multitudes

* * *

cĕlē̆bro, āvi, ātum, v. a. [id.].

To go to a place or person in great numbers or often, to frequent, to fill (syn. frequento;

class.): deūm delubra festis diebus,

Lucr. 5, 1167:

viam,

Cic. Cael. 14, 34; id. Sest. 63, 131:

domum alicujus,

id. Mur. 34, 70:

atria,

Ov. M. 1, 172:

silvas,

id. ib. 10, 703:

tecta,

id. ib. 4, 444:

forum,

id. ib. 4, 144; cf.:

forum maxime celebratum,

Sall. J. 47, 1:

Penates, i. e. domum redire,

Tib. 1, 3, 33:

me magistrum,

id. 1, 4, 75.—

Of a desired action (cf. celeber, B.), to do something frequently or in multitudes, to practise, engage in, say, use, employ, repeat, = frequento, etc.:

intro abite atque haec cito celebrate,

i. e. in company, all together, Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 36:

ad eas artes, quibus a pueris dediti fuimus, celebrandas inter nosque recolendas,

Cic. de Or. 1, 1, 2:

cognitionem exercitationemque,

id. ib. 3, 28, 110:

genus divinationis,

id. Div. 1, 2, 3; cf.:

celebratum genus mortis,

a kind of death suffered by many, Tac. H. 2, 49 fin.:

necessitatem,

Cic. de Or. 3, 38, 155:

jurisdictionem,

Liv. 6, 32, 1:

popularem potestatem,

id. 2, 42, 6:

iambum,

Quint. 10, 1, 96:

seria ac jocos cum aliquo,

Liv. 1, 4, 9.—

Aliquid aliquā re, to fill up with something:

contiones suas convicio cantorum,

Cic. Sest. 55, 118:

ripas carmine,

Ov. M. 2, 252 (cf.:

concelebrant ripas,

Lucr. 2, 345):

cujus litteris, famā, nuntiis celebrantur aures cottidie meae,

i. e. are filled, full, Cic. Prov. Cons. 9, 22.— Poet.: juvenes multo sermone, to talk much with [p. 309] them, Tib. 1, 6, 17.—

Meton.

To go in great numbers to a celebration; hence, in gen., to celebrate, solemnize, keep a festival:

festos dies,

Cic. Arch. 6, 13; cf.:

is (dies) festus celebratusque per omnem Africam,

Sall. J. 66, 2; Cic. Pis. 22, 51; id. Cat. 3, 10, 23; Liv. 10, 37, 12; Tac. A. 15, 53; Suet. Aug. 75; id. Tib. 65 init.; Hor. S. 2, 2, 61; Ov. M. 4, 4:

convivium omnium sermone laetitiāque,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 26, § 66; Liv. 40, 14, 2; Tac. A. 4, 59; cf.

coetum,

Verg. A. 1, 735:

conjugia,

id. ib. 7, 555; cf.

nuptias,

Liv. 36, 11, 2; cf.:

solemnia nuptiarum,

Tac. A. 11, 26 fin.:

officium nuptiarum,

Suet. Claud. 26; and poet.:

taedas jugales Thetidis,

Cat. 64, 302:

annua sacra,

Verg. A. 8, 173; cf. id. ib. 5, 598 and 603: funus, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 49, 117; cf.

exsequias,

Liv. 25, 17, 5; 37, 22, 2:

diem natalem Vitellii,

Tac. H. 2, 95; Lact. 1, 20, 6; Plin. Ep. 10, 102 (103):

natales,

id. ib. 6, 30, 1; Tac. A. 6, 18; and absol.:

totā celebrante Siciliā sepultus est,

Nep. Timol. 5 fin. —

To honor, praise, celebrate the praises of a person or thing, to celebrate in song (syn.:

colere, laudare, illustrare): laus, quae non poetarum carminibus, non annalium monumentis celebratur,

Cic. Rab. Post. 16, 43; cf. id. Planc. 39, 93:

vestrum egressum ornando atque celebrando,

id. Pis. 13, 31:

fortuna res cunctas ex libidine magis quam ex vero celebrat obscuratque,

Sall. C. 8, 1:

talia carminibus,

Verg. A. 8, 303:

nomen alicujus scriptis,

Cic. Fam. 5, 12, 1:

facta pro maxumis,

Sall. C. 8, 3:

domestica facta,

Hor. A. P. 287: se remque publicam haec faciundo, to make renowned, Sall J. 85, 36: Mari virtutem in majus ( = epi to meizon kosmein), id. ib. 73, 5:

augereque aliquem,

id. ib. 86, 3: honores alicujus, celebrate one ' s honor, Verg. A. 12, 840:

memoriam,

Tac. H. 1, 78:

victoriam ingenti fama,

id. Agr. 39 al.:

virum aut heroa lyrā, etc.,

Hor. C. 1, 12, 2:

sepulcrum hominum conventu et epulis,

Cic. Fl. 38, 95:

memoriam nominis epulis,

id. Fin. 2, 31, 103:

