-
1 scope
[skəup]n( opportunity) miejsce nt; ( range) (of plan, undertaking) zasięg m, zakres m; ( of person) możliwości pl (działania)within the scope of — w ramach +gen
* * *[skəup]1) ((often with for) the opportunity or chance to do, use or develop: There's no scope for originality in this job.) pole działania2) (the area or extent of an activity etc: Few things are beyond the scope of a child's imagination.) zasięg -
2 wear
[wɛə(r)] 1. n( use) noszenie nt (odzieży, butów itp); ( damage through use) zużycie nt2. vtclothes, shoes mieć na sobie, być ubranym w +acc; ( habitually) nosić, ubierać się w +acc; spectacles, beard nosić; ( put on) ubierać się (ubrać się perf) w +acc3. vi; pt wore, pp worn( last) być trwałym; ( become old) zużywać się (zużyć się perf); (clothes, shoes etc) wycierać się (wytrzeć się perf), zdzierać się (zedrzeć się perf)sports/babywear — odzież sportowa/niemowlęca
town/evening wear — strój wyjściowy/wieczorowy
to wear a hole in sth — przetrzeć ( perf) coś na wylot
Phrasal Verbs:- wear off- wear on- wear out* * *[weə] 1. past tense - wore; verb1) (to be dressed in or carry on (a part of) the body: She wore a white dress; Does she usually wear spectacles?) nosić (na sobie), ubierać się w2) (to arrange (one's hair) in a particular way: She wears her hair in a pony-tail.) nosić3) (to have or show (a particular expression): She wore an angry expression.) mieć4) (to (cause to) become thinner etc because of use, rubbing etc: This carpet has worn in several places; This sweater is wearing thin at the elbows.) wycierać się5) (to make (a bare patch, a hole etc) by rubbing, use etc: I've worn a hole in the elbow of my jacket.) wytrzeć6) (to stand up to use: This material doesn't wear very well.) nosić się2. noun1) (use as clothes etc: I use this suit for everyday wear; Those shoes won't stand much wear.) noszenie2) (articles for use as clothes: casual wear; sportswear; leisure wear.) odzież3) ((sometimes wear and tear) damage due to use: The hall carpet is showing signs of wear.) zużycie4) (ability to withstand use: There's plenty of wear left in it yet.) odporność, wytrzymałość•- wearable- wearer
- wearing
- worn
- wear away
- wear off
- wear out
- worn out -
3 question
['kwɛstʃən] 1. n 2. vt( interrogate) pytać; ( doubt) wątpićto ask sb a question, put a question to sb — zadawać (zadać perf) komuś pytanie
to bring/call sth into question — podawać (podać perf) coś w wątpliwość
the question is, … — problem w tym, …
the person/night in question — osoba/noc, o której mowa
* * *['kwes ən] 1. noun1) (something which is said, written etc which asks for an answer from someone: The question is, do we really need a computer?) pytanie2) (a problem or matter for discussion: There is the question of how much to pay him.) kwestia3) (a single problem in a test or examination: We had to answer four questions in three hours.) pytanie, zadanie, temat4) (criticism; doubt; discussion: He is, without question, the best man for the job.) wątpliwość5) (a suggestion or possibility: There is no question of our dismissing him.) możliwość2. verb1) (to ask (a person) questions: I'll question him about what he was doing last night.) wypytać2) (to regard as doubtful: He questioned her right to use the money.) (za)kwestionować•- questionably
- questionableness
- question mark
- question-master
- questionnaire
- in question
- out of the question -
4 used to
['ju:stu]- negative short forms usedn't to, usen't to ['ju:sntu] (I, he etc) was in the habit of (doing something); (I, he etc) was (usually) in a particular position, state etc: I used to swim every day; She used not to be so forgetful; They used to play golf, didn't they?; Didn't you use(d) to live near me?; There used to be a butcher's shop there, didn't there?) mieć (kiedyś) zwyczaj, czynić (kiedyś) coś często -
5 drain
[dreɪn] 1. n( in street) studzienka f ściekowa; ( fig) ( on resources) odpływ m2. vtland drenować, osuszać (osuszyć perf); marshes, pond osuszać (osuszyć perf); vegetables osączać (osączyć perf); glass, cup wysączyć ( perf) napój z +gen3. vito feel drained — czuć się (poczuć się perf) wyczerpanym
* * *[drein] 1. verb1) (to clear (land) of water by the use of ditches and pipes: There are plans to drain the marsh.) drenować, osuszyć2) ((of water) to run away: The water drained away/off into the ditch.) odpływać3) (to pour off the water etc from or allow the water etc to run off from: Would you drain the vegetables?; He drained the petrol tank; The blood drained from her face.) osączyć, opróżnić, odpłynąć4) (to drink everything contained in: He drained his glass.) wypić do dna5) (to use up completely (the money, strength etc of): The effort drained all his energy.) wyczerpać, zużyć2. noun1) (something (a ditch, trench, waterpipe etc) designed to carry away water: The heavy rain has caused several drains to overflow.) dren, rów odwadniający2) (something which slowly exhausts a supply, especially of one's money or strength: His car is a constant drain on his money.) pijawka, studnia bez dna•- drainage- draining-board
