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  • 41 Renard, Charles

    SUBJECT AREA: Aerospace
    [br]
    b. 23 November 1847 Damblain, Vosges, France
    d. 13 April 1905 Chalais-Meudon, France
    [br]
    French pioneer of military aeronautics who, with A.C.Krebs, built an airship powered by an electric motor.
    [br]
    Charles Renard was a French army officer with an interest in aviation. In 1873 he constructed an unusual unmanned glider with ten wings and an automatic stabilizing device to control rolling. This operated by means of a pendulum device linked to moving control surfaces. The model was launched from a tower near Arras, but unfortunately it spiralled into the ground. The control surfaces could not cope with the basic instability of the design, but as an idea for automatic flight control it was ahead of its time.
    Following a Commission report on the military use of balloons, carrier pigeons and an optical telegraph, an aeronautical establishment was set up in 1877 at Chalais-Meudon, near Paris, under the direction of Charles Renard, who was assisted by his brother Paul. The following year Renard and a colleague, Arthur Krebs, began to plan an airship. They received financial help from Léon Gambetta, a prominent politician who had escaped from Paris by balloon in 1870 during the siege by the Prussians. Renard and Krebs studied earlier airship designs: they used the outside shape of Paul Haenlein's gas-engined airship of 1872 and included Meusnier's internal air-filled ballonnets. The gas-engine had not been a success so they decided on an electric motor. Renard developed lightweight pile batteries while Krebs designed a motor, although this was later replaced by a more powerful Gramme motor of 6.5 kW (9 hp). La France was constructed at Chalais-Meudon and, after a two-month wait for calm conditions, the airship finally ascended on 9 August 1884. The motor was switched on and the flight began. Renard and Krebs found their airship handled well and after twenty-three minutes they landed back at their base. La, France made several successful flights, but its speed of only 24 km/h (15 mph) meant that flights could be made only in calm weather. Parts of La, France, including the electric motor, are preserved in the Musée de l'Air in Paris.
    Renard remained in charge of the establishment at Chalais-Meudon until his death. Among other things, he developed the "Train Renard", a train of articulated road vehicles for military and civil use, of which a number were built between 1903 and 1911. Towards the end of his life Renard became interested in helicopters, and in 1904 he built a large twin-rotor model which, however, failed to take off.
    [br]
    Bibliography
    1886, Le Ballon dirigeable La France, Paris (a description of the airship).
    Further Reading
    Descriptions of Renard and Kreb's airship are given in most books on the history of lighter-than-air flight, e.g.
    L.T.C.Rolt, 1966, The Aeronauts, London; pub. in paperback 1985.
    C.Bailleux, c. 1988, Association pour l'Histoire de l'Electricité en France, (a detailed account of the conception and operations of La France).
    1977, Centenaire de la recherche aéronautique à Chalais-Meudon, Paris (an official memoir on the work of Chalais-Meudon with a chapter on Renard).
    JDS

    Biographical history of technology > Renard, Charles

  • 42 terraza

    f.
    1 balcony.
    2 terrace, patio.
    3 terrace roof (azotea).
    4 terrace (bancal).
    * * *
    1 (balcón) terrace, balcony
    2 (azotea) roof terrace, terrace
    3 (de un café) terrace
    * * *
    noun f.
    * * *
    SF
    1) (Arquit) (=balcón) balcony; (=azotea) flat roof, terrace
    2) (=café) pavement café
    3) (Agr) terrace
    4) [en jardín] flowerbed, border
    5) (Culin) (=jarro) two-handled glazed jar
    6) * (=cabeza) nut *, noggin (EEUU) *, bonce *
    * * *
    1)
    a) ( balcón) balcony
    b) ( azotea) terrace
    2) (Agr) terrace
    * * *
    = terrace, rooftop terrace, roof terrace, patio, street terrace.
    Ex. For such designs he introduced many features from early English gardens -- raised flower beds, terraces, and trellis work.
    Ex. The rooftop terrace is a grand belvedere, with views of the bay and the surrounding mountains.
    Ex. Roof terraces are increasingly common as urban dwellers seek to make the most of outside space.
    Ex. Many customers are showing more interest in getting a patio for their garden in recent years.
    Ex. What we found was a bar with a street terrace that wouldn't have been out of place in Paris.
    ----
    * bar con terraza = curbside cafe, kerbside cafe, terrace bar.
    * cafetería con terraza = kerbside cafe.
    * terraza ajardinada = roof garden.
    * * *
    1)
    a) ( balcón) balcony
    b) ( azotea) terrace
    2) (Agr) terrace
    * * *
    = terrace, rooftop terrace, roof terrace, patio, street terrace.

    Ex: For such designs he introduced many features from early English gardens -- raised flower beds, terraces, and trellis work.

    Ex: The rooftop terrace is a grand belvedere, with views of the bay and the surrounding mountains.
    Ex: Roof terraces are increasingly common as urban dwellers seek to make the most of outside space.
    Ex: Many customers are showing more interest in getting a patio for their garden in recent years.
    Ex: What we found was a bar with a street terrace that wouldn't have been out of place in Paris.
    * bar con terraza = curbside cafe, kerbside cafe, terrace bar.
    * cafetería con terraza = kerbside cafe.
    * terraza ajardinada = roof garden.

    * * *
    terraza (↑ terraza a1)
    A
    1 (balcón) balcony
    2 (azotea) flat roof, terrace
    sentémonos en la terraza let's sit outside
    B ( Agr) terrace
    In Spain, an area outside a bar, café, or restaurant to sit and have a drink, or eat in the open air. Some terrazas are very trendy and popular among young people going out in the evening. These can be very large, open until late at night, and may even have music.
    * * *

     

    terraza sustantivo femenino




    d) (Agr) terrace

    terraza sustantivo femenino
    1 (azotea) flat roof
    (balcón grande, mirador) balcony, terrace
    2 (de un bar, café) terrace, pavement café, US sidewalk café
    3 Agr terrace
    ' terraza' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    amiga
    - amigo
    - descolgar
    - sombrilla
    - descubierto
    - mirar
    - toldo
    English:
    balcony
    - flagstone
    - porch
    - terrace
    - deck
    - roof
    * * *
    1. [balcón] balcony
    terraza cerrada glazed balcony
    2. [de café] terrace;
    la gente sentada en las terrazas de verano the people sitting out in the pavement cafés
    3. [bancal] terrace;
    cultivo en terrazas terrace farming
    4. [azotea] terrace roof
    5. Fam [cabeza] nut
    * * *
    f
    1 terrace
    2 ( balcón) balcony
    3 ( café) sidewalk café, Br
    pavement café
    * * *
    1) : terrace, veranda
    2) : balcony (in a theater)
    3) : terrace (in agriculture)
    * * *
    1. (en general) terrace
    en verano, la gente se sienta en las terrazas people sit on the terrace in summer
    2. (azotea) flat roof

    Spanish-English dictionary > terraza

  • 43 λόγος

    λόγος, ὁ, verbal noun of λέγω (B), with senses corresponding to λέγω (B) II and III (on the various senses of the word v. Theo Sm.pp.72,73 H., An.Ox.4.327): common in all periods in Prose and Verse, exc. Epic, in which it is found in signf. derived from λέγω (B) 111, cf.infr. VI. 1 a:
    I computation, reckoning (cf. λέγω (B) II).
    1 account of money handled,

    σανίδες εἰς ἃς τὸν λ. ἀναγράφομεν IG12.374.191

    ; ἐδίδοσαν τὸν λ. ib.232.2;

    λ. δώσεις τῶν μετεχείρισας χρημάτων Hdt.3.142

    , cf. 143;

    οὔτε χρήματα διαχειρίσας τῆς πόλεως δίδωμι λ. αὐτῶν οὔτε ἀρχὴν ἄρξας οὐδεμίαν εὐθύνας ὑπέχω νῦν αὐτῆς Lys.24.26

    ;

    λ. ἀπενεγκεῖν Arist.Ath.54.1

    ;

    ἐν ταῖς εὐθύναις τοῦ τοιούτου λ. ὑπεχέτω Pl.Lg. 774b

    ;

    τὸν τῶν χρημάτων λ. παρὰ τούτων λαμβάνειν D.8.47

    ;

    ἀδικήματα εἰς ἀργυρίου λ. ἀνήκοντα Din.1.60

    ; συνᾶραι λόγον μετά τινος settle accounts with, Ev.Matt.18.23, etc.; δεύτεροι λ. a second audit, Cod.Just.1.4.26.1; ὁ τραπεζιτικὸς λ. banking account, Theo Sm.p.73 H.: metaph.,

    οὐκ ἂν πριαίμην οὐδενὸς λ. βροτόν S.Aj. 477

    .
    b public accounts, i. e. branch of treasury, ἴδιος λ., in Egypt, OGI188.2, 189.3, 669.38; also as title of treasurer, ib.408.4, Str.17.1.12;

    ὁ ἐπὶ τῶν λ. IPE2.29

     A ([place name] Panticapaeum); δημόσιος λ., = Lat. fiscus, OGI669.21 (Egypt, i A.D.), etc. (but later, = aerarium, Cod.Just.1.5.15); also

    Καίσαρος λ. OGI669.30

    ; κυριακὸς λ. ib.18.
    2 generally, account, reckoning, μὴ φῦναι τὸν ἅπαντα νικᾷ λ. excels the whole account, i.e. is best of all, S.OC 1225 (lyr.); δόντας λ. τῶν ἐποίησαν accounting for, i.e. paying the penalty for their doings, Hdt.8.100;

    λ. αἰτεῖν Pl.Plt. 285e

    ;

    λ. δοῦναι καὶ δέξασθαι Id.Prt. 336c

    , al.;

    λαμβάνειν λ. καὶ ἐλέγχειν Id.Men. 75d

    ;

    παρασχεῖν τῶν εἰρημένων λ. Id.R. 344d

    ;

    λ. ἀπαιτεῖν D.30.15

    , cf. Arist. EN 1104a3; λ. ὑπέχειν, δοῦναι, D.19.95;

    λ. ἐγγράψαι Id.24.199

    , al.;

    λ. ἀποφέρειν τῇ πόλει Aeschin.3.22

    , cf. Eu. Luc.16.2, Ep.Hebr.13.17;

    τὸ παράδοξον τῶν συμβεβηκότων ὑπὸ λόγον ἄγειν Plb.15.34.2

    ; λ. ἡ ἐπιστήμη, πολλὰ δὲ ὁ λ. the account is manifold, Plot.6.9.4; ἔχων λόγον τοῦ διὰ τί an account of the cause, Arist.APo. 74b27; ἐς λ. τινός on account of,

    ἐς χρημάτων λ. Th.3.46

    , cf. Plb.5.89.6, LXX 2 Ma1.14, JRS 18.152 ([place name] Jerash); λόγῳ c. gen., by way of, Cod.Just.3.2.5. al.; κατὰ λόγον τοῦ μεγέθους if we take into account his size, Arist.HA 517b27;

    πρὸς ὃν ἡμῖν ὁ λ. Ep.Hebr.4.13

    , cf. D.Chr.31.123.
    3 measure, tale (cf. infr. 11.1),

    θάλασσα.. μετρέεται ἐς τὸν αὐτὸν λ. ὁκοῖος πρόσθεν Heraclit.31

    ;

    ψυχῆς ἐστι λ. ἑαυτὸν αὔξων Id.115

    ; ἐς τούτου (sc. γήραος) λ. οὐ πολλοί τινες ἀπικνέονται to the point of old age, Hdt.3.99, cf.7.9.β; ὁ ξύμπας λ. the full tale, Th.7.56, cf. Ep.Phil.4.15; κοινῷ λ. νομίσαντα common measure, Pl.Lg. 746e; sum, total of expenditure, IG42(1).103.151 (Epid., iv B.C.); ὁ τῆς οὐσίας λ., = Lat. patrimonii modus, Cod.Just.1.5.12.20.
    4 esteem, consideration, value put on a person or thing (cf. infr. VI. 2 d), οὗ πλείων λ. ἢ τῶν ἄλλων who is of more worth than all the rest, Heraclit.39; βροτῶν λ. οὐκ ἔσχεν οὐδέν' A.Pr. 233;

