no+one+more

brozda `furrow' [f ā];

brůzda (dial.) `furrow' [f ā];

brou̯zda (dial.) `furrow' [f ā]

brázda `furrow, (dial.) canal' [f ā];

Čak. bråzdȁ (Vrgada) `furrow' [f ā];

Čak. brāzdȁ (Orbanići) `furrow, row (of potatoes etc., planted in one furrow)' [f ā] \{1\}

brazdá `furrow' [f ā];

brezdá `furrow' [f ā]

bir̃žė `sign (out of straws or twigs) that marks the boundary of the sowed land, furrow' [f ē] 2 \{2\}

Comments: The reconstruction * bʰrs-d(ʰ)-, which would enable a connection with Skt. bhr̥ṣṭí- f. (RV) `point, top, spike, tooth', cannot account for the Baltic forms.

Skt. bhr̥ṣṭí-

\{1\} More common is the i-stem brȃs, Gsg. brāzdȉ. \{2\} The original accentuation of this word cannot be established. In Lithuanian, we find biržė 1/2/4 and biržis 1/2/3/4. In Latvian, bìrze, bir̃ze and biȓze are attested.

mьgla (Ps. Sin. MS 2/N) `mist, haze' [f ā]

mglá `mist, haze, darkness' [f ā];

mga `dense mist, drizzle, haze in times of drought' [f ā]

mlha `mist, haze' [f ā];

mha (poet.) `mist, haze' [f ā];

mhla (obs., dial.) `mist, haze' [f ā]

màgla `mist, haze' [f ā], mȁglu [Accs];

Čak. maglȁ (Novi) `mist, haze' [f ā], maglȕ [Accs], mȁglu;

Kajk. mīēglȍ (Bednja) `mist, haze' [f ā], mīēglȕ [Accs] \{1\};

mǝgà (dial.) `drizzle' [f ā]

mǝglà `mist, haze' [f ā], mglè [Gens], mglę̑ [Gens]

miglà `mist, haze' [f ā] 2/4;

miẽgas `sleep' [m o] 2;

mìgti `sleep, fall asleep' [verb]

migla `mist, haze' [f ā];

mìegs `sleep' [m o]

IE meaning: mist, cloud

Comments: I agree with Mayrhofer (EWAia s.v. meghá-) that we must in principle distinguish PIE. *h₃meiǵʰ- and *h₃meigʰ- (cf. Kern 1894: 106). The former root is present in Lith. mỹžti, Latv. mìzt `urinate', and is, in my opinion, sparsely attested in Slavic. On account of their semantic similarity, the above-mentioned Slavic verbs meaning `to drizzle' are sometimes connected with mỹžti etc. I think that the Slavic etyma listed above show that verbs like *mьžiti are best grouped together with *mьglà. A more complicated issue is the relationship between words meaning `mist, drizzle' (*meigʰ- B `dunkel vor den Augen werden, Nebel, Wolke' in Pokorny) and words meaning `blink, twinkle' (*meigʰ- A `flimmern, blinzeln, micāre'), which I discuss s.v. mȋgъ. Since there is no obvious semantic link between these groups, Trubačëv basically tries to keep them apart, e.g. *mьžiti I `blink, twinkle' vs. *mьžiti II `drizzle' (but Ru.(dial.) mža `doze; drizzle; said about smth. which vanished rapidly' without further distinctions). It is not entirely clear how the meanings `doze, drowsiness' and `swarm (with) `fit in. LSrb. migoriś se `move to and fro, swarm with; drizzle' (Schuster-Šewc 907) is matched by MoDu. (dial.) miggelen (miegelen) `drizzle; swarm with'. Ru.(dial.) mžit' `doze, be delirious' is mentioned by Trubačëv s.v. *mьžiti I, but a connection with *mьžiti I cannot be excluded, cf. SCr. míždati `drizzle, doze', MoHG drisseln `drizzle, doze', drusen `doze', drussig `clouded', Lith. blañdas `sleepiness; cloudiness' (cf. Merkulova 1975: 59). Discussing the origin of the meaning `doze' is essentially the same as establishing the semantic connection between Slavic *mьg- and Lith. miẽgas `sleep', mìgt `sleep, fall asleep', miegóti `sleep' etc. Fraenkel (I 447) considers the meaning of miegóti to have evolved from `close one's eyes' (cf. Kern 1894: 109). This seems plausible indeed. On the other hand, there are parallels for a connection between `sleep' and `cloud', e.g. Av. snaođa- `cloud' vs. Lith. snáusti `doze' or OIr. nél `cloud; swoon, faintness, stupor' (cf. Merkulova 1975: 58-59). As long as there is no evidence for a formal distinction between the roots of *mьglà and *mȋgъ, I think that we must depart from a single root h₃meigʰ-.

