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121 частный случай
particular/special case -
122 безгражданство безгражданств·о
юр.Russian-english dctionary of diplomacy > безгражданство безгражданств·о
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123 sé
pron riflessivo [se]pensa solo a sé o se stesso — he thinks only of himself
va da sé che... — it goes without saying that..., it's obvious that..., it stands to reason that...
si chiude da sé — (porta) it closes automatically
chi fa da sé fa per tre Proverbio — if you want something done well o properly do it yourself
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124 предыдущий
previous; precedingВ предыдущем примере можно было бы определить полезность портфеля как … — In the previous example, we could define the utility of the portfolio as …
Все предыдущее обсуждение можно рассматривать как частный случай, когда существует единственный товар. — All the previous discussion can be viewed as the special case in which there is a single good.
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125 равновесие по Вальрасу
Равновесие по Вальрасу является частным случаем равновесия с трансфертами. — A Walrasian equilibrium is a special case of equilibrium with transfers.
Russian-English Dictionary "Microeconomics" > равновесие по Вальрасу
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126 species
spĕcĭes, ēi ( gen. sing. specie or specii, Matius ap. Gell. 9, 14, 15; gen. and dat. plur. were not in use in Cicero's time, but formarum, formis were used instead; cf. Cic. Top. 7, 30.—At a later period were introduced:I.specierum,
Pall. Oct. 14, 15; Cod. Just. 1, 2, 10; Cael. Aur. Tard. 1, 5, § 151; cf. Charis. p. 18 P.; and Diom. p. 281 P.:speciebus,
App. ad Asclep. p. 92, 25; Cod. Just. 11, 9, 1 al.; Dig. 28, 2, 29, § 10), f. [specio].Act., a seeing, sight, look, view (rare; cf.II.aspectus): speciem quo vortimus,
Lucr. 4, 242; so id. 4, 236 (for which, a little before, visus); 5, 707; 5, 724; Vitr. 3, 2 fin.; 5, 9:si tantis intervallis nostra species potest id animadvertere,
id. 9, 4:qui sensus nostros specie primā acerrime commovent,
Cic. de Or. 3, 25, 98:qui doloris speciem ferre non possunt,
id. Tusc. 2, 23, 54.—Pass., prop. that which is seen in a thing, i. e. the outward appearance, outside, exterior; shape, form, figure, mien, etc. (freq. and class.; syn. forma).A.Lit.:2.praeter speciem stultus,
Plaut. Most. 4, 2, 49:quod speciem ac formam similem gerit ejus imago,
Lucr. 4, 52; cf.:quae species formaque pugnae, qui motus hominum non ita expictus est, ut, etc.,
outlines, contours, Cic. Tusc. 5, 39, 114:esse aliquem humanā specie et figurā,
id. Rosc. Am. 22, 63:hominis esse specie deos confitendum est,
id. N. D. 1, 18, 48:edepol specie lepida mulier!
Plaut. Rud. 2, 4, 2; cf.:bellan' videtur specie mulier?
