montem

intrā, adv. and prep. [contr. from intĕrā; sc. parte], on the inside, within (class. only as a prep.).

Adv. (post-Aug.).

In gen.:

quadraginta per oram, intra centum erunt,

Quint. 1, 10, 43:

pars, quae intra, longior esse debet, quam quae extra,

Cels. 7, 15:

si inciditur, viridis intra caro apparet,

id. 5, 28, 13:

vasa extrinsecus, et intra diligenter picata,

Col. 12, 43, 7.—

Esp.

Of the interior of countries: intra vix jam homines magisque semiferi, Mela, 1, 4, 4.—

Of the interior of a building:

pro rostris aurata aedes... intraque lectus eburneus,

Suet. Caes. 84:

intra forisque,

Petr. 22.—

Of the Mediterranean Sea, Mela, prooem. 2:

abunde orbe terrae extra intra indicato (opp. extra, of the ocean),

Plin. 6, 32, 38, § 205 fin. —

Inwardly, towards the inside (rare): binos interim digitos distinguimus... paulum tamen inferioribus intra spectantibus, Quint. 11, 3, 98.—

Prep. with acc. (placed after its noun:

praeturam intra,

Tac. A. 3, 75, and:

lucem intra,

id. ib. 4, 48), within.

Lit., of place:

intra navim,

Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 75:

intra parietes meos,

Cic. Att. 3, 10:

carceres stare,

Auct. Her. 4, 3: jactum teli, within a javelin ' s throw, Verg. A. 11, 608:

montem Taurum,

Cic. Sest. 27:

locus intra oceanum jam, nullus est, quo non, etc.,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 89:

Apenninum,

Liv. 5, 35:

ea intra se consumunt Arabes,

consume among themselves, in their own country, Plin. 12, 21, 45, § 99: Sy. Devoravi nomen inprudens modo. Ch. Non placet qui amicos intra dentis conclusos habet, behind, Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 64; cf.:

inter dentis,

id. ib. 4, 2, 80 Brix.—

Transf.

I. q. in with acc., in, into:

ea intra pectus se penetravit potio,

Plaut. Truc. 1, 1, 23:

nosse regiones, intra quas venere,

Cic. de Or. 2, 34:

qui intra fines suos Ariovistum recepissent,

Caes. B. G. 1, 32:

intra moenia compulsus,

Liv. 34, 33.—

Of time, within, during, in the course of, in less than:

intra viginti dies,

Plaut. Curc. 3, 77:

qui intra annos quatuordecim tectum non subiissent,

Caes. B. G. 1, 36:

quae intra decem annos facta sunt,

Cic. Verr. 1, 13, 37 (dub.;

B. and K. inter): intra paucos dies,

Liv. 23, 41; Suet. Caes. 8:

intra breve tempus,

id. Tib. 51; id. Claud. 38:

juventam,

in youth, Tac. A. 2, 71. — With quam ( = postquam):

intra decimum diem quam Pheras venerat,

i. e. before the lapse of ten days after his arrival, Liv. 36, 10, 1; 43, 9, 2; Quint. 1, 12, 9; Suet. Caes. 35 al.—

Trop.

Under, below, i. e. less than, fewer than, within the limits of:

intra centum,

Liv. 1, 43:

epulari intra legem,

i. e. less expensively than the law allows, Cic. Fam. 9, 26, 9:

intra modum,

id. ib. 4, 4, 14:

intra verba desipere,

to betray insanity in words only, Cels. 3, 18:

intra verba peccare,

to transgress in words only, Curt. 7, 1, 25:

intra gloriam fuit facinus,

i. e. was not inglorious, Flor. 1, 3:

intra silentium se tenere,

to keep silence, Plin. Ep. 4, 16:

intra famam sunt scripta,

beneath his reputation, Quint. 11, 3, 8:

intra fortunam,

Prop. 4, 8, 2.—

With acc. of pron., within or among.

Intra se, inwardly, to one ' s self:

meditantes intra semet,

Plin. 10, 42, 59, § 118:

intra se dicere,

Quint. 10, 7, 25:

intra se componere,

id. 11, 3, 2.—

Secretly:

intra vos futura,

shall remain among yourselves, be kept secret, Plin. Ep. 3, 10, 4.

jăcĕo, cŭi, cĭtum ( fut. part. jaci-turus, Stat. Th. 7, 777), 2, v. n. [ intr. of jacio; lit., to be thrown or cast; hence], to lie.

Lit.

In gen.:

in limine,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 45, § 118:

stratum ad pedes alicujus,

id. Quint. 31, 96; id. Q. Fr. 2, 5, 2:

alicui ad pedes,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 49, § 129:

in lecto,

id. Phil. 2, 18, 45; Juv. 6, 269:

in ignota harena,

Verg. A. 5, 871:

Tyrio sublimis in ostro,

Ov. H. 12, 179:

in viridi gramine,

id. Am. 1, 14, 22:

in teneris dominae lacertis,

id. ib. 1, 13, 5:

in solo,

id. M. 2, 420:

in viduo toro,

id. H. 16, 316:

in gremio,

id. ib. 9, 136;

11, 4: in servi complexibus,

Juv. 6, 279;

for which: saxum campo quod forte jacebat,

Verg. A. 12, 897:

deserto lecto,

Ov. H. 1, 7:

saxo,

id. M. 6, 100:

gremio mariti,

Juv. 2, 120:

in aversa ora,

Ov. H. 12, 63:

super corpus alicujus,

id. F. 2, 836:

somno,

Verg. E. 6, 14:

spissa harena,

id. A. 6, 336:

humo,

Ov. A. A. 2, 238:

nudus humi jacet,

Lucr. 5, 224; Cic. Cat. 1, 10, 26; Ov. Am. 3, 1, 12:

humi ante lectum jacens,

Suet. Oth. 7:

mecum inter salices lenta sub vite jacere,

Verg. E. 10, 40:

sub alta platano,

Hor. C. 2, 11, 14:

strata jacent sub arbore poma,

Verg. E. 7, 54.— Absol.:

Tityos jacet alitis esca,

Verg. Cul. 237:

vittae jacentes,

Tib. 2, 5, 53:

pisces jacentes,

i. e. flatfish, Col. 8, 17, 9.—

In partic.

Of sick persons, to lie ill, to be sick:

cura ut valeas, ne ego te jacente bona tua comedim,

Cic. Fam. 9, 20:

cum tristj morbo defessa jaceres,

Tib. 1, 5, 9:

hic facit ut jaceas,

Ov. H. 20, 173:

graviter,

Plin. Ep. 5. 9:

sine spe,

Sen. Ep. 101, 3.—

To lie dead, to have fallen:

Aeacidae telo jacet Hector,

Verg. A. 1, 99; 10, 737:

corpora per campos ferro quae fusa jacebant,

id. ib. 11, 102:

cum primi occidissent, proximi jacentibus insisterent,

Caes. B. G. 2, 27, 3; 7, 25, 3:

neminem jacentem veste spoliavit,

Nep. Thras. 2, 6; cf.:

spolia jacentis hostium exercitus,

Liv. 44, 45:

ne inultos imperatores suos jacere sinerent,

id. 25, 37:

qui bene pro patria cum patriaque jacent,

Ov. H. 3, 106:

Arge, jaces!

id. M. 1, 720: morte jacent merita, id. F. 3, 707:

fratri jacet,

killed by his brother, Sil. 15, 650:

rupto jacuit corpore (rana),

Phaedr. 1, 24, 10:

jacuit Catilina cadavere toto,

Juv. 10, 288.—

To be or lie long anywhere, to linger, tarry, stop at a place:

pernam, glandium, sumen facito in aqua jaceant,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 33:

Brundusii,

to stay long at, Cic. Att. 11, 6, 2.—

Geographically, to lie, be situate, = esse, situm esse (not in Cic. or Cæs.): jacet Vada inter Appenninum et Alpis, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 13, 2; Liv. 5, 48, 2; 6, 30, 5; 22, 3, 3:

inter Taurum montem jacet et Hellespontem,

Nep. Eum. 3, 2 saep.:

quae gens jacet supra Ciliciam,

id. Dat. 4:

ad vesperam jacentis terrae,

Plin. 18, 25, 57, § 216:

summo in vertice montis Planities ignota jacet,

Verg. A. 11, 527:

quod urbes in planis jaceant,

Just. 22, 5, 5:

alio patriam quaerunt sub sole jacentem,

Verg. G. 2, 512:

jacet extra sidera tellus,

id. A. 6, 795; cf.:

pallente sub umbra Cimmerias jacuisse domos,

Sil. 12, 132:

inter eos solemque jacent immania ponti aequora,

Lucr. 4, 412; cf.:

Cyclades et Sporades per quingenta milia in longitudinem... jacent,

extend, Plin. 4, 12, 23, § 71.—

To be low, flat, level:

jacentia et plana urbis loca,

Tac. H. 1, 86:

despiciens terras jacentīs,

Verg. A. 1, 224:

praetervehor Thapsum jacentem,

id. ib. 3, 689; Val. Fl. 4, 712:

quaeque jacent valles,

Ov. F. 2, 392; Just. 22, 5, 5:

jacentes campos,

Luc. 4, 52:

summo despexit ab aethere terras Infelix Phaëthon penitus penitusque jacentes,

Ov. M. 2, 178.—

Esp., of the sea, to be level, quiet, lie still:

mediusque jacet sine murmure pontus,

Luc. 1, 260; 5, 434:

servatum bello jacuit mare,

id. 3, 523:

planum mare,

Juv. 12, 62:

stagna jacentia,

Sil. 5, 583.—

To lie in ruins, be broken down: cui nec arae patriae domi stant, fractae et disjectae jacent, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 19, 44 (Trag. Rel. v. 115 Vahl.):

jacent, Ilion ingens,

Ov. M. 13, 505:

ausa et jacentem visere regiam vultu sereno,

Hor. C. 1, 37, 25:

Troja jacet certe,

Ov. H. 1, 3:

vetus Thebe jacet,

Juv. 15, 6.—

To hang loose:

vagi crines per colla jacebant,

Ov. M. 2, 673; id. A. A. 3, 236:

jacentia lora,

lying loose on the horse's neck, id. M. 2, 201; cf.

, of clothing, etc.: juvenes timidaeque puellae Praeverrunt latas veste jacente vias,

id. Am. 3, 13, 24:

demissa jacent tibi pallia terrae,

id. ib. 3, 2, 25; id. A. A. 153.—

Of the eyes, face, etc., to be cast down, fixed on the ground:

vultusque attolle jacentes,

Ov. M. 4, 144:

jacentes Vix oculos tollens,

id. ib. 11, 618.

Trop.

