-
21 ISS
1) Общая лексика: Information Systems and Services (информационные системы и услуги), In School Suspension, временное отстранение от школы, применяется в виде наказания2) Медицина: Investigator Sponsored Study (Исследование, спонсируемое ( проводимое) исследователем), idiopathic short stature (идиопатическая низкорослость)3) Американизм: Immigrant Social Services, Intelligence Systems Secretariat, International Sucking Sound4) Спорт: International Superstar Soccer5) Военный термин: Information Security System, Inspection Selection System, Institute for Strategic Studies, Institute of Special Studies, Integrated Systems Support, Intelligence Support Staff, Intelligence Support Subsystem, Interactive Survivability Simulation, image sensor system, image sharpness scale, independent suspension system, industrial security section, industry standard specifications, inertial subsystem, information system section, infrared sensor system, infrared surveillance set, installation support services, instruction summary sheet, instrumentation subsystem, integrated satellite system, integrated sealift study, integrated system, schematic, intercept surveillance station, intermediate service school, internal switching system, interservice supply support, interservice support, interstage section shell6) Техника: Institute for Security Studies, infrared surveillance system, intercomputer synchronization scheme, ionosphere sounding station7) Шутливое выражение: Instant Space Station, Institute Of Silly Strings8) Автомобильный термин: input shaft speed, instant start system (diesel engine)9) Сокращение: In-Service Support, Information Systems Security, Input SubSystem, Institute for Socioeconomic Studies, Institute of Space Sciences, Intelligence Support System, Interface Shipset (Canada), Interference Suppression System, International Security Services Ltd (UK), International Social Service, International Space Station, International Students Society, International Symbology Specification (USPS pub. 109) for barcode10) Университет: Institute of Social Studies, Instructional Support Staff, International Students Service11) Физика: ion scattering spectroscopy12) Электроника: Ion Scattering Spectrometry/Spectroscopy13) Вычислительная техника: image storage system14) Нефть: instrument safety system15) Космонавтика: МКС, международная космическая станция16) Экология: International Seaweed Symposium, Ionosphere Sounding Satellite17) Деловая лексика: Instrument Sales And Service18) Образование: Indiana Science Standards19) Сетевые технологии: Initial Send Sequence, Internet Server Supplement, integrated support station, пункт комплексного технического обслуживания20) Автоматика: information-sharing system21) Океанография: Inclination Sensor System, Integrated Sounding System22) Химическое оружие: Installation Support System, influent suspended solids, installation supply system23) Макаров: interim storage site24) Клинические исследования: integrated summary of safety -
22 iss
1) Общая лексика: Information Systems and Services (информационные системы и услуги), In School Suspension, временное отстранение от школы, применяется в виде наказания2) Медицина: Investigator Sponsored Study (Исследование, спонсируемое ( проводимое) исследователем), idiopathic short stature (идиопатическая низкорослость)3) Американизм: Immigrant Social Services, Intelligence Systems Secretariat, International Sucking Sound4) Спорт: International Superstar Soccer5) Военный термин: Information Security System, Inspection Selection System, Institute for Strategic Studies, Institute of Special Studies, Integrated Systems Support, Intelligence Support Staff, Intelligence Support Subsystem, Interactive Survivability Simulation, image sensor system, image sharpness scale, independent suspension system, industrial security section, industry standard specifications, inertial subsystem, information system section, infrared sensor system, infrared surveillance set, installation support services, instruction summary sheet, instrumentation subsystem, integrated satellite system, integrated sealift study, integrated system, schematic, intercept surveillance station, intermediate service school, internal switching system, interservice supply support, interservice support, interstage section shell6) Техника: Institute for Security Studies, infrared surveillance system, intercomputer synchronization scheme, ionosphere sounding station7) Шутливое выражение: Instant Space Station, Institute Of Silly Strings8) Автомобильный термин: input shaft speed, instant start system (diesel engine)9) Сокращение: In-Service Support, Information Systems Security, Input SubSystem, Institute for Socioeconomic Studies, Institute of Space Sciences, Intelligence Support System, Interface Shipset (Canada), Interference Suppression System, International Security Services Ltd (UK), International Social Service, International Space Station, International Students Society, International Symbology Specification (USPS pub. 109) for barcode10) Университет: Institute of Social Studies, Instructional Support Staff, International Students Service11) Физика: ion scattering spectroscopy12) Электроника: Ion Scattering Spectrometry/Spectroscopy13) Вычислительная техника: image storage system14) Нефть: instrument safety system15) Космонавтика: МКС, международная космическая станция16) Экология: International Seaweed Symposium, Ionosphere Sounding Satellite17) Деловая лексика: Instrument Sales And Service18) Образование: Indiana Science Standards19) Сетевые технологии: Initial Send Sequence, Internet Server Supplement, integrated support station, пункт комплексного технического обслуживания20) Автоматика: information-sharing system21) Океанография: Inclination Sensor System, Integrated Sounding System22) Химическое оружие: Installation Support System, influent suspended solids, installation supply system23) Макаров: interim storage site24) Клинические исследования: integrated summary of safety -
