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21 предварительный
1) ( предшествующий чему-л основному) preliminaryпредвари́тельные перегово́ры — preliminary talks / negotiations; pourparlers [pʊə'pɑːleɪ]
предвари́тельные расхо́ды — preliminary expenses
предвари́тельное сле́дствие юр. — preliminary investigation / inquest
предвари́тельное заключе́ние юр. — imprisonment before trial
предвари́тельная кома́нда воен. — preparatory command
2) ( обязательный для дальнейших действий) prior; prerequisiteпредвари́тельное одобре́ние — prior approval
э́то не допуска́ется без предвари́тельного пи́сьменного разреше́ния [уведомле́ния] друго́й стороны́ — this is not allowed without the prior written permission / agreement [notice / notification] of the other party
предвари́тельное усло́вие — precondition, prerequisite
перегово́ры без предвари́тельных усло́вий — negotiations without preconditions
3) (неокончательный, подлежащий уточнению или корректировке) tentative; interimпредвари́тельная договорённость (неокончательная) — tentative agreement (ср. тж. 4))
в предвари́тельном поря́дке — tentatively
по предвари́тельным да́нным — according to initial / tentative / preliminary data; tentatively
предвари́тельное предложе́ние — introductory offer
кно́пка предвари́тельной настро́йки — preset button
предвари́тельный дивиде́нд фин. — interim dividend
4) ( осуществляемый заранее) advanceпредвари́тельная прода́жа биле́тов — advance sale of tickets, advance booking
ка́сса предвари́тельной прода́жи биле́тов — advance booking office
предвари́тельная договорённость (достигнутая заранее) — advance agreement (ср. тж. 3))
предвари́тельный нагре́в тех. — preheating
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22 пункт
м.1) ( место на земной поверхности) pointнаселённый пункт — settlement; populated area; воен. inhabited locality / area
пункт назначе́ния — destination
2) ( небольшой центр с определёнными функциями) post, office, stationмедици́нский пункт — medical post; воен. dressing station; aid post
се́льский медици́нский пункт — rural medical post
перегово́рный пункт — long-distance (telephone) office; trunk-call office брит.
пункт обме́на валю́ты — exchange office / desk
пункт приёма стеклота́ры — bottle redemption centre
сбо́рный пункт — assembly point / place
призывно́й пункт — recruiting [-'kruːt-] centre; induction center амер.
опо́рный пункт воен. — strong point
наблюда́тельный пункт — observation post
кома́ндный пункт воен. — command [-ɑːnd] post
пункт сбо́ра (и отпра́вки) донесе́ний воен. — message centre
3) ( параграф) paragraph, item, clause; ( политической программы) plankпункт меню́ информ. — menu item
пункт обвине́ния юр. — charge
по пунктам — point by point, paragraph after paragraph, item after item
отвеча́ть по пунктам — answer point by point
чита́ть по пунктам — read paragraph by paragraph