To be indolent or inactive, not to come forward:

in pace jacere, quam in bello vigere maluit. Quamquam ille quidem numquam jacuit,

Cic. Phil. 10, 7, 14:

C. Marius cum a spe consulatus longe abesset et jam septimum annum post praeturam jaceret,

id. Off. 3, 20, 79:

ars tua, Tiphy, jacet, si non sit in aequore fluctus,

Ov. Tr. 4, 3, 77:

at mea numina tandem fessa jacent,

Verg. A. 7, 298.—

To be cast down, dejected:

Gnaeus noster ut totus jacet,

Cic. Att. 7, 21, 1:

ne jaceam? quis unquam minus,

id. ib. 12, 40, 2:

jacet in maerore meus frater,

id. ib. 10, 4; id. Phil. 12, 2:

militum jacere animos,

Liv. 10, 35.—

To lie prostrate:

victa jacet pietas,

Ov. M. 1, 149:

nobilitas sub amore jacet,

id. H. 4, 161:

Africani, Marii, Sullae, Pompeii infra Pallantis laudes jacebant,

Plin. Ep. 8, 6, 2:

justitia vacillat, vel jacet potius,

Cic. Off. 3, 33, 118:

humana cum vita jaceret, oppressa gravi sub religione,

Lucr. 1, 63.—

To be refuted, overcome, disproved, to fail:

jacent suis testibus, qui Clodium negant Romam fuisse rediturum, etc.,

Cic. Mil. 18, 47:

jacet omnis ratio Peripateticorum,

id. Fin. 5, 28, 86:

jacet igitur tota conclusio,

id. Div. 2, 51, 106.—

To lie dormant, be disused or neglected, to be of no avail:

cum leges nihil valebant, cum judicia jacebant,

Cic. Par. 4, 1:

tota Capua et omnis hic delectus jacet,

id. Att. 7, 22: dici non potest, quomodo hic omnia jaceant, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 6:

justitia jacet,

Cic. Off. 3, 33:

maximas virtutes jacere omnes necesse est voluptate dominante,

id. Fin. 2, 35, 117; Quint. 9, 2, 4.—

To be despised, in no esteem:

cum jacerent pretia praediorum,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 12, 33:

ut neque jacere regem pateremur,

id. Fam. 1, 5, 3:

sed nunc omnia ista jacere puto, propter nummorum caritatem,

are cheap, id. Att. 9, 9, 4: dat census honores, Census amicitias:

pauper ubique jacet,

Ov. F. 1, 218; id. R. Am 139.—

To lie idle, neglected, or unemployed:

cur tamdiu jacet hoc nomen in adversariis,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 3:

quomodo tibi tanta pecunia extraordinaria jacet?

id. ib. 1:

quae (pecuniae) vereor, ne otiosae jaceant,

Plin. Ep. 10, 62, 1:

nonne justius erit proximo cuique bonorum possessionem dari, ne bona jaceant,

that they be not without an owner, Dig. 37, 3, 1.—

To lie open, be obvious, to be known, be at hand:

neque ex alio genere (verborum) ad usum cottidianum, alio ad scenam pompamque sumuntur, sed ea nos cum jacentia sustulimus e medio,

Cic. de Or. 3, 45, 177.—

Of speech or language, to be languid, lifeless, dull:

quibus detractis, jacet (oratio),

Quint. 9, 2, 4:

jacens oratio,

Gell. 1, 11, 15; cf. Quint. 8, 5, 32.

menstrŭus, a, um, adj. [mensis].

Of or belonging to a month, that happens every month, monthly.

In gen. (class.):

ferias menstruas edicere,

Varr. L. L. 6, § 13 Müll.:

usura,

Cic. Att. 6, 1, 3:

ventorum ratio,

Plin. 2, 47, 48, § 128.—

Subst.

menstrŭa, ōrum, n., the monthly sacri fices: ad menstrua solvenda montem ascendunt, Sall. Fragm. ap. Non. 492, 32. —

menstrŭum, i, n.:

menstruum meum Calend Septembr finitur,

a monthly term of office, monthly service, Plin. Ep. 10, 24, 3.—

In partic., of or belonging to monthly purgations, to menstruation, menstruous:

menstruae purgationes,

Plin. 32, 10, 46, § 132:

cursus,

id. 11, 39, 94, § 230:

sanguis,

Vulg. Lev. 15, 25. —As subst.: menstrŭa, ōrum, n., monthly purgations, menses, catamenia, Cels. 6, 6, 38:

ciere,

Plin. 22, 21, 30, § 65:

sedare,

id. 20, 14, 54, § 154.—In sing., Plin. 28, 7, 23, § 78.—Of female animals:

canis,

menstruous, Plin. 29, 5, 32, § 98.—

That lasts a month, for the space of a month, monthly: vita menstrua. Cic. Fin. 4, 12, 30:

spatium,

id. N. D. 1, 31, 87: menstrua cibaria. Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 30, § 72.—As subst.: men-strŭum, i, n., a month's provisions, Liv. 44, 2.

nāvĭgĭum, ii, n. [navigo], a vessel, a ship, bark, boat.

Lit. (class.):

navigia facere,

Cic. N. D. 2, 60, 152:

navigium dissolutum, vel potius dissipatum,

id. Att. 15, 11, 3:

probum navigium,

id. Ac. 2, 31, 100:

luculentum,

id. Att. 16, 4, 4:

in eodem velut navigio participem esse periculi,

Liv. 44, 22:

Deucalion navigio montem ascendit,

Juv. 1, 82.—

Transf.

A float, raft (post-class.), Dig. 43, 12, 1, § 14.—

A sailing, navigation (ante- and post-class.):

in omnes navigii dies,

Dig. 45, 1, 122; ib. 43, 12, 1 med (but not Lucr. 5, 1006; v. Lachm. and Munro ad loc.).

obscēnus ( obscaen-, and less properly obscoen-), a, um, adj. [perh. ob and caenum, filth], of adverse, unfavorable, evil omen; ill-boding, inauspicious, ominous, portentous (cf.: sinister, funestus): apud antiquos omnes fere obscena dicta sunt, quae mali ominis habebantur, Paul. ex Fest. p. 201 Müll.: obsceni interpres funestique ominis auctor, Matius ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 96 Müll.; Att. ap. Non. 357, 16:

deūm rixa vertat verba obscena,

Lucil. ib. 357, 17; Enn. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 8, 361 (Ann. v. 182 Vahl.): montem istum (Aventinum) excluserunt, quasi avibus obscenis ominosum (viz., by reason of the birds, which gave unfavorable omens to Remus), Mess. ap. Gell. 13, 14, 6; so, volucres, birds of illomen, i. e. owls, Verg. A. 12, 876:

canes,

id. G. 1, 470:

obscenum ostentum,

Suet. Galb. 4:

omen,

Cic. Dom. 55, 140: puppis, the fatal ship, that bore Helen when she eloped with Paris to Troy, Ov. H. 5, 119; cf.:

Troja,

Cat. 68, 99:

anus,

old witches, hags, Hor. Epod. 5, 98.— Sup.: Alliesis dies dicebatur apud Romanos obscenissimi ominis, Paul. ex Fest. s. v. Alliesis, p. 7 Müll.—

Transf., repulsive, offensive, abominable, hateful, disgusting, filthy.

In gen. ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose;

syn.: immundus, turpis): (Allecto) frontem obscenam rugis arat,

Verg. A. 7, 417:

volucres pelagi,

i. e. the harpies, id. ib. 3, 241;

262: upupa, obscena alias pastu avis,

Plin. 10, 29, 44, § 86; cf. fames, Verg. A. 3, 367:

haustus,

of filthy water, Luc. 4, 312:

cruor,

Verg. A. 4, 455.— As subst.: obscēna, ōrum, n., the excrements, Sen. Ep. 8, 1, 20; also, the urine:

qui clam latuit reddente obscena puellā,

Ov. R. Am. 437; cf. Mel. 1, 9.—

In partic., offensive to modesty, i. e. immodest, impure, indecent, lewd, obscene (class.;

syn.: spurcus, impurus): delicatae et obscenae voluptates,

Cic. N. D. 1, 40, 111:

adulterium,

Ov. Tr. 2, 212:

obscenas tabellas pingere,

Prop. 2, 5, 19 (6, 27):

carmina,

id. 1, 16, 10:

gestus motusque,

Tac. A. 15, 37:

obscenum in modum formata commotaque manus,

i. e. so as to suggest impure thoughts, Suet. Calig. 56:

jocandi genus flagitiosum, obscenum,

Cic. Off. 1, 29, 104:

si obscena nudis nominibus enuntientur,

Quint. 8, 3, 38:

quodque facere turpe non est, modo occulte, id dicere obscenum est,

Cic. Off. 1, 35, 127; cf. id. ib. § 128; Quint. 11, 3, 125. — Comp.:

illud Antipatri paulo obscenius,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 38, 112:

abjectior et obscenior vita,

Val. Max. 3, 5 fin.—Sup.:

obscenissimi versus,

Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 3, 2; Vell. 2, 83, 2.—

Subst.

obscēnus, i, m., a lewd person:

quis enim non vicus abundat Tristibus obscenis,

Juv. 2, 9.—

obscēna, ōrum, less freq. in the sing., obscēnum, i. n., the private parts, ta aidoia.— Plur.:

Nymphe fugiens obscena Priapi,

Ov. M. 9, 347; cf.:

pars nudi agunt, pars tantum obscena velati,

Mel. 3, 7:

obscena,

Suet. Calig. 58; id. Dom. 10:

obscena corporis,

Just. 1, 6.— Sing.:

virile,

Ov. F. 6, 631; Lact. 1, 21, 28; id. Epit. 23, 8; Jul. Obsequ. 84.—Hence, also, adv.: obscēnē (acc. to II. B), impurely, indecently, lewdly, obscenely (class.):

latrocinari, fraudare, adulterare, re turpe est, sed dicitur non obscene,

Cic. Off. 1, 35, 128.— Comp.:

cujus (Mercurii) obscenius excitata natura traditur,

Cic. N. D. 3, 22, 56:

obscenius concurrerent litterae,

id. de Or. 45, 154.— Sup.:

impudicissime et obscenissime vixit,

Eutr. 8, 22.

obscēnus ( obscaen-, and less properly obscoen-), a, um, adj. [perh. ob and caenum, filth], of adverse, unfavorable, evil omen; ill-boding, inauspicious, ominous, portentous (cf.: sinister, funestus): apud antiquos omnes fere obscena dicta sunt, quae mali ominis habebantur, Paul. ex Fest. p. 201 Müll.: obsceni interpres funestique ominis auctor, Matius ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 96 Müll.; Att. ap. Non. 357, 16:

deūm rixa vertat verba obscena,

Lucil. ib. 357, 17; Enn. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 8, 361 (Ann. v. 182 Vahl.): montem istum (Aventinum) excluserunt, quasi avibus obscenis ominosum (viz., by reason of the birds, which gave unfavorable omens to Remus), Mess. ap. Gell. 13, 14, 6; so, volucres, birds of illomen, i. e. owls, Verg. A. 12, 876:

canes,

id. G. 1, 470:

obscenum ostentum,

Suet. Galb. 4:

omen,

Cic. Dom. 55, 140: puppis, the fatal ship, that bore Helen when she eloped with Paris to Troy, Ov. H. 5, 119; cf.:

Troja,

Cat. 68, 99:

anus,

old witches, hags, Hor. Epod. 5, 98.— Sup.: Alliesis dies dicebatur apud Romanos obscenissimi ominis, Paul. ex Fest. s. v. Alliesis, p. 7 Müll.—

Transf., repulsive, offensive, abominable, hateful, disgusting, filthy.