    οὐ σμικροῦ λ. S.OC 1163

    : freq. in Hdt.,

    Μαρδονίου λ. οὐδεὶς γίνεται 8.102

    ;

    τῶν ἦν ἐλάχιστος ἀπολλυμένων λ. 4.135

    , cf. E.Fr.94;

    περὶ ἐμοῦ οὐδεὶς λ. Ar.Ra.87

    ; λόγου οὐδενὸς γίνεσθαι πρός τινος to be of no account, repute with.., Hdt.1.120, cf.4.138; λόγου ποιήσασθαί τινα make one of account, Id.1.33; ἐλαχίστου, πλείστου λ. εἶναι, to be highly, lowly esteemed, Id.1.143, 3.146; but also λόγον τινὸς ποιεῖσθαι, like Lat. rationem habere alicujus, make account of, set a value on, Democr.187, etc.: usu. in neg. statements,

    οὐδένα λ. ποιήσασθαί τινος Hdt.1.4

    , cf. 13, Plb.21.14.9, etc.;

    λ. ἔχειν Hdt.1.62

    , 115;

    λ. ἴσχειν περί τινος Pl.Ti. 87c

    ;

    λ. ἔχειν περὶ τοὺς ποιητάς Lycurg.107

    ;

    λ. ἔχειν τινός D.18.199

    , Arist.EN 1102b32, Plu.Phil.18 (but also, have the reputation of.., v. infr. VI. 2 e);

    ἐν οὐδενὶ λ. ποιήσασθαί τι Hdt.3.50

    ; ἐν οὐδενὶ λ. ἀπώλοντο without regard, Id.9.70;

    ἐν σμικρῷ λ. εἶναι Pl.R. 550a

    ; ὑμεῖς οὔτ' ἐν λ. οὔτ' ἐν ἀριθμῷ Orac. ap. Sch.Theoc.14.48; ἐν ἀνδρῶν λ. [εἶναι] to be reckoned, count as a man, Hdt.3.120; ἐν ἰδιώτεω λόγῳ καὶ ἀτίμου reckoned as.., Eus.Mynd.Fr. 59;

    σεμνὸς εἰς ἀρετῆς λ. καὶ δόξης D.19.142

    .
    II relation, correspondence, proportion,
    1 generally, ὑπερτερίης λ. relation (of gold to lead), Thgn.418 = 1164;

    πρὸς λόγον τοῦ σήματος A.Th. 519

    ; κατὰ λόγον προβαίνοντες τιμῶσι in inverse ratio, Hdt.1.134, cf. 7.36;

    κατὰ λ. τῆς ἀποφορῆς Id.2.109

    ; τἄλλα κατὰ λ. in like fashion, Hp.VM16, Prog.17: c. gen., κατὰ λ. τῶν πρόσθεν ib. 24;

    κατὰ λ. τῶν ἡμερῶν Ar. Nu. 619

    ;

    κατὰ λ. τῆς δυνάμεως X. Cyr.8.6.11

    ;

    ἐλάττω ἢ κατὰ λ. Arist. HA 508a2

    , cf. PA 671a18;

    ἐκ ταύτης ἐγένετο ἐκείνη κατὰ λ. Id.Pol. 1257a31

    ; cf. εὔλογος: sts. with ὁ αὐτός added, κατὰ τὸν αὐτὸν λ. τῷ τείχεϊ in fashion like to.., Hdt.1.186; περὶ τῶν νόσων ὁ αὐτὸς λ. analogously, Pl.Tht. 158d, cf. Prm. 136b, al.; εἰς τὸν αὐτὸν λ. similarly, Id.R. 353d; κατὰ τὸν αὐτὸν λ. in the same ratio, IG12.76.8; by parity of reasoning, Pl.Cra. 393c, R. 610a, al.; ἀνὰ λόγον τινός, τινί, Id.Ti. 29c, Alc.2.145d; τοῦτον ἔχει τὸν λ. πρὸς.. ὃν ἡ παιδεία πρὸς τὴν ἀρετήν is related to.. as.., Procl.in Euc.p.20 F., al.
    2 Math., ratio, proportion (ὁ κατ' ἀνάλογον λ., λ. τῆς ἀναλογίας, Theo Sm.p.73 H.), Pythag. 2;

    ἰσότης λόγων Arist.EN 113a31

    ;

    λ. ἐστὶ δύο μεγεθῶν ἡ κατὰ πηλικότητα ποιὰ σχέσις Euc.5

     Def.3;

    τῶν ἁρμονιῶν τοὺς λ. Arist.Metaph. 985b32

    , cf. 1092b14; λόγοι ἀριθμῶν numerical ratios, Aristox.Harm.p.32 M.; τοὺς φθόγγους ἀναγκαῖον ἐν ἀριθμοῦ λ. λέγεσθαι πρὸς ἀλλήλους to be expressed in numerical ratios, Euc.Sect.Can. Proëm.: in Metre, ratio between arsis and thesis, by which the rhythm is defined, Aristox.Harm.p.34 M.;

    ἐὰν ᾖ ἰσχυροτέρα τοῦ αἰσθητηρίου ἡ κίνησις, λύεται ὁ λ. Arist.de An. 424a31

    ; ἀνὰ λόγον analogically, Archyt.2; ἀνὰ λ. μερισθεῖσα [ἡ ψυχή] proportionally, Pl. Ti. 37a; so

    κατὰ λ. Men.319.6

    ; πρὸς λόγον in proportion, Plb.6.30.3, 9.15.3 (but πρὸς λόγον ἐπὶ στενὸν συνάγεται narrows uniformly, Sor. 1.9, cf. Diocl.Fr.171);

    ἐπὶ λόγον IG5(1).1428

     ([place name] Messene).
    3 Gramm., analogy, rule, τῷ λ. τῶν μετοχικῶν, τῆς συγκοπῆς, by the rule of the participles, of syncope, Choerob. in Theod.1.75 Gaisf., 1.377 H.;

    εἰπέ μοι τὸν λ. τοῦ Αἴας Αἴαντος, τουτέστι τὸν κανόνα An.Ox. 4.328

    .
    1 plea, pretext, ground, ἐκ τίνος λ.; A.Ch. 515;

    ἐξ οὐδενὸς λ. S.Ph. 731

    ;

    ἀπὸ παντὸς λ. Id.OC 762

    ;

    χὠ λ. καλὸς προσῆν Id.Ph. 352

    ;

    σὺν ἀφανεῖ λ. Id.OT 657

     (lyr., v.l. λόγων)

    ; ἐν ἀφανεῖ λ. Antipho 5.59

    ;

    ἐπὶ τοιούτῳ λ. Hdt.6.124

    ; κατὰ τίνα λ.; on what ground? Pl.R. 366b; οὐδὲ πρὸς ἕνα λ. to no purpose, Id.Prt. 343d; ἐπὶ τίνι λ.; for what reason? X.HG2.2.19; τὸν λ. τοῦτον this ground of complaint, Aeschin.3.228; τίνι δικαίῳ λ.; what just cause is there? Pl.Grg. 512c; τίνι λ.; on what account? Act.Ap.10.29; κατὰ λόγον ἂν ἠνεσχόμην ὑμῶν reason would that.., ib.18.14; λ. ἔχειν, with personal subject, εἶχον ἄν τινα λ. I (i.e. my conduct) would have admitted of an explanation, Pl.Ap. 31b; τὸν ὀρθὸν λ. the true explanation, ib. 34b.
    b plea, case, in Law or argument (cf. VIII. I), τὸν ἥττω λ. κρείττω ποιεῖν to make the weaker case prevail, ib. 18b, al., Arist.Rh. 1402a24, cf. Ar.Nu. 1042 (pl.); personified, ib. 886, al.;

    ἀμύνεις τῷ τῆς ἡδονῆς λ. Pl.Phlb. 38a

    ;

    ἀνοίσεις τοὺς λ. αὐτῶν πρὸς τὸν θεόν LXXEx.18.19

    ; ἐχειν λ. πρός τινα to have a case, ground of action against.., Act.Ap.19.38.
    2 statement of a theory, argument, οὐκ ἐμεῦ ἀλλὰ τοῦ λ. ἀκούσαντας prob. in Heraclit.50; λόγον ἠδὲ νόημα ἀμφὶς ἀληθείης discourse and reflection on reality, Parm.8.50; δηλοῖ οὗτος ὁ λ. ὅτι .. Democr.7; οὐκ ἔχει λόγον it is not arguable, i.e. reasonable, S.El. 466, Pl.Phd. 62d, etc.;

    ἔχει λ. D.44.32

    ;

    οὐδεὶς αὐτὰ καταβαλεῖ λ. E.Ba. 202

    ;

    δίκασον.. τὸν λ. ἀκούσας Pl.Lg. 696b

    ; personified, φησὶ οὗτος ὁ λ. ib. 714d, cf. Sph. 238b, Phlb. 50a; ὡς ὁ λ. (sc. λέγει) Arist.EN 1115b12; ὡς ὁ λ. ὁ ὀρθὸς λέγει ib. 1138b20, cf. 29;

    ὁ λ. θέλει προσβιβάζειν Phld.Rh.1.41

    , cf.1.19 S.;

    οὐ γὰρ ἂν ἀκούσειε λόγου ἀποτρέποντος Arist.EN 1179b27

    ;

    λ. καθαίρων Aristo Stoic.1.88

    ; λόγου τυγχάνειν to be explained, Phld.Mus.p.77 K.; ὁ τὸν λ. μου ἀκούων my teaching, Ev.Jo.5.24; ὁ προφητικὸς λ., collect., of VT prophecy, 2 Ep.Pet.1.19: pl.,

    ὁκόσων λόγους ἤκουσα Heraclit.108

    ;

    οὐκ ἐπίθετο τοῖς ἐμοῖς λ. Ar.Nu.73

    ; of arguments leading to a conclusion ([etym.] ὁ λ.), Pl. Cri. 46b;

    τὰ Ἀναξαγόρου βιβλία γέμει τούτων τῶν λ. Id.Ap. 26d

    ; λ. ἀπὸ τῶν ἀρχῶν, ἐπὶ τὰς ἀρχάς, Arist.EN 1095a31; συλλογισμός ἐστι λ. ἐν ᾧ τεθέντων τινῶν κτλ. Id.APr. 24b18; λ. ἀντίτυπός τε καὶ ἄπορος, of a self-contradictory theory, Plot.6.8.7.
    b ὁ περὶ θεῶν λ., title of a discourse by Protagoras, D.L.9.54; ὁ Ἀχιλλεὺς λ., name of an argument, ib.23;

    ὁ αὐξόμενος λ. Plu.2.559b

    ; καταβάλλοντες (sc. λόγοι), title of work by Protagoras, S.E.M.7.60;

    λ. σοφιστικοί Arist.SE 165a34

    , al.;

    οἱ μαθηματικοὶ λ. Id.Rh. 1417a19

    , etc.; οἱ ἐξωτερικοὶ λ., current outside the Lyceum, Id.Ph. 217b31, al.; Δισσοὶ λ., title of a philosophical treatise (= Dialex.); Λ. καὶ Λογίνα, name of play of Epicharmus, quibble, argument, personified, Ath.8.338d.
    c in Logic, proposition, whether as premiss or conclusion,

    πρότασίς ἐστι λ. καταφατικὸς ἢ ἀποφατικός τινος κατά τινος Arist.APr. 24a16

    .
    d rule, principle, law, as embodying the result of λογισμός, Pi.O.2.22, P.1.35, N.4.31;

    πείθεσθαι τῷ λ. ὃς ἄν μοι λογιζομένῳ βέλτιστος φαίνηται Pl.Cri. 46b

    , cf. c; ἡδονὰς τοῖς ὀρθοῖς λ. ἑπομένας obeying right principles, Id.Lg. 696c; προαιρέσεως [ἀρχὴ] ὄρεξις καὶ λ. ὁ ἕνεκά τινος principle directed to an end, Arist.EN 1139a32; of the final cause,

