-
41 contubernium
contubernium ī, n [com-+taberna], companionship in a tent, the relation of a general and his personal follower: contuberni necessitudo: patris, S.: alqm contubernio aestimare, by intimate companionship, Ta.: militum, with the soldiers, Ta.: muliebris militiae, concubinage.—Of animals, a dwelling together, Ph.—Of slaves, marriage, Cu.— A common war-tent: deponere in contubernio arma, Cs.— An abode of slaves, Ta.* * *companionship in a tent; band/brotherhood; shared war tent; apartment/lodging; cohabitation, concubinage (with/between slaves); attendance on a general -
42 fortis
fortis e, adj. with comp. and sup. [3 FER-], strong, powerful, mighty: equus: latus, youthful vigor, H.: ligna, Cs.: castra: ulmi, V.— Strong, vigorous, firm, steadfast, stout, courageous, brave, manly, valiant, bold, fearless: vir, man of honor, T.: fortis et constantis est, non perturbari: necessitudo timidos fortīs facit, S.: Rebus angustis animosus atque Fortis appare, H.: horum fortissimi sunt Belgae, Cs.: seu quis capit acria fortis Pocula, H.: in dolore: ad sanguinem civilem, L.: contra audaciam fortissimus: Scriberis fortis, a hero, H.: manu, i. e. personally brave, N.: si fortes fueritis in eo, had proceeded with vigor: fugacibus, O.: Tractare serpentes, H.: aurum Spernere fortior, H.—Prov.: fortīs fortuna adiuvat, T.—Of things, strong, spirited, brave, bold, enduring, impetuous: senectus fortior: oculi, bold: animi impetus: ut paulo fortius factum, Cs.: facta, S.: opera, service, L.: fortior contra dolorem disciplina: fortissimae sententiae: oratio (opp. placida).—As subst n.: serae ad fortia vires (sc. facta), V.: fortem ad fortia misi, O.* * *forte, fortior -or -us, fortissimus -a -um ADJstrong, powerful, mighty, vigorous, firm, steadfast, courageous, brave, bold -
43 impendeō (in-p-)
impendeō (in-p-) —, —, ēre, to hang over, overhang: ut (gladius) impenderet illius cervicibus: saxum Tantalo: iter difficile; mons altissimus inpendebat, commanded (it), Cs.—Fig., to be at hand, be near, be imminent, threaten, impend: quae vero impendebant, ea depellere: dum impendere Parthi videbantur: ea contentio quae impendet: vento impendente, V.: licet omnes in me terrores impendeant: quantum periculi consuli inpendeat, S.: quid sibi impenderet, suspicari: nobis necessitudo impendet, presses upon, S.: inparatum tanta te impendent mala, T. -
44 proximus or proxumus
proximus or proxumus adj. sup. [prope], the nearest, next: vicinus, next neighbor, T.: oppida, Cs.: mare, S.: iter in Galliam, most direct, Cs.: paries cum proximus ardet, adjoining, H.: ex proximo vicini fundo deiectus: Belgae proximi sunt Germanis, Cs.: Proxima Campano ponti villula, close, H.: ager qui proximus finem Megalopolitarum est, L.: dactylus proximus a postremo, next to the last: proximus a dominā, O.: regio ab eā (urbe), Cu.—As subst m.: ut proximi iacentibus insisterent, those nearest, Cs.: ab proximis impetrare, their nearest neighbors, Cs.—As subst n., the neighborhood, vicinity, nearest place: quom in proximo hic sit aegra, next door, T.: vastatis proximis Illyrici, adjoining districts, L.—Fig., in time, the previous, last, latest, most recent: optime proximo civili bello de re p. meritus: proximis superioribus diebus: bellum tanto maiore quam proximo conatu apparatum est (i. e. quam proximo anno), L.: censor qui proximus ante me fuerat.— The next, following, ensuing, coming: proximā nocte, on the next night, Cs.: silentio proximae noctis editum vocem, L.: in proxumum annum consulatum petere: in proximum (sc. diem), Cu.—In order or rank, the next: summa necessitudo videtur esse honestatis, huic proxima incolumitatis: prima volnera... Proxima, O.: Proximos illi tamen occupavit Pallas honores, H.: proximum est ergo, ut quaeramus, we must next inquire: proximum est, ut doceam, etc., the next point is.—In value or merit, the next, nearest, most like: ut id habendum sit eo proximum, quod sit optimum: non nasci homini optimum est, proximum autem, etc., next best: proxima Phoebi Versibus ille facit, V.: proximum vero est, Porsinnam dedisse, etc., nearest the truth, L.—In relationship, the nearest, next, closest, next of kin, most like: illi genere, T.: cognatione: propinquitate, N.; cf. Negabat illa se esse culpae proximam, i. e. guilty, Ph.—As subst m., a near relation, next of kin: quaesivit proximum, paene alterum filium: iniuriosi in proximos: responderunt proximi, Ph.— Most devoted, most faithful: in dis patriis repetendis proximus fuit. -
45 Близкий
affinis (родственный); propinquus; similis (сходный); confinis (сопредельный); vicinus; familiaris; finitimus; admotus;• близкий к кончине - admotus supremis;
• близкая смерть - mors vicina;
• вырвать своих близких из темницы - sua viscera ex vinculis eripere;
• увы, как близок ко мне край света! - Heu, quam vicina est ultima terra mihi!
• наука диалектиков близка к ораторскому искусству - dialecticorum scientia vicina eloquentiae;
• близкие отношения - necessitudo;
-
46 Дружба
- amicitia; conjunctio; usus amicitiae; familiaritas; necessitudo;• изменить старой дружбе - amicitiae terga versa dare;
• сделать дружбу более тесной - familiaritatem frequentiorem reddere;
-
47 Крайность
- supremum; necessitudo; contrarium; extremitas; extrema pars; extremum; finis,is,m; summae angustiae;• доведенный до крайности - in summas angustias ductus;
• быть доведенным до крайности - urgeri angustiis;
• я дошел до крайности - rediit mihi res ad restim / ad rastros;
• быть в крайности - necessitate premi;
• крайность меня постигла - necessitas me obvenit;
• я пришел в такую крайность, что... eo adductus sum, ut...