litora ludis,

Verg. A. 3, 280:

sententiam magno assensu,

Tac. A. 15, 22:

mortem funere censorio,

id. ib. 6, 27:

aliquem admiratione,

id. H. 2, 71:

obsequio,

id. A. 16, 33:

funere publico,

id. ib. 6, 11 fin. —

Without the access. idea of extolling, in gen., to make something known, to publish abroad, proclaim:

quibus in locis factum esse consulem Murenam nuntii litteraeque celebrassent,

Cic. Mur. 41, 89:

quod vocibus maledictisque celebratum est,

id. Cael. 3, 6:

quā re celebratā,

id. Div. 1, 17, 31.— cĕlĕbrā-tus, a, um, P. a.

(Acc. to I. a.) Frequented, much visited:

forum rerum venalium totius regni maxime celebratum,

Sall. J. 47, 1.—

(Acc. to I. b.) Customary, usual, frequent:

tritum atque celebratum,

Cic. Fl. 27, 65:

celebratum est usque in proverbium,

Quint. 1, 10, 21:

schemata,

id. 9, 2, 92:

usus anuli celebratior,

Plin. 33, 1, 6, § 28:

verbum celebratius,

Gell. 17, 2, 25 (cf. id. 17, 2, 25, § 17: verbum crebrius, and id. 17, 2, 25, § 18: verbum creberrimum).—

(Acc. to II. A.) Solemn, festive, brilliant:

dies celebratior,

Ov. M. 7, 430:

supplicatio celebratior,

Liv. 3, 63, 5.—

(Acc. to II. B.) Known, celebrated, famous:

loci famā celebrati,

Tac. A. 2, 54:

quo Actiacae victoriae memoria celebratior in posterum esset,

Suet. Aug. 18.— Adv., v. celebriter.

con-cĕlē̆bro, āvi, ātum, 1, v..a. (a strengthened celebro; rare but class.).

To resort to in multitudes or frequently, to frequent:

variae volucres loca aquarum Concelebrant,

Lucr. 2, 345:

convivia et passim et tributim,

Q. Cic. Pet. Cons. 11, 44. —

Of actions, to pursue or prosecute vigorously:

studia per otium,

Cic. Inv. 1, 3, 4.—

Aliquid aliquā re, or absol., to fill, animate, enliven, cause to abound with any thing:

suavi cantu concelebra omnem hanc Plateam hymenaeo,

Plaut. Cas. 4, 3, 2:

levia carmina cantu,

Lucr. 5, 1381:

alma Venus quae terras concelebras,

who hast filled with life, id. 1, 4.—

Meton.

To celebrate a solemnity in great numbers, to celebrate, solemnize:

diem natalem,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 32; cf.:

dies carnificum,

id. As. 2, 2, 45:

funus,

Liv. 8, 7, 22:

at jam quoque rem (sc. triumphum) populus Romanus omnium studio omni visendam et concelebrandam putavit,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 21, 61 Orell. N. cr.:

spectaculum, etc.,

Liv. 1, 9, 7:

dapes,

Ov. F 4, 354.—

To honor, praise, extol:

genium choreis,

Tib. 1, 7, 49.—

To publish abroad, make known:

summae virtutis concelebrandae causā Graii... monumentum statuerunt,

Cic. Inv. 2, 23, 70:

rumorem,

Q. Cic. Pet. Cons. 13, 50: multis indu locis sermonibu' concelebrarunt, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 275, 2:

famā ac litteris victoriam,

Caes. B. C. 3, 72 fin.

con-curro, curri, cursum, 3 ( perf. redupl. concucurrit, Flor. 4, 2, 33 Duker N. cr.: concucurrisse, Cato ap. Prisc. p. 901 P., and Suet. Caes. 15; cf. Liv. 1, 12 Oud., and Ind. Flor. s. h. v. Duker), v. n.

To run together (of several persons), to come or assemble together in multitudes, to rush or flock together in crowds (very freq., and class.).

Prop.

Absol.:

tota Italia concurret,

Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 5, § 16: video hac tempestate concurrisse omnis adversarios, Cato ap. Prisc. 10, p. 901 P.:

concurrunt jussu meo plures uno tempore librarii,

Cic. Agr. 2, 5, 13:

cum omnes, ut mos est, concurrerent,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 26, § 65:

licet concurrant omnes plebei philosophi, nihil tam eleganter explicabunt, etc.,

unite, id. Tusc. 1, 23, 55:

multi concurrerant,

Nep. Dion, 10, 1; Sall. J. 60, 6:

concurrite, concurrite, cives,

Val. Max. 4, 1, 12.— Impers.: contionem inprimis advocari jubet;

summā cum expectatione concurritur,

Cic. Leg. 2, 5, 13.—

Designating the place from which, or the place or purpose to or for which:

non solum qui in urbe erant, sed etiam undique ex agris concurrerunt,

Nep. Pelop. 3, 3:

undique gentes,

Luc. 3, 321:

concurrunt laeti mi obviam cupedinarii omnes,

Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 25: ad hos (sc. Druides) magnus adulescentium numerus disciplinae causā concurrit, Caes. B. G. 6, 13; cf. Quint. 1, 2, 16:

ad eum magnae copiae,

Sall. C. 56, 5:

ad eum homines omnium ordirum corruptissimi,

id. H. 1, 48, 7 Dietsch:

ad curiam,

Cic. Rab. Post. 7, 18 (corresp. to convolare ad Rostra); Liv. 4, 60, 1; Suet. Tit. 11:

domum tuam cuncta civitas,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 31, § 80:

ad arma milites,

Caes. B. G. 3, 22 fin.; so id. ib. 5, 39 fin.:

ad non dubiam mortem,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 37, 89:

ad auxilium sociae,

Luc. 3, 663:

signum dedit, ut ad me restituendum Romam concurrerent,

Cic. Mil. 15, 39:

omnes concurrerunt ad Perdiccam opprimendum,

united together, Nep. Eum. 3, 1; id. Phoc. 2, 5:

ad aliquem audiendum,

Suet. Caes. 32. — Impers.:

concurritur undique ad commune incendium restinguendum,

Cic. Phil. 10, 10, 21:

concurrendum ad curiam putare,

id. Rab. Post. 7, 18:

cum ad arma concurri oporteret,

Caes. B. G. 2, 20:

ex proximis castellis eo concursum est,

id. ib. 2, 33:

concursum ad curiam esse,

Liv. 4, 60, 1: Suet. Calig. 6; Quint. 1, 2, 16.—

Poet., to run in attendance upon, to accompany:

est quibus Eleae concurrit palma quadrigae, as it were,

follows him on foot, accompanies, Prop. 3, 9 (4, 8), 17.—

Trop. = confugere, to run for refuge or help, to take refuge (rare):

ad C. Aquilium,

Cic. Quint. 16, 53 B. and K.:

nulla sedes, quo concurrant,

Cic. Att. 8, 3, 4:

ne darem perditis civibus hominem, quo concurrerent,

id. Ep. ad Brut. 2, 2, 3:

interea servitia repudiabat (Catilina), opibus conjurationis fretus,

Sall. C. 56, 5; Just. 19, 1, 9.—

Of words, as under military command:

ante enim circumscribitur mente sententia confestimque verba concurrunt, quae mens eadem... statim dimittit, ut suo quodque loco respondeat,

Cic. Or. 59, 200.—

To run upon one another, to meet or dash together (class.).

Of corporeal objects.

In gen.:

concurrunt nubes ventis,

Lucr. 6, 97; cf. id. 6, 116:

ne prorae concurrerent,

Liv. 37, 30, 4 (al. prorā; cf. Weissenb. ad loc.); cf. id. 44, 42, 5; Luc. 3, 663:

mediis concurrere in undis (montes, viz., the Symplegades),

Ov. M. 7, 62; cf. id. Am. 2, 11, 3:

concurrere montes duo inter se,

Plin. 2, 83, 85, § 199: actor cum stetit in scaenā, concurrit dextera laevae (viz., in applauding), Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 205:

labra concurrunt,

draw together, close, Sen. Ep. 11, 2: os concurrit, id. Ira, 3, 15, 1; id. Ben. 2, 1, 3:

os,

Quint. 10, 7, 8; 11, 3, 121.— Transf., of letters and words:

aspere concurrunt litterae,

Cic. de Or. 3, 43, 172 (opp. diduci); so id. Or. 45, 154.—Hence,

In partic., milit. t. t., to rush together in hostility, to engage in combat, to join battle, to fight (most freq. in the histt.); constr. inter se, cum aliquo, adversus, in, contra aliquem, alicui, and absol.

Inter se:

concurrunt equites inter se,

Caes. B. C. 2, 25; so Liv. 26, 51, 4; 29, 18, 10; Suet. Oth. 12; Verg. G. 1, 489; id. A. 10, 436.—

Cum aliquo:

cum hoc concurrit ipse Eumenes,

Nep. Eum. 4, 1; so Liv. 8, 8, 15; Vell. 2, 70, 1; Suet. Oth. 10; Ov. M. 13, 87.—

Adversus, in, or contra aliquem:

recenti milite adversus fessos longo itinere concurrerat,

Liv. 35, 1, 6 Weissenb. ad loc.:

in aliquem,

Sall. J. 97, 4; Just. 4, 1, 10: equites contra tantam multitudinem audacissime concurrunt, run upon, against, etc., Auct. B. Afr. 6.—