In gen. ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose;

syn.: immundus, turpis): (Allecto) frontem obscenam rugis arat,

Verg. A. 7, 417:

volucres pelagi,

i. e. the harpies, id. ib. 3, 241;

262: upupa, obscena alias pastu avis,

Plin. 10, 29, 44, § 86; cf. fames, Verg. A. 3, 367:

haustus,

of filthy water, Luc. 4, 312:

cruor,

Verg. A. 4, 455.— As subst.: obscēna, ōrum, n., the excrements, Sen. Ep. 8, 1, 20; also, the urine:

qui clam latuit reddente obscena puellā,

Ov. R. Am. 437; cf. Mel. 1, 9.—

In partic., offensive to modesty, i. e. immodest, impure, indecent, lewd, obscene (class.;

syn.: spurcus, impurus): delicatae et obscenae voluptates,

Cic. N. D. 1, 40, 111:

adulterium,

Ov. Tr. 2, 212:

obscenas tabellas pingere,

Prop. 2, 5, 19 (6, 27):

carmina,

id. 1, 16, 10:

gestus motusque,

Tac. A. 15, 37:

obscenum in modum formata commotaque manus,

i. e. so as to suggest impure thoughts, Suet. Calig. 56:

jocandi genus flagitiosum, obscenum,

Cic. Off. 1, 29, 104:

si obscena nudis nominibus enuntientur,

Quint. 8, 3, 38:

quodque facere turpe non est, modo occulte, id dicere obscenum est,

Cic. Off. 1, 35, 127; cf. id. ib. § 128; Quint. 11, 3, 125. — Comp.:

illud Antipatri paulo obscenius,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 38, 112:

abjectior et obscenior vita,

Val. Max. 3, 5 fin.—Sup.:

obscenissimi versus,

Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 3, 2; Vell. 2, 83, 2.—

Subst.

obscēnus, i, m., a lewd person:

quis enim non vicus abundat Tristibus obscenis,

Juv. 2, 9.—

obscēna, ōrum, less freq. in the sing., obscēnum, i. n., the private parts, ta aidoia.— Plur.:

Nymphe fugiens obscena Priapi,

Ov. M. 9, 347; cf.:

pars nudi agunt, pars tantum obscena velati,

Mel. 3, 7:

obscena,

Suet. Calig. 58; id. Dom. 10:

obscena corporis,

Just. 1, 6.— Sing.:

virile,

Ov. F. 6, 631; Lact. 1, 21, 28; id. Epit. 23, 8; Jul. Obsequ. 84.—Hence, also, adv.: obscēnē (acc. to II. B), impurely, indecently, lewdly, obscenely (class.):

latrocinari, fraudare, adulterare, re turpe est, sed dicitur non obscene,

Cic. Off. 1, 35, 128.— Comp.:

cujus (Mercurii) obscenius excitata natura traditur,

Cic. N. D. 3, 22, 56:

obscenius concurrerent litterae,

id. de Or. 45, 154.— Sup.:

impudicissime et obscenissime vixit,

Eutr. 8, 22.

obscēnus ( obscaen-, and less properly obscoen-), a, um, adj. [perh. ob and caenum, filth], of adverse, unfavorable, evil omen; ill-boding, inauspicious, ominous, portentous (cf.: sinister, funestus): apud antiquos omnes fere obscena dicta sunt, quae mali ominis habebantur, Paul. ex Fest. p. 201 Müll.: obsceni interpres funestique ominis auctor, Matius ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 96 Müll.; Att. ap. Non. 357, 16:

deūm rixa vertat verba obscena,

Lucil. ib. 357, 17; Enn. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 8, 361 (Ann. v. 182 Vahl.): montem istum (Aventinum) excluserunt, quasi avibus obscenis ominosum (viz., by reason of the birds, which gave unfavorable omens to Remus), Mess. ap. Gell. 13, 14, 6; so, volucres, birds of illomen, i. e. owls, Verg. A. 12, 876:

canes,

id. G. 1, 470:

obscenum ostentum,

Suet. Galb. 4:

omen,

Cic. Dom. 55, 140: puppis, the fatal ship, that bore Helen when she eloped with Paris to Troy, Ov. H. 5, 119; cf.:

Troja,

Cat. 68, 99:

anus,

old witches, hags, Hor. Epod. 5, 98.— Sup.: Alliesis dies dicebatur apud Romanos obscenissimi ominis, Paul. ex Fest. s. v. Alliesis, p. 7 Müll.—

Transf., repulsive, offensive, abominable, hateful, disgusting, filthy.

In gen. ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose;

syn.: immundus, turpis): (Allecto) frontem obscenam rugis arat,

Verg. A. 7, 417:

volucres pelagi,

i. e. the harpies, id. ib. 3, 241;

262: upupa, obscena alias pastu avis,

Plin. 10, 29, 44, § 86; cf. fames, Verg. A. 3, 367:

haustus,

of filthy water, Luc. 4, 312:

cruor,

Verg. A. 4, 455.— As subst.: obscēna, ōrum, n., the excrements, Sen. Ep. 8, 1, 20; also, the urine:

qui clam latuit reddente obscena puellā,

Ov. R. Am. 437; cf. Mel. 1, 9.—

In partic., offensive to modesty, i. e. immodest, impure, indecent, lewd, obscene (class.;

syn.: spurcus, impurus): delicatae et obscenae voluptates,

Cic. N. D. 1, 40, 111:

adulterium,

Ov. Tr. 2, 212:

obscenas tabellas pingere,

Prop. 2, 5, 19 (6, 27):

carmina,

id. 1, 16, 10:

gestus motusque,

Tac. A. 15, 37:

obscenum in modum formata commotaque manus,

i. e. so as to suggest impure thoughts, Suet. Calig. 56:

jocandi genus flagitiosum, obscenum,

Cic. Off. 1, 29, 104:

si obscena nudis nominibus enuntientur,

Quint. 8, 3, 38:

quodque facere turpe non est, modo occulte, id dicere obscenum est,

Cic. Off. 1, 35, 127; cf. id. ib. § 128; Quint. 11, 3, 125. — Comp.:

illud Antipatri paulo obscenius,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 38, 112:

abjectior et obscenior vita,

Val. Max. 3, 5 fin.—Sup.:

obscenissimi versus,

Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 3, 2; Vell. 2, 83, 2.—

Subst.

obscēnus, i, m., a lewd person:

quis enim non vicus abundat Tristibus obscenis,

Juv. 2, 9.—

obscēna, ōrum, less freq. in the sing., obscēnum, i. n., the private parts, ta aidoia.— Plur.:

Nymphe fugiens obscena Priapi,

Ov. M. 9, 347; cf.:

pars nudi agunt, pars tantum obscena velati,

Mel. 3, 7:

obscena,

Suet. Calig. 58; id. Dom. 10:

obscena corporis,

Just. 1, 6.— Sing.:

virile,

Ov. F. 6, 631; Lact. 1, 21, 28; id. Epit. 23, 8; Jul. Obsequ. 84.—Hence, also, adv.: obscēnē (acc. to II. B), impurely, indecently, lewdly, obscenely (class.):

latrocinari, fraudare, adulterare, re turpe est, sed dicitur non obscene,

Cic. Off. 1, 35, 128.— Comp.:

cujus (Mercurii) obscenius excitata natura traditur,

Cic. N. D. 3, 22, 56:

obscenius concurrerent litterae,

id. de Or. 45, 154.— Sup.:

impudicissime et obscenissime vixit,

Eutr. 8, 22.

obscēnus ( obscaen-, and less properly obscoen-), a, um, adj. [perh. ob and caenum, filth], of adverse, unfavorable, evil omen; ill-boding, inauspicious, ominous, portentous (cf.: sinister, funestus): apud antiquos omnes fere obscena dicta sunt, quae mali ominis habebantur, Paul. ex Fest. p. 201 Müll.: obsceni interpres funestique ominis auctor, Matius ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 96 Müll.; Att. ap. Non. 357, 16:

deūm rixa vertat verba obscena,

Lucil. ib. 357, 17; Enn. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 8, 361 (Ann. v. 182 Vahl.): montem istum (Aventinum) excluserunt, quasi avibus obscenis ominosum (viz., by reason of the birds, which gave unfavorable omens to Remus), Mess. ap. Gell. 13, 14, 6; so, volucres, birds of illomen, i. e. owls, Verg. A. 12, 876:

canes,

id. G. 1, 470:

obscenum ostentum,

Suet. Galb. 4:

omen,

Cic. Dom. 55, 140: puppis, the fatal ship, that bore Helen when she eloped with Paris to Troy, Ov. H. 5, 119; cf.:

Troja,

Cat. 68, 99:

anus,

old witches, hags, Hor. Epod. 5, 98.— Sup.: Alliesis dies dicebatur apud Romanos obscenissimi ominis, Paul. ex Fest. s. v. Alliesis, p. 7 Müll.—

Transf., repulsive, offensive, abominable, hateful, disgusting, filthy.

In gen. ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose;

syn.: immundus, turpis): (Allecto) frontem obscenam rugis arat,

Verg. A. 7, 417:

volucres pelagi,

i. e. the harpies, id. ib. 3, 241;

262: upupa, obscena alias pastu avis,

Plin. 10, 29, 44, § 86; cf. fames, Verg. A. 3, 367:

haustus,

of filthy water, Luc. 4, 312:

cruor,

Verg. A. 4, 455.— As subst.: obscēna, ōrum, n., the excrements, Sen. Ep. 8, 1, 20; also, the urine:

qui clam latuit reddente obscena puellā,

Ov. R. Am. 437; cf. Mel. 1, 9.—

In partic., offensive to modesty, i. e. immodest, impure, indecent, lewd, obscene (class.;

syn.: spurcus, impurus): delicatae et obscenae voluptates,

Cic. N. D. 1, 40, 111:

adulterium,

Ov. Tr. 2, 212:

obscenas tabellas pingere,

Prop. 2, 5, 19 (6, 27):

carmina,

id. 1, 16, 10:

gestus motusque,

Tac. A. 15, 37:

obscenum in modum formata commotaque manus,

i. e. so as to suggest impure thoughts, Suet. Calig. 56:

jocandi genus flagitiosum, obscenum,

Cic. Off. 1, 29, 104:

si obscena nudis nominibus enuntientur,

Quint. 8, 3, 38:

quodque facere turpe non est, modo occulte, id dicere obscenum est,

Cic. Off. 1, 35, 127; cf. id. ib. § 128; Quint. 11, 3, 125. — Comp.:

illud Antipatri paulo obscenius,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 38, 112:

abjectior et obscenior vita,

Val. Max. 3, 5 fin.—Sup.:

obscenissimi versus,

Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 3, 2; Vell. 2, 83, 2.—

Subst.

obscēnus, i, m., a lewd person:

quis enim non vicus abundat Tristibus obscenis,

Juv. 2, 9.—

obscēna, ōrum, less freq. in the sing., obscēnum, i. n., the private parts, ta aidoia.— Plur.:

Nymphe fugiens obscena Priapi,

Ov. M. 9, 347; cf.:

pars nudi agunt, pars tantum obscena velati,

Mel. 3, 7:

obscena,

Suet. Calig. 58; id. Dom. 10:

obscena corporis,

Just. 1, 6.— Sing.:

virile,

Ov. F. 6, 631; Lact. 1, 21, 28; id. Epit. 23, 8; Jul. Obsequ. 84.—Hence, also, adv.: obscēnē (acc. to II. B), impurely, indecently, lewdly, obscenely (class.):

latrocinari, fraudare, adulterare, re turpe est, sed dicitur non obscene,

Cic. Off. 1, 35, 128.— Comp.:

cujus (Mercurii) obscenius excitata natura traditur,

Cic. N. D. 3, 22, 56:

obscenius concurrerent litterae,

id. de Or. 45, 154.— Sup.:

impudicissime et obscenissime vixit,

Eutr. 8, 22.

obscēnus ( obscaen-, and less properly obscoen-), a, um, adj. [perh. ob and caenum, filth], of adverse, unfavorable, evil omen; ill-boding, inauspicious, ominous, portentous (cf.: sinister, funestus): apud antiquos omnes fere obscena dicta sunt, quae mali ominis habebantur, Paul. ex Fest. p. 201 Müll.: obsceni interpres funestique ominis auctor, Matius ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 96 Müll.; Att. ap. Non. 357, 16:

deūm rixa vertat verba obscena,

Lucil. ib. 357, 17; Enn. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 8, 361 (Ann. v. 182 Vahl.): montem istum (Aventinum) excluserunt, quasi avibus obscenis ominosum (viz., by reason of the birds, which gave unfavorable omens to Remus), Mess. ap. Gell. 13, 14, 6; so, volucres, birds of illomen, i. e. owls, Verg. A. 12, 876:

canes,

id. G. 1, 470:

obscenum ostentum,

Suet. Galb. 4:

omen,

Cic. Dom. 55, 140: puppis, the fatal ship, that bore Helen when she eloped with Paris to Troy, Ov. H. 5, 119; cf.:

Troja,

Cat. 68, 99:

anus,

old witches, hags, Hor. Epod. 5, 98.— Sup.: Alliesis dies dicebatur apud Romanos obscenissimi ominis, Paul. ex Fest. s. v. Alliesis, p. 7 Müll.—

Transf., repulsive, offensive, abominable, hateful, disgusting, filthy.

In gen. ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose;

syn.: immundus, turpis): (Allecto) frontem obscenam rugis arat,

Verg. A. 7, 417:

volucres pelagi,

i. e. the harpies, id. ib. 3, 241;

262: upupa, obscena alias pastu avis,

Plin. 10, 29, 44, § 86; cf. fames, Verg. A. 3, 367:

haustus,

of filthy water, Luc. 4, 312:

cruor,

Verg. A. 4, 455.— As subst.: obscēna, ōrum, n., the excrements, Sen. Ep. 8, 1, 20; also, the urine:

qui clam latuit reddente obscena puellā,

Ov. R. Am. 437; cf. Mel. 1, 9.—

In partic., offensive to modesty, i. e. immodest, impure, indecent, lewd, obscene (class.;

syn.: spurcus, impurus): delicatae et obscenae voluptates,

Cic. N. D. 1, 40, 111:

adulterium,

Ov. Tr. 2, 212:

obscenas tabellas pingere,

Prop. 2, 5, 19 (6, 27):

carmina,

id. 1, 16, 10:

gestus motusque,

Tac. A. 15, 37:

obscenum in modum formata commotaque manus,

i. e. so as to suggest impure thoughts, Suet. Calig. 56:

jocandi genus flagitiosum, obscenum,

Cic. Off. 1, 29, 104:

si obscena nudis nominibus enuntientur,

Quint. 8, 3, 38:

quodque facere turpe non est, modo occulte, id dicere obscenum est,

Cic. Off. 1, 35, 127; cf. id. ib. § 128; Quint. 11, 3, 125. — Comp.:

illud Antipatri paulo obscenius,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 38, 112:

abjectior et obscenior vita,

Val. Max. 3, 5 fin.—Sup.:

obscenissimi versus,

Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 3, 2; Vell. 2, 83, 2.—

Subst.

obscēnus, i, m., a lewd person:

quis enim non vicus abundat Tristibus obscenis,

Juv. 2, 9.—

obscēna, ōrum, less freq. in the sing., obscēnum, i. n., the private parts, ta aidoia.— Plur.:

Nymphe fugiens obscena Priapi,

Ov. M. 9, 347; cf.:

pars nudi agunt, pars tantum obscena velati,

Mel. 3, 7:

obscena,

Suet. Calig. 58; id. Dom. 10:

obscena corporis,

Just. 1, 6.— Sing.:

virile,

Ov. F. 6, 631; Lact. 1, 21, 28; id. Epit. 23, 8; Jul. Obsequ. 84.—Hence, also, adv.: obscēnē (acc. to II. B), impurely, indecently, lewdly, obscenely (class.):

latrocinari, fraudare, adulterare, re turpe est, sed dicitur non obscene,

Cic. Off. 1, 35, 128.— Comp.:

cujus (Mercurii) obscenius excitata natura traditur,

Cic. N. D. 3, 22, 56:

obscenius concurrerent litterae,

id. de Or. 45, 154.— Sup.:

impudicissime et obscenissime vixit,

Eutr. 8, 22.

occŭpo, āvi, ātum, 1 (occupassis for occupaveris, Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 48:

occupassit for occupaverit,

id. As. 4, 2, 9), v. a. [obcapio; lit., to lay hold of; hence], to take possession of, seize, occupy any thing (esp. a place; class.; cf.: expugno, obsideo).

Lit.:

totam Italiam suis praesidiis obsidere atque occupare cogitat,

Cic. Agr. 2, 28, 75:

locum,

id. Fin. 3, 20, 67:

possessiones,

id. Phil. 13, 5, 12:

urbes,

Liv. 33, 31:

montem,

Tac. A. 4, 47:

portum,

Hor. C. 1, 14, 2:

aditum,

to go in, enter, Verg. A. 6, 424:

regnum,

Cic. Lael. 12, 40:

tyrannidem,

id. Off. 3, 23, 90:

familiam optimam occupavit,

has got hold of, has got into, Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 11:

occupando adquirere aliquid,

Gai. Inst. 2, 66 sqq.; cf. id. ib. 2, 215:

vindemia occupabit sementem,

shall reach to, Vulg. Lev. 26, 5.— Poet.:

aliquem amplexu,

to clasp in one's arms, to embrace, Ov. F. 3, 509.—

Transf.

To occupy, i. e. to take up, fill with any thing:

atrā nube polum,

Hor. C. 3, 29, 44:

urbem (sc. aedificiis),

Liv. 5, 55:

caementis Tyrrhenum mare,

Hor. C. 3, 24, 3.—

To fall upon, attack one with any thing (syn. invado):

Latagum saxo... Occupat os faciemque adversam,

Verg. A. 10, 699:

aliquem gladio,

id. ib. 9, 770:

aliquem morsu,

Ov. M. 3, 48:

canes ense,

Prop. 4, 4, 82 (5, 4, 84):

ne occupet te pluvia,

Vulg. 3 Reg. 18. 44: caligo, id. Job, 3, 5.— Poet., in a friendly sense, to surprise:

Volteium Philippus Vilia vendentem Occupat,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 64.—

To get the start of, to be beforehand with, to anticipate, to do a thing first, to outstrip:

occupat egressas quamlibet ante rates,

Ov. Tr. 1, 10, 6:

volo, tu prior ut occupes adire,

that you should present yourself the first, Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 15:

praeloqui,

id. Rud. 1, 4, 18:

bellum facere,

to begin the war first, Liv. 1, 14:

rapere oscula,

Hor. C. 2, 12, 28.—

Trop.

To seize, take possession of, fill, invade, engross:

tantus timor omnem exercitum occupavit,

Caes. B. G. 1, 39:

tremor occupat artus,

Ov. M. 3, 40:

sopor occupat artus,

Verg. G. 4, 190:

animos magnitudine rei,

Cic. Font. 5, 20:

pallor ora,

Verg. A. 4, 499.—

To take up, occupy, employ: haec causa primos menses occupabit, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 10, 3:

cum in mentem venit tres et sexaginta annos aeque multa volumina occupasse mihi,

Liv. 31, 1, 3:

in funambulo Animum,

Ter. Hec. prol. 1, 4:

contio, quae homines occupatos occupat,

Plaut. Men. 2, 1, 7:

tanta superstitio mentis Siculorum occupavit,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 51, § 113: pecuniam, to put out or lay out money:

pecuniam adulescentulo grandi fenore occupavisti,

have loaned it at a high rate, id. Fl. 21, 51:

pecunias apud populos,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 36, § 91:

pecuniam animalibus,

to lay out, invest in cattle, Col. 1, 8, 13:

pecuniam in pecore,

id. 11, 1:

argentum,

Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 13.— Pass.:

ante occupatur animus ab iracundiā,

Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 13, § 38; Liv. 22, 15, 6.—Hence, oc-cŭpātus, a, um, P. a., taken up, occupied, employed, busy, engaged (class.):

ut si occupati profuimus aliquid civibus nostris, prosimus etiam otiosi,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 3, 5:

in eo, ut,

Nep. Alc. 8, 1:

tempora,

Cic. Planc. 27, 66:

qui in patriā delendā occupati et sunt et fuerunt,

id. Off. 1, 17, 57:

hostibus opere occupatis,

Liv. 21, 45, 2: Nep. Hann. 7, 1.—Hence, married, occupatae (opp. to vacuae), Quint. Decl. 376.— Comp.: comitiorum dilationes occupatiorem me habebant, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 4, 3.— Sup.:

non dubito, quin occupatissimus fueris,

very much occupied, Cic. Att. 12, 38, 1; Plin. Ep. 9, 21, 2.

ō̆crĕa, ae, f. [okris, a prominence], x greave or leggin (made of mixed metal, and used to protect the legs of foot-soldiers, and also of hunters and country people;

it was sometimes worn only on one leg): ocrea, quod opponebatur ob crus,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 118 Müll.: ocrem montem confragosum dicebant antiqui. Hinc ocreae dictae inaequaliter tuberatae, Paul. ex Fest. p. 180 Müll.:

ocreas et cristas invenere Cares,

Plin. 7, 56, 57, § 200:

leves,

Verg. A. 7, 634. —The Samnites wore a greave only on the left leg:

sinistrum crus ocreā tectum,

Liv. 9, 4 (cf. Sil. 8, 419).—Worn by heavy-armed Romans on the right leg, Veg. Mil. 1, 20.— Worn by hunters;

v. ocreatus.—By rustics,

Verg. M. 121:

ocreas vendente puellā,

i. e. parting with the attire of a gladiator, Juv. 6, 258.