-
48 Необходимость
- necessitas; necessitudo; opus;• в случае необходимости - si necessitas postulat; si usus veniat (fuerit); si res postulat; ubi res postularet;
• ощущать необходимость - desiderare;
• иметь необходимость - requirere (misericordiam);
• ощущается необходимость в новом издании - editio nova desideratur;
• под давлением необходимости - cogente necessitate;
• возникает необходимость - usus est, adest, venit;
-
49 Нужда
- inopia; paupertas; usus (usus vitae necessarii); egentia; egestas (vitam in egestate degere); necessitas; necessitudo; angustiae; difficultas;• бороться с нуждой - paupertatem tolerare;
• терпящий нужду - egenus;
• иметь нужду - egere (aliqua re, alicujus rei);
• у кого меньше всего желаний, у того меньше всего нужды - is minimo eget, qui minimum cupit;
• ощущается крайняя нужда - egetur acriter;
• из нужды - egestate;
-
50 Родство
- affinitas; cognatio; conjunctio; consanguinitas; parentela; necessitudo; -
51 aurigo
aurīgo, āvi, ātum, 1 ( aurīgor, āri, v. dep., Varr. ap. Non. p. 70, 17), v. n. [auriga], to be a charioteer or a contender in the chariot-race, to drive a chariot, to contend in the chariot-race.I.Lit. (post-Aug.;II.most freq. in Suet.),
Plin. 33, 5, 27, § 90; Suet. Calig. 54; id. Ner. 24; 4; 22; 53; id. Calig. 18; id. Vit. 4; 17.— -
52 beneficium
bĕnĕfĭcĭum (better than bĕnĭfĭcĭ-um), ii, n. [beneficus].I.A benefaction, kindness, favor, benefit, service, euergetêma (sunt qui ita distinguunt, quaedam beneficia esse, quaedam officia, quaedam ministeria. Beneficium esse, quod alienus det:A.alienus est, qui potuit sine reprehensione cessare: officium esse filii, uxoris et earum personarum, quas necessitudo suscitat et ferre opem jubet: ministerium esse servi, quem condicio sua eo loco posuit, ut nihil eorum, quae praestat, imputet superiori,
Sen. Ben.3, 18, 1);—(in prose freq.; in poetry, for metrical reasons, only in play-writers; most freq. in Ter.).In gen.:B.nullum beneficium esse duco id, quod, quoi facias, non placet,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 12:beneficium accipere,
Ter. Ad. 2, 3, 1:pro maleficio beneficium reddere,
id. Phorm. 2, 2, 22:immemor beneficii,
id. And. 1, 1, 17:cupio aliquos parere amicos beneficio meo,
id. Eun. 1, 2, 69:beneficium verbis initum re comprobare,
id. And. 5, 1, 5:nec enim si tuam ob causam cuiquam commodes, beneficium illud habendum est, sed feneratio,
Cic. Fin. 2, 35, 117; id. Off. 2. 20, 70:beneficio adligari: beneficio victus esse,
Cic. Planc. 33, 81; cf.:Jugurtham beneficiis vincere,
Sall. J. 9, 3:collocare,
Cic. Off. 1, 15, 49 al.; 2, 20, 69:dare,
id. ib. 1, 15, 48; id. Fam. 13, 8, 3' deferre, id. Off. 1, 15, 49: conferre in aliquem, [p. 232] id. ib. 1, 14, 45: quia magna mihi debebat beneficia, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 12, 1:in republicā multo praestat benefici quam malefici immemorem esse,
Sall. J. 31, 28:senatus et populus Romanus benefici et injuriae memor esse solet,
id. ib. 104, 5; Petr. 126, 4:in iis (hominibus) beneficio ac maleficio abstineri aecum censent,
Liv. 5, 3, 8:immortali memoriā retinere beneficia,
Nep. Att. 11, 5 al. —Of the favor of the people in giving their vote:quidquid hoc beneficio populi Romani atque hac potestate praetoriā possum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 24, 69, and 71.—Esp.1.Beneficio, through favor, by the help, aid, support, mediation:(β).beneficio tuo salvus,
thanks to you, Cic. Fam. 11, 22, 1; 13, 35, 1:nostri consulatūs beneficio,
by means of, id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 1, § 6:servari beneficio Caesaris,
Vell. 2, 71, 1:hoc beneficio,
by this means, Ter. Heaut. 2, 4, 14:sortium beneficio,
by the lucky turn of, Caes. B. G. 1, 53 Herz.:longissimae aetatis,
Quint. 3, 1, 9:ingenii,
id. 2, 11, 2; 5, 10, 121:eloquentiae,
Tac. Or. 8 al.; cf.: fortunae beneficium, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 4, 2.—In gen., by the agency of:2.quod beneficio ejus contingit,
Dig. 39, 2, 40, § 1:beneficio furis,
ib. 47, 2, 46 pr.—Alicujus beneficii facere (habere, etc.), to make dependent on one ' s bounty or favor (post-Aug.):II.commeatus a senatu peti solitos benefici sui fecit,
Suet. Claud. 23:ut munus imperii beneficii sui faceret,
Just. 13, 4, 9; cf.:adeo quidem dominis servi beneficia possunt dare, ut ipsos saepe beneficii sui fecerint,
Sen. Ben. 3, 18, 4:sed nihil habebimus nisi beneficii alieni?