- drainpipe
- down the drain -
6 pioneer
[paɪə'nɪə(r)] 1. npionier(ka) m(f)2. vtbyć pionierem +gen* * *1. noun1) (a person who goes to a new, often uninhabited or uncivilized (part of a) country to live and work there: The American pioneers; ( also adjective) a pioneer family.) pionier2) (a person who is the first to study some new subject, or use or develop a new technique etc: Joseph Lister was one of the pioneers of modern medicine; The Wright brothers were the pioneers of aeroplane flight.) pionier2. verb(to be the first to do or make: Who pioneered the use of vaccine for preventing polio?) zapoczątkować, torować drogę -
7 run
[rʌn] 1. n(fast pace, race) bieg m; ( in car) przejażdżka f; (of train, bus, for skiing) trasa f; (of victories, defeats) seria f; (in tights, stockings) oczko nt; (CRICKET, BASEBALL) punkt za przebiegnięcie między oznaczonymi miejscami po uderzeniu piłki2. vt; pt ran, pp rundistance biec (przebiec perf); business, shop, hotel prowadzić; competition, course przeprowadzać (przeprowadzić perf); ( COMPUT) program uruchamiać (uruchomić perf); hand, fingers przesuwać (przesunąć perf); water puszczać (puścić perf); (PRESS) article zamieszczać (zamieścić perf)3. vi( move quickly) biec (pobiec perf); (habitually, regularly) biegać; ( flee) uciekać (uciec perf); bus, train ( operate) kursować, jeździć; ( travel) jechać (pojechać perf); play, show być granym, iść (inf); contract być ważnym; river, tears płynąć (popłynąć perf); colours, washing farbować, puszczać; road, railway biec; horse ( in race) ścigać sięto go for a run — iść (pójść perf) pobiegać
to break into a run — zaczynać (zacząć perf) biec
a run of good/bad luck — dobra/zła passa
there was a run on … — był run na +acc
in the long/short run — na dłuższą/krótką metę
to be on the run — ( fugitive) ukrywać się
to run the risk of — narażać się na +acc
the engine/computer is running — silnik/komputer jest włączony
to run for president/in an election — kandydować na prezydenta/w wyborach
unemployment is running at twenty per cent — bezrobocie kształtuje się na poziomie dwudziestu procent
to run a bath — przygotowywać (przygotować perf) kąpiel
Phrasal Verbs:- run away- run down- run in- run into- run off- run out- run over- run up* * *1. present participle - running; verb1) ((of a person or animal) to move quickly, faster than walking: He ran down the road.) biegać2) (to move smoothly: Trains run on rails.) jeździć3) ((of water etc) to flow: Rivers run to the sea; The tap is running.) płynąć, ciec4) ((of a machine etc) to work or operate: The engine is running; He ran the motor to see if it was working.) być na chodzie, działać5) (to organize or manage: He runs the business very efficiently.) prowadzić6) (to race: Is your horse running this afternoon?) biegać7) ((of buses, trains etc) to travel regularly: The buses run every half hour; The train is running late.) kursować8) (to last or continue; to go on: The play ran for six weeks.) trwać, iść9) (to own and use, especially of cars: He runs a Rolls Royce.) jeździć10) ((of colour) to spread: When I washed my new dress the colour ran.) puścić11) (to drive (someone); to give (someone) a lift: He ran me to the station.) podwieźć12) (to move (something): She ran her fingers through his hair; He ran his eyes over the letter.) przebiec13) ((in certain phrases) to be or become: The river ran dry; My blood ran cold (= I was afraid).) stać się2. noun1) (the act of running: He went for a run before breakfast.) bieg(anie)2) (a trip or drive: We went for a run in the country.) wycieczka3) (a length of time (for which something continues): He's had a run of bad luck.) passa, okres4) (a ladder (in a stocking etc): I've got a run in my tights.) oczko5) (the free use (of a place): He gave me the run of his house.) możność korzystania, swobodny dostęp6) (in cricket, a batsman's act of running from one end of the wicket to the other, representing a single score: He scored/made 50 runs for his team.) punkt7) (an enclosure or pen: a chicken-run.) wybieg•- runner- running 3. adverb(one after another; continuously: We travelled for four days running.) jednym ciągiem- runny- runaway
- rundown
- runner-up
- runway
- in
- out of the running
- on the run
- run across
- run after
- run aground
- run along
- run away
- run down
- run for
- run for it
- run in
- run into
- run its course
- run off
- run out
- run over
- run a temperature
- run through
- run to
- run up
- run wild -
8 earthly
['əːθlɪ]adjdoczesny, ziemskithere is no earthly reason to think that … — nie ma najmniejszego powodu (, by) sądzić, że …
* * *1) (of or belonging to this world; not heavenly or spiritual: this earthly life.) ziemski2) (possible: This gadget has no earthly use.) możliwy, ewentualny -
9 fat
[fæt] 1. adj 2. ntłuszcz mthat's a fat lot of use/good to us ( inf) — strasznie dużo nam z tego przyjdzie!
