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121 hold
A n1 (grasp, grip) prise f ; to get hold of attraper [rope, handle] ; to keep (a) hold of ou on tenir [ball, rail, hand] ; ⇒ catch, grab, grasp, seize, take ;2 ( possession) to get hold of se procurer [book, ticket, document] ; [press] avoir vent de [story] ; découvrir [details, information] ;4 ( control) emprise f (on, over sur) ; to have a hold on ou over sb avoir de l'emprise sur qn ; to get a hold of oneself se reprendre ;7 (of hairspray, gel) fixation f ; normal/extra hold fixation normale/extra-forte.1 ( clasp) tenir [object, hand, person] (above, over au-dessus de ; against contre) ; to hold sth in one's hand tenir qch à la main [brush, pencil, stick] ; ( enclosed) tenir qch dans la main [button, coin, sweet] ; to hold sth/sb by tenir qch/qn par [handle, stem, sleeve, leg] ; to hold one's stomach/head (in pain) se tenir l'estomac/la tête (à cause de la douleur) ; to hold sb (in one's arms) serrer qn dans ses bras ; to hold each other se serrer l'un contre l'autre ; can you hold my bag for me? tu peux me tenir mon sac? ;2 ( maintain) to hold one's head upright/still tenir sa tête droite/immobile ; to hold one's hands apart/still tenir ses mains écartées/immobiles ; to hold a pose/smile garder une pose/un sourire ; to hold sth in place ou position maintenir qch en place ; to hold one's speed maintenir sa vitesse ;3 ( arrange) organiser, tenir [meeting, talks] ; organiser [competition, ballot, demonstration, course, election] ; organiser, donner [party, reception] ; organiser, monter [exhibition, show] ; avoir [conversation] ; célébrer [church service] ; mener [enquiry] ; faire passer [interview] ; to be held avoir lieu ;4 ( have capacity for) [box, case, tank] (pouvoir) contenir [objects, amount] ; [theatre, room] avoir une capacité de [350 people] ; the bus holds ten (people) le bus a dix places ; to (be able to) hold one's drink ou liquor tenir l'alcool ;6 ( support) [shelf, fridge, branch, roof] supporter [weight, load, crate] ; the branch won't hold you la branche ne supportera pas ton poids ;7 ( restrain) [dam, wall] retenir, contenir [water, flood waters] ; [person] tenir [dog] ; maîtriser [thief] ; there is/there'll be no holding him fig on ne peut/pourra plus l'arrêter ;8 ( keep against will) [police, kidnappers] détenir [person] ; to hold sb prisoner/hostage garder qn prisonnier/en otage ;9 ( possess) détenir, avoir [shares, power, record, playing card] ; être titulaire de [degree, sporting title, cup] ; occuper [job, position] ; avoir, être en possession de [ticket, passport, licence] ; porter [title] ; Jur, gen [bank, computer, police, solicitor] conserver [document, information, money] ; avoir [mortgage] ;10 ( keep back) garder [place, seat, ticket] ; faire attendre [train, flight] ; mettre [qch] en attente [letter, order] ; hold it ○ ! minute ○ ! ; hold everything! arrête tout! ; two burgers, but hold the mustard! deux hamburgers, sans moutarde ;11 ( believe) avoir [opinion, belief] ; to hold sb/sth to be tenir qn/qch pour, considérer qn/qch comme ; to hold that [person] soutenir que ; [law, theory] dire que ; to hold sb liable ou responsible tenir qn pour responsable ;12 ( defend successfully) Mil tenir [territory, city, bridge] ; Pol, Sport conserver [title, seat, lead, position] ; ( in tennis) to hold one's serve ou service gagner or remporter son service ; to hold one's own [person] se défendre tout seul (against contre) ; [army] tenir bon (against devant) ;14 Telecom to hold the line patienter, rester en ligne ; can you hold the line please ne quittez pas s'il vous plaît ;15 Mus tenir [note] (for pendant) ;16 Aut to hold the road tenir la route.1 ( remain intact) [rope, shelf, bridge, dam, glue] tenir ; fig ( also hold good) [theory, offer, objection, law] tenir ;3 Telecom patienter ;4 ( remain steady) hold still! tiens-toi tranquille!1 Telecom en attente ; to put sb on hold Telecom faire patienter qn ; to put a call on hold Telecom mettre un appel en attente ;2 to put one's plan/a project on hold gen laisser ses projets/un projet en suspens.■ hold against: to hold sth against sb reprocher qch à qn ; to hold it against sb that en vouloir à qn parce que ; I don't hold it against him/them je ne lui/leur en veux pas ; your age could be held against you ton âge pourrait jouer en ta défaveur.■ hold back:▶ hold back se retenir ; to hold back from doing se retenir de faire, préférer ne pas faire ;▶ hold [sb/sth] back, hold back [sb/sth]1 ( restrain) contenir [water, tide, crowd, animals] ; retenir [hair, tears] ; retenir [person] ; refouler [feelings] ; contenir [anger] ; to hold back one's laughter se retenir or s'empêcher de rire ;2 ( prevent progress of) ( involuntarily) [person] retarder [person, group] ; ( deliberately) [person] retenir [person] ; [background, poor education] gêner [person] ; entraver [production, progress, development] ;3 ( withhold) [person, government, organization] cacher [information, result] ; ( to protect privacy) tenir [qch] secret, ne pas divulguer [name, information, identity] ; [person, company] différer [payment].