Alicui (freq. in the poets):

audet viris concurrere virgo,

Verg. A. 1, 493; 10, 8; Ov. M. 5, 89; 12, 595 al.:

quibus (equitibus) cum inpigre, Numidae concurrissent,

Liv. 24, 15, 7 Weissenb. ad loc.—

Absol.: repente Antonius in aciem suas copias de vico produxit et sine morā concurrit, Galb. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 30, 3:

cum infestis signis concurrunt,

Sall. C. 60, 2; so Liv. 6, 7, 6; 8, 7, 9 al.; Tac. A. 6, 35; id. H. 2, 42; Suet. Claud. 21:

ex insidiis,

Liv. 9, 25, 8; 2, 11, 9:

mutuis vulneribus,

Sen. Suas. 7, 14.— Impers. pass.:

ubi propius ventum est, utrimque magno clamore concurritur,

Sall. J. 53, 2; so Liv. 10, 40, 13; Hor. S. 1, 1, 7.— Transf.:

adversus has concurrentis belli minas, legati vallum murosque firmabant,

Tac. H. 4, 22 init. —

Not in war; in the jurists, to make the same claim, enter into competition with:

si non sit, qui ei concurrat, habeat solus bonorum possessionem,

Dig. 37, 1, 2:

in hereditatem fratri concurrere,

ib. 5, 2, 16:

in pignus,

ib. 20, 4, 7: in pignore, ib.—

Trop. (rare): in tantā causarum varietate cum alia colligantur vel ipsa inter se concurrant, vel in diversum ambiguitate ducantur, Quint. 12, 2, 15:

cum dolore,

Sen. Cons. ad Helv. 2:

concurrit illinc publica, hinc regis salus,

Sen. Oedip. 830.—

Of abstract objects (occurrences, circumstances, points of time, etc.), to meet, concur, fall out at the same time, happen:

multa concurrunt simul,

Ter. And. 3, 2, 31; so,

concurrunt multae opiniones,

id. Heaut. 2, 2, 3:

tot verisimilia,

id. Ad. 4, 4, 19:

res contrariae,

Cic. Fin. 5, 10, 28:

ista casu,

id. Div. 2, 68, 141:

quae ut concurrant omnia, optabile est,

id. Off. 1, 14, 45:

saepe concurrunt aliquorum bene de me meritorum inter ipsos contentiones,

id. Planc. 32, 78:

si quid tale accidisset, ut non concurrerent nomina,

that the reciprocal accounts do not meet, become due on the same day, id. Att. 16, 3, 5; cf.:

sponsalia in idem tempus,

Dig. 3, 2, 13:

concurrit actio legis Aquiliae et injuriarum,

to have place together, to be coincident, ib. 9, 2, 5.—

Pregn., to accord, agree with (in jurid. Lat.):

concurrit cum veritate,

Dig. 29, 2, 30:

cum summā,

ib. 29, 30, 53.

con-flŭo, xi, 3 (confluxet = confluxisset, Lucr. 1, 987), v. n., to flow or run together (class. in prose and poetry).

Prop.:

materies umoris,

Lucr. 6, 637:

in imum,

id. 5, 498:

copia materiai Undique confluxet ad imum,

id. 1, 987:

confluat aër,

id. 1, 389 al.:

Fibrenus divisus aequaliter in duas partes cito in unum confluit,

Cic. Leg. 2, 3, 6:

ibi Isara Rhodanusque amnes... confluunt in unum,

Liv. 21, 31, 4:

qui (portus) cum diversos inter se aditus habeant, in exitu conjunguntur et confluunt,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 52, § 117:

vasti amnes e diverso in Phasin confluunt,

Plin. 6, 4, 4, § 13:

qualis et in curvum pontus confluxerit orbem,

Tib. 4, 1, 20:

Panticapen confluere infra Olbiam cum Borysthene,

Plin. 4, 12, 26, § 83: a confluente Rhodano castra movi, i. e. where it unites with the Saōne, Lepidus ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 34, 1:

aqua in rivum confluit,

Dig. 8, 3, 20, § 1.—Hence,

conflŭens, entis, or conflŭentes, ium, subst. m., the place where two rivers unite, the confluence:

cum ad confluentem Mosae et Rheni pervenissent,

Caes. B. G. 4, 15.—In sing., Plin. 6, 26, 30, § 122:

a confluente supra dicto,

id. 3, 26, 29, § 149; Just. 32, 3, 8:

ubi Anienem transiit, ad confluentes collocat castra,

at the confluence of the Anio with the Tiber, Liv. 1, 27, 4; 4, 17, 2; id. Epit. 137; Plin. 6, 26, 31, § 126; Tac. H. 2, 40 al.—Hence, kat exochên, Conflŭentes, ium, the town of Coblentz, situated at the confluence of the Moselle with the Rhine, Suet. Calig. 8; Flor. 4, 6, 3; Amm. 16, 3, 1.—

Trop., of other objects, esp. of a great multitude, to flock or crowd together, to come together in multitudes:

multi confluxerunt et Athenas et in hanc urbem,

Cic. Brut. 74, 258:

perfugarum magnus ad eum cotidie numerus confluebat,

Caes. B. G. 7, 44:

ut ad ejus triremem vulgus conflueret,

Nep. Alcib. 6, 1:

ad spectacula,

Suet. Caes. 39:

Neapolin,

id. Ner. 20:

plures ad haec studia,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 2, 6:

undique ad eum auxiliis confluentibus,

Vell. 2, 55, 2; 2, 80, 4.— Absol.:

multitudo confluens,

Suet. Caes. 16:

turba undique confluentis fluctuantisque populi,

Gell. 10, 6, 2:

ut nos dicamur duo Omnium dignissimi quo cruciatus confluant,

Plaut. As. 2, 2, 48; cf. id. Ep. 4, 1, 3.—

With abstr. subjects:

maeror,

Lucr. 6, 1260:

ad ipsos laus, honos, dignitas confluit,

Cic. Inv. 1, 4, 5:

ut ad nos pleraeque (causae) confluant, etc.,

id. Planc. 34, 84; Ov. M. 9, 741; Suet. Tib. 10.

con-flŭo, xi, 3 (confluxet = confluxisset, Lucr. 1, 987), v. n., to flow or run together (class. in prose and poetry).

Prop.:

materies umoris,

Lucr. 6, 637:

in imum,

id. 5, 498:

copia materiai Undique confluxet ad imum,

id. 1, 987:

confluat aër,

id. 1, 389 al.:

Fibrenus divisus aequaliter in duas partes cito in unum confluit,

Cic. Leg. 2, 3, 6:

ibi Isara Rhodanusque amnes... confluunt in unum,

Liv. 21, 31, 4:

qui (portus) cum diversos inter se aditus habeant, in exitu conjunguntur et confluunt,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 52, § 117:

vasti amnes e diverso in Phasin confluunt,

Plin. 6, 4, 4, § 13:

qualis et in curvum pontus confluxerit orbem,

Tib. 4, 1, 20:

Panticapen confluere infra Olbiam cum Borysthene,

Plin. 4, 12, 26, § 83: a confluente Rhodano castra movi, i. e. where it unites with the Saōne, Lepidus ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 34, 1:

aqua in rivum confluit,

Dig. 8, 3, 20, § 1.—Hence,

conflŭens, entis, or conflŭentes, ium, subst. m., the place where two rivers unite, the confluence:

cum ad confluentem Mosae et Rheni pervenissent,

Caes. B. G. 4, 15.—In sing., Plin. 6, 26, 30, § 122:

a confluente supra dicto,

id. 3, 26, 29, § 149; Just. 32, 3, 8:

ubi Anienem transiit, ad confluentes collocat castra,

at the confluence of the Anio with the Tiber, Liv. 1, 27, 4; 4, 17, 2; id. Epit. 137; Plin. 6, 26, 31, § 126; Tac. H. 2, 40 al.—Hence, kat exochên, Conflŭentes, ium, the town of Coblentz, situated at the confluence of the Moselle with the Rhine, Suet. Calig. 8; Flor. 4, 6, 3; Amm. 16, 3, 1.—

Trop., of other objects, esp. of a great multitude, to flock or crowd together, to come together in multitudes:

multi confluxerunt et Athenas et in hanc urbem,

Cic. Brut. 74, 258:

perfugarum magnus ad eum cotidie numerus confluebat,

Caes. B. G. 7, 44:

ut ad ejus triremem vulgus conflueret,

Nep. Alcib. 6, 1:

ad spectacula,

Suet. Caes. 39:

Neapolin,

id. Ner. 20:

plures ad haec studia,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 2, 6:

undique ad eum auxiliis confluentibus,

Vell. 2, 55, 2; 2, 80, 4.— Absol.:

multitudo confluens,

Suet. Caes. 16:

turba undique confluentis fluctuantisque populi,

Gell. 10, 6, 2:

ut nos dicamur duo Omnium dignissimi quo cruciatus confluant,

Plaut. As. 2, 2, 48; cf. id. Ep. 4, 1, 3.—

With abstr. subjects:

maeror,

Lucr. 6, 1260:

ad ipsos laus, honos, dignitas confluit,

Cic. Inv. 1, 4, 5:

ut ad nos pleraeque (causae) confluant, etc.,

id. Planc. 34, 84; Ov. M. 9, 741; Suet. Tib. 10.

con-grex, grĕgis, adj. (post-class.).

Of the same herd or flock:

equinis armentis,

App. M. 7, p. 194, 41:

aves,

Sol. 2 dub. (al. congregatae).—Hence,

In gen., collected in flocks or multitudes:

catervas, Auct. Pervig. Ven. 43: vulgo,

Aus. Ep. 10, 21.—With dat.:

comessationibus,

Tert. Poen. 11.—

Trop., close, intimate: aliquem congrege nexu tenere, Prud. contra Symm. 2, 634.

con-turbo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to throw into disorder or confusion, to confuse, derange, disorder, confound (rare, but class. in prose and poetry; most freq. in Lucr. and Cic.; not in Verg., Hor., or Quint.).

In gen.

