martis

ex-ănĭmis, e, and ex-ănĭmus, a, um (cf. Wagner ad Verg. A. 4, 8; the latter form common in the plur., of which the former has only exanimes, nom. and acc.), adj. [anima], lifeless, dead (mostly postAug.; not in Cic. and Caes.; cf.: inanimis, exanimatus, mortuus).

Lit.

Form exanimis:

(columba) Decidit exanimis,

Verg. A. 5, 517; cf. id. ib. 5, 481:

ut exanimem labentem ex equo Scipionem vidit,

Liv. 25, 34 fin.:

aliquamdiu jacuit,

Suet. Caes. 82 et saep.:

corpus,

Ov. M. 14, 728; 10, 721; 13, 438; Plin. Ep. 3, 14, 2; Curt. 8, 11, 16; 9, 5, 8; Plin. 9, 21, 38, § 74:

caro,

id. 11, 33, 39, § 114; Quint. 4, 2, 13; cf.

artus,

Ov. M. 2, 336.— Poet.:

gelidae exanimesque favillae,

i. e. dead, extinguished, Stat. Th. 12, 418:

hiems,

i. e. calm, without wind, id. ib. 7, 88.—

Form exanimus:

pueri,

Lucr. 6, 1256:

nos juvenem exanimum... vano maesti comitamur honore,

Verg. A. 11, 51:

pacem me exanimis et Martis sorte peremptis Oratis?

id. ib. 11, 110:

partim exanimos ante vallum aut in amnem Rhenum proiciunt,

Tac. A. 1, 32:

corpus exanimum,

Lucr. 6, 705; so,

corpus (corpora),

id. 6, 1273; Col. 12, 45, 4; Curt. 10, 10, 12; Verg. A. 1, 484; 6, 149; 9, 444; Liv. 25, 26; Plin. 10, 3, 3, § 8.—As subst.: exănĭma, ōrum, n., lifeless things, Lact. 2, 2, 17; id. Epit. 25, 15.—

Transf., half dead with fear, terrified, dismayed (very rare;

only in form exanimis): audiit exanimis,

Verg. A. 4, 672; cf. Hor. S. 1, 1, 76; 2, 6, 114; Liv. 1, 25, 6.

ex-ănĭmis, e, and ex-ănĭmus, a, um (cf. Wagner ad Verg. A. 4, 8; the latter form common in the plur., of which the former has only exanimes, nom. and acc.), adj. [anima], lifeless, dead (mostly postAug.; not in Cic. and Caes.; cf.: inanimis, exanimatus, mortuus).

Lit.

Form exanimis:

(columba) Decidit exanimis,

Verg. A. 5, 517; cf. id. ib. 5, 481:

ut exanimem labentem ex equo Scipionem vidit,

Liv. 25, 34 fin.:

aliquamdiu jacuit,

Suet. Caes. 82 et saep.:

corpus,

Ov. M. 14, 728; 10, 721; 13, 438; Plin. Ep. 3, 14, 2; Curt. 8, 11, 16; 9, 5, 8; Plin. 9, 21, 38, § 74:

caro,

id. 11, 33, 39, § 114; Quint. 4, 2, 13; cf.

artus,

Ov. M. 2, 336.— Poet.:

gelidae exanimesque favillae,

i. e. dead, extinguished, Stat. Th. 12, 418:

hiems,

i. e. calm, without wind, id. ib. 7, 88.—

Form exanimus:

pueri,

Lucr. 6, 1256:

nos juvenem exanimum... vano maesti comitamur honore,

Verg. A. 11, 51:

pacem me exanimis et Martis sorte peremptis Oratis?

id. ib. 11, 110:

partim exanimos ante vallum aut in amnem Rhenum proiciunt,

Tac. A. 1, 32:

corpus exanimum,

Lucr. 6, 705; so,

corpus (corpora),

id. 6, 1273; Col. 12, 45, 4; Curt. 10, 10, 12; Verg. A. 1, 484; 6, 149; 9, 444; Liv. 25, 26; Plin. 10, 3, 3, § 8.—As subst.: exănĭma, ōrum, n., lifeless things, Lact. 2, 2, 17; id. Epit. 25, 15.—

Transf., half dead with fear, terrified, dismayed (very rare;

only in form exanimis): audiit exanimis,

Verg. A. 4, 672; cf. Hor. S. 1, 1, 76; 2, 6, 114; Liv. 1, 25, 6.

