveniensque,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 15, 34 Kühn (cf. in Gr. diathesis psuchês sumphônês hautêi, Stob. Ecl. Eth. 2, p. 104); id. Fin. 3, 26, 65 Goer.:

non mihi est vita mea utilior quam animi talis adfectio, neminem ut violem commodi mei gratiā,

id. Off. 2, 6, 29 Beier.—Also of body, as anal. to the mind, a fixed, permanent constitution: tu qui detinieris summum bonum firma corporis adfectione contineri, etc., Cic. Tusc. 5, 9, 27.—And metaph. of the stars, their position in respect to one another:

astrorum,

a constellation, Cic. Fat. 4:

ex qua adfectione caeli primum spiritum duxerit,

id. Div. 2, 47 (cf. affectus, a, um, B.).—

Esp., a favorable disposition toward any one, love, affection, good-will (post-Aug. prose):

simiarum generi praecipua erga fetum adfectio,

Plin. 8, 54, 80:

egit Nero grates patribus laetas inter audientium adfectiones,

Tac. A. 4, 15:

argentum magis quam aurum sequuntur, nullā adfectione animi, sed quia, etc.,

id. G. 5; Just. 24, 3:

Artemisia Mausolum virum amāsse fertur ultra adfectionis humanae fidem,

Gell. 10, 18, 1.—Concr., the loved object: adfectiones, children, Cod. Th. 13, 9, 3.—

In the Lat. of the Pandects, ability of willing, will, volition, inclination (cf. 2. affectus, II. D.):

furiosus et pupillus non possunt incipere possidere, quia adfectionem tenendi non habent,

Dig. 5, 16, 60.

affectus ( adf-), a, um, P. a., nom. afficio.

affectus ( adf-), ūs, m. [afficio].

A state of body, and esp. of mind produced in one by some influence (cf. affectio, I.), a state or disposition of mind, affection, mood: adfectuum duae sunt species: alteram Graeci pathos vocant, alteram êthos, Quint. 6, 2, 8:

qualis cujusque animi adfectus esset, talem esse hominem,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 16, 47:

dubiis adfectibus errat,

Ov. M. 8, 473:

mentis,

id. Tr. 4, 3, 32:

animi,

id. ib. 5, 2, 8:

diversos adfectus exprimere, flentis et gaudentis,

Plin. 34, 8, 19, n. 10:

adfectu concitati,

Quint. 6, 2, 8:

adfectus dulciores,

id. 10, 1, 101; 1, 11, 2; 6, 1, 7 al.—Of the body:

supersunt alii corporis adfectus,

Cels. 3, 18; 2, 15.—

Esp.

Love, desire, fondness, good-will, compassion, sympathy (postAug.):

opes atque inopiam pari adfectu concupiscunt,

Tac. Agr. 30:

si res ampla domi similisque affectibus esset,

Juv. 12, 10:

parentis,

Suet. Tit. 8:

adfectu jura corrumpere,

Quint. Decl. 6, 11.—

In Lucan and in later prose, meton. for the beloved objects, the dear or loved ones (in plur.; cf.

adfectio, II. C.): tenuit nostros Lesbos adfectus,

Luc. Phars. 8, 132: milites, quorum adfectus ( wives and children) in Albano monte erant, Capitol. Maxim. 23; id. Anton. Phil. 24; hence, adfectus publici, the judges as representatives of the people, Quint. Decl. 2, 17 al.—

In Seneca and Pliny, low, ignoble passion or desire:

adfectus sunt motus animi improbabiles subiti et concitati,

Sen. Ep. 75; Plin. Pan. 79, 3.—

In the Latin of the Pandects, ability of willing, will, volition (cf. affectio, II. D.):

hoc edicto neque pupillum, neque furiosum teneri constat, quia adfectu carent,

Dig. 43, 4, 1; 44, 7, 54; 3, 5, 19, § 2 al.

affectĭo ( adf-), ōnis, f. [adficio].