Ocrĕa, ae, m., a Roman surname:

C. Luscius Ocrea,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 14, 43.

ō̆crĕa, ae, f. [okris, a prominence], x greave or leggin (made of mixed metal, and used to protect the legs of foot-soldiers, and also of hunters and country people;

it was sometimes worn only on one leg): ocrea, quod opponebatur ob crus,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 118 Müll.: ocrem montem confragosum dicebant antiqui. Hinc ocreae dictae inaequaliter tuberatae, Paul. ex Fest. p. 180 Müll.:

ocreas et cristas invenere Cares,

Plin. 7, 56, 57, § 200:

leves,

Verg. A. 7, 634. —The Samnites wore a greave only on the left leg:

sinistrum crus ocreā tectum,

Liv. 9, 4 (cf. Sil. 8, 419).—Worn by heavy-armed Romans on the right leg, Veg. Mil. 1, 20.— Worn by hunters;

v. ocreatus.—By rustics,

Verg. M. 121:

ocreas vendente puellā,

i. e. parting with the attire of a gladiator, Juv. 6, 258.

Ocrĕa, ae, m., a Roman surname:

C. Luscius Ocrea,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 14, 43.

Ŏlympus and - pos (anciently written Olĭmpus), i, m., = Olumpos.

The name of several mountains, the most celebrated of which is one on the borders of Macedonia and Thessaly (now Lacha), of great height, and consequently regarded as the seat of the gods, Mel. 2, 3, 2; 4, 8, 15: Musae quae pedibus magnum pulsatis Olimpum, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 20 Müll.:

his diis Helicona atque Olympon attribuerunt homines,

Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 7:

frondosus,

Verg. G. 1, 282:

opacus,

Hor. C. 3, 4, 52:

nubes excedit Olympus,

Luc. 2, 271.—

Transf., poet. for heaven:

caelum dicunt Graeci Olympum,

Varr. L. L. 7, § 20; Verg. E. 6, 86:

longus Olympus,

the distant heavens, id. G. 3, 223:

annuit (Juppiter) et totum nutu tremefecit Olympum,

id. A. 9, 106:

stelliger,

Sen. Herc. Oet. 1907.—Hence, Ŏlympĭădes, um, f., the Muses (perh. only acc. to the foll. remark):

caelum dicunt Graeci Olympum montem in Macedoniā omnes, a quo potius puto Musas dictas Olympiadas,

Varr. L. L. 7, § 20.—

Of other mountains.

In Bithynia, Plin. 5, 32, 43, § 148.—

In Mysia, Plin. 5, 32, 40, § 142.—

In Galatia, Liv. 38, 18, 15; 38, 20, 2.—

In Lycia, Plin. 21, 6, 17, § 31. —

In Ionia, Plin. 5, 29, 31, § 118.—

In Peloponnesus, Serv. ad Verg. A. 8, 352.

Ŏlympus, i, f., a city in Cilicia, named from a neighboring mountain, now the ruins of Deliktash:

Olympum cepit, urbem antiquam et omnibus rebus auctam,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 21, § 56 (Zumpt N. cr.); Flor. 3, 6, 5; Eutr. 6, 3.—

A city of Lycia, named from a neighboring mountain, Cic. Ac. 1, 21, 56.

Ŏlympus, 1, m., a famous fluteplayer, pupil of Marsyas, Ov. M. 6, 393; id. P. 3, 3, 42; Hyg. Fab. 165; Plin. 36, 5, 4, § 29.

Ŏlympus and - pos (anciently written Olĭmpus), i, m., = Olumpos.

The name of several mountains, the most celebrated of which is one on the borders of Macedonia and Thessaly (now Lacha), of great height, and consequently regarded as the seat of the gods, Mel. 2, 3, 2; 4, 8, 15: Musae quae pedibus magnum pulsatis Olimpum, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 20 Müll.:

his diis Helicona atque Olympon attribuerunt homines,

Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 7:

frondosus,

Verg. G. 1, 282:

opacus,

Hor. C. 3, 4, 52:

nubes excedit Olympus,

Luc. 2, 271.—

Transf., poet. for heaven:

caelum dicunt Graeci Olympum,

Varr. L. L. 7, § 20; Verg. E. 6, 86:

longus Olympus,

the distant heavens, id. G. 3, 223:

annuit (Juppiter) et totum nutu tremefecit Olympum,

id. A. 9, 106:

stelliger,

Sen. Herc. Oet. 1907.—Hence, Ŏlympĭădes, um, f., the Muses (perh. only acc. to the foll. remark):

caelum dicunt Graeci Olympum montem in Macedoniā omnes, a quo potius puto Musas dictas Olympiadas,

Varr. L. L. 7, § 20.—

Of other mountains.

In Bithynia, Plin. 5, 32, 43, § 148.—

In Mysia, Plin. 5, 32, 40, § 142.—

In Galatia, Liv. 38, 18, 15; 38, 20, 2.—

In Lycia, Plin. 21, 6, 17, § 31. —

In Ionia, Plin. 5, 29, 31, § 118.—

In Peloponnesus, Serv. ad Verg. A. 8, 352.

Ŏlympus, i, f., a city in Cilicia, named from a neighboring mountain, now the ruins of Deliktash:

Olympum cepit, urbem antiquam et omnibus rebus auctam,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 21, § 56 (Zumpt N. cr.); Flor. 3, 6, 5; Eutr. 6, 3.—

A city of Lycia, named from a neighboring mountain, Cic. Ac. 1, 21, 56.

Ŏlympus, 1, m., a famous fluteplayer, pupil of Marsyas, Ov. M. 6, 393; id. P. 3, 3, 42; Hyg. Fab. 165; Plin. 36, 5, 4, § 29.

per-dūco, xi, ctum, 3 ( imper. perduce for perduc, Ser. Samm. 40, 754), v. a., lit., to lead or bring through; hence,

To lead, bring, conduct, guide a person or thing to any place.

In gen. (class.):

filium illuc,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 53:

legiones ad aliquem,

Cic. Fam. 12, 19, 2:

comprehensos eos ad Caesarem perduxerunt,

Caes. B. G. 7, 13; cf. id. B. C. 3, 28:

legionem in Allobrogas,

id. B. G. 3, 6:

Cyrum ad angustias,

Just. 1, 8, 10:

nautas ad aequora,

Luc. 2, 362:

ad Sullam,

Suet. Caes. 74:

in theatrum,

id. Ner. 13:

aliquem in conspectum alicujus,

id. Tib. 65:

bovem errantem ad stabula,

Verg. E. 6, 60:

tauros ad sacrificium,

Amm. 24, 6.—

In partic.

To draw over, bring over a woman to the acceptance of a lover:

huc Tertia perducta est,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 12, § 31; Suet. Tib. 45; id. Calig. 25; id. Vesp. 22; Hor. S. 2, 5, 77; Ov. Am. 3, 12, 11; Lact. 6, 17.—

To bring, carry, lead, conduct to a place;

of buildings, ditches, water (esp. freq. in Front.): a lacu Lemano ad montem Juram murum perducit,

Caes. B. G. 1, 8:

munitiones ex castellis,

id. B. C. 3, 44:

porticum,

Liv. 35, 10:

longum opus,

Luc. 3, 384:

Appia (aqua) perducta est,

Front. Aquaed. 6; cf.:

tum duumviri aquae perducendae creati sunt,

id. ib. 6; and:

aquas in urbem perducere,

id. ib. 7; so,

Anionem in Capitolium,

id. ib. 7:

virginem in agro Lucullano collectam Romam,

id. ib. 10;

13 et saep.: navigabilem alveum ex portu in Nilum,

Plin. 6, 29, 33, § 165.—

Of money, to deliver:

pecuniam,

Aur. Vict. Vir. Ill. 80, 2.—

Transf.

To spread over, bedaub, besmear with any thing ( poet.):

corpus odore ambrosiae,

Verg. G. 4, 415; Pers. 2, 55:

corpus stercore gallinae,

Ser. Samm. 39, 739:

artus succo,

id. 49, 922:

crusta perducta,

Scrib. Comp. 237.—

To rub out, erase (post-class.):

si aliquid interleverit, perduxerit,

Dig. 29, 1, 20:

nomen in testamento,

ib. 37, 11, 8; 28, 4, 11.—

To take a drink, to drink off or up, to quaff (post-class.):

cyceonis liquorem, Arn. poët. 5, 175: poculum continuo haustu,

App. M. 10, 5, p. 240:

aloë ex aquae cyathis tribus frigidis perducta,

Scrib. Comp. 135 fin. —

Trop.

In gen., to draw out, lengthen, prolong, continue, to bring, carry, guide a person or thing to a certain goal, to a certain period, etc. (class.):

res disputatione ad mediam noctem perducitur,

Caes. B. G. 5, 30:

oppugnatio ad noctem perducta,

Liv. 36, 23:

in noctem orationibus perductis,

id. 38, 51:

ad tempus tuum,

Cic. Fam. 10, 1, 2:

se medicinā usque ad longam senectam,

Plin. 29, 1, 8, § 15:

aliquem ex humili loco ad summam dignitatem,

Caes. B. G. 7, 39; so,

aliquem ad amplissimos honores,

Cic. Lael. 20, 73:

(agri colendi studia) ad centesimum annum,

id. Sen. 17, 60:

artem ad magnam gloriam,

Plin. 35, 9, 36, § 61:

aliquem ad perniciem,

Varr. R. R. 2, 3:

aliquid ad effectum,

Dig. 33, 1, 7:

aliquid ad exitum,

Cic. Inv. 2, 56, 169:

aliquid ad finem,

Lucr. 2, 1117:

eo rem perduxit,

brought the matter to that pass, Nep. Dion. 5, 6; cf. Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 7:

aliquid ad liquidum confessumque,

Quint. 5, 14, 28.—

To pass, spend:

noctes,

Prop. 1, 3, 39.—

In partic., to draw or bring over, win over, to persuade, induce (to an opinion or an action, etc.;

class.): si dictis nequis perduci, ut vera haec credas,

Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 41:

perducebam illam ad me suadelā meā,

id. Cist. 2, 3, 24:

aliquem ad suam sententiam,

Cic. Att. 16, 8, 1;

for which: aliquem in suam sententiam,

Caes. B. G. 7, 4:

aliquem ad se magnis pollicitationibus,

to bring over to one's side, to gain over, id. ib. 6, 11:

hominem ad HS LXXX.,

to induce to pay, Cic. Att. 5, 21, 12.

per-fŏdĭo, fōdi (perfodīvi, Plaut. Mil. 2, 1, 64 Ritschl N. cr.), fossum, 3, v. a.

To dig through, to pierce through, transfix (class.):

parietes,

Plaut. As. 3, 2, 17: parietem, id. l. l.; Cic. Vatin. 5, 11; Vulg. Matt. 24, 43:

montem,

Varr. R. R. 3, 17, 9:

Athone perfosso,

Cic. Fin. 2, 34, 112:

thorax perfossus,

Verg. A. 11, 10:

pectus,

Plin. Ep. 3, 16, 6:

pectora,

Stat. Th. 9, 522:

spinā argenteā dentes,

to pick, Petr. 33.—Hence,

To break into:

perfodit in tenebris domos,

Vulg. Job, 24, 16; id. Matt. 24, 43.—

To make by digging through:

fretum,

Liv. 33, 17, 6.

post (form poste, Enn. An. 235; Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 131; id. Stich. 2, 2, 56), adv. and prep. [root pas-; Sanscr. pac-kas, behind; Gr. pumatos (for posmatos); Lat. pone, postremus].