fămĭlĭa, ae (with pater, mater, filius, and filia, the class. gen. sing. is usually in the archaic form familias; familiae also occurs, v. infra; gen.:

familiai,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 203; with the plur. of these words both the sing. and plur. of familia are used:

patres familias, etc.,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 15, 43; id. Verr. 2, 3, 51, § 120 al.:

patres familiarum,

Cic. Att. 7, 14, 2; Sall. C. 43, 2; 51, 9, v. infra II. A. b.—On the form patribus familiis for familiae, patrum familiarum, etc., Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 79, § 183; id. Rosc. Am. 16, 48, v. Neue, Formenl. 1, p. 7), f. [famulus], the slaves in a household, a household establishment, family servants, domestics (not = family, i. e. wife and children, domus, or mei, tui, sui, etc., but v. II. A. 3 infra):

nescio quid male factum a nostra hic familia est... ita senex talos elidi jussit conservis meis,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 11; 17; id. Trin. 2, 1, 28; id. Am. 4, 3, 10:

neque enim dubium est, quin, si ad rem judicandum verbo ducimur, non re, familiam intelligamus, quae constet ex servis pluribus, quin unus homo familia non sit: verbum certe hoc non modo postulat, sed etiam cogit,

Cic. Caecin. 19, 55; cf. Dig. 50, 16, 40, § 3; App. Mag. p. 304:

vilicus familiam exerceat,

Cato, R. R. 5, 2:

familiae male ne sit,

id. ib.:

te familiae interdicere, ut uni dicto audiens esset,

Cic. Rep. 1, 39:

qui emeret eam familiam a Catone,

id. Q. Fr. 2, 6, 5:

cum insimularetur familia societatis ejus,

id. Brut. 22, 85:

conjugum et liberorum et familiarum suarum causa,

id. N. D. 2, 63, 157:

Petreius armat familiam,

Caes. B. C. 1, 75, 2: alienae se familiae venali immiscuisse, Quint. 7, 2, 26:

Aesopus domino solus cum esset familia,

formed the entire establishment, Phaedr. 3, 19, 1.—Of the serfs belonging to a temple:

illi Larini in Martis familia numerantur,

Cic. Clu. 15, 43; cf. of the serfs, vassals of Orgetorix:

die constituta causae dictionis Orgetorix ad judicium omnem suam familiam, ad hominum milia decem undique coëgit,

Caes. B. G. 1, 4, 2.

Transf.

With the idea of house predominating.

In gen., a house and all belonging to it, a family estate, family property, fortune: familiae appellatio varie accepta est: nam et in res et in personas deducitur;

in res, ut puta in lege XII. tab. his verbis: AGNATVS PROXIMVS FAMILIAM HABETO,

Dig. 50, 16, 195; so,

SI AGNATVS NEC ESCIT, GENTILIS FAMILIAM NANCITOR, Fragm. XII. Tab. in Collat. Legg. Mosaic. et Roman. tit. 16, § 4 (cf. agnatus): idcirco qui, quibus verbis erctum cieri oporteat, nesciat, idem erciscundae familiae causam agere non possit,

Cic. de Or. 1, 56, 237; so,

arbitrum familiae erciscundae postulavit,

id. Caecin. 7, 19; cf.:

familiae erciscundae,

Dig. 10, tit. 2:

decem dierum vix mihi est familia,

means of support, Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 36 Ruhnk.—

Paterfamilias, materfamilias, etc., or paterfamiliae, materfamiliae, filiusfamilias, etc. (also written separately: pater familiae, mater familiae, etc.), the master of a house in respect to ownership, the proprietor of an estate, head of a family; the mistress of a house, matron; a son or daughter under the father's power, a minor: paterfamilias appellatur, qui in domo dominium habet, recteque hoc nomine appellatur, quamvis filium non habeat;

non enim solam personam ejus, sed et jus demonstramus. Denique et pupillum patremfamilias appellamus,

Dig. 50, 16, 195; cf. Sandars ad Just. Inst. 1, 8 prooem.—

Form familias:

paterfamilias ubi ad villam venit,

Cato, R. R. 2, 1:

paterfamilias,

Cic. Quint. 3, 11; id. Fragm. ap. Non. 497, 19 (Rep. 5, 3 ed. Mos.); Sen. Ben. 4, 27 fin.; Nep. Att. 4; 13 al.; cf., in gen., of a plain, ordinary citizen:

sicut unus paterfamilias his de rebus loquor,

id. de Or. 1, 29, 132; 1, 34, 159.—In plur.:

patresfamilias, qui liberos habent, etc.,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 15, 43; 16, 48; id. Verr. 2, 3, 79, § 183 al.:

(Demaratus) cum de matrefamilias Tarquiniensi duo filios procreavisset,

Cic. Rep. 2, 19:

materfamilias,

id. Cael. 13, 32: id. Top. 3, 14; Dig. 50, 16, 46 al.—In plur.:

uxoris duae formae: una matrumfamilias, etc.,

Cic. Top. 3, 14; id. Fam. 5, 10, 1; id. Verr. 2, 1, 24, § 62 al.—

In an inverted order: familias matres,

Arn. 4, 152:

illum filium familias patre parco ac tenaci habere tuis copiis devinctum non potes,

