non+multum

multum, Compar. plūs, Superl. plūrimum, viel, ein großer Teil, I) subst.: A) im Nom. od. Acc., m. Genet., iam multum viae praeceperat rex, ein großes Stück (eine große Strecke) Weges, Curt.: a quibus cum audisset non multum superesse munitionis, nur noch ein kleiner Teil der Befestigungsarbeit, Nep.: multum diei processerat, Sall.: in multum vini processerat, war ziemlich angetrunken, Liv.: ab sole orto in multum diei (bis weit in den Tag) stetere in acie, Liv.: u. so ad multum diei in acie stare, Liv.: nebula erat ad multum diei densa adeo, ut etc., Liv. (vgl. Drak. Liv. 27, 2, 9): post multum vulnerum, nach vielen W., Tac.: multum habet iucunditatis, Plin.: ut multum (sc. est), höchstens, Mart.: in multum (bei weitem) velociores, Plin. 10, 108. – Compar., plus mihi deberet, Cic.: plus posse, Caes.: plus facere, Cic.: ne plus reddat, quam acceperit, Cic.: non plus quam etc., ebensowenig, Cic.: quod plus est, was mehr ist, mehr sagen will, Liv.: plus minusve, mehr od. weniger, m. folg. quam (als), Komik., Quint. u.a.: ne quid faciam plus, quod post me minus fecisse satius sit, zu viel... zu wenig, Ter.: ne quid plus minusve faxit, zu viel od. zu wenig, Ter.: quam molestum est uno digito plus habere, einen Finger mehr, Cic.: so auch uno plus Etruscorum cecĭdisse, ein Mann mehr, Liv.: m. Genet. part., plus pecuniae,

————

Cic.: hostium, Liv.: detrimenti, Cic.: non plus animi quam fidei erat, Liv.: ex his alius alio plus virium habet, Cic.: nec quemquam ex eo plus quam se doloris capere, Caes. – Superl., plurimum posse, Cic.: ut haberet quam plurimum, so viel als möglich, Cic.: ubi plurimum (possidebat), das meiste, Eutr.: qui plurimum minimumque tradunt, die Durchschnittszahl, Eutr.: ellipt., cum plurimum, ubi plurimum, ut plurimum, hochgerechnet, höchstens, Liv., Suet. u. Plin. – m. Genet. part., noctis plurimum, ein sehr großer Teil der N., Amm.: plurimum mali, Sen.: gravitatis, Cic.: studii, Nep.: virtutum, Quint.: ut laboris sic utilitatis etiam longe plurimum, Quint.: plurimum quantum favoris, recht sehr viel an G., Flor.

B) im Genet. zur Bezeichnung des Wertes und Preises, hoch, multi facere, hoch schätzen, Plaut. – Compar., pluris, höher, teurer, ager multo pluris est, gilt viel mehr, Cic.: conscientia mihi pluris est, Cic.: pluris putare, facere, habere, aestimare, höher schätzen, achten, Cic.: vendere, emere, teurer, Cic.: aedificare, Colum. – Superl., plurimi, sehr hoch, sehr teuer, facere, Nep.: pendĕre, Plaut.: esse, Cic. – Selten steht st. des Genet. der Abl., plure altero tanto quanto eius fundus est velim, Plaut. fr. b. Charis. 211, 28: plure vendunt, Lucil. 1253 (b. Charis. 211, 30): plure venit, Cic. fr. b. Charis. 211, 29: quam plurimo vendere, möglichst teuer, Cic. de off. 3, 50.

————

II) adv.: A) multo, um vieles, viel, a) einfach, neben Komparativen u. Wörtern aller Art, die den Begriff einer Steigerung enthalten, zur Bezeichnung des Maßes, mit dem der Unterschied gemessen wird, multo plura, Nep.: m. pauciores, Cic.: m. minus, Cic.: m. magis, Cic.: m. ceteros gloriā antecesserunt, Nep.: so bei antevenire, Ter.: bei anteponere, Cic.: bei praestat, es ist besser, Sall.: bei malle, Cic.: bei Partikeln, die den Begriff einer Verschiedenheit enthalten, multo secus, viel anders, Cic.: m. aliter, Nep.: bei infra, Plin.: beim Komparativ u. Superlativ = bei weitem, maior multo res, Liv.: m. difficillimus, m. difficillime, Cornif. rhet.: purissimus multo, Varro fr.: m. maximus, Komik. u. Cic.: m. maxime, Ter. u. Augustin.: m. antiquissimus, Cic.: multo formosissimus, Nep.: m. maximā parte, Cic.: bei post u. ante, non multo post, nicht lange nachher, Cic.: multo ante, Nep., od. ante multo, Cic., lange vorher. – b) doppelt, multo multoque, um gar vieles, gar viel, beim Komparativ usw., multo multoque longior, Fronto ad M. Caes. 2, 2 (5). p. 28, 1 N.: multo multoque operosius est, Val. Max. 4, 1, 2: multo multoque magis, Fronto laud. negl. p. 214, 15 N. – c) multo tanto, um so viel mehr, ne ille hercle mihi sit multo tanto carior, si etc., Plaut. Bacch. 310: u. so Plaut. Men. 800; rud. 521; Stich. 339. Gell. 12, 2, 14. Apul. met. 7, 15 u.a. (s. Hildebr. Apul. met. 6, 1. p. 396, b): multo tanto

————

propius, Varro LL. 7, 3.

B) multum, 1) vom Grade, sehr, weit, vielmals, a) neben Verben, salve m., sei vielmals, sei herzlich gegrüßt, Plaut.: vale m., leb recht wohl, Plaut.: non m. confidere, nicht sehr, nicht sonderlich, Caes.: m. desiderare, Nep.: non ita m. uti sorore, nicht so sehr, Cic.: longe multumque superare, Cic.: ebenso auch poet. Acc. Plur. multa adverb. neben Verben, multa reluctari, Verg.: multa gemens, Verg. – b) neben Adjektiven, m. dispar, Cic.: vir m. bonus, Cic.: m. familiaris, Fronto: m. loquaces, Plaut.: m. inepti labores, Plin. ep. – c) neben Komparativen = multo, zB. non multum est maius, Cic.: m. improbiores, Plaut.: m. robustior, Iuven.: selten bei Superlativen, m. carissimus ac desiderantissimus filius, Augustin. epist. 139 lemm. – 2) v. der Zeit, Vielmals, oft, viel, multum mecum sunt, Cic.: multum mecum loquuntur, Cic.: multum et saepe quaesita, Cic.: multum et diu cogitans, Cic.: diu multumque scriptitare, Cic.

C) plus, 1) v. der Menge, mehr, a) m. folg. quam, wie: non pl. quam semel, Cic.: plus quam satis (erat), Ter.: non pl. quam in tres partes posse distribui, in nicht mehr als, Cic.: nulla (navis) pl. quam triginta remis agatur, mit mehr als, Liv.: plus quam decem dies abesse, weiter als, Cic. – b) ohne quam, zB. pl. semel, Varro fr.: plus satis, Ter.: pl. millies audivi, Ter.: pl. mille capti, Liv.: plus quingentos colaphos

————

infregit, Ter.: plus pars dimidia caesa est, Liv.: plus parte tertiā interfectā, Caes.: plus dimidiati mensis cibaria ferebant, Cic.: ut plus biennium in his tricis moremur, Cic.: cum pl. annum aeger fuisset, Liv.: plus aut minus, plus minus, plus minusve, plusve minusve, mehr oder weniger, ungefähr, auf und ab, septingenti sunt paulo plus aut minus anni, Enn.: abesse plus minus octo milibus, Hirt. b. G.: ne quid plus minusve faxit, quod nos pigeat, Ter.: ne plus minusve loqueretur ex tempore, Suet.: venerunt plusve minusve duae, Mart. – c) m. Abl., zB. ut pl. unā vera sit, Cic.: nec esse pl. uno, mehr als einer, Cic.: annos sexaginta natus est aut pl. eo, oder mehr als soviel, oder darüber, Ter. – 2) v. Grade, mehr, confiteor eos plus quam sicarios, plus quam homicidas, plus etiam quam parricidas esse, Cic.: plus cruciari, Balb. in Cic. ep.: multo plus, Anton. in Cic. ep.: paulo plus, Liv.: plus aequo, mehr als billig, Cic.: plus iusto, Liv.: plus nimio, allzusehr, Hor.: plus plusque, immer mehr u. mehr, quem plus plusque in dies diligo, Cic.: dah. auch neben Adii. = magis, plus formosus, Calp. ecl. 11, 72: u. plus quam beim Komparativ, vilior fiam plus quam factus sum, Vulg. 2. regg. 6, 22: plus erat quam palea levior, Commodian. apol. 5: u. ohne quam, oculi domini multo plus lucidiores sunt super solem, Vulg. Sirach 23, 28: u. plus quam beim Superlativ, plus quam benignissimus, Corp.

————

inscr. Lat. 9, 1876. – so auch plura zuw. adverb., ne te in promissis plura moremur, weiter, länger, Lucr. 5, 91.

D) plurimum, 1) v. Grade, am meisten, pl. intererat, Cic.: ut te pl. diligam, Cic.: plurimum quantum favoris, Flor. 4, 2, 74: pl. quantum nocere, recht sehr, überaus, Min. Fel. 23, 1; vgl. ibid.40, 1. – 2) von der Menge, a) recht viel, ut plurimum tussiat, Petron. 117, 9. – b) höchstens, pl. drachma, modice quattuor obolis, Plin.: diebus plurimum novem, Plin. – 3) v. Umfange der Zeit, größtenteils, meistenteils, domum ire pergam; ibi plurimum est, Ter. Phorm. 194: pl. Cypri vixit, Nep. Chabr. 3, 4.

⇒ Im Vulgärlat. gesteigerter Kompar. plurior, Fulg. myth. 1. praef. p. 16 M. Itala Ioann. 7, 31. Hilar. in ep. ad Philem. 3 (Pitra spicil. 1, 150 ). Gloss. II, 409, 12 (pluriora). – Archaist. Superl. ploirimus, Corp. inscr. Lat. 1, 32, wo ploirume = plurime: plisimus od. plusimus, Fest. 205 (a), 17. Varro LL. 7, 27. Vgl. Georges Lexik. der lat. Wortf. S. 437.

[b]multum, Subst. u. Adv., s. nach multus.

* * *

* * *

    Multum, Aduerb. Plautus. Beaucoup, Moult, Gramment, ou Grandement.

\

    Non ita multum. Cic. Il n'y a pas fort long temps.

\

    Nebula erat ad multum dici. Liu. Jusques à ce qu'il fut grand jour. Bud.

\

    Amare multum. Plaut. Fort, ou Moult aimer.

\

    Non multum differens ab Indico. Plin. Peu different, Non gueres different.

\

    Fleuit multum. Plin. iunior. Il a moult pleuré.

\

    Non multum est, vnum si praesto togatum. Mart. Ce n'est pas grand faict. \ Salue multum. Plaut. Tu sois le tresbien venu.

\

    Tacuit multum. Plin. iunior. Il s'est teu long temps.

\

    Multum me in silentio tenui. Plin. iunior. Long temps.

\

    Multum valete, multa verba fecimus. Plaut. Dieu vous doint bonne et longue vie.

\

    Viuam tecum multum. Cic. Je seray souvent avec toy.

\

    Cum Diodoro Stoico multum a puero fuit. Cic. Il fut ordinairement avec luy dés son enfance, Il l'a souvent hanté.

\

    Quod P. Sulpitio vtebare multum. Cic. Tu estois fort familier de Sulpice, ou Tu hantois fort avec luy.

ср. Multa, non multum Плиний Младший, "Письма", VII, 9:(1) Quaeris, quemadmodum in secessu, quo jam diu frueris, putem te studere oportere - - (15) Tu memineris sui cujusque generis auctores diligenter eligere. Ajunt enim multum legendum esse, non multa. "Ты спрашиваешь, как я посоветую тебе заниматься в твоем продолжительном уединении - - Не забывай тщательно выбирать авторов в каждом жанре. Ведь надо, как говорится, читать много, а не многое".

* * *

1) много, очень, весьма, сильно (amare, superare aliquem C)

2) часто, многократно (m. et diu cogitare C)

3) долго (laborare C; multa cunctare V)

4) тщательно или всесторонне (exploranda est veritas m. Ph)

5) самое большее

1) большое количество, множество, много (militum L; temporis C)

2) большая часть ( viae L)

* * *

* * *

    Indicatiuo. Cic. Illi non dubitant quin ea vera sint quae defendunt. Ils ne doubtent point.

\

    Optatiuo. Plautus, Non negem, si nouerim. Je ne vouldroye pas nier si, etc.

\

    Non, non sic futurum est: non potest. Terent. Il n'en ira pas, il n'en ira pas ainsi.

\

    Non, Interrogatio negatiua, cui subintelligitur affirmatio. Terent. Non, si redisset pater, ei veniam daret? Si son pere estoit retourné, ne luy pardonneroit il pas? Comme s'il disoit, Ouy.

\

    Non loquor? non vigilo? Plautus. Ne parle je pas? ne veille je pas? Ouy.

\

    Non, per admirationem dictum. Plautus, Non me nouisti! M. non negem, si nouerim. Tu ne me congnois pas, dis tu?

\

    Non, respondentis negatio. Terent. Suamne esse aiebat? CR. non. CH. cuiam igitur? Non, ou Nenni.

\

    Per omnes tibi adiuro deos, nunquam eam me deserturum: Non, si capiundos mihi sciam esse inimicos omneis homines. Terent. Non, quand ores, etc.

\

    Non admodum delectari re aliqua. Cic. Ne prendre pas grand plaisir à quelque chose.

\

    Salamandrae tantus rigor, vt ignem tactum extinguat, non alio modo quam glacies. Plin. Tout ainsi que, etc. Ne plus ne moins que, etc.

\

    Non ante lunam nouam. Cic. Non point devant la nouvelle lune.

\

    Non ausim. Terent. Je n'oseroye.

\

    Dorio audi obsecro. D. non audio. P. parumper. Terent. Je n'en feray rien.

\

    Non clam me est. Terent. Je le scay bien.

\

    Non continuo, si me in gregem sicariorum contuli, sum sicarius. Cic. Non pourtant.

\

    Haec cura, clanculum vt sint dicta. M. non dictum est. Plaut. Autant que si tu ne m'en avois rien dict.

\

    Quid enim interest, motu animi sublato, non dico inter pecudem et hominem, sed inter hominem et saxum, aut truncum, etc. Cic. Je ne di pas, etc.

\

    Non dubie. Plin. iunior. Sans doubte, Certainement.

\

    Non dubia spes. Cic. Une certaine esperance.

\

    Iube illa redire. PA. non est consilium pater. Terent. Je n'en suis point d'advis.

\

    Non hoc de nihilo est, quod Laches nunc me conuentam esse expetit. Terent. Ce n'est pas pour rien, ou sans cause que, etc.

\

    Non est quod metuas preces iniquas. Martialis. Il ne fault point que tu craignes, etc. Il n'y a aucune occasion, ou cause, ou raison, pourquoy tu doibve craindre, etc.

\

    Periculum tantum, non etiam offensa vitatur. Quintil. On evite seulement le dangier, mais non pas le mescontentement.

\

    An sit immensus, non facile dixerim. Plin. Il ne m'est pas aisé de dire.

\

    Domum suam istum non fere quisquam vocabat. Cic. Il n'y avoit pas beaucoup de gents qui invitassent cestuy ci à aller en leur maison.

\

    Non fere quam. Cic. Ex bellica victoria, non fere quam est inuidia ciuium consecuta. Il ne s'en est ensuyvi presque autre chose que haine.

\

    Quum decem tu dari stipulatus sis, non ideo posse te decem dari oportere intendere, quia, etc. Iurisc. Il ne s'ensuit pas pourtant que, etc.

\

    Non ita longa disputatione. Cic. Non pas fort longue.

\

    Non ita multis ante annis. Cic. Gueres d'annees au paravant.

\

    Non ita multo post, per, etc. Liu. Bien tost apres.

\

    Non iniuria. Terent. Non sans cause, Non à tort.

\

    Quod ego non magis somniabam. Plaut. Non plus.

\

    Non malum hercle. Terent. Il n'est pas des pires.

\

    Vt vales? S. ego? non male. Plaut. Pas trop mal.

\

    Non metuo nequid doleat quod ferias. Plaut. Je n'ay pas paour que le coup que tu me bailleras, me face mal.

\

    Non est minus ciuile, et principem esse pariter et Consulem, quam tantum Consulem. Plin. iunior. Il n'est point moins, etc.

\

    Non minus tribus puberibus praesentibus diceret. Liu. Qu'il n'y eust point moins de trois, etc.

\

    Non minime commoueri. Cic. S'esmouvoir fort.

