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  • 21 vertragliche Großabfindungen für Manager

    vertragliche Großabfindungen für Manager
    golden parachutes;
    • Großabfindungenabnahme industrial consumption, quantity (heavy) buying;
    • Großabfindungenabnehmer bulk (heavy, quantity) buyer, large user, large[-scale] customer, outlet;
    • Großabfindungenabschluss large contract;
    • Großabfindungenaktionär principal (controlling, major) shareholder (stockholder, US);
    • freundliche Großabfindungenaktionäre white knights;
    • industrielle Großabfindungenanlagen large-scale industrial units;
    • Großabfindungenanleger big investor;
    • Großabfindungenanzeige display advertising;
    • Großabfindungenaufkauf engrossing;
    • Großabfindungenauftrag large (tall, volume, major) order, (Börse) big ticket order;
    • umfangreiche Großabfindungenaufträge heavy orders;
    • Großabfindungenbank big bank (banking house);
    • Großabfindungenbankwesen large-scale (group, US) banking;
    • Großabfindungenbauer large farmer;
    • Großabfindungenbaustelle large building site;
    • Großabfindungenbehälter verladen to handle containers;
    • Großabfindungenbetrag-Scheckeinzugsverfahren (GSE) large-value cheque collection procedure.

    Business german-english dictionary > vertragliche Großabfindungen für Manager

  • 22 near cash

    !
    гос. фин. The resource budget contains a separate control total for “near cash” expenditure, that is expenditure such as pay and current grants which impacts directly on the measure of the golden rule.
    This paper provides background information on the framework for the planning and control of public expenditure in the UK which has been operated since the 1998 Comprehensive Spending Review (CSR). It sets out the different classifications of spending for budgeting purposes and why these distinctions have been adopted. It discusses how the public expenditure framework is designed to ensure both sound public finances and an outcome-focused approach to public expenditure.
    The UK's public spending framework is based on several key principles:
    "
    consistency with a long-term, prudent and transparent regime for managing the public finances as a whole;
    " "
    the judgement of success by policy outcomes rather than resource inputs;
    " "
    strong incentives for departments and their partners in service delivery to plan over several years and plan together where appropriate so as to deliver better public services with greater cost effectiveness; and
    "
    the proper costing and management of capital assets to provide the right incentives for public investment.
    The Government sets policy to meet two firm fiscal rules:
    "
    the Golden Rule states that over the economic cycle, the Government will borrow only to invest and not to fund current spending; and
    "
    the Sustainable Investment Rule states that net public debt as a proportion of GDP will be held over the economic cycle at a stable and prudent level. Other things being equal, net debt will be maintained below 40 per cent of GDP over the economic cycle.
    Achievement of the fiscal rules is assessed by reference to the national accounts, which are produced by the Office for National Statistics, acting as an independent agency. The Government sets its spending envelope to comply with these fiscal rules.
    Departmental Expenditure Limits ( DEL) and Annually Managed Expenditure (AME)
    "
    Departmental Expenditure Limit ( DEL) spending, which is planned and controlled on a three year basis in Spending Reviews; and
    "
    Annually Managed Expenditure ( AME), which is expenditure which cannot reasonably be subject to firm, multi-year limits in the same way as DEL. AME includes social security benefits, local authority self-financed expenditure, debt interest, and payments to EU institutions.
    More information about DEL and AME is set out below.
    In Spending Reviews, firm DEL plans are set for departments for three years. To ensure consistency with the Government's fiscal rules departments are set separate resource (current) and capital budgets. The resource budget contains a separate control total for “near cash” expenditure, that is expenditure such as pay and current grants which impacts directly on the measure of the golden rule.
    To encourage departments to plan over the medium term departments may carry forward unspent DEL provision from one year into the next and, subject to the normal tests for tautness and realism of plans, may be drawn down in future years. This end-year flexibility also removes any incentive for departments to use up their provision as the year end approaches with less regard to value for money. For the full benefits of this flexibility and of three year plans to feed through into improved public service delivery, end-year flexibility and three year budgets should be cascaded from departments to executive agencies and other budget holders.
    Three year budgets and end-year flexibility give those managing public services the stability to plan their operations on a sensible time scale. Further, the system means that departments cannot seek to bid up funds each year (before 1997, three year plans were set and reviewed in annual Public Expenditure Surveys). So the credibility of medium-term plans has been enhanced at both central and departmental level.
    Departments have certainty over the budgetary allocation over the medium term and these multi-year DEL plans are strictly enforced. Departments are expected to prioritise competing pressures and fund these within their overall annual limits, as set in Spending Reviews. So the DEL system provides a strong incentive to control costs and maximise value for money.
    There is a small centrally held DEL Reserve. Support from the Reserve is available only for genuinely unforeseeable contingencies which departments cannot be expected to manage within their DEL.
    AME typically consists of programmes which are large, volatile and demand-led, and which therefore cannot reasonably be subject to firm multi-year limits. The biggest single element is social security spending. Other items include tax credits, Local Authority Self Financed Expenditure, Scottish Executive spending financed by non-domestic rates, and spending financed from the proceeds of the National Lottery.
    AME is reviewed twice a year as part of the Budget and Pre-Budget Report process reflecting the close integration of the tax and benefit system, which was enhanced by the introduction of tax credits.
    AME is not subject to the same three year expenditure limits as DEL, but is still part of the overall envelope for public expenditure. Affordability is taken into account when policy decisions affecting AME are made. The Government has committed itself not to take policy measures which are likely to have the effect of increasing social security or other elements of AME without taking steps to ensure that the effects of those decisions can be accommodated prudently within the Government's fiscal rules.
    Given an overall envelope for public spending, forecasts of AME affect the level of resources available for DEL spending. Cautious estimates and the AME margin are built in to these AME forecasts and reduce the risk of overspending on AME.
    Together, DEL plus AME sum to Total Managed Expenditure (TME). TME is a measure drawn from national accounts. It represents the current and capital spending of the public sector. The public sector is made up of central government, local government and public corporations.
    Resource and Capital Budgets are set in terms of accruals information. Accruals information measures resources as they are consumed rather than when the cash is paid. So for example the Resource Budget includes a charge for depreciation, a measure of the consumption or wearing out of capital assets.
    "
    Non cash charges in budgets do not impact directly on the fiscal framework. That may be because the national accounts use a different way of measuring the same thing, for example in the case of the depreciation of departmental assets. Or it may be that the national accounts measure something different: for example, resource budgets include a cost of capital charge reflecting the opportunity cost of holding capital; the national accounts include debt interest.
    "
    Within the Resource Budget DEL, departments have separate controls on:
    "
    Near cash spending, the sub set of Resource Budgets which impacts directly on the Golden Rule; and
    "
    The amount of their Resource Budget DEL that departments may spend on running themselves (e.g. paying most civil servants’ salaries) is limited by Administration Budgets, which are set in Spending Reviews. Administration Budgets are used to ensure that as much money as practicable is available for front line services and programmes. These budgets also help to drive efficiency improvements in departments’ own activities. Administration Budgets exclude the costs of frontline services delivered directly by departments.
    The Budget preceding a Spending Review sets an overall envelope for public spending that is consistent with the fiscal rules for the period covered by the Spending Review. In the Spending Review, the Budget AME forecast for year one of the Spending Review period is updated, and AME forecasts are made for the later years of the Spending Review period.
    The 1998 Comprehensive Spending Review ( CSR), which was published in July 1998, was a comprehensive review of departmental aims and objectives alongside a zero-based analysis of each spending programme to determine the best way of delivering the Government's objectives. The 1998 CSR allocated substantial additional resources to the Government's key priorities, particularly education and health, for the three year period from 1999-2000 to 2001-02.
    Delivering better public services does not just depend on how much money the Government spends, but also on how well it spends it. Therefore the 1998 CSR introduced Public Service Agreements (PSAs). Each major government department was given its own PSA setting out clear targets for achievements in terms of public service improvements.
    The 1998 CSR also introduced the DEL/ AME framework for the control of public spending, and made other framework changes. Building on the investment and reforms delivered by the 1998 CSR, successive spending reviews in 2000, 2002 and 2004 have:
    "
    provided significant increase in resources for the Government’s priorities, in particular health and education, and cross-cutting themes such as raising productivity; extending opportunity; and building strong and secure communities;
    " "
    enabled the Government significantly to increase investment in public assets and address the legacy of under investment from past decades. Departmental Investment Strategies were introduced in SR2000. As a result there has been a steady increase in public sector net investment from less than ¾ of a per cent of GDP in 1997-98 to 2¼ per cent of GDP in 2005-06, providing better infrastructure across public services;
    " "
    introduced further refinements to the performance management framework. PSA targets have been reduced in number over successive spending reviews from around 300 to 110 to give greater focus to the Government’s highest priorities. The targets have become increasingly outcome-focused to deliver further improvements in key areas of public service delivery across Government. They have also been refined in line with the conclusions of the Devolving Decision Making Review to provide a framework which encourages greater devolution and local flexibility. Technical Notes were introduced in SR2000 explaining how performance against each PSA target will be measured; and
    "
    not only allocated near cash spending to departments, but also – since SR2002 - set Resource DEL plans for non cash spending.
    To identify what further investments and reforms are needed to equip the UK for the global challenges of the decade ahead, on 19 July 2005 the Chief Secretary to the Treasury announced that the Government intends to launch a second Comprehensive Spending Review (CSR) reporting in 2007.
    A decade on from the first CSR, the 2007 CSR will represent a long-term and fundamental review of government expenditure. It will cover departmental allocations for 2008-09, 2009-10 and 2010 11. Allocations for 2007-08 will be held to the agreed figures already announced by the 2004 Spending Review. To provide a rigorous analytical framework for these departmental allocations, the Government will be taking forward a programme of preparatory work over 2006 involving:
    "
    an assessment of what the sustained increases in spending and reforms to public service delivery have achieved since the first CSR. The assessment will inform the setting of new objectives for the decade ahead;
    " "