Quint. 10, 4, 6.—Transf. to political life.A.A distinction, support, favor, promotion (esp. freq. after the Aug. per.):2.coöptatio collegiorum ad populi beneficium transferebatur,
Cic. Lael. 25, 96; id. Phil. 2, 36, 91:quibus omnia populi Romani beneficia dormientibus deferuntur,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 70, § 180:in beneficiis ad aerarium delatus,
among those recommended to favor, id. Arch. 5, 11 Halm. ad loc.; id. Fam. 7, 5, 3:cum suo magno beneficio esset,
under great obligation to his recommendation, id. Phil. 8, 6 Wernsd.; Flor. 4, 2, 92; cf. Suet. Tit. 8.—So,Esp. freq. of military promotions (whence beneficiarius, q. v.):B.quod scribis de beneficiis, scito a me et tribunos militaris et praefectos... delatos esse,
Cic. Fam. 5, 20, 7:ut tribuni militum... quae antea dictatorum et consulum ferme fuerant beneficia,
Liv. 9, 30, 3:beneficia gratuita esse populi Romani,
id. 45, 42, 11; Hirt. B. Afr. 54, 5:per beneficia Nymphidii,
promoted, advanced through the favor of Nymphidius, Tac. H. 1, 25; 4, 48 Lips.:beneficii sui centuriones,
i. e. his creatures, Suet. Tib. 12:Liber beneficiorum or Beneficium,
the book in which the public lands that were bestowed were designated, Hyg. Limit. Const. p. 193 Goes.; Arcad. ib. p. 260.—So, SERVVS. A. COMMENTARIIS. BENEFICIORVM., Inscr. Grut. 578, 1.—A privilege, right (post-Aug.):C.anulorum,
Dig. 48, 7, 42:religionis,
ib. 3, 3, 18:militaris,
ib. 29, 1, 3.—Hence, liberorum, a release from the office of judge, received in consequence of having a certain number of children, Suet. Claud. 15; Dig. 49, 8, 1, § 2.—Personified, as a god:duos omnino (deos credere), Poenam et Beneficium,
Plin. 2, 7, 5, § 14. -
53 benificium
bĕnĕfĭcĭum (better than bĕnĭfĭcĭ-um), ii, n. [beneficus].I.A benefaction, kindness, favor, benefit, service, euergetêma (sunt qui ita distinguunt, quaedam beneficia esse, quaedam officia, quaedam ministeria. Beneficium esse, quod alienus det:A.alienus est, qui potuit sine reprehensione cessare: officium esse filii, uxoris et earum personarum, quas necessitudo suscitat et ferre opem jubet: ministerium esse servi, quem condicio sua eo loco posuit, ut nihil eorum, quae praestat, imputet superiori,
Sen. Ben.3, 18, 1);—(in prose freq.; in poetry, for metrical reasons, only in play-writers; most freq. in Ter.).In gen.:B.nullum beneficium esse duco id, quod, quoi facias, non placet,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 12:beneficium accipere,
Ter. Ad. 2, 3, 1:pro maleficio beneficium reddere,
id. Phorm. 2, 2, 22:immemor beneficii,
id. And. 1, 1, 17:cupio aliquos parere amicos beneficio meo,
id. Eun. 1, 2, 69:beneficium verbis initum re comprobare,
id. And. 5, 1, 5:nec enim si tuam ob causam cuiquam commodes, beneficium illud habendum est, sed feneratio,
Cic. Fin. 2, 35, 117; id. Off. 2. 20, 70:beneficio adligari: beneficio victus esse,
Cic. Planc. 33, 81; cf.:Jugurtham beneficiis vincere,
Sall. J. 9, 3:collocare,
Cic. Off. 1, 15, 49 al.; 2, 20, 69:dare,
id. ib. 1, 15, 48; id. Fam. 13, 8, 3' deferre, id. Off. 1, 15, 49: conferre in aliquem, [p. 232] id. ib. 1, 14, 45: quia magna mihi debebat beneficia, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 12, 1:in republicā multo praestat benefici quam malefici immemorem esse,
Sall. J. 31, 28:senatus et populus Romanus benefici et injuriae memor esse solet,
id. ib. 104, 5; Petr. 126, 4:in iis (hominibus) beneficio ac maleficio abstineri aecum censent,
Liv. 5, 3, 8:immortali memoriā retinere beneficia,
Nep. Att. 11, 5 al. —Of the favor of the people in giving their vote:quidquid hoc beneficio populi Romani atque hac potestate praetoriā possum,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 24, 69, and 71.—Esp.1.Beneficio, through favor, by the help, aid, support, mediation:(β).beneficio tuo salvus,
thanks to you, Cic. Fam. 11, 22, 1; 13, 35, 1:nostri consulatūs beneficio,
by means of, id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 1, § 6:servari beneficio Caesaris,
Vell. 2, 71, 1:hoc beneficio,
by this means, Ter. Heaut. 2, 4, 14:sortium beneficio,
by the lucky turn of, Caes. B. G. 1, 53 Herz.:longissimae aetatis,
Quint. 3, 1, 9:ingenii,
id. 2, 11, 2; 5, 10, 121:eloquentiae,
Tac. Or. 8 al.; cf.: fortunae beneficium, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 4, 2.—In gen., by the agency of:2.quod beneficio ejus contingit,
Dig. 39, 2, 40, § 1:beneficio furis,
ib. 47, 2, 46 pr.—Alicujus beneficii facere (habere, etc.), to make dependent on one ' s bounty or favor (post-Aug.):II.commeatus a senatu peti solitos benefici sui fecit,
Suet. Claud. 23:ut munus imperii beneficii sui faceret,
Just. 13, 4, 9; cf.:adeo quidem dominis servi beneficia possunt dare, ut ipsos saepe beneficii sui fecerint,
Sen. Ben. 3, 18, 4:sed nihil habebimus nisi beneficii alieni?