■ hold down:▶ hold [sb/sth] down, hold down [sb/sth]1 ( prevent from moving) maintenir [qch] en place [tent, carpet, piece of paper] ; tenir, maîtriser [person] ;2 ( press down) appuyer sur [pedal, key] ;3 ( keep at certain level) limiter [number, rate, expenditure, costs, inflation] ; limiter l'augmentation de [wages, taxes, prices] ;■ hold in:▶ hold [sth] in, hold in [sth]1 ( restrain) réprimer, contenir [feeling, anger, disappointment] ;2 ( pull in) rentrer [stomach, buttocks].■ hold off:▶ hold off [enemy] accorder un répit ; [creditors] accorder un délai ; I hope the rain holds off j'espère qu'il ne pleuvra pas ; the rain held off until after the match il s'est mis à pleuvoir après le match ; to hold off buying/making a decision reporter l'achat/la décision à plus tard ; he held off leaving until the weekend il a reporté son départ au week-end ;▶ hold [sb] off, hold off [sb] tenir [qn] à distance [enemy, creditor, journalists] ; faire patienter [client] ;▶ hold [sth] off repousser [attack].■ hold on:▶ hold on1 ( wait) gen attendre ; Telecom patienter ; ‘hold on, I'll just get him’ ( on telephone) ‘ne quittez pas, je vais le chercher’ ;2 ( grip) tenir (with de, avec) ; ‘hold on (tight)!’ ‘tiens-toi (bien)!’ ;3 ( endure) [person, company] tenir ;▶ hold [sth] on [screw, glue] maintenir [qch] en place ; to be held on with sth [door, handle, wheel] être maintenu par qch.■ hold on to:▶ hold on to [sb/sth]1 ( grip) s'agripper à [branch, railing, rope] ; s'agripper à, se tenir à [person] ; ( to prevent from falling) agripper, retenir [person] ; serrer [object, purse] ; (bien) tenir [dog] ;2 ( retain) conserver [power, title, lead] ; garder [shares, car] ; to hold on to one's dreams fig s'accrocher à ses rêves ; to hold on to one's ou the belief that persister à croire que ;3 ( look after) garder [object] (for pour).■ hold out:▶ hold out1 ( endure) tenir le coup, tenir bon ; to hold out against tenir bon devant [enemy, changes, threat] ;2 ( remain available) [supplies, food, stocks] durer ;▶ hold [sth] out, holdout [sth] tendre [glass, money, ticket] (to à) ; to hold out one's hand/leg tendre la main/la jambe ;▶ hold out [sth] garder, conserver [hope] ; I don't hold out much hope je ne me fais guère d'illusions, je n'ai plus beaucoup d'espoir ; they don't hold out much hope of finding him ils ont perdu presque tout espoir de le retrouver ; to hold out for insister pour obtenir [pay rise, increase] ; to hold out on sb ○ cacher des choses à qn ; they know something, but they're holding out on us ils sont au courant mais ils nous cachent quelque chose.■ hold over:▶ hold [sth] over, hold over [sth]1 ( postpone) ajourner [question, programme] ;■ hold to:▶ hold to [sth] s'en tenir à [belief, opinion, decision] ;▶ hold sb to [sth] faire tenir [qch] à qn [promise] ; faire honorer [qch] à qn [contract, offer] ; I'll hold you to that! je note!, je m'en souviendrai!1 ( not break) [car, shoes, chair] tenir ;▶ hold [sth] together1 ( keep intact) faire tenir [car, machine, chair] ; maintenir ensemble [papers, pieces] ; to be held together with sth tenir avec qch ;2 ( unite) assurer la cohésion de [company, party, government] ; my mother held the family together la famille est restée unie grâce à ma mère.■ hold up:▶ hold up2 ( remain valid) [theory, argument] tenir ;▶ hold [sb/sth] up, hold up [sb/sth]1 ( support) soutenir [shelf, picture] ; tenir [trousers, stockings] ; to be held up by ou with sth tenir avec qch ;3 ( display) to hold sb/sth up as an example ou model of présenter qn/ qch comme un exemple de ; to hold sb up to ridicule tourner qn en ridicule, ridiculiser qn ;4 ( delay) retarder [person, flight] ; ralentir [production, traffic] ; arrêter, interrompre [procession] ;5 ( rob) attaquer [train, bank, person].■ hold with: not to hold with ne pas être d'accord avec [idea, system] ; être contre [television, imitations etc] ; he doesn't hold with teaching children French il est contre le fait qu'on enseigne le français aux enfants. -
122 sostener
