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21 horizontal organization
Gen Mgt -
22 International Organization of Securities Commissions
Finan organization of securities commissions from around the world, based in Madrid. Its objectives are to promote high standards of regulation, exchange information, and establish standards for and effective surveillance of international securities transactions.Abbr. IOSCOThe ultimate business dictionary > International Organization of Securities Commissions
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23 line organization
Gen Mgtan organization structure based on line management -
24 market-focused organization
Mktgan organization whose strategies are determined by market requirements rather than organizational demandsThe ultimate business dictionary > market-focused organization
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25 nonprofit organization
Gen Mgt, HRan organization that does not have financial profit as a main strategic objective. Nonprofit organizations include charities, professional associations, labor unions, and religious, arts, community, research, and campaigning bodies. These organizations are not situated in either the public or private sectors, but in what has been called the third sector. Many have paid staff and working capital but, according to Peter Drucker, their fundamental purpose is not to provide a product or service, but to change people. They are led by values rather than financial commitments to shareholders. -
26 self-regulatory organization
Gen Mgtan organization that polices its members, for example, an exchangeThe ultimate business dictionary > self-regulatory organization
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27 triple I organization
Gen Mgta type of corporate culture identified by Charles Handy in which the focus is on three areas: Information, Intelligence, and Ideas. The triple I organization recognizes the value of information and learning. It minimizes the distinction between managers and workers, concentrating instead on people and the need to pursue learning, both personal, lifelong learning, and organizational learning, in order to keep up with the pace of change. -
28 Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization
The ultimate business dictionary > Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization
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29 Food and Agriculture Organization
The ultimate business dictionary > Food and Agriculture Organization
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30 independent service organization
The ultimate business dictionary > independent service organization
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31 corporate identity
Gen Mgtthe distinctive characteristics or personality of an organization, including corporate culture, values, and philosophy as perceived by those within the organization and presented to those outside. Corporate identity is expressed through the name, symbols, and logos used by the organization, and the design of communication materials, and is a factor influencing the corporate image of an organization. The creation of a strong corporate identity also involves consistency in the organization’s actions, behavior, products, and brands, and often reflects the mission statement of an organization. A positive corporate identity can promote a sense of purpose and belonging within the organization and encourage employee commitment and involvement. -
32 corporate culture
Gen Mgtthe combined beliefs, values, ethics, procedures, and atmosphere of an organization. The culture of an organization is often expressed as “the way we do things around here” and consists of largely unspoken values, norms, and behaviors that become the natural way of doing things. An organization’s culture may be more apparent to an external observer than an internal practitioner. The first person to attempt a definition of corporate culture was Edgar Schein, who said that it consisted of rules, procedures, and processes that governed how things were done, as well as the philosophy that guides the attitude of senior management toward staff and customers. The difficulty in identifying the traits of culture and changing them is borne out by the fact that culture is not merely climate, power, and politics, but all those things and more. There can be several subcultures within an organization, for example, defined by hierarchy—shop floor or executive—or by function—sales, design, or production. Changing or renewing corporate culture in order to achieve the organization’s strategy is considered one of the major tasks of organization leadership, as it is recognized that such a change is hard to achieve without the will of the leader. -
33 PR
abbr. Mktgpublic relations: the presentation of an organization and its activities to target audiences with the goal of gaining awareness and understanding, influencing public opinion, generating support, and developing trust and cooperation. Public relations programs work to create and maintain a positive corporate image and enhance an organization’s reputation. The work of a public relations department includes research into current perceptions of the organization, the production of publicity material, the organization of events and sponsorship programs, and the evaluation of responses to these activities. Target audiences include the media, government bodies, customers and suppliers, investors, the wider community, or an organization’s own employees. Public relations practice originated in the United States in the mid-19th century. Public relations forms part of an organization’s overall external communication strategy. -