Quint. 10, 4, 6.—Transf. to political life.A.A distinction, support, favor, promotion (esp. freq. after the Aug. per.):2.coöptatio collegiorum ad populi beneficium transferebatur,
Cic. Lael. 25, 96; id. Phil. 2, 36, 91:quibus omnia populi Romani beneficia dormientibus deferuntur,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 70, § 180:in beneficiis ad aerarium delatus,
among those recommended to favor, id. Arch. 5, 11 Halm. ad loc.; id. Fam. 7, 5, 3:cum suo magno beneficio esset,
under great obligation to his recommendation, id. Phil. 8, 6 Wernsd.; Flor. 4, 2, 92; cf. Suet. Tit. 8.—So,Esp. freq. of military promotions (whence beneficiarius, q. v.):B.quod scribis de beneficiis, scito a me et tribunos militaris et praefectos... delatos esse,
Cic. Fam. 5, 20, 7:ut tribuni militum... quae antea dictatorum et consulum ferme fuerant beneficia,
Liv. 9, 30, 3:beneficia gratuita esse populi Romani,
id. 45, 42, 11; Hirt. B. Afr. 54, 5:per beneficia Nymphidii,
promoted, advanced through the favor of Nymphidius, Tac. H. 1, 25; 4, 48 Lips.:beneficii sui centuriones,
i. e. his creatures, Suet. Tib. 12:Liber beneficiorum or Beneficium,
the book in which the public lands that were bestowed were designated, Hyg. Limit. Const. p. 193 Goes.; Arcad. ib. p. 260.—So, SERVVS. A. COMMENTARIIS. BENEFICIORVM., Inscr. Grut. 578, 1.—A privilege, right (post-Aug.):C.anulorum,
Dig. 48, 7, 42:religionis,
ib. 3, 3, 18:militaris,
ib. 29, 1, 3.—Hence, liberorum, a release from the office of judge, received in consequence of having a certain number of children, Suet. Claud. 15; Dig. 49, 8, 1, § 2.—Personified, as a god:duos omnino (deos credere), Poenam et Beneficium,
Plin. 2, 7, 5, § 14. -
54 cognatio
cognātĭo, ōnis, f. [cognatus].I. A.Of men.1.Absol.: societas... quae nata a primo satu... serpit sensim foras, cognationibus primum, tum adfinitatibus, [p. 361] deinde amicitiis, post vicinitatibus, tum civibus, Cic. Fin. 5, 23, 65:2.frater noster cognatione patruelis,
id. ib. 5, 1, 1:ut quisque te maxime cognatione, adfinitate, necessitudine aliquā attingebat,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 10, § 27:cognationem commemorare,
id. ib. 2, 2, 26, §64: cognationis jura inpetrare,
Plin. Pan. 37, 3: propinqua, a near or close relationship:cujus gloriae faveo propter propinquam cognationem,
Cic. Lig. 3, 8:Barcina, propinquā cognatione Hannibali junctus,
Liv. 23, 41, 2; cf. id. 6, 39, 4 (infra 2); Nep. praef. 7; Suet. Ner. 3; Curt. 5, 3, 12; 6, 11, 20;for which: artissimā cognatione alicui junctum esse,
Just. 5, 6, 4: longa or longinqua, a distant relationship:longā quidem cognatione stirpi regiae adnexus,
Curt. 4, 1, 19:Alexandrum etiam longinquā cognatione contingere,
id. 10, 10, 19. —With cum:3.dicere, sibi cum eo amicitiam cognationemque esse,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 26, § 64:nulla tibi cum isto cognatio, nulla necessitudo,
id. ib. 2, 5, 68, § 176; cf. id. ib. 2, 4, 33, §72: agere mecum per cognationem quae mihi secum esset,
id. Att. 12, 49, 1.—With gen. pers.:B.deorum cognationem agnoscerem non invitus ( = cum dis),
Cic. N. D. 1, 32, 91; cf.:deorum cognatione teneri,
id. Div. 1, 30, 64:dictatorem propinquā cognatione Licini se apud patres excusare solitum,
Liv. 6, 39, 4:Alexandro cognatio Bubaris non Darei tantum temporibus pacem praestitit,
Just. 7, 4, 1; 12, 3, 1.—Of animals:C.equorum,
Plin. 8, 42, 64, § 157:caprarum,
id. 8, 50, 76, § 203.—Of plants:II.arborum,
Plin. 16, 12, 23, § 61:caeparum,
id. 19, 6, 33, § 108:papyri cum calamis,
id. 16, 36, 64, § 157.—Transf., concr., kindred, relations, persons, allied by descent:III.homo summae potentiae et magnae cognationis,
Caes. B. G. 7, 32:hoc commune dedecus familiae, cognationis, nominis,
Cic. Clu. 6, 16: cum tibi tota cognatio sarraco advehatur, id. ap. Quint. 8, 3, 21.—Trop.A.In gen., relationship, association, intimate or natural connection, agreement, kindred, resemblance, affinity (freq. and class.):B.quibus (poëtis) est maxima cognatio cum oratoribus,
Cic. de Or. 3, 7, 27; id. Ac. 2, 36, 115:cognatio studiorum et artium,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 37, § 81; cf.:omnes artes... quasi cognatione quādam inter se continentur,
id. Arch. 1, 2:numerus... nec habebat aliquam necessitudinem aut cognationem cum oratione,
id. Or. 56, 187:numquam sibi cognationem cum praediis esse existimavit suis,
id. Sull. 20, 59:an potest cognatio propior ulla esse quam patriae?
id. Phil. 5, 2, 6:cum rerum naturā,
id. Div. 2, 14, 33:rerum duarum,
subjects, Quint. 9, 2, 105:dierum ac noctium,
Plin. 6, 33, 39, § 211:quid in litteris proprium, quid commune, quae cum quibus cognatio,
Quint. 1, 4, 12; 1, 10, 36:huic (napthae) magna cognatio ignium,
Plin. 2, 105, 109, § 235.—Transf., concr., of works of art:Pamphili cognatio et proelium ad Phliuntem ac victoria Atheniensium,
the allied commanders painted by Pamphilus, Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 76; 35, 11, 40, § 136. -
55 familiaritas
fămĭlĭārĭtas, ātis, f. [familiaris, II. B. I.], familiarity, intimacy, familiar intercourse, friendship, intimate acquaintance.I.Prop. (freq. and class.; in sing. and plur.;II.syn.: amicitia, necessitudo, notitia): familiaritas tanta nullo cum hospite... ut nihil sit familiaritate nostra conjunctius,
Cic. Fam. 13, 19, 1; cf.:cum Antipatro Derbete mihi... summa familiaritas intercedit,
id. ib. 13, 73, 2:cum P. Terentio Hispone mihi summa familiaritas consuetudoque est,
id. ib. 13, 65, 1:viri boni... familiaritate conjuncti,
id. Off. 1, 17, 55:memorabilis C. Laelii et P. Scipionis,
id. Lael. 1, 4:digna mihi res nostrā familiaritate visa est,
id. ib.: Verginii familiaritate delector, id. ib. 27, 101:familiaritatem consuetudo affert,
id. Deiot. 14, 39:in alicujus familiaritatem venire,
id. Fam. 7, 15, 2:in familiaritatem intrare penitus,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 5, § 15:se insinuare,
id. Caecin. 5, 13:sese dare,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 70, § 169:recipere aliquem,
id. Phil. 2, 32, 78:ad ali cujus familiaritatem se applicare,
id. Clu. 16, 46:versatus in intima familiaritate hominis potentissimi,
id. Balb. 26, 58:aliquem familiaritate devincire,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2, § 4 et saep.—In plur.:consuetudines et familiaritates,
Cic. Off. 1, 17, 53:inveteratas familiaritates exstinguere (opp.: odia sempiterna),
id. Lael. 10, 35:jam a sapientium familiaritatibus ad vulgares amicitias oratio nostra delabitur,
id. ib. 21, 76.—Transf., in plur. concr. for familiares, intimate acquaintances, friends:omnes amicitias et familiaritates intra breve tempus afflixit,
Suet. Tib. 51 fin. —In sing.:e praecipua familiaritate Neronis,
Tac. A. 15, 50. -
56 heus!
