paenŭla

paenŭla ( pēn-), ae, f., a woollen outer garment covering the whole body, a kind of cloak or mantle, worn on journeys, and also in the city in rainy weather (cf.: laena, lacerna): paenulam in caput induce, ne te noscat, Pompon. ap. Non. 537, 8;

so Lucil. ib.: paenulā irretitus,

Cic. Mil. 20, 54:

incolumi Rhodos... facit quod Paenula solstitio,

Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 18; Plin. 8, 48, 73, § 190: non quaerenda est homini, qui habet virtutem, paenula in imbri, Varr. ap. Non. 537, 12: et multo stillaret paenula nimbo, Juv. 5, 79; cf.

Varr. ap. Non. l. l.: paenulis intra Urbem frigoris causā ut senes uterentur, permisit... matronas tamen intra Urbem paenulis uti vetuit,

Lampr. Alex. Sev. 27; Vulg. 2 Tim. 4, 13.—In later times also worn by orators, Tac. Or. 39.—Prov.: paenulam alicui scindere, i. e. to press one strongly to stay (opp.:

vix paenulam alicui attingere),

Cic. Att. 13, 33, 4.—

Transf., a covering, cover, envelope, protection, Varr. ap. Non. 448, 27:

libertas paenulast tergo tuo,

Plaut. Most. 4, 2, 75 Lorenz:

ne paenula desit olivis,

Mart. 13, 1, 1:

supra catinum paenula, ut infundibulum inversum, est attemperata,

Vitr. 10, 12.

Paenŭla, ae, m., a Roman surname, Liv. 25, 19, 9.

paenŭla ( pēn-), ae, f., a woollen outer garment covering the whole body, a kind of cloak or mantle, worn on journeys, and also in the city in rainy weather (cf.: laena, lacerna): paenulam in caput induce, ne te noscat, Pompon. ap. Non. 537, 8;

so Lucil. ib.: paenulā irretitus,

Cic. Mil. 20, 54:

incolumi Rhodos... facit quod Paenula solstitio,

Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 18; Plin. 8, 48, 73, § 190: non quaerenda est homini, qui habet virtutem, paenula in imbri, Varr. ap. Non. 537, 12: et multo stillaret paenula nimbo, Juv. 5, 79; cf.

Varr. ap. Non. l. l.: paenulis intra Urbem frigoris causā ut senes uterentur, permisit... matronas tamen intra Urbem paenulis uti vetuit,

Lampr. Alex. Sev. 27; Vulg. 2 Tim. 4, 13.—In later times also worn by orators, Tac. Or. 39.—Prov.: paenulam alicui scindere, i. e. to press one strongly to stay (opp.:

vix paenulam alicui attingere),

Cic. Att. 13, 33, 4.—

Transf., a covering, cover, envelope, protection, Varr. ap. Non. 448, 27:

libertas paenulast tergo tuo,

Plaut. Most. 4, 2, 75 Lorenz:

ne paenula desit olivis,

Mart. 13, 1, 1:

supra catinum paenula, ut infundibulum inversum, est attemperata,

Vitr. 10, 12.

Paenŭla, ae, m., a Roman surname, Liv. 25, 19, 9.

* * *

* * *

barbātus, a, um, adj. [barba].

Having a beard, bearded.

Of men:

dicere licebit Jovem semper barbatum, Apollinem semper imberbem,

Cic. N. D. 1, 30, 83; 1, 36, 100:

quos aut imberbes aut bene barbatos videtis,

id. Cat. 2, 10, 22.— Poet. as a designation of age, Plaut. Cas. 2, 8, 25: equitare in harundine longā, Si quem delectet barbatum, i. e. an adult, * Hor. S. 2, 3, 249:

sub Jove, sed Jove nondum barbato,

i. e. in the earliest time, when Jupiter was yet young, Juv. 6, 16; 13, 56.—Hence,

Meton.