    ἀρχὴ ὁ λ. ἔν τε τοῖς κατὰ τέχνην καὶ ἐν τοῖς φύσει συνεστηκόσιν Id.PA 639b15

    ; ἀποδιδόασι τοὺς λ. καὶ τὰς αἰτίας οὗ ποιοῦσι ἑκάστου ib.18; [

    τέχνη] ἕξις μετὰ λ. ἀληθοῦς ποιητική Id.EN 1140a10

    ; ὀρθὸς λ. true principle, right rule, ib. 1144b27, 1147b3, al.; κατὰ λόγον by rule, consistently,

    ὁ κατὰ λ. ζῶν Pl.Lg. 689d

    , cf. Ti. 89d; τὸ κατὰ λ. ζῆν, opp. κατὰ πάθος, Arist.EN 1169a5; κατὰ λ. προχωρεῖν according to plan, Plb.1.20.3.
    3 law, rule of conduct,

    ᾧ μάλιστα διηνεκῶς ὁμιλοῦσι λόγῳ Heraclit.72

    ;

    πολλοὶ λόγον μὴ μαθόντες ζῶσι κατὰ λόγον Democr.53

    ; δεῖ ὑπάρχειν τὸν λ. τὸν καθόλου τοῖς ἄρχουσιν universal principle, Arist.Pol. 1286a17;

    ὁ νόμος.. λ. ὢν ἀπό τινος φρονήσεως καὶ νοῦ Id.EN 1180a21

    ; ὁ νόμος.. ἔμψυχος ὢν ἑαυτῷ λ. conscience, Plu. 2.780c; τὸν λ. πρόχειρον ἔχειν precept, Phld.Piet.30, cf. 102;

    ὁ προστακτικὸς τῶν ποιητέων ἢ μὴ λ. κοινός M.Ant.4.4

    .
    4 thesis, hypothesis, provisional ground, ὡς ἂν εἰ λέγοι λόγον maintain a thesis, Pl. Prt. 344b; ὑποθέμενος ἑκάστοτε λ. provisionally assuming a proposition, Id.Phd. 100a; τὸν τῆς ὁμοιότητος λ. hypothesis of equivalence, Arist.Cael. 296a20.
    5 reason, ground,

    πάντων γινομένων κατὰ τὸν λ. τόνδε Heraclit.1

    ;

    οὕτω βαθὺν λ. ἔχει Id.45

    ; ἐκ λόγου, opp. μάτην, Leucipp. 2;

    μέγιστον σημεῖον οὗτος ὁ λ. Meliss.8

    ; [ἐμπειρία] οὐκ ἔχει λ. οὐδένα ὧν προσφέρει has no grounds for.., Pl.Grg. 465a; μετὰ λόγου

    τε καὶ ἐπιστήμης θείας Id.Sph. 265c

    ; ἡ μετα λόγου ἀληθὴς δόξα ([etym.] ἐπιστήμη) Id.Tht. 201c; λόγον ζητοῦσιν ὧν οὐκ ἔστι λ. proof, Arist. Metaph. 1011a12;

    οἱ ἁπάντων ζητοῦντες λ. ἀναιροῦσι λ. Thphr.Metaph. 26

    .
    6 formula (wider than definition, but freq. equivalent thereto), term expressing reason,

    λ. τῆς πολιτείας Pl.R. 497c

    ; ψυχῆς οὐσία τε καὶ λ. essential definition, Id.Phdr. 245e;

    ὁ τοῦ δικαίου λ. Id.R. 343a

    ; τὸν λ. τῆς οὐσίας ib. 534b, cf. Phd. 78d;

    τὰς πολλὰς ἐπιστήμας ἑνὶ λ. προσειπεῖν Id.Tht. 148d

    ;

    ὁ τῆς οἰκοδομήσεως λ. ἔχει τὸν τῆς οἰκίας Arist. PA 646b3

    ;

    τεθείη ἂν ἴδιον ὄνομα καθ' ἕκαστον τῶν λ. Id.Metaph. 1006b5

    , cf. 1035b4;

    πᾶς ὁρισμὸς λ. τίς ἐστι Id.Top. 102a5

    ; ἐπὶ τῶν σχημάτων λ. κοινός generic definition, Id.de An. 414b23; ἀκριβέστατος λ. specific definition, Id.Pol. 1276b24;

    πηγῆς λ. ἔχον Ph.2.477

    ; τὸ ᾠὸν οὔτε ἀρχῆς ἔχει λ. fulfils the function of.., Plu.2.637d; λ. τῆς μίξεως formula, i. e. ratio (cf. supr. II) of combination, Arist.PA 642a22, cf. Metaph. 993a17.
    7 reason, law exhibited in the world-process, κατὰ λόγον by law,

    κόσμῳ πάντα καὶ κατὰ λ. ἔχοντα Pl.R. 500c

    ; κατ τὸν < αὐτὸν αὖ> λ. by the same law, Epich.170.18;

    ψυχῆς τὸ πᾶν τόδε διοικούσης κατὰ λ. Plot.2.3.13

    ; esp. in Stoic Philos., the divine order,

    τὸν τοῦ παντὸς λ. ὃν ἔνιοι εἱμαρμένην καλοῦσιν Zeno Stoic.1.24

    ; τὸ ποιοῦν τὸν ἐν [τῇ ὕλῃ] λ. τὸν θεόν ibid., cf. 42;

    ὁ τοῦ κόσμου λ. Chrysipp.Stoic.2.264

    ; λόγος, = φύσει νόμος, Stoic.2.169;

    κατὰ τὸν κοινὸν θεοῖς καὶ ἀνθρώποις λ. M.Ant.7.53

    ;

    ὁ ὀρθὸς λ. διὰ πάντων ἐρχόμενος Chrysipp.Stoic.3.4

    : so in Plot.,

    τὴν φύσιν εἶναι λόγον, ὃς ποιεῖ λ. ἄλλον γέννημα αὑτοῦ 3.8.2

    .
    b σπερματικὸς λ. generative principle in organisms,

    ὁ θεὸς σπ. λ. τοῦ κόσμου Zeno Stoic.1.28

    : usu. in pl., Stoic. 2.205,314,al.;

    γίνεται τὰ ἐν τῷ παντὶ οὐ κατὰ σπερματικούς, ἀλλὰ κατὰ λ. περιληπτικούς Plot.3.1.7

    , cf.4.4.39: so without

    σπερματικός, ὥσπερ τινὲς λ. τῶν μερῶν Cleanth.Stoic.1.111

    ;

    οἱ λ. τῶν ὅλων Ph.1.9

    .
    c in Neo-Platonic Philos., of regulative and formative forces, derived from the intelligible and operative in the sensible universe,

    ὄντων μειζόνων λ. καὶ θεωρούντων αὑτοὺς ἐγὼ γεγέννημαι Plot.3.8.4

    ;

    οἱ ἐν σπέρματι λ. πλάττουσι.. τὰ ζῷα οἷον μικρούς τινας κόσμους Id.4.3.10

    , cf.3.2.16,3.5.7; opp. ὅρος, Id.6.7.4;

    ἀφανεῖς λ. τῆς φύσεως Procl.

    in R.1.18 K.; τεχνικοὶ λ. ib.142 K., al.
    IV inward debate of the soul (cf.

    λ. ὃν αὐτὴ πρὸς αὑτὴν ἡ ψυχὴ διεξέρχεται Pl.Tht. 189e

     ( διάλογος in Sph. 263e); ὁ ἐν τῇ ψυχῇ, ὁ ἔσω λ. (opp. ὁ ἔξω λ.), Arist.APo. 76b25, 27; ὁ ἐνδιάθετος, opp. ὁ προφορικὸς λ., Stoic.2.43, Ph.2.154),
    1 thinking, reasoning, τοῦ λ. ἐόντος ξυνοῦ, opp. ἰδία φρόνησις, Heraclit. 2; κρῖναι δὲ λόγῳ.. ἔλεγχον test by reflection, Parm.1.36; reflection, deliberation (cf. VI.3),

    ἐδίδου λόγον ἑωυτῷ περὶ τῆς ὄψιος Hdt.1.209

    , cf. 34, S.OT 583, D.45.7; μὴ εἰδέναι.. μήτε λόγῳ μήτε ἔργῳ neither by reasoning nor by experience, Anaxag.7;

    ἃ δὴ λόγῳ μὲν καὶ διανοίᾳ ληπτά, ὄψει δ' οὔ Pl.R. 529d

    , cf. Prm. 135e;

    ὁ λ. ἢ ἡ αἴσθησις Arist.EN 1149a35

    ,al.; αὐτῷ μόνον τῷ λ. πιστεύειν (opp. αἰσθήσεις), of Parmenides and his school, Aristocl. ap. Eus.PE14.17: hence λόγῳ or τῷ λ. in idea, in thought,

    τῷ λ. τέμνειν Pl.R. 525e

    ; τῷ λ. δύο ἐστίν, ἀχώριστα πεφυκότα two in idea, though indistinguishable in fact, Arist. EN 1102a30, cf. GC 320b14, al.; λόγῳ θεωρητά mentally conceived, opp. sensibly perceived, Placit.1.3.5, cf. Demetr.Lac.Herc.1055.20;

    τοὺς λ. θεωρητοὺς χρόνους Epicur.Ep.1p.19U.

    ; διὰ λόγου θ. χ. ib.p.10 U.;

    λόγῳ καταληπτός Phld.Po.5.20

    , etc.; ὁ λ. οὕτω αἱρέει analogy proves, Hdt.2.33; ὁ λ. or λ. αἱρέει reasoning convinces, Id.3.45,6.124, cf. Pl.Cri. 48c (but, our argument shows, Lg. 663d): also c. acc. pers., χρᾶται ὅ τι μιν λ. αἱρέει as the whim took him, Hdt.1.132; ἢν μὴ ἡμέας λ. αἱρῇ unless we see fit, Id.4.127, cf. Pl.R. 607b; later ὁ αἱρῶν λ. ordaining reason, Zeno Stoic.1.50, M.Ant.2.5, cf. 4.24, Arr.Epict. 2.2.20, etc.: coupled or contrasted with other functions, καθ' ὕπνον ἐπειδὴ λόγου καὶ φρονήσεως οὐ μετεῖχε since reason and understanding are in abeyance, Pl.Ti. 71d; μετὰ λόγου τε καὶ ἐπιστήμης, opp. αἰτία αὐτομάτη, of Nature's processes of production, Id.Sph. 265c; τὸ μὲν δὴ νοήσει μετὰ λόγου περιληπτόν embraced by thought with reflection, opp. μετ' αἰσθήσεως ἀλόγου, Id.Ti. 28a; τὸ μὲν ἀεὶ μετ' ἀληθοῦς λ., opp. τὸ δὲ ἄλογον, ib. 51e, cf. 70d, al.;

    λ. ἔχων ἑπόμενον τῷ νοεῖν Id.Phlb. 62a

    ; ἐπιστήμη ἐνοῦσα καὶ ὀρθὸς λ. scientific knowledge and right process of thought, Id.Phd. 73a;

    πᾶς λ. καὶ πᾶσα ἐπιστήμη τῶν καθόλου Arist.Metaph. 1059b26

    ;

    τὸ λόγον ἔχον Id.EN 1102b15

    , 1138b9, al.: in sg. and pl., contrasted by Pl. and Arist. as theory, abstract reasoning with outward experience, sts. with depreciatory emphasis on the former,

    εἰς τοὺς λ. καταφυγόντα Pl.Phd. 99e

    ; τὸν ἐν λόγοις σκοπούμενον τὰ ὄντα, opp. τὸν ἐν ἔργοις (realities), ib. 100a;

    τῇ αἰσθήσει μᾶλλον τῶν λ. πιστευτέον Arist.GA 760b31

    ; γνωριμώτερα κατὰ τὸν λ., opp. κατὰ τὴν αἴσθησιν, Id.Ph. 189a4; ἐκ τῶν λ. δῆλον, opp. ἐκ τῆς ἐπαγωγῆς, Id.Mete. 378b20; ἡ τῶν λ. πίστις, opp. ἐκ τῶν ἔργων φανερόν, Id.Pol. 1326a29;

    ἡ πίστις οὐ μόνον ἐπὶ τῆς αἰσθήσεως ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐπὶ τοῦ λ. Id.Ph. 262a19

    ;