heus! interj. Used in calling attention, ho! ho there! hark! holloa! heus, reclude:heus, Tranio, etiamne aperis?... heus vos, pueri, quid istic agitis?
Plaut. Most. 4, 2, 28 sq.; cf.:Syre, Syre inquam, heus, heus Syre,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 107; so,heus, heus,
id. Eun. 2, 3, 45; 3, 3, 24; id. Ad. 4, 4, 17:heus, Phaedrome, exi, exi, exi, inquam ocius,
Plaut. Curc. 2, 2, 26; cf.:heus, Staphyla, prodi,
id. Aul. 2, 6, 1:heus, Strobile, sequere propere me,
id. ib. 2, 2, 86:heus, ecquis hic est?
holloa there, id. Amph. 4, 1, 12; id. Bacch. 4, 1, 10; id. Most. 4, 2, 19; cf.:heus, ubi estis?
id. Capt. 4, 2, 50:heus, audin' quid ait?
id. ib. 3, 4, 60:et heus, jube illos illinc amabo abscedere,
id. Most. 2, 2, 36:heus age, responde,
Pers. 2, 17:heus bone, tu palles,
id. 3, 94:heus, etiam mensas consumimus?
Verg. A. 7, 116:heus tu, te volo,
Plaut. Curc. 3, 21; cf. id. ib. 1, 3, 29:heus tu, Rufio, cave sis mentiaris,
Cic. Mil. 22, 60:heus tu,
Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 30; 5, 3, 8; id. Cas. 4, 4, 15; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 22; 3, 5, 46; id. Phorm. 2, 3, 51; Hor. S. 1, 3, 21:heus vos,
Plaut. Casin. 2, 2, 2; id. Most. 4, 2, 72; id. Pers. 5, 2, 63: Ch. Atque heus tu. Ni. Quid vis? Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 93: Ph. Sed heus tu. Pa. Quid vis? Ter. Eun. 2, 1, 11:sed heus tu,
id. ib. 3, 1, 44; id. Heaut. 2, 3, 128; Cic. Att. 1, 16, 13; 15, 11, 4; id. Fam. 7, 11, 2.—Heus always begins a clause, except sometimes in Terence:omnium rerum heus necessitudo est,
Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 45. -
57 necessaria
nĕcessārĭus, a, um, adj. ( comp. necessarior, Tert. Patient. 11; id. Test. Anim. 4 al.) [necesse], unavoidable, inevitable, indispensable, needful, requisite, necessary: necessarium ait esse Opilius Aurelius, in quo non sit cessandum, aut sine quo vivi non [p. 1195] possit: aut sine quo non bene vivatur: aut quod non possit prohiberi, quin fiat, Paul. ex Fest. p. 162 Müll.I.Lit.:* B.necessarius et fatalis, opp. voluntarius,
Cic. Phil. 10, 9, 9; cf.: id quod imperatur necessarium;illud, quod permittitur, voluntarium est,
id. Inv. 2, 49, 145:necessaria conclusio,
id. Top. 16, 60:leges fatales et necessariae,
id. Univ. 12:omnia quae sint ad vivendum necessaria,
id. Off. 1, 4, 11:senatori necessarium est, nōsse rem publicam,
id. Leg. 3, 18, 41.—So without dat., = necesse est:ne tam necessarium quidem est male meritis quam optime referre quod debeas,
id. post Red. ad Quir. 9, 22:castra ponere necessarium visum est,
Liv. 21, 58, 6; Plin. Ep. 10, 37, 3; Gai. Inst. 3, 216:necessariā re coactus,
by necessity, Caes. B. C. 1, 40: quod tam necessario tempore ab iis non sublevetur, time of need or necessity, id. B. G. 1, 16:cum longius necessario procederent,
farther than was necessary, too far, id. ib. 7, 16:res magis necessariae,
Cic. Inv. 2, 49, 145:res maxime necessaria,
id. Fam. 2, 6, 2:necessarior medela,
Tert. Patient. 11:necessarior sententia,
id. Test. Anim. 4:necessariores operas,
id. Cult. Tem. 1, 5; id. Res. Carn. 31:aliquid necessarius,
id. Carn. Christ. 7 med. — Subst.: nĕcessārĭa, ōrum, n., the necessaries of life:Persae armis positis ad necessaria ex proximo vico ferenda discurrunt,
Curt. 5, 12, 6:plebes sic adcensa uti... sua necessaria post illius honorem ducerent,
Sall. J. 73, 6; Front. Strat. 3, 14, 4.—In partic.:II.necessariae partes,
the private parts, Gai. Inst. 3, § 193.—Transf., connected with another by natural or moral ties (of blood, friendship, clientship), belonging, related, connected, bound.(α).Adj.: cum utrique sis maxime necessarius, Balb. et Opp. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 7, A: victoria hominis necessarii, of a friend, Mat. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 2; so,(β).homo,
of a father-in-law, Nep. Dat. 6:ut a latronibus redimeret necessarias mulieri personas,
Dig. 24, 3, 21: necessarius heres = suus heres, the natural heir, who was in the potestas of the deceased (opp. to heres extraneus), Gai. Inst. 2, 37; 3, 153; 156; Dig. 38, 16, 1.—Subst.: nĕcessārĭus, i, m., a relation, relative, kinsman, connection, friend, client, patron (cf. necessitudo, II.; syn.: familiaris, intimus): necessarii sunt, ut Gallus Aelius ait, qui aut cognati aut affines sunt, in quos necessaria officia conferuntur praeter ceteros, Paul. ex Fest. p. 162 Müll.; necessarius angustus, a very near relative, Fragm. Jur. Civ. p. 86 Mai.:1.L. Torquatus meus familiaris ac necessarius,
Cic. Sull. 1, 2:in iis necessariis, qui tibi a patre relicti sunt, me tibi esse vel conjunctissimum,
id. Fam. 13, 29, 1: nĕcessārĭa, ae, f., a female relative or friend:virgo Vestalis hujus propinqua et necessaria,
