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121 sensitivity
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122 flight
1) полёт, режим полёта, продолжительность полёта; дальность полёта || лётный, полётный2) рейс4) лестничный марш, пролёт лестницы7) пищ. гонок ( рассева)•to cancel the flight — отменять полёт;to carry out the flight — выполнять полёт;to commence the flight — начинать полёт;to complete the flight — завершать полёт;to decelerate in flight — гасить скорость в полёте;to jeopardize the flight — подвергать полёт опасности;to replan the flight — изменять план полёта;while in flight — во время полёта; в процессе полёта;whilst awaiting in flight — в ожидании ( очередной команды с земли) в полёте;-
accelerated flight
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acceptance flight
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accident-free flight
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advertising flight
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aerial survey flight
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aerial work flight
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aero-tow flight
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altitude flight
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around-the-world flight
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asymmetric flight
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back-to-back flight
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blind flight
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box-pattern flight
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bumpy-air flight
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business flight
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calibration flight
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cancelled flight
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cargo flight
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certification test flight
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charter flight
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checkout flight
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climbing flight
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closed-circuit flight
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coast-to-coast flight
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commercial flight
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contact flight
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controlled flight
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conventional flight
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conveyor flight
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crop control flight
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delayed flight
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delivery flight
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demonstration flight
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direct flight
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directed reference flight
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emergency flight
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endurance flight
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en-route flight
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experimental flight
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familiarization flight
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ferry flight
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formation flight
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fuelless flight
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high altitude flight
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horizontal flight
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hovering flight
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hover flight
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instructional check flight
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instructional dual flight
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instructional solo flight
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instrument flight
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interstellar flight
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laser-powered flight
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level flight
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local flight
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lock flight
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long-term manned space flight
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low-level flight
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manned space flight
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meteorological reconnaissance flight
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non-revenue flight
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nonscheduled flight
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non-stop flight
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non-visual flight
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off-airway flight
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orbital flight
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out-and-return flight
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out-of-trim flight
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pleasure flight
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point-to-point flight
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positioning flight
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practice flight
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production test flight
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record-breaking flight
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return flight
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revenue earning flight
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round-trip flight
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scheduled flight
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shakedown flight
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short-haul flight
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solar-powered flight
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solar flight
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steady flight
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subsonic flight
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supersonic flight
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supervised flight
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taxi-class flight