v.1 to support, to hold up.sostenme esto, por favor hold this for me, pleaseLa columna sostiene la pared The column supports the wall.Elsa sostiene la verdad Elsa sustains=adduces the truth.2 to defend (defender) (idea, opinión, tesis).sostener que… to maintain that…3 to support.4 to hold, to have (tener) (conversación).sostener correspondencia con alguien to correspond with somebody5 to sustain.La organización sostiene a María The organization sustains Mary.6 to maintain to.Ella sostiene tener crédito She maintains to have a credit.7 to claim to, to hold to.Elsa sostiene la verdad Elsa sustains=adduces the truth.Ella sostuvo ser la heredera She claimed to be the heiress.* * *1 (mantener firme) to support, hold up2 (sujetar) to hold4 figurado (soportar) to endure, bear, put up with5 figurado (defender) to defend, uphold7 figurado (alimentar) to support, keep8 figurado (velocidad, correspondencia, relación, etc) to keep up, maintain1 (mantenerse) to support oneself; (de pie) to stand up2 (permanecer) to stay, remain\sostener la palabra figurado to keep one's wordsostener una conversación figurado to hold a conversationsostener la mirada a alguien figurado to stare somebody out* * *verb1) to support2) hold3) defend, uphold4) maintain, sustain•* * *1. VT1) (=sujetar)a) [en las manos, los brazos] to hold¡sostén esto un momentito! — hold this a minute!
yo llevaba las cajas mientras él me sostenía la puerta — I carried the boxes while he held the door open for me
b) [en pie] [+ construcción, edificio, techo] to hold up, supportlos pilares que sostienen el puente — the pillars which hold up o support the bridge
las piernas apenas me sostenían — my legs could barely hold me up o support me
entró borracho, sostenido por dos amigos — he came in drunk, held up o supported by two friends
c) (=soportar) [+ peso, carga] to bear, carry, sustain frm2) (=proporcionar apoyo a)a) [económicamente] to supportalgunas de las alternativas sugeridas para sostener al club — some of the alternatives suggested to keep the club going
b) (=alimentar) to support, sustain frmla tierra no da para sostener a todo el mundo — the land does not provide enough to support o frm sustain everyone
c) [moralmente] to supportuna mayoría capaz de sostener al Gobierno — a majority large enough to keep o support the government in power
3) (=mantener)a) [+ opinión] to holdsostiene un punto de vista muy diferente — he has o holds a very different point of view
no tiene datos suficientes para sostener esa afirmación — she doesn't have enough information to back up o support that statement
la investigación no ha terminado, como sostiene el juez — the investigation has not concluded, as the judge maintains o holds
sigue sosteniendo que es inocente — she still maintains o holds that she is innocent
b) [+ situación] to maintain, keep upno podrán sostener su puesto en la clasificación — they won't be able to maintain o keep up their place in the ranking
los campesinos han sostenido desde siempre una fuerte lucha con el medio — country people have always kept up o carried on a hard struggle against the environment
•
sostener la mirada de algn — to hold sb's gaze4) (=tener) [+ conversación, enfrentamiento, polémica] to have[+ reunión, audiencia]sostuvo recientemente un enfrentamiento con el presidente — he recently had a clash with the president
5) (Mús) [+ nota] to hold, sustain2.See:* * *1.verbo transitivo1) ( apoyar)a) <estructura/techo> to hold up, support; <carga/peso> to beartenían que sostenerlo los dos — it needed both of them to support him o hold him up o prop him up
b) ( en un estado) to keep2) (sujetar, tener cogido) < paquete> to holdno tengas miedo, yo te sostengo — don't be afraid, I've got you o I'm holding you
3) <conversación/relación/reunión> to have4)a) ( opinar) to holdyo siempre he sostenido que... — I have always maintained o held that...
b) <argumento/afirmación> to support, back up5)a) <lucha/ritmo/resistencia> to keep up, sustainb) (Mús) < nota> to hold, sustain2.sostenerse v pron1)a) ( no caerse)b) ( en un estado) to remainse sostuvo en el poder — she managed to stay o remain in power
2) ( mantenerse)se sostiene a base de leche — she lives on o survives on milk
* * *1.verbo transitivo1) ( apoyar)a) <estructura/techo> to hold up, support; <carga/peso> to beartenían que sostenerlo los dos — it needed both of them to support him o hold him up o prop him up
b) ( en un estado) to keep2) (sujetar, tener cogido) < paquete> to holdno tengas miedo, yo te sostengo — don't be afraid, I've got you o I'm holding you
3) <conversación/relación/reunión> to have4)a) ( opinar) to holdyo siempre he sostenido que... — I have always maintained o held that...
b) <argumento/afirmación> to support, back up5)a) <lucha/ritmo/resistencia> to keep up, sustainb) (Mús) < nota> to hold, sustain2.sostenerse v pron1)a) ( no caerse)b) ( en un estado) to remainse sostuvo en el poder — she managed to stay o remain in power
2) ( mantenerse)se sostiene a base de leche — she lives on o survives on milk
* * *sostener11 = sustain, balance, hold.Nota: Verbo irregular: pasado y participio held.Ex: Publishers in the United Stated benefit from a larger home market which serves to sustain the production of an information tool.