    an examination of the key long-term trends and challenges that will shape the next decade – including demographic and socio-economic change, globalisation, climate and environmental change, global insecurity and technological change – together with an assessment of how public services will need to respond;
    " "
    to release the resources needed to address these challenges, and to continue to secure maximum value for money from public spending over the CSR period, a set of zero-based reviews of departments’ baseline expenditure to assess its effectiveness in delivering the Government’s long-term objectives; together with
    "
    further development of the efficiency programme, building on the cross cutting areas identified in the Gershon Review, to embed and extend ongoing efficiency savings into departmental expenditure planning.
    The 2007 CSR also offers the opportunity to continue to refine the PSA framework so that it drives effective delivery and the attainment of ambitious national standards.
    Public Service Agreements (PSAs) were introduced in the 1998 CSR. They set out agreed targets detailing the outputs and outcomes departments are expected to deliver with the resources allocated to them. The new spending regime places a strong emphasis on outcome targets, for example in providing for better health and higher educational standards or service standards. The introduction in SR2004 of PSA ‘standards’ will ensure that high standards in priority areas are maintained.
    The Government monitors progress against PSA targets, and departments report in detail twice a year in their annual Departmental Reports (published in spring) and in their autumn performance reports. These reports provide Parliament and the public with regular updates on departments’ performance against their targets.
    Technical Notes explain how performance against each PSA target will be measured.
    To make the most of both new investment and existing assets, there needs to be a coherent long term strategy against which investment decisions are taken. Departmental Investment Strategies (DIS) set out each department's plans to deliver the scale and quality of capital stock needed to underpin its objectives. The DIS includes information about the department's existing capital stock and future plans for that stock, as well as plans for new investment. It also sets out the systems that the department has in place to ensure that it delivers its capital programmes effectively.
    This document was updated on 19 December 2005.
    Near-cash resource expenditure that has a related cash implication, even though the timing of the cash payment may be slightly different. For example, expenditure on gas or electricity supply is incurred as the fuel is used, though the cash payment might be made in arrears on aquarterly basis. Other examples of near-cash expenditure are: pay, rental.Net cash requirement the upper limit agreed by Parliament on the cash which a department may draw from theConsolidated Fund to finance the expenditure within the ambit of its Request forResources. It is equal to the agreed amount of net resources and net capital less non-cashitems and working capital.Non-cash cost costs where there is no cash transaction but which are included in a body’s accounts (or taken into account in charging for a service) to establish the true cost of all the resourcesused.Non-departmental a body which has a role in the processes of government, but is not a government public body, NDPBdepartment or part of one. NDPBs accordingly operate at arm’s length from governmentMinisters.Notional cost of a cost which is taken into account in setting fees and charges to improve comparability with insuranceprivate sector service providers.The charge takes account of the fact that public bodies donot generally pay an insurance premium to a commercial insurer.the independent body responsible for collecting and publishing official statistics about theUK’s society and economy. (At the time of going to print legislation was progressing tochange this body to the Statistics Board).Office of Government an office of the Treasury, with a status similar to that of an agency, which aims to maximise Commerce, OGCthe government’s purchasing power for routine items and combine professional expertiseto bear on capital projects.Office of the the government department responsible for discharging the Paymaster General’s statutoryPaymaster General,responsibilities to hold accounts and make payments for government departments and OPGother public bodies.Orange bookthe informal title for Management of Risks: Principles and Concepts, which is published by theTreasury for the guidance of public sector bodies.Office for NationalStatistics, ONS60Managing Public Money
    ————————————————————————————————————————
    "
    GLOSSARYOverdraftan account with a negative balance.Parliament’s formal agreement to authorise an activity or expenditure.Prerogative powerspowers exercisable under the Royal Prerogative, ie powers which are unique to the Crown,as contrasted with common-law powers which may be available to the Crown on the samebasis as to natural persons.Primary legislationActs which have been passed by the Westminster Parliament and, where they haveappropriate powers, the Scottish Parliament and the Northern Ireland Assembly. Begin asBills until they have received Royal Assent.arrangements under which a public sector organisation contracts with a private sectorentity to construct a facility and provide associated services of a specified quality over asustained period. See annex 7.5.Proprietythe principle that patterns of resource consumption should respect Parliament’s intentions,conventions and control procedures, including any laid down by the PAC. See box 2.4.Public Accountssee Committee of Public Accounts.CommitteePublic corporationa trading body controlled by central government, local authority or other publiccorporation that has substantial day to day operating independence. See section 7.8.Public Dividend finance provided by government to public sector bodies as an equity stake; an alternative to Capital, PDCloan finance.Public Service sets out what the public can expect the government to deliver with its resources. EveryAgreement, PSAlarge government department has PSA(s) which specify deliverables as targets or aimsrelated to objectives.a structured arrangement between a public sector and a private sector organisation tosecure an outcome delivering good value for money for the public sector. It is classified tothe public or private sector according to which has more control.Rate of returnthe financial remuneration delivered by a particular project or enterprise, expressed as apercentage of the net assets employed.Regularitythe principle that resource consumption should accord with the relevant legislation, therelevant delegated authority and this document. See box 2.4.Request for the functional level into which departmental Estimates may be split. RfRs contain a number Resources, RfRof functions being carried out by the department in pursuit of one or more of thatdepartment’s objectives.Resource accountan accruals account produced in line with the Financial Reporting Manual (FReM).Resource accountingthe system under which budgets, Estimates and accounts are constructed in a similar wayto commercial audited accounts, so that both plans and records of expenditure allow in fullfor the goods and services which are to be, or have been, consumed – ie not just the cashexpended.Resource budgetthe means by which the government plans and controls the expenditure of resources tomeet its objectives.Restitutiona legal concept which allows money and property to be returned to its rightful owner. Ittypically operates where another person can be said to have been unjustly enriched byreceiving such monies.Return on capital the ratio of profit to capital employed of an accounting entity during an identified period.employed, ROCEVarious measures of profit and of capital employed may be used in calculating the ratio.Public Privatepartnership, PPPPrivate Finance Initiative, PFIParliamentaryauthority61Managing Public Money
    "
    ————————————————————————————————————————
    GLOSSARYRoyal charterthe document setting out the powers and constitution of a corporation established underprerogative power of the monarch acting on Privy Council advice.Second readingthe second formal time that a House of Parliament may debate a bill, although in practicethe first substantive debate on its content. If successful, it is deemed to denoteParliamentary approval of the principle of the proposed legislation.Secondary legislationlaws, including orders and regulations, which are made using powers in primary legislation.Normally used to set out technical and administrative provision in greater detail thanprimary legislation, they are subject to a less intense level of scrutiny in Parliament.European legislation is,however,often implemented in secondary legislation using powers inthe European Communities Act 1972.Service-level agreement between parties, setting out in detail the level of service to be performed.agreementWhere agreements are between central government bodies, they are not legally a contractbut have a similar function.Shareholder Executive a body created to improve the government’s performance as a shareholder in businesses.Spending reviewsets out the key improvements in public services that the public can expect over a givenperiod. It includes a thorough review of departmental aims and objectives to find the bestway of delivering the government’s objectives, and sets out the spending plans for the givenperiod.State aidstate support for a domestic body or company which could distort EU competition and sois not usually allowed. See annex 4.9.Statement of Excessa formal statement detailing departments’ overspends prepared by the Comptroller andAuditor General as a result of undertaking annual audits.Statement on Internal an annual statement that Accounting Officers are required to make as part of the accounts Control, SICon a range of risk and control issues.Subheadindividual elements of departmental expenditure identifiable in Estimates as single cells, forexample cell A1 being administration costs within a particular line of departmental spending.Supplyresources voted by Parliament in response to Estimates, for expenditure by governmentdepartments.Supply Estimatesa statement of the resources the government needs in the coming financial year, and forwhat purpose(s), by which Parliamentary authority is sought for the planned level ofexpenditure and income.Target rate of returnthe rate of return required of a project or enterprise over a given period, usually at least a year.Third sectorprivate sector bodies which do not act commercially,including charities,social and voluntaryorganisations and other not-for-profit collectives. See annex 7.7.Total Managed a Treasury budgeting term which covers all current and capital spending carried out by the Expenditure,TMEpublic sector (ie not just by central departments).Trading fundan organisation (either within a government department or forming one) which is largely orwholly financed from commercial revenue generated by its activities. Its Estimate shows itsnet impact, allowing its income from receipts to be devoted entirely to its business.Treasury Minutea formal administrative document drawn up by the Treasury, which may serve a wide varietyof purposes including seeking Parliamentary approval for the use of receipts asappropriations in aid, a remission of some or all of the principal of voted loans, andresponding on behalf of the government to reports by the Public Accounts Committee(PAC).62Managing Public Money
    ————————————————————————————————————————
    GLOSSARY63Managing Public MoneyValue for moneythe process under which organisation’s procurement, projects and processes aresystematically evaluated and assessed to provide confidence about suitability, effectiveness,prudence,quality,value and avoidance of error and other waste,judged for the public sectoras a whole.Virementthe process through which funds are moved between subheads such that additionalexpenditure on one is met by savings on one or more others.Votethe process by which Parliament approves funds in response to supply Estimates.Voted expenditureprovision for expenditure that has been authorised by Parliament. Parliament ‘votes’authority for public expenditure through the Supply Estimates process. Most expenditureby central government departments is authorised in this way.Wider market activity activities undertaken by central government organisations outside their statutory duties,using spare capacity and aimed at generating a commercial profit. See annex 7.6.Windfallmonies received by a department which were not anticipated in the spending review.
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    Англо-русский экономический словарь > near cash

