introrsus

* * *

introrsum and introrsus (access. form INTROSVS, Inscr. Orell. 4034; v. also introversus), adv. [contr. from intro versum].

Form introrsum.

Towards the inside, inwards, into:

hostem introrsum in media castra accipiunt,

Liv. 10, 33. —

Inwardly, within, on the inside: sed [p. 991] videt hunc omnis domus Introrsum turpem, Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 45; id. S. 2, 1, 64.—

Form introrsus.

Inwards, in, into:

ut non facile Introrsus perspici posset,

Caes. B. G. 2, 18:

reducere aliquid,

id. ib. 7, 22:

pergit,

Tac. A. 2, 25.—

Inwardly, within:

foris nitent, introrsus misera sunt,

Sen. Vit. Beat. 2, 4; Liv. 25, 21:

lacrimae obortae,

Ov. M. 13, 539.

introrsus.

introrsum and introrsus (access. form INTROSVS, Inscr. Orell. 4034; v. also introversus), adv. [contr. from intro versum].

Form introrsum.

Towards the inside, inwards, into:

hostem introrsum in media castra accipiunt,

Liv. 10, 33. —

Inwardly, within, on the inside: sed [p. 991] videt hunc omnis domus Introrsum turpem, Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 45; id. S. 2, 1, 64.—

Form introrsus.

Inwards, in, into:

ut non facile Introrsus perspici posset,

Caes. B. G. 2, 18:

reducere aliquid,

id. ib. 7, 22:

pergit,

Tac. A. 2, 25.—

Inwardly, within:

foris nitent, introrsus misera sunt,

Sen. Vit. Beat. 2, 4; Liv. 25, 21:

lacrimae obortae,

Ov. M. 13, 539.

extrin-sĕcus, adv. [‡ extrim as an adverbial form of exter], from without, from abroad.

Prop. (class.;

syn.: extra, foris): si qui tremerent vel ipsi per se motu mentis aliquo vel objecta terribili re extrinsecus,

Cic. Ac. 2, 15, 48; cf.:

in dicendo aliquid extrinsecus alicunde quaerere (opp. ex ipsis visceribus causae sumere),

id. de Or. 2, 78, 318:

assumptis extrinsecus auxiliis,

Quint. 7, 4, 7; cf. also Cic. de Or. 2, 39, 163:

spiritum adducere,

id. N. D. 2, 54, 136:

humor allapsus,

id. Div. 2, 27, 58:

excipere genus divinandi extrinsecus ex divinitate,

id. ib. 2, 11, 26:

quod habet extremum, id cernitur ex alio extrinsecus,

id. ib. 2, 50, 103:

imminens bellum,

Liv. 2, 32, 6:

cum quid extrinsecus laesit, ut in vulneribus (opp. intra se ipsum corruptum),

Cels. 6, 26 et saep.—

Transf.

Without, on the outside (cf. foris):

deinde eum (animum) circumdedit corpore et vestivit extrinsecus,

Cic. Univ. 6; cf. Varr. R. R. 7, 1, 79; Suet. Vesp. 12:

extrinsecus inaurata (columna),

Cic. Div. 1, 24, 48:

jecur intrinsecus cavum, extrinsecus gibberum est,

Cels. 4, 1;

so opp. introrsus,

Sen. Tranq. 10;

opp. intus,

Col. 2, 9, 13: extrinsecus custodes erant, App. de Mundo, p. 69:

quod eam tuetur, est id extrinsecus,

Cic. Fin. 5, 14, 39:

plerique extrinsecus nesciunt,

the uninitiated, Varr. L. L. 7, § 34 Müll.—

Irrelevantly:

haec etsi extrinsecus, non tamen intempestive videor hoc loco retulisse,

Col. 1, 6, 17.—

Moreover = praeterea (late Lat.), Eutr. 9, 25.

extrinsĕcus, a, um, adj. (late Lat.), outer:

habitus pallii,

Tert. Pall. 1; Gregor. Mag. Ep. 8, 40.

intus, adv. [1. in and the abl. termination -tus; Sanscr. -tas; cf. entos].

On the inside, within:

ibi intro atque intus subducam ratiunculam,

Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 89:

vide sitne istaec nostra intus,

id. Mil. 2, 6, 55:

intus insidiae sunt: intus inclusum periculum est: intus est hostis,

Cic. Cat. 2, 5:

estne frater intus?

Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 30:

intus domique,

Cic. de Sen. 4:

ea, quae sunt intus in corpore,

id. Fin. 3, 5, 18; cf.:

intus in mundo,

id. Univ. 10:

intus in animis,

id. Fin. 1, 13, 44; so,

intus in cella Fortis Fortunae,

Liv. 27, 11, 3:

te intus et in cute novi,

Pers. 3, 30:

extra et mtus hostem habere,

Caes. B. C. 3, 69.— Poet., with abl.:

membris intus,

Lucr. 4, 1091:

tali intus templo,

Verg. A. 7, 192.— With gen.:

aedium,

i.e. in the house, App. M. 8, p. 215, 24:

adductos intus agere equos,

closer to the goal, Ov. F. 6, 586; cf.:

intus agere lacrimas,

to moderate, Albin. Eleg. 114.—Prov.: intus canere, v. Aspendius.—

To the inside, into, within, in (for the usual intro, cf. Quint. 1, 5, 50):

intus novam nuptam deduxi viā, rectā,

into the house, Plaut. Cas. 5, 2, 7 dub. (al. intro):

die, me orare ut aliquis intus prodeat,

id. Cist. 3, 8:

quo simul atque intus est itum,

Caes. B. C. 3, 26 (al. intro):

intus in artus,

Lucr. 2, 711; Ov. M. 10, 457; Tac. H. 1, 35: pollice intus inclinato, inwards ( = introrsus), Quint. 11, 3, 99; so Cels. 8, 4. —

From within = endothen, ex interiore parte (mostly anteclass.; cf. Brix ad Plaut. Capt. 196):

tu in tus pateram proferto foras,

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 138:

evocato aliquem intus ad te,

id. Most. 3, 1, 145; id. Men. 1, 3, 35; id. Mil. 4, 4, 33; 49; cf.:

intus evocato aliquem foras,

id. Ps. 2, 2, 10; and:

argentum intus efferre foras,

id. Bacch. 1, 1, 62:

obsera otium intus,

Ter. Eun. 4, 6, 25:

quicquid spinosum est et intus eminet,

Cels. 8, 4.

per-tĭnĕo, ŭi, 2, v. n. [teneo], to stretch out, reach, extend to a place; to arrive at a place (class., esp. in the trop. signif.); constr. with ad and acc., or with advv.; very rarely with in or per and acc.; v. infra.

Lit.:

aspera arteria ad pulmones usque pertinet,

Cic. N. D. 2, 54, 136:

venae in omnes partes corporis pertinentes,

id. ib. 2, 55, 137:

deus pertinens per naturam cujusque rei, etc.,

id. ib. 2, 28, 71:

Belgae pertinent ad inferiorem partem fluminis Rheni,

Caes. B. G. 1, 1:

rivi, qui ad mare pertinebant,

id. B. C. 3, 49:

hanc (silvam) longe introrsus pertinere,

id. B. G. 6, 9:

in vastae magnitudinis urbe partium sensu non satis pertinente in omnia,

extending in all directions, Liv. 25, 24, 6 Weissenb. ad loc.; cf.:

quod ait praetor: pertinet, hoc significat: quod ex aedibus ejus in tuas pertinet, hoc est dirigitur, extenditur, pervenit,

Dig. 43, 22, 1.—

Trop.