Ex: He lifted about five lines from the top of the nearest page on a setting rule and balanced it on his left hand, with the face of the letter towards him and the last line uppermost.Ex: If the search is made with a call number, a summary of copies with that call number which are held by the library is first displayed.sostener22 = be + Posesivo + contention, contend, submit, uphold, underpin, hold, maintain.Ex: It is our contention that an understanding of such basic principles is fundamental to an appreciation of the many and varied contexts that the individual is likely to encounter.
Ex: The author contends that it is possible to view the search conducted with the aid of a series of menus as having strong similarities with the search through the hierarchy of a enumerative classification scheme.Ex: I submit that no ordinary, right-minded library user who is looking for Western Behavioral Institute is going to look under LA JOLLA, California.Ex: It's about time that we go back to these principles and make sure that the quality of cataloging is upheld.Ex: This process is underpinned by a patient-based information system which is timely, accessible and credible to all participants.Ex: Some theorists hold that one stage must be completely worked through before the next stage can be entered.Ex: They maintain, in an article written for Library Resources and Technical Services (LRTS) 'that automated cataloging systems have addressed only half of the problems of maintaining a library catalog'.* sostener la opinión = argue.* sostener una opinión = hold + view, hold + opinion.* sostener un punto de vista = assert + view, hold + point of view.* * *vtA (apoyar)1 ‹estructura/techo› to hold up, support; ‹carga/peso› to beartenían que sostenerlo los dos it needed both of them to support him o hold him o prop him up2 (en un estado) to keeplas fuerzas que lo sostuvieron en el poder the forces which kept him in powerlo único que la sostiene es la fuerza de voluntad it's sheer willpower that's keeping her going3 (sustentar) ‹familia› to support, maintainB (sujetar, tener cogido) ‹paquete› to holdno tengas miedo, yo te sostengo don't be afraid, I've got you o I'm holding you o I'll keep hold of yousostén la puerta hold the door openponte un pasador para sostener el pelo put a barrette ( AmE) o ( BrE) slide in your hair to keep it in place ( o up etc)C ‹conversación/relación/reunión› to havesostuvieron una acalorada discusión they had a heated discussionno he sostenido nunca una relación duradera I've never had a lasting relationshipla polémica que sostiene con Godoy the dispute that he and Godoy are engaged in o that he is carrying on with GodoyD1 (opinar) to holdyo siempre he sostenido que … I have always maintained o held that …2 ‹argumento/afirmación› to support, back upno tienes pruebas para sostener esa afirmación you don't have any proof to back up o support that statementE1 ‹lucha/ritmo/resistencia› to keep up, sustainla miró y ella sostuvo su mirada he looked at her and she held his gaze2 ( Mús) ‹nota› to hold, sustainA1(no caerse): la estructura se sostiene sola the structure stays up o stands up without supportestaba tan débil que apenas se sostenía en pie he was so weak that he could hardly standla planta ya no se sostiene the plant doesn't stand up on its own o can't support itself any more2 (en un estado) to remainse sostuvo en el poder a pesar de la crisis she managed to stay o remain in power despite the crisisla economía se ha sostenido firme the economy has held o stood firmse sostuvo en su negativa he kept o stuck firmly to his refusalB(sustentarse): apenas puede sostenerse con lo que gana he can hardly support himself on what he earnsse sostiene a base de zumos y de leche she lives on o survives on fruit juice and milk* * *
sostener ( conjugate sostener) verbo transitivo
1 ( apoyar)
‹carga/peso› to bear
2 (sujetar, tener cogido) ‹ paquete› to hold;◊ no tengas miedo, yo te sostengo don't be afraid, I've got you o I'm holding you
3 ‹conversación/relación/reunión› to have
4
5
sostenerse verbo pronominala) ( no caerse):
apenas se sostenía en pie he could hardly stand
sostener verbo transitivo
1 (un peso, cúpula, etc) to support, hold up
(con la mano) sosténme el paraguas un momento, hold the umbrella for me for a moment
2 fig (un derecho, etc) to uphold
(una teoría) to maintain
3 (a la familia) to support
4 (negociaciones, una conversación) to have
' sostener' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