For a Roman of the olden time (in which the beard was not shaved, v. barba):

aliquis mihi ab inferis excitandus est ex barbatis illis, non hac barbulā, sed illā horridā, quam in statuis antiquis et imaginibus videmus,

Cic. Cael. 14, 33:

unus aliquis ex barbatis illis, exemplum imperii veteris, imago antiquitatis, etc.,

id. Sest 8, 19:

haec jam tum apud illos barbatos ridicula, credo, videbantur,

id. Mur. 12, 26; id. Fin. 4, 23, 62: hic mos jam apud illos antiquos et barbatos fuit, id. Fragm. Or. II. pro Cornel. 18; Juv. 4, 103.—

A philosopher (since they wore long beards), Pers. 4, 1; Juv. 14, 12; cf. Hor. S. 1, 3, 133; and as subst. barbatus nudus, Mart. 14, 81.—

Of animals, fishes, etc., bearded:

hirculus,

Cat. 19, 16; also absol. barbatus, a goat, Phaedr. 4, 9, 10:

mulli,

Cic. Att. 2, 1, 7 (cf. id. Par. 5, 2, 28, and Plin. 9, 17, 30, § 64): aquila, a species of eagle, also called ossifraga, Plin. 10, 3, 3, § 11.—

Transf.

Of plants (cf. barba, II. A.), woolly, downy:

nux,

Plin. 19, 1, 2, § 14.—

Of other things:

ne toga barbatos faciat vel paenula libros,

i. e. wear out, make bearded, Mart. 14, 84.—

A cognomen of Lucius Corn. Scipio, Inscr.

gausăpĭnus, a, um, adj. [gausapa], made of frieze or felt.

Adj.:

paenula,

Mart. 14, 145 in lemm. —

Subst.: gau-săpĭna, ae, f. (sc. vestis), a frieze coat, Mart. 6, 59, 8; Petr. 21.

gemmātus, a, um, adj. [gemma; cf. gemmo].

(Acc. to gemma, I.) Provided with buds or eyes, Pall. 4, 10, 2.—

(Acc. to gemma, II.) Set or adorned with jewels:

gemmata monilia,

Ov. M. 10, 113:

gemmati magna specie anuli,

Liv. 1, 11, 8:

gemmata potoria,

Plin. 37, 2, 6, § 17:

paenula,

Suet. Calig. 52:

pocula,

Juv. 10, 27.

nimbus, i ( gen. plur. nimbūm, Pac. ap. Trag. Rel. 412 Rib.), m. [Sanscr. nabhas, cloud, vapor; Gr. nephos, nephelê; cf.: nubes, nebula], a violent or pouring rain, a rain-storm.

Lit.: terra abit in nimbos imbremque, Lucil. ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 24 Müll.:

nec nubila nimbis aspergunt,

Lucr. 3, 19:

terrere animos fulminibus, tempestatibus, nimbis, nivibus, grandinibus,

Cic. N. D. 2, 5, 14:

denso regem operuit nimbo,

Liv. 1, 16:

cum multo stillaret paenula nimbo,

Juv. 5, 79.—

Transf.

A black rain-cloud, a thunder-cloud: noctisque et nimbūm occaecat nigror, Pac. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 14, 24, and de Or. 3, 39, 157:

involvere diem nimbi,

Verg. A. 3, 198; so id. ib. 3, 587; Stat. Th. 1, 97.—

A cloud in general. So the bright cloud or cloudshaped splendor which enveloped the gods when they appeared on earth:

proprie nimbus est, qui deorum vel imperantium capita quasi clara nebula ambire fingitur,

Serv. Verg. A. 3, 585:

nimbo succincta,

Verg. A. 10, 634:

nimbo effulgens,

id. ib. 2, 616:

nube candentes umeros amictus Augur Apollo,

Hor. C. 1, 2, 31.—Hence, in eccl. Lat., of a saint's aureole, Isid. 19, 31, 2.—

A cloud of smoke, dust, etc.:

respiciunt atram in nimbo volitare favillam,

Verg. A. 5, 666:

fulvae nimbus harenae,

id. G. 3, 110:

pulveris,

Claud. in Rufin. 2, 176.—

A head-band, frontlet, worn by females to make the forehead appear small, acc. to Isid. Orig. 19, 31 (in Arn. 2, 72, the correct reading is not nimbis, but limbis; v. limbus).—