    μαρτυρεῖ τὰ γιγνόμενα τοῖς λ. Id.Pol. 1334a6

    ; ὁ μὲν λ. τοῦ καθόλου, ἡ δὲ αἴσθησις τοῦ κατὰ μέρος explanation, opp. perception, Id.Ph. 189a7; ἔσονται τοῖς λ. αἱ πράξεις ἀκόλουθοι theory, opp. practice, Epicur.Sent.25; in Logic, of discursive reasoning, opp. intuition, Arist.EN 1142a26, 1143b1; reasoning in general, ib. 1149a26; πᾶς λ. καὶ πᾶσα ἀπόδειξις all reasoning and demonstration, Id.Metaph. 1063b10;

    λ. καὶ φρόνησιν Phld.Mus.p.105

     K.; ὁ λ. ἢ λογισμός ibid.; τὸ ἰδεῖν οὐκέτι λ., ἀλλὰ μεῖζον λόγου καὶ πρὸ λόγου, of mystical vision, opp. reasoning, Plot.6.9.10.—Phrases, κατὰ λ. τὸν εἰκότα by probable reasoning, Pl.Ti. 30b;

    οὔκουν τόν γ' εἰκότα λ. ἂν ἔχοι Id.Lg. 647d

    ; παρὰ λόγον, opp. κατὰ λ., Arist.Rh.Al. 1429a29, cf. EN 1167b19; cf. παράλογος (but παρὰ λ. unexpectedly, E.Ba. 940).
    2 reason as a faculty, ὁ λ. ἀνθρώπους κυβερνᾷ [Epich.] 256; [

    θυμοειδὲς] τοῦ λ. κατήκοον Pl.Ti. 70a

    ; [

    θυμὸς] ὑπὸ τοῦ λ. ἀνακληθείς Id.R. 440d

    ; σύμμαχον τῷ λ. τὸν θυμόν ib. b;

    πειθαρχεῖ τῷ λ. τὸ τοῦ ἐγκρατοῦς Arist. EN 1102b26

    ; ἄλλο τι παρὰ τὸν λ. πεφυκός, ὃ μάχεται τῷ λ. ib.17;

    ἐναντίωσις λόγου πρὸς ἐπιθυμίας Plot.4.7.13(8)

    ;

    οὐ θυμός, οὐκ ἐπιθυμία, οὐδὲ λ. οὐδέ τις νόησις Id.6.9.11

    : freq. in Stoic. Philos. of human Reason, opp. φαντασία, Zeno Stoic.1.39; opp. φύσις, Stoic.2.206; οὐ σοφία οὐδὲ λ. ἐστὶν ἐν [τοῖς ζῴοις] ibid.;

    τοῖς ἀλόγοις ζῴοις ὡς λ. ἔχων λ. μὴ ἔχουσι χρῶ M.Ant.6.23

    ;

    ὁ λ. κοινὸν πρὸς τοὺς θεούς Arr.Epict. 1.3.3

    ;

    οἷον [εἰκὼν] λ. ὁ ἐν προφορᾷ λόγου τοῦ ἐν ψυχῇ, οὕτω καὶ αὐτὴ λ. νοῦ Plot.5.1.3

    ; τὸ τὸν λ. σχεῖν τὴν οἰκείαν ἀρετήν (sc. εὐδαιμονίαν) Procl.in Ti.3.334 D.; also of the reason which pervades the universe, θεῖος λ. [Epich.] 257;

    τὸν θεῖον λ. καθ' Ἡράκλειτον δι' ἀναπνοῆς σπάσαντες νοεροὶ γινόμεθα S.E.M.7.129

     (cf. infr. x).
    b creative reason,

    ἀδύνατον ἦν λόγον μὴ οὐκ ἐπὶ πάντα ἐλθεῖν Plot.3.2.14

    ;

    ἀρχὴ οὖν λ. καὶ πάντα λ. καὶ τὰ γινόμενα κατ' αὐτόν Id.3.2.15

    ;

    οἱ λ. πάντες ψυχαί Id.3.2.18

    .
    V continuous statement, narrative (whether fact or fiction), oration, etc. (cf. λέγω (B) 11.2),
    1 fable, Hdt.1.141;

    Αἰσώπου λόγοι Pl.Phd. 60d

    , cf. Arist.Rh. 1393b8;

    ὁ τοῦ κυνὸς λ. X.Mem. 2.7.13

    .
    2 legend,

    ἱρὸς λ. Hdt.2.62

    , cf. 47, Pi.P.3.80 (pl.);

    συνθέντες λ. E.Ba. 297

    ;

    λ. θεῖος Pl.Phd. 85d

    ; ἱεροὶ λ., of Orphic rhapsodies, Suid. S.V. Ὀρφεύς.
    3 tale, story,

    ἄλλον ἔπειμι λ. Xenoph. 7.1

    , cf. Th.1.97, etc.;

    συνθέτους λ. A.Pr. 686

    ; σπουδὴν λόγου urgent tidings, E.Ba. 663; ἄλλος λ. 'another story', Pl.Ap. 34e; ὁμολογούμενος ὁ λ. ἐστίν the story is consistent, Isoc.3.27: pl., histories,

    ἐν τοῖσι Ἀσσυρίοισι λ. Hdt.1.184

    , cf. 106, 2.99; so in sg., a historical work, Id.2.123, 6.19,7.152: also in sg., one section of such a work (like later βίβλος), Id.2.38,6.39, cf. VI.3d; so in pl.,

    ἐν τοῖσι Λιβυκοῖσι λ. Id.2.161

    , cf. 1.75,5.22,7.93, 213;

    ἐν τῷ πρώτῳ τῶν λ. Id.5.36

    ; ὁ πρῶτος λ., of St. Luke's gospel, Act.Ap.1.1: in Pl., opp. μῦθος, as history to legend, Ti. 26e;

    ποιεῖν μύθους ἀλλ' οὐ λόγους Phd. 61b

    , cf. Grg. 523a (but μῦθον λέγειν, opp. λόγῳ ( argument)

    διεξελθεῖν Prt. 320c

    , cf. 324d);

    περὶ λόγων καὶ μύθων Arist.Pol. 1336a30

    ;

    ὁ λ... μῦθός ἐστι Ael.NA4.34

    .
    4 speech, delivered in court, assembly, etc.,

    χρήσομαι τῇ τοῦ λ. τάξει ταύτῃ Aeschin.3.57

    , cf. Arist.Rh. 1358a38;

    δικανικοὶ λ. Id.EN 1181a4

    ;

    τρία γένη τῶν λ. τῶν ῥητορικῶν, συμβουλευτικόν, δικανικόν, ἐπιδεικτικόν Id.Rh. 1358b7

    ;

    τῷ γράψαντι τὸν λ. Thphr. Char.17.8

    , cf.

    λογογράφος 11

    ; ἐπιτάφιος λ. funeral oration, Pl.Mx. 236b; esp. of the body of a speech, opp. ἐπίλογος, Arist.Rh. 1420b3; opp. προοίμιον, ib. 1415a12; body of a law, opp. proem, Pl.Lg. 723b; spoken, opp. written word,

    τὸν τοῦ εἰδότος λ. ζῶντα καὶ ἔμψυχον οὗ ὁ γεγραμμένος εἴδωλόν τι Id.Phdr. 276a

    ; ὁ ἐκ τοῦ βιβλίου ῥηθεὶς [λ.] speech read from a roll, ib. 243c; published speech, D.C.40.54; rarely of the speeches in Tragedy ([etym.] ῥήσεις), Arist.Po. 1450b6,9.
    VI verbal expression or utterance (cf. λέγω (B) 111), rarely a single word, v. infr. b, never in Gramm. signf. of vocable ([etym.] ἔπος, λέξις, ὄνομα, ῥῆμα), usu. of a phrase, cf. IX. 3 (the only sense found in [dialect] Ep.).
    a pl., without Art., talk,

    τὸν ἔτερπε λόγοις Il.15.393

    ;

    αἱμύλιοι λ. Od.1.56

    , h.Merc. 317, Hes.Th. 890, Op.78, 789, Thgn.704, A.R.3.1141; ψευδεῖς Λ., personified, Hes.Th. 229;

    ἀφροδίσιοι λ. Semon.7.91

    ;

    ἀγανοῖσι λ. Pi.P. 4.101

    ; ὄψον δὲ λ. φθονεροῖσιν tales, Id.N.8.21; σμικροὶ λ. brief words, S.Aj. 1268 (s.v.l.), El. 415; δόκησις ἀγνὼς λόγων bred of talk, Id.OT 681 (lyr.): also in sg., λέγ' εἴ σοι τῷ λ. τις ἡδονή speak if thou delightest in talking, Id.El. 891.
    b sg., expression, phrase,

    πρὶν εἰπεῖν ἐσθλὸν ἢ κακὸν λ. Id.Ant. 1245

    , cf. E.Hipp. 514;

    μυρίας ὡς εἰπεῖν λόγῳ Hdt.2.37

    ; μακρὸς λ. rigmarole, Simon.189, Arist.Metaph. 1091a8; λ. ἠρέμα λεχθεὶς διέθηκε τὸ πόρρω a whispered message, Plot.4.9.3; ἑνὶ λόγῳ to sum up, in brief phrase, Pl.Phdr. 241e, Phd. 65d; concisely, Arist. EN 1103b21 (but also, = ἁπλῶς, περὶ πάντων ἑνὶ λ. Id.GC 325a1): pl., λ. θελκτήριοι magic words, E.Hipp. 478; rarely of single words,

    λ. εὐσύνθετος οἷον τὸ χρονοτριβεῖν Arist.Rh. 1406a36

    ; οὐκ ἀπεκρίθη αὐτῇ λ. answered her not a word, Ev.Matt.15.23.
    c coupled or contrasted with words expressed or understood signifying act, fact, truth, etc., mostly in a depreciatory sense,

    λ. ἔργου σκιή Democr. 145

    ;

    ὥσπερ μικρὸν παῖδα λόγοις μ' ἀπατᾷς Thgn.254

    ; λόγῳ, opp. ἔργῳ, Democr.82, etc.;

    νηπίοισι οὐ λ. ἀλλὰ ξυμφορὴ διδάσκαλος Id.76

    ;

    ἔργῳ κοὐ λόγῳ τεκμαίρομαι A.Pr. 338

    , cf. S.El.59, OC 782;

    λόγῳ μὲν λέγουσι.. ἔργῳ δὲ οὐκ ἀποδεικνῦσι Hdt.4.8

    ;

    οὐ λόγων, φασίν, ἡ ἀγορὴ δεῖται, χαλκῶν δέ Herod.7.49

    ;

    οὔτε λ. οὔτε ἔργῳ Lys.9.14

    ; λόγοις, opp. ψήφῳ, Aeschin.2.33; opp. νόῳ, Hdt.2.100;

    οὐ λόγῳ μαθών E.Heracl.5

    ;

    ἐκ λόγων, κούφου πράγματος Pl.Lg. 935a

    ; λόγοισι εἰς τὸ πιθανὸν περιπεπεμμένα ib. 886e, cf. Luc.Anach.19;

    ἵνα μὴ λ. οἴησθε εἶναι, ἀλλ' εἰδῆτε τὴν ἀλήθειαν Lycurg.23

    , cf. D.30.34; opp. πρᾶγμα, Arist.Top. 146a4; opp. βία, Id.EN 1179b29, cf. 1180a5; opp. ὄντα, Pl.Phd. 100a; opp. γνῶσις, 2 Ep.Cor.11.6; λόγῳ in pretence, Hdt.1.205, Pl.R. 361b, 376d, Ti. 27a, al.; λόγου ἕνεκα merely as a matter of words,

    ἄλλως ἕνεκα λ. ἐλέγετο Id.Cri. 46d

    ; λόγου χάριν, opp. ὡς ἀληθῶς, Arist.Pol. 1280b8; but also, let us say, for instance, Id.EN 1144a33, Plb.10.46.4, Phld. Sign.29, M.Ant.4.32; λόγου ἕνεκα let us suppose, Pl.Tht. 191c; ἕως λόγου, μέχρι λ., = Lat. verbo tenus, Plb.10.24.7, Epict.Ench.16: sts. without depreciatory force, the antithesis or parallelism being verbal (cf. 'word and deed'),

    λόγῳ τε καὶ σθένει S.OC68

    ;