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test flight
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through flight
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training dual flight
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training flight
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training solo flight
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transit flight
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turn-round flight
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uncontrolled flight
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unscheduled flight
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visual flight
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wings-level flight -
123 Memory
To what extent can we lump together what goes on when you try to recall: (1) your name; (2) how you kick a football; and (3) the present location of your car keys? If we use introspective evidence as a guide, the first seems an immediate automatic response. The second may require constructive internal replay prior to our being able to produce a verbal description. The third... quite likely involves complex operational responses under the control of some general strategy system. Is any unitary search process, with a single set of characteristics and inputoutput relations, likely to cover all these cases? (Reitman, 1970, p. 485)[Semantic memory] Is a mental thesaurus, organized knowledge a person possesses about words and other verbal symbols, their meanings and referents, about relations among them, and about rules, formulas, and algorithms for the manipulation of these symbols, concepts, and relations. Semantic memory does not register perceptible properties of inputs, but rather cognitive referents of input signals. (Tulving, 1972, p. 386)The mnemonic code, far from being fixed and unchangeable, is structured and restructured along with general development. Such a restructuring of the code takes place in close dependence on the schemes of intelligence. The clearest indication of this is the observation of different types of memory organisation in accordance with the age level of a child so that a longer interval of retention without any new presentation, far from causing a deterioration of memory, may actually improve it. (Piaget & Inhelder, 1973, p. 36)4) The Logic of Some Memory Theorization Is of Dubious Worth in the History of PsychologyIf a cue was effective in memory retrieval, then one could infer it was encoded; if a cue was not effective, then it was not encoded. The logic of this theorization is "heads I win, tails you lose" and is of dubious worth in the history of psychology. We might ask how long scientists will puzzle over questions with no answers. (Solso, 1974, p. 28)We have iconic, echoic, active, working, acoustic, articulatory, primary, secondary, episodic, semantic, short-term, intermediate-term, and longterm memories, and these memories contain tags, traces, images, attributes, markers, concepts, cognitive maps, natural-language mediators, kernel sentences, relational rules, nodes, associations, propositions, higher-order memory units, and features. (Eysenck, 1977, p. 4)The problem with the memory metaphor is that storage and retrieval of traces only deals [ sic] with old, previously articulated information. Memory traces can perhaps provide a basis for dealing with the "sameness" of the present experience with previous experiences, but the memory metaphor has no mechanisms for dealing with novel information. (Bransford, McCarrell, Franks & Nitsch, 1977, p. 434)7) The Results of a Hundred Years of the Psychological Study of Memory Are Somewhat DiscouragingThe results of a hundred years of the psychological study of memory are somewhat discouraging. We have established firm empirical generalisations, but most of them are so obvious that every ten-year-old knows them anyway. We have made discoveries, but they are only marginally about memory; in many cases we don't know what to do with them, and wear them out with endless experimental variations. We have an intellectually impressive group of theories, but history offers little confidence that they will provide any meaningful insight into natural behavior. (Neisser, 1978, pp. 12-13)A schema, then is a data structure for representing the generic concepts stored in memory. There are schemata representing our knowledge about all concepts; those underlying objects, situations, events, sequences of events, actions and sequences of actions. A schema contains, as part of its specification, the network of interrelations that is believed to normally hold among the constituents of the concept in question. A schema theory embodies a prototype theory of meaning. That is, inasmuch as a schema underlying a concept stored in memory corresponds to the mean ing of that concept, meanings are encoded in terms of the typical or normal situations or events that instantiate that concept. (Rumelhart, 1980, p. 34)Memory appears to be constrained by a structure, a "syntax," perhaps at quite a low level, but it is free to be variable, deviant, even erratic at a higher level....Like the information system of language, memory can be explained in part by the abstract rules which underlie it, but only in part. The rules provide a basic competence, but they do not fully determine performance. (Campbell, 1982, pp. 228, 229)When people think about the mind, they often liken it to a physical space, with memories and ideas as objects contained within that space. Thus, we speak of ideas being in the dark corners or dim recesses of our minds, and of holding ideas in mind. Ideas may be in the front or back of our minds, or they may be difficult to grasp. With respect to the processes involved in memory, we talk about storing memories, of searching or looking for lost memories, and sometimes of finding them. An examination of common parlance, therefore, suggests that there is general adherence to what might be called the spatial metaphor. The basic assumptions of this metaphor are that memories are treated as objects stored in specific locations within the mind, and the retrieval process involves a search through the mind in order to find specific memories....However, while the spatial metaphor has shown extraordinary longevity, there have been some interesting changes over time in the precise form of analogy used. In particular, technological advances have influenced theoretical conceptualisations.... The original Greek analogies were based on wax tablets and aviaries; these were superseded by analogies involving switchboards, gramophones, tape recorders, libraries, conveyor belts, and underground maps. Most recently, the workings of human memory have been compared to computer functioning... and it has been suggested that the various memory stores found in computers have their counterparts