The relation to or disposition toward a thing produced in a person by some influence (in this and the two foll. signif. almost peculiar to the philos. lang. of Cic.): comparantur ea, quae aut majora aut minora aut paria dicuntur;

in quibus spectantur haec: numerus, species, vis, quaedam etiam ad res aliquas adfectio,

relation, Cic. Top. 18, 68, and § 70; cf. id. ib. 2, 7.—

A.. A change in the state or condition of body or mind, a state or frame of mind, feeling (only transient, while habitus is lasting):

adfectio est animi aut corporis ex tempore aliqua de causa commutatio ut, laetitia, cupiditas, metus, molestia, morbus, debilitas, et alia, quae in eodem genere reperiuntur,

Cic. Inv. 1, 25, 36; 1, 2, 5; cf. 1, 2, 5, § 19. In Gellius = adfectus, as transl. of the Gr. pathos, Gell. 19, 12, 3.—

A permanent state of mind, a frame of mind, a state of feeling, Gr. diathesis:

virtus est adfectio animi constans conveniensque,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 15, 34 Kühn (cf. in Gr. diathesis psuchês sumphônês hautêi, Stob. Ecl. Eth. 2, p. 104); id. Fin. 3, 26, 65 Goer.:

non mihi est vita mea utilior quam animi talis adfectio, neminem ut violem commodi mei gratiā,

id. Off. 2, 6, 29 Beier.—Also of body, as anal. to the mind, a fixed, permanent constitution: tu qui detinieris summum bonum firma corporis adfectione contineri, etc., Cic. Tusc. 5, 9, 27.—And metaph. of the stars, their position in respect to one another:

astrorum,

a constellation, Cic. Fat. 4:

ex qua adfectione caeli primum spiritum duxerit,

id. Div. 2, 47 (cf. affectus, a, um, B.).—

Esp., a favorable disposition toward any one, love, affection, good-will (post-Aug. prose):

simiarum generi praecipua erga fetum adfectio,

Plin. 8, 54, 80:

egit Nero grates patribus laetas inter audientium adfectiones,

Tac. A. 4, 15:

argentum magis quam aurum sequuntur, nullā adfectione animi, sed quia, etc.,

id. G. 5; Just. 24, 3:

Artemisia Mausolum virum amāsse fertur ultra adfectionis humanae fidem,

Gell. 10, 18, 1.—Concr., the loved object: adfectiones, children, Cod. Th. 13, 9, 3.—

In the Lat. of the Pandects, ability of willing, will, volition, inclination (cf. 2. affectus, II. D.):

furiosus et pupillus non possunt incipere possidere, quia adfectionem tenendi non habent,

Dig. 5, 16, 60.

affectus ( adf-), a, um, P. a., nom. afficio.

affectus ( adf-), ūs, m. [afficio].

A state of body, and esp. of mind produced in one by some influence (cf. affectio, I.), a state or disposition of mind, affection, mood: adfectuum duae sunt species: alteram Graeci pathos vocant, alteram êthos, Quint. 6, 2, 8:

qualis cujusque animi adfectus esset, talem esse hominem,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 16, 47:

dubiis adfectibus errat,

Ov. M. 8, 473:

mentis,

id. Tr. 4, 3, 32:

animi,

id. ib. 5, 2, 8:

diversos adfectus exprimere, flentis et gaudentis,

Plin. 34, 8, 19, n. 10:

adfectu concitati,

Quint. 6, 2, 8:

adfectus dulciores,

id. 10, 1, 101; 1, 11, 2; 6, 1, 7 al.—Of the body:

supersunt alii corporis adfectus,

Cels. 3, 18; 2, 15.—

Esp.