по всем пунктам — at all points; at every point
4) ( отдельный момент в развитии чего-л) pointнача́льный / исхо́дный пункт — starting / initial point
кульминацио́нный пункт — culmination, climax
коне́чный пункт — terminal, terminus
5) (очко; единица измерения) pointпункт ку́рса це́нных бума́г — price point
проце́нтный пункт — percentage point
6) полигр. point -
23 просмотр
1. drop2. look3. lookup4. pass5. scanсканирование памяти; просмотр ячеек памяти — storage scan
просмотр команд; сканирование команд — command scan
6. browse7. browsing8. reviewingпросмотр "одним глазом" — secondary viewing
9. scanningсхема сканирования; схема просмотра — scanning diagram
10. traversal11. viewing12. examination; review; revision; oversight -
24 Alcácer-Quivir, Battle of
(4 August 1578)Known to history also as "The Battle of the Three Kings," this event helped weaken Portugal, deprive the country of a non-Castilian legitimate male heir, and led to her loss of independence. The site of the battle, known in Arabic as Alcazar-el-Kebr, is southwest of Arzila, Morocco, some 32 kilometers (20 miles) from Tangier. It was here that the Portuguese armed forces under the command of the foolhardy young king, 24-year-old Sebastião I of Aviz, were defeated and dispersed by Muslim forces under the Sharif of Morocco. More than 8,000 Portuguese died, including the king, whose body was apparently buried in Alcácer. About 15,000 of the Portuguese and their allied forces became prisoners in Morocco and few managed to escape to Portuguese forts on the coast. As a result of the disappearance of Sebastião and the defeat of an important part of the country's defense forces, Portugal was more vulnerable to Spanish power than since the late 14th century. In Morocco and in Portugal, rumors grew into legends concerning the fate of the young king. The cult and mythology of Sebastianism arose out of the initial uncertainty concerning the monarch's fate and the tragic decline and defeat of Portugal. "Sebas-tianism" featured myths that the king had survived and would return on a foggy morning to Portugal to drive out the Spanish invaders and restore Portugal to its former greatness. A vast literature in poetry, stories, novels, songs, and folklore grew around the sentiment of "Se-bastianism." Beginning in the late 16th century in Portugal, persons posing as the returned Sebastian, there to save Portugal, began to appear.Historical dictionary of Portugal > Alcácer-Quivir, Battle of
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25 μή
A mā´, Arm. mi [from I.-E. mē´], negative used in prohibitions):— not, the negative of the will and thought, as οὐ of fact and statement; μή rejects, οὐ denies; μή is relative, οὐ absolute; μή subjective, οὐ objective. (A few examples of μηδέ and μηδείς have been included.)A in INDEPENDENT sentences, used in expressions of will or wish, command, entreaty, warning,1 with [tense] pres. imper., 2 pers.,μή μ' ἐρέθιζε Il.1.32