Like the Engl. cloud, of a multitude of things which spread out like a cloud:

nimbus peditum,

Verg. A. 7, 793:

pilorum,

Sil. 5, 215:

telorum,

Luc. 4, 776:

velut nimbum glandis et sagittas ingerebant,

Liv. 36, 18, 5:

lapidum saxorumque,

Flor. 3, 8, 4:

Corycius,

i. e. of saffron, Mart. 9, 39, 5:

et Cilices nimbis hic maduere suis,

id. Spect. 3, 8:

lucerna nimbis ebria Nicerotianis,

full of perfumed unguents, id. ib. 10, 38, 8: purpureus, a great quantity of flowers, Claud. Nupt. Honor. et Mar. 298.—

A vessel with many holes in it, used at public shows and at entertainments for sprinkling liquid perfumes:

nimbus vitreus,

Mart. 14, 112 in lemm. —

Trop., a storm, tempest, i. e. sudden misfortune:

hunc quidem nimbum cito transisse laetor,

Cic. Att. 15, 9, 2.

solstĭtĭum, ii, n. [sol-sisto].

In gen., the time when the sun seems to stand still, either in Cancer or in Capricorn, the (summer or winter) solstice (so in gen. not till after the Aug. period):

solstitium aestivum... hibernum,

Col. 7, 3, 11:

aestivum,

Plin. 2, 103, 106, § 229:

brumale,

Col. 11, 2, 94:

solstitia et aequinoctia,

id. 9, 14, 12.—

In partic., the summer solstice, the longest day of the year (opp. bruma, the prevalent signif. of the word):

alter motus solis est... a brumā ad solstitium. Solstitium quod sol eo die sistere videbatur,

Varr. L. L. 6, § 8 Müll.; Cato, R. R. 104; Varr. R. R. 1, 28, 2; 1, 1, 46; Cic. N. D. 2, 7, 19; 2, 19, 50; id. Div. 2, 44, 93; Plin. 8, 43, 68, § 167; 18, 28, 68, § 264 al.—

Transf., in gen., summer time, the heat of summer ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose; cf. bruma, 2.): paenula solstitio, campestre nivalibus auris Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 18; Verg. G. 1, 100; Ov. Tr. 5, 10, 7; Sen. Ben. 1, 12, 3:

solstitium pecori defendite,

Verg. E. 7, 47.

stillo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. n. and a [stilla].

Neutr., to drop, drip, trickle, distil (mostly poet.; syn. roro).

Lit.:

vas, unde stillet lente aqua,

Varr. R. R. 1, 41, 2:

gutta (dulcedinis) in cor,

Lucr. 4, 1060:

umorem, quasi igni cera super calido tabescens multa liquescat,

id. 6, 515:

cruor ferro,

Prop. 2, 8, 26 (2, 8 b, 26 (10)):

unguenta capillo,

Tib. 1, 7, 51:

de viridi ilice mella,

Ov. M. 1, 112:

ros,

id. ib. 11, 57:

hammoniaci lacrima stillat m harenis,

Plin. 12, 23, 49, § 107.—

Transf., of things which drop or drop with a liquid:

saxa guttis manantibu' stillent,

Lucr. 6, 943 ' paenula multo nimbo, Juv. 5, 79:

coma Syrio rore,

Tib. 3, 4, 28:

sanguine sidera,

Ov. Am. 1, 8, 11; cf.