  • 23 Bank

    Bank f BANK bank, bk, banking establishment, banking house, credit institution • Geld auf der Bank haben BANK have money in the bank • zur Bank bringen BANK bank
    * * *
    f < Bank> bank (bk), banking establishment, banking house, credit institution ■ zur Bank bringen < Bank> bank
    * * *
    Bank
    bank[ing house], banker, banking firm (establishment), moneyed corporation (US), (Verkaufstisch) stand;
    • auf der Bank at a bank;
    • bei einer Bank zahlbar payable at a bank;
    • knapp an Banken underbanked;
    • nur an eine Bank zahlbar (Scheck) crossed specially;
    • ohne Angabe einer bestimmten Bank (Scheck) crossed generally;
    • anfragende Bank quering bank;
    • angeschlossene Bank member bank;
    • dem Abrechnungsverkehr (Giroverkehr) angeschlossene Bank clearing bank (Br.), associated bank (US);
    • ausstellende Bank issuing bank;
    • auswärtige Bank out-of-town bank;
    • auszahlende Bank paying bank[er], cash-paying bank;
    • avisierende Bank notifying bank;
    • beauftragte Bank paying (Br.) (payor, US) bank;
    • am Landeszentralbanksystem beteiligte Bank member bank (US);
    • Effektenemissionsgeschäfte betreibende Bank investment bank;
    • bezogene Bank drawee bank;
    • durchleitende (eingeschaltete) Bank intermediary bank (US);
    • einlösende Bank cashing banker;
    • einziehende Bank collecting bank (banker) (US);
    • federführende Bank leading underwriter, syndicate manager, lead[ing] bank;
    • als Hinterlegungsstelle fungierende Bank depositary bank (US);
    • fusionierte Bank merged bank;
    • geschlossene Bank closed bank;
    • halbstaatliche Bank semiprivate bank;
    • konsortialführende Bank originating banker, syndicate manager;
    • staatlich konzessionierte Bank state-chartered (state, US) bank;
    • korrespondierende Bank reporting bank;
    • landwirtschaftliche Bank rural (land, farmer’s, farm loan) bank;
    • vom Kreditnehmer mandatierte Bank arranger;
    • negoziierende Bank negotiating bank;
    • öffentlich-rechtliche Bank bank incorporated under public law;
    • privilegierte Bank chartered bank;
    • ruinierte Bank wrecked bank;
    • seriöse Bank sound bank;
    • Akkreditiv stellende Bank opening bank;
    • verwahrende Bank depositary bank, custodian (US);
    • zahlende Bank paying (payor, US) bank;
    • bar zahlende Bank cash- (specie-) paying bank;
    • zahlungsunfähige Bank insolvent bank, bank in failing condition;
    • Bank für Außenhandel British Trade Corporation (Br.);
    • Bank mit Autoschalter drive-in bank;
    • Bank mit Beratungsdienst auf allen Gebieten full-service bank;
    • Bank von England Bank of England, the Bank (Br.), Old Lady of Threadneedle Street (fam.);
    • Banken der Eurozone banks in the euro zone;
    • Bank mit mehreren Geschäftsstellen multiple-office bank;
    • Bank für Konsumentenbedürfnisse consumer bank;
    • Bank für Überseehandel overseas bank;
    • Banken und Versicherungen financial corporations (US);
    • Bank für Wohnungsbaufinanzierungen housing bank;
    • Bank für internationalen Zahlungsausgleich (BIZ) Bank for International Settlements;
    • Bank der oberen zehntausend top-drawer exclusive bank;
    • Internationale Bank für wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit International Bank for Economic Cooperation (IBEC);
    • von der Bank abheben to withdraw from a bank;
    • Bank auf Überziehungsmöglichkeiten ansprechen to approach a bank for an overdraft;
    • seine Bank anweisen to instruct one’s bank;
    • bei einer Bank arbeiten to be employed in a bank;
    • mit einer Bank arbeiten to bank with;
    • Bank ausrauben to stick up a bank (sl.);
    • bei seiner Bank eine Kreditlinie beantragen to ask a bank for a line of credit (US) (credit line, Br.);
    • seine Bank mit der Bezahlung anfallender Steuern beauftragen to commission one’s bank to pay one’s taxes;
    • Bank zur Hausbank einer Firma bestimmen to appoint a bank as bankers to the company;
    • Bank einschalten to interpolate a bank;
    • Geld[betrag] bei der Bank einzahlen to put money in (pay [idle] money into) a bank, to bank an amount;
    • Konto bei einer Bank eröffnen to open an account with a bank;
    • Banken fusionieren to incorporate one bank with another, to absorb a bank, to consolidate banks;
    • Geld bei einer Bank stehen haben to keep money at a bank;
    • bei einer Bank hinterlegen to deposit at a bank;
    • ungenutzt auf der Bank liegen to lie idle in the bank;
    • Kredite bei der Bank in erhöhtem Maße in Anspruch nehmen to increase the borrowings at the bank;
    • bei der Bank im Debet sein to be overdrawn at the bank;
    • stark bei den Banken verschuldet sein to be deeply in hock to the banks;
    • durch eine Bank überweisen to remit through a bank;
    • Konto bei einer Bank unterhalten to have an account with a bank;
    • einer Bank vorlegen to exhibit to a bank;
    • Bankabhebungen bank withdrawals;
    • Bankabrechnungsbuch bankbook;
    • Bankabschluss balance of a bank, bank return (Br.) (statement);
    • Bankabteilung (Notenbank) banking department;
    • Bankagent bank broker;
    • Bankagentur bank agent (broker), (Depositenkasse) branch;
    • Bankaktien bank shares (stocks, US);
    • in Bankaktien spekulieren to speculate in bank stocks (US);
    • Bankaktiengesellschaft joint-stock bank, banking corporation (US);
    • Bankaktionär bank shareholder, holder of bank stock (US);
    • Bankakzept bank (banker’s) acceptance;
    • erstklassiges Bankakzept fine bank acceptance (Br.), prime banker’s acceptance (US);
    • Bankangestellter bank assistant (clerk, Br., employee, official), banking employee, city man (Br.);
    • leitender Bankangestellter officer of a bank, bank’s officer;
    • Bankangestellter sein to be employed in a bank;
    • Bankanleihe bank loan, post-notes;
    • konsortialiter gewährte zinsvariable Bankanleihe syndicated floating-rate bank loan;
    • Bankanstalt banking house (establishment);
    • Bankanteil banking interest;
    • Bankanteilseigner shareholder (stockholder, US) in a bank;
    • Bankantwort bank reply;
    • Bankanweisung bank check (US) (cheque, Br., bill, draft, money order);
    • durch Bankanweisung bezahlt paid by check (US) (cheque, Br.);
    • Bankanwendung banking application;
    • Bankaufsichtsbehörde bank[ing] regulator, bank-regulatory authority, state superintendence of banks (US);
    • Bankauftrag bank money order, banker’s order (Br.);
    • Bankausbildung bank education;
    • Bankauskunft bank’s enquiry (Br.), banker’s reference (inquiry), banker’s status report;
    • Bankauskünfte über ein Kundenkonto bank disclosure;
    • Bankausleihungen bank lendings (US);
    • Bankausschuss für Währungspolitik a Bank’s Monetary Policy Committee;
    • Bankausweis balance of a bank, bank report (return, Br., statement);
    • wöchentlicher Bankausweis weekly bank statement;
    • wöchentlicher Bankausweis der Notenbank bank return (Br.), Return for the Week (Br.);
    • Bankauszug bank statement;
    • regelmäßiger Bankauszug periodical statement;
    • Bankautomat automated teller;
    • Bankaval bank guarantee (Br.) (guaranty, US);
    • Bankbeamter bank clerk (Br.);
    • leitender Bankbeamter bank officer (official);
    • allgemeine Bankbedingungen charge account terms;
    • Bankbeleg bank receipt (slip), record of a bank, bank record;
    • Bankbetriebswirt bank economist;
    • Bankbetriebs[wirtschafts]lehre bank economy;
    • Bankbevollmächtigter im Verrechnungsverkehr inclearer (Br.);
    • Bankbilanz balance sheet of a bank, bank’s balance sheet, bank report (statement, return, Br.);
    • Bankbonifikation underwriting fee;
    • Bankbote bank messenger (porter, runner), walk clerk (Br.);
    • Bankbriefkasten bank’s letter box;
    • Bankbuch bankbook, (Gegenkonto) passbook;
    • Bankbuchhalter bank accountant;
    • Bankbuchhaltung bank accounting;
    • Bankbürge bank guarantor;
    • Bankbürgschaft bank guarantee;
    • Bankdarlehn banker’s (bank[ing]) advance, bank loan (credit), bank borrowing, (kurzfristig an Wechselmakler) night money (Br.);
    • Bankdeposition banker’s balances, bank deposits;
    • Bankdepot bank deposit, deposit in a bank, lodgment;
    • Bankdirektor bank manager (president), manager of a bank;
    • Bankdiskont[satz] bank (Br.) (banker’s) discount, bank (Br.) (discount) rate, official rate of discount;
    • gültiger Bankdiskontsatz current bank rate (Br.);
    • Bankdiskontsatz herabsetzen (senken) to reduce the discount (Br.) (rediscount, US) rate;
    • Bankeinbruch bank burglary, raid on a bank;
    • Bankeinbruchsversicherung bank burglary insurance;
    • Bankeinlage deposit [in bank], bank deposit;
    • Bankeinlagen in größeren Mengen verschwinden lassen to spirit away large quantities of the bank’s deposits;
    • Bankeinleger depositor.