    ἔν τε ἔργῳ καὶ λ. Pl.R. 382e

    , cf. D.S.13.101, Ev.Luc.24.19, Act.Ap.7.22, Paus.2.16.2; ὅσα μὲν λόγῳ εἶπον, opp. τὰ ἔργα τῶν πραχθέντων, Th. 1.22.
    2 common talk, report, tradition,

    ὡς λ. ἐν θνητοῖσιν ἔην Batr. 8

    ;

    λ. ἐκ πατέρων Alc.71

    ;

    οὐκ ἔστ' ἔτυμος λ. οὗτος Stesich.32

    ;

    διξὸς λέγεται λ. Hdt.3.32

    ;

    λ. ὑπ' Αἰγυπτίων λεγόμενος Id.2.47

    ; νέον [λ.] tidings, S.Ant. 1289 (lyr.); τὰ μὲν αὐτοὶ ὡρῶμεν, τὰ δὲ λόγοισι ἐπυνθανόμεθα by hearsay, Hdt.2.148: also in pl., ἐν γράμμασιν λόγοι κείμενοι traditions, Pl.Lg. 886b.
    b rumour,

    ἐπὶ παντὶ λ. ἐπτοῆσθαι Heraclit. 87

    ; αὐδάεις λ. voice of rumour, B.14.44; περὶ θεῶν διῆλθεν ὁ λ. ὅτι .. Th.6.46; λ. παρεῖχεν ὡς .. Plb.3.89.3; ἐξῆλθεν ὁ λ. οὗτος εῖς τινας ὅτι .. Ev.Jo.21.23, cf. Act.Ap.11.22; fiction, Ev.Matt.28.15.
    c mention, notice, description, οὐκ ὕει λόγου ἄξιον οὐδέν worth mentioning, Hdt.4.28, cf. Plb.1.24.8, etc.; ἔργα λόγου μέζω beyond expression, Hdt.2.35; κρεῖσσον λόγου τὸ εἶδος τῆς νόσου beyond description, Th. 2.50;

    μείζω ἔργα ἢ ὡς τῷ λ. τις ἂν εἴποι D.6.11

    .
    d the talk one occasions, repute, mostly in good sense, good report, praise, honour (cf. supr. 1.4),

    πολλὰ φέρειν εἴωθε λ... πταίσματα Thgn.1221

    ;

    λ. ἐσλὸν ἀκοῦσαι Pi.I.5(4).13

    ;

    πλέονα.. λ. Ὀδυσσέος ἢ πάθαν Id.N.7.21

    ;

    ἵνα λ. σε ἔχῃ πρὸς ἀνθρώπων ἀγαθός Hdt.7.5

    , cf. 9.78; Τροίαν.. ἧς ἁπανταχοῦ λ. whose fame, story fills the world, E.IT 517;

    οὐκ ἂν ἦν λ. σέθεν Id.Med. 541

    : less freq. in bad sense, evil report, λ. κακόθρους, κακός, S. Aj. 138 (anap.), E.Heracl. 165: pl., λόγους ψιθύρους πλάσσων slanders, S.Aj. 148 (anap.).
    e λ. ἐστί, ἔχει, κατέχει, the story goes, c. acc. et inf.,

    ἔστ τις λ. τὰν Ἀρετὰν ναίειν Simon.58.1

    , cf. S.El. 417; λ. μὲν ἔστ' ἀρχαῖος ὡς .. Id.Tr.1; λ. alone, E.Heracl.35;

    ὡς λ. A.Supp. 230

    , Pl. Phlb. 65c, etc.;

    λ. ἐστί Hdt.7.129

    ,9.26, al.;

    λ. αἰὲν ἔχει S.OC 1573

     (lyr.); ὅσον ὁ λ. κατέχει tradition prevails, Th.1.10: also with a personal subject in the reverse construction. Κλεισθένης λ. ἔχει τὴν Πυθίην ἀναπεῖσαι has the credit of.., Hdt.5.66, cf. Pl.Epin. 987b, 988b;

    λ. ἔχοντα σοφίας Ep.Col.2.23

    , v.supr.1.4.
    3 discussion, debate, deliberation,

    πολλὸς ἦν ἐν τοῖσι λ. Hdt.8.59

    ;

    συνελέχθησαν οἱ Μῆδοι ἐς τὠυτὸ καὶ ἐδίδοσαν σφίσι λόγον, λέγοντες περὶ τῶν κατηκόντων Id.1.97

    ;

    οἱ Πελασγοὶ ἑωυτοῖσι λόγους ἐδίδοσαν Id.6.138

    ;

    πολέμῳ μᾶλλον ἢ λόγοις τὰ ἐγκλήματα διαλύεσθαι Th.1.140

    ;

    οἱ περὶ τῆς εἰρήνης λ. Aeschin.2.74

    ; τοῖς ἔξωθεν λ. πεπλήρωκε τὸν λ. [Plato] has filled his dialogue with extraneous discussions, Arist.Pol. 1264b39;

    τὸ μῆκος τῶν λ. D.Chr.7.131

    ; μεταβαίνων ὁ λ. εἰς ταὐτὸν ἀφῖκται our debate, Arist.EN 1097a24; ὁ παρὼν λ. ib. 1104a11; θεῶν ὧν νῦν ὁ λ. ἐστί discussion, Pl.Ap. 26b, cf. Tht. 184a, M.Ant.8.32; τῷ λ. διελθεῖν, διϊέναι, Pl.Prt. 329c, Grg. 506a, etc.; τὸν λ. διεξελθεῖν conduct the debate, Id.Lg. 893a; ξυνελθεῖν ἐς λόγον confer, Ar.Eq. 1300: freq. in pl., ἐς λόγους συνελθόντες parley, Hdt. 1.82; ἐς λ. ἐλθεῖν τινι have speech with, ib.86;

    ἐς λ. ἀπικέσθαι τινί Id.2.32

    ;

    διὰ λόγων ἰέναι E.Tr. 916

    ;

    ἐμαυτῇ διὰ λ. ἀφικόμην Id.Med. 872

    ;

    ἐς λ. ἄγειν τινά X.HG4.1.2

    ;

    κοινωνεῖν λόγων καὶ διανοίας Arist.EN 1170b12

    .
    b right of discussion or speech, ἢ 'πὶ τῷ πλήθει λ.; S.OC 66; λ. αἰτήσασθαι ask leave to speak, Th.3.53;

    λ. διδόναι X.HG5.2.20

    ; οὐ προυτέθη σφίσιν λ. κατὰ τὸν νόμον ib.1.7.5;

    λόγου τυχεῖν D.18.13

    , cf. Arist.EN 1095b21, Plb.18.52.1;

    οἱ λόγου τοὺς δούλους ἀποστεροῦντες Arist.Pol. 1260b5

    ;

    δοῦλος πέφυκας, οὐ μέτεστί σοι λόγου Trag.Adesp.304

    ;

    διδόντας λ. καὶ δεχομένους ἐν τῷ μέρει Luc.Pisc.8

    : hence, time allowed for a speech,

    ἐν τῷ ἐμῷ λ. And.1.26

    ,al.;

    ἐν τῷ ἑαυτοῦ λ. Pl.Ap. 34a

    ;

    οὐκ ἐλάττω λ. ἀνήλωκε D.18.9

    .
    c dialogue, as a form of philosophical debate,

    ἵνα μὴ μαχώμεθα ἐν τοῖς λ. ἐγώ τε καὶ σύ Pl. Cra. 430d

    ;

    πρὸς ἀλλήλους τοὺς λ. ποιεῖσθαι Id.Prt. 348a

    : hence, dialogue as a form of literature,

    οἱ Σωκρατικοὶ λ. Arist.Po. 1447b11

    , Rh. 1417a20; cf. διάλογος.
    d section, division of a dialogue or treatise (cf. v. 3),

    ὁ πρῶτος λ. Pl.Prm. 127d

    ; ὁ πρόσθεν, ὁ παρελθὼν λ., Id.Phlb. 18e, 19b;

    ἐν τοῖς πρώτοις λ. Arist.PA 682a3

    ; ἐν τοῖς περὶ κινήσεως λ. in the discussion of motion (i. e. Ph.bk.8), Id.GC 318a4;

    ἐν τῷ περὶ ἐπαίνου λ. Phld.Rh.1.219

    ; branch, department, division of a system of philosophy,

    τὴν φρόνησιν ἐκ τριῶν συνεστηκέναι λ., τῶν φυσικῶν καὶ τῶν ἠθικῶν καὶ τῶν λογικῶν Chrysipp.Stoic.2.258

    .
    e in pl., literature, letters, Pl.Ax. 365b, Epin. 975d, D.H.Comp.1,21 (but, also in pl., treatises, Plu.2.16c);

    οἱ ἐπὶ λόγοις εὐδοκιμώτατοι Hdn.6.1.4

    ; Λόγοι, personified, AP9.171 (Pall.).
    VII a particular utterance, saying:
    1 divine utterance, oracle, Pi.P.4.59;

    λ. μαντικοί Pl. Phdr. 275b

    ;

    οὐ γὰρ ἐμὸν ἐρῶ τὸν λ. Pl.Ap. 20e

    ;

    ὁ λ. τοῦ θεοῦ Apoc.1.2

    ,9.
    2 proverb, maxim, saying, Pi.N.9.6, A.Th. 218; ὧδ' ἔχει λ. ib. 225; τόνδ' ἐκαίνισεν λ. ὡς .. Critias 21, cf. Pl.R. 330a, Ev.Jo.4.37;

    ὁ παλαιὸς λ. Pl.Phdr. 240c

    , cf. Smp. 195b, Grg. 499c, Lg. 757a, 1 Ep.Ti.1.15, Plu.2.1082e, Luc.Alex.9, etc.;

    τὸ τοῦ λόγου δὴ τοῦτο Herod.2.45

    , cf. D.Chr.66.24, Luc.JTr.3, Alciphr.3.56, etc.: pl., Arist.EN 1147a21.
    3 assertion, opp. oath, S.OC 651; ψιλῷ λ. bare word, opp. μαρτυρία, D.27.54.
    4 express resolution, κοινῷ λ. by common consent, Hdt.1.141,al.; ἐπὶ λ. τοιῷδε, ἐπ' ᾧ τε .. on the following terms, Id.7.158, cf. 9.26;

    ἐνδέξασθαι τὸν λ. Id.1.60

    , cf. 9.5; λ. ἔχοντες πλεονέκτην a greedy proposal, Id.7.158: freq. in pl., terms, conditions, Id.9.33, etc.
    5 word of command, behest, A.Pr.17,40 (both pl.), Pers. 363;

    ἀνθρώπους πιθανωτέρους ποιεῖν λόγῳ X.Oec.13.9

    ;

    ἐξέβαλε τὰ πνεύματα λόγῳ Ev.Matt.8.16

    ; οἱ δέκα λ. the ten Commandments, LXX Ex.34.28, Ph.1.496.
    VIII thing spoken of, subject-matter (cf. 111.1 b and 2),

    λ. τοῦτον ἐάσομεν Thgn.1055

    ; προπεπυσμένος πάντα λ. the whole matter, Hdt.1.21, cf. 111; τὸν ἐόντα λ. the truth of the matter, ib.95, 116; μετασχεῖν τοῦ λ. to be in the secret, ib. 127;

    μηδενὶ ἄλλῳ τὸν λ. τοῦτον εῐπῃς Id.8.65

    ; τίς ἦν λ.; S.OT 684 ( = πρᾶγμα, 699); περί τινος λ. διελεγόμεθα subject, question, Pl.Prt. 314c; [τὸ προοίμιον] δεῖγμα τοῦ λ. case, Arist.Rh. 1415a12, cf. 111.1b; τέλος δὲ παντὸς τοῦ λ. ψηφίζονται the end of the matter was that.., Aeschin.3.124;

    οὐκ ἔστεξε τὸν λ. Plb.8.12.5

    ;

    οὐκ ἔστι σοι μερὶς οὐδὲ κλῆρος ἐν τῷ λ. τούτῳ Act.Ap.8.21

    ;

    ἱκανὸς αὐτῷ ὁ λ. Pl.Grg. 512c

    ; οὐχ ὑπολείπει [Γοργίαν] ὁ λ. matter for talk, Arist.Rh. 1418a35;