coger
- mantener
- mirada
- sujetarse
- aguantar
- sostuve
- sujetar
- tener
English:
allege
- argue
- bolster
- contend
- hold up
- submit
- support
- sustain
- uphold
- hold
- prop
* * *♦ vt1. [sujetar] [edificio, estructura, lo que se tambalea] to support, to hold up;[objeto, puerta, bebé] to hold;cuatro columnas sostienen todo el peso de la cúpula four columns take o support the entire weight of the dome;sosténgame esto, por favor hold this for me, please;si no nos llegan a sostener nos hubiéramos peleado if they hadn't held us back, we'd have started fighting;sólo les sostiene su inquebrantable optimismo the only thing that keeps them going is their unshakeable optimism2. [dar manutención a, sustentar] to support3. [mantener] [idea, opinión, tesis] to defend;[promesa, palabra] to keep;sostienen su oferta/invitación their offer/invitation still stands;sostener que… to maintain that…4. [tener] [conversación] to have;[reunión, negociaciones] to hold, to have;sostener correspondencia con alguien to correspond with sb;durante semanas sostuvo una agria polémica he was involved in a bitter dispute which lasted several weeks5. Fig [aguantar]el corredor no podía sostener aquel ritmo de carrera the athlete couldn't keep up with the pace of the race;era una situación imposible de sostener the situation was untenable;le sostuve la mirada I held her gaze* * *I v/t1 familia support2 opinión hold* * *sostener {80} vt1) : to support, to hold up2) : to holdsostenme la puerta: hold the door for mesostener una conversación: to hold a conversation3) : to sustain, to maintain* * *sostener vb2. (aguantar) to support3. (afirmar, mantener) to maintain -
123 держать
(вн.)1) (взяв, не отпускать) hold (d)держа́ть в руке́ — hold (d) in one's hand
держа́ть кого́-л за́ руку — hold smb by the hand
его́ держа́ли за́ руки и за́ ноги — they held his arms ans legs
соба́ка держа́ла в зуба́х газе́ту — the dog held a newspaper between its teeth
держи́те его́! — hold him!
держи́(те) во́ра! — stop thief!
2) (не позволять падать, поддерживать) hold (d) up; keep (d) upребёнок не де́ржит го́лову — the baby cannot hold its head up
держа́ть це́ны (удерживать их от снижения) — keep the prices up
3) ( удерживать в каком-л месте) keep (d)держа́ть кого́-л в тюрьме́ — keep smb in prison
что вас здесь де́ржит? — what keeps you here?
4) ( сохранять в каком-л состоянии) hold (d), keep (d)держа́ть в гото́вности — keep (d) ready, hold (d) in readiness
держа́ть в та́йне — keep (d) secret
держа́ть в па́мяти — have / keep (d) in one's memory
держа́ть в подчине́нии (заставлять подчиняться себе) — hold (d) in subjection / submission; keep down (d) разг.
держа́ть в по́ле зре́ния — not to lose sight (of); keep an eye (on)
5) (сохранять за кем-л, не отдавать другим) hold (d); keep (d)держа́ть гости́ничный но́мер до 18 часо́в — hold the hotel room until 6 p.m.
держа́ть кому́-л ме́сто (в зрительном зале и т.п.) — keep a seat for smb; ( в очереди) keep smb's place in the queue [kjuː] брит. / line амер. for smb
6) ( хранить где-л) keep (d); store (d)держа́ть де́ньги в сберега́тельном ба́нке — keep one's money in the savings bank
7) (содержать, быть хозяином) keep (d)держа́ть кур [пчёл] — keep chickens [bees]
держа́ть ла́вку — keep a (small) shop
держа́ть слуг — keep servants
8) ( иметь) keep (d); have (d)держа́ть а́кции — hold shares брит. / stocks амер.
тако́й това́р мы не де́ржим — we don't keep / have such stuff
держа́ть путь (к дт.; на, в вн.) — head (for); make (for)
держа́ть курс (на вн.) — head (for)
держа́ть напра́во [нале́во] — keep to the right [left]
держа́ть чью-л сто́рону — side with smb, take smb's side
10) повелит. накл. разг. (держи́(те)!) (возьми, возьмите) here!, take it!11) разг. (за вн.; считать кем-л) take (d for)за кого́ они́ нас де́ржат? — who do they take us for?, do they take us for fools?
••держа́ть себя́ — behave ( in some manner)
держа́ть себя́ в рука́х — control oneself
держа́ть кого́-л в рука́х — hold / have smb (well) in hand, have smb under control
держа́ть ма́рку / фасо́н разг. — live up to one's reputation
держа́ть (своё) сло́во — keep one's word; be as good as one's word
держа́ть язы́к за зуба́ми — hold one's tongue
держи́те меня́! разг. шутл. — don't let me fall from laughter! ( said in disbelief or mockery)
высоко́ держа́ть го́лову (не поддаваться трудностям) — hold one's head high
так держа́ть! — 1) мор. steady ['ste-] (as you go)! 2) ( выражение одобрения) keep it up!, stay on course!
