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1 mustang
(Of uncertain origin. Probably a combination of mesteño [mestéjio], mestengo [mestérjgo], mestenco [mestérjko], and mostrenco [mostrérjko]. See accompanying explanation)1) Clark: 1800s. An untamed horse, or one that used to be tame, but has returned to the wild. The term originally referred to the horses brought to this continent by Spanish settlers, many of which escaped or were stolen by Indians and ended up running in wild herds in the West and Southwest. The origin of this term is disputed. One theory holds that mustang derives from mesteño, a Spanish term whose principal meaning is an animal (or thing) belonging to the Mesta, an association of owners of livestock (founded in 1273 by the Spanish government, according to Watts) that bred, fed, and sold their animals for their common good. A mesteño was an animal that had become separated from its owner and was considered to be the property of the entire Mesta. Although this term shows a semantic similarity to the English word, it is difficult to justify the nasal and velar consonants in the derived form. Three more likely sources are mestenco, mestengo, and mostrenco, all of which mean 'having no known owner' (according to the DRAE, mestengo refers especially to animals). The first two terms probably derived from mesteño, and the third is itself an adaptation of mestenco (with influence from the verb mostrar 'to show,' since stray animals had to be presented to the Mesta). It is likely that the English mustang derived from one of these three terms or from a combination of the three.Alternate forms: mestang, mestaña, mestengo, mesteño.2) Carlisle: 1929. As a verb, to hunt mustangs with the intention of snaring and domesticating them.3) By extension from (1), a mustang is also a person who is uncouth or unaccustomed to "civilized" society. -
2 mustang
m.mustang. -
3 Mustang Americano
m.American Mustang. -
4 Mustang Español
m.Spanish Mustang. -
5 mustang court
Hendrickson references this term as synonymous with kangaroo court. In the Southwest this was one run by vigilantes rather than legal officials, especially in early Texas or in mining communities. -
6 mustang cattle
Wild black cattle that roamed freely over regions of Texas. -
7 mustang clover
California: 1925. A plant of the genus Gilia or the Linanthus montanus. -
8 run mustang
According to Watts, "to hunt wild horses from the saddle." -
9 mesteño
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10 mustango
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11 mustanger
A man who hunted mustangs for gain or for sport. Interestingly, Santamaría references a similar term in Mexican Spanish, mus-tanguero, which he defines as a name given in northern Mexico and southern parts of the United States to hunters of wild horses on the open prairies. In this case, Spanish has reborrowed the English form and its accompanying meaning. Alternate terms: mustang hunter, mustang runner. -
12 bronco
(Sp. model spelled same [bróŋko], of uncertain origin; may be from Latin broncus, via broccus 'having long, uneven teeth' as the DRAE concludes; or from an early Spanish term meaning originally 'piece of a cut branch' or 'knot in wood' < Vulgar Latin * bruncus, a cross between broccus 'pointed object' and truncus 'trunk' as Corominas hypothesizes)Clark: 1850s. Hendrickson, Clark, and Blevins all reference this term.1) Originally applied to a wild or unbroken horse. It could be used as an alternate term for mustang. It was later applied more loosely to any unmanageable or vicious horse. More recently, the term refers to any horse used by a cowboy.2) The term could also be an adjective describing an unruly horse or a wild, rebellious person. The DRAE references the adjective bronco, meaning crude, rough, or unrefined, and also mentions a noun form used in Mexico meaning an untamed horse. Santamaría concurs, describing a bronco as a horse that has not yet been broken and therefore fights the reins and rider.Alternate forms: bronc, bronch, broncho.Cowboys came to prefer the anglicized form bronc. -
13 mestang
See mustang -
14 mestengo
See mustang -
15 mustangler
A man who herds mustangs. Watts indicates that this term is a blend of mustang and wrangler. -
16 orejanos
(Sp. model spelled same [orexáno] < older form orellano 'lateral; separated; set to one side' < orilla 'edge, border,' diminutive of Latin dram 'edge; shore.' Coraminas indicates that this term does not come from oreja, as is commonly believed. It originally referred to wild animals or those that kept to remote or solitary places. Later the term was influenced by oreja, since animals that were not orellanos were earmarked)California, Oregon, Nevada: 1924. Wild cattle, or cattle that have not been earbranded. Also any unbranded cow, bull, calf, or (rarely) horse. The DRAE glosses orejano as an animal that does not have a mark or brand on its ear or any other part of its body. Islas concurs.Alternate forms: oreanas, orejanas.Also known as black cattle, cimarrones, longears, mesteñas, mustang cattle, mustangs, Spanish cattle, slick-ears, wild cattle.
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17 Spanish horse
A horse descended from those brought by the Spanish explorers. It could be either a horse with solid, fine breeding (generally a bay or sorrel), or a mustang.
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