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101 pita
(Sp. model spelled same [píta], of uncertain origin, probably from the Caribbean)1) Clark: 1760s. A fiber obtained from the agave or maguey plant or from another similar plant.2) A bag, box, rope, or net made from pita fiber. The DRAE glosses pita as a native Mexican perennial plant of the Amaryllidaceous family. Growing in a triangular pyramid, its light-green, fleshy, spiny leaves are about six to eight inches wide at the base and up to four-and-one-half feet long. It produces yellow flowers in bunches on a central stalk that does not develop until the plant is twenty or thirty years old. On reaching maturity, the stalk develops very quickly, growing to a height of twenty to twenty-three feet in a matter of days. The plant is very useful for making living fences in dry, hot regions. Although it originated in Mexico, it now grows naturally on the coasts of the Mediterranean. Its leaves produce a strong fiber and some varieties contain a sugary liquid that can be extracted to make pulque. The term pita is also used in Spanish to refer to the thread produced by the plant. Santamaría concurs with the definitions provided by the DRAE and adds that the most common genera to bear the name pita are Fourcraea and Agave. -
102 peyote
A spineless cactus with intoxicating properties ( Lophophora williamsii) that Indians use to make a hallucinatory drug. Santamaría references it as a generic name for various cacti, including Ariocarpus retusu, Anhalonium prismaticum, A. elongatum, Mamillaria ariolosa, M. elongata, M. furfuracea, and M. prismatica. However, he indicates that it refers properly to the Lophophora,a spineless species of biznaga that grows to a height of four to six inches, though as little as one-half inch may be visible above the soil, and for this reason it is sometimes called a root rather than a cactus. The plant contains a narcotic substance often studied for its physical and chemical properties. The Aztecs used it as a tonic, spreading it on their legs so that they could withstand long journeys. They also said that anyone who ingested the substance would see visions and be able to predict the future. Santamaría quotes Sahagún, who states that the hallucinatory effects of the peyote drug lasted for two or three days, during which time a person who had taken it had the courage to fight without fear, thirst, or hunger. He notes that it was commonly taken by Chichimeca Indians. See also mescal.
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