, al.; 3 pers.,μή μευ πειράτω 9.345
, etc.: rarely with [tense] aor. imper.,μὴ.. ἔνθεο τιμῇ 4.410
, cf. Od.24.248; in [dialect] Att.,μὴ ψεῦσον, ὦ Ζεῦ, τῆς.. ἐλπίδος Ar.Th. 870
; 3 pers.,μή τις ἀκουσάτω Od.16.301
, cf. Pi.O.8.55, P.5.23, A.Th. 1041, S.Aj. 1180;μηδεὶς νομισάτω, προσδοκησάτω X.Cyr.7.5.73
, Pl.Ap. 17c: with [tense] pf. imper. 3 pers.,μή τις ὀπίσσω τετράφθω Il.12.272
; or 2 pers. when [tense] pf. = [tense] pres.,μὴ κεκράγετε Ar. V. 415
.2 with subj. (usu. 2 pers. of [tense] aor.), in prohibitions,μὴ δή με.. ἐάσῃς Il.5.684
, cf. A.Pr. 583 (lyr.), al.; μή τοί με κρύψῃς τοῦτο ib. 625, cf. S.Ph. 470;μὴ φθονήσῃς Pl.Prt. 320c
: coupled with [tense] pres. imper.,μὴ βοηθήσητε τῷ πεπονθότι δεινά, μὴ εὐορκεῖτε D.21.211
; 3 pers.,μὴ.. γένηται Il.4.37
, cf. Od.22.213;μὴ ματεύσῃ θεὸς γενέσθαι Pi.O.5.24
: rarely, if ever, with 2 pers. [tense] pres. subj., (leg. κάμῃς); 3 pers., μή τις οἴηται, = μὴ οἰώμεθα, Pl.Lg. 861e: also with the hortative subj. used to supply the 1 pers. of the imper., [tense] pres. μὴ ἴομεν ([etym.] ἴωμεν) Il.12.216, etc.;μὴ διώκωμεν Hdt.8.109
, etc.: [tense] aor.μὴ πάθωμεν X.Cyr.1.5.11
, etc.: rarely with [ per.] 1sg.,μή σε.. κιχείω Il.1.26
, cf. 21.475, 22.123, S.OC 174 (anap.).b with [tense] pres. or [tense] aor. subj. in a warning or statement of fear, μὴ.. γένησθε take care you do not become, Il.5.487; μὴ.. ὑφαίνῃσιν I fear.. may prove to be weaving, Od.5.356; : in [dialect] Att. Prose, to make a polite suggestion of apprehension or hesitation, perhaps, , cf. Tht. 188d, Arist.Pol. 1291a8, al.: in later Greek the ind. is found,μὴ ἡ ἔννοια ἡμῶν.. ἀντιλαμβάνεται Dam.Pr.27
.3 with [tense] fut. ind., a dub. usage ( νεμεσήσετ ' is subj. in Il.15.115),μηδεμίαν ἄδειαν δώσετε Lys.29.13
; μὴ βουλήσεσθε (Pap. βούλη[σθ]ε) D.23.117; cf.μαλακὸν ἐνδώσετε μηδέν Ar.Pl. 488
.4 with past tenses of ind. to express an unfulfilled wish,μὴ ὄφελες λίσσεσθαι Il.9.698
, cf. Od. 11.548; ;εἴθε μή ποτ' εἰδόμαν Id.OT 1217
(lyr.), cf. E.IA70, Cyc. 186, X.Cyr.4.6.3.5 with opt. to express a negative wish, with [tense] pres.,ἃ μὴ κραίνοι τύχη A.Th. 426
, cf. Eu. 938 (lyr.): more freq. with [tense] aor.,μὴ σέ γ' ἐν ἀμφιάλῳ Ἰθάκῃ βασιλῆα Κρονίων ποιήσειεν Od.1.386
, cf. 403, 11.613.6 in oaths and asseverations,ἴστω Ζεὺς.., μὴ μὲν τοῖς ἵπποισιν ἀνὴρ ἐποχήσεται ἄλλος Il.10.330
;ἴστω νῦν τόδε Γαῖα.., μὴ.. Ποσειδάων.. πημαίνει Τρῶας 15.41
;μὰ τὴν Ἀφροδίτην.., μὴ ἐγώ σ' ἀφήσω Ar.Ec. 1000
, cf. Av. 195, Lys. 917.7 c. inf., when used as imper.,μὴ δή μοι ἀπόπροθεν ἰσχέμεν ἵππους Il.17.501
;μὴ πρὶν ἐπ' ἠέλιον δῦναι 2.413
;οἷς μὴ πελάζειν A.Pr. 712
.8 freq. without a Verb, εἰ χρή, θανοῦμαι. Answ. μὴ σύ γε (sc. θάνῃς) S.OC 1441; ἄπελθε νῦν. Answ. μὴ (sc. γενέσθω) ἀλλά nay but, Ar.Ach. 458; in curt expressions, μὴ τριβὰς ἔτι (sc. ποιεῖσθε) S.Ant. 577; μή μοι σύ none of that to me! E.Med. 964; μή μοι πρόφασιν no excuses! Ar.Ach. 345;μή μοί γε μύθους Id.V. 1179