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124 contineō
contineō tinuī, tentus, ēre [com-+teneo], to hold together, bound, limit, comprise, enclose, surround, environ: ut trabes artē contineantur, Cs.: oppidum pons continebat, made a connection with, Cs.: hiberna milibus passuum C continebantur, were comprised within, Cs.: loci naturā continentur, are shut in, Cs.: artes inter se continentur, hang together: Zonarum trium contentus fine, O. —To keep together, keep in a body: uno in loco legiones, Cs.: navīs ibi, Cs.: exercitum, L.—To shut in, hem in, surround, hold: munitionibus contineri, Cs.: angustissime Pompeium, Cs.—To hold fast, keep, hold in place, retain: quod recepit: merces (opp. partiri): (naves) copulis continebantur, Cs.: parta a maioribus, Ta.—To keep, detain, shut in, hold, restrain, repress: manūs, keep hands off, T.: unde manum continuit? H.: sub pellibus milites, Cs.: nostros in castris, Cs.: ora frenis, Ph.: ventos carcere, O.: animam in dicendo: se domi, to stay: suo se loco, Cs.: agricolam si continet imber, keeps in doors, V.: suis intra munitionem, Cs.: alqm dextrā prehensum, V.: deprensum hostem, O.: gradum, to halt, V. — To comprise, contain, comprehend: in se vim caloris: genitalia corpora mundus, O.—Fig., to hold together, keep, retain: rem p.: Belgas in officio, Cs.: ceteros in armis, L.: eius hospitio contineri, N.—To hold back, detain, repress, check, curb, stay, stop, subdue: adpetitiones animi: insolentiam suam: Etruriam terrore, L.: animum a consuetā libidine, S.: hos flumina continebant, Cs.: manum iuventus Metu deorum, H.: se male, O.: vix me contineo, quin, etc., T.: non posse milites contineri, quin, etc., Cs.: vix contineor, refrain, T.: Quae vera audivi, keep to myself, T.: libros, keep back: odia tacitis nunc discordiis continentur, are confined within the limits of.—To comprehend, embrace, include, comprise: liber continet res gestas regum, N.: (comitia) rem militarem continent (i. e. in their jurisdiction), L.: fabula continet aestūs, H.: quo more caerimonia continetur, consists, Cs.: quae maxime rem continerent, the principal points, L.: forum, in quo aequitas continetur.* * *continere, continui, contentus V TRANSsecure, maintain, sustain; fasten/hold in position; retain, keep safe, preserve; hinder, contain/shut in/confine; stay; restrain/hold back; comprise/form basis; keep/hold/hang together/fast; surround, enclose, contain, limit; concentrate -
125 усидеть
совер.;
без доп.
1) keep one's place/seat;
(остаться сидеть) remain sitting трудно было усидеть на месте ≈ it was hard to keep one's place/swat он не усидит ни минутки ≈ he can't keep still( for a minute) едва усидел от боли ≈ could hardly bear/stand the pain
2) разг. (съесть, выпить до конца) cat up, knock back -
126 φυλάσσω
Aφυλασσέμεναι Il.10.312
, 419; poet. [tense] impf.φύλασσε Pi.Pae.6.91
: [tense] fut.φυλάξω Od.22.195
, etc.: [tense] aor. ἐφύλαξα, [dialect] Ep.φύλ- Il.16.686
, etc.: [tense] pf.πεφύλᾰχα Ath.10.408f
, ([etym.] δια-) X.Cyr.8.6.3 (- πεφυλακ- codd.), Din.1.9 (- πεφυλακ- codd.), ([etym.] παρα-) Pl.Lg. 632a; , Arg.E.Med. ( πεφυλακέναι and πεφυκέναι codd.):—[voice] Med., [tense] fut. , S.El. 1012, Ar. Ec. 831, etc.; also in pass. sense, S.Ph.48, X.Oec.4.9: [tense] aor.ἐφυλαξάμην Hdt.7.130
(v.l.), Antipho3.4.7, etc.:—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut.- αχθήσομαι D.H.Rh.5.6
, Gal.1.426: [tense] aor.ἐφυλάχθην Luc.Pisc.15
: [tense] pf.πεφύλαγμαι E.Fr.472.19