Cic. Cael. 15, 36:

filiusfamilias,

Dig. 14, 6, 1 sq. al.:

tu filiafamilias locupletibus filiis ultro contulisti,

Sen. Cons. ad Helv. 14.—

Form familiae:

ex Amerina disciplina patrisfamiliae rusticani,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 41, 120; so,

pater familiae,

Caes. B. G. 6, 19, 3; Liv. 1, 45, 4; Sen. Ep. 47 med.; Tac. Or. 22 al.: familiae mater, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 258 Müll.—In plur.:

pauci milites patresque familiae,

Caes. B. C. 2, 44, 1; Gracch. ap. Charis. p. 83 P.: Liv. 5, 30 fin.:

matrem familiae tuam purpureum amiculum habere non sines?

Liv. 34, 7, 3:

mater familiae,

id. 39, 53, 3; Tert. Verg. Vel. 11.— In plur.: matresfamiliae, Varr. ap. Charis. p. 83 P.; Caes. B. G. 1, 50, 4; 7, 26, 3; 7, 47, 5; id. B. C. 2, 4, 3.—

In gen. plur.: civium Romanorum quidam sunt patresfamiliarum, alii filiifamiliarum, quaedam matresfamiliarum, quaedam filiaefamiliarum. Patresfamiliarum sunt, qui sunt suae potestatis, sive puberes sive impuberes;

simili modo matresfamiliarum, filii vero et filiaefamiliarum, qui sunt in aliena potestate,

Dig. 1, 6, 4: patresfamiliarum, Sisenn. ap. Varr. L. L. 8, § 73 Müll.; Suet. Calig. 26 fin.:

matresfamiliarum,

Sall. C. 51, 9:

filiifamiliarum,

id. ib. 43, 2; Tac. A. 3, 8; 11, 13:

filiaefamiliarum,

Dig. 14, 6, 9, § 2:

patrumfamiliarum,

ib. 50, 16, 195.—

In respect to relationship, a family, as part of a gens:

addere nostrae lepidam famam familiae,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 98:

sororem despondere in fortem familiam,

id. ib. 5, 2, 9: item appellatur familia plurium personarum, quae ab ejusdem ultimi genitoris sanguine proficiscuntur, sicuti dicimus familiam Juliam. Mulier autem familiae [p. 724] suae et caput et finis est, Dig. 50, 16, 195 fin.:

qua in familia laus aliqua forte floruerit, hanc fere, qui sunt ejusdem stirpis, cupidissime persequuntur,

Cic. Rab. Post. 1, 2: EX EA FAMILIA... IN EAM FAMILIAM, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Dig. 50, 16, 195:

commune dedecus familiae, cognationis, nominis,

Cic. Clu. 6, 16:

Laeliorum et Muciorum familiae,

id. Brut. 72, 252; id. Off. 2, 12 fin.:

nobilissima in familia natus,

id. Rep. 1, 19:

ex familia vetere et illustri,

id. Mur. 8, 17:

primus in eam familiam attulit consulatum,

id. Phil. 9, 2, 4:

hospes familiae vestrae,

id. Lael. 11, 37:

Sulla gentis patriciae nobilis fuit, familia prope jam exstincta majorum ignavia,

Sall. J. 95, 3 et saep.—

Transf.:

libros, qui falso viderentur inscripti, tamquam subditicios, summovere familiā, permiserunt sibi,

Quint. 1, 4, 3.—

In gen., a family, the members of a household, = domus (rare):

salutem dicit Toxilo Timarchides et familiae omni,

Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 32:

si haec non nubat, fame familia pereat,

id. Cist. 1, 1, 46:

ne pateretur Philippi domus et familiae inimicissimos stirpem interimere,

Nep. Eum. 6, 3.—

A company, sect, school, troop (rare but class.):

cum universi in te impetum fecissent, tum singulae familiae litem tibi intenderent,

Cic. de Or. 1, 10 42:

familia tota Peripateticorum,

id. Div. 2, 1, 3; cf.:

Aristoteles, Xenocrates, tota illa familia,

id. Fin. 4, 18, 49:

familiae dissentientes inter se,

id. de Or. 3, 16, 21:

familia gladiatorum... familia Fausti,

id. Sull. 19, 54:

lanistarum,

Suet. Aug. 42: tironum, a company of young soldiers, Cod. Th. 10, 1; Amm. 20, 4 med.—A troop or company of players, Plaut. Men. prol. 74.—

Ducere familiam, in gen., to lead a company, i. e. to be at the head, be the first:

Lucius quidem, frater ejus, familiam ducit,

Cic. Phil. 5, 11, 30; cf.:

accedit etiam, quod familiam ducit in jure civili, singularis memoria summa scientia,

id. Fam. 7, 5, 3:

gravissima illa vestra sententia, quae familiam ducit,

id. Fin. 4, 16, 45.

fētus ( foet-), a, um, adj. [Part., from ‡ FEO, whence also: fecundus, femina, fenus, felix], that is or was filled with young (syn.: gravidus, praegnans).