    Business german-english dictionary > Bank

  • 24 share

    [ʃeə] 1. noun
    1) (one of the parts of something that is divided among several people etc: We all had a share of the cake; We each paid our share of the bill.) delež
    2) (the part played by a person in something done etc by several people etc: I had no share in the decision.) delež
    3) (a fixed sum of money invested in a business company by a shareholder.) delnica
    2. verb
    1) ((usually with among, between, with) to divide among a number of people: We shared the money between us.) deliti
    2) (to have, use etc (something that another person has or uses); to allow someone to use (something one has or owns): The students share a sitting-room; The little boy hated sharing his toys.) deliti si
    3) ((sometimes with in) to have a share of with someone else: He wouldn't let her share the cost of the taxi.) imeti delež
    •
    - share and share alike
    * * *
    I [šʌ/ə]
    noun
    lemež, nož pri plugu
    II [šʌ/ə]
    noun
    delež, del; kontingent; commerce prispevek, delnica, dividenda, vloga
    share and share alike — v enakih deležih (deliti; razdeljen)
    preference shares, preferred shares — prednostne delnice
    to fall to s.o.'s share — pripasti komu kot delež
    to go shares with s.o. — (pravično) deliti s kom
    to give his due share to s.o. — dati komu, kar mu pripada
    III [šʌ/ə]
    transitive verb
    deliti (with s.o. s kom), porazdeliti ( among med); deliti (mišljenje); udeleževati se; intransitive verb imeti delež, biti deležen, sodelovati, udeležiti se
    to share alike, to share and share alike — imeti enake deleže, enako si razdeliti; sodelovati pri prispevkih in pri dobičku
    he would share his last crust figuratively on bi delil zadnjo skorjico svojega kruha (bi dal svojo zadnjo srajco)
    they ought to share with us in the expenses — oni bi morali deliti z nami izdatke;

    English-Slovenian dictionary > share

  • 25 udziałow|iec

    m (V udziałowcu a. udziałowcze) shareholder
    - zebranie udziałowców a shareholders’ meeting
    - być udziałowcem dużej spółki to be a shareholder in a large company

    The New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > udziałow|iec

  • 26 small

    1. adjective
    1) (in size) klein; gering [Wirkung, Appetit, Fähigkeit]; schmal [Taille, Handgelenk]; dünn [Stimme]

    it's a small world — die Welt ist klein

    2) attrib. (small-scale) klein; Klein[aktionär, -sparer, -händler, -betrieb, -bauer]
    4) (of the smaller kind) klein

    small letter — Kleinbuchstabe, der

    feel small — (fig.) sich (Dat.) ganz klein vorkommen

    make somebody feel/look small — (fig.) jemanden beschämen/ein schlechtes Licht auf jemanden werfen

    5) (not much) wenig

    demand for/interest in the product was small — die Nachfrage nach/das Interesse an dem Produkt war gering

    [it's] small wonder — [es ist] kein Wunder

    6) (trifling) klein

    we have a few small matters/points/problems to clear up before... — es sind noch ein paar Kleinigkeiten zu klären, bevor...

    7) (minor) unbedeutend
    8) (petty) kleinlich (abwertend)
    2. noun
    (Anat.)

    small of the back — Kreuz, das

    3. adverb
    * * *
    [smo:l]
    1) (little in size, degree, importance etc; not large or great: She was accompanied by a small boy of about six; There's only a small amount of sugar left; She cut the meat up small for the baby.) klein
    2) (not doing something on a large scale: He's a small businessman.) klein
    3) (little; not much: You have small reason to be satisfied with yourself.) wenig
    4) ((of the letters of the alphabet) not capital: The teacher showed the children how to write a capital G and a small g.) klein
    •
    - academic.ru/118481/small_ads">small ads
    - small arms
    - small change
    - small hours
    - smallpox
    - small screen
    - small-time
    - feel/look small
    * * *
    [smɔ:l, AM also smɑ:l]
    I. adj
    1. (not large) klein
    he's quite \small for his age er ist ziemlich klein für sein Alter
    \small amount geringer Betrag
    \small circulation MEDIA niedrige Auflage
    \small craft NAUT [kleines] Boot
    \small fortune kleines Vermögen
    \small number/quantity kleine [o geringe] Menge/Zahl
    \small percentage geringe Prozentzahl
    in \small quantities in kleinen Mengen
    \small street enge Straße
    \small town Kleinstadt f
    \small turnout geringe Beteiligung
    2. (young) klein
    \small child Kleinkind nt
    3. (insignificant) klein, unbedeutend
    \small consolation ein schwacher Trost
    no \small feat keine schlechte Leistung
    \small wonder kein Wunder
    to feel \small sich dat klein und unbedeutend vorkommen
    to look \small schlecht dastehen
    to make sb look \small jdn niedermachen fam
    4. (on a limited scale) klein, bescheiden
    \small investor Kleinanleger(in) m(f)
    in a \small way bescheiden, im Kleinen
    in sb's own \small way auf jds eigene bescheidene Art
    5. TYPO
    \small letter Kleinbuchstabe m
    6.
    ▶ to be grateful [or thankful] for \small mercies mit wenig zufrieden sein
    ▶ it's a \small world! ( prov) die Welt ist klein!
    II. n no pl
    the \small of the [or one's] back ANAT, ZOOL das Kreuz
    III. adv think, plan in kleinem Rahmen
    * * *
    [smɔːl]
    1. adj (+er)
    1) klein; supply, stock klein, gering; waist schmal; (= not much) reason, desire wenig, gering; effort gering

    small in size — von geringer Größe, klein

    the smallest possible number of books — so wenig Bücher wie möglich

    to have a small appetite —

    it's written with a small "e" — es wird mit kleinem "e" geschrieben

    he/it made me feel pretty small — da kam ich mir ziemlich klein vor

    to be of small concern to sb — jdn nur wenig betreffen

    2) (= unimportant, minor) klein; present, sum klein, bescheiden; importance, consequence gering

    a few small matters/problems —

    to be of no small consequence — nicht unbeträchtliche Folgen haben

    to help/contribute in a small way —

    3) (= quiet) voice leise
    4) (fig: mean, petty) person kleinlich
    2. n
    1)
    2) pl (Brit inf) Unterwäsche f
    3. adv
    * * *
    small [smɔːl]
    A adj
    1. allg klein:
    cut small klein schneiden;
    make o.s. small sich kleinmachen;
    the smallest room Br die Toilette; → ad1, intestine A
    2. klein, schmächtig (Junge etc)
    3. klein, gering (Anzahl, Grad etc):
    a small fortune ein kleines Vermögen;
    they came in small numbers es kamen nur wenige;
    I’ve only got small appetite ich habe nur wenig Appetit;
    small eater schlechte(r) Esser(in);
    small saver Kleinsparer(in)
    4. wenig:
    small blame to him ihn trifft kaum eine Schuld;
    have small cause for kaum Anlass zu Dankbarkeit etc haben
    5. klein, armselig, dürftig
    6. klein, mit wenig Besitz:
    small businessman kleiner Geschäftsmann;
    small farmer Kleinbauer m, -bäuerin f
    7. klein, (sozial) niedrig:
    small people kleine Leute
    8. unbedeutend, klein (Dichter etc)
    9. bescheiden, klein (Anfang etc)
    10. klein, trivial:
    the small worries die kleinen Sorgen;
    a small matter eine Kleinigkeit oder Bagatelle;
    a) bescheiden leben etc,
    b) im Kleinen handeln etc
    11. pej kleinlich
    12. pej niedrig, moralisch verwerflich (Charakter etc)
    13. klein umg, beschämt:
    feel small sich klein (u. hässlich) vorkommen, sich schämen;
    make sb feel small jemanden beschämen;
    look small beschämt dastehen
    14. schwach, klein (Stimme):
    the small voice of conscience die Stimme des Gewissens
    15. obs dünn (Bier etc)
    B adv
    1. fein, klein
    2. ängstlich: → sing A 1
    3. auf bescheidene Art
    4. gering(schätzig):
    think small kleinkariert denken pej;
    think small of sb auf jemanden herabsehen
    C s
    1. (das) Kleine, (etwas) Kleines
    2. schmal(st)er oder verjüngter Teil:
    3. pl besonders Br umg Unterwäsche f, Taschentücher pl etc:
    wash one’s smalls seine kleine Wäsche waschen
    S abk small S
    * * *
    1. adjective
    1) (in size) klein; gering [Wirkung, Appetit, Fähigkeit]; schmal [Taille, Handgelenk]; dünn [Stimme]
    2) attrib. (small-scale) klein; Klein[aktionär, -sparer, -händler, -betrieb, -bauer]
    3) (young, not fully grown) klein

    small letter — Kleinbuchstabe, der

    feel small — (fig.) sich (Dat.) ganz klein vorkommen

    make somebody feel/look small — (fig.) jemanden beschämen/ein schlechtes Licht auf jemanden werfen

    5) (not much) wenig

    demand for/interest in the product was small — die Nachfrage nach/das Interesse an dem Produkt war gering

    [it's] small wonder — [es ist] kein Wunder

    6) (trifling) klein

    we have a few small matters/points/problems to clear up before... — es sind noch ein paar Kleinigkeiten zu klären, bevor...

    7) (minor) unbedeutend
    8) (petty) kleinlich (abwertend)
    2. noun
    (Anat.)

    small of the back — Kreuz, das

    3. adverb
    * * *
    adj.
    gering adj.
    klein adj.
    unbedeutend adj. adj.
    zu klein adj.

    English-german dictionary > small

  • 27 share

    1. сущ.
    1)
    а) эк. доля, часть (напр., рынка, имущества, доходов и т. п.); квота

    proportional share, pro rata share — пропорциональная доля

    in equal shares — равными долями, в равных долях

    Tenancy in common is the holding of property by two or more persons, either in equal shares or unequal shares. — Нераздельно совладение представляет собой форму собственности, при которой имуществом владеют двое или более лиц, в равных или в неравных долях.