To reach, extend (like diêkein, kathêkein):

eadem bonitas etiam ad multitudinem pertinet,

Cic. Lael. 14, 50:

caritas patriae per omnes ordines pertinebat,

i. e. pervaded, Liv. 23, 49, 3:

ad posteritatis memoriam pertinere,

Cic. Sen. 23, 82:

fulmina, quorum significatio ad totam vitam pertinet,

Sen. Q. N. 2, 47 init.:

hic pertinet a natali ad diem extremum,

id. Ep. 12, 6.—

To belong, relate, concern, pertain or have reference to, affect any thing:

somnium ad aliquam rem pertinet,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 1, 28:

illa res ad meum officium pertinet,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 13, 36:

nihil ad patriciam Sulpiciorum familiam Quirinius pertinuit,

Tac. A. 3, 48:

haec breviter attingemus, scrutati maxime pertinentia,

Plin. 18, 35, 78, § 341.—

To have a tendency, to tend or lead to an object or result, Varr. R. R. 2, 1:

illud quo pertineat, videte,

Cic. Agr. 2, 8, 20; id. Att. 8, 9, 1:

quod autem plures a nobis nominati sunt, eo pertinuit, quod, etc.,

id. Brut. 87, 299:

summa illuc pertinet, ut sciatis, etc.,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 10, § 25:

interpretando, quorsum quidque pertineat,

id. N. D. 3, 23, 60 fin.:

quid ista ad vidulum pertinent, servae sint istae an liberae?

Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 62.—Esp. in phrase: quod ad aliquem (aliquid) pertinet, as far as concerns, in regard to (mostly post-Aug.): quod ad inducias pertineret, sic belli rationem esse divisam, ut, etc., * Caes. B. C. 3, 17, 3:

quod ad nationes exteras pertinet, Cicero varie,

Quint. 11, 1, 89:

quod ad Dymnum pertinet, nihil scio,

Curt. 6, 11, 30: quod pertinet ad elephantos, id. [p. 1359] 9, 2, 19; cf.:

quantum ad decernentes pertinet,

Plin. Ep. 8, 6, 14:

quod ad me pertinet, intellego me perdidisse, etc.,

Sen. Cons. ad Helv. 10, 2; id. Ep. 119, 12; id. Suas. 6, 12; 7, 1:

cum virtutibus tum etiam fortuna, siquid hoc ad rem pertinet,

Cic. Fam. 13, 13:

quatenus quidque se attingat ad seque pertineat perspicere,

Cic. Fin. 5, 9, 24:

illud dissimulas ad te quod pertinet,

Mart. 7, 10, 9. —

To apply to, be applicable to, to suit, be suitable to a person or thing:

magis pol haec malitia pertinet ad viros, quam ad mulieres,

Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 36:

ad quem suspicio maleficii pertineat,

on whom suspicion should fall, Cic. Rosc. Am. 7, 18:

ad officium meum,

id. ib. 13, 36:

liberalitas ad rem familiarem meam,

id. Fam. 12, 28:

ad imperatorem prodigium pertinere,

Liv. 25, 16.—

To belong, be the right of (usu. of a right, as opp. to possession):

sed regnum ad se et ad matrem suam pertinere arbitrabantur,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 27, § 61:

ad quem jure regnum pertinet,

Liv. 40, 11, 7:

bona ad me pertinent, solus enim sum filius defuncti,

Quint. 5, 14, 15:

Europa jam, dubio procul, jure ad Romanos pertinebat,

Flor. 2, 8, 7:

(Armenia) quae antea ad majores suos pertinuisse monstrabat,

Amm. 26, 4, 6.—

To belong, to be the property of (late Lat.):

omnia quae ad se pertinebant,

Vulg. Gen. 32, 23; id. Exod. 9, 4; id. 1 Reg. 25, 21.—Hence, adv.: pertĭnenter, aptly, suitably, appositely, pertinently (post-class.):

pertinenter ad causam,

Tert. adv. Marc. 4, 38.— Comp.:

pertinentius,

Tert. adv. Marc. 4, 9.— Sup.:

pertinentissime,

Tert. adv. Marc. 4, 31.

rĕ-cēdo, cessi, cessum, 3, v. n., to go back, fall back, give ground, retire, withdraw, recede.

Lit. (class.; cf.:

decedo, abscedo): pone nos recede,

Plaut. Poen. 3, 2, 34:

ego abs te procul recedam,

id. Mil. 2, 4, 4:

hinc,

id. Bacch. 4, 1, 7:

illuc,

id. Rud. 3, 5, 7:

recedere loco,

id. Am. 1, 1, 84; cf.:

centuriones ex eo quo stabant loco recesserunt,

Caes. B. G. 5, 43:

non modo illum e Galliā non discessisse, sed ne a Mutinā quidem recessisse,

Cic. Phil. 8, 7, 21:

procul a telo veniente,

Ov. M. 12, 359:

de medio,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 38, 112:

ab hoste,

Ov. P. 3, 1, 151:

longius,

Verg. G. 4, 191:

tristis recedo,

Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 35; id. C. 2, 19, 31:

ab Illiturgi,

Liv. 24, 41:

in castra Corneliana,

Caes. B. C. 2, 30 fin. —

In partic., to retire to one's bedchamber, go to rest, Petr. 85, 5; Ov. Ib. 239.—

Transf.

Of inanimate and abstract things:

ut illae undae ad alios accedant, ab aliis autem recedant,

Cic. Planc. 6, 15:

verba movere loco, quamvis invita recedant,

yield, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 113:

multa ferunt anni venientes commoda secum, Multa recedentes adimunt,

the departing years, id. A. P. 176:

abeant ac recedant voces illae,

Plin. Pan. 2, 2.—

Of places, things, etc., to stand back, recede (i. e. to be distant or retired;

freq., esp. after the Aug. per.): secreta parentis Anchisae domus arboribusque obtecta recessit,

Verg. A. 2, 300; cf. Cat. 64, 43; and:

etsi lata recessit Urbe domus,

Stat. Th. 5, 242; Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 21:

Palaestina vocabatur, quā contingit Arabas... et quā recedit intus, Damascena,

Plin. 5, 12, 13, § 66:

Magna Graecia in tres sinus recedens Ausonii maris,

id. 3, 10, 15, § 95; 4, 10, 17, § 33; Sen. Cons. ad Marc. 18.—Of nations:

gens Cappadocum longissime Ponticarum omnium introrsus recedens,

Plin. 6, 8, 8, § 24.—In a painting, etc.:

pictor vi artis suae efficit, ut quaedam eminere in opere, quaedam recessisse credamus,

Quint. 2, 17, 21; cf.:

venter recessit,

Plin. Ep. 3, 6, 2.— Poet., of places, which appear to recede by our departure from them:

provehimur portu, terraeque urbesque recedunt,

Verg. A. 3, 72:

mea terra recedit,

Ov. M. 8, 139; 11, 466; Sil. 3, 157; Stat. Th. 1, 549 al.—

In gen., to go away, withdraw, retire, depart from a place, to abandon a thing, = discedere.