Pregnant, breeding (mostly poet.).

Lit.:

lenta salix feto pecori,

Verg. E. 3, 83; 1, 50:

vulpes,

Hor. C. 3, 27, 5.—

Transf.

Of land, fruitful, productive:

(terra) feta parit nitidas fruges, etc.,

Lucr. 2, 994; cf.: terra feta frugibus et vario leguminum genere, * Cic. N. D. 2, 62, 156:

loca palustribus ulvis,

Ov. M. 14, 103:

regio nec pomo nec uvis,

id. P. 1, 7, 13; id. F. 1, 662.—Also of plants:

palmites,

Col. 3, 21, 3.—

In gen., filled with any thing, full:

machina armis,

Verg. A. 2, 238:

loca furentibus austris,

id. ib. 1, 51:

colla serpentis veneno,

Sil. 17, 448.—

Trop., full of. —With abl.:

feta furore Megaera,

Sil. 13, 592:

praecordia bello,

id. 17, 380:

praecordia irā,

id. 11, 203. —With gen.:

fetas novales Martis,

Claud. Bell. Get. 25;

and in a Gr. construction: fetus Gradivo mentem,

id. 10, 14.—

That has brought forth, newly delivered: veniebant fetam amicae gratulatum, Varr. ap. Non. 312, 12:

agiles et fetae (opp. tardiores et gravidae),

Col. 7, 3 fin.:

ursa,

Ov. M. 13, 803:

lupa,

Verg. A. 8, 630:

ovis,

id. E. 1, 50; Ov. F. 2, 413:

qua feta jacebat uxor et infantes ludebant,

Juv. 14, 167.— Absol.:

insueta gravis temptabunt pabula fetas,

Verg. E. 1, 49.

fētus ( foet-), ūs ( heteroclit. abl. plur.: fetis, Att. ap. Non. 489, 6, v. in the foll.), m. [‡ feo, v. the preced. art.]..

Abstr., a bringing forth, bearing, dropping, hatching of young (rare but class.):

pater (Juppiter) curavit, uno ut fetu fieret,

at one birth, Plaut. Am. 1, 2, 25:

quarum (bestiarum) in fetu et in educatione laborem cum cernimus,

Cic. Fin. 3, 19, 63:

cornix inauspicatissima fetus tempore,

Plin. 10, 12, 14, § 30:

secundi fetus pecudes signari oportet,

Col. 11, 2, 38.—

Transf., of plants, a bearing, producing:

quae frugibus atque bacis terrae fetu profunduntur,

Cic. Leg. 1, 8, 25:

periti rerum adseverant, non ferre (Arabiam) tantum annuo fetu (casiae), quantum, etc.,

Plin. 12, 18, 41, § 83. —

Concr., young, offspring, progeny, brood (the predom. signif. of the word, in sing. and plur.; esp. freq. in poets; cf.:

catulus, pullus, hinnus, hinnuleus): quae (bestiae) multiplices fetus procreant, ut sues, ut canes, his mammarum data est multitudo,

Cic. N. D. 2, 51, 128:

facile illa (piscium ova) aqua et sustinentur et fetum fundunt,

id. ib.:

fetus ventri exsecti,

Plin. 8, 55, 81, § 217:

cervae lactens fetus,

a fawn, Ov. M. 6, 637:

melliferarum apium,

id. ib. 15, 382:

ex die emptionis, et fetus pecorum et ancillarum partus ad emptorem pertinent,

Paul. Sent. 2, 17, 7:

quis (paveat), Germania quos horrida parturit Fetus?

the German brood, Hor. C. 4, 5, 27.—So very rarely of human beings:

si vitium factum esset, ut (mulier) concipere fetus non posset,

Gell. 4, 2, 10.—

Transf., of plants, fruit, produce:

ager novatus et iteratus, quo meliores fetus possit et grandiores edere,

Cic. de Or. 2, 30, 131; cf.:

nutriant fetus et aquae salubres Et Jovis aurae,

Hor. Carm. Sec. 31:

(arbores) crescunt ipsae fetuque gravantur,

Lucr. 1, 253; cf. id. 1, 351: Cithaeron frondet viridantibus fetis, Att. ap. Non. 489, 6:

arborei,

Verg. G. 1, 55:

mutatis requiescunt fetibus arva,

id. ib. 1, 82;

4, 231: silvae dant alios aliae fetus,

id. ib. 2, 442:

triticei,

Ov. F. 1, 693: gravidi ( of grapes), id. M. 8, 294:

nucis, i. e. surculus, auricomi,

the golden-bough, id. Am. 6, 141; Verg. G. 2, 69:

omnis fetus repressus exustusque flos,

Cic. Brut. 4, 16.—Of veins of metals:

atros fetus chalybis,

Sil. 1, 230.—

Trop.:

nec ulla aetate uberior oratorum fetus fuit,

progeny, growth, Cic. Brut. 49, 182:

animi,

production, id. Tusc. 5, 24, 68:

dulces Musarum expromere fetus,

Cat. 65, 3.

formīdo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. and n. [v. 2. formido], to fear, dread any thing; to be afraid, terrified, frightened (class.; syn.: metuo, timeo, vereor, trepido, tremo, paveo).

With acc.:

illum,

Plaut. Capt. 4, 4, 5:

et illud paveo et hoc formido,

id. Cist. 2, 1, 58:

malum (shortly after: metuo malum),

id. Am. prol. 27:

ipse se cruciat omniaque formidat,

Cic. Fin. 2, 16, 53:

illius iracundiam formidant,

id. Att. 8, 16, 2: apoteugma formido et timeo, ne, etc., id. Q. Fr. 3, 2, 2:

cum formidet te mulier,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 65:

fures,

id. ib. 1, 1, 77:

acumen judicis,

id. A. P. 364:

nocturnos tepores,

id. Ep. 1, 18, 93. —In pass.:

hic classe formidatus,

Hor. C. 3, 6, 15:

formidata Parthis Roma,

id. Ep. 2, 1, 256:

nautis formidatus Apollo (i. e. the temple of Apollo on the Leucadian promontory),

Verg. A. 3, 275; cf.:

nec formidatis auxiliatur aquis,

i. e. the hydrophobia, Ov. P. 1, 3, 24:

quo etiam satietas formidanda est magis,

Cic. Or. 63, 213.—

With inf.:

si isti formidas credere,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 82; cf.:

ad haec ego naribus uti Formido,

Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 46:

meus formidat animus, nostrum tam diu ibi sedere filium,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 4.—

With ut or ne:

aliquem non formido, ut, etc.,

Vop. Tac. 2, § 2:

formido miser, ne, etc.,

Plaut. As. 2, 4, 55.—

With dat.: auro formidat Euclio: abstrudit foris, fears for the gold, Plaut. Aul. argum. 6.—

With si:

male formido, si hera mea sciat tam socordem esse quam sum,

Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 4.—

Absol.:

intus paveo et foris formido,

Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 20:

ne formida,

id. Mil. 4, 2, 20; id. As. 2, 4, 56; 3, 3, 48; id. Mil. 3, 3, 20: neque prius desinam formidare, quam tetigisse te Italiam audiero, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 10, 1.

formīdo, ĭnis, f. [Sanscr. root dhar-, whence firmus; prop. the fear that makes rigid, Corss. Ausspr. 1, 148], fearfulness, fear, terror, dread (class.).

Lit.:

parasitus, qui me conplevit flagiti et formidinis,

Plaut. Men. 5, 5, 3: popolo formidinem inicere, Furius ap. Macr. S. 3, 9, 8:

Stoici definiunt formidinem metum permanentem,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 8 fin.:

ut aliqua in vita formido improbis esset posita, apud inferos antiqui supplicia constituta esse voluerunt,

id. Cat. 4, 4, 8:

quae tanta formido,

id. Rosc. Am. 2, 5:

neque miser me commovere possum prae formidine,

Plaut. Am. 1. 1, 181:

subita atque improvisa,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 18, 43:

formidinem suam alicui inicere,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 28, § 68:

formidinem inferre,

Tac. H. 2, 15:

intendere,

id. ib. 2, 54:

facere,

id. ib. 3, 10:

mortis,

Cic. Rep. 1, 3; Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 207:

poenae,

id. ib. 1, 16, 53:

fustis,

id. ib. 2, 1, 154.—In plur.:

pericula intendantur, formidines opponantur,

Cic. Quint. 14, 47:

ex ignoratione rerum ipsa horribiles exsistunt formidines,

id. Fin. 1, 19, 63:

contra formidines pavoresque,

Plin. 28, 8, 29, § 115.—

In partic., awe, reverence:

(portae) religione sacrae et saevi formidine Martis,

Verg. A. 7, 608; Sil. 1, 83.—

Transf., concr., that which produces fear, a frightful thing, a fright, horror.