23 error
- absolute error
- accidental error
- accumulated error
- accuracy error
- actual error
- addressing error
- admissible error
- alignment error
- alpha error
- altering error
- ambiguity error
- amplitude error
- analytic truncation error
- approximation error
- arithmetic error
- ascertainment error
- asymptotic error
- bad call format error
- bad command error
- bad tape error
- bad unit error
- balanced error
- balancing error
- beta error
- bias error
- black-to-white error
- block error
- burst error
- call error
- causative error
- chance error
- characteristic error
- checksum error
- code error
- coefficient setting error
- coincidence error
- common error
- compare error
- compensating error
- completeness error
- composition error
- computational error
- configuration error
- connection error
- consistency error
- constant error
- constructional error
- construction error
- contributory error
- control error
- correctable error
- correlated errors
- cratered error
- cumulative error
- data error
- data handling error
- database interface error
- data-bit error
- declare error
- deletion error
- design error
- detectable error
- determinable error
- difficult-to-locate error
- displacement error
- distinct errors
- documentation error
- double error
- double-bit error
- downward error
- drift error
- dropout error
- dynamic error
- error of behavior
- error of calculations
- error of estimation
- error of first kind
- error of solution
- error per digit
- estimated error
- estimation error
- ever-increasing error
- execution error
- expected squared error
- experimental error
- external error
- fabrication error
- fatal error
- fatal hard error
- fencepost error
- file error
- fixed error
- following error
- framing error
- frequency error
- general error
- generated error
- gross error
- handling error
- hard error
- human error
- human-factor error
- hysteresis error
- illegal control-message error
- implementation error
- indeterminate error
- inherent error
- inherited error
- initial error
- in-process error
- input error
- input/output error
- insertion error
- insidious error
- instrumental error
- intentional error
- intermittent error
- intrinsic error
- introduced error
- isolated error
- limiting error
- linearity error
- link error
- loading error
- logical error
- machine error
- marginal error
- mark-track error
- matching error
- maximum error
- mean-root-square error
- mean-square error
- metering error
- minor errors
- missing error
- misuse error
- module-parity check error
- module-parity error
- multiple error
- multiplier zero error
- no-job definition error
- non-DOS disk error
- nonsampling error
- no-paper error
- not ready error
- numerical error
- off-by-one error
- operating error
- operator error
- out of memory error
- output error
- overflow error
- overrun error
- parity check error
- parity error
- patching error
- pattern-sensitive error
- periodic error
- permissible error
- phase error
- physical error
- potentiometer loading error
- precautionary error
- predictable error
- preset database error
- probable error
- program error
- program-dependent error
- program-sensitive error
- propagated error
- propagation error
- pulse-train-starting error
- quantization error
- quit error
- random error
- read fault error
- reasonable error
- recoverable error
- recurrent error
- reduced error
- rejection error
- relative error
- repetitive error
- requirement error
- requirements compliance error
- residual error
- resolution error
- response error
- restoration error
- resultant error
- root-mean-square error
- rounding error
- roundoff error
- sampling error
- sector not found error
- seek error
- select error
- semantic error
- sequence error
- setup error
- similar errors
- single error
- single-bit error
- single-step error
- size error
- soft error
- software error
- solid burst error
- solid error
- specification error
- spelling error
- static error
- statistical error
- steady-state error
- stored error
- substitution error
- subtle error
- symptomatic error
- syntactic error
- syntax error
- system error
- systematical error
- systematic error
- time error
- time-base error
- timing error
- tolerated error
- total error
- transient error
- transmission error
- transmitted error
- triple error
- truncation error
- type I error
- typing error
- unbiased error
- uncompensated error
- uncorrectable error
- underflow error
- underrun error
- undetectable error
- unidentified error
- unidirectional error
- uniformly bounded error
- unrecoverable error
- usage error
- white-black error
- wiring error
- write error
- write fault error
- write protect error
- zero error
- zero point error
- zero-drift errorEnglish-Russian dictionary of computer science and programming > error
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24 data
данные, информация, сведения
– data acquisition
– data array
– data base
– data block
– data buffer
– data buffering
– data bus
– data cable
– data carrier
– data channel
– data collection unit
– data collision
– data communication
– data communications equipment
– data communications protocol
– data comparator
– data compression
– data conversion