Love, desire, fondness, good-will, compassion, sympathy (postAug.):

opes atque inopiam pari adfectu concupiscunt,

Tac. Agr. 30:

si res ampla domi similisque affectibus esset,

Juv. 12, 10:

parentis,

Suet. Tit. 8:

adfectu jura corrumpere,

Quint. Decl. 6, 11.—

In Lucan and in later prose, meton. for the beloved objects, the dear or loved ones (in plur.; cf.

adfectio, II. C.): tenuit nostros Lesbos adfectus,

Luc. Phars. 8, 132: milites, quorum adfectus ( wives and children) in Albano monte erant, Capitol. Maxim. 23; id. Anton. Phil. 24; hence, adfectus publici, the judges as representatives of the people, Quint. Decl. 2, 17 al.—

In Seneca and Pliny, low, ignoble passion or desire:

adfectus sunt motus animi improbabiles subiti et concitati,

Sen. Ep. 75; Plin. Pan. 79, 3.—

In the Latin of the Pandects, ability of willing, will, volition (cf. affectio, II. D.):

hoc edicto neque pupillum, neque furiosum teneri constat, quia adfectu carent,

Dig. 43, 4, 1; 44, 7, 54; 3, 5, 19, § 2 al.

cārĭtas, ātis, f. [carus].

Prop., dearness, costliness, high price, etc. (opp. vilitas):

annonae,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 18, § 47; 2, 3, 92, § 215; id. Off. 3, 12, 50; Liv. 44, 7, 10; Suet. Ner. 45:

rei frumentariae (opp. vilitas annonae),

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 15, 44:

nummorum,

id. Att. 9, 9, 4:

olei,

Plin. 18, 28, 68, § 273:

vini,

Suet. Aug. 42.—Also absol. caritas (sc. annonae), high prices, Cato, R. R. 3:

ut tum vendas cum caritas est,

Varr. R. R. 1, 69:

cum alter annus in vilitate, alter in summā caritate fuerit,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 93, § 216; id. Off. 2, 17, 58.—

Trop., regard, esteem, affection, love (cf. amor, I.; in good prose;

syn.: benevolentia, favor, studium): cum deorum tum parentum patriaeque cultus eorumque hominum, qui aut sapientiā aut opibus excellunt, ad caritatem referri solet: conjuges autem et liberi, et fratres et alii, quos usus familiaritasque conjunxit, quamquam etiam caritate ipsā, tamen amore maxime continentur,

Cic. Part. Or. 25, 88; hence, opp. amor, as esteem to personal affection:

si id videare, quod sit utile ipsis, defendere... haec res amorem magis conciliat, illa virtutis defensio caritatem,

id. de Or. 2, 51, 206; cf. Treb. ap. id. Fam. 12, 16, 2; Liv. 24, 4, 8:

ut qui pacem belli amore turbaverant, bellum pacis caritate deponerent,

Tac. H. 2, 37: amor pathos, caritas êthos, Quint. 6, 2, 12:

caritas, quae est inter natos et parentes,

Cic. Lael. 8, 27;

Quint. prooem. § 6: liberalitate qui utuntur benevolentiam sibi conciliant et caritatem,

id. Fin. 1, 16, 52; id. Lael. 27, 102; Quint. 11, 1, 72:

ingenita erga patriam caritas,

Liv. 1, 34, 5:

retinere caritatem in aliquem,

Cic. Lael. 19, 70:

sanguine et caritate propior,

Tac. A. 6, 46:

caritatem paraverat loco auctoritatis,

id. Agr. 16 fin. — The subjoined gen. is usu. objective:

patriae et suorum,

Cic. Off. 3, 27, 100; id. Sest. 24, 53; Nep. Alcib. 5, 1:

rei publicae,

Cic. Phil. 12, 8, 20; Liv. 2, 2, 5:

domini,

id. 1, 51, 8:

Syracusanorum,

id. 25, 28, 7:

Hieronis,

id. 24, 5, 1:

liberum,

id. 8, 7, 18:

filiae,

Tac. A. 12, 4:

ipsius soli,

Liv. 2, 1, 5:

sedium suarum,

id. 5, 42, 2; Quint. 6, 2, 14.—But sometimes also subjective, love entertained by one:

hominum, deorum,

Cic. N. D. 1, 44, 122; id. de Or. 2, 58, 237:

civium,

id. Phil. 1, 12, 29; Liv. 24, 4, 8 (with amor);

or, more rarely, of the cause or ground of the love: caritas illius necessitudinis,

Cic. Sest. 3, 6:

benevolentiae,

id. Lael. 9, 32.—In plur. of the different species of affection:

omnes omnium caritates patria una complexa est,

Cic. Off. 1, 17, 57; id. Fin. 3, 22, 73:

liberum,

App. M. 5, p. 171.—

In late Lat., meton., caritates = cari, the loved persons, Amm. 18, 8, 14; 24, 1, 9.

con-cŭtĭo, cussi, cussum, 3, v. a. [quatio, as cur = quāre].

