industrius

* * *

industrious, diligent, assiduous, hard-working.

* * *

nāvus ( gnāvus), a, um, adj. [Sanscr. gnā, know; Gr. gignôskô; cf. Lat. notus, gnarus; for signif. cf. Germ. kennen and können], busy, diligent, assiduous, active (syn.: impiger, industrius, sedulus; class.): navus repertus homo, Enn. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 169 Müll. (Ann. v. 183 Vahl.):

homo gnavus et industrius,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 21, § 53; id. Imp. Pomp. 7, 18:

aratores,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 51, § 120:

filius,

id. ib. 2, 3, 69. §

161: vir gnavus, agilis, providus,

Vell. 2, 105, 2:

rudimenta,

Sil. 1, 549:

timor,

that renders industrious, id. 7, 349.— Comp.:

in inquirendis gnaviores quam in componendis,

Amm. 26, 4, 4:

hostium naviores,

Jul. Val. Res Gest. Alex. 1, 41.—Hence, adv., in two forms.

nāvē ( gnāvē), diligently, actively, zealously (ante-class.): nave agere oportet quod agas, non ductarier, Plaut. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 169 Müll.; Sall. J. 77, 3.—

nāvĭter ( gnāvĭter; class.).

Diligently, actively, [p. 1193] zealously: bene naviter ire, Sisenn. ap. Charis. p. 185 P.:

naviter versari in provinciā,

Gell. 15, 4, 3:

pugnare,

Liv. 10, 39:

expedire,

id. 24, 23:

bellum gerere,

id. 30, 4. —

Transf., in gen., wholly, completely:

bene et naviter impudens,

Cic. Fam. 5, 12, 3:

plenum,

Lucr. 1, 525.

* * *

assĭdŭus ( ads-, perh. only by confusion of 1. assiduus with 2. assiduus), i, m. [as-do; cf.

infra,

Gell. 16, 10, 15 ], a tributepayer; a name given by Servius Tullius to the citizens of the upper and more wealthy classes, in opp. to proletarii, citizens of the lowest classes, who benefit the state only by their progeny (proles).

A.. Lit.:

cum locupletes assiduos (Servius) appellāsset ab aere dando,

Cic. Rep. 2, 22, 40.—So in the Twelve Tables:

adsiduo vindex adsiduus esto. Proletario jam civi, cui quis volet vindex esto,

Gell. 16, 10, 5; cf.

Dirks. Transl. 154 sq.: locuples enim est assiduus, ut ait L. Aelius, appellatus ab aere dando,

Cic. Top. 2, 10; Varr. ap. Non. p. 67, 25: quibus erant pecuniae satis locupletes, assiduos;

contrarios proletarios,

id. ib.:

assiduum ab aere dando,

Quint. 5, 10, 55:

adsiduus in Duodecim Tabulis pro locuplete dictus, ab assibus, id est aere dando,

Gell. 16, 10, 15: adsiduus dicitur, qui in eā re, quam frequenter agit, quasi consedisse videatur. Alii assiduum locupletem, quasi multorum assium dictum putārunt. Alii eum, qui sumptu proprio militabat, ab asse dando vocatum existimārunt, Paul. ex Fest. p. 9 Müll.:

ditiores qui asses dabant, assidui dicti sunt,

Charis. p. 58 P.; cf. vindex ap. Cassiod. Orth. p. 2318 P.:

assiduus dicebatur apud antiquos, qui assibus ad aerarii expensam conferendis erat,

Isid. Orig. 10, 17; cf. Nieb. Röm. Gesch. 1, pp. 496-502.—

Meton., a rich person:

noctīsque diesque adsiduo satis superque est,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 14.—

Trop., adject. of a first-rate, classical writer:

classicus adsiduusque aliquis scriptor, non proletarius,

Gell. 19, 8, 15 (cf. on the other hand:

Proletario sermone nunc quidem utere,

common talk, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 157).

assĭdŭus ( ads-, Ritschl, Lachm., Fleck., B. and K., Rib., Weissenb., Jahn; ass-, Merk., Halm, K. and H.), a, um, adj. [from assideo, as continuus from contineo, etc.]:

Itaque qui adest, adsiduus (est),

Varr. L. L. 7, § 99; but more correctly: adsiduus dicitur, qui in eā re, quam frequenter agit, quasi consedisse videatur, to have sat down to it, Paul. ex Fest. p. 9 Müll.; hence,

Constantly present somewhere, attending to, busy or occupied with something (cf. deses, idle, from desideo):

cum hic filius adsiduus in praediis esset,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 7; id. Att. 4, 8, b, §

3: fuit adsiduus mecum praetore me,

id. Cael. 4, 10; Varr. R. R. 2, 10, 6; Vulg. Eccli. 9, 4; 37, 15:

semper boni adsiduique domini (i. e. qui frequenter adest in praediis) referta cella vinariā, oleariā, etc.,

Cic. Sen. 16, 56:

suos liberos agricolas adsiduos esse cupiunt,

id. Rosc. Am. 16, 47:

flagitator,

id. Brut. 5, 18:

his potius tradam adsiduis uno opere eandem incudem diem noctemque tundentibus,

id. de Or. 2, 39, 162:

Elevat adsiduos copia longa viros,

Prop. 3, 31, 44:

campus, Assiduis pulsatus equis,

Ov. M. 6, 219:

adsiduus in oculis hominum fuerat,

Liv. 35, 10:

hostis, adsiduus magis quam gravis,

id. 2, 48:

canes adsiduiores,

Varr. R. R. 2, 9:

circa scholas adsiduus,

Suet. Tib. 11:

(patrimonia) majora fiunt Incude adsiduā semperque ardente camino,

by the busy anvil, Juv. 14, 118:

Retibus adsiduis penitus scrutante macello Proxima,

id. 5, 95:

Quem cavat adsiduis sudibus,

id. 6, 248:

in mandatis illius maxime adsiduus esto,

Vulg. Eccli. 6, 37; 12, 3.—So of the constant attendance of candidates for office, Q. Cic. Petit. Cons. 9, 37 (cf. these passages in their connection).—Hence sarcastically of parasites:

urbani adsidui cives, quos scurras vocant,

Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 165.—

With the prominent idea of continuance in time, continual, unremitting, incessant, perpetual, constant (very freq. both in prose and poetry):

foro operam adsiduam dare,

Plaut. As. 2, 4, 22: ludis adsiduas operas dare, [p. 180] Lucr. 4, 974:

pars terraï perusta solibus adsiduis,

id. 5, 252:

imbres,

id. 5, 341; Cic. Att. 13, 16:

motus,

Lucr. 1, 995, and 4, 392;

2, 97: repulsus,

id. 4, 106:

casus,

id. 5, 205:

frequentia,

Cic. Planc. 8 fin.; Q. Cic. Petit. Cons. 9, 37: febricula, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21 fin.:

adsidua ac diligens scriptura,

Cic. Or. 1, 33, 150:

recordatio,

id. Fin. 1, 12, 41:

deorum adsidua insidens cura,

Liv. 1, 21:

deprecatio justi adsidua,

Vulg. Jac. 5, 16:

(portae) adsiduus custos,

Liv. 34, 9:

longa temporum quies et continuum populi otium et assidua senatūs tranquillitas, etc.,

Tac. Or. 38:

sterilitates,

Suet. Claud. 18:

quantum (nominis) Octavius abstulit udo Caedibus adsiduis gladio,

Juv. 8, 243:

barbarorum incursus,

Suet. Vesp. 8:

vasa aurea adsiduissimi usūs,

id. Aug. 71:

ignis,

Tib. 1, 1, 6:

aqua,

Prop. 2, 1, 68; 2, 19, 31; 3, 11, 56 al.:

libidines,

id. 2, 16, 14:

Hic ver adsiduum atque alienis mensibus aestas,

Verg. G. 2, 149:

nubes,

Ov. M. 1, 66:

gemitus,

id. ib. 2, 486 et saep.: Non feret assiduas potiori te dare noctes, * Hor. Epod. 15, 13.—Sometimes said with a degree of impatience, constant, everlasting, eternal:

lapsus Tectorum adsiduos,

Juv. 3, 8:

obvius adsiduo Syrophoenix udus amomo,

with his everlasting perfume, id. 8, 159 Jahn:

adsiduo ruptae lectore columnae,

id. 1, 13.—Hence adv., continually, constantly, without intermission.