    μηδένα λ. ὑπολιπεῖν Isoc.4.146

    ; πρὸς λόγον to the point, apposite,

    οὐδὲν πρὸς λ. Pl.Phlb. 42e

    , cf. Prt. 344a;

    ἐὰν πρὸς λ. τι ᾖ Id.Phlb. 33c

    ; also

    πρὸς λόγου Id.Grg. 459c

     (s. v.l.).
    2 plot of a narrative or dramatic poem, = μῦθος, Arist.Po. 1455b17, al.
    b in Art, subject of a painting,

    ζωγραφίας λόγοι Philostr.VA 6.10

    ;

    λ. τῆς γραφῆς Id.Im.1.25

    .
    3 thing talked of, event,

    μετὰ τοὺς λ. τούτους LXX 1 Ma.7.33

    , cf. Act.Ap.15.6.
    IX expression, utterance, speech regarded formally, τὸ ἀπὸ [ψυχῆς] ῥεῦμα διὰ τοῦ στόματος ἰὸν μετὰ φθόγγου λ., opp. διάνοια, Pl.Sph. 263e; intelligent utterance, opp. φωνή, Arist.Pol. 1253a14;

    λ. ἐστὶ φωνὴ σημαντικὴ κατὰ συνθήκην Id.Int. 16b26

    , cf. Diog.Bab.Stoic.3.213; ὅθεν (from the heart)

    ὁ λ. ἀναπέμπεται Stoic.2.228

    , cf. 244; Protagoras was nicknamed λόγος, Hsch. ap. Sch.Pl.R. 600c, Suid.;

    λόγου πειθοῖ Democr.181

    : in pl., eloquence, Isoc.3.3,9.11;

    τὴν ἐν λόγοις εὐρυθμίαν Epicur.Sent.Pal.5p.69

     v. d. M.; λ. ἀκριβής precise language, Ar.Nu. 130 (pl.), cf. Arist.Rh. 1418b1;

    τοῦ μὴ ᾀδομένου λ. Pl.R. 398d

    ; ἡδυσμένος λ., of rhythmical language set to music, Arist.Po. 1449b25; ἐν παντὶ λ. in all manner of utterance, 1 Ep.Cor.1.5; ἐν λόγοις in orations, Arist.Po. 1459a13; λ. γελοῖοι, ἀσχήμονες, ludicrous, improper speech, Id.SE 182b15, Pol. 1336b14.
    2 of various modes of expression, esp. artistic and literary,

    ἔν τε ᾠδαῖς καὶ μύθοις καὶ λόγοις Pl.Lg. 664a

    ;

    ἐν λόγῳ καὶ ἐν ᾠδαῖς X.Cyr.1.4.25

    , cf. Pl.Lg. 835b; prose, opp. ποίησις, Id.R. 390a; opp. ψιλομετρία, Arist.Po. 1448a11; opp. ἔμμετρα, ib. 1450b15 (pl.); τῷ λ. τοῦτο τῶν μέτρων (sc. τὸ ἰαμβεῖον)

    ὁμοιότατον εἶναι Id.Rh. 1404a31

    ; in full, ψιλοὶ λ. prose, ib. b33 (but ψιλοὶ λ., = arguments without diagrams, Pl.Tht. 165a); λ. πεζοί, opp. ποιητική, D.H.Comp.6; opp. ποιήματα, ib.15;

    κοινὰ καὶ ποιημάτων καὶ λόγων Phld.Po.5.7

    ; πεζὸς λ. ib.27, al.
    b of the constituents of lyric or dramatic poetry, words,

    τὸ μέλος ἐκ τριῶν.. λόγου τε καὶ ἁρμονίας καὶ ῥυθμοῦ Pl.R. 398d

    ; opp. πρᾶξις, Arist.Po. 1454a18; dramatic dialogue, opp. τὰ τοῦ χοροῦ, ib. 1449a17.
    3 Gramm., phrase, complex term, opp. ὄνομα, Id.SE 165a13; λ. ὀνοματώδης noun- phrase, Id.APo. 93b30, cf. Rh. 1407b27; expression, D.H.Th.2, Demetr.Eloc.92.
    b sentence, complete statement, "

    ἄνθρωπος μανθάνει λόγον εἶναί φῃς.. ἐλάχιστόν τε καὶ πρῶτον Pl.Sph. 262c

    ;

    λ. αὐτοτελής A.D.Synt.3.6

    , D.T.634.1; ῥηθῆναι λόγῳ to be expressed in a sentence, Pl.Tht. 202b; λ. ἔχειν to be capable of being so expressed, ib. 201e, cf. Arist.Rh. 1404b26.
    c language, τὰ τοῦ λ. μέρη parts of speech, Chrysipp.Stoic.2.31, S.E.M.9.350, etc.;

    τὰ μόρια τοῦ λ. D.H.Comp.6

    ;

    μέρος λ. D.T.633.26

    , A.D.Pron.4.6, al. (but ἓν μέρος <τοῦ cod.> λόγου one word, Id.Synt.340.10, cf. 334.22); περὶ τῶν στοιχείων τοῦ λ., title of work by Chrysippus.
    X the Word or Wisdom of God, personified as his agent in creation and world-government,

    ὁ παντοδύναμός σου λ. LXX Wi.18.15

    ;

    ὁ ἐκ νοὸς φωτεινὸς λ. υἱὸς θεοῦ Corp.Herm.1.6

    , cf. Plu.2.376c; λ. θεοῦ δι' οὗ κατεσκευάσθη [ὁ κόσμος] Ph.1.162; τῆς τοῦ θεοῦ σοφίας· ἡ δέ ἐστιν ὁ θεοῦ λ. ib.56; λ. θεῖος.. εἰκὼν θεοῦ ib. 561, cf. 501; τὸν τομέα τῶν συμπάντων [θεοῦ] λ. ib. 492; τὸν ἄγγελον ὅς ἐστι λ. ib. 122: in NT identified with the person of Christ,

    ἐν ἀρχῇ ἦν ὁ λ. Ev.Jo.1.1

    , cf. 14, 1 Ep.Jo.2.7, Apoc.19.13;

    ὁ λ. τῆς ζωῆς 1 Ep.Jo.1.1

    .

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > λόγος

  • 44 دبر

    دَبَّرَ \ devise: to plan with skill: We devised a plan of escape. manage: to control (a person, an animal, a business, etc.). organize: to plan and arrange (an activity; people concerned in an activity) so as to get effective results: The meeting was so well organized that no time was wasted. \ See Also أدار (أَدَارَ)، نظم (نَظَّمَ)‏ \ دَبَّرَ الأمْرَ \ handle: to deal with (people, machines, difficulties, etc.): She handled that difficult situation very well. \ دَبَّرَ أُمور المَنْزِلِ \ keep house: to look after the work of a house. \ دَبَّرَ شؤونَ... \ administer: to control, (esp. business or money affairs). \ دَبَّر مَكِيدَةً \ conspire: to make secret plans with others for a criminal purpose: They conspired to steal the money. intrigue: to plan secretly. plot: make secret plans: They were plotting against (or plotting an attack on) the government. scheme: to make a plan (usu. a dishonest one): They were scheming (how) to steal her jewels. \ See Also تآمر (تآمَرَ)‏ \ دَبَّسَ \ pin: to fasten with a pin. staple: to fix with staples: The electric wires were stapled to the wall. The papers were stapled together.

    Arabic-English dictionary > دبر

  • 45 שמש

    שָׁמַשPi. שִׁימֵּש (Shaf. of מוש, משש) 1) (to handle, be busy,) to minister, officiate. Yoma VII, 5 כהן גדול מְשַׁמֵּשוכ׳ the high priest officiates in eight garments, and the common priests in four. Y. ib. 44b bot. מפני מה אינו משמשוכ׳ why does he not officiate (on the Day of Atonement) dressed in gold? Lev. R. s. 21 מקדש ראשוןע״י ששִׁמְּשוּ בווכ׳ during the first Temple, because they ministered in faithfulness, only eighteen high priests officiated in it. Yoma 47a ש׳ תחתיו officiated in his place. Ib. וכולן שמשו בכהונהוכ׳ and all of them performed the functions of high priesthood. Y.Sot.IX, 24a אלו שימשו פרנסות the former served in an administrative capacity (not merely as scholars). Tanḥ. Bo 4 חשך ואפלה שמשו … ולא עתידין לשַׁמֵּש ‘darkness and mist served (as divine agents) in Egypt, but ‘void and waste never served, and never shall serve; Yalk. Is. 360. Gen. R. 8. 33, end לא שמשו מזלותוכ׳ the planets did not perform their functions during all the twelve months (of the flood); שמשו אלא … ניכר they did act, only that their mark was not recognizable. Y.Yoma III, 41a top חמשה … הסגן משמש the Sagan had five functions to perform. Tam.V, 5 שלשה … מְשַׁמֶּשֶׁת it served three purposes. Midd. I, 6 ומה היו מְשַׁמְּשוֹת and what were they used for? R. Hash. 3a כי משמשוכ׳ ki serves for four meanings, v. דִּילְמָא I; a. fr.Euphem. ש׳ מטתו, or only ש׳ to perform the marital duty; in gen. to couple (also of animals). Nidd.17a. Ib. II, 1. Bekh.8a; Gen. R. s. 20; a. fr.Mikv. VIII, 4 שִׁמְּשָׁה את ביתה, v. בַּיִת.Ned.II, 1 קונם שאיני מְשַׁמְּשָׁךְ I vow that I will not have intercourse with thee. Ib. 15b; Keth.71b מְשַׁמַּשְׁתּוֹ she must allow him marital intercourse; a. fr. 2) (denom. of שַׁמָּש) to attend, serve, wait upon. Ab. I, 3 המְשַׁמְּשִׁין את הרב, v. עֶבֶר. Sabb.32b זוכה ומשמשין לווכ׳ he will live to see himself waited upon by two thousand … servants. Kidd.32b מצינו גדול ממנו שש׳ we find that a greater man than he waited (upon his guests); Yalk. Ex. 229; a. fr.Esp. (of students) to be in attendance upon a scholar as a disciple. Ber.47b אפי׳ … ולא ש׳ תלמידיוכ׳ even if one has studied the Bible and the Mishnah, but has failed to wait upon scholars, he is considered an ʿam haarets (v. אֶרֶץ). Sot.47b שלא שִׁימְּשוּ כל צורכן who did not wait upon scholars sufficiently. Y.Sabb.X, 12c bot. שִׁמַּשְׁתִּי את אבאוכ׳, v. יְשִׁיבָה Ib. III, 6a (in Chald. dict.) ילא שי׳, v. סָבוֹרָא; a. fr. Hithpa. הִשְׁתַּמֵּש, Nithpa. נִשְׁתַּמֵּש (with ב) to be handled, be used for; (of persons) to make use of, be waited upon. Snh.48b נ׳ בהן קודש אסור להִשְׁתַּמֵּש בהן חול having once been used for a sacred purpose, it is forbidden to use them for a secular purpose. B. Mets.84b כלישנ׳ … יִשְׁתַּמֵּש בו חול shall a vessel that has been used for a sacred purpose, be used for a profane purpose (i. e. shall I marry one inferior to my first husband)? Midr. Till., to Ps. 119:134 כלישנ׳ בו מלךוכ׳ a vessel which the king has used, v. סָגָן. Ḥull.60b שיִשְׁתַּמְּשוּ בכתר אחד, v. כֶּתֶר. Koh. R. to II, 5 ברוחות … מִשְׁתַּמֵשוכ׳ Solomon made use of the spirits, and he sent to India Ber.52b אסור להשתמש בשמשוכ׳ you must not be waited upon by an ignorant waiter. Gen. R. s. 37; Yalk. ib. 62 שהיו מִשְׁתַּמְּשִׁין ברוה״ק (not משמשין) who made use of (acted under) holy inspiration; a. fr.