To strike one upon another, to strike together (rare): utrum cavae manus concutiantur, an planae, Sen. Q. N. 2, 28, 1:

concussā manu dare signa,

Ov. M. 11, 465:

frameas,

Tac. G. 11.—

To shake violently, to shake, agitate (freq. and class. in prose and poetry).

Lit. (mostly poet.): concutit ungula terram, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 419 Vahl.): tonitru concussa aequora caeli, Att. ap. Non. p. 505, 8 (Trag. Rel. v. 224 Rib.); cf.:

templa caeli summa sonitu (in a parodying of pathos),

Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 42; cf.:

serena caeli sonitu,

Lucr. 2, 1101; 6, 358:

grandi tonitru concussa repente Terra,

id. 5, 551; cf. id. 6, 544:

terra ingenti motu concussa est,

Liv. 3, 10, 6; Ov. M. 8, 781:

concussae cadunt urbes,

Lucr. 5, 1236: concusso terrae motu theatro, * Suet. Ner. 20:

moenia,

Ov. M. 13, 175:

freta,

id. ib. 6, 691;

7, 201: undas,

id. ib. 8, 605:

artus,

Lucr. 5, 1076; 6, 595; cf. id. 2, 949:

corpora risu,

id. 1, 918; 2, 976; cf. Juv. 3, 101; Quint. 6, 3, 9:

caput,

Ov. M. 2, 50:

caesariem,

id. ib. 1, 179; cf.

comam,

id. F. 2, 846:

tempora,

id. M. 13, 644:

manum,

id. ib. 11, 465:

pectus,

id. ib. 2, 755:

arma manu,

to hurl, id. ib. 1, 143; 7, 130; cf.:

tela lacertis,

id. ib. 12, 79:

te certo arcu,

to hit surely, Prop. 1, 7, 15:

inmissis aurigae undantia lora Concussere jugis,

Verg. A. 5, 147:

in calicibus concussis,

Plin. 35, 16, 55, § 193 Sillig N. cr.:

munimenta arietibus admotis,

Curt. 8, 2, 22:

aures Caesaris concutit fragor,

Luc. 6, 163:

corpus concutit gestatio,

Sen. Ep. 15, 6:

pectora planctu,

Stat. S. 5, 1, 179.— Pass.:

quorum (ignium) ictu concuti aera verum est,

Plin. 2, 43, 43, § 112:

corpus concutitur gestatione,

Cels. 3, 21:

majore cachinno Concutitur,

Juv. 3, 100:

concutitur sanguis,

Lucr. 3, 249.—Esp. in part. perf.:

mugitibus aether,

Verg. G. 3, 151:

risu tremulo (ora),

Lucr. 1, 919; 2, 976:

rates,

shattered, Ov. P. 2, 3, 59:

coma,

id. F. 2, 846:

corpus vulnere,

Stat. S. 3, 4, 70:

fores,

Ov. Am. 1, 6, 50:

ilex,

Verg. G. 4, 81:

quercus,

id. ib. 1, 159:

materies per artus,

Lucr. 2, 949:

Lyrnesia moenia dextrā,

Ov. M. 13, 175:

mons,

Prop. 3, 13 (4, 12), 53:

paries,

Dig. 39, 2, 18, § 11:

remo concusso tollere ratem,

Val. Fl. 1, 340.— With Gr. acc.:

pectus concussa crebris verberibus,

Luc. 2, 335.—

Se, to examine by shaking one's self; the figure taken from the searching of a thief, etc., by shaking his garments; hence, trop. equiv. to search, examine (cf. excutio):

te ipsum Concute, num qua tibi vitiorum inseverit olim Natura,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 35 Orell. ad loc. and cf. B. 3. infra.—

Trop.