(anap.), cf. infr. c. 1, Lib.Or.54.74 (in pass. sense); imper., only in med. sense in early writers, , Orac. ap. Hdt.7.148; part., Il.23.343, etc.A abs., keep watch and ward, keep guard, esp. by night, ;οὐδ' ἐθέλουσι νύκτα φυλασσέμεναι Il.10.312
, cf. 419, 421; , cf. 22.195; ([voice] Med., v. infr. c);σὺν κυσὶ.. φυλάσσοντας περὶ μῆλα Il.12.303
;αὐτοῦ φ. A.Eu. 243
;τὴν μὲν ἡμέραν κατὰ διαδοχὴν φ. τὴν δὲ νύκτα καὶ ξύμπαντες Th.7.28
;ἐφύλαττον περὶ τὰ βασίλεια X.Cyr.7.5.68
;οἱ φυλάττοντες Isoc.10.34
; φ. τοῖς Ἀθηναίοις keep watch for.., Th.7.53;κατὰ θάλατταν ἐφύλαττεν ὅπως μηδὲν εἰσπλέοι X.HG2.4.29
; φ. ἕως .. watch or wait till.., Lys.1.15; φ. πηνίκα .. D.18.308: c. acc. cogn.,φυλακὰς φ. X.An.2.6.10
, Ev.Luc. 2.8.2 to be on one's guard, And.1.135.B trans., watch, guard, defend,ἀθανάτων ὅστις σε φυλάσσει Od.15.35
, cf. Il.10.417, al.; σύας, μῆλα, Od.17.593, 12.136;τὴν ἑωυτῶν Hdt.8.46
;πόλιν φ. A.Th. 136
(lyr.), IG12.108.46; ;σε φυλάττοι Ζεύς Ar.Eq. 499
(anap.);βρέτας ἧσαι φυλάσσων A.Eu. 440
; φ. τινὰ ἀπὸ τῶν δυσχωριῶν guard one from.. X.Cyr.1.4.7 (but τὴν γραῦν φ. ἀπὸ τῶν κεραμίων keep away from.., Men.Sam. 87): c. acc. et inf., ;ὁ νόμος φ. μὴ ἅπτεσθαι Pl.Lg. 838b
;φ. μηδένα περαιοῦσθαι Th. 7.17
;φ. τὸ μηδὲν ἐναντίον γενέσθαι D.18.313
: folld. by a relat. clause,φ. ἑαυτὸν ὅπως μὴ ἀδικήσει Pl.Grg. 480a
;φύλαττέ με μὴ παρακρούσωμαί σε Id.Cra. 393c
; φ. τινά, εἰ .. Id.Smp. 220d:—[voice] Pass., to be watched, kept under guard, Hdt.3.45, X.An.6.4.27.2 watch for, lie in wait or ambush for, ;νόστον φ. Il.2.251
; φ. τὸ σύμβολον look out for the signal-fire, A.Ag.8;τοὺς πολεμίους X.Lac. 12.2
;φ. τοὺς παράνομα γράφοντας D.58.34
; keep a watch on, [ τινα] Lys.1.6;τοὺς παραβαίνοντας Arist.Pol. 1289a19
.b esp. watch, wait for, observe an appointed time or a fixed event,τὴν κνρίην τῶν ἡμερέων Hdt.1.48
;φ. τὴν ἡμέραν Antipho 6.37
; φυλάξαντες νύκτα wait for night, Th.2.3;φυλάσσουσι γραφόμενοι τὸ ἀποβαῖνον Hdt.2.82
;τοὺς ἐτησίας D.4.31
: with a part. added, :φ. Ξέρξην.. δεῖπνον προτιθέμενον Id.9.110
; ἀριστοποιουμένους φ. τοὺς στρατιώταςD 23.165: folld. by a relat. clause, φ. ὅ τι χρήσεται .. Hdt.5.12.3 metaph., preserve, maintain, cherish, [ χόλον] Il.16.30;αἰδῶ καὶ φιλότητα 24.111
;ὅρκια 3.280
; φ. ἔπος observe a command, 16.686;φ. ῥῆμα Pi.I.2.9
;τελετάς Id.O.3.41
; ;τοὺς νόμους Pl. Plt. 292a
, cf. Grg. 461d, etc.;τὸ σὸν πιστόν S.OC 626
;τὰς συνθήκας Isoc.17.20
;τὰ τοῦ γάμου δίκαια POxy.905.9
(ii A. D.);λόγον πρός τινα PFlor.56.21
(iii A. D., [voice] Pass.);φ. σιγήν E.IA 542
; οὐ γὰρ ἀπειλὰς ὑμετέρας ἐφύλαξα I regarded not your threats, Call.Del. 204; φ. σκαιοσύναν cling to it, foster it, S.OC 1213 (lyr.); ;φ. τῇ μνήμῃ τὰ λεχθέντα Pl.Lg. 783c
; φ. τὸν θυμόν ib. 867a;τὴν τιμωρίαν D.21.40
;φ. καὶ ταμιεύειν πάντα τινί Lys.19.40
;τὸ μέρος τοῖς θεοῖς X.An.5.3.4
; τἀγαθά, opp. κτήσασθαι, D.1.23;μᾶλα ἐν κόλποισι Theoc.2.120
, cf. 7.64;εἰ μὴ φυλάσσεις μίκρ', ἀπολεῖς τὰ μείζονα Men. Mon. 172
; ἀθάνατον ἔχθραν μὴ φύλαττε ib.4: with a predic. added,φ. τινά δεδεμένον Antipho 5.47
;ἀδέκαστον φ. τὴν διάνοιαν D.H.Th. 34
;ἀκύμααντον τὸ πέλαγος Luc.DMar.5.1
:—[voice] Pass., ὅσος παρ' ὑμῖν ὁ φθόνος φυλάττεται is fostered by.., S.OT 382.5 notice, observe, Ath.l.c.7 c. acc., beware of, avoid,ἅπαντα ταῦτα φυλάττειν κελεύει Gal.18(2).791
.8 φ. μὴ c. subj., take care lest.. E.IA 145 (anap.), Pl.Tht. 154d; φ. ἐμὲ καὶ τηρεῖν ὅπως μή .. D.18.276.9 [voice] Med., φυλάξασθε τοῦ ἀγαπᾶν Κύριον be careful to.., LXXJo.23.11.C [voice] Med.,I abs., to be on one's guard, keep watch, Ar.Ec. 769; used by Hom. only in part.,νύκτα φυλασσομένοισι Il.10.188
; πεφυλαγμένος εἶναι to be cautious, prudent, 23.343, cf. X.HG7.5.9; with caution,Id.