\

    Non minimum corrumpunt vites. Varro. Corrompent et gastent fort les vignes.

\

    Quorum opera non vetustatis modo gratia visenda sunt. Quintil. Non point tant seulement à cause de l'antiquité.

\

    Non modo aperte monere, sed etiam acriter. Cic. Non seulement franchement, mais aussi, etc.

\

    Summa seueritas animaduersionis non modo non inuidiosa, sed etiam popularis fuit. Cic. Non seulement n'a pas esté trouvee mauvaise, ains au contraire, etc.

\

    Imperatorum non modo res gestas non antepono meis, sed ne fortunam quidem ipsam. Cic. Tout ainsi qu'il me semble que leurs faicts ne sont pas plus grands que les miens, tout ainsi fait il de la fortune, Non seulement il me semble que mes faicts sont aussi grands que les leurs, mais aussi ma fortune.

\

    Non modo, pro non solum non. Cic. Quod clientes nemo habere velit, non modo esse illorum cliens. Tant s'en fault qu'on voulsist estre de leur clientele et protection.

\

    Non modo, pro nedum. Cic. Nihil habui sane, non modo multum, quod putarem nouandum in legibus. Je n'avoye rien, tant s'en fault que j'en eusse beaucoup, etc.

\

    Quum res inter rusticos geratur literarum expertes, non modo siderum. Plin. Non seulement des estoilles.

\

    Non multo post haec aderit. Plaut. Il viendra bien tost apres.

\

    Non nemo. Cic. Aucuns.

\

    Non nequicquam isti, etc. Liu. Ce n'est pas sans cause que, etc.

\

    - non nimis potest Pudicitiam quisquam seruare suae filiae. Plaut. Une personne ne peult trop, etc.

\

    Non viuam vesperi, nisi illanc a me scelestam abigam. Plaut. Je puisse mourir avant qu'il soit vespre si, etc.

\

    Non nollem. Cic. Je vouldroye bien.

\

    Non parua exercitatio. Cic. Grand exercice.

\

    Non paulum nescio quid in rem suam conuertit. Cicero. Beaucoup.

\

    Non possum satis narrare quos ludos praebueris intus. Terent. Je ne me puis saouler de raconter, etc.

\

    Vt non procul abhorret ab insania. Cic. Il ne s'en fault gueres qu'il, etc.

\

    Non pridem. Plin. Il n'y a pas long temps.

\

    Non quo haberem magnopere quid scriberem, sed vt, etc. Cic. Non point pourtant que j'eusse, etc.

\

    Non satis constat. Plin. On ne scait pas bien au vray.

\

    Etsi non sum nescius, et quae temporum ratio, et quae tua potestas sit. Cic. Ja soit ce que je scache bien.

\

    Non secus hanc causam defendissem, acsi legae Habitus teneretur. Cic. Non autrement, D'aussi grand courage.

\

    Non solum, secundo loco positum. Cic. Plura ne dicam, tuae me etiam lachrymae impediunt, vestraeque Iudices, non solum meae. Et non point les miennes seulement.

\

    Quinti Hortensii filiae oratio apud Triumuiros habita legitur, non tantum in sexus honorem. Quintil. Non seulement pource que ce fut une femme qui la feit, mais aussi pource qu'elle est bien faicte.

\

    Non accipere tantum a maioribus voluerunt, sed etiam posteris prodesse. Cic. Non point seulement.

\

    Non temere est, et properans venit. Terent. Ce n'est point sans cause.

\

    Non temere, pro Vix vnquam, siue Fere nunquam. Suet. Veste non temere alia quam domestica vsus est. A grand peine usoit il jamais d'autre robbe, que, etc.

\

    Non vltra quam compedibus coercuit. Sueton. Seulement il le mist aux ceps, Il luy serra les pieds de ceps.

\

    Saepe satis est quod factum sit, dicere, non vt enarres quemadmodum sit factum. Cic. Sans que tu racontes comment il a esté faict.

• Not many, but much. (Meaning, not quantity but quality) (Plinius)

   no muchas cosas, sino mucho; es mejor aprender poco y bien que mucho y mal

   ◘ Dícese al hablar de resultados que valen no por su número, sino por su importancia y calidad.

multus (old form moltus), a, um; comp. plus; sup. plurimus (v. at the end of this art.), adj. [etym. dub.], much, great, many, of things corporeal and incorporeal.

In gen.: multi mortales, Cato ap. Gell. 10, 3, 17: multi suam rem [p. 1173] bene gessere: multi qui, etc., Enn. ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 6, 1 (Trag. v. 295 sq. Vahl.):

multi fortissimi viri,

Cic. Fam. 5, 17, 3:

rationes,

id. de Or. 1, 51, 222. tam multis verbis scribere, at such length, id. Fam. 3, 8, 1:

beneficia. Cato ap. Fest. s. v. ratissima, p. 286 Mull.: multi alii,

Ter. And. 5, 4, 28.—When used with another adjective it is usually connected with it by a conjunction:

multae et magnae contentiones,

many great conlests, Cic. Phil. 2, 3, 7; 3, 10, 26:

O multas et graves offensiones,

id. Att. 11, 7, 3:

multi et graves dolores,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 45, § 119:

multi et varii timores,

Liv. 3, 16, 3:

multae bonaeque artes animi,

Sall. J. 28, 5:

multa et clara facinora,

Tac. A. 12, 31.—But when the second adjective is used substantively the conjunction is omitted:

multi improbi,

Cic. Off. 2, 8, 28; 2, 19, 65:

multi boni, docti, prudentes,

id. Fl. 4, 8:

multi nobiles,

id. Planc. 20, 50:

multa acerba habuit ille annus,

id. Sest. 27, 58; 66, 139:

multa infanda,

Liv. 28, 12, 5:

multa falsa,

id. 35, 23, 2.—Also, when the second adjective forms with its substantive a single conception:

multa secunda proelia,

victories, Liv. 9, 42, 5; 35, 1, 3; 41, 17, 1:

multa libera capita,

freemen, id. 42, 41, 11:

multae liberae civitates,

republics, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 30, § 68:

multos fortes viros,

id. Cat. 3, 2, 7; id. Mur. 8, 17:

multi clari viri,

noblemen, id. Leg. 1, 5, 17:

multi primarii viri,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 61, § 149.—Similarly, et is omitted between multi and adjectives which form with their substantives familiar phrases:

multi clarissimi viri,

Cic. Phil. 11, 10, 24:

multi amplissimi viri,

id. Fin. 2, 17, 55; id. Deiot. 14, 39; id. Fam. 10, 25, 2; id. Att. 10, 8, 7; 16, 16, 11; id. Verr. 1, 7, 19:

multi honestissimi homines,

id. Fam. 15, 15, 3:

multi peritissimi homines,

id. Caecin. 24, 69:

multi summi homines,

id. Arch. 12, 30; id. Har. Resp. 26, 56:

multi clarissimi et sapientissimi viri,

id. Planc. 4, 11; id. Cael. 18, 43.—Et is also omitted when the substantive stands between the two adjectives:

in veteribus patronis multis,

Cic. Div. in Caecil. 1, 2:

multa praeterea bella gravia,

id. Agr. 2, 33, 90:

multis suppliciis justis,

id. Cat. 1, 8, 20:

multa majores nostri magna et gravia bella gesserunt,

id. Imp. Pomp. 2, 6:

plurima signa pulcherrima,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 23, § 61.—When both adjectives follow the substantive, et is sometimes inserted:

virtutes animi multae et magnae,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 22, 64:

causas ille multas et graves habuit,

id. Clu. 30, 82;

and is sometimes omitted, the emphasis then falling on the second adjective: utebatur hominibus improbis, multis,

id. Cael. 5, 12:

prodigia multa, foeda,

Liv. 40, 29, 1.—With a partitive gen.:

multi hominum,

Plin. 16, 25, 40, § 96:

multae silvestrium arborum,

id. 16, 31, 56, § 128.—In neutr. plur.: multa, orum, many things, much:

nimium multa,

Cic. Fam. 4, 14, 3:

nimis multa,

id. Fin. 2, 18, 57:

insulae non ita multae,

not so many, not so very many, Plin. 5, 7, 7, § 41:

parum multa scire,

too few, Auct. Her. 1, 1, 1: bene multi, a good many, Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 4:

quam minime multa vestigia servitutis,

as few as possible, Nep. Tim. 3, 3:

minime multi remiges,

exceedingly few, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 34, § 88:

in multas pecunias alienissimorum hominum invasit,

id. Phil. 2, 16, 41; id. Verr. 2, 5, 19, § 48:

multae pecuniae variis ex causis a privatis detinentur,

Plin. Ep. 10, 17, 3.—Sometimes multi stands for multi alii, many others:

nam certe Pompeio, et a Curionibus patre et filio, et a multis exprobratum est,

Suet. Caes. 50.—The sing. also is used poet. for the plur., many a:

aut trudit acres hinc et hinc multa cane Apros in obstantes plagas,

with many dogs, Hor. Epod. 2, 31:

multa prece prosequi,

id. C. 4, 5, 33:

multa victima,

Verg. E. 1, 34: agna. Ov. F. 4, 772:

avis,

id. Am. 3, 5, 4:

tabella,

Tib. 1, 3, 28; so of persons: multus sua vulnera puppi Affixit moriens, many a one, for multi affixerunt, Luc. 3, 707.—In sing., to denote quantity, much, great, abundant: multum aurum et argentum. Plaut. Rud. 5, 2, 8; 22:

exstructa mensa multa carne rancida,

Cic. Pis. 27, 67:

multo labore quaerere aliquid,

with much labor, great exertion, Cic. Sull. 26, 73:

cura,

Sall. J. 7, 4:

sol,

much sun, Plin. 31, 7, 39, § 81: sermo, much conversalion, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 20, 1: stilus tuus multi sudoris est. Cic. de Or. 1, 60, 257: multo cibo et potione completi, id. Tusc. 5, 35, 100:

multo sanguine ea Poenis victoria stetit,

Liv. 23, 30, 2:

multum sanguinem haurire,

Curt. 4, 14, 17; 8, 14, 32:

multam harenam mare evomit,

id. 4, 6, 8:

arbor,

id. 7, 4, 26:

silva,

id. 8, 10, 14:

multae vestis injectu opprimi,

Tac. A. 6, 50:

multa et lauta supellex,

Cic. Phil. 2, 27, 66:

aurum,

Sall. J. 13, 6; Tac. A. 6, 33; Liv. 26, 11, 9; Curt. 3, 3, 12:

libertas,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 5:

multam salutem dicere alicui,

to greet heartily, Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 194:

cum auro et argento multo,

Sall. J. 13, 6.—Of time:

Itaque multum diei processerat,

a great part of the day, Sall. J. 51, 2:

ad multum diem,

till far in the day, Cic. Att. 13, 9, 1:

multo adhuc die,

when much of the day was still remaining, when it was still high day, Tac. H. 2, 44:

multo denique die,

when the day was far spent, Caes. B. G. 1, 22:

multa nocte,

late at night, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 9, 2:

multo mane,

very early, id. Att. 5, 4, 1:

multa opinio, for multorum,

the general opinion, Gell. 3, 16, 1:

velut multa pace,

as in a general peace, as if there were peace everywhere, Tac. H. 4, 35:

multus homo,

one who gives himself up to the lusts of many, Cat. 112, 1.— multi, orum, m., the many, the common mass, the multitude: probis probatus potius, quam multis forem, Att. ap. Non. 519, 9:

video ego te, mulier, more multarum utier,

id. ib. —Esp.: unus e (or de) multis, one of the multitude, a man of no distinction:

tenuis L. Virginius unusque e multis,

Cic. Fin. 2, 20, 62:

unus de multis esse,

id. Off. 1, 30, 109: M. Calidius non fuit orator unus e multis;

potius inter multos prope singularis fuit,

id. Brut. 79, 274:

numerarer in multis,

among the herd of orators, id. ib. 97, 333:

e multis una sit tibi,

no better than others, Ov. R. Am. 682:

multum est,

it is of importance, Verg. G. 2, 272.—In neutr. absol.: ne multa, or ne multis, not to be prolix, in short:

ne multa: perquiritur a coactoribus,

Cic. Clu. 64, 181:

ne multis: Diogenes emitur,

id. ib. 16, 47:

quid multis moror?

Ter. And. 1, 1, 87.—Sometimes multa is used (particularly by the poets) adverbially, much, greatly, very:

multa reluctari,

Verg. G. 4, 301:

gemens,

id. ib. 3, 226; id. A. 5, 869:

deos testatus,

id. ib. 7, 593:

invehi,

Nep. Ep. 6, 1 (cf. nonnulla invehi, id. Tim. 5, 3):

haud multa moratus,

Verg. A. 3, 610.—Rarely in multum:

in multum velociores,

by far, Plin. 10, 36, 52, § 108.—

In partic.

Too much, overmuch, excessive:

supellex modica, non multa,

Nep. Att. 13, 5.—

In speech, much-speaking, diffuse, prolix:

qui in aliquo genere aut inconcinnus aut multus est,

Cic. de Or. 2, 4, 17:

ne in re nota et pervulgata multus et insolens sim,

id. ib. 2, 87, 358:

nolo in stellarum ratione multus vobis videri,

id. N. D. 2, 46, 119.—

Frequent, frequently present:

in operibus, in agmine, atque ad vigilias multus adesse,

Sall. J. 96, 3:

multus in eo proelio Caesar fuit,

was in many places, Flor. 4, 2, 50:

hen hercle hominem multum et odiosum mihi!

troublesome, tedious, Plaut. Men. 2, 2, 41:

instare,

Sall. J. 84, 1.—Hence, adv., in two forms.

multum, much, very much, greatly, very, often, frequently, far, etc. (class.):

salve multum, gnate mi,

Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 56:

multum vale,

farewell, id. Stich. 3, 2, 40:

hominem ineptum multum et odiosum mihi,

id. Men. 2, 2, 42:

opinor, Cassium uti non ita multum sorore,

not very much, Cic. Fam. 7, 23, 3:

multum mecum municipales homines loquuntur,

often, id. Att. 8, 13, 2:

non multum ille quidem nec saepe dicebat,

id. Brut. 34, 128:

non multum confidere,

not very much, not particularly, Caes. B. G. 3, 25:

sunt in venationibus,

often, frequently, id. ib. 4, 1:

in eodem genere causarum multum erat T. Juventius,

Cic. Brut. 48, 178:

multum fuisse cum aliquo,

to have had much intercourse with, id. Rep. 1, 10, 16:

sum multum equidem cum Phaedro in Epicuri hortis,

id. Fin. 5, 1, 3:

gratia valere,

to be in great favor, Nep. Con. 2, 1:

res multum et saepe quaesita,

Cic. Leg. 3, 15, 33:

longe omnes multumque superabit,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 44, § 115:

multum et diu cogitans,

id. Div. 2, 1, 1:

diu multumque scriptitare,

id. de Or. 1, 33, 152.—With an adj.:

multum loquaces,

very talkative, Plaut. Aul. 2, 1, 5:

mepti labores,

very, Plin. Ep. 1, 9.— Poet. also with comp.:

multum improbiores sunt quam a primo credidi,

much, far, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 139:

multum robustior illo,

Juv. 19, 197:

majora,

Sil. 13, 708.— So with infra, post:

haud multum infra viam,

Liv. 5, 37, 7; Plin. 98, 7, § 20:

haud multum post mortem ejus,

Tac. A. 5, 3:

ut multum,

at most, Mart. 10, 11, 6; Vop. Aur. 46.—

multō by much, much, a great deal, far, by far (class.).