id. Mur. 35, 73:Cerelliae, necessariae meae, rem commendavi tibi,
id. Fam. 13, 72, 1.—Hence, adv.nĕcessārĭē (rare), unavoidably, necessarily:2.necessarie demonstrari,
Cic. Inv. 1, 29, 44:comparato cibo,
Val. Max. 7, 6, 3.—nĕcessārĭō (the most usual form):necessario reviviscere,
Cic. Fam. 6, 10, 5:quibuscum vivo necessario,
id. ib. 5, 21, 1:quod necessario rem Caesari enuntiārit,
Caes. B. G. 1, 17:copias parat,
Sall. J. 21, 1; Quint. 10, 1, 29; 5, 10, 80; Lact. 2, 12. -
58 necessarius
nĕcessārĭus, a, um, adj. ( comp. necessarior, Tert. Patient. 11; id. Test. Anim. 4 al.) [necesse], unavoidable, inevitable, indispensable, needful, requisite, necessary: necessarium ait esse Opilius Aurelius, in quo non sit cessandum, aut sine quo vivi non [p. 1195] possit: aut sine quo non bene vivatur: aut quod non possit prohiberi, quin fiat, Paul. ex Fest. p. 162 Müll.I.Lit.:* B.necessarius et fatalis, opp. voluntarius,
Cic. Phil. 10, 9, 9; cf.: id quod imperatur necessarium;illud, quod permittitur, voluntarium est,
id. Inv. 2, 49, 145:necessaria conclusio,
id. Top. 16, 60:leges fatales et necessariae,
id. Univ. 12:omnia quae sint ad vivendum necessaria,
id. Off. 1, 4, 11:senatori necessarium est, nōsse rem publicam,
id. Leg. 3, 18, 41.—So without dat., = necesse est:ne tam necessarium quidem est male meritis quam optime referre quod debeas,
id. post Red. ad Quir. 9, 22:castra ponere necessarium visum est,
Liv. 21, 58, 6; Plin. Ep. 10, 37, 3; Gai. Inst. 3, 216:necessariā re coactus,
by necessity, Caes. B. C. 1, 40: quod tam necessario tempore ab iis non sublevetur, time of need or necessity, id. B. G. 1, 16:cum longius necessario procederent,
farther than was necessary, too far, id. ib. 7, 16:res magis necessariae,
Cic. Inv. 2, 49, 145:res maxime necessaria,
id. Fam. 2, 6, 2:necessarior medela,
Tert. Patient. 11:necessarior sententia,
id. Test. Anim. 4:necessariores operas,
id. Cult. Tem. 1, 5; id. Res. Carn. 31:aliquid necessarius,
id. Carn. Christ. 7 med. — Subst.: nĕcessārĭa, ōrum, n., the necessaries of life:Persae armis positis ad necessaria ex proximo vico ferenda discurrunt,
Curt. 5, 12, 6:plebes sic adcensa uti... sua necessaria post illius honorem ducerent,
Sall. J. 73, 6; Front. Strat. 3, 14, 4.—In partic.:II.necessariae partes,
the private parts, Gai. Inst. 3, § 193.—Transf., connected with another by natural or moral ties (of blood, friendship, clientship), belonging, related, connected, bound.(α).Adj.: cum utrique sis maxime necessarius, Balb. et Opp. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 7, A: victoria hominis necessarii, of a friend, Mat. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 2; so,(β).homo,
of a father-in-law, Nep. Dat. 6:ut a latronibus redimeret necessarias mulieri personas,
Dig. 24, 3, 21: necessarius heres = suus heres, the natural heir, who was in the potestas of the deceased (opp. to heres extraneus), Gai. Inst. 2, 37; 3, 153; 156; Dig. 38, 16, 1.—Subst.: nĕcessārĭus, i, m., a relation, relative, kinsman, connection, friend, client, patron (cf. necessitudo, II.; syn.: familiaris, intimus): necessarii sunt, ut Gallus Aelius ait, qui aut cognati aut affines sunt, in quos necessaria officia conferuntur praeter ceteros, Paul. ex Fest. p. 162 Müll.; necessarius angustus, a very near relative, Fragm. Jur. Civ. p. 86 Mai.:1.L. Torquatus meus familiaris ac necessarius,
Cic. Sull. 1, 2:in iis necessariis, qui tibi a patre relicti sunt, me tibi esse vel conjunctissimum,
id. Fam. 13, 29, 1: nĕcessārĭa, ae, f., a female relative or friend:virgo Vestalis hujus propinqua et necessaria,
id. Mur. 35, 73:Cerelliae, necessariae meae, rem commendavi tibi,
id. Fam. 13, 72, 1.—Hence, adv.nĕcessārĭē (rare), unavoidably, necessarily:2.necessarie demonstrari,
Cic. Inv. 1, 29, 44:comparato cibo,
Val. Max. 7, 6, 3.—nĕcessārĭō (the most usual form):necessario reviviscere,
Cic. Fam. 6, 10, 5:quibuscum vivo necessario,
id. ib. 5, 21, 1:quod necessario rem Caesari enuntiārit,
Caes. B. G. 1, 17:copias parat,
Sall. J. 21, 1; Quint. 10, 1, 29; 5, 10, 80; Lact. 2, 12. -
59 necessitas
nĕcessĭtas, ātis ( gen. plur. -ātium, Caes. B. G. 7, 89, 1), f. [necesse], unavoidableness, inevitableness, necessity, compulsion, force, exigency.I.Lit.: hinc exsistit illa fatalis necessitas, quam heimarmenên dicitis, ut, quidquid accidat, id ex aeternā veritate, causarumque continuatione fluxisse dicatis, Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 55:II.ut, etiam si naturā tales (i. e. feroces) non sint, necessitate esse coguntur,
by the compulsion of circumstances, id. Fam. 4, 9, 3:tempori cedere, id est necessitati parere, semper sapientis est habitum,
id. ib. 4, 9, 2:veniam necessitati dare,