In gen.:

alta ostia Ditis Et caligantem nigrā formidine lucum Ingressus,

Verg. G. 4, 468; Front. de Fer. Als. 3:

defensoribus moenium praemia modo, modo formidinem ostentare,

Sall. J. 23, 1; 66, 1.—

In partic., a scarecrow made of differentcolored feathers, a bugbear: cum maximos ferarum greges linea pennis distincta contineat et in insidias agat, ab ipso effectu dicta formido, Sen. de 1ra, 2, 12 (cf. Nemes. Cyneg. 303 sq.):

cervum puniceae septum formidine pennae,

Verg. A. 12, 750; cf. Luc. 4, 437:

furum aviumque Maxima formido,

Hor. S. 1, 8, 4.—Personified, as a goddess, Hyg. Fab. prooem. p. 10 Munk.

frămĕa, ae, f. [an old Germ. word].

A spear, javelin, used by the ancient Germans:

hastas vel ipsorum vocabulo frameas gerunt angusto et brevi ferro, sed ita acri et ad usum habili, ut eodem telo, proüt ratio poscit, vel comminus vel eminus pugnent,

Tac. G. 6; 11; 14; 18; 24; Gell. 10, 25, 2:

Martis,

Juv. 13, 79.—

In late Lat., a sword, Aug. Ep. 120, 16; Vulg. Psa. 16, 13.

fŭgĭo, fūgi, fŭgĭtum ( gen. plur. part. sync. fugientum, Hor. C. 3, 18, 1; part. fut. fugiturus, Ov. H. 2, 47 al.), 3, v. n. and a. [root FUG; Gr. PHUG, pheugô; Sanscr. bhuj; syn.: flecto, curvo; v. fuga], to flee or fly, to take flight, run away.

Lit.:

propera igitur fugere hinc, si te di amant,

Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 78; cf.:

a foro,

id. Pers. 3, 3, 31:

senex exit foras: ego fugio,

I am off, Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 47:

cervam videre fugere, sectari canes,

id. Phorm. prol. 7:

qui fugisse cum magna pecunia dicitur ac se contulisse Tarquinios,

Cic. Rep. 2, 19:

Aeneas fugiens a Troja,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 33, § 72:

omnes hostes terga verterunt, nec prius fugere destiterunt, quam ad flumen Rhenum pervenerint,

Caes. B. G. 1, 53, 1:

oppido fugit,

id. B. C. 3, 29, 1:

ex ipsa caede,

to flee, escape, id. B. G. 7, 38, 3; cf.:

ex proelio Mutinensi,

Cic. Fam. 10, 14, 1:

e conspectu,

Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 107: Uticam, Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 13: fenum habet in cornu;

longe fuge,

id. S. 1, 4, 34: nec furtum feci nec fugi, run away (of slaves), id. Ep. 1, 16, 46; cf.:

formidare servos, Ne te compilent fugientes,

id. S. 1, 1, 78; Sen. Tranq. 8.—

Prov.: ita fugias ne praeter casam,

i. e. in fleeing from one danger beware of falling into another, Ter. Phorm. 5, 2, 3 Ruhnk. —

In partic., like the Gr. pheugein, to become a fugitive, leave one's country, go into exile:

fugiendum de civitate, cedendum bonis aut omnia perferenda,

Quint. 6, 1, 19; so,

ex patria,

Nep. Att. 4, 4:

a patria,

Ov. Tr. 1, 5, 66:

in exilium,

Juv. 10, 160; cf. under II. A. b.—

Transf., in gen., to pass quickly, to speed, to hasten away, flee away; cf.:

numquam Vergilius diem dicit ire, sed fugere, quod currendi genus concitatissimum est,

Sen. Ep. 108 med. (mostly poet. and of inanim. and abstr. things):

tenuis fugiens per gramina rivus,

Verg. G. 4, 19:

Tantalus a labris sitiens fugientia captat Flumina,

Hor. S. 1, 1, 68:

concidunt venti fugiuntque nubes,

id. C. 1, 12, 30:

spernit humum fugiente pennā,

hasting away, rapidly soaring, id. ib. 3, 2, 24:

nullum sine vulnere fugit Missile,

Stat. Th. 9, 770:

insequitur fugientem lumine pinum (i. e. navem),

Ov. M. 11, 469:

fugere ad puppim colles campique videntur,

Lucr. 4, 389:

fugiunt freno non remorante dies,

Ov. F. 6, 772:

sed fugit interea, fugit irreparabile tempus,

Verg. G. 3, 284:

annus,

Hor. S. 2, 6, 40:

hora,

id. C. 3, 29, 48:

aetas,

id. ib. 1, 11, 7.—Of persons:

evolat ante omnes rapidoque per aëra cursu Callaicus Lampon fugit,

hastens away, Sil. 16, 335. Here perh. belongs: acer Gelonus, Cum fugit in Rhodopen atque in deserta Getarum, i. e. swiftly roves (as a nomade), Verg. G. 3, 462 (acc. to another explan., flees, driven from his abode).—