    Rather, they have a very simple Will or no Will at all, either of which means that the estate will be divided among the children "in equal shares". — Скорее, они составляют очень простой вариант завещания или не составляют вообще никакого завещания, в обоих этих случаях имущество будет разделено среди детей в равных долях.

    See:
    б) общ. доля, удел, участь

    I couldn't even dream that such prize would fall to my share. — Я даже не мог мечтать о том, чтобы такая удача выпала на мою долю.

    2) общ. участие; роль

    to bear share in smth., to take share in smth. — принимать участие в чем-л.

    We will further our interests through partnership with those who, like us, are willing to bear a share in promoting peace and stability. — Мы будем продолжать наше дело совместно с теми, кто, подобно нам, желает принять участие в работе на благо укрепления мира и стабильности.

    3)
    а) фин. акция; пай (участие в капитале компании, т. е. доля собственности в компании, напр., доля в капитале взаимного инвестиционного фонда, кооператива и т. п.)
    See:
    б) фин. акция (ценная бумага, свидетельствующая о внесении определенной суммы в собственный капитал компании и подтверждающая право своего владельца на определенную часть прибыли данной компании и остатка активов при ликвидации, а обычно также и право на участие в управлении компании путем голосования на собраниях акционеров)

    to acquire shares — скупать [приобретать\] акции

    to hold shares in a company — иметь акции какой-л. компании, владеть акциями какой-л. компании

    to issue shares — выпускать [эмитировать\] акции

    block [line\] of shares — пакет акций

    shares are rising — акции поднимаются (в цене); курс акций растет [поднимается\]

    shares are down — акции падают (в цене); курс акций снижается [падает\]

    H-P will buy 1,2 million Convex shares at $14.875 a share, representing a 1,25-a-share premium over the price of Convex stock. — "H-P" купит 1,2 млн акций компании "Конвекс" по цене 14,875 долл. за штуку, что означает уплату премии в размере 1,25 долл. на акцию сверх цены акций "Конвекса".

    share market — фондовый рынок, рынок ценных бумаг

    Syn:
    stock 1. 5) б)
    See:
    share broker, share market, A ordinary share, A share, accumulation share, active share, allotted shares, American Depositary Share, annuity income shares, authorized shares, Bancshares, bearer share, bogus share, bonus share, callable share, capital growth shares, capital shares, class A share, class B share, classified shares, closely held shares, common share, conversion shares, convertible preference share, convertible preferred share, cross-held shares, cumulative preference share, defensive shares, deferred ordinary share, deferred share, diluted shares, equity share, excess shares, first preferred share, flow-through shares, forfeited share, founders' shares, fractional share, fully paid shares, geared ordinary income shares, geared ordinary shares, gold shares, golden share, growth share, high-priced share, identified shares, inactive share, incentive shares, income shares, industrial shares, inscribed share, investment shares, investment trust share, irredeemable preference share, irredeemable share, issued and outstanding shares, issued share, low-priced share, management share, monthly income preferred share, multiple voting share, mutual fund share, new share, nil paid shares, no par value share, nominal share, non-convertible preference share, non-convertible preferred share, noncumulative preference share, non-equity share, non-par value share, non-participating share, non-par-value share, non-voting ordinary share, non-voting share, no-par share, no-par-value share, ordinary income shares, ordinary share, outstanding shares, overvalued share, paid-up share, paired shares, par value share, partially paid shares, participating preference share, participating preferred share, participating share, partly paid shares, par-value share, penny share, performance shares, permanent interest-bearing shares, perpetual preference share, perpetual preferred share, preference share, preferred ordinary share, preferred share, publicly held shares, quality share, quarterly income preferred share, redeemable preference share, redeemable share, registered share, senior preferred share, stepped preference share, stock share, subordinate voting share, subscription shares, term share, traditional income shares, treasure share, treasury share, unallotted shares, under valued share, underlying share, undervalued share, under-valued share, unissued shares, unquoted share, voting right share, voting share, zero dividend preference share, zero dividend share, zero-dividend preference share, American Depositary Share, share warrant, shareholder, shareholding, share capital, equity security, dividend, dividend coupon, and interest, book value per share, cash flow per share, dividends per share, earnings per share, net asset value per share, sales per share, employee share ownership plan, profit sharing share scheme
    в) фин., юр., брит. акция (согласно доктрине британского права, под акцией понимается интерес ее владельца, измеряемый определенной суммой денег и включающий в себя различные права, установленные договором; акции должны быть именными; могут выпускаться как в документарной форме, согласно закону "О компаниях" от 1985 г., так и в электронной форме, согласно Положению о бездокументарных ценных бумагах от 1995 г.; передача прав на акции через средства электронной техники регламентируется законом 1982 г. "О передаче акций"; законом 1963 г. с аналогичным названием была утверждена форма передаточного распоряжения, которая должна заполняться при совершении сделок с акциями)
    See:
    4)
    а) с.-х. (плужный/плужной) лемех, (плужный/плужной) сошник, лемеш, плужник (часть плуга, сабана или косули, подрезающая пласт земли снизу)
    Syn:
    plow share, plowshare, ploughshare
    б) с.-х. сошник (рабочий орган сеялки для образования в почве бороздки, направления в нее семян и заделки их почвой)
    See:
    2)
    в) с.-х. (культиваторная) лапа (рабочий орган культиватора, предназначенный для подрезания поверхностного слоя почвы при рыхлении, образования в почве борозд для семян или подкормки и т. д.)
    Syn:
    2. гл.
    1)
    а) общ. делить, разделять, распределять (что-л. между несколькими лицами, направлениями использования и т. п.; также to share out); делить (что-л. с кем-л.), делиться (чем-л. с кем-л.)

    to share equally — делить на равные части, делить поровну

    We agreed to share out money. — Мы договорились разделить деньги.

    You don't need to share money. — Вам не нужно делиться деньгами.

    I would like to share with you some exciting news. — Я бы хотел поделиться с вами увлекательными новостями.

    See:
    б) общ. разделять, использовать совместно (что-л. с кем-л.)

    We have a very large house, but I insist that they share a room. — У нас очень большой дом, но я настаивают на том, чтобы они жили в одной комнате.

    Bill and I shared an office for years. — Мы с Биллом работали в одном офисе много лет.

    When two people share an umbrella, the taller person should carry it for greater visibility and safety. — когда двое идут под одним зонтом, для лучшего обзора и большей безопасности зонт должен нести более высокий человек.

    2)
    а) общ. участвовать (в какой-л. деятельности, проекте и т. п.)

    You can share in the project by being part of our support team, by praying for us or by contributing to our financial support. — Вы можете участвовать в проекте присоединившись к команде поддержки, молясь за нас или оказав нам финансовую помощь.

    Syn:
    б) эк. быть пайщиком; быть акционером (участвовать в собственном капитале компании, кооператива, взаимного инвестиционного фонда и т. п.)

    to share in a firm — быть акционером фирмы, участвовать в собственном капитале фирмы

    3) общ. разделять (мнения, вкусы и т. п.)

    to share smb's opinion/views — разделять чье-л. мнение/взгляды

    I fully share his opinion. — Я полностью разделяю его мнение.

    He likes people who share his likes. — Ему нравятся люди, которые разделяют его пристрастия.

    They all share common features. — Они все обладают общими чертами.


    * * *
    доля, часть (целого): 1) акция, участие в капитале компании: ценная бумага, дающая право на долю в акционерном капитале компании и на пропорциональную часть прибыли и остатка активов при ликвидации (также обычно право голоса на общих собраниях акционеров при выборах директоров и утверждении результатов деятельности компании); право собственности представлено сертификатом акции; 2) пай (акция) во взаимном фонде, кооперативе, кредитном союзе, строительном обществе; 3) участие в товариществе (общем или с ограниченной ответственностью); 4) доля рынка; = market share; 5) = Nielsen rating.
    * * *
    • 1) /vt/ разделять; 2) /vi/ принимать участие
    • 1) доля; 2) акция
    * * *
    акция; доля; пай
    . . Словарь экономических терминов .
    * * *
    1. ценная бумага, являющаяся титулом собственности на часть имущества компании; лицо, инвестирующее средства в компанию, может ограничить свою ответственность суммой стоимости акций
    2. долевое участие доля собственных ресурсов заемщика и кредита банка в формировании затрат или в инвестициях
    -----
    применяется в практике перестрахования, когда первоначальный страховщик удерживает на своей ответственности часть риска, а оставшуюся передает в перестрахование
    -----
    Ценные бумаги/Биржевая деятельность
    ценная бумага, удостоверяющая участие ее вла-дельца в капитале акционерного общества <5>stock