Skt. meghá- (RV) `cloud, gloomy weather'

;

Skt. míh- (RV, TS) `haze, rain' [f];

Gk. ὀμίχλη `mist, haze' [f];

Av. maēɣa- `cloud'

;

Arm. mēg `mist';

MoDu. miggelen `drizzle, swarm (with)' [verb] \{2\} \{3\}

\{1\} Illič-Svityč lists a number of SCr. dialect forms which point to AP (b) (1963: 40). The standard language has secondary mobility in this word. \{2\} It cannot be excluded that miggelen is cognate with MDu. miegen `urinate'.

mьgla (Ps. Sin. MS 2/N) `mist, haze' [f ā]

mglá `mist, haze, darkness' [f ā];

mga `dense mist, drizzle, haze in times of drought' [f ā]

mlha `mist, haze' [f ā];

mha (poet.) `mist, haze' [f ā];

mhla (obs., dial.) `mist, haze' [f ā]

màgla `mist, haze' [f ā], mȁglu [Accs];

Čak. maglȁ (Novi) `mist, haze' [f ā], maglȕ [Accs], mȁglu;

Kajk. mīēglȍ (Bednja) `mist, haze' [f ā], mīēglȕ [Accs] \{1\};

mǝgà (dial.) `drizzle' [f ā]

mǝglà `mist, haze' [f ā], mglè [Gens], mglę̑ [Gens]

miglà `mist, haze' [f ā] 2/4;

miẽgas `sleep' [m o] 2;

mìgti `sleep, fall asleep' [verb]

migla `mist, haze' [f ā];

mìegs `sleep' [m o]

IE meaning: mist, cloud

Comments: I agree with Mayrhofer (EWAia s.v. meghá-) that we must in principle distinguish PIE. *h₃meiǵʰ- and *h₃meigʰ- (cf. Kern 1894: 106). The former root is present in Lith. mỹžti, Latv. mìzt `urinate', and is, in my opinion, sparsely attested in Slavic. On account of their semantic similarity, the above-mentioned Slavic verbs meaning `to drizzle' are sometimes connected with mỹžti etc. I think that the Slavic etyma listed above show that verbs like *mьžiti are best grouped together with *mьglà. A more complicated issue is the relationship between words meaning `mist, drizzle' (*meigʰ- B `dunkel vor den Augen werden, Nebel, Wolke' in Pokorny) and words meaning `blink, twinkle' (*meigʰ- A `flimmern, blinzeln, micāre'), which I discuss s.v. mȋgъ. Since there is no obvious semantic link between these groups, Trubačëv basically tries to keep them apart, e.g. *mьžiti I `blink, twinkle' vs. *mьžiti II `drizzle' (but Ru.(dial.) mža `doze; drizzle; said about smth. which vanished rapidly' without further distinctions). It is not entirely clear how the meanings `doze, drowsiness' and `swarm (with) `fit in. LSrb. migoriś se `move to and fro, swarm with; drizzle' (Schuster-Šewc 907) is matched by MoDu. (dial.) miggelen (miegelen) `drizzle; swarm with'. Ru.(dial.) mžit' `doze, be delirious' is mentioned by Trubačëv s.v. *mьžiti I, but a connection with *mьžiti I cannot be excluded, cf. SCr. míždati `drizzle, doze', MoHG drisseln `drizzle, doze', drusen `doze', drussig `clouded', Lith. blañdas `sleepiness; cloudiness' (cf. Merkulova 1975: 59). Discussing the origin of the meaning `doze' is essentially the same as establishing the semantic connection between Slavic *mьg- and Lith. miẽgas `sleep', mìgt `sleep, fall asleep', miegóti `sleep' etc. Fraenkel (I 447) considers the meaning of miegóti to have evolved from `close one's eyes' (cf. Kern 1894: 109). This seems plausible indeed. On the other hand, there are parallels for a connection between `sleep' and `cloud', e.g. Av. snaođa- `cloud' vs. Lith. snáusti `doze' or OIr. nél `cloud; swoon, faintness, stupor' (cf. Merkulova 1975: 58-59). As long as there is no evidence for a formal distinction between the roots of *mьglà and *mȋgъ, I think that we must depart from a single root h₃meigʰ-.