Lit.:

posituras principiorum corporis atque animi,

Lucr. 4, 943; cf. id. 4, 958; 3, 483 al.:

ordines Romanorum (militum),

Sall. J. 50, 4; cf. id. ib. 98, 4:

equites tormentis,

Curt. 7, 2, 4:

rempublicam,

Sall. C. 37, 10; 48, 8; cf.

rem,

id. J. 79, 7: annus neglegentiā conturbatus atque confusus, * Suet. Aug. 31:

vocem,

Lucr. 4, 559:

prima vulnera novis plagis,

id. 4, 1070: basia, i. e. to exchange in confused multitudes, * Cat. 5, 11.—In mal. part.:

pedes, i. e. implicare,

Plaut. Cas. 2, 8, 24.—

Trop., to disturb, disquiet in mind or feeling:

valetudo tua me valde conturbat,

Cic. Att. 7, 2, 2:

quid est? num conturbo te?

id. Phil. 2, 13, 32:

incidunt multae causae, quae conturbent animos utilitatis specie,

id. Off. 3, 10, 40; cf.:

vemens violentia vini Conturbare animum consuevit,

Lucr. 3, 483.— Absol.:

haec sunt, quae conturbent in deliberatione non numquam, etc.,

Cic. Off. 3, 20, 81.—

In partic., t. t. in the lang. of business: conturbare rationes or rationem, or absol. conturbare, to bring one's pecuniary affairs into disorder, to become bankrupt.

Lit.:

rationem sibi commissam,

Dig. 11, 3, 1 fin.:

nihil esse, quod posthac arcae nostrae fiducia conturbaret,

bring into pecuniary embarrassment, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 10 (12), 5:

fac me multis debere, et in his Plancio: utrum igitur me conturbare oportet?

id. Planc. 28, 68:

homo Graecus, qui conturbat et idem putat sibi licere quod equitibus Romanis,

id. Att. 4, 7, 1; Dig. 14, 3, 5, § 9; 15, 3, 16; cf. ib. 11, 3, 1, § 5; Juv. 7, 129 al.—

Trop.:

neque edepol quid nunc consili capiam scio De virgine istac: ita conturbasti mihi Rationes omnes,

you have so disturbed all my plans, Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 29.—Hence, contur-bātus, a, um, P a. (acc. to I. B.), distracted, disturbed, confused, disquieted (very rare):

oculus,

diseased, disordered, Cic. Tusc. 3, 7, 15:

homo tristis et conturbatus,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 14, § 32:

eram in scribendo conturbatior,

id. Att. 1, 12, 4:

animus,

id. Tusc. 3, 7, 15.

crēber, bra, brum ( sup. creberrimus;

but crebrissimus,

Gell. 2, 30, 2; cf. Rudd. I. p. 170;

and CEREBERRIMVS,

Inscr. Orell. 68), adj. [from cre-, root of cresco, Corn. Beitr. p. 356], that exists or takes place in a continuous multitude, following closely together or one after another (hence with continuus, Quint. 12, 10, 46; opp. rarus).

Thick, close, pressed together, frequent, numerous, repeated (very freq., and class.).

Of material subjects:

lucus avius, Crebro salicto oppletus,

Plaut. Aul. 4, 6, 9; cf.

silva,

Lucr. 6, 135:

crebris arboribus succisis omnes introitus erant praeclusi,

Caes. B. G. 5, 9:

rami,

id. ib. 2, 17:

(venae et arteriae) crebrae multaeque, toto corpore intextae,

Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 138:

funale,

numerous torches, id. Sen. 13, 44:

castella,

Caes. B. G. 2, 30:

creberrima aedificia,

id. ib. 5, 12:

ignes quam creberrimi,

Sall. J. 106, 4; cf. id. ib. 98, 6:

vigilias ponere,

id. ib. 45, 2:

tanto crebriores litterae nuntiique,

Caes. B. G. 5, 45; cf.

exploratores,

id. ib. 6, 10:

tam crebri ad terram decidebant quam pira,

as thick as pears, Plaut. Poen. 2, 38; cf.

hostes,

id. Am. 1, 1, 84:

crebri cecidere caelo lapides,

Liv. 1, 31, 2; cf. sup., id. 28, 37, 7 et saep.—

Of immaterial subjects:

itiones,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 9, 23; cf.

excursiones,

Nep. Milt. 2, 1:

ictus,

Lucr. 4, 935; Hor. C. 1, 25, 2; Suet. Calig. 30:

impetus,

Lucr. 1, 294; Sall. J. 50, 1 al.:

anhelitus,

Quint. 11, 3, 55; Verg. A. 5, 199:

commutationes aestuum,

Caes. B. G. 5, 1:

rumores,

id. ib. 2, 1:

amplexus,

Ov. M. 9, 538 al.:

compellationes,

Cic. Fam. 12, 25, 2:

sonus,

oft repeated, Plin. 10, 29, 43, § 81:

argumentatio,

Quint. 2, 5, 8:

supplosio pedis,

id. 11, 3, 128:

crebriores figurae,

id. 9, 2, 94:

quae apud Sallustium rare fuerunt, apud hunc crebra sunt et paene continua,

Sen. Ep. 114, 18:

crebra lumina (dicendi) et continua,

Quint. 12, 10, 46.—

Meton., of an object that is furnished with abundance, or produces something in multitudes, crowded with, abundant, abounding in:

creber harundinibus lucus,

Ov. M. 11, 190:

Africus procellis,

Verg. A. 1, 85:

Tiberis creber ac subitus incrementis,

Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 55.—Esp., of speech or writing:

sane in eo creber fuisti, Te noluisse, etc.,

you frequently said, Cic. Planc. 34, 83:

si mihi tantum esset otii, quantum est tibi... in scribendo multo essem crebrior quam tu,

id. Att. 1, 19, 1:

(Thucydides) ita creber est rerum frequentia, ut, etc.,

id. de Or. 2, 13, 56; id. Brut. 7, 29: quis sententiis aut acutior aut crebrior? id. ap. Suet. Caes. 55; Quint. 10, 1, 102 (cf.: densus sententiis, id. [p. 479] ib. §

68).—In Gr. constr., of the person: densis ictibus heros Creber utrāque manu pulsat versatque Dareta,

Verg. A. 5, 460:

modus (dicendi) translationibus crebrior,

Quint. 12, 10, 60.—Hence, advv.,

Most freq. in the form crēbrō, close one after another (in time or number), repeatedly, often, oftentimes, frequently, many times:

si crebro cades,

Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 105:

ruri esse,

Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 18:

mittere litteras,

Cic. Att. 6, 5, 1:

tussire et exspuere,

Quint. 11, 5, 56:

personare purgatam aurem,

Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 7 et saep.:

qui crebro Catulum, saepe me, saepissime rem publicam nominabat,

Cic. Cael. 24, 59.— Comp. crebrius:

perlucet villa crebrius quam cribrum,

i. e. with more holes, openings, Plaut. Rud. 1, 2, 14:

mittas litteras,

Cic. Fam. 5, 6, 3 fin.:

crebrius aut perfidiosius rebellantes,

Suet. Aug. 21.— Sup. creberrime (creberru-):

commemorantur a Stoicis,

Cic. Div. 1, 27, 56.—

crē-bră ( acc. plur.; cf. Rudd. II. p. 159), repeatedly:

revisit ad stabulum (mater),

Lucr. 2, 359:

et pede terram Crebra ferit (equus),

Verg. G. 3, 500.—

crēbrē, closely, compactly (of place;

only in Vitr.): fundamenta aedificiorum palationibus crebre fixa,

Vitr. 2, 9, 10.— Sup.:

crates ex virgis creberrime textae,

Vitr. 10, 14, 3.—

crē-brĭter, repeatedly, frequently (in time), Vitr. 10, 13, 7; cf. Hand, Turs. II. p. 133 sq.

crēber, bra, brum ( sup. creberrimus;

but crebrissimus,

Gell. 2, 30, 2; cf. Rudd. I. p. 170;

and CEREBERRIMVS,

Inscr. Orell. 68), adj. [from cre-, root of cresco, Corn. Beitr. p. 356], that exists or takes place in a continuous multitude, following closely together or one after another (hence with continuus, Quint. 12, 10, 46; opp. rarus).

Thick, close, pressed together, frequent, numerous, repeated (very freq., and class.).

Of material subjects:

lucus avius, Crebro salicto oppletus,

Plaut. Aul. 4, 6, 9; cf.

silva,

Lucr. 6, 135:

crebris arboribus succisis omnes introitus erant praeclusi,

Caes. B. G. 5, 9:

rami,

id. ib. 2, 17:

(venae et arteriae) crebrae multaeque, toto corpore intextae,

Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 138:

funale,

numerous torches, id. Sen. 13, 44:

castella,

Caes. B. G. 2, 30:

creberrima aedificia,

id. ib. 5, 12:

ignes quam creberrimi,

Sall. J. 106, 4; cf. id. ib. 98, 6:

vigilias ponere,

id. ib. 45, 2:

tanto crebriores litterae nuntiique,

Caes. B. G. 5, 45; cf.

exploratores,

id. ib. 6, 10:

tam crebri ad terram decidebant quam pira,

as thick as pears, Plaut. Poen. 2, 38; cf.

hostes,

id. Am. 1, 1, 84:

crebri cecidere caelo lapides,

Liv. 1, 31, 2; cf. sup., id. 28, 37, 7 et saep.—

Of immaterial subjects:

itiones,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 9, 23; cf.