With comparatives and verbs which imply comparison:

multo tanto carior,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 76:

pauciores oratores,

Cic. de Or. 1, 3, 11:

facilius atque expeditius iter,

Caes. B. G. 1, 6.—With verbs:

virtutem omnibus rebus multo anteponentes,

Cic. Fin. 4, 18, 49:

multo ceteros anteibant,

Tac. H. 4, 13:

multo praestat beneficii, quam maleficii immemorem esse,

Sall. J. 31, 28.—With malle:

multo mavolo,

Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 88; id. Ps. 2, 4, 38:

meo judicio multo stare malo, quam, etc.,

Cic. Att. 12, 21, 1.—

With sup. (rare but class.), by far, by much:

quae tibi mulier videtur multo sapientissuma,

Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 66; id. Am. 2, 2, 150: multo optimus hostis, by far, Lucil. ap. Non. 4, 413:

simulacrum multo antiquissimum,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 49, § 109; 2, 4, 23, § 50; id. Cat. 4, 8, 17:

maxima pars,

id. Imp. Pomp. 18, 54; cf. Hor. S. 2, 3, 82:

multo id bellum maximum fuit,

Liv. 1, 11, 5:

pars multo maxima,

id. 30, 18, 14: multo molestissima, Cic. Div. in. Caecil. 11, 36:

multo gratissima lux,

Hor. S. 1, 5, 39:

foedissimum,

Quint. 9, 4, 72:

optimum,

id. ib. 26:

pulcherrimum,

id. 1, 2, 24:

utilissima,

id. 2, 10, 1:

maxime,

Auct. Her. 4, 44, 58:

multo maxime miserabile,

Sall. C. 36, 4:

multo maxime ingenio validus,

id. J. 6, 1.—

With particles denoting a difference, far, greatly, very:

multo aliter,

Ter. And. prol. 4:

multo aliter ac sperabat,

far otherwise than, Nep. Ham. 2:

quod non multo secus fieret, si,

not far otherwise, not very different, Cic. Fam. 4, 9, 1: multo infra Cyrenaicum. Plin. 19, 3, 15, § 40. —

In specifications of time, before ante and post, long, much:

non multo ante urbem captam,

Cic. Div. 1, 45, 101:

non multo ante,

not long before, Nep. Eum. 3, 3:

multo ante,

Cic. Fam. 4, 1, 1:

non multo post, quam, etc.,

not long after, id. Att. 12, 49, 9:

haud multo ante solis occasum,

Liv. 5, 39, 2:

multo ante noctem,

id. 27, 42, 13.—

Very rarely with the positive for multum:

maligna multo,

very, Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 83 Umpf.—

Doubled, multo multoque, with comparatives:

multo multoque longior,

far, very much, Front. ad M. Caes. 2, 5:

multo multoque operosius est,

Val. Max. 4, 1, 2: multo multoque magis, Front. Laud. Negl. § 3.

Comp.: plūs, pluris; in the plur., plures, plura (in sing. anciently written plous; three times in the S. C. de Bacch. Here perh. belongs, in the plur., pleores and pleoris, for plures, in the Song of the Arval Brothers.—For the class. neuter of the plur., plura, the form pluria was used in ante-class. Latinity. Gellius cites M. Cato, Q. Claudius, Valerius Antias, L. AElius, P. Nigidius, and M. Varro as authorities for this form, Gell. 5, 21, 6; yet Plautus and Terence have only plura; and the earlier reading pluria, in Lucr. 1, 877; 2, 1135; 4, 1085, is now supplanted by the critically certain plura and plurima.—The gen. plur. plurium, however, has remained the predominant form, e. g. Quint. 7, 1, 1; 8, 4, 27; 9, 4, 66 et saep.) [from the root ple; Gr. pleon, pimplêmi; cf. plenus, plera, compleo, etc.; also locu-ples, plebes, populus, etc.], more.

In the sing. (used both substantively and adverbially): LIBRAS FARRIS ENDO DIES DATO. SI VOLET PLVS DATO, Fragm. XII. Tab. in Gell. 20, 1, 45: SI PLVS MINVSVE SECVERVNT, SE FRAVDE ESTO, ib.;

so (perh. in imitation of this legal phrase): ebeu, cur ego plus minusve feci quam aequom fuit!

Plaut. Capt. 5, 3, 18; Ter. Phorm. 3, 3, 21:

ne plus minusve loqueretur,

Suet. Aug. 84; cf. Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 27; and in the signif. of circiter, about: septingenti sunt paulo plus aut minus anni... postquam, etc., Enn. ap. Varr. R. R. 3, 1, 2 (Ann. v. 493 Vahl.);

so. non longius abesse plus minus octo milibus,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 20, 1 Oud.; cf.:

speranti plures... venerunt plusve minusve duae,

Mart. 8, 71, 4:

aut ne quid faciam plus, quod post me minus fecisse satius sit,

too much... too little, Ter. Hec. 5, 1, 4:

tantum et plus etiam ipse mihi deberet,

Cic. Att. 7, 3, 7:

vos et decem numero, et, quod plus est, Romani estis,

and what is more, Liv. 9, 24, 8:

verbane plus an sententia valere debeat,

Cic. Top. 25, 96: [p. 1174] cf.:

apud me argumenta plus quam testes valent,

id. Rep. 1, 38, 59:

valet enim salus plus quam libido,

id. ib. 1, 40, 63.—

With a partitive gen.:

vultis pecuniae plus habere,

Cic. Inv. 1, 47, 88; cf.:

nostri casus plus honoris habuerunt quam laboris,

id. Rep. 1, 4, 7; so,

plus virium,

id. Leg. 1, 2, 6:

plus hostium,

Liv. 2, 42:

plus dapis et rixae multo minus invidiaeque,

Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 51:

in hac causa eo plus auctoritatis habent, quia, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 3, 16, 26; cf.:

plus ingenii,

id. ib. 1, 14, 22:

Albano non plus animi erat quam fidei,

as little courage as fidelity, Liv. 1, 27, 5.—

With quam (some examples of which have already been given above):

non plus quam semel,

Cic. Off. 3, 15, 61:

confiteor eos... plus quam sicarios esse,

id. Phil. 2, 13, 31:

ne plus reddat quam acceperit,

id. Lael. 16, 58 et saep.:

non plus quam in tres partis posse distribui putaverunt,

into not more than, id. Inv. 1, 34, 57:

plus quam decem dies abesse,

id. Phil. 2, 13, 31:

nulla (navis) plus quam triginta remis agatur,

with more than, Liv. 38, 38, 8.—

Without quam:

HOMINES PLOVS V. OINVORSEI VIREI ATQVE MVLIERES, S. C. de Bacch. 19 (Wordsw. Fragm. and Spec. p. 173): plus mille capti,

Liv. 24, 44:

plus milies audivi,

Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 32: plus semel, Varr. ap. Plin. 14, 14, 17, § 96:

plus quingentos colaphos infregit mihi,

Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 46:

ferre plus dimidiati mensis cibaria,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 16, 37:

non plus mille quingentos aeris,

id. Rep. 2, 22, 40:

paulo plus ducentos passus a castris,

Liv. 31, 34:

cum plus annum aeger fuisset,

id. 40, 2:

parte plus dimidia rem auctam,

id. 29, 25.—

With a compar. or adverbial abl., or with an abl. of measure:

VIREI PLOVS DVOBVS, S. C. de Bacch. 20 (Wordsw. Fragm. and Spec. p. 173): de paupertate tacentes Plus poscente ferent,

more than the importunate, Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 44:

ex his alius alio plus habet virium,

Cic. Leg. 1, 2, 6: cave putes hoc tempore plus me quemquam cruciari, Balb. ap. Cic. Att. 8, 15, A, 2:

alterum certe non potest, ut plus una vera sit,

Cic. N. D. 1, 2, 5; cf.:

in columba plures videri colores, nec esse plus uno,

id. Ac. 2, 25, 79: HOC PLVS NE FACITO, more than this, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Cic. Leg. 2, 23, 59:

annos sexaginta natus es Aut plus eo,

or more than that, Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 11:

plus aequo,

Cic. Lael. 16, 58:

plus paulo,

Ter. Heaut. 2, 1, 8:

paulo plus,

Liv. 31, 34: multo plus, Anton. ap. Cic. Att. 10, 8, A, 1:

plus nimio,

overmuch, Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 30: quam molestum est uno digito plus habere, too much by a finger, i. e. a finger too much, Cic. N. D. 1, 35, 99:

uno plus Etruscorum cecidisse in acie,

one man more, Liv. 2, 7, 2.—

In the gen. pretii, pluris, of more value, of a higher price, for more, higher, dearer:

ut plus reddant musti et olei, et pretii pluris,

of greater value, Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 4:

ager multo pluris est,

is worth much more, Cic. Rosc. Com. 12, 33; cf.:

quo pluris sint nostra oliveta,

id. Rep. 3, 9, 16:

pluris emere,

dearer, id. Fam. 7, 2, 1; so,

vendere,

id. Off. 3, 12, 51; id. Verr. 2, 3, 19, § 48; Hor. S. 2, 3, 300:

aedificare,

Col. 1, 4, 7:

pluris est oculatus testis quam auriti decem,

of more value, Plaut. Truc. 2, 6, 8:

mea mihi conscientia pluris est, quam omnium sermo,

Cic. Att. 12, 28, 2:

facio pluris omnium hominem neminem,

id. ib. 8, 2, 4:

facere aliquem pluris,

make more of one, esteem him more highly, id. Fam. 3, 4, 2:

pluris habere,

id. Phil. 6, 4, 10:

aestimare,

id. Par. 6, 2, 48:

ducere,

id. Att. 7, 3, 5:

putare,

id. Off. 3, 4, 18 et saep.—

Rarely, instead of the genitive, in the abl. pretii: plure vendunt, Lucil. ap. Charis. 2, p. 189 P.: plure altero tanto, quanto ejus fundus est, velim, Plaut. ib.: plure venit, Cic. ib.—

Plus plusque, more and more: quem mehercule plus plusque in dies diligo. Cic. Att. 6, 2, 10.—

Like magis, with an adj.:

plus formosus, for formosior,

Nemes. Ecl. 4, 72.—

In the plur.

Comparatively, more in number:

omnes qui aere alieno premantur, quos plures esse intellego quam putaram,

Cic. Att. 7, 3, 5; id. Rep. 2, 22, 40:

nemini ego plura acerba esse credo ex amore homini umquam oblata quam mihi,

Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 1:

ne plura insignia essent imperii in libero populo quam in regno fuissent,

Cic. Rep. 2, 31, 55:

multo plura,

many more things, Quint. 3, 6, 28.—

In gen., of a great number, many: qui plus fore dicant in pluribus consilii quam in uno. Cic. Rep. 1, 35, 55: cf.: quid quaeso interest inter unum et plures, si justitia est in pluribus? id. ib. 1, 39, 61;

1, 34, 52: non possunt una in civitate multi rem ac fortunas amittere, ut non plures secum in eandem trahant calamitatem,

id. Imp. Pomp. 7, 19:

quod pluribus praesentibus eas res jactari nolebat,

Caes. B. G. 1, 18:

plura castella Pompeius tentaverat,

id. B. C. 3, 52:

summus dolor plures dies manere non potest,

Cic. Fin. 2, 28, 93:

pluribus diebus, Quint. prooem. § 7: illic plurium rerum est congeries,

id. 8, 4, 27:

quae consuetudo sit, pluribus verbis docere,

Cic. Clu. 41, 115:

eum pluribus verbis rogat, ut, etc.,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 28, § 64;

without verba: quid ego plura dicam?

id. de Or. 1, 5, 18:

pluribus haec exsecutus sum,

Phaedr. 3, 10, 59;

also elliptically, quid plura? and, ne plura, like quid multa? and ne multa: hic sacra, hic genus, hic majorum multa vestigia. Quid plura? hanc vides villam, etc.,

what need of many words? in short, Cic. Leg. 2, 1, 3:

sed—ne plura—dicendum enim aliquando est—Pomponium Atticum sic amo, ut alterum fratrem,

id. Fam. 13, 1, 5.—

Esp.: plures.

The mass, the multitude, opp. pauciores, = hoi oligoi, Plaut. Trin. 1, 1, 13.—

Euphemistically, acc. to the Gr. hoi pleiones, the dead:

quin prius Me ad plures penetravi?

Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 14.—

The greater number, the majority:

plures nesciebant qua ex causa convenissent,

Vulg. Act. 19, 32.

Sup.: plūrĭmus (archaic form, plisima plurima, Paul. ex Fest. p. 204 and 205 Mull.: PLIOIRVME (I), Epit. of Scipio), a, um [from root ple; whence also plus, q. v., ploirumus for ploisumus; and thence the predominant form plurimus], most, very much, or many (as an adj. in good prose mostly in the plur., except the standing formula of greeting: salutem plurimam dicere alicui; v. infra):

hujus sunt plurima simulacra,

Caes. B. G. 6, 17:

nos plurimis ignotissimi gentibus,

Cic. Rep. 1, 17, 26:

plurimae et maximae partes,

id. ib. 1, 4, 8:

plurimorum seculorum memoria,

id. ib. 3, 9, 14:

haec plurimis a me verbis dicta sunt,

id. ib. 1, 7, 12 et saep.—In sing.:

me plurima praeda onustum,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 2, 4:

sermo,

Quint. 2, 2, 5:

risus,

id. 6, 3, 85:

res,

id. 6, 1, 51:

exercitatio,

id. 8 prooem. §

28: mons,

very large, Verg. A. 1, 419:

cervix,

id. G. 3, 52:

Aetna,

Ov. Ib. 600.—Of a greeting: impertit salutem plurimam, Lucil. ap. Non. 472. 16; and esp. freq.: salutem plurimam dicit (commonly abbrev. S. P. D.) at the beginning of letters; v. salus.— Poet.:

medio cum plurimus orbe Sol erat,

very powerful, oppressive, Ov. M. 14, 53: plurima qua silva est. thickest, id. ib. 14, 361:

coma plurima,

very thick, id. ib. 13, 844:

sed plurima nantis in ore Alcyone conjux,

mostly, chiefly, id. ib. 11, 562.—And collect.:

plurimus in Junonis honorem Aptum dicet equis Argos,

many a one, very many, Hor. C. 1, 7, 8; so,

oleaster plurimus,

Verg. G. 2, 183:

qua plurima mittitur ales,

Mart. 9, 56, 1:

plurima lecta rosa est,

Ov. F. 4, 441.— In neutr. absol. (substant. or adverb.):

ut haberet quam plurimum,

as much as possible, Cic. Rab. Post. 14, 39:

caput autem est, quam plurimum scribere,

id. de Or. 1, 33, 150:

ut in quoque oratore plurimum esset,

id. Rep. 1, 27, 123.— Adv.: plūrĭmum:

et is valebat in suffragio plurimum, cujus plurimum intererat, esse in optimo statu civitatem,

Cic. Rep. 2, 22, 40:

auspiciis plurimum obsecutus est Romulus,

id. ib. 2, 9, 16:

si vero populus plurimum potest,

id. ib. 3, 14, 23; cf.:

qui apud me dignitate plurimum possunt,

id. Rosc. Am. 1, 4:

plurimum aliis praestare,

id. Inv. 2, 1, 1:

ut te plurimum diligam,

id. Fam. 1, 7, 1; id. Tusc. 5, 27, 78:

hoc ego utor uno omnium plurimum,

id. Fam. 11, 16, 2:

quantum (al. quanto) plurimum possunt,

Quint. 11, 3, 120: plurimum quantum also signifies very much indeed, exceedingly (post-class.):

plurimum quantum veritati nocuere,

Min. Fel. Oct. 22:

gratulor,

id. ib. 40:

(elleborum) ex aqua datur plurimum drachma,

at the most, Plin. 25, 5, 22, § 54; 9, 36, 60, § 125; 30, 6, 16, § 48; so,

cum plurimum,

id. 2, 17, 15, § 78 (opp. to cum minimum); 18, 7, 10, § 60: nec tam numerosa differentia; tribus ut plurimum bonitatibus distat, for the most part, commonly, usually, = plerumque, Plin. 15, 3, 4, § 18.—

In neutr. with a partit. gen.: sententiarum et gravitatis plurimum, Cic. Inv. 1, 18, 25:

artis,

Quint. 10, 5, 3:

auctoritatis et ponderis,

id. 9, 4, 91:

ut laboris sic utilitatis etiam longe plurimum,

id. 10, 3, 1:

virtutum,

id. 12, 1, 20 plurimum quantum favoris partibus dabat fratermtas ducum, Flor. 4, 2, 74.—

In the gen. pretii:

plurimi: immo unice unum plurimi pendit,

values very highly, esteems very much, Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 29:

quem unum Alexander plurimi fecerat,

Nep. Eum. 2, 2:

ut quisque quod plurimi est possidet,

Cic. Par. 6, 2, 48.

multus (old form moltus), a, um; comp. plus; sup. plurimus (v. at the end of this art.), adj. [etym. dub.], much, great, many, of things corporeal and incorporeal.