id. Off. 2, 16, 56:necessitatem alicui afferre,
id. Phil. 10, 1, 2. necessitas mihi obvenit alicujus rei, id. Off. 2, 21, 74:ex necessitate aliquid facere,
Tac. H. 3, 62:ac nescio an majores necessitates vobis, quam captivis vestris, fortuna circumdederit,
Liv. 21, 43:extrema necessitas,
i. e. death, Sall. H. 1, 41, 15 Dietsch; Tac. A. 15, 61; id. H. 1, 72:necessitate me, mala ut fiam, facis,
Plaut. Pers. 3, 1, 54.—Prov.:facere de necessitate virtutem,
to make a virtue of necessity, Hier. in Ruf. 3, n. 2; id. Ep. 54, n. 6:quam cum pecuniam profudisset, et sibi nihil non modo ad cupiditates suas, sed ne ad necessitatem quidem reliquisset,
Cic. Clu. 25, 68.—Transf.A.Fate, destiny, a law of nature:B.signorum ortus et obitus... quadam ex necessitate semper eodem modo fiunt,
Cic. Inv. 1, 34, 59:humana consilia divina necessitate esse superata,
id. Lig. 6, 17:ut vita, quae necessitati deberetur,
id. Sest. 21, 47:ut id fatum vim necessitatis adferret,
id. Fat. 17, 39:et vis omnium rerum,
id. ib. 20, 48:fati,
Liv. 1, 42.—In plur. concr., necessaries, necessary things, necessary expenses:C.reliquis autem tribus virtutibus necessitates propositae sunt ad eas res parandas, quibus actio vitae continetur,
Cic. Off. 1, 5, 17:vitae necessitatibus servire,
id. Div. 1, 49, 110:suarum necessitatum causa,
wants, interests, Caes. B. G. 7, 89:publicae necessitates,
Liv. 23, 48, 10:necessitates ac largitiones,
Tac. A. 1, 11.—Necessity, need, want (mostly post-Aug.):D.famem et ceteras necessitates tantopere tolerabant, ut, etc.,
Suet. Caes. 68; id. Tib. 47:quod pro honore acceptum etiam necessitatibus subvenit,
Tac. G. 15:neque enim necessitatibus tantummodo nostris provisum est, usque in delicias amamur,
Sen. Ben. 4, 5, 1; cf.:sustinere necessitates aliorum,
Liv. 6, 15, 9.—For necessitudo, connection, relationship, friendship:E.si nostram necessitatem familiaritatemque violāsset,
Cic. Sull. 1, 2:magnam necessitatem possidet paternus maternusque sanguis,
bond of affection, intimacy, id. Rosc. Am. 24, 66: equidem mihi videor pro nostrā necessitate non labore defuisse, Caes. ap. Gell. 13, 3, 5 (cited ap. Non. 354, 11).—Personified: Necessitas, the goddess of necessity, the Gr. Anankê:te semper anteit saeva Necessitas,
Hor. C. 1, 35, 17; cf. Macr. S. 1, 19; and v. clavus. -
60 officium
offĭcĭum, ii, n. [for opificium, opus and facio], qs. that which one does for another, a service, whether of free will or of (external or moral) necessity (class.; cf.: studium, beneficium, meritum, munus).I.A voluntary service, a kindness, favor, courtesy, rendered to one whose claim to it is recognized;A.while beneficium is a service rendered where there is no claim: officium esse filii, uxoris, earum personarum, quas necessitudo suscitat et ferre opem jubet,
Sen. Ben. 3, 18, 1.In gen.:B.altera sententia est, quae definit amicitiam paribus officiis ac voluntatibus,
Cic. Lael. 16, 58:odiosum sane genus hominum officia exprobrantium,
id. ib. 20, 71:nihil est vicissitudine studiorum officiorumque jucundius,
id. ib. 14, 49: filicem cum officio vicini decidere, so as to do him a service, Col. 2, 14, 6:summo officio praeditus homo,
exceedingly obliging, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 51, § 135. —In partic.1.A ceremonial observance, ceremony, attendance (on a festive or solemn occasion;2.mostly post-Aug.): officio togae virilis interfui,
Plin. Ep. 1, 9, 2:sine solenni officio,
Suet. Claud. 2:per sollenne nuptiarum celeberrimo officio deductum ad se,
id. Ner. 28; cf. id. Claud. 26:ad officium venire,
id. Calig. 25:relicto statim novorum consulum officio,
id. Caes. 50:in officio salutationis,
id. Aug. 27:vitans praeter navigantium officia,
id. Tib. 12:officia prosequentium,
id. Caes. 71:quod supremis in matrem officiis defuisset,
at the payment of the last offices, at the funeral, Tac. A. 5, 2:officium cras Primo sole mihi peragendum in valle Quirini,
a ceremonial visit, Juv. 2, 133 sq.; 3, 239.—In mal. part., compliance, favor, Prop. 3, 15, 24; Ov. Am. 1, 10, 46; 3, 7, 24; cf.II.virile,
Theod. Prisc. 2, 11:puerile,
Plaut. Cist. 4, 1, 5; Petr. 140.—In gen., an obligatory service, an obligation, duty, function, part, office (so most freq. in prose and poetry of all periods):B.nulla vitae pars neque publicis neque privatis neque forensibus neque domesticis in rebus, neque si tecum agas quid, neque, si cum altero contrahas, vacare oflicio potest: in eoque et colendo sita vitae est honestas omnis et in neglegendo turpitudo, etc.,
Cic. Off. 1, 2, 4 sq.: perfectum officium rectum opinor vocemus, quod Graeci katorthôma: hoc autem commune kathêkon vocant, id. ib. 1, 3, 8;an id doles, quia illi suum officium non colunt, quom tu tuum facis?