    Англо-русский экономический словарь > share

  • 28 Unterstützung

    Unterstützung f 1. COMP support; 2. GEN aid, boost, backing, backup, encouragement, promotion, subsidization, sponsorship; 3. MGT support; 4. SOZ assistance, support, benefit; 5. WIWI backing, support (finanziell); maintenance payments, maintenance allowances, relief payments (ZB) • mit Unterstützung von GEN through the agency of
    * * *
    f 1. < Comp> support; 2. < Geschäft> aid, boost, backing, backup, encouragement, promotion, subsidization, sponsorship; 3. < Mgmnt> support; 4. < Sozial> assistance, support, benefit; 5. <Vw> finanziell backing, support, ZB maintenance payments, maintenance allowances, relief payments ■ mit Unterstützung von < Geschäft> through the agency of
    * * *
    Unterstützung
    (Arbeitslose) unemployment benefit, dole (Br.), (Förderung) furtherance, encouragement, patronization, boost, promotion, support, arm, (Fürsorge) relief, (Hilfe) support, help[ing], assistance, aid, (Sozialversicherungsleistung) benefit, (Spende) contribution, sign-up, (Subvention) grant, (Unterhaltsgewährung) maintenance, alimony;
    • auf Ihre Unterstützung angewiesen depending on you for support;
    • auf städtische Unterstützung angewiesen on the parish (town, US);
    • mit Unterstützung von with the support of, (Rundfunkprogramm) presented by courtesy of;
    • mit mit kommunaler Unterstützung rate-aided (Br.);
    • mit Unterstützung aus staatlichen Mitteln state-aided, bountyfed;
    • ohne Unterstützung unbacked, unhelped, (Wohlfahrtsempfänger) unaided, unrelieved;
    • zur Unterstützung von in aid of;
    • anstaltsinterne Unterstützung institutional (indoor) relief (Br.);
    • von der Gewerkschaft ausgehandelte Unterstützung union benefit;
    • bar ausgezahlte Unterstützung cash assistance;
    • fachliche Unterstützung technical aid;
    • finanzielle Unterstützung pecuniary assistance, financial help (backing), accommodation, (durch kommunale Stellen) municipal aid;
    • maßgebliche finanzielle Unterstützung substantial funding;
    • gegenseitige Unterstützung mutual aid (assistance), log-rolling (US);
    • geldliche Unterstützung pecuniary aid (assistance);
    • von der Gemeinde gewährte (gemeindliche) Unterstützung parish relief (Br.), community support;
    • in der arbeitslosen Zeit gezahlte Unterstützung off-season subsidy;
    • kommunale Unterstützung rate aid (Br.), parish relief;
    • mangelnde Unterstützung lack of support;
    • öffentliche Unterstützung pauper (poor) relief (Br.), public welfare (aid, assistance), outdoor (Br.) (public, US) relief;
    • politische Unterstützung endorsement, political backing;
    • staatliche Unterstützung government support (backing), government[al] assistance, grant, subsidy, subsidizing, subvention, state-aid (US), (für Kommunalaufgaben) municipal support, grant-in-aid (US), Exchequer equalization grant (Br.);
    • tatkräftige Unterstützung strong-arm treatment;
    • technische Unterstützung technical aid;
    • vorläufige Unterstützung interim relief;
    • vorübergehende Unterstützung temporary relief;
    • weitgehende Unterstützung large support;
    • werbliche Unterstützung advertising support;
    • wesentliche Unterstützung material support;
    • projektgebundene wirtschaftliche Unterstützung (Entwicklungsländer) commodity (tied) aid;
    • zuerkannte Unterstützung affirmative relief;
    • zusätzliche Unterstützung additional benefit;
    • Unterstützung durch die Aktionäre shareholder (stockholder, US) support;
    • Unterstützung durch Anstaltsfürsorge indoor (institutional, Br.) relief;
    • Unterstützung eines Antrags seconding a motion;
    • Unterstützung durch Arbeiterstimmen im ganzen Land labo(u)r’s national support;
    • Unterstützung der Armen contribution to the poor, pauper (poor) relief (Br.);
    • staatliche Unterstützung für die Beschäftigung von Kurzarbeitern temporary employment subsidy;
    • Unterstützung eines Bewerbers backing up of a candidate;
    • Unterstützung für Familien mit abhängigen Familienangehörigen aid to families with dependent children;
    • Unterstützung der obersten Führungskräfte durch Arbeitnehmervertreter multiple management;
    • Unterstützung örtlicher Gebietskörperschaften help to local authorities;
    • werbliche Unterstützung des Händlers dealer-aid advertising;
    • Unterstützung der Industrie encouragement of industry;
    • Unterstützung der Informationskampagnen in den Mitgliedstaaten support of member states’ information campaigns;
    • Unterstützung der Minderheit minority support;
    • Unterstützung in Notfällen emergency support;
    • Unterstützung durch Öffentlichkeitsarbeit public-relations support;
    • Unterstützung beider Parteien bipartisan support;
    • Unterstützung vonseiten der Regierung government support;
    • Unterstützung der kleinen und mittleren Unternehmen (KMU) support for small and medium enterprises (SMEs);
    • Unterstützung durch die Werbewirtschaft advertiser support;
    • Unterstützung aus Wirtschaftskreisen business support;
    • Unterstützung bei der Wohnungsbeschaffung subsidized housing;
    • j. um Unterstützung angehen to call upon s. o. to give assistance;
    • sich um Unterstützung bemühen to gun for support (US);
    • Unterstützung beziehen (erhalten) to obtain (receive) state relief, to be (go) on the parish (town, US), to receive aid from a public poor fund, to be on relief, (Arbeitsloser) to draw unemployment benefit (Br.), to receive unemployment compensation (US), to be on (draw) the dole (Br.);
    • Unterstützung einstellen to pull the plug (sl.);
    • Unterstützung empfangen to go on relief rolls (US);
    • Unterstützung entziehen to siphon support away;
    • Geld zur Unterstützung für Sozialfälle geben to spend money in alms;
    • allgemeine Unterstützung genießen to enjoy popular support;
    • Unterstützung gewähren to grant relief;
    • finanzielle Unterstützung gewähren to extend pecuniary assistance;
    • j. zur Unterstützung heranziehen to enlist the services of s. o.;
    • mit der vollen Unterstützung eines Ausschusses rechnen können to be solid with a committee;
    • einem Unternehmen seine Unterstützung angedeihen lassen to confer one’s patronage upon an undertaking;
    • der Exportwirtschaft jedmögliche Unterstützung zuteil werden lassen to shore up export industries;
    • von staatlicher Unterstützung leben to live off government aid (assistance);
    • auf Unterstützungen angewiesen sein to be dependent on alms;
    • auf öffentliche Unterstützung angewiesen sein to be thrown upon the parish (on the town, US), to be a public charge;
    • sich zur Unterstützung verpflichten to pledge one’s support;
    • durch Unterstützungen unterhalten werden to be supported by voluntary contributions.
    durch Anstaltsfürsorge indoor (institutional, Br.) relief

    Business german-english dictionary > Unterstützung

  • 29 major

    1. adjective
    1) attrib. (greater) größer...

    major part — Großteil, der

    2) attrib. (important) bedeutend...; (serious) schwer [Unfall, Krankheit, Unglück, Unruhen]; größer... [Krieg, Angriff, Durchbruch]; schwer, größer... [Operation]

    of major interest/importance — von größerem Interesse/von größerer Bedeutung

    major road — (important) Hauptverkehrsstraße, die; (having priority) Vorfahrtsstraße, die

    3) (Mus.) Dur-

    major key/scale/chord — Durtonart, die / Durtonleiter, die / Durakkord, der

    2. noun
    1) (Mil.) Major, der
    2) (Amer. Univ.) Hauptfach, das
    3. intransitive verb
    (Amer. Univ.)

    major in something — etwas als Hauptfach haben

    * * *
    ['mei‹ə] 1. adjective
    (great, or greater, in size, importance etc: major and minor roads; a major discovery.) bedeutend
    2. noun
    1) ((often abbreviated to Maj. when written) the rank next below lieutenant-colonel.) der Major
    2) ((American) the subject in which you specialize at college or university: a major in physics; Her major is psychology.)
    3. verb
    ((with in) (American) to study a certain subject in which you specialize at college or university: She is majoring in philosophy.)
    - academic.ru/44717/majority">majority
    - major-general
    - the age of majority
    * * *
    ma·jor
    [ˈmeɪʤəʳ, AM -ɚ]
    I. adj inv
    1. attr (important) bedeutend, wichtig
    a \major contribution ein bedeutender [o wichtiger] Beitrag
    a \major event ein bedeutendes Ereignis; (main) Haupt-
    \major artery Hauptschlagader f
    a \major cause ein Hauptgrund m; (large) groß
    your car is going to need a \major overhaul ihr Auto muss von Grund auf überholt werden
    a \major catastrophe eine große Katastrophe
    the \major disaster of the decade die größte Katastrophe des Jahrzehnts
    to be a \major influence großen Einfluss haben
    a \major problem ein großes Problem
    2. attr (serious)
    a \major crime ein schweres Verbrechen
    to have \major depression eine starke Depression haben
    a \major illness eine schwerwiegende Krankheit
    to undergo \major surgery sich akk einer größeren Operation unterziehen
    it's quite a \major operation es ist eine ziemlich komplizierte Operation
    3. (in music) Dur nt
    in C \major in C-Dur
    Smythe \major Smythe der Ältere
    II. n
    1. MIL (officer rank) Major(in) m(f)
    2. AM, AUS UNIV (primary subject) Hauptfach nt
    she was a philosophy \major sie hat Philosophie im Hauptfach studiert
    to have a \major in literature/history/maths Literatur/Geschichte/Mathematik als Hauptfach haben
    3. (in music) Dur nt
    III. vi UNIV
    to \major in German studies/physics/biology Deutsch/Physik/Biologie als Hauptfach studieren
    * * *
    ['meɪdZə(r)]
    1. adj
    1) Haupt-; (= of great importance) bedeutend; cause, factor wesentlich; incident schwerwiegend, schwer wiegend; part, role groß, führend; (POL) party groß, führend; (= of great extent) groß

    a major road —

    a major factor in our decision/his defeat — ein wesentlicher Faktor bei unserem Entschluss/seiner Niederlage

    a major poet —

    Sapporo, the major city on Hokkaido — Sapporo, die wichtigste Stadt auf Hokkaido

    matters of major interest — Angelegenheiten pl von großem or größerem Interesse

    2) (MUS) Dur-

    A major — A-Dur nt

    3)
    2. n
    1) (MIL) Major(in) m(f)
    2) (MUS) Dur nt
    3) (JUR)
    4) (US: subject) Hauptfach nt

    he's a psychology major — Psychologie ist/war sein Hauptfach

    3. vi (US)

    to major in French — Französisch als Hauptfach studieren, das Examen mit Französisch im Hauptfach ablegen