In gen.: multi mortales, Cato ap. Gell. 10, 3, 17: multi suam rem [p. 1173] bene gessere: multi qui, etc., Enn. ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 6, 1 (Trag. v. 295 sq. Vahl.):

multi fortissimi viri,

Cic. Fam. 5, 17, 3:

rationes,

id. de Or. 1, 51, 222. tam multis verbis scribere, at such length, id. Fam. 3, 8, 1:

beneficia. Cato ap. Fest. s. v. ratissima, p. 286 Mull.: multi alii,

Ter. And. 5, 4, 28.—When used with another adjective it is usually connected with it by a conjunction:

multae et magnae contentiones,

many great conlests, Cic. Phil. 2, 3, 7; 3, 10, 26:

O multas et graves offensiones,

id. Att. 11, 7, 3:

multi et graves dolores,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 45, § 119:

multi et varii timores,

Liv. 3, 16, 3:

multae bonaeque artes animi,

Sall. J. 28, 5:

multa et clara facinora,

Tac. A. 12, 31.—But when the second adjective is used substantively the conjunction is omitted:

multi improbi,

Cic. Off. 2, 8, 28; 2, 19, 65:

multi boni, docti, prudentes,

id. Fl. 4, 8:

multi nobiles,

id. Planc. 20, 50:

multa acerba habuit ille annus,

id. Sest. 27, 58; 66, 139:

multa infanda,

Liv. 28, 12, 5:

multa falsa,

id. 35, 23, 2.—Also, when the second adjective forms with its substantive a single conception:

multa secunda proelia,

victories, Liv. 9, 42, 5; 35, 1, 3; 41, 17, 1:

multa libera capita,

freemen, id. 42, 41, 11:

multae liberae civitates,

republics, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 30, § 68:

multos fortes viros,

id. Cat. 3, 2, 7; id. Mur. 8, 17:

multi clari viri,

noblemen, id. Leg. 1, 5, 17:

multi primarii viri,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 61, § 149.—Similarly, et is omitted between multi and adjectives which form with their substantives familiar phrases:

multi clarissimi viri,

Cic. Phil. 11, 10, 24:

multi amplissimi viri,

id. Fin. 2, 17, 55; id. Deiot. 14, 39; id. Fam. 10, 25, 2; id. Att. 10, 8, 7; 16, 16, 11; id. Verr. 1, 7, 19:

multi honestissimi homines,

id. Fam. 15, 15, 3:

multi peritissimi homines,

id. Caecin. 24, 69:

multi summi homines,

id. Arch. 12, 30; id. Har. Resp. 26, 56:

multi clarissimi et sapientissimi viri,

id. Planc. 4, 11; id. Cael. 18, 43.—Et is also omitted when the substantive stands between the two adjectives:

in veteribus patronis multis,

Cic. Div. in Caecil. 1, 2:

multa praeterea bella gravia,

id. Agr. 2, 33, 90:

multis suppliciis justis,

id. Cat. 1, 8, 20:

multa majores nostri magna et gravia bella gesserunt,

id. Imp. Pomp. 2, 6:

plurima signa pulcherrima,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 23, § 61.—When both adjectives follow the substantive, et is sometimes inserted:

virtutes animi multae et magnae,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 22, 64:

causas ille multas et graves habuit,

id. Clu. 30, 82;

and is sometimes omitted, the emphasis then falling on the second adjective: utebatur hominibus improbis, multis,

id. Cael. 5, 12:

prodigia multa, foeda,

Liv. 40, 29, 1.—With a partitive gen.:

multi hominum,

Plin. 16, 25, 40, § 96:

multae silvestrium arborum,

id. 16, 31, 56, § 128.—In neutr. plur.: multa, orum, many things, much:

nimium multa,

Cic. Fam. 4, 14, 3:

nimis multa,

id. Fin. 2, 18, 57:

insulae non ita multae,

not so many, not so very many, Plin. 5, 7, 7, § 41:

parum multa scire,

too few, Auct. Her. 1, 1, 1: bene multi, a good many, Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 4:

quam minime multa vestigia servitutis,

as few as possible, Nep. Tim. 3, 3:

minime multi remiges,

exceedingly few, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 34, § 88:

in multas pecunias alienissimorum hominum invasit,

id. Phil. 2, 16, 41; id. Verr. 2, 5, 19, § 48:

multae pecuniae variis ex causis a privatis detinentur,

Plin. Ep. 10, 17, 3.—Sometimes multi stands for multi alii, many others:

nam certe Pompeio, et a Curionibus patre et filio, et a multis exprobratum est,

Suet. Caes. 50.—The sing. also is used poet. for the plur., many a:

aut trudit acres hinc et hinc multa cane Apros in obstantes plagas,

with many dogs, Hor. Epod. 2, 31:

multa prece prosequi,

id. C. 4, 5, 33:

multa victima,

Verg. E. 1, 34: agna. Ov. F. 4, 772:

avis,

id. Am. 3, 5, 4:

tabella,

Tib. 1, 3, 28; so of persons: multus sua vulnera puppi Affixit moriens, many a one, for multi affixerunt, Luc. 3, 707.—In sing., to denote quantity, much, great, abundant: multum aurum et argentum. Plaut. Rud. 5, 2, 8; 22:

exstructa mensa multa carne rancida,

Cic. Pis. 27, 67:

multo labore quaerere aliquid,

with much labor, great exertion, Cic. Sull. 26, 73:

cura,

Sall. J. 7, 4:

sol,

much sun, Plin. 31, 7, 39, § 81: sermo, much conversalion, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 20, 1: stilus tuus multi sudoris est. Cic. de Or. 1, 60, 257: multo cibo et potione completi, id. Tusc. 5, 35, 100:

multo sanguine ea Poenis victoria stetit,

Liv. 23, 30, 2:

multum sanguinem haurire,

Curt. 4, 14, 17; 8, 14, 32:

multam harenam mare evomit,

id. 4, 6, 8:

arbor,

id. 7, 4, 26:

silva,

id. 8, 10, 14:

multae vestis injectu opprimi,

Tac. A. 6, 50:

multa et lauta supellex,

Cic. Phil. 2, 27, 66:

aurum,

Sall. J. 13, 6; Tac. A. 6, 33; Liv. 26, 11, 9; Curt. 3, 3, 12:

libertas,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 5:

multam salutem dicere alicui,

to greet heartily, Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 194:

cum auro et argento multo,

Sall. J. 13, 6.—Of time:

Itaque multum diei processerat,

a great part of the day, Sall. J. 51, 2:

ad multum diem,

till far in the day, Cic. Att. 13, 9, 1:

multo adhuc die,

when much of the day was still remaining, when it was still high day, Tac. H. 2, 44:

multo denique die,

when the day was far spent, Caes. B. G. 1, 22:

multa nocte,

late at night, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 9, 2:

multo mane,

very early, id. Att. 5, 4, 1:

multa opinio, for multorum,

the general opinion, Gell. 3, 16, 1:

velut multa pace,

as in a general peace, as if there were peace everywhere, Tac. H. 4, 35:

multus homo,

one who gives himself up to the lusts of many, Cat. 112, 1.— multi, orum, m., the many, the common mass, the multitude: probis probatus potius, quam multis forem, Att. ap. Non. 519, 9:

video ego te, mulier, more multarum utier,

id. ib. —Esp.: unus e (or de) multis, one of the multitude, a man of no distinction:

tenuis L. Virginius unusque e multis,

Cic. Fin. 2, 20, 62:

unus de multis esse,

id. Off. 1, 30, 109: M. Calidius non fuit orator unus e multis;

potius inter multos prope singularis fuit,

id. Brut. 79, 274:

numerarer in multis,

among the herd of orators, id. ib. 97, 333:

e multis una sit tibi,

no better than others, Ov. R. Am. 682:

multum est,

it is of importance, Verg. G. 2, 272.—In neutr. absol.: ne multa, or ne multis, not to be prolix, in short:

ne multa: perquiritur a coactoribus,

Cic. Clu. 64, 181:

ne multis: Diogenes emitur,

id. ib. 16, 47:

quid multis moror?

Ter. And. 1, 1, 87.—Sometimes multa is used (particularly by the poets) adverbially, much, greatly, very:

multa reluctari,

Verg. G. 4, 301:

gemens,

id. ib. 3, 226; id. A. 5, 869:

deos testatus,

id. ib. 7, 593:

invehi,

Nep. Ep. 6, 1 (cf. nonnulla invehi, id. Tim. 5, 3):

haud multa moratus,

Verg. A. 3, 610.—Rarely in multum:

in multum velociores,

by far, Plin. 10, 36, 52, § 108.—

In partic.

Too much, overmuch, excessive:

supellex modica, non multa,

Nep. Att. 13, 5.—

In speech, much-speaking, diffuse, prolix:

qui in aliquo genere aut inconcinnus aut multus est,

Cic. de Or. 2, 4, 17:

ne in re nota et pervulgata multus et insolens sim,

id. ib. 2, 87, 358:

nolo in stellarum ratione multus vobis videri,

id. N. D. 2, 46, 119.—

Frequent, frequently present:

in operibus, in agmine, atque ad vigilias multus adesse,

Sall. J. 96, 3:

multus in eo proelio Caesar fuit,

was in many places, Flor. 4, 2, 50:

hen hercle hominem multum et odiosum mihi!

troublesome, tedious, Plaut. Men. 2, 2, 41:

instare,

Sall. J. 84, 1.—Hence, adv., in two forms.

multum, much, very much, greatly, very, often, frequently, far, etc. (class.):

salve multum, gnate mi,

Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 56:

multum vale,

farewell, id. Stich. 3, 2, 40:

hominem ineptum multum et odiosum mihi,

id. Men. 2, 2, 42:

opinor, Cassium uti non ita multum sorore,

not very much, Cic. Fam. 7, 23, 3:

multum mecum municipales homines loquuntur,

often, id. Att. 8, 13, 2:

non multum ille quidem nec saepe dicebat,

id. Brut. 34, 128:

non multum confidere,

not very much, not particularly, Caes. B. G. 3, 25:

sunt in venationibus,

often, frequently, id. ib. 4, 1:

in eodem genere causarum multum erat T. Juventius,

Cic. Brut. 48, 178:

multum fuisse cum aliquo,

to have had much intercourse with, id. Rep. 1, 10, 16:

sum multum equidem cum Phaedro in Epicuri hortis,

id. Fin. 5, 1, 3:

gratia valere,

to be in great favor, Nep. Con. 2, 1:

res multum et saepe quaesita,

Cic. Leg. 3, 15, 33:

longe omnes multumque superabit,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 44, § 115:

multum et diu cogitans,

id. Div. 2, 1, 1:

diu multumque scriptitare,

id. de Or. 1, 33, 152.—With an adj.:

multum loquaces,

very talkative, Plaut. Aul. 2, 1, 5:

mepti labores,

very, Plin. Ep. 1, 9.— Poet. also with comp.:

multum improbiores sunt quam a primo credidi,

much, far, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 139:

multum robustior illo,

Juv. 19, 197:

majora,

Sil. 13, 708.— So with infra, post:

haud multum infra viam,

Liv. 5, 37, 7; Plin. 98, 7, § 20:

haud multum post mortem ejus,

Tac. A. 5, 3:

ut multum,

at most, Mart. 10, 11, 6; Vop. Aur. 46.—

multō by much, much, a great deal, far, by far (class.).

With comparatives and verbs which imply comparison:

multo tanto carior,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 76:

pauciores oratores,

Cic. de Or. 1, 3, 11:

facilius atque expeditius iter,

Caes. B. G. 1, 6.—With verbs:

virtutem omnibus rebus multo anteponentes,

Cic. Fin. 4, 18, 49:

multo ceteros anteibant,

Tac. H. 4, 13:

multo praestat beneficii, quam maleficii immemorem esse,

Sall. J. 31, 28.—With malle:

multo mavolo,

Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 88; id. Ps. 2, 4, 38:

meo judicio multo stare malo, quam, etc.,

Cic. Att. 12, 21, 1.—

With sup. (rare but class.), by far, by much:

quae tibi mulier videtur multo sapientissuma,

Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 66; id. Am. 2, 2, 150: multo optimus hostis, by far, Lucil. ap. Non. 4, 413:

simulacrum multo antiquissimum,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 49, § 109; 2, 4, 23, § 50; id. Cat. 4, 8, 17:

maxima pars,

id. Imp. Pomp. 18, 54; cf. Hor. S. 2, 3, 82:

multo id bellum maximum fuit,

Liv. 1, 11, 5:

pars multo maxima,

id. 30, 18, 14: multo molestissima, Cic. Div. in. Caecil. 11, 36:

multo gratissima lux,

Hor. S. 1, 5, 39:

foedissimum,

Quint. 9, 4, 72:

optimum,

id. ib. 26:

pulcherrimum,

id. 1, 2, 24:

utilissima,

id. 2, 10, 1:

maxime,

Auct. Her. 4, 44, 58:

multo maxime miserabile,

Sall. C. 36, 4:

multo maxime ingenio validus,

id. J. 6, 1.—

With particles denoting a difference, far, greatly, very:

multo aliter,

Ter. And. prol. 4:

multo aliter ac sperabat,

far otherwise than, Nep. Ham. 2:

quod non multo secus fieret, si,

not far otherwise, not very different, Cic. Fam. 4, 9, 1: multo infra Cyrenaicum. Plin. 19, 3, 15, § 40. —

In specifications of time, before ante and post, long, much:

non multo ante urbem captam,

Cic. Div. 1, 45, 101:

non multo ante,

not long before, Nep. Eum. 3, 3:

multo ante,

Cic. Fam. 4, 1, 1:

non multo post, quam, etc.,

not long after, id. Att. 12, 49, 9:

haud multo ante solis occasum,

Liv. 5, 39, 2:

multo ante noctem,

id. 27, 42, 13.—

Very rarely with the positive for multum:

maligna multo,

very, Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 83 Umpf.—

Doubled, multo multoque, with comparatives:

multo multoque longior,

far, very much, Front. ad M. Caes. 2, 5:

multo multoque operosius est,

Val. Max. 4, 1, 2: multo multoque magis, Front. Laud. Negl. § 3.

Comp.: plūs, pluris; in the plur., plures, plura (in sing. anciently written plous; three times in the S. C. de Bacch. Here perh. belongs, in the plur., pleores and pleoris, for plures, in the Song of the Arval Brothers.—For the class. neuter of the plur., plura, the form pluria was used in ante-class. Latinity. Gellius cites M. Cato, Q. Claudius, Valerius Antias, L. AElius, P. Nigidius, and M. Varro as authorities for this form, Gell. 5, 21, 6; yet Plautus and Terence have only plura; and the earlier reading pluria, in Lucr. 1, 877; 2, 1135; 4, 1085, is now supplanted by the critically certain plura and plurima.—The gen. plur. plurium, however, has remained the predominant form, e. g. Quint. 7, 1, 1; 8, 4, 27; 9, 4, 66 et saep.) [from the root ple; Gr. pleon, pimplêmi; cf. plenus, plera, compleo, etc.; also locu-ples, plebes, populus, etc.], more.

In the sing. (used both substantively and adverbially): LIBRAS FARRIS ENDO DIES DATO. SI VOLET PLVS DATO, Fragm. XII. Tab. in Gell. 20, 1, 45: SI PLVS MINVSVE SECVERVNT, SE FRAVDE ESTO, ib.;

so (perh. in imitation of this legal phrase): ebeu, cur ego plus minusve feci quam aequom fuit!