Pregn., to vanish, disappear, to pass away, perish:

e pratis cana pruina fugit,

Ov. F. 6, 730:

fugiunt de corpore setae,

id. M. 1, 739; cf.:

jam fessae tandem fugiunt de corpore vires,

Verg. Cir. 447;

for which: calidusque e corpore sanguis Inducto pallore fugit,

Ov. M. 14, 755:

fugerat ore color,

id. H. 11, 27:

nisi causa morbi Fugerit venis,

Hor. C. 2, 2, 15:

fugiunt cum sanguine vires,

Ov. M. 7, 859:

amor,

Prop. 1, 12, 12:

memoriane fugerit in annalibus digerendis, an, etc.,

Liv. 9, 44, 4:

gratissima sunt poma, cum fugiunt,

i. e. when they wilt, become wilted, Sen. Ep. 12; cf.: vinum fugiens, under P. a.—

Trop. (rare but class.):

nos naturam sequamur, et ab omni, quod abhorret ab oculorum auriumque approbatione, fugiamus,

Cic. Off. 1, 35, 128; cf.: omne animal appetit quaedam et fugit a quibusdam;

quod autem refugit, id contra naturam est, etc.,

id. N. D. 3, 13, 33; Quint. 11, 1, 54:

ad verba,

to have recourse to, Petr. 132.

Act., to flee from, seek to avoid; to avoid, shun any thing.

Lit. (mostly poet.): erravi, post cognovi, et fugio cognitum, Enn. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 24, 38 (Trag. v. 160 Vahl.):

cum Domitius concilia conventusque hominum fugeret,

Caes. B. C. 1, 19, 2:

neminem neque populum neque privatum fugio,

Liv. 9, 1, 7:

vesanum fugiunt poëtam qui sapiunt,

Hor. A. P. 455:

percontatorem,

id. Ep. 1, 18, 69:

hostem,

id. S. 1, 3, 10:

lupus me fugit inermem,

id. C. 1, 22, 12:

nunc et ovis ultro fugiat lupus,

Verg. E. 8, 52:

(Peleus) Hippolyten dum fugit abstinens,

Hor. C. 3, 7, 18:

scriptorum chorus omnis amat nemus et fugit urbes,

id. Ep. 2, 77; id. S. 1, 6, 126:

data pocula,

Ov. M. 14, 287; cf.

vina,

id. ib. 15, 323.— Pass.:

sic litora vento Incipiente fremunt, fugitur cum portus,

i. e. is left, Stat. Th. 7, 140. —

In partic. (cf. supra, I. A. b.), to leave one's country:

nos patriam fugimus,

Verg. E. 1, 4:

Teucer Salamina patremque cum fugeret,

Hor. C. 1, 7, 22.—Hence:

quis exsul Se quoque fugit?

Hor. C. 2, 16, 20.—

Transf. (causa pro effectu), to flee away from, to escape, = effugio ( poet.;

but cf. infra, B. 2.): hac Quirinus Martis equis Acheronta fugit,

Hor. C. 3, 3, 16:

insidiatorem,

id. S. 2, 5, 25:

cuncta manus avidas fugient heredis,

id. C. 4, 7, 19.—And in a poetically inverted mode of expression: nullum Saeva caput Proserpina fugit (= nemo tam gravis est, ad quem mors non accedat), none does cruel Proserpine flee away from, avoid (i. e. none escapes death), Hor. C. 1, 28, 20.—

Trop., to flee from, avoid, shun (very freq. and class.):

conspectum multitudinis,

Caes. B. G. 7, 30, 1:

ignominiam ac dedecus,

Cic. Rep. 5, 4:

nullam molestiam,

id. ib. 3, 5; cf.