– data description entry
– data development
– data display
– data display device
– data entity
– data entry
– data field
– data file
– data filter
– data flow
– data format
– data generation
– data generator
– data group
– data handling
– data hierarchy
– data highway
– data independence
– data input
– data input device
– data interblock
– data interface
– data interrupt
– data item
– data library
– data line
– data link
– data location information
– data logger
– data loss
– data management
– data manipulation
– data material
– data memory
– data movement
– data needs
– data object
– data origination
– data packing
– data pass
– data path
– data port
– data presentation
– data processing system
– data qualification
– data rate
– data reading
– data receiver
– data record
– data recovery
– data reducer
– data reduction
– data register
– data representation
– data requirements
– data requirements analysis
– data resource management
– data retention time
– data retrieval
– data retrieval system
– data scanning
– data segment
– data set
– data sorting
– data source
– data specification
– data station
– data storage
– data structure
– data system
– data tablet
– data tape
– data transfer
– data transfer register
– data translation
– data transmission
– data transmitter
– data type
– data unit
– data verification
– data-driven
– data-processing engineer
– data-query language
– data-sensitive
– data-vet program
– data-vetting program
-
25 BIOS
['baios] n. shkurtesë nga b asic i nput o utput s ystem ( BIOS) sistemi themelor për hyrje-dalje ( informatikë)What is BIOS?BIOS is an acronym for Basic Input/Output System. It is the boot firmware program on a PC, and controls the computer from the time you start it up until the operating system takes over. When you turn on a PC, the BIOS first conducts a basic hardware check, called a Power-On Self Test (POST), to determine whether all of the attachments are present and working. Then it loads the operating system into your computer's random access memory, or RAM.The BIOS also manages data flow between the computer's operating system and attached devices such as the hard disk, video card, keyboard, mouse, and printer.The BIOS stores the date, the time, and your system configuration information in a battery-powered, non-volatile memory chip, called a CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) after its manufacturing process.Although the BIOS is standardized and should rarely require updating, some older BIOS chips may not accommodate new hardware devices. Before the early 1990s, you couldn't update the BIOS without removing and replacing its ROM chip. Contemporary BIOS resides on memory chips such as flash chips or EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory), so that you can update the BIOS yourself if necessary.For detailed information about BIOS updates, visit:What is firmware?Firmware consists of programs installed semi-permanently into memory, using various types of programmable ROM chips, such as PROMS, EPROMs, EEPROMs, and flash chips.Firmware is non-volatile, and will remain in memory after you turn the system off.Often, the term firmware is used to refer specifically to boot firmware, which controls a computer from the time that it is turned on until the primary operating system has taken over. Boot firmware's main function is to initialize the hardware and then to boot (load and execute) the primary operating system. On PCs, the boot firmware is usually referred to as the BIOS.What is the difference between memory and disk storage?Memory and disk storage both refer to internal storage space in a computer.The term memory usually means RAM (Random Access Memory). To refer to hard drive storage, the terms disk space or storage are usually used.Typically, computers have much less memory than disk space, because RAM is much more expensive per megabyte than a hard disk. Today, a typical desktop computer might come with 512MB of RAM, and a 40 gigabyte hard disk.Virtual memory is disk space that has been designated to act like RAM.Computers also contain a small amount of ROM, or read-only memory, containing permanent or semi-permanent (firmware) instructions for checking hardware and starting up the computer. On a PC, this is called the BIOS.What is RAM?RAM stands for Random Access Memory. RAM provides space for your computer to read and write data to be accessed by the CPU (central processing unit). When people refer to a computer's memory, they usually mean its RAM.New computers typically come with at least 256 megabytes (MB) of RAM installed, and can be upgraded to 512MB or even a gigabyte or more.If you add more RAM to your computer, you reduce the number of times your CPU must read data from your hard disk. This usually allows your computer to work considerably faster, as RAM is many times faster than a hard disk.RAM is volatile, so data stored in RAM stays there only as long as your computer is running. As soon as you turn the computer off, the data stored in RAM disappears.When you turn your computer on again, your computer's boot firmware (called BIOS on a PC) uses instructions stored semi-permanently in ROM chips to read your operating system and related files from the disk and load them back into RAM.Note: On a PC, different parts of RAM may be more or less easily accessible to programs. For example, cache RAM is made up of very high-speed RAM chips which sit between the CPU and main RAM, storing (i.e., caching) memory accesses by the CPU. Cache RAM helps to alleviate the gap between the speed of a CPU's megahertz rating and the ability of RAM to respond