Lit. (in good prose very rare), = discedere, haec effatu' pater, germana, repente recessit, vanished, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 20, 40 (Ann. v. 48 Vahl.):

nec vero a stabulis pluviā impendente recedunt Longius (apes),

Verg. G. 4, 191; Plin. Ep. 1, 13, 2.—

Transf., of things, to separate from any thing (with which it was previously connected):

in aliis ossibus ex toto saepe fragmentum a fragmento recedit,

Cels. 8, 7, 1:

carnes ab ossibus,

Plin. 22, 8, 9, § 22; 19, 5, 23, § 67:

caput e cervice,

Ov. P. 2, 8, 65;

for which also: caput cervice,

id. H. 16, 153; cf. id. F. 6, 708; Luc. 8, 674. —

Trop., to withdraw, depart, desist (class.; esp. freq. in Cic. and Quint.): si quid vos per laborem recte feceritis, labor ille a vobis cito recedet, Cato ap. Gell. 16, 1, 4:

avius a verā longe ratione recedit,

Lucr. 2, 229:

senes, ut in otia tuta recedant, aiunt, etc.,

Hor. S. 1, 1, 31:

ab officio recedere,

Cic. Off. 3, 4, 19; Auct. Her. 3, 3, 5; Cic. Caecin. 20, 58:

ab armis,

i. e. to lay them down, id. Rosc. Am. 6, 16:

penitus a naturā,

id. Fin. 4, 16, 43:

ab eodem exemplo,

Quint. 1, 6, 6; 2, 8, 13; 7, 3, 21:

a sententiis ejus, ab omni voluntate, consiliisque,

Cic. Att. 12, 4, 2: a vitā, i. e. to kill one ' s self, id. Tusc. 4, 17, 40 (but Plin. 29, 1, 5, § 6, to die, in gen., a doubtful conjecture; Jahn, procedente [p. 1530] vitā):

a veritatis viā longe,

Lact. 2, 8, 1:

ab oppugnatione,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 40.—Very freq. of inanimate and abstract subjects:

postquam recessit vita patrio corpore,

Plaut. Merc. prol. 73:

(nomen hostis) a peregrino recessit et proprie in eo, qui arma contra ferret, remansit,

has lost the signification of foreigner, Cic. Off. 1, 12, 37; so,

res a consuetudine,

id. Quint. 21, 67; Quint. 2, 13, 11:

figurae sententiarum ab illo simplici modo indicandi recedunt,

id. 9, 2, 1:

ab usu cotidiano,

id. 10, 1, 44 et saep.— Poet., with simple abl.:

sic nunquam corde recedit Nata tuo,

departs, Stat. S. 3, 5, 55.— Absol., to vanish, pass away, disappear:

et pariter Phoebes, pariter maris ira recessit,

Ov. M. 12, 36:

spes,

Luc. 7, 688:

quonam nostri tibi cura recessit?

Verg. A. 2, 595:

fortuna recessit,

id. ib. 3, 53.— With in:

in ventos vita recessit,

passed away into the winds, Verg. A. 4, 705.— Hence, * rĕcessus, a, um, P. a. (acc. to I. B.), drawn back, receding:

scaena recessior,

standing farther back, Vitr. 5, 8.

rĕ-dūco, xi, ctum, 3 (rēduco or redduco, Lucr. 1, 228; 4, 992; 5, 133; old imp. redduce, Ter. Hec. 4, 2, 29), v. a.

To lead or bring back, to conduct back (very freq. and class.; syn. redigo).

Lit.

In gen.

Of living objects:

reducam te ubi fuisti,

Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 106:

hunc ex Alide huc reducimus,

id. ib. 5, 4, 17; cf.:

aliquem ex errore in viam,

id. Ps. 2, 3, 2:

aliquem de exsilio,

Cic. Phil. 2, 4, 9; id. Att. 9, 14, 2; cf.:

ab exsilio,

Quint. 5, 11, 9:

socios a morte,

Verg. A. 4, 375:

Silenium ad parentes,

Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 86; so,

ad aliquem,

Cic. Off. 3, 22, 86; Caes. B. G. 6, 32; id. B. C. 1, 24; 2, 38 fin.; cf.:

a pastu vitulos ad tecta,

Verg. G. 4, 434:

reduci in carcerem,

Cic. Att. 4, 6, 2:

in Italiam,

Caes. B. C. 3, 18:

reducere uxorem,

to take again to wife, marry again, Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 31; 43; 3, 5, 51; 4, 4, 12 sq. al.; Nep. Dion, 6, 2; Suet. Dom. 3; 13; cf.:

uxorem in matrimonium,

id. ib. 8:

regem,

to restore to the throne, to reinstate, Cic. Rab. Post. 8, 19; id. Fam. 1, 2, 1; 1, 7, 4; id. Q. Fr. 2, 2, 3 (v. reductio):

possum excitare multos reductos testes liberalitatis tuae,

i. e. who have been brought back by your generosity, id. Rab. Post. 17, 47; cf.: cum in Italiam reductus existimabor, Pomp. ap. Caes. B. C. 3, 18, 4. —

With inanimate objects, to draw back, bring back:

(falces) tormentis introrsus reducebant,

Caes. B. G. 7, 22:

reliquas munitiones ab eā fossā pedes CCCC. reduxit,

id. ib. 7, 22; cf.

turres,

id. ib. 7, 24 fin.: calculum, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 170, 30:

in jaculando bracchia,

Quint. 10, 3, 6:

sinum dextrā usque ad lumbos,

id. 11, 3, 131:

ad pectora remos,

Ov. M. 11, 461; Verg. A. 8, 689:

clipeum,

to draw back, Ov. M. 12, 132:

gladium (opp. eduxit),

Gell. 5, 9, 3:

auras naribus,

Lucr. 4, 990 al.:

furcillas hibernatum in tecta,

Varr. R. R. 1, 8, 6. — Poet.:

solem reducit,

Verg. A. 1, 143; so,

diem (Aurora),

id. G. 1, 249:

lucem (Aurora),

Ov. M. 3, 150:

noctem die labente (Phoebus),

Verg. A. 11, 914:

aestatem,

id. G. 3, 296:

hiemes,

Hor. C. 2, 10, 15:

febrim,

id. S. 2, 3, 294:

somnum (cantus),

id. C. 3, 1, 21 al.:

umbram,

to make the shadow move backwards, Vulg. 4 Reg. 20, 11.—

In partic.

Reducere aliquem domum (opp. deducere), to conduct or accompany one home, Plaut. Merc. 5, 4, 19:

(P. Scipio) cum senatu dimisso domum reductus ad vesperum est a patribus conscriptis,

Cic. Lael. 3, 12; cf. Liv. 4, 24; cf.:

quos Elea domum reducit Palma,

Hor. C. 4, 2, 17.—So, without domum:

in ludum (puellulam) ducere et reducere,

Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 36:

aliquem ad suam villam,

Cic. Ac. 1, 1, 1:

bene comitati per forum reducuntur,

Quint. 12, 8, 3:

quantā reduci Regulus solet turbā,

Mart. 2, 74, 2: assurgi, deduci, reduci, Cic. Sen. 18, 63.—

In milit. lang., to draw off, withdraw troops:

vastatis omnibus eorum agris Caesar exercitum reduxit,

Caes. B. G. 3, 29 fin.:

legiones reduci jussit,

id. B. C. 3, 46; so,

exercitum (copias, legiones suas, etc.),

id. B. G. 6, 29; 7, 68; id. B. C. 2, 28 fin.; Liv. 5, 5; Front. Strat. 2, 3, 1; 5; 2, 5, 13 sq.:

suos incolumes,

Caes. B. G. 5, 22; Front. Strat. 1, 1, 11; 5, 13:

legiones ex Britanniā,

Caes. B. G. 4, 38:

a munitionibus,

id. ib. 7, 88:

ab oppugnatione,

id. ib. 5, 26 fin.:

in castra,

id. ib. 1, 49 fin.; 1, 50; 2, 9;