To shake the power of, shake to its foundation, to shatter, cause to waver, to impair, disturb, distract:

rem publicam,

Cic. Phil. 2, 42, 109; Plin. Pan. 6, 3:

provincias magnis momentis,

Vell. 2, 78:

regnum,

Liv. 33, 19, 1:

orbem,

Tac. H. 1, 16:

opes Lacedaemoniorum,

Nep. Epam. 6, 4:

provincias magnis molimentis,

Vell. 2, 78, 1:

concusso jam et paene fracto Hannibale,

Liv. 28, 44, 11:

domum,

Tac. H. 3, 45:

concussā Transrhenanorum fide,

id. ib. 5, 25:

nondum concusso senatusconsulto,

id. A. 14, 43:

imperium Persarum,

Curt. 4, 14, 20; cf. Plin. Ep. 10, 114 (115), 3:

concussa fides,

Luc. 1, 182.—

Usually, to put in fear, terror, or anxiety, to terrify, alarm, trouble:

terrorem metum concutientem definiunt,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 8, 19:

consules declarantur M. Tullius et C. Antonius, quod factum primo populares conjurationis concusserat,

Sall. C. 24, 1:

populum Romanum terrore Numantini belli,

Vell. 2, 90, 3; Quint. 4, 2, 37:

urbem,

Verg. A. 4, 666:

totam Asiam,

Curt. 4, 1, 20:

ingens barbaros pavor concusserat,

id. 8, 2, 24:

casu concussus acerbo,

Verg. A. 5, 700; Tac. H. 2, 99 fin.:

extemplo turbati animi concussaque vulgi Pectora,

Verg. A. 11, 451. — Poet. in a Greek constr.:

casu animum concussus amici,

Verg. A. 5, 869:

hoc concussa metu mentem Juturna virago,

id. ib. 12, 468; so Hor. S. 2, 3, 295.—

In the jurists: aliquem, to terrify one by threats, etc., in order to extort money from him, Dig. 1, 18, 6, § 3; Paul. Sent. 5, 25, 12; Cod. Th. 9, 27, 6; cf. concussio, II., concussor, and concussura.—

In gen., of any excitement of the passions: magnum et summum est deoque vicinum, non concuti. Hanc stabilem animi sedem Graeci euthumian vocant... ego tranquillitatem voco, Sen. Tranq. 2, 3:

hoc agite: Poenas petite violatae Stygis: Concutite pectus,

Sen. Herc. Fur. 105.—

To urge, excite, rouse to activity, = excitare, commovere (rare and not ante-Aug.):

fecundum concute pectus,

Verg. A. 7, 338:

tu concute plebem,

Petr. Poet. 124, 288:

se concussere ambae,

Juv. 10, 328:

non leviter se Numidia concussit,

Flor. 3, 1, 2.—Hence, * concussus, a, um, P. a., stirred up, restless:

Pallas aliquanto concussior,

Mart. Cap. 4, § 332.

mĭsĕrĭcordĭa, ae, f. [misericors], tender-heartedness, pity, compassion, mercy.

Lit. (class.):

misericordia est aegritudo ex miseriā alterius injuriā laborantis,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 8, 18:

(Stoici) misericordiam, cupiditatem, metum, morbos animi appellant,

Lact. 6, 14:

misericordiam aliis commovere... misericordiā capi,

Cic. de Or. 2, 47, 195:

misericordiā commotus,

id. Mur. 31, 65:

mentes hominum ad lenitatem misericordiamque revocare,

id. de Or. 1, 12, 53: misericordiam implorare et exposcere, id. [p. 1151] Mil. 34, 92:

vestram misericordiam implorat,

id. Mur. 40, 86:

captare,

id. Phil. 2, 34:

populi concitare,

id. de Or. 1, 53, 227:

tribuere alicui,

to give, bestow, id. Planc. 1, 3:

adhibere,

to show, id. Rab. Perd. 2, 5:

praebere, Aug. Civ. Dei, 9, 5: exercere,

to exercise, Dig. 16, 3, 7:

misericordiam facere (eccl. Lat.),

Vulg. Gen. 20, 13 al.:

alienā misericordiā vivo,

on the compassion of others, Cic. Rosc. Am. 50, 145:

cum ipse patitur, miseria, cum aliis compatitur, misericordia dici solet,

Aug. Conf. 3, 2, 1:

ad misericordiam inducere,

to move, Cic. Brut. 50, 188:

ad misericordiam vocare,

id. Mur. 3:

misericordiam magnam habere,

to have, entertain, id. ib. 40, 86.— Plur.:

misericordias habere,

Plaut. Most. 2, 3, 115.—With gen.:

puerorum,

for the children, Cic. Att. 7, 12:

haec magnā cum misericordiā fletuque pronuntiantur,

with great pathos, Caes. B. C. 2, 12 fin.:

remotā misericordiā discutere,

without compassion, Aug. Conf. 9, 13, 1.— Esp., plur.:

misericordiae,

works of charity, Salv. adv. Avar. 2, 1.—

Transf., a condition to excite compassion, wretchedness, misery:

quantum misericordiae nobis tuae preces et tua salus allatura sit,

Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 3, 8.—

Personified: Mĭ-sĕrĭcordĭa, the goddess Mercy or Compassion, App. M. 1, p. 263, 38; cf. Quint. 5, 11, 38; Claud. B. Gild. 404.

mĭsĕrĭcordĭa, ae, f. [misericors], tender-heartedness, pity, compassion, mercy.

Lit. (class.):

misericordia est aegritudo ex miseriā alterius injuriā laborantis,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 8, 18:

(Stoici) misericordiam, cupiditatem, metum, morbos animi appellant,

Lact. 6, 14:

misericordiam aliis commovere... misericordiā capi,

Cic. de Or. 2, 47, 195:

misericordiā commotus,

id. Mur. 31, 65:

mentes hominum ad lenitatem misericordiamque revocare,

id. de Or. 1, 12, 53: misericordiam implorare et exposcere, id. [p. 1151] Mil. 34, 92:

vestram misericordiam implorat,

id. Mur. 40, 86:

captare,

id. Phil. 2, 34:

populi concitare,

id. de Or. 1, 53, 227:

tribuere alicui,

to give, bestow, id. Planc. 1, 3:

adhibere,

to show, id. Rab. Perd. 2, 5:

praebere, Aug. Civ. Dei, 9, 5: exercere,

to exercise, Dig. 16, 3, 7:

misericordiam facere (eccl. Lat.),

Vulg. Gen. 20, 13 al.:

alienā misericordiā vivo,

on the compassion of others, Cic. Rosc. Am. 50, 145:

cum ipse patitur, miseria, cum aliis compatitur, misericordia dici solet,

Aug. Conf. 3, 2, 1:

ad misericordiam inducere,

to move, Cic. Brut. 50, 188:

ad misericordiam vocare,

id. Mur. 3:

misericordiam magnam habere,

to have, entertain, id. ib. 40, 86.— Plur.:

misericordias habere,

Plaut. Most. 2, 3, 115.—With gen.:

puerorum,

for the children, Cic. Att. 7, 12:

haec magnā cum misericordiā fletuque pronuntiantur,

with great pathos, Caes. B. C. 2, 12 fin.:

remotā misericordiā discutere,

without compassion, Aug. Conf. 9, 13, 1.— Esp., plur.:

misericordiae,

works of charity, Salv. adv. Avar. 2, 1.—

Transf., a condition to excite compassion, wretchedness, misery:

quantum misericordiae nobis tuae preces et tua salus allatura sit,

Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 3, 8.—

Personified: Mĭ-sĕrĭcordĭa, the goddess Mercy or Compassion, App. M. 1, p. 263, 38; cf. Quint. 5, 11, 38; Claud. B. Gild. 404.

passĭo, ōnis, f. [patior], a suffering, enduring (post-class.).