.B in DEPENDENT clauses:1 with Final Conjs.,ἵνα μή Il.19.348
, etc.;ὅπως μή D.27.5
,al.;ὡς μή Il.8.37
, A.Pr.53,al.;ὄφρα μή Il. 1.118
,al.: with ὅπως ἄν and ὡς ἄν, that so,ὅπως ἂν.. μηδέ Ar.V. 178
, Pl.Grg. 481a;ὡς ἂν μή Od.4.749
, Hdt.1.5; butb μή alone, = ἵνα μή, lest,ἀπόστιχε μή τινοήσῃ Ἥρη Il.1.522
, cf. 587;λίσσεσθαι.., μή οἱ.. χολώσαιτο φρένα κούρη Od.6.147
: [tense] fut. ind. and [tense] aor. subj. in consecutive clauses, Ar.Ec. 495 (lyr., dub.l.).2 in the protasis of conditional sentences, v. εἰ (for the exceptions v. οὐ), and with temporal conjunctions used conditionally, v. ἐπειδάν, ὅταν, ὅτε, etc.b ὅτι μή except,ὅτι μὴ Χῖοι μοῦνοι Hdt.1.18
, cf. Th.4.26;ὅτι μὴ πᾶσα ἀνάγκη Pl.Phd. 67a
; ὅσον μή ib. 83a; ὅσα μὴ ἀποβαίνοντες provided only that they did not disembark, Th.4.16.3 in later Gr., with causal Conjs.,ὁ μὴ πιστεύων ἤδη κέκριται, ὅτι μὴ πεπίστευκεν Ev.Jo.3.18
, cf. Luc.DMort.21.2, D Deor.2.1;ἐπεὶ μή Id.Hist.Conscr.3
, etc.: also after ὅτι and ὡς that, , cf. Luc.Hist.Conscr.29, DDeor.20.10.4 in relat. clauses, which imply a condition or generality, ὃς δὲ μὴ εἶδέ κω τὴν κανναβίδα whoever.., Hdt.4.74; ὃ μὴ κελεύσει (fort. κελεύσαι) Ζεύς such a thing as.., A.Eu. 618, cf. 661, 899; λέγονθ' ἃ μὴ δεῖ such things as one ought not, S.Ph. 583; ; : freq. with subj.,ᾧ μὴ ἄλλοι ἀοσσητῆρες ἔωσιν Od.4.165
, al.: with ἄν, S.OT 281: with opt.,ἃ μὴ σαφῶς εἰδείη X.Cyr.1.6.19
, etc.: less freq. with opt. and ἄν, Pl.Phlb. 20a, Lg. 839a; γένοιτο δ' ἂν ἐν ᾗ μή τι ἂν προσδοκήσειεν χώρᾳ ib. 872d.5 c. inf.,a regularlyfrom Homer on, exc. after Verbs of saying and thinking (but v. infr. c): after ὥστε orὡς, ὥστε μὴ φρονεῖν A.Pers. 725
(troch.), etc. (for exceptions v. οὐ): always when the inf. takes the Art.,τὸ μὴ προμαθεῖν Pi.O.8.60
;τὸ μὴ ἀμελεῖν μάθε A. Eu.86
, cf. 749, Pr. 624; .b by an apparent pleonasm after Verbs of negative result signifying to forbid, deny, and the like ,ὁ δ' ἀναίνετο μηδὲν ἑλέσθαι Il.18.500
(without μή ib. 450);ἀντιδικεῖν Lys.6.12
([etym.] μηδέν); ἀντιλέγειν Th.5.49
, Is.4.15 ([etym.] μηδέ); ἀπαγορεύειν Antipho 5.34
, And.4.9; , D.33.19, etc.; ; , al. (withoutμή S.Aj.70
);ἀπιστεῖν Th.4.40
;ἀπεγνωκέναι Lys.1.34
;ἀποστερεῖσθαι Antipho 2.4.1
([etym.] μηδέ); ἀποτρέπεσθαι Id.5.32
([etym.] μηδέν) ; ἀρνεῖσθαι, ἔξαρνος εἶναι, Ar.Eq. 572, Hdt.3.67;ἐναντιωθῆναι Pl.Ap. 32b
;σχεῖν Hdt.1.158
; παύειν (where the part. is more freq.) Ar.Ach. 634; ;ἐπάρατον ἦν μὴ οἰκεῖν Th.2.17
: in these cases the Art. freq. precedesμή, τὸ δὲ μὴ λεηλατῆσαι.. ἔσχε τόδε Hdt.5.101
; ἐξομῇ τὸ μὴ εἰδέναι; S.Ant. 535; εἴργειν τὸ μή .. Th.3.1, etc.; also (lyr.): with Art. in gen., ἔχειν τοῦ μή .. X.An.3.5.71; ἐμποδὼν γίγνεσθαι τοῦ μή .. Id.Cyr.2.4.23.c after Verbs of saying and thinking which involve an action of will, as in those signifying to swear, aver, believe, and the like ; so after ὄμνυμι, Il.9.133, Od.5.179, Hdt.1.165, 2.179, Ar.V. 1047, etc.;μαρτυρῶ Lys.7.11