and deliver data. It reduces how often the CPU must wait for data from main memory.What is ROM?ROM is an acronym for Read-Only Memory. It refers to computer memory chips containing permanent or semi-permanent data. Unlike RAM, ROM is non-volatile; even after you turn off your computer, the contents of ROM will remain.Almost every computer comes with a small amount of ROM containing the boot firmware. This consists of a few kilobytes of code that tell the computer what to do when it starts up, e.g., running hardware diagnostics and loading the operating system into RAM. On a PC, the boot firmware is called the BIOS.Originally, ROM was actually read-only. To update the programs in ROM, you had to remove and physically replace your ROM chips. Contemporary versions of ROM allow some limited rewriting, so you can usually upgrade firmware such as the BIOS by using installation software. Rewritable ROM chips include PROMs (programmable read-only memory), EPROMs (erasable read-only memory), EEPROMs (electrically erasable programmable read-only memory), and a common variation of EEPROMs called flash memory.What is an ACPI BIOS?ACPI is an acronym that stands for Advanced Configuration and Power Interface, a power management specification developed by Intel, Microsoft, and Toshiba. ACPI support is built into Windows 98 and later operating systems. ACPI is designed to allow the operating system to control the amount of power provided to each device or peripheral attached to the computer system. This provides much more stable and efficient power management and makes it possible for the operating system to turn off selected devices, such as a monitor or CD-ROM drive, when they are not in use.ACPI should help eliminate computer lockup on entering power saving or sleep mode. This will allow for improved power management, especially in portable computer systems where reducing power consumption is critical for extending battery life. ACPI also allows for the computer to be turned on and off by external devices, so that the touch of a mouse or the press of a key will "wake up" the computer. This new feature of ACPI, called OnNow, allows a computer to enter a sleep mode that uses very little power.In addition to providing power management, ACPI also evolves the existing Plug and Play BIOS (PnP BIOS) to make adding and configuring new hardware devices easier. This includes support for legacy non-PnP devices and improved support for combining older devices with ACPI hardware, allowing both to work in a more efficient manner in the same computer system. The end result of this is to make the BIOS more PnP compatible.What is CMOS?CMOS, short for Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor, is a low-power, low-heat semiconductor technology used in contemporary microchips, especially useful for battery-powered devices. The specific technology is explained in detail at:http://searchsmb.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid44_gci213860,00.htmlMost commonly, though, the term CMOS is used to refer to small battery-powered configuration chips on system boards of personal computers, where the BIOS stores the date, the time, and system configuration details.How do I enter the Setup program in my BIOS?Warning: Your BIOS Setup program is very powerful. An incorrect setting could cause your computer not to boot properly. You should make sure you understand what a setting does before you change it.You can usually run Setup by pressing a special function key or key combination soon after turning on the computer, during its power-on self test (POST), before the operating system loads (or before the operating system's splash screen shows). During POST, the BIOS usually displays a prompt such as:Press F2 to enter SetupMany newer computers display a brief screen, usually black and white, with the computer manufacturer's logo during POST.Entering the designated keystroke will take you into the BIOS Setup. Common keystrokes to enter the BIOS Setup are F1, F2, F10, and Del.On some computers, such as some Gateway or Compaq computers, graphics appear during the POST, and the BIOS information is hidden. You must press Esc to make these graphics disappear. Your monitor will then display the correct keystroke to enter.Note: If you press the key too early or too often, the BIOS may display an error message. To avoid this, wait about five seconds after turning the power on, and then press the key once or twice.What's the difference between BIOS and CMOS?Many people use the terms BIOS (basic input/output system) and CMOS (complementary metal oxide semiconductor) to refer to the same thing. Though they are related, they are distinct and separate components of a computer. The BIOS is the program that starts a computer up, and the CMOS is where the BIOS stores the date, time, and system configuration details it needs to start the computer.The BIOS is a small program that controls the computer from the time it powers on until the time the operating system takes over. The BIOS is firmware, which means it cannot store variable data.CMOS is a type of memory technology, but most people use the term to refer to the chip that stores variable data for startup. A computer's BIOS will initialize and control components like the floppy and hard drive controllers and the computer's hardware clock, but the specific parameters for startup and initializing components are stored in the CMOS. -
26 language
1) язык || языковой2) машинный язык; набор символов ( машины)•- application-oriented language
- applicative language
- APT programming language
- APT-based language