in the human memory system. (Eysenck, 1984, pp. 79-80)Primary memory [as proposed by William James] relates to information that remains in consciousness after it has been perceived, and thus forms part of the psychological present, whereas secondary memory contains information about events that have left consciousness, and are therefore part of the psychological past. (Eysenck, 1984, p. 86)Once psychologists began to study long-term memory per se, they realized it may be divided into two main categories.... Semantic memories have to do with our general knowledge about the working of the world. We know what cars do, what stoves do, what the laws of gravity are, and so on. Episodic memories are largely events that took place at a time and place in our personal history. Remembering specific events about our own actions, about our family, and about our individual past falls into this category. With amnesia or in aging, what dims... is our personal episodic memories, save for those that are especially dear or painful to us. Our knowledge of how the world works remains pretty much intact. (Gazzaniga, 1988, p. 42)The nature of memory... provides a natural starting point for an analysis of thinking. Memory is the repository of many of the beliefs and representations that enter into thinking, and the retrievability of these representations can limit the quality of our thought. (Smith, 1990, p. 1)Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Memory
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124 полет
муж. flight, flying вид с птичьего полета ≈ bird's eye view дальность полета снаряда ≈ range of a missile полет вокруг света ≈ round-the-world flight полет в самолете ≈ flip разг. горизонтальный полет ≈ level авиац. трасса полета ≈ lane космический полет ≈ space flight высотный полет ≈ altitude flight высота полета ≈ cruising altitude демонстрационные полеты ≈ air show бреющий полет ≈ low-level flight, hedge-hopping flight слепой полет ≈ blind flying полет фантазии ≈ flight of fancy высокого полета (птица) ≈ person of exalted rank, member of the upper ten испытательный полет ≈ test-flight фигурный полет ≈ acrobatic flight управление полетом ≈ flight controlflight -
125 test
1) (см. тж. test program) - тест, тестовая программапрограмма или пакет программ (набор тестовых примеров, test case) для обнаружения неисправности или ошибки в системе либо для оценки производительностисм. тж. benchmark testing, diagnostic test, inconclusive test, leap-frog test, low level test case, nondestructive test, regression testing, test approach, test automation, testbed, test case, test charter, test closure, test comparator, test condition, test control, test coverage, test cycle, test data, test design, test driver, test environment, tester, test estimation, test execution, test harness, test implementation, test infrastructure, testing, test input, test item, test level, test log, test management, test message, test monitoring, test object, test objective, test oracle, test pattern, test phase, test plan, test point, test policy, test post, test probe, test process, test promotion, test report, test reproducibility, test run, test sample, test schedule, test script, test session, test specification, test stage, test strategy, test suite, test target, test tool, test trolley, test type, test vector, testware, torture test2) тестирование, проверка, контроль, испытание3) критерий (например, некоторой проверки)5) глаг. тестировать, проверять [на тестах], испытывать6) прил. тестовый (например, режим); испытательный, пробный, контрольный, проверочныйАнгло-русский толковый словарь терминов и сокращений по ВТ, Интернету и программированию. > test
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126 mission
1. задача; задание2. полет, вылет < на задание>,см. тж. flight3. операцияaeroscout missionAEW missionair combat missionair defense missionair superiority missionair-to-air missionair-to-air combat missionairborne early warning missionairborne fire missionairlift missionall-fighter missionall-supersonic missionall-weather missionsantihelicopter missionantishipping missionantismuggling missionantitank missionassault airlift missionBAI missionbattlefield air interdiction missionCAS missionclose air support missioncommunications missioncounter-air missiondash-out missiondeck-launched intercept missiondesign missionDLI missiondrug interdiction missionelectronic surveillance missionelectronic warfare missionFAC missionfishery protection missionfixed-wing missionfleet air defense missionforward air control missionfuel sizing missionground support missionhigh-altitude missionhigh-task-loaded missionlong range missionlong-endurance missionlow-altitude missionlow-level missionmaneuver missionmaritime missionmedevac missionmining warfare missionmultipilot missionnap-of-the-earth missionnight missionno-pilot missionnocturnal missionnuclear strike missionone-pilot missionoperational missionoverland missionoverload missionpatrol missionpenetration missionpractice missionpreplanned missionrefuelling missionrotary-wing missionSAR missionscientific missionshoot-and-penetrate missionshort range missionshort-notice missionshuttle missionsignal intelligence missionsimulator missionSky-hook missionstorm reconnaissance missionstrategic air defense missionstrike missionsub-hunting missionsupport missionsupport airlift missionsurveillance missiontactical missiontanking missionterrain-following missiontraining missiontransport missiontwo-pilot missionunder-the-weather mission -
127 accelerometer
акселерометр, указатель [измеритель, датчик] ускорений [перегрузок]; ньютономерEnglsh-Russian aviation and space dictionary > accelerometer
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128 airway
airway nвоздушная трассаairway beaconтрассовый маякairway climatic dataметеосводка по трассе полетаairway designatorуказатель воздушной трассыairway fixпункт трассы полетаairway forecastпрогноз по авиатрассеairway informationинформация по воздушной трассеairway lightingсветосигнальное оборудование авиалинииairway lightsогни на трассе полетаairway markingмаркировка авиалинииairways and air communications serviceслужба воздушных сообщенийairways controlуправление воздушным движением на трассе полетаairways facilitiesоборудование воздушных трассairways flyingполеты по воздушным трассамairway strip mapмаршрутная картаairway surveillance radarобзорный трассовый радиолокаторairway systemсеть авиалинийairway trafficдвижение на авиационной трассеairway weatherметеоусловия на авиалинииairway weather reportсводка погоды для авиалинииbranch airwayвспомогательная авиалинияbypass airwayобходная авиалинияcross the airwayпересекать авиатрассуenter the airwayвыходить на авиатрассуhigh-level airwayавиатрасса верхнего воздушного пространстваlow-level airwayавиатрасса нижнего воздушного пространства
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