, D.45.15, etc.; , Smp. 202b, cf. Phd. 93d, etc.;ἐγγυῶμαι Pi.O.11(10).18
, Pl.Prt. 336d; , etc.;πιστεύω And.1.2
, X.An.1.9.8, etc.: occasionally with other Verbs,φημί Id.Mem.1.2.39
, Pl.Tht. 155a; λέγω, προλέγω, Th. 5.49, 1.139; πάντες ἐροῦσι μή .. X. Cyr.7.1.18; νομίζω ib.7.5.59, Th.6.102; : very freq. in later Gr., Ev.Matt.2.12, Luc. Peregr.44, etc.6 with the part., when it can be resolved into a conditional clause, μὴ ἐνείκας, = εἰ μὴ ἤνεικε, Hdt.4.64; μὴ θέλων, = εἰ μὴ θέλεις, A.Pr. 504; μὴ δολώσαντος θεοῦ, = εἰ μὴ ἐδόλωσε, Id.Ag. 273; μὴ δρῶν, = εἰ μὴ δρῴην, S.OT77, etc.: in a general or characteristic sense, δίδασκέ με ὡς μὴ εἰδότα, = ut qui nihil sciam, Id.OC 1155, cf. Ant. 1063, 1064; τίς πρὸς ἀνδρὸς μὴ βλέποντος ἄρκεσις; one who sees not, Id.OC73: in this signf. freq. with the Art.,ὁ μὴ λεύσσων Id.Tr. 828
(lyr.);ὁ μὴ δουλεύσας Pl.Lg. 762e
;τῷ μὴ εἰργασμένῳ Antipho 5.65
;τὸν.. μὴ φροντίσαντα Lycurg.27
, cf. 45, etc.: with causal significance,μὴ παρὼν θαυμάζεται S.OT 289
, etc.;ἄθλια πάσχω μὴ.. μόνον βιαζόμενος Antipho 2.2.4
; ;μηδενὸς ἐμποδὼν ὄντος D.3.8
: very freq. in later Greek, POxy.38.16 (i A.D.), Luc.DMeretr.12.4, etc.: occasionally after Verbs of knowing and showing, S.Ph.79, OC 656, 797, 1122, E.Tr. 970, Th.1.76, 2.17.7 with Substs., Adjs., and Advbs. used generically, with or without Art.,τὰ μὴ δίκαια A.Eu. 432
;δίκαια καὶ μὴ δίκαια Id.Ch.78
(lyr.);τὸ μὴ 'νδικον S.OT 682
(lyr.);τὸ μὴ καλόν Id.Ant. 370
(lyr.); ἡ μὴ 'μπειρία, = τὸ μὴ ἔχειν ἐμπειρίαν, want of experience, Ar.Ec. 115;ἡ μὴ ἐπιτροπή Pl.Lg. 966c
; δῆμον καὶ μὴ δῆμον ib. 759b;ὁ μὴ ἰατρός Id.Grg. 459b
;νίκης μὴ κακῆς A.Eu. 903
, cf. Th. 411;τῷ φρονοῦντι μὴ καλῶς Id.Pr. 1012
, cf. Ag. 349, 927.8 after Verbs expressing fear or apprehension (cf. μὴ οὐ):a when the thing feared is [tense] fut., mostly with subj.: with [tense] pres. subj., δεινῶς ἀθυμῶ μὴ βλέπων ὁ μάντις ᾖ shall proveto be.., S.OT 747, cf.Ant. 1113;ὅρα μὴ κυβεύῃς Pl.Prt. 314a
: more freq. with [tense] aor.,δείδοικα.. μή σε παρείπῃ Il. 1.555
, cf. 9.244, 13.745: with [tense] pf., shall prove to have been, , cf. Ph. 494, Hdt.3.119,4.140, etc.: less freq. with [tense] fut. ind., X.Cyr.2.3.6, Ar.Ec. 488, Pl.Phlb. 13a: with opt. according to the sequence of moods and tenses: [tense] pres. opt., S. Tr. 482, X.An.1.10.9: [tense] aor., Od.11.634, etc.: [tense] pf., X.Cyr.1.3.10: with [tense] fut. opt. in oratio obliqua, Id.HG6.4.27, Mem.1.2.7, Pl.Euthphr. 15d: with opt. and ἄν, S.Tr. 631, X.vect.4.41.b when the action is [tense] pres. or past, the ind. is used, , cf. E. Ion 1523, Ar.Nu. 493, Pl.La. 196c;ὅρα μὴ παίζων ἔλεγεν Id.Tht. 145b
, cf. E.Hel. 119; , cf. E.Or. 209, Pl.Ly. 218d;δείδω μὴ δὴ πάντα θεὰ νημερτέα εἶπεν Od. 5.300