    * * *
    major [ˈmeıdʒə(r)]
    A s
    1. MIL Major m
    2. UNIV US
    a) Hauptfach n
    b) Student, der Geschichte etc als Hauptfach belegt hat:
    she’s a history major sie studiert als oder im Hauptfach Geschichte
    3. JUR Volljährige(r) m/f(m), Mündige(r) m/f(m):
    become a major volljährig oder mündig werden
    4. MUS
    a) Dur n
    b) Durakkord m
    c) Durtonart f
    5. Logik:
    a) auch major term Oberbegriff m
    b) auch major premise Obersatz m
    B adj
    1. größer(er, e, es) (auch fig an Bedeutung, Interesse etc), fig auch bedeutend, wichtig, schwerwiegend:
    major axis MATH Hauptachse f;
    major event besonders SPORT Großveranstaltung f;
    major illness schwer(er)e Krankheit;
    major offensive MIL etc Großoffensive f;
    major party POL große Partei;
    major penalty (Eishockey) große Strafe;
    major poet großer Dichter;
    major repairs größere Reparaturen;
    major road Haupt(verkehrs)straße f;
    major shareholder (bes US stockholder) WIRTSCH Großaktionär(in);
    major work Hauptwerk n; → operation 9, order A 20 a
    2. Mehrheits…:
    major vote die von der Mehrheit abgegebenen Stimmen pl
    3. JUR volljährig, mündig
    4. MUS
    a) groß (Terz etc)
    b) Dur…:
    C major C-Dur n
    5. US Hauptfach…
    6. der ältere oder erste:
    Cato Major der ältere Cato
    C v/i major in UNIV US Geschichte etc als oder im Hauptfach studieren
    * * *
    1. adjective
    1) attrib. (greater) größer...

    major part — Großteil, der

    2) attrib. (important) bedeutend...; (serious) schwer [Unfall, Krankheit, Unglück, Unruhen]; größer... [Krieg, Angriff, Durchbruch]; schwer, größer... [Operation]

    of major interest/importance — von größerem Interesse/von größerer Bedeutung

    major road — (important) Hauptverkehrsstraße, die; (having priority) Vorfahrtsstraße, die

    3) (Mus.) Dur-

    major key/scale/chord — Durtonart, die / Durtonleiter, die / Durakkord, der

    2. noun
    1) (Mil.) Major, der
    2) (Amer. Univ.) Hauptfach, das
    3. intransitive verb
    (Amer. Univ.)
    * * *
    adj.
    Haupt- präfix.
    größt adj.
    hauptsächlich adj. n.
    Major -e m.

    English-german dictionary > major

  • 30 holding

    1) владение (напр. акциями)
    2) арендованный участок земли
    3) арендованное имущество
    4) pl вклады; авуары
    5) запас
    6) хранилище
    7) пакет акций
    8) предприятие, контролируемое холдинг-компанией

    Англо-русский словарь по экономике и финансам > holding

  • 31 LVMH

       Louis Vuitton - Moët Hennesy. A large holding company specialising in luxury products, LVMH is the main or unique shareholder in a range of products including perfume, jewelery, designer clothes, fine foods, drinks and champagne. Among the group's most high profile companies or brands are Christian Dior, several top brands of champagne, including Moët & Chandon, Mercier and Krug, Tag Heuer watches, and Guerlain perfumes and cosmetics. It also owns the Sephora chain of beauty products retail outlets.LVMH is a CAC 40 company.

    Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > LVMH

  • 32 Banking

       Historically, banking in Portugal was in the hands of eight very large family-owned private banks (Banco Totta e Açores, Banco Nacional Ultramarino, Banco Pinto e Sotto Mayor, Banco Espirito Santo, Banco Português do Atlantico, Banco Borges e Irmão, Banco Fonsecas e Burnay, and Banco Intercontinental Português), all regulated by the state-owned Banco de Portugal. After the Revolution of 25 April 1974, private banks and private insurance companies were nationalized; that is, taken over by the state. Nationalization created structural problems for banks because they were required to extend credit at negative real interest rates to finance the budget deficits of nonprofitable public enterprises. They were also plagued by undercapitalization, overstaffing, and excessive branching.
       The banking sector began to change during the 1980s, when, as a condition for joining the European Economic Community (EEC), it was liberalized and internationalized. In 1984, a law was passed that allowed private banks and insurance companies to be organized. In the 1980s, six foreign banks (Manufacturers Hanover Trust, Chase Manhattan, Barclays, Banque Nationale de Paris, Citicorp, and Gé-nérale de Banque of Belgium) and four majority Portuguese banks (Banco de Comércio e Indústria, Banco Internacional de Crédito, Banco Português de Investimento, and Banco Comercial Português) began operating. In the 1990s, the banks nationalized after the Revolution of 25 April were reprivatized (beginning with Banco Totta e Açores followed by Banco Português do Atlantico) by selling shares in them to the public. This has allowed some of the dispossessed families, such as the Espirito Santos, to attempt to regain control of their banks by becoming majority shareholders in them. Despite the privatizations of the 1990s, the Portuguese state maintains tight control over banking through the Banco de Portugal. The state continues to be a majority shareholder in the Caixa Geral de Depósitos, Portugal's largest savings bank, the Banco Nacional Ultramarino, Banco de Fomento e Exterior, and the Banco Borges e Irmão.

    Historical dictionary of Portugal > Banking

  • 33 Adamson, Daniel

    [br]
    b. 1818 Shildon, Co. Durham, England
    d. January 1890 Didsbury, Manchester, England
    [br]
    English mechanical engineer, pioneer in the use of steel for boilers, which enabled higher pressures to be introduced; pioneer in the use of triple-and quadruple-expansion mill engines.
    [br]
    Adamson was apprenticed between 1835 and 1841 to Timothy Hackworth, then Locomotive Superintendent on the Stockton \& Darlington Railway. After this he was appointed Draughtsman, then Superintendent Engineer, at that railway's locomotive works until in 1847 he became Manager of Shildon Works. In 1850 he resigned and moved to act as General Manager of Heaton Foundry, Stockport. In the following year he commenced business on his own at Newton Moor Iron Works near Manchester, where he built up his business as an iron-founder and boilermaker. By 1872 this works had become too small and he moved to a 4 acre (1.6 hectare) site at Hyde Junction, Dukinfield. There he employed 600 men making steel boilers, heavy machinery including mill engines fitted with the American Wheelock valve gear, hydraulic plant and general millwrighting. His success was based on his early recognition of the importance of using high-pressure steam and steel instead of wrought iron. In 1852 he patented his type of flanged seam for the firetubes of Lancashire boilers, which prevented these tubes cracking through expansion. In 1862 he patented the fabrication of boilers by drilling rivet holes instead of punching them and also by drilling the holes through two plates held together in their assembly positions. He had started to use steel for some boilers he made for railway locomotives in 1857, and in 1860, only four years after Bessemer's patent, he built six mill engine boilers from steel for Platt Bros, Oldham. He solved the problems of using this new material, and by his death had made c.2,800 steel boilers with pressures up to 250 psi (17.6 kg/cm2).
    He was a pioneer in the general introduction of steel and in 1863–4 was a partner in establishing the Yorkshire Iron and Steel Works at Penistone. This was the first works to depend entirely upon Bessemer steel for engineering purposes and was later sold at a large profit to Charles Cammell \& Co., Sheffield. When he started this works, he also patented improvements both to the Bessemer converters and to the engines which provided their blast. In 1870 he helped to turn Lincolnshire into an important ironmaking area by erecting the North Lincolnshire Ironworks. He was also a shareholder in ironworks in South Wales and Cumberland.
    He contributed to the development of the stationary steam engine, for as early as 1855 he built one to run with a pressure of 150 psi (10.5 kg/cm) that worked quite satisfactorily. He reheated the steam between the cylinders of compound engines and then in 1861–2 patented a triple-expansion engine, followed in 1873 by a quadruple-expansion one to further economize steam. In 1858 he developed improved machinery for testing tensile strength and compressive resistance of materials, and in the same year patents for hydraulic lifting jacks and riveting machines were obtained.
    He was a founding member of the Iron and Steel Institute and became its President in 1888 when it visited Manchester. The previous year he had been President of the Institution of Civil Engineers when he was presented with the Bessemer Gold Medal. He was a constant contributor at the meetings of these associations as well as those of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. He did not live to see the opening of one of his final achievements, the Manchester Ship Canal. He was the one man who, by his indomitable energy and skill at public speaking, roused the enthusiasm of the people in Manchester for this project and he made it a really practical proposition in the face of strong opposition.
    [br]
    Principal Honours and Distinctions
    President, Institution of Civil Engineers 1887.
    President, Iron and Steel Institute 1888. Institution of Civil Engineers Bessemer Gold Medal 1887.
    Further Reading
    Obituary, Engineer 69:56.
    Obituary, Engineering 49:66–8.
    H.W.Dickinson, 1938, A Short History of the Steam Engine, Cambridge University Press (provides an illustration of Adamson's flanged seam for boilers).
    R.L.Hills, 1989, Power from Steam. A History of the Stationary Steam Engine, Cambridge University Press (covers the development of the triple-expansion engine).
    RLH