Skt. meghá- (RV) `cloud, gloomy weather'

;

Skt. míh- (RV, TS) `haze, rain' [f];

Gk. ὀμίχλη `mist, haze' [f];

Av. maēɣa- `cloud'

;

Arm. mēg `mist';

MoDu. miggelen `drizzle, swarm (with)' [verb] \{2\} \{3\}

\{1\} Illič-Svityč lists a number of SCr. dialect forms which point to AP (b) (1963: 40). The standard language has secondary mobility in this word. \{2\} It cannot be excluded that miggelen is cognate with MDu. miegen `urinate'.

mьgla (Ps. Sin. MS 2/N) `mist, haze' [f ā]

mglá `mist, haze, darkness' [f ā];

mga `dense mist, drizzle, haze in times of drought' [f ā]

mlha `mist, haze' [f ā];

mha (poet.) `mist, haze' [f ā];

mhla (obs., dial.) `mist, haze' [f ā]

màgla `mist, haze' [f ā], mȁglu [Accs];

Čak. maglȁ (Novi) `mist, haze' [f ā], maglȕ [Accs], mȁglu;

Kajk. mīēglȍ (Bednja) `mist, haze' [f ā], mīēglȕ [Accs] \{1\};

mǝgà (dial.) `drizzle' [f ā]

mǝglà `mist, haze' [f ā], mglè [Gens], mglę̑ [Gens]

miglà `mist, haze' [f ā] 2/4;

miẽgas `sleep' [m o] 2;

mìgti `sleep, fall asleep' [verb]

migla `mist, haze' [f ā];

mìegs `sleep' [m o]

IE meaning: mist, cloud

Comments: I agree with Mayrhofer (EWAia s.v. meghá-) that we must in principle distinguish PIE. *h₃meiǵʰ- and *h₃meigʰ- (cf. Kern 1894: 106). The former root is present in Lith. mỹžti, Latv. mìzt `urinate', and is, in my opinion, sparsely attested in Slavic. On account of their semantic similarity, the above-mentioned Slavic verbs meaning `to drizzle' are sometimes connected with mỹžti etc. I think that the Slavic etyma listed above show that verbs like *mьžiti are best grouped together with *mьglà. A more complicated issue is the relationship between words meaning `mist, drizzle' (*meigʰ- B `dunkel vor den Augen werden, Nebel, Wolke' in Pokorny) and words meaning `blink, twinkle' (*meigʰ- A `flimmern, blinzeln, micāre'), which I discuss s.v. mȋgъ. Since there is no obvious semantic link between these groups, Trubačëv basically tries to keep them apart, e.g. *mьžiti I `blink, twinkle' vs. *mьžiti II `drizzle' (but Ru.(dial.) mža `doze; drizzle; said about smth. which vanished rapidly' without further distinctions). It is not entirely clear how the meanings `doze, drowsiness' and `swarm (with) `fit in. LSrb. migoriś se `move to and fro, swarm with; drizzle' (Schuster-Šewc 907) is matched by MoDu. (dial.) miggelen (miegelen) `drizzle; swarm with'. Ru.(dial.) mžit' `doze, be delirious' is mentioned by Trubačëv s.v. *mьžiti I, but a connection with *mьžiti I cannot be excluded, cf. SCr. míždati `drizzle, doze', MoHG drisseln `drizzle, doze', drusen `doze', drussig `clouded', Lith. blañdas `sleepiness; cloudiness' (cf. Merkulova 1975: 59). Discussing the origin of the meaning `doze' is essentially the same as establishing the semantic connection between Slavic *mьg- and Lith. miẽgas `sleep', mìgt `sleep, fall asleep', miegóti `sleep' etc. Fraenkel (I 447) considers the meaning of miegóti to have evolved from `close one's eyes' (cf. Kern 1894: 109). This seems plausible indeed. On the other hand, there are parallels for a connection between `sleep' and `cloud', e.g. Av. snaođa- `cloud' vs. Lith. snáusti `doze' or OIr. nél `cloud; swoon, faintness, stupor' (cf. Merkulova 1975: 58-59). As long as there is no evidence for a formal distinction between the roots of *mьglà and *mȋgъ, I think that we must depart from a single root h₃meigʰ-.

Skt. meghá- (RV) `cloud, gloomy weather'

;

Skt. míh- (RV, TS) `haze, rain' [f];

Gk. ὀμίχλη `mist, haze' [f];

Av. maēɣa- `cloud'

;

Arm. mēg `mist';

MoDu. miggelen `drizzle, swarm (with)' [verb] \{2\} \{3\}

\{1\} Illič-Svityč lists a number of SCr. dialect forms which point to AP (b) (1963: 40). The standard language has secondary mobility in this word. \{2\} It cannot be excluded that miggelen is cognate with MDu. miegen `urinate'.

Comments: The root of Skt. pitú- and related forms is sometimes reconstructed as * pei- (cf. * peiH in Skt. pī́van- `fat', etc.), but * peit- seems more plausible. In view of the accentuation of * pitja, however, one may wonder whether the root * peiH may have influenced * peit-.

Skt. pitú- `nourishment'