34 bureaucracy
Gen Mgtan organization structure with a rigid hierarchy of personnel, regulated by set rules and procedures. Max Weber believed that a bureaucracy was technically the most efficient form of organization. He described a bureaucracy as an organization structured around official functions that are bound by rules, each function having its own specified competence. The functions are structured into offices, which are organized into a hierarchy that follows technical rules and norms. Managers in a bureaucracy possess a rational-legal type of authority derived from the office they hold. Bureaucracies have been criticized for eradicating inspiration and creativity in favor of impersonality and the mundaneness and regularity of corporate life. This was best described in William H. Whyte’s The Organization Man, published in 1956, in which the individual was taken over by the bureaucratic machine in the name of efficiency. A more recent and humorous interpretation of life in a bureaucracy has been depicted by Scott Adams in The Dilbert Principle (1996). The term bureaucracy has gradually become a pejorative synonym for excessive and time-consuming paperwork and administration. Bureaucracies fell subject to delayering and downsizing from the 1980s onward, as the flatter organization became the target structure to ensure swifter market response and organizational flexibility. -
35 change management
Gen Mgtthe coordination of a structured period of transition from situation A to situation B in order to achieve lasting change within an organization. Change management can be of varying scope, from continuous improvement, which involves small ongoing changes to existing processes, to radical and substantial change involving organizational strategy. Change management can be reactive or proactive. It can be instigated in reaction to something in an organization’s external environment, for example, in the realms of economics, politics, legislation, or competition, or in reaction to something within the processes, structures, people, and events of the organization’s internal environment. It may also be instigated as a proactive measure, for example, in anticipation of unfavorable economic conditions in the future. Change management usually follows five steps: recognition of a trigger indicating that change is needed; clarification of the end point, or “where we want to be”; planning how to achieve the change; accomplishment of the transition; and maintenance to ensure the change is lasting. Effective change management involves alterations on a personal level, for example, a shift in attitudes or work routines, and thus personnel management skills such as motivation are vital to successful change. Other important influences on the success of change management include leadership style, communication, and a unified positive attitude to the change among the workforce. Business process reengineering is one type of change management, involving the redesign of processes within an organization to raise performance. Change agents are those people within an organization who are leaders and champions of the change process. With the accelerating pace of change in the business environment in the 1990s and 2000s, change has become accepted as a fact of business life and is the subject of books on management. -
36 corporate brand
Gen Mgtthe coherent outward expression projected by an organization. A corporate brand is a product of an organization’s corporate strategy, mission, image, and activities. Corporate brands distinguish organizations from their competitors, orient the organization in the minds of customers and employees, and create a perception of what an organization stands for. There is much debate about the precise nature of corporate brands, and about their depth. Corporate branding has been seen as a superficial quick fix to restore a company’s tarnished image or revitalize an ailing company. It requires board level coordination, however, and rather than being arbitrarily imposed on an organization, it is actually a product of the sum of its activities. Changing a corporate brand, or rebranding a company, can only be accomplished by changing strategy and activity within the company. -
37 downshifting
Gen Mgtthe concept of giving up all or part of your work commitment and income in exchange for improved quality of life. The term was coined by Charles Handy. Downshifting has increased in popularity because of rising stress in the workplace caused partly by the downsizing trend of the late 20th century, and may be contrasted with the concept of the organization man. Downshifting is integral to the idea of portfolio working, in which individuals opt out of a formal employee relationship to sell their services at a pace and at a price to suit themselves.Most people consider downshifting because of family demands, or because they have been asked to do something by their organization that goes strongly against their values, pushing them to question why they are working so hard for that organization. Others downshift as they approach retirement, in order to smooth the transition. People who downshift need to be very sure that that is what they really want and know why they want it, as it can be hard to reverse the decision.Someone wanting to take the risk of downshifting should make a thorough assessment of his or her short-term and long-term financial situation by way of preparation. They will need to have a good bed of savings to rely on in the first year. It may be necessary to consider moving to a smaller, cheaper place. Deciding what to keep of the old life and what to let go is another important part of the preparation. Some downshifters will want to completely leave their old work life behind them, starting a new job in a slower-paced organization, or setting up on their own. Others will want to stay with their organization but perhaps move to a less demanding job. Once these things have been considered and decided upon, it is time for the downshifter to make an action plan with a schedule which includes regular reassessment periods. -