Plaut. Capt. 5, 3, 18; Ter. Phorm. 3, 3, 21:

ne plus minusve loqueretur,

Suet. Aug. 84; cf. Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 27; and in the signif. of circiter, about: septingenti sunt paulo plus aut minus anni... postquam, etc., Enn. ap. Varr. R. R. 3, 1, 2 (Ann. v. 493 Vahl.);

so. non longius abesse plus minus octo milibus,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 20, 1 Oud.; cf.:

speranti plures... venerunt plusve minusve duae,

Mart. 8, 71, 4:

aut ne quid faciam plus, quod post me minus fecisse satius sit,

too much... too little, Ter. Hec. 5, 1, 4:

tantum et plus etiam ipse mihi deberet,

Cic. Att. 7, 3, 7:

vos et decem numero, et, quod plus est, Romani estis,

and what is more, Liv. 9, 24, 8:

verbane plus an sententia valere debeat,

Cic. Top. 25, 96: [p. 1174] cf.:

apud me argumenta plus quam testes valent,

id. Rep. 1, 38, 59:

valet enim salus plus quam libido,

id. ib. 1, 40, 63.—

With a partitive gen.:

vultis pecuniae plus habere,

Cic. Inv. 1, 47, 88; cf.:

nostri casus plus honoris habuerunt quam laboris,

id. Rep. 1, 4, 7; so,

plus virium,

id. Leg. 1, 2, 6:

plus hostium,

Liv. 2, 42:

plus dapis et rixae multo minus invidiaeque,

Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 51:

in hac causa eo plus auctoritatis habent, quia, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 3, 16, 26; cf.:

plus ingenii,

id. ib. 1, 14, 22:

Albano non plus animi erat quam fidei,

as little courage as fidelity, Liv. 1, 27, 5.—

With quam (some examples of which have already been given above):

non plus quam semel,

Cic. Off. 3, 15, 61:

confiteor eos... plus quam sicarios esse,

id. Phil. 2, 13, 31:

ne plus reddat quam acceperit,

id. Lael. 16, 58 et saep.:

non plus quam in tres partis posse distribui putaverunt,

into not more than, id. Inv. 1, 34, 57:

plus quam decem dies abesse,

id. Phil. 2, 13, 31:

nulla (navis) plus quam triginta remis agatur,

with more than, Liv. 38, 38, 8.—

Without quam:

HOMINES PLOVS V. OINVORSEI VIREI ATQVE MVLIERES, S. C. de Bacch. 19 (Wordsw. Fragm. and Spec. p. 173): plus mille capti,

Liv. 24, 44:

plus milies audivi,

Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 32: plus semel, Varr. ap. Plin. 14, 14, 17, § 96:

plus quingentos colaphos infregit mihi,

Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 46:

ferre plus dimidiati mensis cibaria,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 16, 37:

non plus mille quingentos aeris,

id. Rep. 2, 22, 40:

paulo plus ducentos passus a castris,

Liv. 31, 34:

cum plus annum aeger fuisset,

id. 40, 2:

parte plus dimidia rem auctam,

id. 29, 25.—

With a compar. or adverbial abl., or with an abl. of measure:

VIREI PLOVS DVOBVS, S. C. de Bacch. 20 (Wordsw. Fragm. and Spec. p. 173): de paupertate tacentes Plus poscente ferent,

more than the importunate, Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 44:

ex his alius alio plus habet virium,

Cic. Leg. 1, 2, 6: cave putes hoc tempore plus me quemquam cruciari, Balb. ap. Cic. Att. 8, 15, A, 2:

alterum certe non potest, ut plus una vera sit,

Cic. N. D. 1, 2, 5; cf.:

in columba plures videri colores, nec esse plus uno,

id. Ac. 2, 25, 79: HOC PLVS NE FACITO, more than this, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Cic. Leg. 2, 23, 59:

annos sexaginta natus es Aut plus eo,

or more than that, Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 11:

plus aequo,

Cic. Lael. 16, 58:

plus paulo,

Ter. Heaut. 2, 1, 8:

paulo plus,

Liv. 31, 34: multo plus, Anton. ap. Cic. Att. 10, 8, A, 1:

plus nimio,

overmuch, Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 30: quam molestum est uno digito plus habere, too much by a finger, i. e. a finger too much, Cic. N. D. 1, 35, 99:

uno plus Etruscorum cecidisse in acie,

one man more, Liv. 2, 7, 2.—

In the gen. pretii, pluris, of more value, of a higher price, for more, higher, dearer:

ut plus reddant musti et olei, et pretii pluris,

of greater value, Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 4:

ager multo pluris est,

is worth much more, Cic. Rosc. Com. 12, 33; cf.:

quo pluris sint nostra oliveta,

id. Rep. 3, 9, 16:

pluris emere,

dearer, id. Fam. 7, 2, 1; so,

vendere,

id. Off. 3, 12, 51; id. Verr. 2, 3, 19, § 48; Hor. S. 2, 3, 300:

aedificare,

Col. 1, 4, 7:

pluris est oculatus testis quam auriti decem,

of more value, Plaut. Truc. 2, 6, 8:

mea mihi conscientia pluris est, quam omnium sermo,

Cic. Att. 12, 28, 2:

facio pluris omnium hominem neminem,

id. ib. 8, 2, 4:

facere aliquem pluris,

make more of one, esteem him more highly, id. Fam. 3, 4, 2:

pluris habere,

id. Phil. 6, 4, 10:

aestimare,

id. Par. 6, 2, 48:

ducere,

id. Att. 7, 3, 5:

putare,

id. Off. 3, 4, 18 et saep.—

Rarely, instead of the genitive, in the abl. pretii: plure vendunt, Lucil. ap. Charis. 2, p. 189 P.: plure altero tanto, quanto ejus fundus est, velim, Plaut. ib.: plure venit, Cic. ib.—

Plus plusque, more and more: quem mehercule plus plusque in dies diligo. Cic. Att. 6, 2, 10.—

Like magis, with an adj.:

plus formosus, for formosior,

Nemes. Ecl. 4, 72.—

In the plur.

Comparatively, more in number:

omnes qui aere alieno premantur, quos plures esse intellego quam putaram,

Cic. Att. 7, 3, 5; id. Rep. 2, 22, 40:

nemini ego plura acerba esse credo ex amore homini umquam oblata quam mihi,

Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 1:

ne plura insignia essent imperii in libero populo quam in regno fuissent,

Cic. Rep. 2, 31, 55:

multo plura,

many more things, Quint. 3, 6, 28.—

In gen., of a great number, many: qui plus fore dicant in pluribus consilii quam in uno. Cic. Rep. 1, 35, 55: cf.: quid quaeso interest inter unum et plures, si justitia est in pluribus? id. ib. 1, 39, 61;

1, 34, 52: non possunt una in civitate multi rem ac fortunas amittere, ut non plures secum in eandem trahant calamitatem,

id. Imp. Pomp. 7, 19:

quod pluribus praesentibus eas res jactari nolebat,

Caes. B. G. 1, 18:

plura castella Pompeius tentaverat,

id. B. C. 3, 52:

summus dolor plures dies manere non potest,

Cic. Fin. 2, 28, 93:

pluribus diebus, Quint. prooem. § 7: illic plurium rerum est congeries,

id. 8, 4, 27:

quae consuetudo sit, pluribus verbis docere,

Cic. Clu. 41, 115:

eum pluribus verbis rogat, ut, etc.,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 28, § 64;

without verba: quid ego plura dicam?

id. de Or. 1, 5, 18:

pluribus haec exsecutus sum,

Phaedr. 3, 10, 59;

also elliptically, quid plura? and, ne plura, like quid multa? and ne multa: hic sacra, hic genus, hic majorum multa vestigia. Quid plura? hanc vides villam, etc.,

what need of many words? in short, Cic. Leg. 2, 1, 3:

sed—ne plura—dicendum enim aliquando est—Pomponium Atticum sic amo, ut alterum fratrem,

id. Fam. 13, 1, 5.—

Esp.: plures.

The mass, the multitude, opp. pauciores, = hoi oligoi, Plaut. Trin. 1, 1, 13.—

Euphemistically, acc. to the Gr. hoi pleiones, the dead:

quin prius Me ad plures penetravi?

Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 14.—

The greater number, the majority:

plures nesciebant qua ex causa convenissent,

Vulg. Act. 19, 32.

Sup.: plūrĭmus (archaic form, plisima plurima, Paul. ex Fest. p. 204 and 205 Mull.: PLIOIRVME (I), Epit. of Scipio), a, um [from root ple; whence also plus, q. v., ploirumus for ploisumus; and thence the predominant form plurimus], most, very much, or many (as an adj. in good prose mostly in the plur., except the standing formula of greeting: salutem plurimam dicere alicui; v. infra):

hujus sunt plurima simulacra,

Caes. B. G. 6, 17:

nos plurimis ignotissimi gentibus,

Cic. Rep. 1, 17, 26:

plurimae et maximae partes,

id. ib. 1, 4, 8:

plurimorum seculorum memoria,

id. ib. 3, 9, 14:

haec plurimis a me verbis dicta sunt,

id. ib. 1, 7, 12 et saep.—In sing.:

me plurima praeda onustum,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 2, 4:

sermo,

Quint. 2, 2, 5:

risus,

id. 6, 3, 85:

res,

id. 6, 1, 51:

exercitatio,

id. 8 prooem. §

28: mons,

very large, Verg. A. 1, 419:

cervix,

id. G. 3, 52:

Aetna,

Ov. Ib. 600.—Of a greeting: impertit salutem plurimam, Lucil. ap. Non. 472. 16; and esp. freq.: salutem plurimam dicit (commonly abbrev. S. P. D.) at the beginning of letters; v. salus.— Poet.:

medio cum plurimus orbe Sol erat,

very powerful, oppressive, Ov. M. 14, 53: plurima qua silva est. thickest, id. ib. 14, 361:

coma plurima,

very thick, id. ib. 13, 844:

sed plurima nantis in ore Alcyone conjux,

mostly, chiefly, id. ib. 11, 562.—And collect.:

plurimus in Junonis honorem Aptum dicet equis Argos,

many a one, very many, Hor. C. 1, 7, 8; so,

oleaster plurimus,

Verg. G. 2, 183:

qua plurima mittitur ales,

Mart. 9, 56, 1:

plurima lecta rosa est,

Ov. F. 4, 441.— In neutr. absol. (substant. or adverb.):

ut haberet quam plurimum,

as much as possible, Cic. Rab. Post. 14, 39:

caput autem est, quam plurimum scribere,

id. de Or. 1, 33, 150:

ut in quoque oratore plurimum esset,

id. Rep. 1, 27, 123.— Adv.: plūrĭmum:

et is valebat in suffragio plurimum, cujus plurimum intererat, esse in optimo statu civitatem,

Cic. Rep. 2, 22, 40:

auspiciis plurimum obsecutus est Romulus,

id. ib. 2, 9, 16:

si vero populus plurimum potest,

id. ib. 3, 14, 23; cf.:

qui apud me dignitate plurimum possunt,

id. Rosc. Am. 1, 4:

plurimum aliis praestare,

id. Inv. 2, 1, 1:

ut te plurimum diligam,

id. Fam. 1, 7, 1; id. Tusc. 5, 27, 78:

hoc ego utor uno omnium plurimum,

id. Fam. 11, 16, 2:

quantum (al. quanto) plurimum possunt,

Quint. 11, 3, 120: plurimum quantum also signifies very much indeed, exceedingly (post-class.):

plurimum quantum veritati nocuere,

Min. Fel. Oct. 22:

gratulor,

id. ib. 40:

(elleborum) ex aqua datur plurimum drachma,

at the most, Plin. 25, 5, 22, § 54; 9, 36, 60, § 125; 30, 6, 16, § 48; so,

cum plurimum,

id. 2, 17, 15, § 78 (opp. to cum minimum); 18, 7, 10, § 60: nec tam numerosa differentia; tribus ut plurimum bonitatibus distat, for the most part, commonly, usually, = plerumque, Plin. 15, 3, 4, § 18.—

In neutr. with a partit. gen.: sententiarum et gravitatis plurimum, Cic. Inv. 1, 18, 25:

artis,

Quint. 10, 5, 3:

auctoritatis et ponderis,

id. 9, 4, 91:

ut laboris sic utilitatis etiam longe plurimum,

id. 10, 3, 1:

virtutum,

id. 12, 1, 20 plurimum quantum favoris partibus dabat fratermtas ducum, Flor. 4, 2, 74.—

In the gen. pretii:

plurimi: immo unice unum plurimi pendit,

values very highly, esteems very much, Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 29:

quem unum Alexander plurimi fecerat,

Nep. Eum. 2, 2:

ut quisque quod plurimi est possidet,

Cic. Par. 6, 2, 48.

multus (old form moltus), a, um; comp. plus; sup. plurimus (v. at the end of this art.), adj. [etym. dub.], much, great, many, of things corporeal and incorporeal.

In gen.: multi mortales, Cato ap. Gell. 10, 3, 17: multi suam rem [p. 1173] bene gessere: multi qui, etc., Enn. ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 6, 1 (Trag. v. 295 sq. Vahl.):

multi fortissimi viri,

Cic. Fam. 5, 17, 3:

rationes,

id. de Or. 1, 51, 222. tam multis verbis scribere, at such length, id. Fam. 3, 8, 1:

beneficia. Cato ap. Fest. s. v. ratissima, p. 286 Mull.: multi alii,

Ter. And. 5, 4, 28.—When used with another adjective it is usually connected with it by a conjunction:

multae et magnae contentiones,

many great conlests, Cic. Phil. 2, 3, 7; 3, 10, 26:

O multas et graves offensiones,

id. Att. 11, 7, 3:

multi et graves dolores,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 45, § 119:

multi et varii timores,

Liv. 3, 16, 3:

multae bonaeque artes animi,

Sall. J. 28, 5:

multa et clara facinora,

Tac. A. 12, 31.—But when the second adjective is used substantively the conjunction is omitted:

multi improbi,

Cic. Off. 2, 8, 28; 2, 19, 65:

multi boni, docti, prudentes,

id. Fl. 4, 8:

multi nobiles,

id. Planc. 20, 50:

multa acerba habuit ille annus,

id. Sest. 27, 58; 66, 139:

multa infanda,

Liv. 28, 12, 5:

multa falsa,

id. 35, 23, 2.—Also, when the second adjective forms with its substantive a single conception:

multa secunda proelia,

victories, Liv. 9, 42, 5; 35, 1, 3; 41, 17, 1:

multa libera capita,

freemen, id. 42, 41, 11:

multae liberae civitates,

republics, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 30, § 68:

multos fortes viros,

id. Cat. 3, 2, 7; id. Mur. 8, 17:

multi clari viri,

noblemen, id. Leg. 1, 5, 17:

multi primarii viri,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 61, § 149.—Similarly, et is omitted between multi and adjectives which form with their substantives familiar phrases:

multi clarissimi viri,

Cic. Phil. 11, 10, 24:

multi amplissimi viri,

id. Fin. 2, 17, 55; id. Deiot. 14, 39; id. Fam. 10, 25, 2; id. Att. 10, 8, 7; 16, 16, 11; id. Verr. 1, 7, 19:

multi honestissimi homines,

id. Fam. 15, 15, 3:

multi peritissimi homines,

id. Caecin. 24, 69:

multi summi homines,

id. Arch. 12, 30; id. Har. Resp. 26, 56:

multi clarissimi et sapientissimi viri,

id. Planc. 4, 11; id. Cael. 18, 43.—Et is also omitted when the substantive stands between the two adjectives:

in veteribus patronis multis,

Cic. Div. in Caecil. 1, 2:

multa praeterea bella gravia,

id. Agr. 2, 33, 90:

multis suppliciis justis,

id. Cat. 1, 8, 20:

multa majores nostri magna et gravia bella gesserunt,

id. Imp. Pomp. 2, 6:

plurima signa pulcherrima,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 23, § 61.—When both adjectives follow the substantive, et is sometimes inserted:

virtutes animi multae et magnae,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 22, 64:

causas ille multas et graves habuit,

id. Clu. 30, 82;

and is sometimes omitted, the emphasis then falling on the second adjective: utebatur hominibus improbis, multis,

id. Cael. 5, 12:

prodigia multa, foeda,

Liv. 40, 29, 1.—With a partitive gen.:

multi hominum,

Plin. 16, 25, 40, § 96:

multae silvestrium arborum,

id. 16, 31, 56, § 128.—In neutr. plur.: multa, orum, many things, much:

nimium multa,

Cic. Fam. 4, 14, 3:

nimis multa,

id. Fin. 2, 18, 57:

insulae non ita multae,

not so many, not so very many, Plin. 5, 7, 7, § 41:

parum multa scire,

too few, Auct. Her. 1, 1, 1: bene multi, a good many, Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 4:

quam minime multa vestigia servitutis,

as few as possible, Nep. Tim. 3, 3:

minime multi remiges,

exceedingly few, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 34, § 88:

in multas pecunias alienissimorum hominum invasit,

id. Phil. 2, 16, 41; id. Verr. 2, 5, 19, § 48:

multae pecuniae variis ex causis a privatis detinentur,

Plin. Ep. 10, 17, 3.—Sometimes multi stands for multi alii, many others:

nam certe Pompeio, et a Curionibus patre et filio, et a multis exprobratum est,

Suet. Caes. 50.—The sing. also is used poet. for the plur., many a:

aut trudit acres hinc et hinc multa cane Apros in obstantes plagas,

with many dogs, Hor. Epod. 2, 31:

multa prece prosequi,

id. C. 4, 5, 33:

multa victima,

Verg. E. 1, 34: agna. Ov. F. 4, 772:

avis,

id. Am. 3, 5, 4:

tabella,

Tib. 1, 3, 28; so of persons: multus sua vulnera puppi Affixit moriens, many a one, for multi affixerunt, Luc. 3, 707.—In sing., to denote quantity, much, great, abundant: multum aurum et argentum. Plaut. Rud. 5, 2, 8; 22:

exstructa mensa multa carne rancida,

Cic. Pis. 27, 67:

multo labore quaerere aliquid,

with much labor, great exertion, Cic. Sull. 26, 73:

cura,

Sall. J. 7, 4:

sol,

much sun, Plin. 31, 7, 39, § 81: sermo, much conversalion, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 20, 1: stilus tuus multi sudoris est. Cic. de Or. 1, 60, 257: multo cibo et potione completi, id. Tusc. 5, 35, 100:

multo sanguine ea Poenis victoria stetit,

Liv. 23, 30, 2:

multum sanguinem haurire,

Curt. 4, 14, 17; 8, 14, 32:

multam harenam mare evomit,

id. 4, 6, 8:

arbor,

id. 7, 4, 26:

silva,

id. 8, 10, 14:

multae vestis injectu opprimi,

Tac. A. 6, 50:

multa et lauta supellex,

Cic. Phil. 2, 27, 66:

aurum,

Sall. J. 13, 6; Tac. A. 6, 33; Liv. 26, 11, 9; Curt. 3, 3, 12:

libertas,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 5:

multam salutem dicere alicui,

to greet heartily, Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 194:

cum auro et argento multo,

Sall. J. 13, 6.—Of time:

Itaque multum diei processerat,

a great part of the day, Sall. J. 51, 2:

ad multum diem,

till far in the day, Cic. Att. 13, 9, 1:

multo adhuc die,

when much of the day was still remaining, when it was still high day, Tac. H. 2, 44:

multo denique die,

when the day was far spent, Caes. B. G. 1, 22:

multa nocte,

late at night, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 9, 2:

multo mane,

very early, id. Att. 5, 4, 1:

multa opinio, for multorum,

the general opinion, Gell. 3, 16, 1:

velut multa pace,

as in a general peace, as if there were peace everywhere, Tac. H. 4, 35:

multus homo,

one who gives himself up to the lusts of many, Cat. 112, 1.— multi, orum, m., the many, the common mass, the multitude: probis probatus potius, quam multis forem, Att. ap. Non. 519, 9:

video ego te, mulier, more multarum utier,

id. ib. —Esp.: unus e (or de) multis, one of the multitude, a man of no distinction:

tenuis L. Virginius unusque e multis,

Cic. Fin. 2, 20, 62:

unus de multis esse,

id. Off. 1, 30, 109: M. Calidius non fuit orator unus e multis;

potius inter multos prope singularis fuit,

id. Brut. 79, 274:

numerarer in multis,

among the herd of orators, id. ib. 97, 333:

e multis una sit tibi,

no better than others, Ov. R. Am. 682:

multum est,

it is of importance, Verg. G. 2, 272.—In neutr. absol.: ne multa, or ne multis, not to be prolix, in short:

ne multa: perquiritur a coactoribus,

Cic. Clu. 64, 181:

ne multis: Diogenes emitur,

id. ib. 16, 47:

quid multis moror?