laborem,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 114; Verg. A. 3, 459 (opp. ferre):

recordationes,

Cic. Att. 12, 18:

vituperationem tarditatis,

id. de Or. 2, 24, 101; cf.:

majoris opprobria culpae,

Hor. Ep. 1, 9, 10:

judicium senatus,

Liv. 8, 33, 8:

vitium,

Quint. 2, 15, 16:

hanc voluptatem (with reformidare),

id. 8, 5, 32:

disciplinas omnes (Epicurus),

id. 2, 17, 15:

nuptias,

Ter. And. 4, 4, 27; cf.:

usum conjugis,

Ov. M. 10, 565:

conubia,

id. ib. 14, 69:

amplexus senis,

Tib. 1, 9, 74:

nec sequar aut fugiam, quae diligit ipse vel odit,

Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 72:

spondeum et dactylum (opp. sequi),

Quint. 9, 4, 87.— Pass.:

simili inscitiā mors fugitur, quasi dissolutio naturae,

Cic. Leg. 1, 11, 31:

quemadmodum ratione in vivendo fugitur invidia, sic, etc.,

Auct. Her. 4, 38, 50:

quod si curam fugimus, virtus fugienda est,

Cic. Lael. 13, 47:

fugiendas esse nimias amicitias,

id. ib. 13, 45:

fugienda semper injuria est,

id. Off. 1, 8, 25; id. Verr. 2, 3, 43, § 103:

vitiosum genus fugiendum,

id. Or. 56, 189; cf. Quint. 11, 3, 128:

petenda ac fugienda,

id. 3, 6, 49.—

Like the Gr. pheugein, with inf. (mostly poet.), to avoid doing something, to omit, forbear, beware, = omittere, cavere:

illud in his rebus longe fuge credere, etc.,

Lucr. 1, 1052:

o fuge te tenerae puerorum credere turbae,

Tib. 1, 4, 9:

quid sit futurum cras, fuge quaerere,

Hor. C. 1, 9, 13; cf.

also: fuge suspicari, etc.,

id. ib. 2, 4, 22:

mene igitur socium summis adjungere rebus, Nise, fugis?

Verg. A. 9, 200; cf. Ov. H. 9, 75:

fugeres radice vel herbā Proficiente nihil curarier,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 150; cf.:

neque illud fugerim dicere, ut Caelius, etc.,

Cic. de Or. 3, 38, 153:

huic donis patris triumphum decorare fugiendum fuit?

id. Mur. 5, 11.—

Transf. (causa pro effectu; cf. supra, II. A. 2.), to escape ( poet. also of things as subjects):

tanta est animi tenuitas, ut fugiat aciem,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 22, 50; Ov. F. 2, 80:

sed tamen admiror, quo pacto judicium illud Fugerit,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 100:

quos viros vigilantia fugit,

whom any vigilance escapes, Verg. G. 2, 265; cf. id. E. 9, 54.—

Esp. freq., res me fugit, it escapes me, escapes my notice; I do not observe it, do not know it (cf.:

latet, praeterit): novus ille populus vidit tamen id, quod fugit Lacedaemonium Lycurgum,

Cic. Rep. 2, 12; cf.:

illos id fugerat,

id. Fin. 4, 23, 63:

hominem amentem hoc fugit,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 12, § 27:

quem res nulla fugeret,

id. Rep. 2, 1:

quae (ratio) neque Solonem Atheniensem fugerat, neque nostrum senatum,

id. ib. 2, 34;

1, 16: non fugisset hoc Graecos homines, si, etc.,

id. de Or. 1, 59, 253:

neminem haec utilitas fugit,

Quint. 2, 5, 17:

nisi quae me forte fugiunt, hae sunt fere de animo sententiae,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 11, 22; Quint. 9, 2, 107; 7, 1, 40:

nullam rem esse declarant in usu positam militari, quae hujus viri scientiam fugere possit,

Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 10, 28:

quae (partitio) fugiet memoriam judicis,

Quint. 4, 5, 3; cf. Gell. 1, 18, 6.—With a subject-clause:

de Dionysio, fugit me ad te antea scribere,

Cic. Att. 7, 18, 3; 5, 12, 3:

illud alterum quam sit difficile, te non fugit,

id. ib. 12, 42, 2.—Hence, fŭgĭens, entis, P. a., fleeing, fleeting, vanishing.

Lit.:

accipiter,

Lucr. 3, 752:

membra deficiunt, fugienti languida vitā,

id. 5, 887:

vinum,

growing flat, spoiling, Cic. Off. 3, 23, 91:

ocelli,

dying, Ov. Am. 3, 9, 49:

portus fugiens ad litora,

running back, retreating, Prop. 4 (5), 6, 15.—

Subst. in the later jurid. lang., like the Gr. ho pheugôn, the defendant:

omnimodo hoc et ab actore et a fugiente exigi,

Cod. Just. 2, 58, § 4 (for which, reus, § 7).—

Trop., with gen.:

nemo erat adeo tardus aut fugiens laboris, quin, etc.,

averse to labor, indolent, Caes. B. C. 1, 69, 3:

doloris,

Lact. 3, 8, 13:

solitudinis (with appeteus communionis ac societatis),

id. 6, 10, 18.— Comp., sup., and adv. do not occur.