38 staffing level
HRthe number and type of personnel employed by an organization for the performance of a given workload. The ideal staffing level for an organization depends on the amount of work to be done and the skills required to do it. If the number and quality of staff employed are greater than necessary for the workload, an organization may be deemed to be overstaffed; if the number of staff is insufficient for the workload, an organization is deemed to be understaffed. Effective human resource planning will determine the appropriate staffing level for an organization at any given point in time. -
39 corporate climate
Gen Mgtthe environment created by the managerial style and attitudes that pervade an organization. Corporate climate is strongly linked to corporate culture in creating the general feeling and atmosphere of an organization. The climate within an organization can affect aspects such as productivity, creativity, and customer focus, and each organization needs to create a climate that will facilitate organizational success. -
40 environmental scanning
Gen Mgtthe monitoring of changes in the external environment in which an organization operates in order to identify threats and opportunities for the future and maintain competitive advantage. The process of environmental scanning includes gathering information on an organization’s task environment of competitors, markets, customers, and suppliers, carrying out a PEST analysis of social, economic, technological, and political factors that may affect the organization, and analyzing the implications of this research. Environmental scanning may be undertaken systematically by a dedicated department or unit within an organization or more informally by project groups and may be used in the planning and development of corporate strategy.
См. также в других словарях:
organization — or‧gan‧i‧za‧tion [ˌɔːgənaɪˈzeɪʆn ǁ ˌɔːrgənə ] also organisation noun 1. [countable] ORGANIZATIONS a company, business, group etc that has been formed for a particular purpose: • a not for profit organization • Federal officials making th … Financial and business terms
organization — or·ga·ni·za·tion n: a body (as a corporation or union) that has a membership acting or united for a common purpose or·ga·ni·za·tion·al adj Merriam Webster’s Dictionary of Law. Merriam Webster. 1996. organization … Law dictionary
Organization — Or gan*i*za tion, n. [Cf. F. organisation.] [1913 Webster] 1. The act of organizing; the act of arranging in a systematic way for use or action; as, the organization of an army, or of a deliberative body. The first organization of the general… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
organization — (n.) mid 15c., act of organizing, from M.Fr. organisation or directly from M.L. organizationem (nom. organizatio), noun of action from pp. stem of organizare, from L. organum instrument, organ (see ORGAN (Cf. organ)). Meaning system,… … Etymology dictionary
organization — [n1] arrangement, arranging alignment, assembling, assembly, chemistry, composition, configuration, conformation, constitution, construction, coordination, design, disposal, format, formation, forming, formulation, framework, grouping, harmony,… … New thesaurus
Organization — group of people and facilities with an arrangement of responsibilities, authorities, and relationships (for example, company, corporation, firm, enterprise, institution, charity, sole trader, association, or parts or combination thereof) (p.… … Словарь-справочник терминов нормативно-технической документации
organization — (Amer.) n. arrangement; state of being organized; organized body; association, union (also organisation)or·gan·i·za·tion || ‚ɔrgÉ™nÉ™ zeɪʃn /‚ɔËgÉ™naɪ … English contemporary dictionary
organization — (also organisation) ► NOUN 1) the action of organizing. 2) a systematic arrangement or approach. 3) an organized body of people with a particular purpose, e.g. a business. DERIVATIVES organizational adjective organizationally adverb … English terms dictionary
organization — [ôr΄gə ni zā′shən, ôr΄gənīzā′shən] n. [ME organizacion < ML organizatio] 1. an organizing or being organized 2. the manner of being organized; organic structure 3. Rare ORGANISM 4. any unified, consolidated group of elements; systematized… … English World dictionary
Organization — For other uses, see Organization (disambiguation). An organization (or organisation see spelling differences) is a social group which distributes tasks for a collective goal. The word itself is derived from the Greek word organon, itself derived… … Wikipedia
organization — organizational, adj. organizationally, adv. /awr geuh neuh zay sheuhn/, n. 1. the act or process of organizing. 2. the state or manner of being organized. 3. something that is organized. 4. organic structure; composition: The organization of this … Universalium