Ter. And. 1, 1, 87.—Sometimes multa is used (particularly by the poets) adverbially, much, greatly, very:

multa reluctari,

Verg. G. 4, 301:

gemens,

id. ib. 3, 226; id. A. 5, 869:

deos testatus,

id. ib. 7, 593:

invehi,

Nep. Ep. 6, 1 (cf. nonnulla invehi, id. Tim. 5, 3):

haud multa moratus,

Verg. A. 3, 610.—Rarely in multum:

in multum velociores,

by far, Plin. 10, 36, 52, § 108.—

In partic.

Too much, overmuch, excessive:

supellex modica, non multa,

Nep. Att. 13, 5.—

In speech, much-speaking, diffuse, prolix:

qui in aliquo genere aut inconcinnus aut multus est,

Cic. de Or. 2, 4, 17:

ne in re nota et pervulgata multus et insolens sim,

id. ib. 2, 87, 358:

nolo in stellarum ratione multus vobis videri,

id. N. D. 2, 46, 119.—

Frequent, frequently present:

in operibus, in agmine, atque ad vigilias multus adesse,

Sall. J. 96, 3:

multus in eo proelio Caesar fuit,

was in many places, Flor. 4, 2, 50:

hen hercle hominem multum et odiosum mihi!

troublesome, tedious, Plaut. Men. 2, 2, 41:

instare,

Sall. J. 84, 1.—Hence, adv., in two forms.

multum, much, very much, greatly, very, often, frequently, far, etc. (class.):

salve multum, gnate mi,

Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 56:

multum vale,

farewell, id. Stich. 3, 2, 40:

hominem ineptum multum et odiosum mihi,

id. Men. 2, 2, 42:

opinor, Cassium uti non ita multum sorore,

not very much, Cic. Fam. 7, 23, 3:

multum mecum municipales homines loquuntur,

often, id. Att. 8, 13, 2:

non multum ille quidem nec saepe dicebat,

id. Brut. 34, 128:

non multum confidere,

not very much, not particularly, Caes. B. G. 3, 25:

sunt in venationibus,

often, frequently, id. ib. 4, 1:

in eodem genere causarum multum erat T. Juventius,

Cic. Brut. 48, 178:

multum fuisse cum aliquo,

to have had much intercourse with, id. Rep. 1, 10, 16:

sum multum equidem cum Phaedro in Epicuri hortis,

id. Fin. 5, 1, 3:

gratia valere,

to be in great favor, Nep. Con. 2, 1:

res multum et saepe quaesita,

Cic. Leg. 3, 15, 33:

longe omnes multumque superabit,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 44, § 115:

multum et diu cogitans,

id. Div. 2, 1, 1:

diu multumque scriptitare,

id. de Or. 1, 33, 152.—With an adj.:

multum loquaces,

very talkative, Plaut. Aul. 2, 1, 5:

mepti labores,

very, Plin. Ep. 1, 9.— Poet. also with comp.:

multum improbiores sunt quam a primo credidi,

much, far, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 139:

multum robustior illo,

Juv. 19, 197:

majora,

Sil. 13, 708.— So with infra, post:

haud multum infra viam,

Liv. 5, 37, 7; Plin. 98, 7, § 20:

haud multum post mortem ejus,

Tac. A. 5, 3:

ut multum,

at most, Mart. 10, 11, 6; Vop. Aur. 46.—

multō by much, much, a great deal, far, by far (class.).

With comparatives and verbs which imply comparison:

multo tanto carior,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 76:

pauciores oratores,

Cic. de Or. 1, 3, 11:

facilius atque expeditius iter,

Caes. B. G. 1, 6.—With verbs:

virtutem omnibus rebus multo anteponentes,

Cic. Fin. 4, 18, 49:

multo ceteros anteibant,

Tac. H. 4, 13:

multo praestat beneficii, quam maleficii immemorem esse,

Sall. J. 31, 28.—With malle:

multo mavolo,

Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 88; id. Ps. 2, 4, 38:

meo judicio multo stare malo, quam, etc.,

Cic. Att. 12, 21, 1.—

With sup. (rare but class.), by far, by much:

quae tibi mulier videtur multo sapientissuma,

Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 66; id. Am. 2, 2, 150: multo optimus hostis, by far, Lucil. ap. Non. 4, 413:

simulacrum multo antiquissimum,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 49, § 109; 2, 4, 23, § 50; id. Cat. 4, 8, 17:

maxima pars,

id. Imp. Pomp. 18, 54; cf. Hor. S. 2, 3, 82:

multo id bellum maximum fuit,

Liv. 1, 11, 5:

pars multo maxima,

id. 30, 18, 14: multo molestissima, Cic. Div. in. Caecil. 11, 36:

multo gratissima lux,

Hor. S. 1, 5, 39:

foedissimum,

Quint. 9, 4, 72:

optimum,

id. ib. 26:

pulcherrimum,

id. 1, 2, 24:

utilissima,

id. 2, 10, 1:

maxime,

Auct. Her. 4, 44, 58:

multo maxime miserabile,

Sall. C. 36, 4:

multo maxime ingenio validus,

id. J. 6, 1.—

With particles denoting a difference, far, greatly, very:

multo aliter,

Ter. And. prol. 4:

multo aliter ac sperabat,

far otherwise than, Nep. Ham. 2:

quod non multo secus fieret, si,

not far otherwise, not very different, Cic. Fam. 4, 9, 1: multo infra Cyrenaicum. Plin. 19, 3, 15, § 40. —

In specifications of time, before ante and post, long, much:

non multo ante urbem captam,

Cic. Div. 1, 45, 101:

non multo ante,

not long before, Nep. Eum. 3, 3:

multo ante,

Cic. Fam. 4, 1, 1:

non multo post, quam, etc.,

not long after, id. Att. 12, 49, 9:

haud multo ante solis occasum,

Liv. 5, 39, 2:

multo ante noctem,

id. 27, 42, 13.—

Very rarely with the positive for multum:

maligna multo,

very, Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 83 Umpf.—

Doubled, multo multoque, with comparatives:

multo multoque longior,

far, very much, Front. ad M. Caes. 2, 5:

multo multoque operosius est,

Val. Max. 4, 1, 2: multo multoque magis, Front. Laud. Negl. § 3.

Comp.: plūs, pluris; in the plur., plures, plura (in sing. anciently written plous; three times in the S. C. de Bacch. Here perh. belongs, in the plur., pleores and pleoris, for plures, in the Song of the Arval Brothers.—For the class. neuter of the plur., plura, the form pluria was used in ante-class. Latinity. Gellius cites M. Cato, Q. Claudius, Valerius Antias, L. AElius, P. Nigidius, and M. Varro as authorities for this form, Gell. 5, 21, 6; yet Plautus and Terence have only plura; and the earlier reading pluria, in Lucr. 1, 877; 2, 1135; 4, 1085, is now supplanted by the critically certain plura and plurima.—The gen. plur. plurium, however, has remained the predominant form, e. g. Quint. 7, 1, 1; 8, 4, 27; 9, 4, 66 et saep.) [from the root ple; Gr. pleon, pimplêmi; cf. plenus, plera, compleo, etc.; also locu-ples, plebes, populus, etc.], more.

In the sing. (used both substantively and adverbially): LIBRAS FARRIS ENDO DIES DATO. SI VOLET PLVS DATO, Fragm. XII. Tab. in Gell. 20, 1, 45: SI PLVS MINVSVE SECVERVNT, SE FRAVDE ESTO, ib.;

so (perh. in imitation of this legal phrase): ebeu, cur ego plus minusve feci quam aequom fuit!

Plaut. Capt. 5, 3, 18; Ter. Phorm. 3, 3, 21:

ne plus minusve loqueretur,

Suet. Aug. 84; cf. Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 27; and in the signif. of circiter, about: septingenti sunt paulo plus aut minus anni... postquam, etc., Enn. ap. Varr. R. R. 3, 1, 2 (Ann. v. 493 Vahl.);

so. non longius abesse plus minus octo milibus,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 20, 1 Oud.; cf.:

speranti plures... venerunt plusve minusve duae,

Mart. 8, 71, 4:

aut ne quid faciam plus, quod post me minus fecisse satius sit,

too much... too little, Ter. Hec. 5, 1, 4:

tantum et plus etiam ipse mihi deberet,

Cic. Att. 7, 3, 7:

vos et decem numero, et, quod plus est, Romani estis,

and what is more, Liv. 9, 24, 8:

verbane plus an sententia valere debeat,

Cic. Top. 25, 96: [p. 1174] cf.:

apud me argumenta plus quam testes valent,

id. Rep. 1, 38, 59:

valet enim salus plus quam libido,

id. ib. 1, 40, 63.—

With a partitive gen.:

vultis pecuniae plus habere,

Cic. Inv. 1, 47, 88; cf.:

nostri casus plus honoris habuerunt quam laboris,

id. Rep. 1, 4, 7; so,

plus virium,

id. Leg. 1, 2, 6:

plus hostium,

Liv. 2, 42:

plus dapis et rixae multo minus invidiaeque,

Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 51:

in hac causa eo plus auctoritatis habent, quia, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 3, 16, 26; cf.:

plus ingenii,

id. ib. 1, 14, 22:

Albano non plus animi erat quam fidei,

as little courage as fidelity, Liv. 1, 27, 5.—

With quam (some examples of which have already been given above):

non plus quam semel,

Cic. Off. 3, 15, 61:

confiteor eos... plus quam sicarios esse,

id. Phil. 2, 13, 31:

ne plus reddat quam acceperit,

id. Lael. 16, 58 et saep.:

non plus quam in tres partis posse distribui putaverunt,

into not more than, id. Inv. 1, 34, 57:

plus quam decem dies abesse,

id. Phil. 2, 13, 31:

nulla (navis) plus quam triginta remis agatur,

with more than, Liv. 38, 38, 8.—

Without quam:

HOMINES PLOVS V. OINVORSEI VIREI ATQVE MVLIERES, S. C. de Bacch. 19 (Wordsw. Fragm. and Spec. p. 173): plus mille capti,

Liv. 24, 44:

plus milies audivi,

Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 32: plus semel, Varr. ap. Plin. 14, 14, 17, § 96:

plus quingentos colaphos infregit mihi,

Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 46:

ferre plus dimidiati mensis cibaria,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 16, 37:

non plus mille quingentos aeris,

id. Rep. 2, 22, 40:

paulo plus ducentos passus a castris,

Liv. 31, 34:

cum plus annum aeger fuisset,

id. 40, 2:

parte plus dimidia rem auctam,

id. 29, 25.—

With a compar. or adverbial abl., or with an abl. of measure:

VIREI PLOVS DVOBVS, S. C. de Bacch. 20 (Wordsw. Fragm. and Spec. p. 173): de paupertate tacentes Plus poscente ferent,

more than the importunate, Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 44:

ex his alius alio plus habet virium,

Cic. Leg. 1, 2, 6: cave putes hoc tempore plus me quemquam cruciari, Balb. ap. Cic. Att. 8, 15, A, 2:

alterum certe non potest, ut plus una vera sit,

Cic. N. D. 1, 2, 5; cf.:

in columba plures videri colores, nec esse plus uno,

id. Ac. 2, 25, 79: HOC PLVS NE FACITO, more than this, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Cic. Leg. 2, 23, 59:

annos sexaginta natus es Aut plus eo,

or more than that, Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 11:

plus aequo,

Cic. Lael. 16, 58:

plus paulo,

Ter. Heaut. 2, 1, 8:

paulo plus,

Liv. 31, 34: multo plus, Anton. ap. Cic. Att. 10, 8, A, 1:

plus nimio,

overmuch, Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 30: quam molestum est uno digito plus habere, too much by a finger, i. e. a finger too much, Cic. N. D. 1, 35, 99:

uno plus Etruscorum cecidisse in acie,

one man more, Liv. 2, 7, 2.—

In the gen. pretii, pluris, of more value, of a higher price, for more, higher, dearer:

ut plus reddant musti et olei, et pretii pluris,

of greater value, Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 4:

ager multo pluris est,

is worth much more, Cic. Rosc. Com. 12, 33; cf.:

quo pluris sint nostra oliveta,

id. Rep. 3, 9, 16:

pluris emere,

dearer, id. Fam. 7, 2, 1; so,

vendere,

id. Off. 3, 12, 51; id. Verr. 2, 3, 19, § 48; Hor. S. 2, 3, 300:

aedificare,

Col. 1, 4, 7:

pluris est oculatus testis quam auriti decem,

of more value, Plaut. Truc. 2, 6, 8:

mea mihi conscientia pluris est, quam omnium sermo,

Cic. Att. 12, 28, 2:

facio pluris omnium hominem neminem,

id. ib. 8, 2, 4:

facere aliquem pluris,

make more of one, esteem him more highly, id. Fam. 3, 4, 2:

pluris habere,

id. Phil. 6, 4, 10:

aestimare,

id. Par. 6, 2, 48:

ducere,

id. Att. 7, 3, 5:

putare,

id. Off. 3, 4, 18 et saep.—

Rarely, instead of the genitive, in the abl. pretii: plure vendunt, Lucil. ap. Charis. 2, p. 189 P.: plure altero tanto, quanto ejus fundus est, velim, Plaut. ib.: plure venit, Cic. ib.—

Plus plusque, more and more: quem mehercule plus plusque in dies diligo. Cic. Att. 6, 2, 10.—

Like magis, with an adj.:

plus formosus, for formosior,

Nemes. Ecl. 4, 72.—

In the plur.

Comparatively, more in number:

omnes qui aere alieno premantur, quos plures esse intellego quam putaram,

Cic. Att. 7, 3, 5; id. Rep. 2, 22, 40:

nemini ego plura acerba esse credo ex amore homini umquam oblata quam mihi,

Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 1:

ne plura insignia essent imperii in libero populo quam in regno fuissent,

Cic. Rep. 2, 31, 55:

multo plura,

many more things, Quint. 3, 6, 28.—

In gen., of a great number, many: qui plus fore dicant in pluribus consilii quam in uno. Cic. Rep. 1, 35, 55: cf.: quid quaeso interest inter unum et plures, si justitia est in pluribus? id. ib. 1, 39, 61;

1, 34, 52: non possunt una in civitate multi rem ac fortunas amittere, ut non plures secum in eandem trahant calamitatem,

id. Imp. Pomp. 7, 19:

quod pluribus praesentibus eas res jactari nolebat,

Caes. B. G. 1, 18:

plura castella Pompeius tentaverat,

id. B. C. 3, 52:

summus dolor plures dies manere non potest,

Cic. Fin. 2, 28, 93:

pluribus diebus, Quint. prooem. § 7: illic plurium rerum est congeries,

id. 8, 4, 27:

quae consuetudo sit, pluribus verbis docere,

Cic. Clu. 41, 115:

eum pluribus verbis rogat, ut, etc.,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 28, § 64;

without verba: quid ego plura dicam?

id. de Or. 1, 5, 18:

pluribus haec exsecutus sum,

Phaedr. 3, 10, 59;

also elliptically, quid plura? and, ne plura, like quid multa? and ne multa: hic sacra, hic genus, hic majorum multa vestigia. Quid plura? hanc vides villam, etc.,

what need of many words? in short, Cic. Leg. 2, 1, 3:

sed—ne plura—dicendum enim aliquando est—Pomponium Atticum sic amo, ut alterum fratrem,

id. Fam. 13, 1, 5.—

Esp.: plures.