Lit., Maxim. Gallus, 3, 42; Prud. steph. 5, 291; Tert. adv. Val 9 fin.; id. adv. Gnost. 13—Esp. (eccl. Lat.), the sufferings of Christ: demus operam, ut mereamur a Deo et ultionem passionis et praemium. Lact. 5, 23, 5:

post passionem suam,

Vulg. Act. 1, 3; plur., id. 2 Cor. 1, 7; id. Phil. 3, 10.—

In partic., a disease, Firm. 2, 12.—

Transf.

An event, occurrence, phenomenon, App. Mund. p. 61, 31.—

A passion, affection, a transl. of the Gr. pathos: passio in linguā Latinā, maxime in usu loquendi ecclesiastico, non nisi ad vituperationem consuevit intellegi, Aug. Nupt. et Concup. 33; id. Civ. Dei, 8, 16; Serv. ad Verg. G. 2, 499.

pĕdester, tris, tre ( masc. pedestris, Nep. Eum. 4, 3; Vop. Prob. 21, 1), adj. [id.], on foot, that goes, is done, etc., on foot, pedestrian.

Lit.:

gratior illi videtur statua pedestris futura, quam equestris,

Cic. Phil. 9, 6:

equestres et pedestres copiae,

foot-soldiers, infantry, id. Fin. 2, 34, 112:

copiae,

Caes. B. G. 2, 17 al.; Tac. H. 2, 11 fin.; so,

pedester exercitus,

Nep. Eum. 4, 3:

pedestre scutum,

of a foot-soldier, Liv. 7, 10:

pugna,

id. 22, 47:

proelium duplex equestre ac pedestre commisit,

Suet. Dom. 4:

pedestris acies,

Tac. A. 2, 17.—

In plur. subst. pedestres, foot-soldiers, Just. 11, 9; people on foot, Vulg. Matt. 14, 13; id. Marc. 6, 33.—

Pedestria auspicia nominabantur, quae dabantur a vulpe, lupo, equo, ceterisque animalibus quadrupedibus, Paul. ex Fest. p. 244 Müll.—

Transf., on land, by land:

pedestres navalesque pugnae,

Cic. Sen. 5:

pedestria itinera,

the roads by land, Caes. B. G. 3, 9; cf. id. B. C. 2, 32:

proelia pedestria,

Just. 4, 4, 4:

transitus,

Plin. 3, 11, 16, § 101; Mart. Spect. 28. —

Trop., of style, like the Gr. pezos, not rising above the ground, not elevated.

Written in prose, prose (Gr. idiom;

Lat. prosa oratio): Plato multum supra prosam orationem et quam pedestrem Graeci vocant, surgit,

Quint. 10, 1, 81:

pedestres historiae,

Hor. C. 2, 12, 9.—

Plain, common, without poetic flights, without pathos, prosaic:

dolet sermone pedestri Telephus,

Hor. A. P. 95:

quid prius inlustrem satiris musāque pedestri,

id. S. 2, 6, 17 (for which:

sermones Repentes per humum,

id. Ep. 2, 1, 251):

opus,

Aus. Ep. 16, 78:

fabulae,

Ter. Maur. p. 2433 P.

tempŏrālis, e, adj. [tempus].

In gen., of or belonging to time, lasting but for a time, temporary, temporal (mostly postAug.):

causa,

Sen. Q. N. 7, 23, 1:

laudes,

Tac. Agr. 46: pathos temporale esse, Quint. 6, 2, 10:

concessio,

Dig. 29, 1, 1:

exsilium,

ib. 47, 10, 95: ARAE, erected for the occasion, Inscr. ap. Marin. Fratr. Arv. 43, 16;

opp. perpetuum,

Lact. 2, 8, 68; 7, 4, 12.—

In partic., in gram.:

temporale verbum,

denoting time, Varr. L. L. 9, § 108 Müll.:

nomen (as annus, mensis),

Prisc. p. 581 P.:

adverbia (e.g. pridem, nunc, modo),

id. p. 1017 ib.—

Of or belonging to the temples of the head:

venae,

the temporal veins, Veg. Vet. 2, 11; 2, 16.— Adv.: tempŏrālĭter, for a time, temporarily:

observata lex,

Tert. adv. Jud. 2 med.