Cyr.5.2.30, cf. Cyn.10.10.2 c. acc., keep a thing by one, bear it in mind or memory, Hes. Op. 263, 561; more fully, ἐν θυμῷ δ' εὖ πάντα φυλάσσεο ib. 491; , cf. Pi.O.7.40;τὰ λελεγμένα S.El. 1012
.4 c. gen., φυλάσσεσθαι τῶν νεῶν μὴ ξυντρίψωσιν act cautiously with regard to the ships, Th.4.11; beware of,τῶν εὖ φύλαξαι S.OC 161
(lyr.);Ἄρκτοι πεφυλαγμέναι ὠκεανοῖο Arat.48
;πεφύλαξο παντοίων ἀνέμων Id.930
.II φυλάσσεσθαί τι or τινα to beware of, be on one's guard against, avoid a thing or person, Sapph.27, etc.:ταῦτα Hdt.1.108
, 7.130, cf. Ar.Ra.4; τινας A.Pr. 715, 804; ;τέττιξ ποιμένας.. πεφυλαγμένος Theoc.16.95
.b ἐφυλαξάμην διαλέκτους I put in as a precaution 'except in dialects', Hdn.Gr.2.932.3 c. inf.,φυλάξομαι δὲ τάσδε μεμνῆσθαι.. ἐφετμάς A.Supp. 205
, cf. Ocell.4.13;φ. μηδὲν ἐξαμαρτεῖν Hdt.1.108
, cf. D.25.11;φ. μηδένα βαλεῖν Antipho3.4.7
; but also withoutμή, ἵνα.. τις ὕστερον φυλάσσηται ἐπὶ γῆν τὴν σὴν στρατεύεσθαι Hdt.7.5
;φ. τὸ λυπῆσαι D.18.258
;φ. ὁρᾶσθαι Arist.HA 611a28
, cf. D.H.1.70; :—two constructions joined,δισσὰ γὰρ φυλάσσεται [ψυχή], φίλων τε μέμψιν κἀς θεοὺς ἁμαρτάνειν S.Fr. 472
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > φυλάσσω
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127 держать в узде
1) General subject: (кого-л.) have a cinch on, keep (smb.) on a tight rein, keep a tight rein, rein, restrain, (кого-л.) have a cinch on, (кого-л.) keep in his place, (кого-л.) ride on the snaffle, tighten the reins, ride on the snaffle (кого-л.), keep a tight rein on (строго контролировать, кого-л.), keep a lid on, keep in check, (строгости) keep in line2) Literal: hold in leash3) Makarov: have in leash, keep in leash -
128 запазя
запа̀зя,запа̀звам гл.1. ( задържам, съхранявам) keep, preserve, retain, save; ( продукти) preserve; ( място, легло и пр.) reserve, book; ( ред и пр.) maintain; ( тайна) keep; ( работа, пост и пр.) hold down; \запазя в паметта си retain/keep in o.’s memory; \запазя за спомен keep as a souvenir; \запазя здравето си preserve o.’s health; \запазя мнозинството си (за партия и пр.) retain majority; \запазя поданството си hold on to/retain o.’s citizenship; \запазя присъствие на духа keep o.’s presence of mind; \запазя реда си keep o.’s place; \запазя си правото (да) reserve the right (to); \запазя хубавата си фигура/хубостта си keep o.’s figure/o.’s looks;2. ( закрилям) guard (от from, against), protect (from), defend, shield (against); \запазя мира safeguard peace;\запазя се keep; remain; (за човек) be (well) preserved.
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