.c with ind. and subj. in consecutive clauses, E.Ph.93.C in QUESTIONS:I direct questions,1 with ind., where aneg. answer is anticipated (but more generally in A.Ag. 683 (lyr.), S.OC 1502, Tr. 316, Pl.Grg. 488b), in Hom. only ἦ μή .. ; Od.6.200, 9.405; μή σοι δοκοῦμεν .. ; A.Pers. 344, cf. Pr. 249, 959, etc.: in Trag. and [dialect] Att. freq. ἆρα μή; Id.Th. 208, S.El. 446, Pl.R. 405a: for questions in which μή ([etym.] μηδέ ) follows οὐ, v. οὐ μή.b in other questions, τί μὴ ποιήσω; what am I not to do? S.El. 1276 (lyr.); τί μή; why not? Id.Aj. 668 (s.v.l.); cf. μήν2 with subj., when the speaker deliberates about a neg. action, μὴ οὕτω φῶμεν; Pl.R. 335c, cf. 337b, 417b; ὁ τοιοῦτος μὴ δῷ δίκην; D.21.35; πῶς μὴ φῶμεν; Pl.Tht. 161e: with opt. and ἄν, πῶς ἄν τις μὴ θυμῷ λέγοι; how can a man help being excited when he speaks? Id.Lg. 887c, cf. Grg. 510d, X. Mem.3.1.10.II indirect questions, freq. with Verbs implying fear and apprehension (cf. B. 8),ὄφρα ἴδωμεν μὴ τοὶ κοιμήσωνται Il.10.98
, cf. 101, Od.21.395;περισκοπῶ μή πού τις.. ἐγχρίμπτει S.El. 898
, cf. Th.2.13, etc.; also σκοπεῖσθαι πῶς ἂν μή .. Isoc.5.8, cf. 15.6; later in simple indirect questions,ἐπυνθάνετο μὴ ἔγνω Ant.Lib.23.5
.2 in questions introduced byεἰ, ἤρετό με.. εἰ μὴ μέμνημαι Aeschin.2.36
( εἰ οὐκ in same sense, 1.84): in the second part of a disjunctive question, εἰ.. ἢ (or εἴτε) μή.., εἴτε.. εἴτε μή .., A.Eu. 468, 612, And.1.7, Pl.Ap. 18a, R. 457d, X.Cyr.2.1.7; εἴτε.. εἴτε μή.., εἰ.. ἢ οὔ, εἰ.. ἢ μή without difference of meaning between μή and οὐ, Is.8.9; so also,τοὺς νόμους καταμανθάνειν εἰ καλῶς κεῖνται ἢ μή,.. τοὺς λόγους, εἰ ὀρθῶς διδάσκουσι τὸ πρᾶγμα ἢ οὔ Antipho 5.14
.D POSITION of μή. When the neg. extends its power over the whole clause, μή prop. precedes the Verb. When its force is limited to single words, it precedes those words. But Poets sts. put μή after the Verb,ὄλοιο μή πω S.Ph. 961
; φράσῃς.. μὴ πέρα ib. 332, cf. OC 1522.E PROSODY: in Trag. μή may be joined by synizesis with a following ει or ου, μὴ οὐ, μὴ εἰδέναι, S.OT13, 221, Tr. 321, etc.: initial ε after μή is cut off by aphaeresis,μὴ 'πὁθουν Id.Aj. 962
;μὴ 'μβαίνῃς Id.OC 400
; : in Prose,μὴ 'κ IG12.115.11
: μή folld. by α is sts. written μἀ .. (v. μὴ ἀλλά, etc.); sts. separately,μὴ ἀδικεῖν A.Eu.85
, etc.F μή in COMPOSITION, or joined with other Particles, as μὴ ἀλλά, μὴ γάρ, μὴ οὐ, μὴ ὅπως or ὅτι, μή ποτε, etc., will be found in alphabetical order. -
26 пункт
point
- (инструкции, руководства) — item
proceed as in item 1 b.
- (перечня действий) — step
perform steps 1 through 6.
repeat steps 1 through 6 (of flight plan).
- авиационного подразделения, командный — air unit command center
-, аэродромный диспетчерский — aerodrome control tower
для управления воздушным движением в районе аэродрома (аэропорта), — а unit established to provide air traffic control service to aerodrome traffic.