Plaut. Stich. 1, 1, 34; id. ib. 1, 1, 39; id. Pers. 4, 4, 66:meminisse officium suum,
to remember one's duty, id. Trin. 3, 2, 71.—Also, subject., a sense of duty:si quis aegre ferat nihil in se esse virtutis, nihil officii, etc.,
Cic. Tusc. 4, 28, 61:quicquid in eum judicii officiique contuleris,
id. Fam. 10, 1 fin.:intellegere, utrum apud eos pudor atque officium an timor valeret,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40, 14:suum facere,
to do one's duty, Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 44:omnibus officiis amicitiae servatis,
observe all the obligations of friendship, Cic. Fam. 5, 17, 3:exsequi,
id. Att. 3, 15, 4:fungi officio,
id. Fam. 3, 8, 3:satisfacere officio,
to perform, id. Div. in Caecil. 14, 47:officium suum deserere,
to disregard one's duty, not perform it, id. Off. 1, 9, 28:discedere ab officio,
id. ib. 1, 10, 32:deesse officio suo,
id. Fam. 7, 3, 1:officii duxit,
considered it his duty, Suet. Tib. 11.—Of animals:canes funguntur officiis luporum,
act the part of, Auct. Her. 4, 34, 46.—Of things:neque pes neque mens satis suum officium facit,
Ter. Eun. 4, 5, 3: officium corporis, the function or property of a body, Lucr. 1, 336 and 362.—In partic.1.Lit., an official duty, a service, employment, business (class.):2.toti officio maritimo M. Bibulus praepositus cuncta administrabat,
naval service, Caes. B. C. 3, 5 fin.; 3, 8:celeriter equitatus ad cotidianum itineris officium revertitur,
id. ib. 1, 80:confecto legationis officio,
id. ib. 3, 103:destringor officio,
Plin. Ep. 7, 15, 1:officium (scribae),
Nep. Eum. 1, 5.—Transf., an office, appointment (post-Aug.).a.Laboriosissimum et maximum, office, Plin. Pan. 91:b.nova officia excogitavit,
Suet. Aug. 37; cf.:novum officium instituit a voluptatibus,
id. Tib. 42:obligationes, quae non propriis viribus consistunt, neque officio judicis, neque praetoris imperio neque legis potestate confirmantur,
Dig. 44, 7, 27:qui ex officio pro aliis interveniunt,
by virtue of their office, ib. 21, 1, 31, § 14:ministerii,
Vulg. Exod. 28, 35:sacerdotum,
id. Num. 7, 8.—Transf., in concr.(α).The officials or attendants on a magistrate = officialium corpus (post-class.):(β).sub praetextu adventus officiorum vel militum,
Dig. 1, 18, 6; 21, 2, 74:deponere aliquid apud officium,
ib. 2, 4. 17: officia palatina, officers at the imperial court, Treb. Poll. Gall. 17, 8.—
См. также в других словарях:
necessitudo — index affinity (family ties) Burton s Legal Thesaurus. William C. Burton. 2006 … Law dictionary
necessitudo — /nasesat(y)uwdow/ In the civil law, an obligation; a close connection; relationship by blood … Black's law dictionary
necessitudo — /nasesat(y)uwdow/ In the civil law, an obligation; a close connection; relationship by blood … Black's law dictionary
Hoc unum in nobilitate bonum ut nobilibus imposita necessitudo vedetur, ne a majorum virtute degener… — Hoc unum in nobilitate bonum ut nobilibus imposita necessitudo vedetur, ne a majorum virtute degenerant. См. Чести дворянин не кинет, хоть головушка погинет … Большой толково-фразеологический словарь Михельсона (оригинальная орфография)
comperage — Comperage, et Commerage, Lustrica cognitio, Initialis necessitudo, In lustrali piscina propinquitas contracta, Spiritualis necessitudo. B … Thresor de la langue françoyse
parrins — Parrins, et Marrines, Aduocatio initialis, Lustrici parentes, Parentes initiales, Lustrici nuncupatores, Proditores nominis initiali die, Alterius geniturae parentes, Immortalis geniturae mystici parentes. Initiationis arbitri, Mystica… … Thresor de la langue françoyse
Necessitude — Ne*ces si*tude, n. [L. necessitudo, fr. necesse. See {Necessray}.] 1. Necessitousness; want. Sir M. Hale. [1913 Webster] 2. Necessary connection or relation. [1913 Webster] Between kings and their people, parents and their children, there is so… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Sodalitas — Sodalicum, Sodales термины римского сакрального права, имевшие отношение к Sacra publica. Под sodalitas подразумевалось товарищество или группа лиц, бравших на себя заботы о поддержании культа или вновь вводимого, или такого, который не мог… … Энциклопедический словарь Ф.А. Брокгауза и И.А. Ефрона
Римская религия и мифология — Р. религия в своем первоначальном развитии сводилась к анимизму, т. е. вере в одушевление природы. Древние италийцы поклонялись душам умерших, причем главным мотивом поклонения был страх перед сверхъестественной их силой. Этот религиозный страх,… … Энциклопедический словарь Ф.А. Брокгауза и И.А. Ефрона
чести дворянин не кинет, хоть головушка погинет — За честь хоть голову с плеч. За честь голова гинет. Ср. Noblesse oblige, и он, живя с волками, считает благовременным и благоприличным выть по волчьи. В. Быстренин. Нет общества ( Новости , 26 го окт. 1900). Ср. Знать должна себя помнить, ибо… … Большой толково-фразеологический словарь Михельсона
Чести дворянин не кинет, хоть головушка погинет — Чести дворянинъ не кинетъ, хоть головушка погинетъ. За честь хоть голову съ плечъ. За честь голова гинетъ. Ср. Noblesse oblige и онъ, живя съ волками, считаетъ благовременнымъ и благоприличнымъ выть по волчьи. В. Быстренинъ. Нѣтъ общества… … Большой толково-фразеологический словарь Михельсона (оригинальная орфография)