' arbor sanguineis roribus,

Luc. 7, 837; Sen. Thyest 1061—Without abl.: umida saxa, super viridi stillantia musco, Lucr. 5, 951: ille, qui stillantem prae se pugionem tulit, * Cic. Phil. 2, 12, 30:

uva,

Mart. 10, 56, 5; Vulg. Job, 16, 21.—

Trop.:

stillantes voces,

words that ooze out drop by drop, Calp. Ecl. 6, 23; cf.:

orationem stillare,

Sen. Ep. 40, 3:

plumis stillare diem,

to be full, to abound in, Stat. Th. 3, 537.—

Act., to cause to drop, let fall in drops, to drop, distil: stillabit amicis Ex oculis rorem, * Hor. A. P. 429:

coctam caepam cum adipe anserino,

Plin. 20, 5, 20, § 40:

stillata De ramis electra,

dropped, distilled, Ov. M. 2, 364:

stillata cortice myrrha,

id. ib. 10, 501;

acre malum stillans ocellus,

Juv. 6, 109.—

Trop., to drop, instil:

cum facilem stillavit in aurem Exiguum de veneno,

Juv. 3, 123.

tŏga, ae, f. [tego], a covering, garment.

In gen. (ante-class. and rare): praeterea quod in lecto togas ante habebant; ante enim olim fuit commune vestimentum et diurnum et nocturnum et muliebre et virile, Varr. ap. Non. 541, 2:

incinctā togā,

Afran. ib. 540, 33; cf.

comic.: ne toga cordylis, ne paenula desit olivis,

Mart. 13, 1, 1. —

A roofing, roof:

(toga) dicitur et tectum,

Non. 406, 21. —

In partic., the outer garment of a Roman citizen in time of peace, long, broad, and flowing, and consisting of a single piece of stuff; the toga or gown.

Lit.:

sed quod pacis est insigne et otii toga,

Cic. Pis. 30, 73:

quem tenues decuere togae,

Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 32:

ima,

Quint. 11, 3, 139:

pexa,

Mart. 2, 44, 1:

rasa,

id. 2, 88, 4: toga praetexta, the toga of magistrates and free-born children, ornamented with purple; v. praetexo: toga pura, the unornamented toga of youth who had laid aside the praetexta:

Ciceroni meo togam puram cum dare Arpini vellem,

Cic. Att. 9, 6, 1; 5, 20, 9; 7, 8, 5;

called more freq. virilis,

id. Sest. 69, 144; id. Phil. 2, 18, 44; Liv. 26, 19, 5; Plin. Ep. 1, 9, 2; and:

toga libera,

Prop. 4 (5), 1, 132; Ov. F. 3, 771; cf.:

a patre ita eram deductus ad Scaevolam sumptā virili togā,

Cic. Lael. 1, 1:

toga picta,

worn by a victor in his triumph, Liv. 10, 7, 9; 30, 15, 11; Flor. 1, 5, 6:

purpurea,

worn by kings, Liv. 27, 4, 11; 31, 11, 12: candida, the toga worn by candidates for office, made of white fulled cloth; v. candidus: pulla, the dark-gray toga of mourners; v. pullus; cf. Becker, Gallus, 3, p. 107 sq.; 2, pp. 55 and 74 sq. (2d edit.).—

Transf.

As a designation for peace:

ex quo genere haec sunt, Liberum appellare pro vino, campum pro comitiis, togam pro pace, arma ac tela pro bello,

Cic. de Or. 3, 42, 167: cedant arma togae, id. poët. Off. 1, 22, 77; id. Pis. 30, 73:

vir omnibus belli ac togae dotibus eminens,

Vell. 1, 12, 3; Tert. Pall. 5.—Also of the Roman national character; hence, togae oblitus, forgetful of Rome, Hor. C. 3, 5, 10.—

As, in the times of the emperors, the toga went more and more out of use, and became almost exclusively the garment of clients, poet. for a client:

eheu quam fatuae sunt tibi Roma togae,

Mart. 10, 18, 4; 10, 47, 5; cf. Plin. Pan. 65; Flor. 4, 12, 32. —

As women of loose character were not allowed to wear the proper female garment (the stola), and assumed the toga, poet. for a prostitute: si tibi cura togae est [p. 1876] potior pressumque quasillo Scortum, Tib. 4, 10, 3.