4, 34 et saep.: in hiberna,

id. ib. 6, 3:

in Treviros, etc.,

id. ib. 5, 53; 7, 9 fin.; Liv. 43, 20:

intra fossam,

Caes. B. C. 1, 42; cf.:

ab radicibus collis intra munitiones,

id. B. G. 7, 51 fin. — Absol. (like duco and educo):

instituit reducere,

to march back, Front. Strat. 1, 4, 5 and 8.—

To recall to the stage a player:

a magno Pompeio magni theatri dedicatione anus pro miraculo deducta,

Plin. 7, 48, 49, § 158.—

Trop., to bring back, restore, replace:

ad divitias,

Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 17:

animum aegrotum ad misericordiam,

Ter. And. 3, 3, 27:

aliquem in gratiam,

id. ib. 5, 4, 45; Cic. Clu. 36, 101:

in gratiam cum aliquo,

id. Rab. Post. 8, 19; Liv. 10, 5 fin.; Quint. 5, 11, 19; cf.: ut Caesarem et Pompeium perfidiā hominum distractos rursus in pristinam concordiam reducas, Balbus ap. Cic. Att. 8, 15, A, 1:

aliquem ad officium sanitatemque,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 40, § 98:

propinquum ad officium,

Nep. Dat. 2, 3:

judices ad justitiam,

Quint. 6, 1, 46:

legiones veterem ad morem,

Tac. A. 11, 18:

meque ipse reduco A contemplatu,

withdraw myself, Ov. Tr. 5, 7, 65:

verba paulum declinata ad veritatem,

Quint. 1, 6, 32:

judicatio est ad eum statum reducenda,

id. 7, 3, 35:

reducere in memoriam quibus rationibus unam quamque partem confirmāris,

Cic. Inv. 1, 52, 98; cf.:

in memoriam gravissimi luctūs,

Plin. Ep. 3, 10, 2:

dolorem in animum judicantium,

Quint. 11, 1, 54:

vocem in quendam sonum aequabilem,

Auct. Her. 3, 12, 21:

verborum facilitatem in altum,

Quint. 10, 7, 28:

haec benignā in sedem vice,

Hor. Epod. 13, 7 sq.:

tu spem reducis mentibus anxiis Viresque,

id. C. 3, 21, 17:

diem et convivia mente re duxit,

has recalled to mind, Sil. 8, 136:

vel instituere vel reducere ejusmodi exemplum, etc.,

to introduce again, restore, Plin. Ep. 4, 29, 3; so,

habitum vestitumque pristinum,

Suet. Aug. 40:

morem transvectionis post longam intercapedinem,

id. ib. 38. — To bring back, restore to the right path:

scire est liberum Ingenium et animum, quo vis illos tu die Redducas,

Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 44.—

After the Aug. period, sometimes with the idea of ducere predominating, for the usual redigere (q. v. II.).

To bring or get out, to produce a certain quantity:

LX. pondo panis e modio (milii) reducunt,

Plin. 18, 7, 10, § 54.—

To bring, make, reduce to some shape, quality, condition, etc. (rare;

usually redigere): aliquid in formam,

Ov. M. 15, 381:

faecem in summum,

to bring up, raise, Col. 12, 19, 4:

excrescentes carnes in ulceribus ad aequalitatem efficacissime reducunt (just before, redigit),

Plin. 30, 13, 39, § 113:

cicatrices ad colorem,

id. 27, 12, 82, § 106:

corpus sensim ad maciem,

id. 24, 8, 30, § 46:

ulcera ac scabiem jumentorum ad pilum,

id. 22, 22, 32, § 72.— Hence, rĕ-ductus, a, um, P. a., drawn back, withdrawn; of place, retired, remote, distant, lonely.

Lit.:

inque sinus scindit sese unda reductos,

Verg. G. 4, 420; id. A. 1, 161; so,

vallis,

id. ib. 6, 703; Hor. C. 1, 17, 17; id. Epod. 2, 11.—

Trop.:

virtus est medium vitiorum et utrimque reductum,

from either extreme, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 9.—

In painting: alia eminentiora, alia reductiora fecerunt,

less prominent, Quint. 11, 3, 46: producta et reducta (bona), a transl. of the Gr. proêgmena kai apoproêgmena of the Stoics, things to be preferred and those to be deferred, Cic. Fin. 5, 30, 90.— Sup. and adv. do not occur.

rĕ-fĕro, rettŭli (also written retuli), rĕlātum (rēlātum or rellatum, Lucr. 2, 1001), rĕferre, v. a. irr., to bear, carry, bring, draw, or give back (very freq. and class.; cf.: reduco, reporto, retraho).

Lit.

Ingen.: zonas, quas plenas argenti extuli, eas ex provinciā inanes rettuli, C. Gracchus ap. Gell. 15, 12 fin.:

arma,

Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 25:

vasa domum,

id. Poen. 4, 2, 25; cf.:

pallam domum,

id. Men. 5, 7, 59; 4, 2, 97; 98; cf.:

anulum ad me,

id. Cas. 2, 1, 1;

and simply pallam, spinther,

id. Men. 3, 3, 16; 5, 1, 5; 5, 2, 56:

secum aurum,

id. Aul. 4, 5, 4:

exta,

id. Poen. 2, 44:

uvidum rete sine squamoso pecu,

id. Rud. 4, 3, 5:

aestus aliquem in portum refert,

id. As. 1, 3, 6:

Auster me ad tribulos tuos Rhegium rettulit,

Cic. Fam. 12, 25, 3: ut naves eodem, unde erant profectae, reterrentur, Caes. B. G. 4, 28:

me referunt pedes in Tusculanum,

Cic. Att. 15, 16, B; cf.:

aliquem lecticae impositum domum,

Suet. Caes. 82; and:

in Palatium,

id. Vit. 16: intro referre pedem, to turn one ' s feet back, to return, Plaut. Merc. 5, 4, 50; cf.:

incertus tuum cave ad me rettuleris pedem,

id. Ep. 3, 4, 3:

caelo rettulit illa pedem,

Ov. H. 16, 88; 15, 186:

fertque refertque pedes,

id. F. 6, 334 (for a different use of the phrase, v. infra B. 2.):

in decimum vestigia rettulit annum (victoria),

Verg. A. 11, 290:

in convivia gressum,

Sil. 11, 355:

in thalamos cursum,

id. 8, 89:

ad nomen caput ille refert,

turns his head, looks back, Ov. M. 3, 245:

suumque Rettulit os in se,

drew back, concealed, id. ib. 2, 303:

ad Tuneta rursum castra refert,

Liv. 30, 16:

corpus in monumentum,

Petr. 113:

relatis Lacedaemona (ossibus),

Just. 3, 3, 12:

gemmam non ad os, sed ad genas,

Ov. Tr. 5, 4, 5: digitos ad os referre, to draw back (v. digitus), Quint. 11, 3, 103:

digitos ad frontem saepe,

Ov. M. 15, 567:

manum ad capulum,

Tac. A. 15, 58 fin.:

rursus enses vaginae,

Sil. 7, 508:

pecunias monumentaque, in templum,

Caes. B. C. 2, 21:

caput ejus in castra,

id. B. G. 5, 58:

vulneratos in locum tutum,

id. B. C. 2, 41:

cornua (urorum) in publicum,

id. B. G. 6, 28:

frumentum omne ad se referri jubet,

id. ib. 7, 71:

signa militaria, scutum, litteras ad Caesarem,

id. ib. 7, 88; id. B. C. 3, 53; 3, 99; id. B. G. 1, 29; 5, 49:

Caesaris capite relato,

id. B. C. 3, 19 fin. —

Esp.: referre se, to go back, return:

Romam se rettulit,

Cic. Fl. 21, 50:

sese in castra,

Caes. B. C. 1, 72 fin.:

se huc,

id. ib. 2, 8, 2:

domum me Ad porri catinum,

Hor. S. 1, 6, 115:

sese ab Argis (Juno),

Verg. A. 7, 286:

se ab aestu,

Ov. M. 14, 52; cf.:

se de Britannis ovans,

Tac. A. 13, 32:

causam Cleanthes offert, cur se sol referat,

Cic. N. D. 3, 14, 37.—

Pass. in mid. sense, to return, arrive:

sin reiciemur, tamen eodem paulo tardius referamur necesse est,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 49, 119:

classem relatam,

Verg. A. 1, 390:

nunc Itali in tergum versis referuntur habenis,

Sil. 4, 317; 7, 623.—

To withdraw, remove:

fines benignitatis introrsus referre,

to narrow, Sen. Ben. 1, 14, 5:

Seleucia ab mari relata,

remote, Plin. 5, 27, 22, § 93. —

In partic.

To give back something due; to give up, return, restore, pay back, repay (= reddere):

scyphos, quos utendos dedi Philodamo, rettuleritne?

Plaut. As. 2, 4, 34; cf. id. Aul. 4, 10, 29; 37; 38;

and, pateram (surreptam),

Cic. Div. 1, 25, 54:

argentum,

Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 29; so (with reddere) id. Curc. 5, 3, 45:

mercedem (with reddere),

id. As. 2, 4, 35; cf.:

octonis idibus aera,

to pay the money for tuition. Hor. S. 1, 6, 75 (v. idus):

si non Rettuleris pannum,

id. Ep. 1, 17, 32; 1, 6, 60:

verum, si plus dederis, referam,

Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 112.—

Referre pedem or gradum, as a milit. t. t., to draw back, retire, withdraw, retreat (different from the gen. signif., to return, and the above passages):

vulneribus defessi pedem referre coeperunt,

Caes. B. G. 1, 25; cf.:

ut paulatim cedant ac pedem referant,

id. B. C. 2, 40; Liv. 7, 33; so,

referre pedem,

Caes. B. C. 1, 44 (with loco excedere); Cic. Phil. 12, 3 (opp. insistere); Liv. 3, 60 (opp. restituitur pugna);

21, 8 al.— For the sake of euphony: referre gradum: cum pedes referret gradum,

Liv. 1, 14. —

And, in a like sense, once mid.: a primā acie ad triarios sensim referebatur,

Liv. 8, 8, 11.—

Transf., out of the milit. sphere:

feroque viso retulit retro pedem (viator),

Phaedr. 2, 1, 8; cf.:

viso rettulit angue pedem,

Ov. F. 2, 342; 6, 334:

rettulit ille gradus horrueruntque comae,

id. ib. 2, 502:

(in judiciis) instare proficientibus et ab iis, quae non adjuvant, quam mollissime pedem oportet referre,

Quint. 6, 4, 19.

Trop., to bear or carry back, to bring, draw, or give back.

In gen.: (Saxum) ejulatu... Resonando mutum flebiles voces refert, Att. ap. Cic. Fin. 2, 29, 94 (Trag. Rel. p. 176 Rib.); cf. Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 14, § 42:

sonum,

id. N. D. 2, 57, 144; id. Or. 12, 38; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 201 al.:

voces,

Ov. M. 12, 47; cf.:

Coëamus rettulit Echo,

id. ib. 3, 387: cum ex CXXV. judicibus reus L. referret, restored to the list, i. e. retained, accepted (opp. quinque et LXX. reiceret), Cic. Planc. 17:

o mihi praeteritos referat si Juppiter annos!

Verg. A. 8, 560; cf.: tibi tempora, Hor. C. 4, 13, 13:

festas luces (sae culum),

id. ib. 4, 6, 42:

dies siccos (sol),

id. ib. 3, 29, 20 et saep.:

hoc quidem jam periit: Ni quid tibi hinc in spem referas,

Plaut. Ep. 3, 2, 3:

ad amicam meras querimonias referre,

id. Truc. 1, 2, 65:

hic in suam domum ignominiam et calamitatem rettulit,

Cic. Off. 1, 39, 138; cf.:

pro re certā spem falsam domum rettulerunt,

id. Rosc. Am. 38, 110:

rem publicam sistere negat posse, nisi ad equestrem ordinem judicia referantur,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 96, § 223:

servati civis decus referre,

Tac. A. 3, 21:

e cursu populari referre aspectum in curiam,

to turn back, turn towards, Cic. Prov. Cons. 16, 38; cf.:

oculos animumque ad aliquem,

id. Quint. 14, 47:

animum ad studia,

id. de Or. 1, 1, 1:

animum ad veritatem,

id. Rosc. Am. 16, 48:

animum ad firmitudinem,

Tac. A. 3, 6 et saep.:

multa dies variique labor mutabilis aevi Rettulit in melius,

brought to a better state, Verg. A. 11, 426:

uterque se a scientiae delectatione ad efficiendi utilitatem refert,

Cic. Rep. 5, 3, 5; so,

se ad philosophiam referre,

to go back, return, id. Off. 2, 1, 4:

ut eo, unde digressa est, referat se oratio,

id. ib. 2, 22, 77.—

In partic.

(Acc. to I. B. 1.) To pay back, give back, repay (syn. reddo):

denique Par pari referto,

Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 55; cf.:

quod ab ipso adlatum est, id sibi esse relatum putet,

id. Phorm. prol. 21:

ut puto, non poteris ipsa referre vicem,

pay him back in his own coin, Ov. A. A. 1, 370; Sen. Herc. Fur. 1337. — Esp. in the phrase referre gratiam (rarely gratias), to return thanks, show one ' s gratitude (by deeds), to recompense, requite (cf.:

gratiam habeo): spero ego mihi quoque Tempus tale eventurum, ut tibi gratium referam parem,

Plaut. Merc. 5, 4, 39:

parem gratiam,

Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 51:

et habetur et refertur, Thais, a me ita, uti merita es, gratia,

id. ib. 4, 6, 12; cf.:

meritam gratiam debitamque,

Cic. de Or. 3, 4, 14:

justam ac debitam gratiam,

id. Balb. 26, 59:

pro eo mihi ac mereor relaturos esse gratiam,

id. Cat. 4, 2, 3; 1, 11, 28; id. Off. 2, 20, 69:

fecisti ut tibi numquam referre gratiam possim,

Plaut. Capt. 5, 1, 12; id. Most. 1, 3, 57; id. Pers. 5, 2, 71; id. Ps. 1, 3, 86; id. Rud. 5, 3, 36 al.; Cic. Lael. 15, 53; Caes. B. G. 1, 35:

alicui pro ejus meritis gratiam referre,

id. ib. 5, 27 fin.; id. B. C. 2, 39; 3, 1, fin.:

gratiam emeritis,

Ov. P. 1, 7, 61:

gratiam factis,

id. Tr. 5, 4, 47.— Plur.:

pro tantis eorum in rem publicam meritis honores ei habeantur gratiaeque referantur,