The mass, the multitude, opp. pauciores, = hoi oligoi, Plaut. Trin. 1, 1, 13.—

Euphemistically, acc. to the Gr. hoi pleiones, the dead:

quin prius Me ad plures penetravi?

Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 14.—

The greater number, the majority:

plures nesciebant qua ex causa convenissent,

Vulg. Act. 19, 32.

Sup.: plūrĭmus (archaic form, plisima plurima, Paul. ex Fest. p. 204 and 205 Mull.: PLIOIRVME (I), Epit. of Scipio), a, um [from root ple; whence also plus, q. v., ploirumus for ploisumus; and thence the predominant form plurimus], most, very much, or many (as an adj. in good prose mostly in the plur., except the standing formula of greeting: salutem plurimam dicere alicui; v. infra):

hujus sunt plurima simulacra,

Caes. B. G. 6, 17:

nos plurimis ignotissimi gentibus,

Cic. Rep. 1, 17, 26:

plurimae et maximae partes,

id. ib. 1, 4, 8:

plurimorum seculorum memoria,

id. ib. 3, 9, 14:

haec plurimis a me verbis dicta sunt,

id. ib. 1, 7, 12 et saep.—In sing.:

me plurima praeda onustum,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 2, 4:

sermo,

Quint. 2, 2, 5:

risus,

id. 6, 3, 85:

res,

id. 6, 1, 51:

exercitatio,

id. 8 prooem. §

28: mons,

very large, Verg. A. 1, 419:

cervix,

id. G. 3, 52:

Aetna,

Ov. Ib. 600.—Of a greeting: impertit salutem plurimam, Lucil. ap. Non. 472. 16; and esp. freq.: salutem plurimam dicit (commonly abbrev. S. P. D.) at the beginning of letters; v. salus.— Poet.:

medio cum plurimus orbe Sol erat,

very powerful, oppressive, Ov. M. 14, 53: plurima qua silva est. thickest, id. ib. 14, 361:

coma plurima,

very thick, id. ib. 13, 844:

sed plurima nantis in ore Alcyone conjux,

mostly, chiefly, id. ib. 11, 562.—And collect.:

plurimus in Junonis honorem Aptum dicet equis Argos,

many a one, very many, Hor. C. 1, 7, 8; so,

oleaster plurimus,

Verg. G. 2, 183:

qua plurima mittitur ales,

Mart. 9, 56, 1:

plurima lecta rosa est,

Ov. F. 4, 441.— In neutr. absol. (substant. or adverb.):

ut haberet quam plurimum,

as much as possible, Cic. Rab. Post. 14, 39:

caput autem est, quam plurimum scribere,

id. de Or. 1, 33, 150:

ut in quoque oratore plurimum esset,

id. Rep. 1, 27, 123.— Adv.: plūrĭmum:

et is valebat in suffragio plurimum, cujus plurimum intererat, esse in optimo statu civitatem,

Cic. Rep. 2, 22, 40:

auspiciis plurimum obsecutus est Romulus,

id. ib. 2, 9, 16:

si vero populus plurimum potest,

id. ib. 3, 14, 23; cf.:

qui apud me dignitate plurimum possunt,

id. Rosc. Am. 1, 4:

plurimum aliis praestare,

id. Inv. 2, 1, 1:

ut te plurimum diligam,

id. Fam. 1, 7, 1; id. Tusc. 5, 27, 78:

hoc ego utor uno omnium plurimum,

id. Fam. 11, 16, 2:

quantum (al. quanto) plurimum possunt,

Quint. 11, 3, 120: plurimum quantum also signifies very much indeed, exceedingly (post-class.):

plurimum quantum veritati nocuere,

Min. Fel. Oct. 22:

gratulor,

id. ib. 40:

(elleborum) ex aqua datur plurimum drachma,

at the most, Plin. 25, 5, 22, § 54; 9, 36, 60, § 125; 30, 6, 16, § 48; so,

cum plurimum,

id. 2, 17, 15, § 78 (opp. to cum minimum); 18, 7, 10, § 60: nec tam numerosa differentia; tribus ut plurimum bonitatibus distat, for the most part, commonly, usually, = plerumque, Plin. 15, 3, 4, § 18.—

In neutr. with a partit. gen.: sententiarum et gravitatis plurimum, Cic. Inv. 1, 18, 25:

artis,

Quint. 10, 5, 3:

auctoritatis et ponderis,

id. 9, 4, 91:

ut laboris sic utilitatis etiam longe plurimum,

id. 10, 3, 1:

virtutum,

id. 12, 1, 20 plurimum quantum favoris partibus dabat fratermtas ducum, Flor. 4, 2, 74.—

In the gen. pretii:

plurimi: immo unice unum plurimi pendit,

values very highly, esteems very much, Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 29:

quem unum Alexander plurimi fecerat,

Nep. Eum. 2, 2:

ut quisque quod plurimi est possidet,

Cic. Par. 6, 2, 48.

multus (old form moltus), a, um; comp. plus; sup. plurimus (v. at the end of this art.), adj. [etym. dub.], much, great, many, of things corporeal and incorporeal.

In gen.: multi mortales, Cato ap. Gell. 10, 3, 17: multi suam rem [p. 1173] bene gessere: multi qui, etc., Enn. ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 6, 1 (Trag. v. 295 sq. Vahl.):

multi fortissimi viri,

Cic. Fam. 5, 17, 3:

rationes,

id. de Or. 1, 51, 222. tam multis verbis scribere, at such length, id. Fam. 3, 8, 1:

beneficia. Cato ap. Fest. s. v. ratissima, p. 286 Mull.: multi alii,

Ter. And. 5, 4, 28.—When used with another adjective it is usually connected with it by a conjunction:

multae et magnae contentiones,

many great conlests, Cic. Phil. 2, 3, 7; 3, 10, 26:

O multas et graves offensiones,

id. Att. 11, 7, 3:

multi et graves dolores,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 45, § 119:

multi et varii timores,

Liv. 3, 16, 3:

multae bonaeque artes animi,

Sall. J. 28, 5:

multa et clara facinora,

Tac. A. 12, 31.—But when the second adjective is used substantively the conjunction is omitted:

multi improbi,

Cic. Off. 2, 8, 28; 2, 19, 65:

multi boni, docti, prudentes,

id. Fl. 4, 8:

multi nobiles,

id. Planc. 20, 50:

multa acerba habuit ille annus,

id. Sest. 27, 58; 66, 139:

multa infanda,

Liv. 28, 12, 5:

multa falsa,

id. 35, 23, 2.—Also, when the second adjective forms with its substantive a single conception:

multa secunda proelia,

victories, Liv. 9, 42, 5; 35, 1, 3; 41, 17, 1:

multa libera capita,

freemen, id. 42, 41, 11:

multae liberae civitates,

republics, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 30, § 68:

multos fortes viros,

id. Cat. 3, 2, 7; id. Mur. 8, 17:

multi clari viri,

noblemen, id. Leg. 1, 5, 17:

multi primarii viri,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 61, § 149.—Similarly, et is omitted between multi and adjectives which form with their substantives familiar phrases:

multi clarissimi viri,

Cic. Phil. 11, 10, 24:

multi amplissimi viri,

id. Fin. 2, 17, 55; id. Deiot. 14, 39; id. Fam. 10, 25, 2; id. Att. 10, 8, 7; 16, 16, 11; id. Verr. 1, 7, 19:

multi honestissimi homines,

id. Fam. 15, 15, 3:

multi peritissimi homines,

id. Caecin. 24, 69:

multi summi homines,

id. Arch. 12, 30; id. Har. Resp. 26, 56:

multi clarissimi et sapientissimi viri,

id. Planc. 4, 11; id. Cael. 18, 43.—Et is also omitted when the substantive stands between the two adjectives:

in veteribus patronis multis,

Cic. Div. in Caecil. 1, 2:

multa praeterea bella gravia,

id. Agr. 2, 33, 90:

multis suppliciis justis,

id. Cat. 1, 8, 20:

multa majores nostri magna et gravia bella gesserunt,

id. Imp. Pomp. 2, 6:

plurima signa pulcherrima,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 23, § 61.—When both adjectives follow the substantive, et is sometimes inserted:

virtutes animi multae et magnae,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 22, 64:

causas ille multas et graves habuit,

id. Clu. 30, 82;

and is sometimes omitted, the emphasis then falling on the second adjective: utebatur hominibus improbis, multis,

id. Cael. 5, 12:

prodigia multa, foeda,

Liv. 40, 29, 1.—With a partitive gen.:

multi hominum,

Plin. 16, 25, 40, § 96:

multae silvestrium arborum,

id. 16, 31, 56, § 128.—In neutr. plur.: multa, orum, many things, much:

nimium multa,

Cic. Fam. 4, 14, 3:

nimis multa,

id. Fin. 2, 18, 57:

insulae non ita multae,

not so many, not so very many, Plin. 5, 7, 7, § 41:

parum multa scire,

too few, Auct. Her. 1, 1, 1: bene multi, a good many, Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 4:

quam minime multa vestigia servitutis,

as few as possible, Nep. Tim. 3, 3:

minime multi remiges,

exceedingly few, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 34, § 88:

in multas pecunias alienissimorum hominum invasit,

id. Phil. 2, 16, 41; id. Verr. 2, 5, 19, § 48:

multae pecuniae variis ex causis a privatis detinentur,

Plin. Ep. 10, 17, 3.—Sometimes multi stands for multi alii, many others:

nam certe Pompeio, et a Curionibus patre et filio, et a multis exprobratum est,

Suet. Caes. 50.—The sing. also is used poet. for the plur., many a:

aut trudit acres hinc et hinc multa cane Apros in obstantes plagas,

with many dogs, Hor. Epod. 2, 31:

multa prece prosequi,

id. C. 4, 5, 33:

multa victima,

Verg. E. 1, 34: agna. Ov. F. 4, 772:

avis,

id. Am. 3, 5, 4:

tabella,

Tib. 1, 3, 28; so of persons: multus sua vulnera puppi Affixit moriens, many a one, for multi affixerunt, Luc. 3, 707.—In sing., to denote quantity, much, great, abundant: multum aurum et argentum. Plaut. Rud. 5, 2, 8; 22:

exstructa mensa multa carne rancida,

Cic. Pis. 27, 67:

multo labore quaerere aliquid,

with much labor, great exertion, Cic. Sull. 26, 73:

cura,

Sall. J. 7, 4:

sol,

much sun, Plin. 31, 7, 39, § 81: sermo, much conversalion, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 20, 1: stilus tuus multi sudoris est. Cic. de Or. 1, 60, 257: multo cibo et potione completi, id. Tusc. 5, 35, 100:

multo sanguine ea Poenis victoria stetit,

Liv. 23, 30, 2:

multum sanguinem haurire,

Curt. 4, 14, 17; 8, 14, 32:

multam harenam mare evomit,

id. 4, 6, 8:

arbor,

id. 7, 4, 26:

silva,

id. 8, 10, 14:

multae vestis injectu opprimi,

Tac. A. 6, 50:

multa et lauta supellex,

Cic. Phil. 2, 27, 66:

aurum,

Sall. J. 13, 6; Tac. A. 6, 33; Liv. 26, 11, 9; Curt. 3, 3, 12:

libertas,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 5:

multam salutem dicere alicui,

to greet heartily, Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 194:

cum auro et argento multo,

Sall. J. 13, 6.—Of time:

Itaque multum diei processerat,

a great part of the day, Sall. J. 51, 2:

ad multum diem,

till far in the day, Cic. Att. 13, 9, 1:

multo adhuc die,

when much of the day was still remaining, when it was still high day, Tac. H. 2, 44:

multo denique die,

when the day was far spent, Caes. B. G. 1, 22:

multa nocte,

late at night, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 9, 2:

multo mane,

very early, id. Att. 5, 4, 1:

multa opinio, for multorum,

the general opinion, Gell. 3, 16, 1:

velut multa pace,

as in a general peace, as if there were peace everywhere, Tac. H. 4, 35:

multus homo,

one who gives himself up to the lusts of many, Cat. 112, 1.— multi, orum, m., the many, the common mass, the multitude: probis probatus potius, quam multis forem, Att. ap. Non. 519, 9:

video ego te, mulier, more multarum utier,

id. ib. —Esp.: unus e (or de) multis, one of the multitude, a man of no distinction:

tenuis L. Virginius unusque e multis,

Cic. Fin. 2, 20, 62:

unus de multis esse,

id. Off. 1, 30, 109: M. Calidius non fuit orator unus e multis;

potius inter multos prope singularis fuit,

id. Brut. 79, 274:

numerarer in multis,

among the herd of orators, id. ib. 97, 333:

e multis una sit tibi,

no better than others, Ov. R. Am. 682:

multum est,

it is of importance, Verg. G. 2, 272.—In neutr. absol.: ne multa, or ne multis, not to be prolix, in short:

ne multa: perquiritur a coactoribus,

Cic. Clu. 64, 181:

ne multis: Diogenes emitur,

id. ib. 16, 47:

quid multis moror?

Ter. And. 1, 1, 87.—Sometimes multa is used (particularly by the poets) adverbially, much, greatly, very:

multa reluctari,

Verg. G. 4, 301:

gemens,

id. ib. 3, 226; id. A. 5, 869:

deos testatus,

id. ib. 7, 593:

invehi,

Nep. Ep. 6, 1 (cf. nonnulla invehi, id. Tim. 5, 3):

haud multa moratus,

Verg. A. 3, 610.—Rarely in multum:

in multum velociores,

by far, Plin. 10, 36, 52, § 108.—

In partic.

Too much, overmuch, excessive:

supellex modica, non multa,

Nep. Att. 13, 5.—

In speech, much-speaking, diffuse, prolix:

qui in aliquo genere aut inconcinnus aut multus est,

Cic. de Or. 2, 4, 17:

ne in re nota et pervulgata multus et insolens sim,

id. ib. 2, 87, 358:

nolo in stellarum ratione multus vobis videri,

id. N. D. 2, 46, 119.—

Frequent, frequently present:

in operibus, in agmine, atque ad vigilias multus adesse,

Sall. J. 96, 3:

multus in eo proelio Caesar fuit,

was in many places, Flor. 4, 2, 50:

hen hercle hominem multum et odiosum mihi!

troublesome, tedious, Plaut. Men. 2, 2, 41:

instare,

Sall. J. 84, 1.—Hence, adv., in two forms.

multum, much, very much, greatly, very, often, frequently, far, etc. (class.):

salve multum, gnate mi,

Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 56:

multum vale,

farewell, id. Stich. 3, 2, 40:

hominem ineptum multum et odiosum mihi,

id. Men. 2, 2, 42:

opinor, Cassium uti non ita multum sorore,

not very much, Cic. Fam. 7, 23, 3:

multum mecum municipales homines loquuntur,

often, id. Att. 8, 13, 2:

non multum ille quidem nec saepe dicebat,

id. Brut. 34, 128:

non multum confidere,

not very much, not particularly, Caes. B. G. 3, 25:

sunt in venationibus,

often, frequently, id. ib. 4, 1:

in eodem genere causarum multum erat T. Juventius,

Cic. Brut. 48, 178:

multum fuisse cum aliquo,

to have had much intercourse with, id. Rep. 1, 10, 16:

sum multum equidem cum Phaedro in Epicuri hortis,

id. Fin. 5, 1, 3:

gratia valere,

to be in great favor, Nep. Con. 2, 1:

res multum et saepe quaesita,

Cic. Leg. 3, 15, 33:

longe omnes multumque superabit,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 44, § 115:

multum et diu cogitans,

id. Div. 2, 1, 1:

diu multumque scriptitare,

id. de Or. 1, 33, 152.—With an adj.:

multum loquaces,

very talkative, Plaut. Aul. 2, 1, 5:

mepti labores,

very, Plin. Ep. 1, 9.— Poet. also with comp.:

multum improbiores sunt quam a primo credidi,

much, far, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 139:

multum robustior illo,

Juv. 19, 197:

majora,

Sil. 13, 708.— So with infra, post:

haud multum infra viam,

Liv. 5, 37, 7; Plin. 98, 7, § 20:

haud multum post mortem ejus,

Tac. A. 5, 3:

ut multum,

at most, Mart. 10, 11, 6; Vop. Aur. 46.—

multō by much, much, a great deal, far, by far (class.).