    Biographical history of technology > Adamson, Daniel

  • 34 Stephenson, Robert

    [br]
    b. 16 October 1803 Willington Quay, Northumberland, England
    d. 12 October 1859 London, England
    [br]
    English engineer who built the locomotive Rocket and constructed many important early trunk railways.
    [br]
    Robert Stephenson's father was George Stephenson, who ensured that his son was educated to obtain the theoretical knowledge he lacked himself. In 1821 Robert Stephenson assisted his father in his survey of the Stockton \& Darlington Railway and in 1822 he assisted William James in the first survey of the Liverpool \& Manchester Railway. He then went to Edinburgh University for six months, and the following year Robert Stephenson \& Co. was named after him as Managing Partner when it was formed by himself, his father and others. The firm was to build stationary engines, locomotives and railway rolling stock; in its early years it also built paper-making machinery and did general engineering.
    In 1824, however, Robert Stephenson accepted, perhaps in reaction to an excess of parental control, an invitation by a group of London speculators called the Colombian Mining Association to lead an expedition to South America to use steam power to reopen gold and silver mines. He subsequently visited North America before returning to England in 1827 to rejoin his father as an equal and again take charge of Robert Stephenson \& Co. There he set about altering the design of steam locomotives to improve both their riding and their steam-generating capacity. Lancashire Witch, completed in July 1828, was the first locomotive mounted on steel springs and had twin furnace tubes through the boiler to produce a large heating surface. Later that year Robert Stephenson \& Co. supplied the Stockton \& Darlington Railway with a wagon, mounted for the first time on springs and with outside bearings. It was to be the prototype of the standard British railway wagon. Between April and September 1829 Robert Stephenson built, not without difficulty, a multi-tubular boiler, as suggested by Henry Booth to George Stephenson, and incorporated it into the locomotive Rocket which the three men entered in the Liverpool \& Manchester Railway's Rainhill Trials in October. Rocket, was outstandingly successful and demonstrated that the long-distance steam railway was practicable.
    Robert Stephenson continued to develop the locomotive. Northumbrian, built in 1830, had for the first time, a smokebox at the front of the boiler and also the firebox built integrally with the rear of the boiler. Then in Planet, built later the same year, he adopted a layout for the working parts used earlier by steam road-coach pioneer Goldsworthy Gurney, placing the cylinders, for the first time, in a nearly horizontal position beneath the smokebox, with the connecting rods driving a cranked axle. He had evolved the definitive form for the steam locomotive.
    Also in 1830, Robert Stephenson surveyed the London \& Birmingham Railway, which was authorized by Act of Parliament in 1833. Stephenson became Engineer for construction of the 112-mile (180 km) railway, probably at that date the greatest task ever undertaken in of civil engineering. In this he was greatly assisted by G.P.Bidder, who as a child prodigy had been known as "The Calculating Boy", and the two men were to be associated in many subsequent projects. On the London \& Birmingham Railway there were long and deep cuttings to be excavated and difficult tunnels to be bored, notoriously at Kilsby. The line was opened in 1838.
    In 1837 Stephenson provided facilities for W.F. Cooke to make an experimental electrictelegraph installation at London Euston. The directors of the London \& Birmingham Railway company, however, did not accept his recommendation that they should adopt the electric telegraph and it was left to I.K. Brunel to instigate the first permanent installation, alongside the Great Western Railway. After Cooke formed the Electric Telegraph Company, Stephenson became a shareholder and was Chairman during 1857–8.
    Earlier, in the 1830s, Robert Stephenson assisted his father in advising on railways in Belgium and came to be increasingly in demand as a consultant. In 1840, however, he was almost ruined financially as a result of the collapse of the Stanhope \& Tyne Rail Road; in return for acting as Engineer-in-Chief he had unwisely accepted shares, with unlimited liability, instead of a fee.
    During the late 1840s Stephenson's greatest achievements were the design and construction of four great bridges, as part of railways for which he was responsible. The High Level Bridge over the Tyne at Newcastle and the Royal Border Bridge over the Tweed at Berwick were the links needed to complete the East Coast Route from London to Scotland. For the Chester \& Holyhead Railway to cross the Menai Strait, a bridge with spans as long-as 460 ft (140 m) was needed: Stephenson designed them as wrought-iron tubes of rectangular cross-section, through which the trains would pass, and eventually joined the spans together into a tube 1,511 ft (460 m) long from shore to shore. Extensive testing was done beforehand by shipbuilder William Fairbairn to prove the method, and as a preliminary it was first used for a 400 ft (122 m) span bridge at Conway.
    In 1847 Robert Stephenson was elected MP for Whitby, a position he held until his death, and he was one of the exhibition commissioners for the Great Exhibition of 1851. In the early 1850s he was Engineer-in-Chief for the Norwegian Trunk Railway, the first railway in Norway, and he also built the Alexandria \& Cairo Railway, the first railway in Africa. This included two tubular bridges with the railway running on top of the tubes. The railway was extended to Suez in 1858 and for several years provided a link in the route from Britain to India, until superseded by the Suez Canal, which Stephenson had opposed in Parliament. The greatest of all his tubular bridges was the Victoria Bridge across the River St Lawrence at Montreal: after inspecting the site in 1852 he was appointed Engineer-in-Chief for the bridge, which was 1 1/2 miles (2 km) long and was designed in his London offices. Sadly he, like Brunel, died young from self-imposed overwork, before the bridge was completed in 1859.
    [br]
    Principal Honours and Distinctions
    FRS 1849. President, Institution of Mechanical Engineers 1849. President, Institution of Civil Engineers 1856. Order of St Olaf (Norway). Order of Leopold (Belgium). Like his father, Robert Stephenson refused a knighthood.
    Further Reading
    L.T.C.Rolt, 1960, George and Robert Stephenson, London: Longman (a good modern biography).
    J.C.Jeaffreson, 1864, The Life of Robert Stephenson, London: Longman (the standard nine-teenth-century biography).
    M.R.Bailey, 1979, "Robert Stephenson \& Co. 1823–1829", Transactions of the Newcomen Society 50 (provides details of the early products of that company).
    J.Kieve, 1973, The Electric Telegraph, Newton Abbot: David \& Charles.
    PJGR

    Biographical history of technology > Stephenson, Robert

  • 35 increase

    [̘. ̈n.ˈɪnkri:s]
    age limit increase страх. увеличение возрастного предела appraisal increase увеличение оцениваемой стоимости capital increase прирост капитала child increase рост ребенка (в смысле взросления) considerable increase значительный рост cost increase рост стоимости cost increase увеличение стоимости deferment increase увеличение в связи с отсрочкой, рост в связи с отсрочкой (выплат и т. п.) deferred salary increase отсроченное увеличение заработной платы deferred wage increase отсроченное увеличение заработной платы demographic increase демографический рост exponential increase рост по экспоненциальному закону general rate increase (GRI) повышение общего тарифа general rate increase (GRI) повышение общей ставки heavy increase резкое увеличение increase возрастание, рост increase возрастание increase возрастать, увеличивать(ся), расти increase возрастать increase повышение increase подъем increase прибавка increase прибавление, размножение, прирост increase прибавление increase прирост increase расти increase расширение increase рост increase увеличение increase увеличиваться increase усиливать(ся) increase усиливаться increase by увеличивать на increase for a child надбавка для ребенка (напр. к пособию) increase for dependents надбавка на иждивенцев (напр. к пособию) increase in activity усиление активности increase in assets увеличение активов increase in bank lending увеличение банковской ссуды increase in capacity увеличение производственной мощности increase in capital value прирост стоимости основного капитала increase in deferred income tax увеличение отсроченного подоходного налога increase in deposits увеличение суммы вкладов increase in earning рост заработной платы increase in efficiency рост производительности increase in interest rates увеличение ставок процента increase in land value рост стоимости земли increase in lending увеличение кредитования increase in liabilities увеличение задолженности increase in liquidity рост ликвидности increase in money terms увеличение в денежном выражении increase in output рост объема производства increase in output увеличение выпуска продукции increase in percentage terms увеличение в процентном выражении increase in premium увеличение страхового взноса increase in prices повышение цен increase in production рост производства increase in protectionism усиление протекционизма increase in reserve увеличение резервного фонда increase in turnover рост товарооборота increase in value увеличение стоимости increase in value allowances увеличение скидок со стоимости increase in volume terms увеличение в объемном выражении increase in warranty reserve увеличение гарантийного резерва increase in working capital рост оборотного капитала increase of capital прирост капитала increase of equity увеличение чистой стоимости капитала за вычетом обязательств increase of exports рост экспорта increase of imports рост импорта increase of income увеличение дохода increase of indirect taxation увеличение косвенного налогообложения increase of postal rates повышение почтовых сборов increase of premium повышение страхового взноса increase of prices повышение цен increase of risk возрастание риска increase of share capital прирост акционерного капитала increase of taxation увеличение налогообложения index-linked increase индексированное повышение заработной платы index-linked payment increase индексированное увеличение платежей interest rate increase увеличение ставки процента large increase большой прирост marked increase заметный рост marked increase явный рост minimum increase минимальный прирост minute increase незначительный прирост moderate increase умеренный прирост nominal increase номинальное увеличение oil price increase повышение цены на нефть pay increase рост заработной платы pay increase увеличение заработной платы population increase естественное движение населения population increase прирост населения population increase рост численности населения price increase рост цен rate increase повышение ставки rate increase повышение тарифа rent increase повышение арендной платы rent increase рост арендной платы rent increase увеличение арендной платы salary increase рост заработной платы salary increase увеличение заработной платы sales increase увеличение сбыта shareholder value increase увеличение биржевой стоимости акции sharp increase резкое увеличение sibling increase надбавка (к пособию) на брата или сестру spouse increase увеличение (выплаты) на супругу (супруга) staff increase увеличение численности персонала steep increase резкое увеличение tax increase рост налогов twofold increase двойной прирост twofold increase увеличение в два раза value increase повышение цены value increase увеличение стоимости wage increase повышение заработной платы wage increase повышение зарплаты wage increase рост заработной платы year-on-year increase ежегодный прирост

    English-Russian short dictionary > increase

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