Of place, behind, back, backwards (class.):

ante aut post,

Liv. 22, 5, 8:

servi, qui post erant,

Cic. Mil. 10, 29:

lacertis priora genua post curvantur,

backwards, Plin. 11, 45, 102, § 249: sed ubi periculum advenit, invidia atque superbia post fuere, remained behind, were forgotten, Sall. C. 23, 7:

post minor est,

i.e. shorter when seen from behind, Juv. 6, 504. —

Of time, afterwards, after: nunc et post semper, old poet in Plin. 35, 10, 37, § 115.—

Ante... post, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 20, 40 (Ann. v. 47 Vahl.):

post duobus mensibus,

Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 33:

initio... post autem,

Cic. Fam. 7, 5; id. Dom. 55, 140; Sall. J. 55, 8: duxi probum, erravi, post cognovi, Enn. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 24, 38 (Trag. v. 160 Vahl.):

multis post annis,

many years after, Cic. Fl. 23, 56:

paucis diebus post,

Plaut. Men. prol. 36:

multis annis post,

id. ib. 5, 9, 72:

biennio post,

Cic. Brut. 91, 316: quam te post multis tueor tempestatibus? after how long a time? Pac. ap. Non. 414, 3:

aliquanto post,

some time after, shortly after, Cic. Caecin. 4, 11:

post aliquanto,

id. Or. 30, 107:

paulo post valens,

a little later, id. Fam. 16, 5, 2:

post paulo,

soon after, Caes. B. C. 1, 29:

multo post quam,

long after, Cic. Att. 12, 49; cf. Liv. 24, 3, 14 Weissenb.:

post tanto,

so long after, Verg. G. 3, 476:

post non multo,

not long afterwards, Nep. Paus. 3, 1:

neque ita multo,

and not very long afterwards, id. Cim. 3, 4.—With inde, deinde, and afterwards, and then: et post inde, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 59 Müll. (Ann. v. 11 Vahl.):

inde pedes et crura mori, post inde per artus, etc.,

Lucr. 3, 529:

primum... post deinde,

Ter. And. 3, 2, 3; Nep. Eum. 5, 5.—

Prep. with acc., behind.

Of place: post me erat Aegina, ante Megara, Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 4; Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 52:

post nostra castra,

Caes. B. G. 2, 9:

post tergum,

id. ib. 7, 88:

post carecta,

Verg. E. 3, 20:

post montem se occultare,

Caes. B. G. 7, 83:

post se alligare,

Plin. 26, 9, 58, § 91:

post equitem sedet atra cura,

Hor. C. 3, 1, 40.—

Trop., beneath, inferior to, less important than:

neque erat Lydia post Chloen,

Hor. C. 3, 9, 6:

tantus erat ambitionis furor, ut nemo tibi post te videatur, si aliquis ante te fuerit,

Sen. Ep. 104, 9:

ut sua necessaria post illius honorem haberent,

Sall. J. 73, 6; Plin. 33, 2, 8, § 34.—

Of time, after, since:

aliquot post menses,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 44, 128:

maxima post hominum memoriam classis,

since the memory of man, Nep. Them. 5, 3:

post M. Brutum proconsulem,

after the proconsulate, Cic. Phil. 2, 38, 97.—So with part. constr.:

post urbem conditam,

since the city was founded, Cic. Cat. 4, 7, 14:

post homines natos,

id. Brut. 62, 224; id. Mil. 26, 69:

sexennio post Veios captos,

after the taking of Veii, id. Div. 1, 44, 100 al. —Put after the noun:

hunc post,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 6, 15.—With quam:

decessit post annum quartum quam expulsus fuerat,

Nep. Arist. 3, 3; cf.:

post annum quintum, quo expulsus erat,

id. Cim. 3, 3: post id, post illa, after this, after that, afterwards:

post id cum lassus fueris,

Plaut. Cas. 1, 42: qui foret post illa natus, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 21, 42 (Trag. v. 67 Vahl.):

eum numquam post illa vidi,

Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 43:

post illa,

Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 33:

post haec deinde,

then after this, and next, Col. 3, 4:

post Hectora,

Ov. M. 12, 607.—

Transf., besides, except:

post sidera caeli sola Jovem Semele vidit,

Calp. Ecl. 10, 22.

prŏpĭor, ĭus, gen. ōris, adj. comp., and proxĭmus, a, um, adj. sup. (v. below, II.) [from the obsol. propis; whence prope].

Comp., nearer, nigher.

Lit., of place:

portus propior,

Verg. A. 3, 530:

tumulus,

Liv. 22, 24:

ut propior patriae sit fuga nostra,

Ov. P. 1, 2, 130:

domus,

Sall. H. 2, 40 Dietsch:

cum propior caliginis aër Ater init oculos,

Lucr. 4, 338 (314).—With acc.:

propior montem suos collocat,

Sall. J. 49, 1:

propior hostem,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 9.—With ab:

quisquis ab igne propior stetit,

Sen. Ep. 74, 4.—With inf.:

propior timeri,

Stat. Th. 12, 223.— Neutr. plur, subst.: prŏpĭōra, um, places lying near:

propiora fluminis,

Tac. H. 5, 16:

tenere,

Verg. A. 5, 168.—

Trop.

Of time, nearer, later, more recent:

veniunt inde ad propiora,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 48, 116:

venio ad propiorem (epistulam),

id. Att. 15, 3, 2:

propior puero quam juveni,

Vell. 2, 53, 1:

septimus octavo jam propior annus,

Hor. S. 2, 6, 40; id. C. 3, 15, 4:

mors,

Tib. 2, 3, 42:

propiore aut longiore tempore aliquid facere,

Dig. 23, 4, 17.—

Of relationship, nearer, more nearly related; with dat.:

quibus propior P. Quintio nemo est,

Cic. Quint. 31, 97:

ille gradu propior sanguinis,

Ov. H. 3, 28; 16, 326; 20, 158:

amicus,

Hor. Ep. 1, 9, 5.—

Of resemblance, more nearly resembling, more like (class.); with dat.:

quae sceleri propiora sunt, quam religioni,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 50, § 112:

tauro,

Verg. G. 3, 57:

vero est propius,

more probable, Liv. 4, 37; Ov. F. 4, 801; Tac. A. 13, 34; id. G. 45:

scribere Sermoni propiora,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 42.—With acc. (not in Cic.):

propius est fidem,

is more credible, Liv. 4, 17:

quod tamen vitium propius virtutem erat,

Sall. C. 11, 1.—

Of relation or connection, nearer, more nearly related, affecting or concerning more nearly, of greater import, closer, more intimate:

hunc priorem aequom'st me habere: tunica propior pallio est, proverbially,

my shirt is nearer than my coat, Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 30:

propior societas eorum, qui ejusdem civitatis,

Cic. Off. 3, 17, 69:

sua sibi propiora pericula esse, quam mea,

id. Sest. 18, 40:

alium portum propiorem huic aetati videbamus,

id. Att. 14, 19, 1:

damnum propius medullis,

Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 28:

cura propior luctusque domesticus,

Ov. M. 13, 578; id. P. 4, 9, 71:

supplemento vel Latium propius esse,

Liv. 8, 11:

irae quam timori propiorem cernens,

more inclined to anger than to fear, Tac. A. 16, 9: oderat Aenean propior Saturnia Turno, more inclined or attached to, Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 7.—Hence, adv.: prŏpĭus, more nearly, nearer, closer (class.).

Lit.

Absol.:

propius accedamus,

Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 11; Ov. M. 2, 41:

res adspicere,

Verg. A. 1, 526:

propius spectare aliquid,

Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 67;

stare,

id. A. P. 361.—

With dat., nearer to: propius grammatico accessi, Cic. ap. Diom. p. 405 P. (not elsewhere in Cic.):

propius Tiberi quam Thermopylis,

Nep. Hann. 8, 3:

propius stabulis armenta tenerent,

Verg. G. 1, 355.—

With acc.:

ne propius se castra moveret,

Caes. B. G. 4, 9:

pars insulae, quae est propius solis occasum,

id. ib. 4, 28: propius aliquem accedere, id. ib. 5, 36:

propius urbem,

Cic. Phil. 7, 9, 26:

mare,

Sall. J. 18, 9.—

With ab:

propius a terris,

Cic. N. D. 1, 31, 87:

antiquitas quo propius aberat ab ortu et divinā progenie, hoc melius ea cernebat,

id. Tusc. 1, 12, 26:

ab Urbe,

Plin. 17, 25, 38, § 243.—

Trop.:

ut propius ad ea accedam, quae a te dicta sunt,

Cic. Fin. 4, 10, 24; Sen. Ira, 3, 42, 4; Cic. Part. 36, 124:

propius accedo: nego esse illa testimonia,

id. Fl. 10, 23:

a contumeliā quam a laude propius fuerit post Vitellium eligi,

Tac. H. 2, 76:

nec quicquam propius est factum, quam ut illum persequeretur,

he was within an ace of following him, Cic. Clu. 21, 59; so,

propius nihil est factum, quam ut occideretur,

id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 5, § 15.

Sup.: proxĭmus (PROXVMVS and PROXSVMEIS, Tab. Bant.; late comp. proximior, Sen. Ep. 108, 16; Ulp. ap. Prisc. p. 607 P.; v. below, B. 2. and 3.; cf. in adv. 2. c.), a, um, adj., the nearest, next (class.).

Lit., of place:

proxima oppida,

Caes. B. G. 3, 12:

via,

Lucr. 5, 103; cf.:

via ad gloriam proxima et quasi compendiaria,

Cic. Off. 2, 12, 43:

ad proximum mare, dein Romam pergerent,

Sall. J. 23, 2:

in proximos collis discedunt,

id. ib. 54, 10:

proximum iter in Galliam,

Caes. B. G. 1, 10:

paries cum proximus ardet,

Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 84:

agri termini,

id. C. 2, 18, 23:

proximus vicinus,

one's nearest neighbor, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 138; Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 49; Cic. Att. 2, 14, 2; Dig. 50, 15, 4.—With dat.:

Belgae proximi sunt Germanis,

Caes. B. G. 1, 1: huic proximum inferiorem orbem tenet puroeis, Cic. N. D. 2, 20, 53:

proxima Campano ponti villula,

Hor. S. 1, 5, 45.—With acc. (not in Cic.):

qui te proximus est,

Plaut. Poen. 5, 3, 1:

ager proximus finem Megalopolitarum,

Liv. 35, 27:

Crassus proximus mare Oceanum hiemarat,

Caes. B. G. 3, 7, 2:

qui proximi forte tribunal steterant,

Liv. 8, 32, 12.—With ab, nearest to, next to:

dactylus proximus a postremo,

next before, Cic. Or. 64, 217:

ut quisque proximus ab oppresso sit,

Liv. 37, 25:

proximus a dominā,

Ov. A. A. 1, 139:

proxima regio ab eā (urbe),

Curt. 10, 5, 18. —Hence, as subst.,

proxĭmus, i, m., a neighbor, a fellow-man, Val. Max. 6, 9 init.; Quint. Decl. 259.—As subst.,

proxĭmum, i, n., the neighborhood, vicinity:

vicinus e proximo,

hard by, Plaut. Aul. 2, 4, 11:

aquam hinc de proximo rogabo,

from the house next door, id. Rud. 2, 3, 73:

cum in proximo hic sit aegra,

close by, next door, Ter. Hec. 3, 2, 6:

huic locum in proximum conduxi,

Cic. Fil. Fam. 16, 21, 4:

per impluvium huc despexi in proximum,

into our neighbor's, Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 16.— Plur.:

traicit in proxima continentis,

Liv. 31, 46, 12.—

Trop.