Cic. Phil. 3, 15, 39; 10, 11, 1:

dis advenientem gratias pro meritis agere,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 27; v. gratia.—

To bring back any thing; to repeat, renew, restore, = repetere, retractare, renovare, etc.:

(Hecyram) Iterum referre,

to produce it again, Ter. Hec. prol. 7; id. ib. prol. alt. 21 and 30; cf. Hor. A. P. 179.— So, to bring up for reconsideration:

rem judicatam,

Cic. Dom. 29, 78:

ludunt... Dictaeos referunt Curetas,

Lucr. 2, 633:

Actia pugna per pueros refertur,

Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 62: institutum referri ac renovari, Civ. Div. in Caecil. 21, 68; cf.:

consuetudo longo intervallo repetita ac relata,

id. ib. 21, 67:

te illud idem, quod tum explosum et ejectum est, nunc rettulisse demiror,

Cic. Clu. 31, 86:

cum ad idem, unde semel profecta sunt, cuncta astra redierint eandemque totius caeli descriptionem longis intervallis retulerint,

id. Rep. 6, 22, 24:

mysteria ad quae biduo serius veneram,

id. de Or. 3, 20, 75:

quasdam caerimonias ex magno intervallo,

Liv. 3, 55:

antiquum morem,

Suet. Caes. 20:

consuetudinem antiquam,

id. Tib. 32 et saep.:

cum aditus consul idem illud responsum rettulit,

repeated, Liv. 37, 6 fin.:

veterem Valeriae gentis in liberandā patriā laudem,

to restore, Cic. Fl. 1, 1:

hunc morem, hos casus atque haec certamina primus Ascanius Rettulit,

Verg. A. 5, 598:

O mihi praeteritos referat si Juppiter annos,

id. ib. 8, 560.—

To represent, set forth anew, reproduce, etc.:

referre Naturam, mores, victum motusque parentum,

to reproduce, Lucr. 1, 597:

majorum vultus vocesque comasque,

id. 4, 1221:

mores, os vultusque ejus (sc. patris),

Plin. Ep. 5, 16, 9:

parentis sui speciem,

Liv. 10, 7; cf.:

(Tellus) partim figuras Rettulit antiquas, partim nova monstra creavit,

Ov. M. 1, 437:

faciem demptā pelle novam,

Tib. 1, 8, 46:

temporis illius vultum,

Ov. M. 13, 443: si quis mihi parvulus aulā Luderet Aeneas, qui te tamen ore [p. 1545] referret, might represent, resemble thee, Verg. A. 4, 329; cf.:

nomine avum referens, animo manibusque parentem,

id. ib. 12, 348:

Marsigni sermone vultuque Suevos referunt,

Tac. G. 43:

neque amissos colores lana refert,

Hor. C. 3, 5, 28.—

To convey a report, account, intelligence, by speech or by writing; to report, announce, relate, recite, repeat, recount; to mention, allege (class.;

in late Lat. saepissime): certorum hominum sermones referebantur ad me,

Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 10 Orell. N. cr.:

tales miserrima fletus Fertque refertque soror (sc. ad Aeneam),

Verg. A. 4, 438:

pugnam referunt,

Ov. M. 12, 160:

factum dictumve,

Liv. 6, 40:

si quis hoc referat exemplum,

Quint. 5, 11, 8:

in epistulis Cicero haec Bruti refert verba,

id. 6, 3, 20:

quale refert Cicero de homine praelongo, caput eum, etc.,

id. 6, 3, 67 et saep.:

quaecunque refers,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 60; 2, 1, 130:

sermones deorum,

id. C. 3, 3, 71:

multum referens de Maecenate,

Juv. 1, 66. —With obj.-clause, Suet. Caes. 30; Ov. M. 1, 700; 4, 796:

Celso gaudere et bene rem gerere refer,

Hor. Ep. 1, 8, 2 al.; cf. poet. by Greek attraction:

quia rettulit Ajax Esse Jovis pronepos,

Ov. M. 13, 141; and:

referre aliquid in annales,

Liv. 4, 34 fin., and 43, 13, 2:

ut Proetum mulier perfida credulum Falsis impulerit criminibus, refert,

Hor. C. 3, 7, 16.— Absol.:

quantum, inquam, debetis? Respondent CVI. Refero ad Scaptium,

I report, announce it to Scaptius, Cic. Att. 5, 21, 12:

in quo primum saepe aliter est dictum, aliter ad nos relatum,

reported, stated, id. Brut. 57, 288:

(Hortensius) nullo referente, omnia adversariorum dicta meminisset,

id. ib. 88, 301:

abi, quaere, et refer,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 53. —

Poet. (mostly in Ovid), to repeat to one ' s self, call to mind:

tacitāque recentia mente Visa refert,

Ov. M. 15, 27:

si forte refers,

id. Am. 2, 8, 17:

haec refer,

id. R. Am. 308:

saepe refer tecum sceleratae facta puellae,

id. ib. 299:

mente memor refero,

id. M. 15, 451:

foeda Lycaoniae referens convivia mensae,

id. ib. 1, 165; cf.:

illam meminitque refertque,

id. ib. 11, 563.—

Pregn., to say in return, to rejoin, answer, reply (syn. respondeo):

id me non ad meam defensionem attulisse, sed illorum defensioni rettulisse,

Cic. Caecin. 29, 85:

ego tibi refero,

I reply to you, id. ib. 29, 85, §

84: ut si esset dictum, etc., et referret aliquis Ergo, etc.,

id. Fat. 13, 30:

quid a nobis autem refertur,

id. Quint. 13, 44: retices;

nec mutua nostris Dicta refers,

Ov. M. 1, 656; 14, 696:

Musa refert,

id. ib. 5, 337; id. F. 5, 278:

Anna refert,

Verg. A. 4, 31:

talia voce,

id. ib. 1, 94:

pectore voces,

id. ib. 5, 409:

tandem pauca refert,

id. ib. 4, 333 et saep. —

Publicists' t. t.

To bring, convey, deliver any thing as an official report, to report, announce, notify, = renuntiare:

legati haec se ad suos relaturos dixerunt,

Caes. B. G. 4, 9; cf.:

cujus orationem legati domum referunt,

id. B. C. 1, 35: responsa (legati), Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 380, 31:

legationem Romam,

Liv. 7, 32:

mandata ad aliquem,

Caes. B. C. 3, 57:

responsa,

id. B. G. 1, 35; cf.:

mandata alicui,

id. ib. 1, 37:

numerum capitum ad aliquem,

id. ib. 2, 33 fin.:

rumores excipere et ad aliquem referre,

Cic. Deiot. 9, 25; cf. Caes. B. G. 1, 47:

Ubii paucis diebus intermissis referunt, Suevos omnes, etc.,

id. ib. 6, 10; Liv. 3, 38, 12.—

Ad senatum de aliquā re referre (less freq with acc., a rel.-clause, or absol.), to make a motion or proposition in the Senate; to consult, refer to, or lay before the Senate; to move, bring forward, propose: VTI L. PAVLVS C. MARCELLVS COSS... DE CONSVLARIBVS PROVINCIIS AD SENATVM REFERRENT, NEVE QVID PRIVS... AD SENATVM REFERRENT, NEVE QVID CONIVNCTVM DE EA RE REFERRETVR A CONSVLIBVS, S. C. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 5 sq.: de legibus abrogandis ad senatum referre. Cic. Cornel. 1, Fragm. 8 (p. 448 Orell.); cf.:

de quo legando consules spero ad senatum relaturos,

id. Imp. Pomp. 19, 58:

de ejus honore ad senatum referre,

id. Phil. 8, 11, 33:

de eā re postulant uti referatur. Itaque consulente Cicerone frequens senatus decernit, etc.,