    Jewish literature > שמש

  • 46 שָׁמַש

    שָׁמַשPi. שִׁימֵּש (Shaf. of מוש, משש) 1) (to handle, be busy,) to minister, officiate. Yoma VII, 5 כהן גדול מְשַׁמֵּשוכ׳ the high priest officiates in eight garments, and the common priests in four. Y. ib. 44b bot. מפני מה אינו משמשוכ׳ why does he not officiate (on the Day of Atonement) dressed in gold? Lev. R. s. 21 מקדש ראשוןע״י ששִׁמְּשוּ בווכ׳ during the first Temple, because they ministered in faithfulness, only eighteen high priests officiated in it. Yoma 47a ש׳ תחתיו officiated in his place. Ib. וכולן שמשו בכהונהוכ׳ and all of them performed the functions of high priesthood. Y.Sot.IX, 24a אלו שימשו פרנסות the former served in an administrative capacity (not merely as scholars). Tanḥ. Bo 4 חשך ואפלה שמשו … ולא עתידין לשַׁמֵּש ‘darkness and mist served (as divine agents) in Egypt, but ‘void and waste never served, and never shall serve; Yalk. Is. 360. Gen. R. 8. 33, end לא שמשו מזלותוכ׳ the planets did not perform their functions during all the twelve months (of the flood); שמשו אלא … ניכר they did act, only that their mark was not recognizable. Y.Yoma III, 41a top חמשה … הסגן משמש the Sagan had five functions to perform. Tam.V, 5 שלשה … מְשַׁמֶּשֶׁת it served three purposes. Midd. I, 6 ומה היו מְשַׁמְּשוֹת and what were they used for? R. Hash. 3a כי משמשוכ׳ ki serves for four meanings, v. דִּילְמָא I; a. fr.Euphem. ש׳ מטתו, or only ש׳ to perform the marital duty; in gen. to couple (also of animals). Nidd.17a. Ib. II, 1. Bekh.8a; Gen. R. s. 20; a. fr.Mikv. VIII, 4 שִׁמְּשָׁה את ביתה, v. בַּיִת.Ned.II, 1 קונם שאיני מְשַׁמְּשָׁךְ I vow that I will not have intercourse with thee. Ib. 15b; Keth.71b מְשַׁמַּשְׁתּוֹ she must allow him marital intercourse; a. fr. 2) (denom. of שַׁמָּש) to attend, serve, wait upon. Ab. I, 3 המְשַׁמְּשִׁין את הרב, v. עֶבֶר. Sabb.32b זוכה ומשמשין לווכ׳ he will live to see himself waited upon by two thousand … servants. Kidd.32b מצינו גדול ממנו שש׳ we find that a greater man than he waited (upon his guests); Yalk. Ex. 229; a. fr.Esp. (of students) to be in attendance upon a scholar as a disciple. Ber.47b אפי׳ … ולא ש׳ תלמידיוכ׳ even if one has studied the Bible and the Mishnah, but has failed to wait upon scholars, he is considered an ʿam haarets (v. אֶרֶץ). Sot.47b שלא שִׁימְּשוּ כל צורכן who did not wait upon scholars sufficiently. Y.Sabb.X, 12c bot. שִׁמַּשְׁתִּי את אבאוכ׳, v. יְשִׁיבָה Ib. III, 6a (in Chald. dict.) ילא שי׳, v. סָבוֹרָא; a. fr. Hithpa. הִשְׁתַּמֵּש, Nithpa. נִשְׁתַּמֵּש (with ב) to be handled, be used for; (of persons) to make use of, be waited upon. Snh.48b נ׳ בהן קודש אסור להִשְׁתַּמֵּש בהן חול having once been used for a sacred purpose, it is forbidden to use them for a secular purpose. B. Mets.84b כלישנ׳ … יִשְׁתַּמֵּש בו חול shall a vessel that has been used for a sacred purpose, be used for a profane purpose (i. e. shall I marry one inferior to my first husband)? Midr. Till., to Ps. 119:134 כלישנ׳ בו מלךוכ׳ a vessel which the king has used, v. סָגָן. Ḥull.60b שיִשְׁתַּמְּשוּ בכתר אחד, v. כֶּתֶר. Koh. R. to II, 5 ברוחות … מִשְׁתַּמֵשוכ׳ Solomon made use of the spirits, and he sent to India Ber.52b אסור להשתמש בשמשוכ׳ you must not be waited upon by an ignorant waiter. Gen. R. s. 37; Yalk. ib. 62 שהיו מִשְׁתַּמְּשִׁין ברוה״ק (not משמשין) who made use of (acted under) holy inspiration; a. fr.

    Jewish literature > שָׁמַש

  • 47 К-454

    КУДА КАК... coll, often iron (Particle Invar foil. by AdjP usu. short form or compar) or AdvP (which in some English equivalents may be replaced by a corresponding NP) fixed WO
    very (much), to a great degree: куда как весело (интересно и т. п.)! - what could be more fun (interesting etc)!
    what fun (how interesting etc)! (when used ironically only) a lot of fun (that would be etc)!
    куда как умен (независим и т. п.) = (he etc is) so smart (independent etc)
    (he etc is) as smart (independent etc) as could be (as they come)
    куда как лучше (значительнее и т. п.) — far (a lot) better (more important etc)
    what could be better (more important etc) much better ( more important etc)
    Meg куда как не глуп (не юн и т. п.) = far from stupid (young etc)
    (Катерина:) Ну, бери меня с собой, бери!.. (Кабанов:) Куда как весело с тобой ехать! (Островский 6). (Kat.) Well, take me with you, take me!... (K.) A lot of fun it would be to travel with you! (6a).
    Приедет (деревенская старуха), живет и первое время куда как довольна. И готовит, и стирает, и внуков в школу снаряжает, да еще и в церковь сходит, свечку за упокой души своего старика поставит (Войнович 1). She (the old country woman) arrived, lived in Moscow a while, and at first was as pleased as could be. She cooked, did the washing, outfitted her grandchildren for school, and went to church to light a candle tor her late husbands soul (1a).
    С с-сединой куда как л-лучше. Сейчас, говорят, с-седые мужчины в моду вошли» (Семенов 1). "It's m-much better with g-grey hair. They say grey-haired m-men are in fashion now" (1a).
    «Советы и раньше уже были... - в иных случаях они тогда распоряжались куда как авторитетней и решительней, чем впоследствии, когда все государство стало именоваться „советским"» (Копелев 1). "The Soviets had existed earlier;...in some cases they handled things with much more authority and decisiveness than they did later, when the entire state was called 'soviet.'" (1a).
    Письмо было куда как не глупое и первый русский трезвый голос с Запада (Лимонов 1)... It was a far from stupid letter and the first sober Russian voice in the West (1a)

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > К-454

  • 48 куда как...

    • КУДА КАК... coll, often iron
    [Particle; Invar; foll. by AdjP (usu. short form or compar) or AdvP (which in some English equivalents may be replaced by a corresponding NP); fixed WO]
    =====
    ⇒ very (much), to a great degree:
    - куда как весело (интересно и т. п.)! - what could be more fun (interesting etc)!;
    - what fun (how interesting etc)!;
    - [when used ironically only] a lot of fun (that would be etc)!;
    || куда как умен (независим и т. п.) ≈ (he etc is) so smart (independent etc);
    - (he etc is) as smart (independent etc) as could be (as they come);
    || куда как лучше (значительнее и т. п.) ≈ far (a lot) better (more important etc);
    - what could be better (more important etc);
    - much better ( more important etc);
    || Neg куда как не глуп (не юн и т. п.) ≈ far from stupid (young etc).
         ♦ [Катерина:] Ну, бери меня с собой, бери!.. [Кабанов:] Куда как весело с тобой ехать! (Островский 6). [Kat. ] Well, take me with you, take me!... [K. ] A lot of fun it would be to travel with you! (6a).
         ♦ Приедет [деревенская старуха], живет и первое время куда как довольна. И готовит, и стирает, и внуков в школу снаряжает, да еще и в церковь сходит, свечку за упокой души своего старика поставит (Войнович 1). She [the old country woman] arrived, lived in Moscow a while, and at first was as pleased as could be. She cooked, did the washing, outfitted her grandchildren for school, and went to church to light a candle tor her late husbands soul (1a).
         ♦ "С с-сединой куда как л-лучше. Сейчас, говорят, с-седые мужчины в моду вошли" (Семенов 1). "It's m-much better with g-grey hair. They say grey-haired m-men are in fashion now" (1a).
         ♦ "Советы и раньше уже были... - в иных случаях они тогда распоряжались куда как авторитетней и решительней, чем впоследствии, когда все государство стало именоваться "советским"" (Копелев 1). "The soviets had existed earlier;...in some cases they handled things with much more authority and decisiveness than they did later, when the entire state was called 'soviet.'" (1a).
         ♦...Письмо было куда как не глупое и первый русский трезвый голос с Запада (Лимонов 1)... It was a far from stupid letter and the first sober Russian voice in the West (1a)

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > куда как...

  • 49 Г-234

    ВИСЕТЬ НАД ГОЛОВОЙ VP subj: usu. abstr)
    1. (of a disaster, death, sth. dangerous etc) to be imminent, threaten, impend
    X висит над головой — X is looming (in the distance (on the horizon, in front of person Y))
    X is in the offing X is hanging over person Y (over person Y% head).
    На фронте, где смерть постоянно висела над головой, он вёл себя геройски, а тюрьма его сломала. At the front, where death was constantly looming, he acted heroically, but prison broke him.
    2. Also: ВИСЕТЬ НА НОСУ coll (of sth. that causes the person involved concern, sth. he does not have the time, means, or desire to handle) to need to be handled, done etc immediately, without delay, be imperative
    X висит над головой - X is hanging over person Y (over person Yb head)
    X is staring person Y in the face.
    Обе соседки в бригаде строителей, самой легкой и аристократической на ОЛПе - не висит норма над головой, остаются в зоне (всегда можно словчить в барак погреться), а главное — постоянная работа... (Иоффе 1). Both my neighbors were on the construction team, the least onerous and the most "aristocratic" in the camp. No quotas hung over their heads, they stayed in the main zone (always possible to sneak into the barracks for a warm-up) and most important of all, the work was permanent... (1a).

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > Г-234

  • 50 висеть на носу

    [VP; subj; usu. abstr]
    =====
    1. (of a disaster, death, sth. dangerous etc) to be imminent, threaten, impend:
    - X висит над головой≈ X is looming (in the distance <on the horizon, in front of person Y>);
    - X is hanging over person Y < over person Y's head>.
         ♦ На фронте, где смерть постоянно висела над головой, он вёл себя геройски, а тюрьма его сломала. At the front, where death was constantly looming, he acted heroically, but prison broke him.
    2. Also: ВИСЕТЬ НА НОСУ coll (of sth. that causes the person involved concern, sth. he does not have the time, means, or desire to handle) to need to be handled, done etc immediately, without delay, be imperative:
    - X висит над головой≈ X is hanging over person Y (over person Y's head);
    - X is staring person Y in the face.
         ♦ Обе соседки в бригаде строителей, самой легкой и аристократической на ОЛПе - не висит норма над головой, остаются в зоне (всегда можно словчить в барак погреться), а главное - постоянная работа... (Иоффе 1). Both my neighbors were on the construction team, the least onerous and the most "aristocratic" in the camp. No quotas hung over their heads, they stayed in the main zone (always possible to sneak into the barracks for a warm-up) and most important of all, the work was permanent... (1a).

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > висеть на носу

  • 51 висеть над головой

    [VP; subj; usu. abstr]
    =====
    1. (of a disaster, death, sth. dangerous etc) to be imminent, threaten, impend:
    - X висит над головой≈ X is looming (in the distance <on the horizon, in front of person Y>);
    - X is hanging over person Y < over person Y's head>.
         ♦ На фронте, где смерть постоянно висела над головой, он вёл себя геройски, а тюрьма его сломала. At the front, where death was constantly looming, he acted heroically, but prison broke him.
    2. Also: ВИСЕТЬ НА НОСУ coll (of sth. that causes the person involved concern, sth. he does not have the time, means, or desire to handle) to need to be handled, done etc immediately, without delay, be imperative:
    - X висит над головой≈ X is hanging over person Y (over person Y's head);
    - X is staring person Y in the face.
         ♦ Обе соседки в бригаде строителей, самой легкой и аристократической на ОЛПе - не висит норма над головой, остаются в зоне (всегда можно словчить в барак погреться), а главное - постоянная работа... (Иоффе 1). Both my neighbors were on the construction team, the least onerous and the most "aristocratic" in the camp. No quotas hung over their heads, they stayed in the main zone (always possible to sneak into the barracks for a warm-up) and most important of all, the work was permanent... (1a).