excursiones,

Nep. Milt. 2, 1:

ictus,

Lucr. 4, 935; Hor. C. 1, 25, 2; Suet. Calig. 30:

impetus,

Lucr. 1, 294; Sall. J. 50, 1 al.:

anhelitus,

Quint. 11, 3, 55; Verg. A. 5, 199:

commutationes aestuum,

Caes. B. G. 5, 1:

rumores,

id. ib. 2, 1:

amplexus,

Ov. M. 9, 538 al.:

compellationes,

Cic. Fam. 12, 25, 2:

sonus,

oft repeated, Plin. 10, 29, 43, § 81:

argumentatio,

Quint. 2, 5, 8:

supplosio pedis,

id. 11, 3, 128:

crebriores figurae,

id. 9, 2, 94:

quae apud Sallustium rare fuerunt, apud hunc crebra sunt et paene continua,

Sen. Ep. 114, 18:

crebra lumina (dicendi) et continua,

Quint. 12, 10, 46.—

Meton., of an object that is furnished with abundance, or produces something in multitudes, crowded with, abundant, abounding in:

creber harundinibus lucus,

Ov. M. 11, 190:

Africus procellis,

Verg. A. 1, 85:

Tiberis creber ac subitus incrementis,

Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 55.—Esp., of speech or writing:

sane in eo creber fuisti, Te noluisse, etc.,

you frequently said, Cic. Planc. 34, 83:

si mihi tantum esset otii, quantum est tibi... in scribendo multo essem crebrior quam tu,

id. Att. 1, 19, 1:

(Thucydides) ita creber est rerum frequentia, ut, etc.,

id. de Or. 2, 13, 56; id. Brut. 7, 29: quis sententiis aut acutior aut crebrior? id. ap. Suet. Caes. 55; Quint. 10, 1, 102 (cf.: densus sententiis, id. [p. 479] ib. §

68).—In Gr. constr., of the person: densis ictibus heros Creber utrāque manu pulsat versatque Dareta,

Verg. A. 5, 460:

modus (dicendi) translationibus crebrior,

Quint. 12, 10, 60.—Hence, advv.,

Most freq. in the form crēbrō, close one after another (in time or number), repeatedly, often, oftentimes, frequently, many times:

si crebro cades,

Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 105:

ruri esse,

Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 18:

mittere litteras,

Cic. Att. 6, 5, 1:

tussire et exspuere,

Quint. 11, 5, 56:

personare purgatam aurem,

Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 7 et saep.:

qui crebro Catulum, saepe me, saepissime rem publicam nominabat,

Cic. Cael. 24, 59.— Comp. crebrius:

perlucet villa crebrius quam cribrum,

i. e. with more holes, openings, Plaut. Rud. 1, 2, 14:

mittas litteras,

Cic. Fam. 5, 6, 3 fin.:

crebrius aut perfidiosius rebellantes,

Suet. Aug. 21.— Sup. creberrime (creberru-):

commemorantur a Stoicis,

Cic. Div. 1, 27, 56.—

crē-bră ( acc. plur.; cf. Rudd. II. p. 159), repeatedly:

revisit ad stabulum (mater),

Lucr. 2, 359:

et pede terram Crebra ferit (equus),

Verg. G. 3, 500.—

crēbrē, closely, compactly (of place;

only in Vitr.): fundamenta aedificiorum palationibus crebre fixa,

Vitr. 2, 9, 10.— Sup.:

crates ex virgis creberrime textae,

Vitr. 10, 14, 3.—

crē-brĭter, repeatedly, frequently (in time), Vitr. 10, 13, 7; cf. Hand, Turs. II. p. 133 sq.

multĭtūdo, ĭnis, f. [multus], a great number, multitude (class.; cf.: copia, vis, magnitudo).

In gen.:

nationes, quae numero hominum ac multitudine ipsā poterant in provincias nostras redundare,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 12, 31:

navium,

Nep. Hann. 10, 4: argenti facti, Varr. ap. Non. 465, 27:

sacrificiorum,

Cic. de Or. 3, 19, 71.—

In partic.

Of people, a great number, a crowd, multitude:

tanta multitudo lapides ac tela conjiciebat, ut, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 2, 6; Nep. Milt. 3, 5; id. Arist. 1, 3:

multitudine domum circumdare,

Nep. Hann. 12, 4:

multitudine civium factiones valuere,

Sall. C. 51, 40:

prima lux mediocrem multitudinem ante moenia ostendit,

Liv. 7, 12, 3.—In plur., multitudes:

partim exquirebant duces multitudinum,

Sall. C. 50, 1.—

Of the common people, the crowd, the multitude (cf. turba):

ex errore imperitae multitudinis,

Cic. Off. 1, 19, 65:

sed multitudinem haec maxime allicit,

id. Fin. 1, 7, 25:

multitudinis judicium,

id. Tusc. 2, 26, 63; id. Clu. 29, 59; id. Sest. 58, 124:

credula,

Just. 2, 8, 9.—

In gram.: numerus multitudinis, or simply multitudo, the plural number, the plural:

quod alia vocabula singularia sint solum ut cicer, alia multitudinis solum ut scalae... multitudinis vocabula sunt, etc.,

Varr. L. L. 9, § 63 Müll.:

cur mel et vinum, atque id genus cetera numerum multitudinis capiunt, lacte non capiat,

Gell. 19, 8, 13.—In plur., Varr. L. L. 9, § 65 Müll.