Sall. C. 48, 5, 6:

rem ad senatum refert,

id. ib. 29, 1; cf.:

tunc relata ex integro res ad senatum,

Liv. 21, 5:

rem ad senatum,

id. 2, 22:

consul convocato senatu refert, quid de his fieri placeat, qui, etc.,

Sall. C. 50, 3: ut ex litteris ad senatum referretur, impetrari (a consulibus) non potuit. Referunt consules de re publicā, Caes. B. C. 1, 1; cf.:

refer, inquis, ad senatum. Non referam,

Cic. Cat. 1, 8, 20.—

Of other bodies than the Senate (cf.: defero, fero): C. Cassium censorem de signo Concordiae dedicando ad pontificum collegium rettulisse,

Cic. Dom. 53, 136: eam rem ad consilium cum rettulisset Fabius. Liv. 24, 45, 2; 30, 4, 9:

est quod referam ad consilium,

id. 30, 31, 9; 44, 2, 5; Curt. 4, 11, 10.— Per syllepsin: DE EA RE AD SENATVM POPVLVMQVE REFERRI, since referre ad populum was not used in this sense (for ferre ad populum); v. fero, and the foll. g:

de hoc (sc. Eumene) Antigonus ad consilium rettulit,

Nep. Eum. 12, 1.— Transf., to make a reference, to refer (class.): de rebus et obscuris et incertis ad Apollinem censeo referendum;

ad quem etiam Athenienses publice de majoribus rebus semper rettulerunt,

Cic. Div. 1, 54, 122; cf. Nep. Lys. 3; Cic. Quint. 16, 53.— Different from this is, *

Referre ad populum (for denuo ferre), to propose or refer any thing anew to the people (cf. supra, II. B. 2.;

v. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 1006): factum est illorum aequitate et sapientiā consulum, ut id, quod senatus decreverat, id postea referendum ad populum non arbitrarentur,

Cic. Clu. 49, 137; cf. Att. ap. Non. p. 512, 29; Liv. 22, 20; Val. Max. 8, 10, 1.—

A mercantile and publicists' t. t., to note down, enter any thing in writing; to inscribe, register, record, etc.:

cum scirem, ita indicium in tabulas publicas relatum,

Cic. Sull. 15, 42:

in tabulas quodcumque commodum est,

id. Fl. 9, 20:

nomen in tabulas, in codicem,

id. Rosc. Com. 1, 4:

quod reliquum in commentarium,

id. Att. 7, 3, 7:

quid in libellum,

id. Phil. 1, 8, 19:

tuas epistulas in volumina,

i. e. to admit, id. Fam. 16, 17 init.; cf.:

orationem in Origines,

id. Brut. 23, 89 al.:

in reos, in proscriptos referri,

to be set down among, id. Rosc. Am. 10, 27:

absentem in reos,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 42, § 109; cf.:

aliquem inter proscriptos,

Suet. Aug. 70:

anulos quoque depositos a nobilitate, in annales relatum est,

Plin. 33, 1, 6, § 18:

senatūs consulta falsa (sc. in aerarium),

enter, register, Cic. Fam. 12, 1, 1; id. Phil. 5, 4, 12. —Entirely absol.:

ut nec triumviri accipiundo nec scribae referundo sufficerent,

Liv. 26, 36 fin. —Here, too, belongs referre rationes or aliquid (in rationibus, ad aerarium, ad aliquem, alicui), to give, present, or render an account:

rationes totidem verbis referre ad aerarium,

Cic. Fam. 5, 20, 2;

and rationes referre alone: in rationibus referendis... rationum referendarum jus, etc.,

id. ib. 5, 20, 1; id. Pis. 25, 61; id. Verr. 2, 1, 30, § 77; 2, 3, 71, § 167:

referre rationes publicas ad Caesarem cum fide,

Caes. B. C. 2, 20 fin.:

si hanc ex fenore pecuniam populo non rettuleris, reddas societati,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 71, § 167:

(pecuniam) in aerarium,

Liv. 37, 57, 12; cf.: pecuniam operi publico, to charge to, i. e. to set down as applied to, Cic. Fl. 19, 44.— So, too, acceptum and in acceptum referre, to place to one ' s credit, in a lit. and trop. sense (v. accipio).— Hence, transf.: aliquem (aliquid) in numero (as above, in rationibus), in numerum, etc., to count or reckon a person or thing among:

Democritus, qui imagines eorumque circuitus in deorum numero refert,

Cic. N. D. 1, 12, 29:

(Caesar, Claudius) in deorum numerum relatus est,

Suet. Caes. 88; id. Claud. 45:

Ponticus Heraclides terram et caelum refert in deos,

Cic. N. D. 1, 13, 34:

nostri oratorii libri in Eundem librorum numerum referendi videntur,

id. Div. 2, 1, 4: hoc nomen in codicem relatum, id. Rosc. Com. B. and K. (al. in codice).—With inter (postAug. and freq.):

ut inter deos referretur (August.),

Suet. Aug. 97:

diem inter festos, nefastos,

Tac. A. 13, 41 fin.:

hi tamen inter Germanos referuntur,

id. G. 46; Suet. Claud. 11; id. Tib. 53:

dumque refert inter meritorum maxima, demptos Aesonis esse situs,

Ov. M. 7, 302:

intellectum est, quod inter divos quoque referretur,

Lampr. Alex. Sev. 14:

inter sidera referre,

Hyg. Fab. 192:

inter praecipua crudelitatis indicia referendus,

Val. Max. 9, 2, ext. 5:

inter insulas,

Plin. 5, 9, 9, § 48:

dicebat quasdam esse quaestiones, quae deberent inter res judicatas referri,

Sen. Contr. 2, 11, 12:

eodem Q. Caepionem referrem,

I should place in the same category, Cic. Brut. 62, 223.—

Referre aliquid ad aliquid, to trace back, ascribe, refer a thing to any thing:

qui pecudum ritu ad voluptatem omnia referunt,

Cic. Lael. 9, 32:

omnia ad igneam vim,

id. N. D. 3, 14, 35:

omnia ad incolumitatem et ad libertatem suam,

id. Rep. 1, 32, 49; 1, 26, 41:

in historiā quaeque ad veritatem, in poëmate pleraque ad delectationem,

id. Leg. 1, 1, 5; id. Off. 1, 16, 52 et saep. al.:

hunc ipsum finem definiebas id esse, quo omnia, quae recte fierent, referrentur, neque id ipsum usquam referretur,

id. Fin. 2, 2, 5; cf.

nusquam,

id. ib. 1, 9, 29:

ad commonendum oratorem, quo quidque referat,

id. de Or. 1, 32, 145:

hinc omne principium, huc refer exitum,

Hor. C. 3, 6, 6.— With dat.:

cujus adversa pravitati ipsius, prospera ad fortunam referebat,

Tac. A. 14, 38 fin. — In Tac. once with in:

quidquid ubique magnificum est, in claritatem ejus (sc. Herculis) referre consensimus,

Tac. G. 34.—Rarely of persons;

as: tuum est Caesar, quid nunc mihi animi sit, ad te ipsum referre,

Cic. Deiot. 2, 7.— Absol.: ita inserere oportet referentem ad fructum, meliore genere ut sit surculus, etc., one who looks to or cares for the fruit, Varr. R. R. 1, 40, 6.—

Culpam in aliquem referre, to throw the blame upon, accuse, hold responsible for, etc. (post-Aug.):

hic, quod in adversis rebis solet fieri, alius in alium culpam referebant,

Curt. 4, 3, 7; Aug. contr. Man. 2, 17, 25 Hier. Epp. 1, 9 fin.: cf.:

augere ejus, in quem referet crimen, culpam,

Cic. Inv. 2, 28, 83:

causa ad matrem referebatur,

Tac. A. 6, 49:

causam abscessus ad Sejani artes,

id. ib. 4, 57.

rĕ-vincĭo, vinxi, vinctum, 4, v. a.