id. Bacch. 4, 7, 40; id. Most. 1, 3, 23; id. Mil. 4, 2, 10; 4, 6, 20:urbis speciem vidi,
id. Pers. 4, 4, 2; so,species praeclara oppidi,
Cic. Rep. 3, 32, 44; id. Verr. 2, 4, 58, § 129:sphaerae (Archimedeae), etc.,
id. Rep. 1, 14, 21:navium,
Caes. B. G. 4, 25; cf.:nova atque inusitata,
id. ib. 2, 31:horribilis,
id. ib. 7, 36:agro bene culto nihil potest esse specie ornatius,
Cic. Sen. 16, 57:horum hominum species est honestissima,
id. Cat. 2, 8, 18:ad speciem magnifico ornatu,
as to outward appearance, id. Verr. 2, 1, 22, § 58:populi,
id. Rep. 3, 33, 45:nec ulla deformior species est civitatis, quam illa, in quā opulentissimi optimi putantur,
id. Rep. 1, 34, 51: speciem honesti habere, the look or semblance of what is right, id. Off. 3, 2, 7:turba majorem quam pro numero speciem ferens,
Curt. 3, 2, 3; cf.:fallaces sunt rerum species, quibus credimus,
Sen. Ben. 4, 34, 1.—Something seen, a spectacle, sight, appearance:3.ponite itaque ante oculos miseram quidem illam ac flebilem speciem,
Cic. Phil. 11, 3:non tulit hanc speciem furiatā mente Coroebus,
Verg. A. 2, 407 (cf. I. supra).—Trop., that which is seen by the mind, an idea, notion: hanc illi idean appellabant:B.nos recte speciem possumus dicere,
Cic. Ac. 1, 8, 30; cf. id. Top. 7, 30:insidebat in ejus mente species eloquentiae,
id. Or. 5, 18:excellentis eloquentiae speciem et formam adumbrabimus,
id. ib. 14, 43:species, forma et notio viri boni,
id. Off. 3, 20, 81; cf.:prima sit haec forma et species et origo tyranni,
id. Rep. 2, 29, 51:qui species alias veri scelerisque capiet,
Hor. S. 2, 3, 208:utinam non inanes species anxio animo figuraret,
Curt. 7, 1, 36.—In partic.1.A look, show, seeming, appearance, semblance, pretence, cloak, color, pretext, etc. (opp. that which is real, actual, etc.).a.In gen.:b. (α).obiciuntur saepe formae, quae reapse nullae sunt, speciem autem offerunt,
Cic. Div. 1, 37, 81:ista securitas specie quidem blanda sed reapse, etc.,
id. Lael. 13, 47:cujus rei species erat acceptio frumenti,
Sall. J. 29, 4:fraudi imponere aliquam speciem juris,
Liv. 9, 11:specie liberā... re verā, etc.,
id. 35, 31; cf.:litteras inanis vanā specie libertatis adumbratas esse,
id. 33, 31, 2 Weissenb. ad loc.:plurimi ibi a fallaci equitum specie agasonibusque excepti sunt,
id. 7, 15, 7:si dux primam speciem adpropinquantis terroris sustinuisset,
id. 44, 6, 6 Weissenb. ad loc.:quae (nomina) primā specie admirationem, re explicatā risum movent,
Cic. Fin. 4, 22, 61:quaedam humanitatis habent primam speciem ut misericordia,
id. Tusc. 4, 14, 32:similitudinem quandam speciemque sapientium gerere,
id. Off. 3, 4, 16:si speciem utilitatis voluptas habere dicetur,
id. ib. 3, 33, 120.— Hence,With abl.:(β).fortis viros specie quādam virtutis adsimulatae tenebat,
Cic. Cael. 6, 14.—With sub:(γ).sub specie tutelae liberūm ejus invasisse regnum,
Curt. 9, 2, 7; 10, 6, 21; Liv. 44, 24, 4.—With per:(δ).per speciem celebrandarum cantu epularum,
Liv. 9, 30, 8:per speciem auxilii Byzantiis ferendi, re ipsā, etc.,
id. 39, 35, 4; 40, 13, 8; 42, 52, 8.—With in:2.si quis in speciem refectionis (viae) deteriorem viam facit,
Dig. 43, 11, 1, § 2.—Adverb.: in speciem, for a show, as a pretence:haud dubio in speciem consensu fit ad Poenos deditio,
Liv. 24, 1, 8:dilatā in speciem actione, re ipsā sublatā,
id. 3, 9, 13; so,ad speciem tabernaculis relictis,
Caes. B. C. 2, 35 fin.; id. B. G. 1, 51; Quint. Cic. Pet. Cons. 5, 18 al.—Also with gen.: in speciem, after the manner, in the fashion, like (cf. tamquam; poet.):3.inque chori ludunt speciem,
Ov. M. 3, 685:in montis speciem curvari,
id. ib. 15, 509; cf.:scorpiones vermiculos ovorum specie pariunt,
Plin. 11, 25, 30, § 86.—Pregn., like the Engl. show, for ornament, display, splendor, beauty (cf.:C.dignitas, venustas): ut in usum boni sint et in speciem populo,
Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 42:fuit pompa, fuit species, fuit incessus saltem Seplasiā dignus et Capuā,
Cic. Pis. 11, 24:adhibere quandam in dicendo speciem atque pompam,
id. de Or. 2, 72, 294:speciem candoremque caeli,
id. Tusc. 1, 28, 68; cf. id. N. D. 2, 37; 2, 39:specie et motu capere homines,
id. Brut. 62, 224:triumpho praebere speciem,
Liv. 34, 52, 10:addere speciem,
id. 37, 40; 9, 40:si fortunatum species et gratia praestat,
Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 49; cf. id. ib. 2, 2, 203:ducit te species,
id. S. 2, 2, 35:speciem Saturnia vaccae probat,
Ov. M. 1, 612:juvenis,
Juv. 10, 310:corporis,
Curt. 7, 9, 19; Vitr. 3, 2.—Transf.1.Concr. (for simulacrum, i. q. eidôgon).a.An appearance in sleep, a vision, apparition (mostly poet.), Lucr. 1, 125:b.repetit quietis Ipsa suae speciem,
Ov. M. 9, 473:voce suā specieque viri turbata soporem Excutit,
id. ib. 11, 677:in quiete utrique consuli eadem dicitur visa species viri, etc.,
Liv. 8, 6:per nocturnas species,
id. 26, 19; cf.:mirabundi velut ad somni vanam speciem,
id. 33, 32, 7; Sil. 13, 394; Curt. 3, 6, 7.—A likeness, image, statue: tum species ex aere vetus concidit... Et divum simulacra peremit fulminis ardor... Sancta Jovis species... Haec tardata diu species tandem celsā in sede locata, Cic. poët. Div. 1, [p. 1737] 12, 21.—2.Reputation, honor:3.o speciem dignitatemque populi Romani, quam reges pertimescant,
Cic. Dom. 33, 89.—The particular thing among many to which the looks are turned; hence, a particular sort, kind, or quality, a species:b.species pars est generis,
App. Asclep. p. 78, 26:harum singula genera minimum in binas species dividi possunt, etc.,
Varr. R. R. 3, 3, 3; cf.:genus est id, quod sui similes communione quādam, specie autem differentes, duas aut plures complectitur partes,
Cic. de Or. 1, 42, 189:primum illud genus quaerimus, ex quo ceterae species suspensae sunt... Homo species est, ut Aristoteles ait, canis species: commune his vinculum animal,
Sen. Ep. 58, 7; Varr. R. R. 1, 9, 4; id. L. L. 10, § 18; Cic. Inv. 1, 27, 40; id. Or. 10, 33; id. Top. 18, 68; Quint. 3, 6, 26; 3, 10, 2; 5, 10, 90 al.: codicillis multas species vestis, argenti specialiter reliquit, many kinds or sorts, Dig. 34, 2, 19; cf. ib. 41, 1, 7.—In later jurid. lang., a special case:c.proponitur apud eum species talis: Sutor puero discenti cervicem percussit, etc.,
Dig. 9, 2, 5 fin.; 31, 1, 85.— -
127 θέσις
A setting, placing, ἐπέων θ. setting of words in verse, Pi.O.3.8;πλίνθων καὶ λίθων Pl.R. 333b
, cf. IG7.3073.33 (Lebad.); θ. νόμων law giving, X.Ath.3.2, Pl.Lg. 690d: in pl.,νόμων θέσεις D.18.309
, Arist.Pol. 1289a22; θ. ὀνόματος giving of a name, Pl.Cra. 390d; ἐπί τινος application of word to object, Demetr.Eloc. 145; θ. ἀγώνων institution of games, D.S.4.53; ordinance, disposition, S.Ichn.277 (only here in Trag.); setting forth in legal form,ἀσφαλειῶν POxy.1027.12
(i A.D.).II laying down, ὅπλων, opp. ἀναίρεσις, Pl.Lg. 814a; of diggers, plunging of the spade, opp. ἄρσις, Gp.2.45.5.2 deposit of money, preparatory to a law-suit, Ar.Nu. 1191 (pl.): generally, sum deposited in a temple, Inscr.Délos 365.14 (iii B.C.), IG12(3).322 (pl., Thera).3 pledging, giving as security, D.33.12, Lys.8.10.III adoption of a child,κατὰ θέσιν υἱωνός Plb.18.35.9
, cf. Ph.2.36, Philostr. VA6.11;Κρινοτέλην Πινδάρου, θέσει δὲ Φιλοξένου IG12(3).274
([place name] Anaphe), cf. 12(7).50 ([place name] Amorgos); adoption as a citizen of a foreign state, Ἁλεξανδρεὺς θέσει, Ἁθηναῖος θ. (opp. φύσει), Suid. s.v. Ἀρίσταρχος, Ἀριστοφάνης Πόδιος.IV situation, of a city, Hp.Aër.6;πόλις αὐτάρκη θ. κειμένη Th.1.37
, cf. 5.7;ἡ θ. τῆς χώρας πρὸς τὰ πνεύματα Thphr.CP3.23.5
; τόπων θ. Plb.1.41.7: Astron.,θ. τῶν ἄστρων Herm. in Phdr.p.149A.