With comparatives and verbs which imply comparison:

multo tanto carior,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 76:

pauciores oratores,

Cic. de Or. 1, 3, 11:

facilius atque expeditius iter,

Caes. B. G. 1, 6.—With verbs:

virtutem omnibus rebus multo anteponentes,

Cic. Fin. 4, 18, 49:

multo ceteros anteibant,

Tac. H. 4, 13:

multo praestat beneficii, quam maleficii immemorem esse,

Sall. J. 31, 28.—With malle:

multo mavolo,

Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 88; id. Ps. 2, 4, 38:

meo judicio multo stare malo, quam, etc.,

Cic. Att. 12, 21, 1.—

With sup. (rare but class.), by far, by much:

quae tibi mulier videtur multo sapientissuma,

Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 66; id. Am. 2, 2, 150: multo optimus hostis, by far, Lucil. ap. Non. 4, 413:

simulacrum multo antiquissimum,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 49, § 109; 2, 4, 23, § 50; id. Cat. 4, 8, 17:

maxima pars,

id. Imp. Pomp. 18, 54; cf. Hor. S. 2, 3, 82:

multo id bellum maximum fuit,

Liv. 1, 11, 5:

pars multo maxima,

id. 30, 18, 14: multo molestissima, Cic. Div. in. Caecil. 11, 36:

multo gratissima lux,

Hor. S. 1, 5, 39:

foedissimum,

Quint. 9, 4, 72:

optimum,

id. ib. 26:

pulcherrimum,

id. 1, 2, 24:

utilissima,

id. 2, 10, 1:

maxime,

Auct. Her. 4, 44, 58:

multo maxime miserabile,

Sall. C. 36, 4:

multo maxime ingenio validus,

id. J. 6, 1.—

With particles denoting a difference, far, greatly, very:

multo aliter,

Ter. And. prol. 4:

multo aliter ac sperabat,

far otherwise than, Nep. Ham. 2:

quod non multo secus fieret, si,

not far otherwise, not very different, Cic. Fam. 4, 9, 1: multo infra Cyrenaicum. Plin. 19, 3, 15, § 40. —

In specifications of time, before ante and post, long, much:

non multo ante urbem captam,

Cic. Div. 1, 45, 101:

non multo ante,

not long before, Nep. Eum. 3, 3:

multo ante,

Cic. Fam. 4, 1, 1:

non multo post, quam, etc.,

not long after, id. Att. 12, 49, 9:

haud multo ante solis occasum,

Liv. 5, 39, 2:

multo ante noctem,

id. 27, 42, 13.—

Very rarely with the positive for multum:

maligna multo,

very, Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 83 Umpf.—

Doubled, multo multoque, with comparatives:

multo multoque longior,

far, very much, Front. ad M. Caes. 2, 5:

multo multoque operosius est,

Val. Max. 4, 1, 2: multo multoque magis, Front. Laud. Negl. § 3.

Comp.: plūs, pluris; in the plur., plures, plura (in sing. anciently written plous; three times in the S. C. de Bacch. Here perh. belongs, in the plur., pleores and pleoris, for plures, in the Song of the Arval Brothers.—For the class. neuter of the plur., plura, the form pluria was used in ante-class. Latinity. Gellius cites M. Cato, Q. Claudius, Valerius Antias, L. AElius, P. Nigidius, and M. Varro as authorities for this form, Gell. 5, 21, 6; yet Plautus and Terence have only plura; and the earlier reading pluria, in Lucr. 1, 877; 2, 1135; 4, 1085, is now supplanted by the critically certain plura and plurima.—The gen. plur. plurium, however, has remained the predominant form, e. g. Quint. 7, 1, 1; 8, 4, 27; 9, 4, 66 et saep.) [from the root ple; Gr. pleon, pimplêmi; cf. plenus, plera, compleo, etc.; also locu-ples, plebes, populus, etc.], more.

In the sing. (used both substantively and adverbially): LIBRAS FARRIS ENDO DIES DATO. SI VOLET PLVS DATO, Fragm. XII. Tab. in Gell. 20, 1, 45: SI PLVS MINVSVE SECVERVNT, SE FRAVDE ESTO, ib.;

so (perh. in imitation of this legal phrase): ebeu, cur ego plus minusve feci quam aequom fuit!

Plaut. Capt. 5, 3, 18; Ter. Phorm. 3, 3, 21:

ne plus minusve loqueretur,

Suet. Aug. 84; cf. Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 27; and in the signif. of circiter, about: septingenti sunt paulo plus aut minus anni... postquam, etc., Enn. ap. Varr. R. R. 3, 1, 2 (Ann. v. 493 Vahl.);

so. non longius abesse plus minus octo milibus,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 20, 1 Oud.; cf.:

speranti plures... venerunt plusve minusve duae,

Mart. 8, 71, 4:

aut ne quid faciam plus, quod post me minus fecisse satius sit,

too much... too little, Ter. Hec. 5, 1, 4:

tantum et plus etiam ipse mihi deberet,

Cic. Att. 7, 3, 7:

vos et decem numero, et, quod plus est, Romani estis,

and what is more, Liv. 9, 24, 8:

verbane plus an sententia valere debeat,

Cic. Top. 25, 96: [p. 1174] cf.:

apud me argumenta plus quam testes valent,

id. Rep. 1, 38, 59:

valet enim salus plus quam libido,

id. ib. 1, 40, 63.—

With a partitive gen.:

vultis pecuniae plus habere,

Cic. Inv. 1, 47, 88; cf.:

nostri casus plus honoris habuerunt quam laboris,

id. Rep. 1, 4, 7; so,

plus virium,

id. Leg. 1, 2, 6:

plus hostium,

Liv. 2, 42:

plus dapis et rixae multo minus invidiaeque,

Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 51:

in hac causa eo plus auctoritatis habent, quia, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 3, 16, 26; cf.:

plus ingenii,

id. ib. 1, 14, 22:

Albano non plus animi erat quam fidei,

as little courage as fidelity, Liv. 1, 27, 5.—

With quam (some examples of which have already been given above):

non plus quam semel,

Cic. Off. 3, 15, 61:

confiteor eos... plus quam sicarios esse,

id. Phil. 2, 13, 31:

ne plus reddat quam acceperit,

id. Lael. 16, 58 et saep.:

non plus quam in tres partis posse distribui putaverunt,

into not more than, id. Inv. 1, 34, 57:

plus quam decem dies abesse,

id. Phil. 2, 13, 31:

nulla (navis) plus quam triginta remis agatur,

with more than, Liv. 38, 38, 8.—

Without quam:

HOMINES PLOVS V. OINVORSEI VIREI ATQVE MVLIERES, S. C. de Bacch. 19 (Wordsw. Fragm. and Spec. p. 173): plus mille capti,

Liv. 24, 44:

plus milies audivi,

Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 32: plus semel, Varr. ap. Plin. 14, 14, 17, § 96:

plus quingentos colaphos infregit mihi,

Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 46:

ferre plus dimidiati mensis cibaria,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 16, 37:

non plus mille quingentos aeris,

id. Rep. 2, 22, 40:

paulo plus ducentos passus a castris,

Liv. 31, 34:

cum plus annum aeger fuisset,

id. 40, 2:

parte plus dimidia rem auctam,

id. 29, 25.—

With a compar. or adverbial abl., or with an abl. of measure:

VIREI PLOVS DVOBVS, S. C. de Bacch. 20 (Wordsw. Fragm. and Spec. p. 173): de paupertate tacentes Plus poscente ferent,

more than the importunate, Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 44:

ex his alius alio plus habet virium,

Cic. Leg. 1, 2, 6: cave putes hoc tempore plus me quemquam cruciari, Balb. ap. Cic. Att. 8, 15, A, 2:

alterum certe non potest, ut plus una vera sit,

Cic. N. D. 1, 2, 5; cf.:

in columba plures videri colores, nec esse plus uno,

id. Ac. 2, 25, 79: HOC PLVS NE FACITO, more than this, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Cic. Leg. 2, 23, 59:

annos sexaginta natus es Aut plus eo,

or more than that, Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 11:

plus aequo,

Cic. Lael. 16, 58:

plus paulo,

Ter. Heaut. 2, 1, 8:

paulo plus,

Liv. 31, 34: multo plus, Anton. ap. Cic. Att. 10, 8, A, 1:

plus nimio,

overmuch, Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 30: quam molestum est uno digito plus habere, too much by a finger, i. e. a finger too much, Cic. N. D. 1, 35, 99:

uno plus Etruscorum cecidisse in acie,

one man more, Liv. 2, 7, 2.—

In the gen. pretii, pluris, of more value, of a higher price, for more, higher, dearer:

ut plus reddant musti et olei, et pretii pluris,

of greater value, Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 4:

ager multo pluris est,

is worth much more, Cic. Rosc. Com. 12, 33; cf.:

quo pluris sint nostra oliveta,

id. Rep. 3, 9, 16:

pluris emere,

dearer, id. Fam. 7, 2, 1; so,

vendere,

id. Off. 3, 12, 51; id. Verr. 2, 3, 19, § 48; Hor. S. 2, 3, 300:

aedificare,

Col. 1, 4, 7:

pluris est oculatus testis quam auriti decem,

of more value, Plaut. Truc. 2, 6, 8:

mea mihi conscientia pluris est, quam omnium sermo,

Cic. Att. 12, 28, 2:

facio pluris omnium hominem neminem,

id. ib. 8, 2, 4:

facere aliquem pluris,

make more of one, esteem him more highly, id. Fam. 3, 4, 2:

pluris habere,

id. Phil. 6, 4, 10:

aestimare,

id. Par. 6, 2, 48:

ducere,

id. Att. 7, 3, 5:

putare,

id. Off. 3, 4, 18 et saep.—

Rarely, instead of the genitive, in the abl. pretii: plure vendunt, Lucil. ap. Charis. 2, p. 189 P.: plure altero tanto, quanto ejus fundus est, velim, Plaut. ib.: plure venit, Cic. ib.—

Plus plusque, more and more: quem mehercule plus plusque in dies diligo. Cic. Att. 6, 2, 10.—

Like magis, with an adj.:

plus formosus, for formosior,

Nemes. Ecl. 4, 72.—

In the plur.

Comparatively, more in number:

omnes qui aere alieno premantur, quos plures esse intellego quam putaram,

Cic. Att. 7, 3, 5; id. Rep. 2, 22, 40:

nemini ego plura acerba esse credo ex amore homini umquam oblata quam mihi,

Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 1:

ne plura insignia essent imperii in libero populo quam in regno fuissent,

Cic. Rep. 2, 31, 55:

multo plura,

many more things, Quint. 3, 6, 28.—

In gen., of a great number, many: qui plus fore dicant in pluribus consilii quam in uno. Cic. Rep. 1, 35, 55: cf.: quid quaeso interest inter unum et plures, si justitia est in pluribus? id. ib. 1, 39, 61;

1, 34, 52: non possunt una in civitate multi rem ac fortunas amittere, ut non plures secum in eandem trahant calamitatem,

id. Imp. Pomp. 7, 19:

quod pluribus praesentibus eas res jactari nolebat,

Caes. B. G. 1, 18:

plura castella Pompeius tentaverat,

id. B. C. 3, 52:

summus dolor plures dies manere non potest,

Cic. Fin. 2, 28, 93:

pluribus diebus, Quint. prooem. § 7: illic plurium rerum est congeries,

id. 8, 4, 27:

quae consuetudo sit, pluribus verbis docere,

Cic. Clu. 41, 115:

eum pluribus verbis rogat, ut, etc.,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 28, § 64;

without verba: quid ego plura dicam?

id. de Or. 1, 5, 18:

pluribus haec exsecutus sum,

Phaedr. 3, 10, 59;

also elliptically, quid plura? and, ne plura, like quid multa? and ne multa: hic sacra, hic genus, hic majorum multa vestigia. Quid plura? hanc vides villam, etc.,

what need of many words? in short, Cic. Leg. 2, 1, 3:

sed—ne plura—dicendum enim aliquando est—Pomponium Atticum sic amo, ut alterum fratrem,

id. Fam. 13, 1, 5.—

Esp.: plures.

The mass, the multitude, opp. pauciores, = hoi oligoi, Plaut. Trin. 1, 1, 13.—

Euphemistically, acc. to the Gr. hoi pleiones, the dead:

quin prius Me ad plures penetravi?

Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 14.—

The greater number, the majority:

plures nesciebant qua ex causa convenissent,

Vulg. Act. 19, 32.

Sup.: plūrĭmus (archaic form, plisima plurima, Paul. ex Fest. p. 204 and 205 Mull.: PLIOIRVME (I), Epit. of Scipio), a, um [from root ple; whence also plus, q. v., ploirumus for ploisumus; and thence the predominant form plurimus], most, very much, or many (as an adj. in good prose mostly in the plur., except the standing formula of greeting: salutem plurimam dicere alicui; v. infra):

hujus sunt plurima simulacra,

Caes. B. G. 6, 17:

nos plurimis ignotissimi gentibus,

Cic. Rep. 1, 17, 26:

plurimae et maximae partes,

id. ib. 1, 4, 8:

plurimorum seculorum memoria,

id. ib. 3, 9, 14:

haec plurimis a me verbis dicta sunt,

id. ib. 1, 7, 12 et saep.—In sing.:

me plurima praeda onustum,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 2, 4:

sermo,

Quint. 2, 2, 5:

risus,

id. 6, 3, 85:

res,

id. 6, 1, 51:

exercitatio,

id. 8 prooem. §

28: mons,

very large, Verg. A. 1, 419:

cervix,

id. G. 3, 52:

Aetna,

Ov. Ib. 600.—Of a greeting: impertit salutem plurimam, Lucil. ap. Non. 472. 16; and esp. freq.: salutem plurimam dicit (commonly abbrev. S. P. D.) at the beginning of letters; v. salus.— Poet.:

medio cum plurimus orbe Sol erat,

very powerful, oppressive, Ov. M. 14, 53: plurima qua silva est. thickest, id. ib. 14, 361:

coma plurima,

very thick, id. ib. 13, 844:

sed plurima nantis in ore Alcyone conjux,

mostly, chiefly, id. ib. 11, 562.—And collect.:

plurimus in Junonis honorem Aptum dicet equis Argos,

many a one, very many, Hor. C. 1, 7, 8; so,

oleaster plurimus,

Verg. G. 2, 183:

qua plurima mittitur ales,

Mart. 9, 56, 1:

plurima lecta rosa est,

Ov. F. 4, 441.— In neutr. absol. (substant. or adverb.):

ut haberet quam plurimum,

as much as possible, Cic. Rab. Post. 14, 39:

caput autem est, quam plurimum scribere,

id. de Or. 1, 33, 150:

ut in quoque oratore plurimum esset,

id. Rep. 1, 27, 123.— Adv.: plūrĭmum:

et is valebat in suffragio plurimum, cujus plurimum intererat, esse in optimo statu civitatem,

Cic. Rep. 2, 22, 40:

auspiciis plurimum obsecutus est Romulus,

id. ib. 2, 9, 16:

si vero populus plurimum potest,

id. ib. 3, 14, 23; cf.:

qui apud me dignitate plurimum possunt,

id. Rosc. Am. 1, 4:

plurimum aliis praestare,

id. Inv. 2, 1, 1:

ut te plurimum diligam,

id. Fam. 1, 7, 1; id. Tusc. 5, 27, 78:

hoc ego utor uno omnium plurimum,

id. Fam. 11, 16, 2:

quantum (al. quanto) plurimum possunt,

Quint. 11, 3, 120: plurimum quantum also signifies very much indeed, exceedingly (post-class.):

plurimum quantum veritati nocuere,

Min. Fel. Oct. 22:

gratulor,

id. ib. 40:

(elleborum) ex aqua datur plurimum drachma,

at the most, Plin. 25, 5, 22, § 54; 9, 36, 60, § 125; 30, 6, 16, § 48; so,

cum plurimum,

id. 2, 17, 15, § 78 (opp. to cum minimum); 18, 7, 10, § 60: nec tam numerosa differentia; tribus ut plurimum bonitatibus distat, for the most part, commonly, usually, = plerumque, Plin. 15, 3, 4, § 18.—

In neutr. with a partit. gen.: sententiarum et gravitatis plurimum, Cic. Inv. 1, 18, 25:

artis,

Quint. 10, 5, 3:

auctoritatis et ponderis,

id. 9, 4, 91:

ut laboris sic utilitatis etiam longe plurimum,

id. 10, 3, 1:

virtutum,

id. 12, 1, 20 plurimum quantum favoris partibus dabat fratermtas ducum, Flor. 4, 2, 74.—

In the gen. pretii:

plurimi: immo unice unum plurimi pendit,

values very highly, esteems very much, Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 29:

quem unum Alexander plurimi fecerat,

Nep. Eum. 2, 2:

ut quisque quod plurimi est possidet,

Cic. Par. 6, 2, 48.