To bind back or backwards; to bind around, bind fast, fasten (class.; not in Cic.).

Lit.:

nisi esset (terra) caelo revincta,

Lucr. 5, 553:

ancorae pro funibus ferreis catenis revinctae,

Caes. B. G. 3, 13:

tignis in contrariam partem revinctis,

id. ib. 4, 17; cf.:

trabes introrsus,

id. ib. 7, 23:

stipites demissi et ab infimo revincti,

id. ib. 7, 73:

navigium (with religare),

Plin. Pan. 82, 2:

aliquem ad saxa,

to bind fast, Ov. M. 11, 212; cf.:

zonam de poste,

id. ib. 10, 379:

errantem Mycono e celsā Gyaroque revinxit,

Verg. A. 3, 76: caput tortā angue, bound around, Varr. Atacin. ap. Charis. p. 70 P.; cf.:

latus ense,

to gird, Prop. 3, 14 (4, 13), 11:

templum Velleribus niveis et festā fronde revinctum,

Verg. A. 4, 459.—

In a Greek construction: ecce manūs juvenem interea post terga revinctum trahebant,

with his hands tied behind him, Verg. A. 2, 57:

qui recitat lanā fauces et colla revinctus,

wrapped up, Mart. 6, 41, 1.— Poet.:

latices in glaciem revincti,

bound, stiffened, Claud. in Rufin. 1, 167.—

Trop., to bind, fasten, etc.:

mentem amore,

Cat. 61, 33:

urbes legibus,

Claud. B. Gild. 47:

te sibi generum fraternā prole, id. Nupt. Honor. et Mar. 36: miserā in peste revinctos confodiunt,

Val. Fl. 6, 418; 4, 708.—

To unbind, loose:

quempiam (opp. alligare, and = resolvere),

Col. 1, 8, 16.

sĭnŭo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [id.].

Lit., to bend, wind, curve; to bow, to swell out in curves (perh. not ante-Aug.; most freq. in the poets;

syn.: curvo, flecto): (anguis) sinuat immensa volumine terga,

Verg. A. 2, 208; cf.:

flexos corpus in orbes (anguis),

Ov. M. 9, 64:

(equus) sinuet alterna volumina crurum,

Verg. G. 3, 192:

imposito patulos calamo sinuaverat arcus,

i. e. had bent, stretched, Ov. M. 8, 30; so,

arcum,

id. ib. 8, 381: nervum, Sen. Herc. Fur. 1198:

Euphraten immensum attolli et in modum diadematis sinuare orbes,

Tac. A. 6, 37:

(anguis) immensos saltu sinuatur in arcus,

Ov. M. 3, 42; cf.:

gurges curvos sinuatus in arcus,

id. ib. 14, 51:

cornua Lunae sinuantur,

id. ib. 3, 682; 14, 501; Cels. 8, 1 med.: muri per artem obliqui aut introrsus sinuati, bent inwards, i. e. with retreating angles, Tac. H. 5, 11; cf.:

exercitus in cornua, sinuatā mediā parte, curvatur,

Sen. Vit. Beat. 4:

(Chaucorum gens) donec in Chattos usque sinuetur,

extends in a curve, Tac. G. 35:

Ionia se ambagibus sinuat,

Mel. 1, 17:

oceanum,

Claud. Rapt. Pros. 1, 271.—

Transf., to hollow out, excavate:

adhuc sana rodendo,

Cels. 7, 2, § 21.

tormentum, i, n. [torqueo, an instrument with which any thing is turned or twisted].

Lit.:

tormenta telorum,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 24, 57:

tormentis Mutinam verberavit,

id. Phil. 8, 7, 20; Caes. B. G. 2, 8; 4, 25; id. B. C. 1, 17; Hirt. B. G. 8, 14, 5:

machinator bellicorum tormentorum,

Liv. 24, 34, 2; Sil. 6, 279; Tac. A. 2, 81; id. H. 3, 20; 4, 23; Curt. 4, 3, 13.—

Transf., a missile, shot thrown by the engine:

quod unum genus tegumenti nullo telo neque tormento transici posse,

Caes. B. C. 2, 9;

telum tormentumve missum,

id. ib. 3, 51; 3, 56; Plin. 8, 23, 35, § 85; Stat. Th. 9, 145; Curt. 4, 2, 9.—

A (twisted) cord, rope: praesectis [p. 1879] crinibus tormenta effecerunt, Caes. B. C. 3, 9:

falces tormentis introrsus reducebant,

id. B. G. 7, 22, 2:

laxare,

Quint. Decl. 19, 15; Grat. Cyn. 26; Auct. Priap. 6:

stuppeum,

App. Mag. p. 276, 14:

ferreum,

i. e. fetters, Plaut. Curc. 2, 1, 12; cf.:

sine tormentorum injuriā,

Petr. 102.—

An instrument of torture, a rack.

Lit.:

verberibus ac tormentis quaestionem habere,

Cic. Phil. 11, 2, 5; 11, 4, 8; 13, 9, 21:

quaerere de aliquo tormentis,

id. Deiot. 1, 3; id. Clu. 63, 176 sq.; id. Mil. 21, 57; 22, 58; id. Sull. 28, 78; id. Off. 3, 9, 39; id. Part. Or. 14, 50; id. Tusc. 5, 28, 80; Caes. B. G. 6, 18; Quint. 2, 20, 10; 3, 5, 10; Suet. Tib. 19; 58; 62 al.:

tu lene tormentum ingenio admoves,

a rack of a mild sort, Hor. C. 3, 21, 13.—

Transf., in gen., torture, anguish, pain, torment, etc.:

cruciatus et tormenta pati,

Plin. Ep. 1, 12, 6; cf.:

tormento liberari,

Col. 6, 7, 1; so of the torture or pain of sickness, Cels. 7, 11; Plin. 19, 8, 44, § 155; 20, 4, 13, § 27; 22, 22, 37, § 79:

tormenta fortunae,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 1, 1: caecae suspitionis, Caecin. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 4:

invidiā Siculi non invenere tyranni Majus tormentum,

Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 59; Juv. 2, 137:

esse in tormentis,

Plin. Ep. 8, 23, 9:

incredibiles cruciatus et indignissima tormenta pati,

id. ib. 1, 12, 6:

tormentum sibi injungere,

id. Pan. 86, 1:

bene tormentis secubituque coli,

Ov. Am. 3, 10, 16; so of the pain of love, Mart. 7, 29, 1:

tormentis gaudet amantis,

Juv. 6, 209:

animi tormenta latentis in aegro Corpore,

id. 9, 18.—

A clothes-press, mangle, Sen. Tranq. 1, 3.