; position, arrangement,λεγομένων καὶ γραφομένων Pl.Tht. 206a
;τῶν μερῶν θέσεις Id.Lg. 668e
, cf. Epicur.Ep.1p.11U., Fr.30 (pl.).2 Math., local position, Arist.GC 322b33; ἔχειν θ. Id.APo. 88a34; θ. ἔχειν πρὸς ἄλληλα to have a local relation, Id.Cat. 4b21, cf. Pl.R. 586c;τῇ θ. μέσον Arist.APr. 25b36
: Geom., θέσει δεδόσθαι or εἶναι, to be given in position, Archim.Sph.Cyl.2.3, Euc.Dat.4, Apollon.Perg.Con.2.46, al.; παρὰ θέσει parallel to a straight line given in position, [Euc.]Dat.Def.15; εἰς δύο θέσεις τὰς AB, AT to meet the two straight lines AB, AT given in position, Hero Metr.3.10;κατὰ τὴν θ. τὴν πρὸς ἡμᾶς Arist.Ph. 208b23
, etc.; οὐ τῇ θ. διαφέροντα μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ τῇ δυνάμει ib.22; so in Music, of notes in a scale, κατὰ θέσιν, opp. κατὰ δύναμιν, Ptol.Harm.2.5.V Philos., thesis, position, assumed and requiring proof, Pl.R. 335a, Arist.Top. 104b19, APo. 72a15; θέσιν διαφυλάττειν to maintain a thesis, Id.EN 1096a2; κινεῖν to controvert it, Plu.2.687b, cf. 328a, etc.2 general question, opp. ὑπόθεσις ( special case), Aphth.Prog.13, Theon Prog.12, cf. Cic.Top.21.79, Quint.3.5.5 (but θ. includes ὑπόθεσις and ὁρισμός, Phlp.in APo.35.1; opp. ἀξίωμα, ib.34.9).3 arbitrary determination, esp. in dat.θέσει, τὰ ὀνόματα μὴ θ. γενέσθαι Epicur.Ep. 1p.27U.
; opp. φύσει, Chrysipp.Stoic.3.76, Str.2.3.7, etc.; τὰ θ. δίκαια, νόμιμα, Ph.1.50, 112; σημαίνειν θ. S.E.P.2.256.VI a setting down, opp. ἄρσις ( lifting),πᾶσα πορεία ἐξ ἄρσεως καὶ θέσεως συντελεῖται Arist.Pr. 885b6
: hence, in rhythm, downward beat, opp. the upward ([etym.] ἄρσις), Aristid.Quint.1.13, Bacch.Harm.98, etc.VII in prosody, θέσει μακρὰ συλλαβή long by position, opp. φύσει, D.T.632.30, Heph. 1.3: orig. prob. in signf. v.3, cf. Sch.D.T.p.206H.2 θέσεις, αἱ, in punctuation, stops, Donat.in Gramm.Lat.4.372 K.VIII part of a horse's hoof,ἡ θ. τοῦ ποδός Hippiatr.82
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128 een speciaal geval
een speciaal gevalVan Dale Handwoordenboek Nederlands-Engels > een speciaal geval
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