-, ближний радиомаркерный — middle marker (mm)
-, ближний радиомаркерный (с приводом) (бпрм) — (locator) middle marker (lmm)
приводная радиостанция, устанавливаемая в створе впп вместе с маркерным маяком на расстоянии 1000м от впп (рис.93).
-, вылета — point of departure
-, дальний радиомаркерный — outer marker (ом)
- дальний радиомаркерный (с приводом) (дпрм)
приводная радиостанция вместе с маркерным маяком на расстоянии 4000 м от впп. — (locator) outer marker (lom)
-, диспетчерский (управления воздушным движением) — air traffic control (атс) center
-, командно-диспетчерский (кдп) — air traffic control tower
-, командно-диспетчерский (кдп аэродрома) — (aerodrome) control tower
- командный — control center
- маршрута (пм) — waypoint (wp, wpt)
- маршрута (ппм) большего номера — upper wpt. interchange upper wpt(15) with lower wpt(l).
- маршрута, исходный (ипм) — initial waypoint
- маршрута (ппм), к которомy приближается ла — nbound waypoint
- маршрута, конечный (кпм) — terminal waypoint
(кпм может быть дпрм или характерный ориентир)
- маршрута, контрольный (ориентир) — checkpoint
- маршрута контрольный (ппм) — waypoint (wpt)
- маршрута (ппм) меньшего номера — lower wpt
- маршрута, оперативный (опм) — supplementary waypoint
- маршрута (ппм), от которого летит ла — outbound waypoint
- маршрута, поворотный — waypoint (wpt)
- маршрута, последующий промежуточный — subsequent waypoint (subs wpt)
- маршрута, промежуточный, (ппм) (ппм i) (рис. 124) — waypoint (wpt, wp, wypt, way рт), (wpt i)
to maneuver the aircraft to the first (en route) waypoint.
- маршрута, промежуточный запрограммированный — stored waypoint
- маршрута, промежуточный, очередной (следующий) — next wpt, subsequent wpt (subs wpt)
- маршрута, промежуточный, пройденный — overflown wpt
- маршрута промежуточный, пройденный no адресам пройденных ппм — overflown wpt according to overflown wpt positions
- маршрута, промежуточный, текущий — current waypoint
- назначения — point of destination
- обратного маршрута, исходный (ипом) — return waypoint
- ожидания — holding point
обозначенный район, в пределах которого ла совершает полет в ожидании дальнейших указаний, — an identifiable point, in the vicinity of which an aircraft in flight is instructed to remain.
-, ориентирный — reference point
- отправления — point of departure
- посадки (первый) — landing point (1)
- управления воздушным движением — air traffic control (atc) center
номер ппм — wpt number (wpt 1)
подход к ппм — wpt approach, approach to wpt
вводить — nnm load /insert/ wpt position
достигать ппм — reach wptРусско-английский сборник авиационно-технических терминов > пункт
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27 Zeppelin, Count Ferdinand von
SUBJECT AREA: Aerospace[br]b. 8 July 1838 Konstanz, Germanyd. 8 March 1917 Berlin, Germany[br]German designer of rigid airships, which became known as Zeppelins.[br]Zeppelin served in the German Army and retired with the rank of General in 1890. While in the army, he was impressed by the use of balloons in the American Civil War and during the Siege of Paris. By the time he retired, non-rigid airships were just beginning to make their mark. Zeppelin decided to build an airship with a rigid framework to support the gas bags. Plans were drawn up in 1893 with the assistance of Theodore Kober, an engineer, but the idea was rejected by the authorities. A company was founded in 1898 and construction began. The Luftschiff Zeppelin No. 1 (LZ1) made its first flight on 2 July 1900. Modifications were needed and the second flight took place in October. A reporter called Hugo Eckener covered this and later flights: his comments and suggestions so impressed Zeppelin that Eckener eventually became his partner, publicist, fund-raiser and pilot.The performance of the subsequent Zeppelins gradually improved, but there was limited military interest. In November 1909 a company with the abbreviated name DELAG was founded to operate passenger-carrying Zeppelins. The service was opened by LZ 7 Deutschland in mid-June 1910, and the initial network of Frankfurt, Baden- Baden and Düsseldorf was expanded. Eckener became a very efficient Director of Flight Operations, and by the outbreak of war in 1914 some 35,000 passengers had been carried without any fatalities. During the First World War many Zeppelins were built and they carried out air-raids on Britain. Despite their menacing reputation, they were very vulnerable to attack by fighters. Zeppelin, now in his seventies, turned his attention to large bombers, following the success of Sikorsky's Grand, but he died in 1917. Eckener continued to instruct crews and improve the Zeppelin designs. When the war ended Eckener arranged to supply the Americans with an airship as part of German reparations: this became the Los Angeles. In 1928 a huge new airship, the Graf Zeppelin, was completed and Eckener took command. He took the Graf Zeppelin on many successful flights, including a voyage around the world in 1929.