- artificial language
- assembler language
- assembly language
- block diagram language
- calculus language
- classificatory indexing language
- command language
- communication-information language
- computer language
- context-free language
- context-sensitive language
- control language
- controlled language
- conversational programming language
- data definition language
- data description language
- data general language
- data general programming language
- data manipulation language
- data retrieval language
- data storage description language
- database control language
- database language
- database programming language
- definition language
- description indexing language
- description language
- descriptor indexing language
- DGL interpretative programming language
- documentary language
- domain-dependent language
- domain-independent language
- extended language
- extensible language
- formal language
- formalized language
- general-purpose language
- generic language
- geometry technology language
- global programming language
- graphics picture drawing language
- high-level language
- highly coded language
- hybrid language
- implementation language
- index retrieval language
- indexing language
- information language
- information processing language
- information retrieval language
- informational language
- information-algorithmic language
- interactive language
- interactive reader language
- intermediary language
- intermediate language
- interpretive language
- interrogation language
- ISO language
- job command language
- job control language
- language of science
- logical-information language
- machine control language
- machine language
- machinist's language
- manipulator-oriented language
- manufacturing application language
- meaning-representation language
- meta language
- native language
- natural language
- NC programming language
- numerical command language
- object description language
- object-oriented language
- operational performance analysis language
- plain language
- powerful programming language
- predicate calculus language
- predicate language
- predicate logic language
- problem-oriented language
- procedural language
- processing language
- process-oriented language
- production language
- production-rule language
- program language
- programming language
- query input language
- query language
- representation language
- retrieval language
- robotics language
- robot-programming language
- robot-specialized language
- rule-based programming language
- shop-oriented language
- Siman simulation language
- simulation language
- source language
- special interface programming language
- specification language
- state language
- structured query language
- switching language
- task description language
- task level language
- task-oriented language
- uncontrolled language
- very high level languageEnglish-Russian dictionary of mechanical engineering and automation > language
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27 technique
1) техника; технические средства; оборудование2) технология; технические приёмы•- adaptive responsive techniques
- adaptive technique
- AI technique
- algorithmic techniques
- analog computing technique
- analog probe technique
- artificial intelligence techniques
- backthinning technique
- beam manipulation technique
- beam-focusing technique
- behind tape reader technique
- benchmarking technique
- charting techniques
- clustering techniques
- CM technique
- computer simulation technique
- computing technique
- contouring technique
- cost-justification techniques
- curing technique
- current technique
- cusum technique
- Delphi technique
- digital technique
- direct-function calculation technique
- direct-function technique
- echo technique
- enumerative techniques
- fiber technique
- generative NC technique
- graphical design technique
- guarding technique
- high-tech machining technique
- holistic technique
- hybrid computing technique
- imaging technique
- in-cycle gaging technique
- in-process gaging technique
- input-shaping technique
- interactive programming technique
- interface technique
- JIT techniques
- job-setting technique
- laser materials processing technique
- laser-plasma technique
- little-and-often cutting technique
- machine-computing technique
- mass production technique
- measurement techniques
- measuring technique
- menu technique
- microelectronic technique
- microprocessor-based forecasting technique
- modular construction technique
- multimachine manning technique
- NC-machining technique
- numerical control technique
- optimizing technique
- parts classification technique
- peripheral techniques
- pretreatment techniques
- production technique
- programming technique
- reflection technique
- resonance technique
- responsive techniques
- reverberation technique
- risk-analysis technique
- risk-assessment technique
- robotic handling technique
- robotic sensory interactive technique
- safety technique
- search step technique
- simulation technique
- software techniques
- solid modeling techniques
- solid state technique
- specification techniques
- surface-mount technique
- through transmission technique
- time-series techniques
- tool wear sensing technique
- tool-holding technique
- touch trigger probing technique
- tracked locomotion techniques
- unit technique
- unmanned production technique
- wheeled locomotion techniques
- work-holding technique
- X-ray techniquesEnglish-Russian dictionary of mechanical engineering and automation > technique
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