* * *[fæt] 1. noun1) (an oily substance made by the bodies of animals and by some plants: This meat has got a lot of fat on it.) tłuszcz2) (a kind of such substance, used especially for cooking: There are several good cooking fats on the market.) tłuszcz2. adjective1) (having a lot of fat on one's body; large, heavy and round in shape: He was a very fat child.) utuczony, tłusty2) (large or abundant: Her business made a fat profit; A fat lot of good that is! (= That is no good at all)) duży, spory•- fatness- fatten
- fatty
- fattiness
- fat-head -
10 in store
1) (kept or reserved for future use: I keep plenty of tinned food in store for emergencies.) w zapasie2) (coming in the future: There's trouble in store for her!) w przyszłości -
11 judging from / to judge from
(if one can use (something) as an indication: Judging from the sky, there'll be a storm soon.) sądząc z -
12 make do
( with with) (to use something as a poor-quality or temporary alternative to the real thing: There's no meat, so we'll have to make do with potatoes.) zastąpić, zadowolić się -
13 on hand
(near; present; ready for use etc: We always keep some candles on hand in case there's a power failure.) pod ręką -
14 regulation
[rɛgju'leɪʃən]n* * *1) (a rule or instruction: There are certain regulations laid down as to how this job should be done, and these must be obeyed; ( also adjective) Please use envelopes of the regulation size.) przepis2) (the act of regulating: the regulation of a piece of machinery.) regulacja -
15 slim
[slɪm] 1. adj 2. vi* * *[slim] 1. adjective1) (not thick or fat; thin: She has a slim, graceful figure; Taking exercise is one way of keeping slim.) szczupły2) (not good; slight: There's still a slim chance that we'll find the child alive.) słaby, niewielki2. verb(to use means (such as eating less) in order to become slimmer: I mustn't eat cakes - I'm trying to slim.) odchudzać się- slimming- slimness -
16 space
[speɪs] 1. n( gap) szpara f; ( room) miejsce nt; ( beyond Earth) przestrzeń f kosmiczna, kosmos m; ( period)2. cpd3. vtspace research — badania pl kosmosu
to clear a space for sth — przygotowywać (przygotować perf) miejsce pod or na coś
* * *[speis] 1. noun1) (a gap; an empty or uncovered place: I couldn't find a space for my car.) miejsce2) (room; the absence of objects; the area available for use: Have you enough space to turn round?; Is there space for one more?) miejsce3) ((often outer space) the region outside the Earth's atmosphere, in which all stars and other planets etc are situated: travellers through space.) przestrzeń kosmiczna2. verb((also space out) to set (things) apart from one another: He spaced the rows of potatoes half a metre apart.) rozstawiać, rozsadzać- spacing- spacious
- spaciously
- spaciousness
- space-age
- spacecraft
- spaceship
- spacesuit -
17 strain
[streɪn] 1. n( pressure) obciążenie nt; ( MED) ( physical) nadwerężenie nt; ( mental) stres m; ( of virus) szczep m; ( breed) odmiana f- strains2. vt 3. vito strain to hear/see — wytężać (wytężyć perf) słuch/wzrok
* * *I 1. [strein] verb1) (to exert oneself or a part of the body to the greatest possible extent: They strained at the door, trying to pull it open; He strained to reach the rope.) wysilać się2) (to injure (a muscle etc) through too much use, exertion etc: He has strained a muscle in his leg; You'll strain your eyes by reading in such a poor light.) nadwyrężać3) (to force or stretch (too far): The constant interruptions were straining his patience.) wyczerpywać4) (to put (eg a mixture) through a sieve etc in order to separate solid matter from liquid: She strained the coffee.) odcedzać2. noun1) (force exerted; Can nylon ropes take more strain than the old kind of rope?) naprężenie2) ((something, eg too much work etc, that causes) a state of anxiety and fatigue: The strain of nursing her dying husband was too much for her; to suffer from strain.) wysiłek, przemęczenie3) ((an) injury especially to a muscle caused by too much exertion: muscular strain.) naciągnięcie4) (too great a demand: These constant delays are a strain on our patience.) nadużywanie•- strained- strainer
- strain off II [strein] noun1) (a kind or breed (of animals, plants etc): a new strain of cattle.) rasa2) (a tendency in a person's character: I'm sure there's a strain of madness in her.) skłonność3) ((often in plural) (the sound of) a tune: I heard the strains of a hymn coming from the church.) dźwięki
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