Of time, the next preceding or following, the previous, last, the next, the following, ensuing:

quid proximā, quid superiore nocte egeris,

Cic. Cat. 1, 1, 1:

his proximis Nonis, cum in hortos Bruti venissemus,

id. Lael. 2, 7:

Gabinius quem proximis superioribus diebus acerrime oppugnasset,

id. Fam. 1, 9, 20: se proximā nocte castra moturum, on the next, i.e. the following night, Caes. B. G. 1, 40 fin.; 2, 12; 3, 18; Liv. 2, 7, 1:

proximo anno,

Sall. J. 35, 2; Plin. 17, 23, 35, § 208:

in proxumum annum (se) transtulit,

Cic. Mil. 9, 24:

proximo, altero, tertio, denique reliquis consecutis diebus,

id. Phil. 1, 13, 32:

bello tanto majore quam proximo conatu apparatum est,

Liv. 4, 23, 6 Weissenb. ad loc.: IN DIEBVS V. PROXSVMEIS QVIBVS QVISQVE EORVM MAG (istratum) INIERIT, Tab. Bantin. lin. 14; so ib. lin. 12; Cic. Fam. 10, 26, 2; id. Att. 11, 11, 1:

censor qui proximus ante me fuerat,

id. Sen. 12, 42: die proximi, old abl. form for proximo, Cato ap. Gell. 10, 24, 10, and ap. Non. 153, 11; cf.:

crastinus, pristinus, etc., but proximo a. d. VI. Kal. Octobr.,

recently, last of all, Cic. Att. 18, 5.—

In order of succession, rank, estimation, worth, etc., the next:

summa necessitudo videtur esse honestatis: huic proxima incolumitatis: tertia ac levissima commoditatis,

Cic. Inv. 2, 58, 173:

observat L. Domitium maxime, me habet proximum,

id. Att. 1, 1, 3:

proximos dentes eiciunt,

Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 2:

prima vulnera... Proxima,

Ov. M. 3, 233:

proximos illi tamen occupavit Pallas honores,

Hor. C. 1, 12, 19: proximum est, ut, it follows that, remains that, the next point is: proximum est ergo, ut, opus fuerit classe necne quaeramus, we must next inquire, Cic. Fl. 12, 27:

proximum est, ut doceam, deorum providentiā mundum administrari,

id. N. D. 2, 29, 73.—Of value or quality, the next, most nearly approaching, most like or similar:

id habendum est antiquissimum et deo proximum, quod est optimum,

Cic. Leg. 2, 16, 40:

ficta voluptatis causā sint proxima veris,

Hor. A. P. 338:

proxima Phoebi Versibus ille facit,

Verg. E. 7, 22.— Comp.:

ut quorum abstinentiam interrupi, modum servem et quidem abstinentiae proximiorem,

Sen. Ep. 108, 16.—

In relationship, connection, or resemblance, the nearest, next, most nearly or closely related, next of kin, most like:

AGNATVS PROXIMVS, Fragm. XII. Tabularum: hic illi genere est proximus,

Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 17:

proximus cognatione,

Cic. Inv. 2, 49, 144:

id des proximum,

id. Leg. 2, 16, 40:

proxima virtutibus vitia,

Quint. 10, 2, 16:

propinquitate,

Nep. Ages. 1, 3:

proximae necessitudines,

Petr. 116.— Comp.: si quis proximior cognatus nasceretur, Ulp. ap. Prisc. p. 607 P.— Subst.: proxĭmi, ōrum, m., one's nearest relatives, next of kin:

injuriosi sunt in proximos,

Cic. Off. 1, 14, 44; Caes. Fragm. ap. Gell. 5, 13, 6; Phaedr. 5, 1, 16:

cum haec omnia cumulate tuis proximis plana fecero,

i.e. to your friends, intimates, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 64, § 165; id. Pis. 32, 79; Gell. 3, 8, 3.—

In gen., one's neighbor, fellow-man:

sive nostros status, sive proximorum ingenia contemplamur,

Val. Max. 6, 9, 1; Quint. Decl. 2, 59:

quis est mihi proximus?

Aug. in Psa. 118; Serm. 8, 2; 90, 7 init. —

That is nearest at hand, i. e. apt, fit, suitable, convenient, easy (anteand post-class.):

argumentum,

App. Mag. p. 278:

cum obvium proximumque esset dicere, etc.,

Gell. 3, 14, 12: eamus ad me;

ibi proximum est, ubi mutes,

there is the fittest, most convenient place, Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 64.— Adv.: proxĭmē (proxume; comp. proximius, v. below, 2. c.), nearest, very near, next.

Lit., of place, with dat. (not in Cic., rare in Livy):

quam proxime potest hostium castris castra communit,

Caes. B. C. 1, 72 fin.; Liv. 25, 14, 4.—With acc.:

exercitum habere quam proxime hostem,

Cic. Att. 6, 5, 3:

proxime Pompeium sedebam,

id. ib. 1, 14, 3:

proxime Hispaniam Mauri sunt,

Sall. J. 19, 4.—With ab:

a Surā proxime est Philiscum oppidum Parthorum,

Plin. 5, 26, 21, § 89:

omnes tamen quam proxime alter ab altero debent habitare,

Col. 1, 6, 8.—

Trop.

Of time, shortly before or after, last, next:

civitates quae proxime bellum fecerant,

Caes. B. G. 3, 29:

Tito fratre suo censore, qui proximus ante me fuerat,

Cic. Sen. 12, 42; id. Part. 39, 137; Plin. Ep. 4, 13, 3:

cum proxime judices contrahentur,

id. ib. 5, 7, 3.—With acc.:

proxime abstinentiam sumendus est cibus exiguus,

Cels. 3, 2:

proxime solis occasum,

Pall. 9, 8, 5.—

Of order, rank, estimation, condition, etc., next to, next after, next:

proxime et secundum deos homines hominibus maxime utiles esse possunt,

Cic. Off. 2, 3, 1:

me huic tuae virtuti proxime accedere,

id. Fam. 11, 21, 4:

proxime a nobilissimis viris,

Vell. 2, 124, 4; id. 2, 127, 1:

proxime valent cetera lauri genera,

Plin. 23, 8, 80, § 158: utilissimum esse omphacium;

proxime viride,

id. 23, 4, 39, § 79.—With acc.: esse etiam debent proxime hos cari, qui, etc., Cass. ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 13, 2:

proxime morem Romanum,

closely following the Roman method, Liv. 24, 48, 11:

erat res minime certamini navali similis, proxime speciem muros oppugnantium navium,

closely resembling, id. 30, 10.—In this sense also with atque:

proxime atque ille aut aeque,

nearly the same as he, Cic. Fam. 9, 13, 2.—

Very closely, nicely, accurately:

ut proxime utriusque differentiam signem,

Quint. 6, 2, 20 Spald.; cf.:

analogia, quam proxime ex Graeco transferentes in Latinum proportionem vocaverunt,

id. 1, 6, 3. — Comp.:

nonne apertius, proximius, verius?

Min. Fel. Oct. 19.

prŏpĭor, ĭus, gen. ōris, adj. comp., and proxĭmus, a, um, adj. sup. (v. below, II.) [from the obsol. propis; whence prope].

Comp., nearer, nigher.

Lit., of place:

portus propior,

Verg. A. 3, 530:

tumulus,

Liv. 22, 24:

ut propior patriae sit fuga nostra,

Ov. P. 1, 2, 130:

domus,

Sall. H. 2, 40 Dietsch:

cum propior caliginis aër Ater init oculos,

Lucr. 4, 338 (314).—With acc.:

propior montem suos collocat,

Sall. J. 49, 1:

propior hostem,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 9.—With ab:

quisquis ab igne propior stetit,

Sen. Ep. 74, 4.—With inf.:

propior timeri,

Stat. Th. 12, 223.— Neutr. plur, subst.: prŏpĭōra, um, places lying near:

propiora fluminis,

Tac. H. 5, 16:

tenere,

Verg. A. 5, 168.—

Trop.

Of time, nearer, later, more recent:

veniunt inde ad propiora,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 48, 116:

venio ad propiorem (epistulam),

id. Att. 15, 3, 2:

propior puero quam juveni,

Vell. 2, 53, 1:

septimus octavo jam propior annus,

Hor. S. 2, 6, 40; id. C. 3, 15, 4:

mors,

Tib. 2, 3, 42:

propiore aut longiore tempore aliquid facere,

Dig. 23, 4, 17.—

Of relationship, nearer, more nearly related; with dat.:

quibus propior P. Quintio nemo est,

Cic. Quint. 31, 97:

ille gradu propior sanguinis,

Ov. H. 3, 28; 16, 326; 20, 158:

amicus,

Hor. Ep. 1, 9, 5.—

Of resemblance, more nearly resembling, more like (class.); with dat.:

quae sceleri propiora sunt, quam religioni,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 50, § 112:

tauro,

Verg. G. 3, 57:

vero est propius,

more probable, Liv. 4, 37; Ov. F. 4, 801; Tac. A. 13, 34; id. G. 45:

scribere Sermoni propiora,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 42.—With acc. (not in Cic.):

propius est fidem,

is more credible, Liv. 4, 17:

quod tamen vitium propius virtutem erat,

Sall. C. 11, 1.—

Of relation or connection, nearer, more nearly related, affecting or concerning more nearly, of greater import, closer, more intimate:

hunc priorem aequom'st me habere: tunica propior pallio est, proverbially,

my shirt is nearer than my coat, Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 30:

propior societas eorum, qui ejusdem civitatis,

Cic. Off. 3, 17, 69:

sua sibi propiora pericula esse, quam mea,

id. Sest. 18, 40:

alium portum propiorem huic aetati videbamus,

id. Att. 14, 19, 1:

damnum propius medullis,

Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 28:

cura propior luctusque domesticus,

Ov. M. 13, 578; id. P. 4, 9, 71:

supplemento vel Latium propius esse,

Liv. 8, 11:

irae quam timori propiorem cernens,

more inclined to anger than to fear, Tac. A. 16, 9: oderat Aenean propior Saturnia Turno, more inclined or attached to, Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 7.—Hence, adv.: prŏpĭus, more nearly, nearer, closer (class.).

Lit.