[br]Bibliography1908, Erfahrungen beim Bau von Luftschiffen, Berlin. 1908, Die Eroberung der Luft, Stuttgart.Further ReadingThere are many books on the history of airships, and on Graf von Zeppelin in particular. Of note are: H.Eckener, 1938, Count Zeppelin: The Man and His Work, London.——1958, My Zeppelins, London.P.W.Brooks, 1992, Zeppelin: Rigid Airships 1893–1940, London.T.Nielson, 1955, The Zeppelin Story: The Life of Hugo Eckener, English edn, London (written as a novel in direct speech).M.Goldsmith, 1931, Zeppelin: A Biography, New York.W.R.Nitshe, 1977, The Zeppelin Story, New York.F.Gütschow, 1985, Das Luftschiff, Stuttgart (a record of all the airships).JDSBiographical history of technology > Zeppelin, Count Ferdinand von
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28 аппаратура наведения
1. guidance mechanism2. guidance equipmentРусско-английский военно-политический словарь > аппаратура наведения
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29 вертикальное наведение
Русско-английский военно-политический словарь > вертикальное наведение
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30 вычислитель системы наведения
Русско-английский военно-политический словарь > вычислитель системы наведения
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31 горизонтальное наведение
1. traverse guidance2. traversingРусско-английский военно-политический словарь > горизонтальное наведение
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32 комплекс наведения
Русско-английский военно-политический словарь > комплекс наведения
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33 метод наведения
Русско-английский военно-политический словарь > метод наведения
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34 погрешность при наведении
Русско-английский военно-политический словарь > погрешность при наведении
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35 второй
азимут ухода на второй кругmissed approach azimuthбак второй очереди расхода топливаsecond fuel consumed tankвид при дожигании во втором контуреduct-burning configurationвторая очередь срабатывания огнетушителейalternate fire extinguisher dischargeвторая степень свободы воздухаsecond freedom of the airвторой контур1. compressor air flow duct2. secondary duct второй пилот1. second-in-command2. second pilot 3. copilot второй разворотturn on downwind legвторой тип событияsecond type of occurenceвыполнил второй разворотon the down-wind legвыполнять второй разворотturn on downwind legвыполнять уход на второй кругexecute go-aroundвычислитель параметров автоматического ухода на второй кругauto go around computerвычислитель параметров ухода на второй круг1. overshoot computer2. go-around computer двухконтурный турбореактивный двигатель с дожиганием топлива во втором контуреduct burning bypass engineдействия при уходе на второй кругgo-around operationsиспытание по уходу на второй кругgo-around testкожух второго контура1. bypass shroud(двигателя) 2. bypass duct casing кресло второго пилотаco-pilot's seatмаршрут ухода на второй кругmissed approach procedure trackна втором кругеon go-aroundначальный участок ухода на второй кругinitial stage of go-aroundначинать уход на второй кругinitiate go-aroundне использовать возможность ухода на второй кругfail to initiate go-aroundпоток во втором контуреbypass flowпринимать решение об уходе на второй кругmake decision to go-aroundспособ ухода на второй кругgo-around modeсхема ухода на второй круг1. overshoot procedure2. missed approach procedure установленная схема ухода на второй круг по приборамinstrument missed procedureуходить на второй круг1. miss approach2. go round again уходить на второй круг по заданной схемеtake a missed-approach procedureуход на второй круг1. missed approach2. go-around 3. go-around flight manoeuvre 4. balked landing уход на второй круг с этапа захода на посадкуmissed approach operationучасток маршрута между вторым и третьим разворотамиdown-wind legучасток маршрута между первым и вторым разворотамиcross-wind leg
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