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > висеть над головой

  • 52 Souverän

    I Adj.
    1. (überlegen) supreme; Sieg: commanding, overwhelming; (die Lage beherrschend) in complete control (of the situation); (nicht aus der Ruhe zu bringen) unflappable; er blieb ganz souverän auch he remained unfazed; souveräne Beherrschung eines Gebiets: commanding knowledge; souveräner Sieger / Meister commanding ( oder convincing) winner / supreme champion; souveränes Lächeln superior smile; souverän! umg. that was classy
    2. POL. sovereign; souverän werden achieve sovereignty
    II Adv. with the greatest of ease; (gelassen) unperturbed; (großartig) in superior style; souverän gewinnen win commandingly ( oder convincingly); ein Gebiet / die Lage souverän beherrschen have a commanding knowledge of a subject / complete control of the situation; er hat alles souverän gehandhabt auch he handled it all with great authority, he took it all in his stride
    * * *
    der Souverän
    sovereign
    * * *
    Sou|ve|rän [zuvə'rɛːn]
    m -s, -e
    sovereign; (= Parlament, Organisation) sovereign power
    * * *
    der
    1) (a king or queen.) sovereign
    2) ((of a country) self-governing: a sovereign state.) sovereign
    * * *
    Sou·ve·rän
    <-s, -e>
    [zuvəˈrɛ:n]
    m
    ▪ der \Souverän the voting public [or voters] pl
    2. (veraltend: Herrscher) sovereign
    * * *
    der; Souveräns, Souveräne sovereign
    * * *
    Souverän m; -s, -e sovereign
    * * *
    der; Souveräns, Souveräne sovereign
    * * *
    -en m.
    sovereign n.

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > Souverän

  • 53 organización

    f.
    1 organization, hierarchy, array, structure.
    2 institution, entity, organism, foundation.
    3 organizing.
    * * *
    1 organization
    * * *
    noun f.
    * * *
    OPEP
    * * *
    femenino organization

    una organización sindical — a labor (AmE) o (BrE) trade union

    * * *
    femenino organization

    una organización sindical — a labor (AmE) o (BrE) trade union

    * * *
    organización1
    1 = establishment, organisation [organization, -USA], institution.

    Ex: Since BC adheres closely to the educational and scientific consensus, BC found most favour with libraries in educational establishments.

    Ex: The author of a document is the person or organisation responsible for its creation.
    Ex: The distinction between 'societies' and 'institutions' lies at the heart of the code.
    * Comité de las Organizaciones = Committee of Agricultural Producer Organizations (COPA).
    * comportamiento de las organizaciones = organisational behaviour.
    * comunicación dentro de una organización = organisational communication.
    * conducta de las organizaciones = organisational behaviour.
    * OPEC, la [Organización de Países Exportadores de Petróleo] = OPEC [Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries].
    * organigrama de una organización = organisation chart.
    * organización afiliada = sister organisation.
    * organización agraria = agricultural organisation.
    * organización a la que pertenece = parent organisation.
    * organización benéfica = aid agency, aid organisation.
    * organización cívica = community organisation.
    * Organización Cultural, Científica y Educativa de las Naciones Unidas (UNESCO = UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization).
    * organización de voluntariado = voluntary body, voluntary agency, voluntary organisation.
    * organización empresarial = business organisation.
    * organización intergubernamental (OIG) = intergovernmental organisation (IGO).
    * organización internacional = international organisation.
    * Organización Internacional del Trabajo (OIT) = International Labour Organisation (ILO).
    * Organización Internacional de Normalización = ISO.
    * organización mafiosa = crime syndicate.
    * organización miembro de una asociación = partner organisation.
    * Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) = World Health Organisation (WHO).
    * Organización Mundial para el Comercio = World Trade Organization (WTO).
    * Organización para la Alimentación y la Agricultura (FAO) = FAO (Food and Agriculture Organisation).
    * Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económico (OCDE) = Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD).
    * organización que actúa en representación de otras = umbrella organisation.
    * OTAN (Organización del Tratado del Atlántico Norte) = NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organisation).
    * una pieza más en la organización = a cog in the wheel, a cog in the machine.
    * uno más de tantos en la organización = a cog in the wheel, a cog in the machine.

    organización2
    2 = logistics, map, mapping, organisational setting, organising [organizing, -USA], setup [set-up], organisation [organization, -USA], work organisation, staging, set-up, structuring, implementation.

    Ex: Donald P Hammer, Executive Secretary of LITA, and Dorothy Butler, the Division's Administrative Secretary, handled all of the administrative details, arrangements, and logistics.

    Ex: A detailed study of a co-citation map, its core documents' citation patterns and the related journal structures, is presented.
    Ex: Recently, proponents of co-citation cluster analysis have claimed that in principle their methodology makes possible the mapping of science using the data in the Science Citation Index.
    Ex: Many students, after working with cases, have testified to the help they received in developing a clearer concept of the dynamics of human relationships in organizational settings.
    Ex: No course on management would be complete without articulating the principles of management (i.e., planning, organizing, staffing, directing, controlling).
    Ex: 'You know,' she had said amiably, 'there might be a better job for you here once things get rolling with this new regional setup'.
    Ex: This article discusses the history of the organisation of readers' camps for students of secondary schools in Slovakia which dates back to 1979.
    Ex: Quality of Work Life (QWL) can be defined as 'the degree to which members of a work organisation are able to satisfy important personal needs through their experiences in the organisation'.
    Ex: The author describes the success of a library in staging a series of music concerts as a public relations exercise.
    Ex: Areas of particular concern are: equipment set-up and use; helping develop search strategies, logon/logoff procedures; and emergency assistance when things go wrong.
    Ex: There are also suggestions for rules for structuring corporate body names.
    Ex: This software is important to the further implementation of the record format, especially in developing countries.
    * conocimientos básicos de búsqueda, recuperación y organización de la informa = information literacy.
    * desorganización = disorganisation [disorganization, -USA].
    * metaorganización = meta-organisation.
    * modelo de organización = organisational scheme.
    * organización bibliográfica = bibliographic organisation.
    * organización bibliotecaria = library organisation.
    * organización del trabajo = workflow [work flow], working arrangement.
    * organización de materias = subject organisation.
    * organización horizontal = flat organisation, horizontal organisation.
    * organización interna = organisational structure.
    * organización laboral = job structuring.
    * reorganización = respacing.
    * una organización de = a pattern of.

    * * *
    1 (acción) organization
    2 (agrupación, institución) organization
    una organización ecologista an ecological organization
    una organización sindical a labor ( AmE) o ( BrE) trade union
    organización de bienestar social welfare organization
    Compuestos:
    Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development
    World Intellectual Property Organization
    World Trade Organization
    * * *

     

    organización sustantivo femenino
    organization
    organización sustantivo femenino
    1 organization: la organización del concierto fue un desastre, the concert was disastrously organized
    2 (asociación) organization
    Organización No Gubernamental (ONG), Non-Governmental Organization (NGO)
    ' organización' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    adherirse
    - aparato
    - desactivar
    - endosar
    - entrar
    - escala
    - F.A.O.
    - INTERPOL
    - lucro
    - mafiosa
    - mafioso
    - ONG
    - OTAN
    - OUA
    - sede
    - seno
    - terrorista
    - adhesión
    - articulación
    - barón
    - boda
    - caritativo
    - correr
    - cuadro
    - cúspide
    - depurar
    - disolución
    - disolver
    - emplear
    - entidad
    - funcionario
    - infiltrar
    - ingresar
    - ingreso
    - integrar
    - jerarquía
    - marina
    - miembro
    - obra
    - ONCE
    - ONU
    - permanencia
    - pertenencia
    - programación
    - radio
    - remodelación
    - remodelar
    - renovación
    - renovar
    - representar
    English:
    base
    - charitable
    - charity
    - disband
    - entrance
    - Interpol
    - join
    - lead
    - motto
    - NATO
    - NGO
    - nonprofit
    - organization
    - outfit
    - patron
    - picketing
    - PLO
    - policy
    - reshape
    - service
    - set-up
    - shake up
    - show
    - start
    - superintendent
    - system
    - top-heavy
    - trust
    - umbrella organisation
    - voluntary organization
    - watchdog
    - credit
    - in-house
    - insider
    - second
    - syndicate
    - united
    * * *
    1. [orden] organization
    2. [organismo] organization;
    las organizaciones sindicales the trade o US labor unions
    organización de ayuda humanitaria humanitarian aid organization;
    organización benéfica charity, charitable organization;
    organización de consumidores consumer organization;
    Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económico Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development;
    Organización de Estados Americanos Organization of American States;
    Organización Internacional de Normalización International Standards Organization;
    Organización Internacional del Trabajo International Labour Organization;
    Organización para la Liberación de Palestina Palestine Liberation Organization;
    Organización Mundial del Comercio World Trade Organization;
    Organización Mundial de la Salud World Health Organization;
    Organización de las Naciones Unidas United Nations Organization;
    organización no gubernamental non-governmental organization;
    Organización de Países Exportadores de Petróleo Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries;
    Organización para la Seguridad y Cooperación en Europa Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe;
    Organización para la Unidad Africana Organization of African Unity;
    Organización del Tratado del Atlántico Norte North Atlantic Treaty Organization
    * * *
    f organization
    * * *
    organización nf, pl - ciones : organization
    * * *
    organización n organization

    Spanish-English dictionary > organización

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  • Handled the ball — is a method of dismissal in the sport of cricket. DefinitionLaw 33 of the Laws of cricket provides that: Either batsman is out Handled the ball if he wilfully touches the ball while in play with a hand or hands not holding the bat unless he does… …   Wikipedia

  • Handled the ball — Lexique du cricket Le cricket est un sport qui dispose d un lexique complexe : les termes techniques et expressions qu on y emploie de manière spécifique sont nombreux[1]. Sommaire : Haut A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q …   Wikipédia en Français

  • DuBarry Was a Lady — Music Cole Porter Lyrics Cole Porter Book Herbert Fields and B.G. DeSylva Productions 1939 Broadway 1942 West End 1993 and 2001 …   Wikipedia

  • I Can't Believe You Said That — I Can t Believe You Said That! was the title of a short lived game show that aired from August 1998 to early 1999 on Fox Family Channel with a companion series, Outrageous , and was a charter original series of the relaunched network. The show… …   Wikipedia

  • It's My Own Cheating Heart That Makes Me Cry — Infobox Single Name = It s My Own Cheating Heart That Makes Me Cry Cover size = Border = Caption = Artist = Glasvegas Album = A side = B side = Be My Baby Released = February 7, 2008 Format = Download, 7 , promo CD Recorded = Central Sound… …   Wikipedia

  • Norman, Is That You? — is a 1970 play in two acts by American playwrights Ron Clark and Sam Bobrick about a Jewish couple coming to terms with their son s homosexuality. The work is notably the first play written by both writers. After 19 preview performances, the play …   Wikipedia

  • Nightmares That Surface from Shallow Sleep — Studio album by Warcloud Released …   Wikipedia

  • One Wonderful Day — Desperate Housewives episode Mary Alice (Brenda Strong) opens the door to find a surprising visitor. One Wonder …   Wikipedia

  • Luke Ravenstahl — Infobox Mayor | Luke Ravenstahl order=58th Mayor of Pittsburgh term start=September 1, 2006 term end= predecessor=Bob O Connor successor=Incumbent birth date= birth date and age |mf=yes| 1980 | 02 | 6 birth place= Troy Hill, Pittsburgh,… …   Wikipedia

  • Early western influence in Fujian — That people from the Western hemisphere have been visiting China from before the Christian era is beyond doubt. The first known name of a westerner is that of Alopen and he came from Syria in about 635. He may have been a Nestorian priest and his …   Wikipedia

  • hand tool — any tool or implement designed for manual operation. * * * Introduction  any of the implements used by craftsmen in manual operations, such as chopping, chiseling, sawing, filing, or forging. Complementary tools, often needed as auxiliaries to… …   Universalium

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