Absol.:

propius accedamus,

Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 11; Ov. M. 2, 41:

res adspicere,

Verg. A. 1, 526:

propius spectare aliquid,

Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 67;

stare,

id. A. P. 361.—

With dat., nearer to: propius grammatico accessi, Cic. ap. Diom. p. 405 P. (not elsewhere in Cic.):

propius Tiberi quam Thermopylis,

Nep. Hann. 8, 3:

propius stabulis armenta tenerent,

Verg. G. 1, 355.—

With acc.:

ne propius se castra moveret,

Caes. B. G. 4, 9:

pars insulae, quae est propius solis occasum,

id. ib. 4, 28: propius aliquem accedere, id. ib. 5, 36:

propius urbem,

Cic. Phil. 7, 9, 26:

mare,

Sall. J. 18, 9.—

With ab:

propius a terris,

Cic. N. D. 1, 31, 87:

antiquitas quo propius aberat ab ortu et divinā progenie, hoc melius ea cernebat,

id. Tusc. 1, 12, 26:

ab Urbe,

Plin. 17, 25, 38, § 243.—

Trop.:

ut propius ad ea accedam, quae a te dicta sunt,

Cic. Fin. 4, 10, 24; Sen. Ira, 3, 42, 4; Cic. Part. 36, 124:

propius accedo: nego esse illa testimonia,

id. Fl. 10, 23:

a contumeliā quam a laude propius fuerit post Vitellium eligi,

Tac. H. 2, 76:

nec quicquam propius est factum, quam ut illum persequeretur,

he was within an ace of following him, Cic. Clu. 21, 59; so,

propius nihil est factum, quam ut occideretur,

id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 5, § 15.

Sup.: proxĭmus (PROXVMVS and PROXSVMEIS, Tab. Bant.; late comp. proximior, Sen. Ep. 108, 16; Ulp. ap. Prisc. p. 607 P.; v. below, B. 2. and 3.; cf. in adv. 2. c.), a, um, adj., the nearest, next (class.).

Lit., of place:

proxima oppida,

Caes. B. G. 3, 12:

via,

Lucr. 5, 103; cf.:

via ad gloriam proxima et quasi compendiaria,

Cic. Off. 2, 12, 43:

ad proximum mare, dein Romam pergerent,

Sall. J. 23, 2:

in proximos collis discedunt,

id. ib. 54, 10:

proximum iter in Galliam,

Caes. B. G. 1, 10:

paries cum proximus ardet,

Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 84:

agri termini,

id. C. 2, 18, 23:

proximus vicinus,

one's nearest neighbor, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 138; Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 49; Cic. Att. 2, 14, 2; Dig. 50, 15, 4.—With dat.:

Belgae proximi sunt Germanis,

Caes. B. G. 1, 1: huic proximum inferiorem orbem tenet puroeis, Cic. N. D. 2, 20, 53:

proxima Campano ponti villula,

Hor. S. 1, 5, 45.—With acc. (not in Cic.):

qui te proximus est,

Plaut. Poen. 5, 3, 1:

ager proximus finem Megalopolitarum,

Liv. 35, 27:

Crassus proximus mare Oceanum hiemarat,

Caes. B. G. 3, 7, 2:

qui proximi forte tribunal steterant,

Liv. 8, 32, 12.—With ab, nearest to, next to:

dactylus proximus a postremo,

next before, Cic. Or. 64, 217:

ut quisque proximus ab oppresso sit,

Liv. 37, 25:

proximus a dominā,

Ov. A. A. 1, 139:

proxima regio ab eā (urbe),

Curt. 10, 5, 18. —Hence, as subst.,

proxĭmus, i, m., a neighbor, a fellow-man, Val. Max. 6, 9 init.; Quint. Decl. 259.—As subst.,

proxĭmum, i, n., the neighborhood, vicinity:

vicinus e proximo,

hard by, Plaut. Aul. 2, 4, 11:

aquam hinc de proximo rogabo,

from the house next door, id. Rud. 2, 3, 73:

cum in proximo hic sit aegra,

close by, next door, Ter. Hec. 3, 2, 6:

huic locum in proximum conduxi,

Cic. Fil. Fam. 16, 21, 4:

per impluvium huc despexi in proximum,

into our neighbor's, Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 16.— Plur.:

traicit in proxima continentis,

Liv. 31, 46, 12.—

Trop.

Of time, the next preceding or following, the previous, last, the next, the following, ensuing:

quid proximā, quid superiore nocte egeris,

Cic. Cat. 1, 1, 1:

his proximis Nonis, cum in hortos Bruti venissemus,

id. Lael. 2, 7:

Gabinius quem proximis superioribus diebus acerrime oppugnasset,

id. Fam. 1, 9, 20: se proximā nocte castra moturum, on the next, i.e. the following night, Caes. B. G. 1, 40 fin.; 2, 12; 3, 18; Liv. 2, 7, 1:

proximo anno,

Sall. J. 35, 2; Plin. 17, 23, 35, § 208:

in proxumum annum (se) transtulit,

Cic. Mil. 9, 24:

proximo, altero, tertio, denique reliquis consecutis diebus,

id. Phil. 1, 13, 32:

bello tanto majore quam proximo conatu apparatum est,

Liv. 4, 23, 6 Weissenb. ad loc.: IN DIEBVS V. PROXSVMEIS QVIBVS QVISQVE EORVM MAG (istratum) INIERIT, Tab. Bantin. lin. 14; so ib. lin. 12; Cic. Fam. 10, 26, 2; id. Att. 11, 11, 1:

censor qui proximus ante me fuerat,

id. Sen. 12, 42: die proximi, old abl. form for proximo, Cato ap. Gell. 10, 24, 10, and ap. Non. 153, 11; cf.:

crastinus, pristinus, etc., but proximo a. d. VI. Kal. Octobr.,

recently, last of all, Cic. Att. 18, 5.—

In order of succession, rank, estimation, worth, etc., the next:

summa necessitudo videtur esse honestatis: huic proxima incolumitatis: tertia ac levissima commoditatis,

Cic. Inv. 2, 58, 173:

observat L. Domitium maxime, me habet proximum,

id. Att. 1, 1, 3:

proximos dentes eiciunt,

Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 2:

prima vulnera... Proxima,

Ov. M. 3, 233:

proximos illi tamen occupavit Pallas honores,

Hor. C. 1, 12, 19: proximum est, ut, it follows that, remains that, the next point is: proximum est ergo, ut, opus fuerit classe necne quaeramus, we must next inquire, Cic. Fl. 12, 27:

proximum est, ut doceam, deorum providentiā mundum administrari,

id. N. D. 2, 29, 73.—Of value or quality, the next, most nearly approaching, most like or similar:

id habendum est antiquissimum et deo proximum, quod est optimum,

Cic. Leg. 2, 16, 40:

ficta voluptatis causā sint proxima veris,

Hor. A. P. 338:

proxima Phoebi Versibus ille facit,

Verg. E. 7, 22.— Comp.:

ut quorum abstinentiam interrupi, modum servem et quidem abstinentiae proximiorem,

Sen. Ep. 108, 16.—

In relationship, connection, or resemblance, the nearest, next, most nearly or closely related, next of kin, most like:

AGNATVS PROXIMVS, Fragm. XII. Tabularum: hic illi genere est proximus,

Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 17:

proximus cognatione,

Cic. Inv. 2, 49, 144:

id des proximum,

id. Leg. 2, 16, 40:

proxima virtutibus vitia,

Quint. 10, 2, 16:

propinquitate,

Nep. Ages. 1, 3:

proximae necessitudines,

Petr. 116.— Comp.: si quis proximior cognatus nasceretur, Ulp. ap. Prisc. p. 607 P.— Subst.: proxĭmi, ōrum, m., one's nearest relatives, next of kin:

injuriosi sunt in proximos,

Cic. Off. 1, 14, 44; Caes. Fragm. ap. Gell. 5, 13, 6; Phaedr. 5, 1, 16:

cum haec omnia cumulate tuis proximis plana fecero,

i.e. to your friends, intimates, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 64, § 165; id. Pis. 32, 79; Gell. 3, 8, 3.—

In gen., one's neighbor, fellow-man:

sive nostros status, sive proximorum ingenia contemplamur,

Val. Max. 6, 9, 1; Quint. Decl. 2, 59:

quis est mihi proximus?

Aug. in Psa. 118; Serm. 8, 2; 90, 7 init. —

That is nearest at hand, i. e. apt, fit, suitable, convenient, easy (anteand post-class.):

argumentum,

App. Mag. p. 278:

cum obvium proximumque esset dicere, etc.,

Gell. 3, 14, 12: eamus ad me;

ibi proximum est, ubi mutes,

there is the fittest, most convenient place, Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 64.— Adv.: proxĭmē (proxume; comp. proximius, v. below, 2. c.), nearest, very near, next.

Lit., of place, with dat. (not in Cic., rare in Livy):

quam proxime potest hostium castris castra communit,

Caes. B. C. 1, 72 fin.; Liv. 25, 14, 4.—With acc.:

exercitum habere quam proxime hostem,

Cic. Att. 6, 5, 3:

proxime Pompeium sedebam,

id. ib. 1, 14, 3:

proxime Hispaniam Mauri sunt,

Sall. J. 19, 4.—With ab:

a Surā proxime est Philiscum oppidum Parthorum,

Plin. 5, 26, 21, § 89:

omnes tamen quam proxime alter ab altero debent habitare,

Col. 1, 6, 8.—

Trop.

Of time, shortly before or after, last, next:

civitates quae proxime bellum fecerant,

Caes. B. G. 3, 29:

Tito fratre suo censore, qui proximus ante me fuerat,

Cic. Sen. 12, 42; id. Part. 39, 137; Plin. Ep. 4, 13, 3:

cum proxime judices contrahentur,

id. ib. 5, 7, 3.—With acc.:

proxime abstinentiam sumendus est cibus exiguus,

Cels. 3, 2:

proxime solis occasum,

Pall. 9, 8, 5.—

Of order, rank, estimation, condition, etc., next to, next after, next:

proxime et secundum deos homines hominibus maxime utiles esse possunt,

Cic. Off. 2, 3, 1:

me huic tuae virtuti proxime accedere,

id. Fam. 11, 21, 4:

proxime a nobilissimis viris,

Vell. 2, 124, 4; id. 2, 127, 1:

proxime valent cetera lauri genera,

Plin. 23, 8, 80, § 158: utilissimum esse omphacium;

proxime viride,

id. 23, 4, 39, § 79.—With acc.: esse etiam debent proxime hos cari, qui, etc., Cass. ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 13, 2:

proxime morem Romanum,

closely following the Roman method, Liv. 24, 48, 11:

erat res minime certamini navali similis, proxime speciem muros oppugnantium navium,

closely resembling, id. 30, 10.—In this sense also with atque:

proxime atque ille aut aeque,

nearly the same as he, Cic. Fam. 9, 13, 2.—

Very closely, nicely, accurately:

ut proxime utriusque differentiam signem,

Quint. 6, 2, 20 Spald.; cf.:

analogia, quam proxime ex Graeco transferentes in Latinum proportionem vocaverunt,

id. 1, 6, 3. — Comp.:

nonne apertius, proximius, verius?

Min. Fel. Oct. 19.