Form as-sĭdŭō ( ads-):

operam dare alicui,

Plaut. Cist. 1, 3, 37:

edere,

id. Mil. 1, 1, 50:

perpotare,

id. Most. 4, 2, 60:

esse cum aliquo,

id. Truc. 2, 4, 68:

quaerere aliquid,

Plin. 26, 3, 8, § 16:

adesse,

Dig. 40, 4, 44.—Far more freq.,

Form assĭdŭē ( ads-):

ubi sum adsidue, scio,

Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 20:

in ore indisciplinatorum adsidue erit,

Vulg. Eccli. 20, 26:

Adsidue veniebat,

Verg. E. 2, 4:

homines nobiles adsidue unā scribere,

Ter. Ad. prol. 16:

adsidue cantare,

Cic. Div. 1, 34, 74:

alia, quae suis locis dicentur adsidue,

Plin. 24, 1, 1, § 3:

Cum assidue minores parentibus liberi essent,

Quint. 6, 3, 67:

agere aliquid,

Ter. Heaut. prol. 29:

ut oculis adsidue videmus,

Cic. N. D. 2, 41, 104:

audire aliquid,

id. Mil. 34, 93: frequenter et adsidue consequi aliquid, Auct. ad Her. 4, 56, 69:

laudare aliquid,

Vulg. Eccli. 51, 15:

interrogari,

ib. ib. 23, 11:

litteris uti,

Cic. Fam. 5, 15:

convivari,

Suet. Aug. 74:

frequentare aedem,

id. ib. 91:

gestare aliquem ornatum,

id. Calig. 52:

DEFLERE ALIQVEM,

Inscr. Grut. 950, 8:

adsidue recens,

Plin. 11, 53, 115, § 277.— Comp not found.—

* Sup. assĭdŭissimē ( ads-):

Adsiduissime mecum fuit Dionysius,

Cic. Brut. 91, 316: salientes (aquae) adsiduissime interdiu et noctu, Sen. Cons. ap. Front. Aquaed. 2, p. 252; for the comparison of the adj. and adv. (as in arduus, exiguus, egregius, industrius, perpetuus, etc.), v. Rudd. I. p. 180, n. 58.

assĭdŭus ( ads-, perh. only by confusion of 1. assiduus with 2. assiduus), i, m. [as-do; cf.

infra,

Gell. 16, 10, 15 ], a tributepayer; a name given by Servius Tullius to the citizens of the upper and more wealthy classes, in opp. to proletarii, citizens of the lowest classes, who benefit the state only by their progeny (proles).

A.. Lit.:

cum locupletes assiduos (Servius) appellāsset ab aere dando,

Cic. Rep. 2, 22, 40.—So in the Twelve Tables:

adsiduo vindex adsiduus esto. Proletario jam civi, cui quis volet vindex esto,

Gell. 16, 10, 5; cf.

Dirks. Transl. 154 sq.: locuples enim est assiduus, ut ait L. Aelius, appellatus ab aere dando,

Cic. Top. 2, 10; Varr. ap. Non. p. 67, 25: quibus erant pecuniae satis locupletes, assiduos;

contrarios proletarios,

id. ib.:

assiduum ab aere dando,

Quint. 5, 10, 55:

adsiduus in Duodecim Tabulis pro locuplete dictus, ab assibus, id est aere dando,

Gell. 16, 10, 15: adsiduus dicitur, qui in eā re, quam frequenter agit, quasi consedisse videatur. Alii assiduum locupletem, quasi multorum assium dictum putārunt. Alii eum, qui sumptu proprio militabat, ab asse dando vocatum existimārunt, Paul. ex Fest. p. 9 Müll.:

ditiores qui asses dabant, assidui dicti sunt,

Charis. p. 58 P.; cf. vindex ap. Cassiod. Orth. p. 2318 P.:

assiduus dicebatur apud antiquos, qui assibus ad aerarii expensam conferendis erat,

Isid. Orig. 10, 17; cf. Nieb. Röm. Gesch. 1, pp. 496-502.—

Meton., a rich person:

noctīsque diesque adsiduo satis superque est,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 14.—

Trop., adject. of a first-rate, classical writer:

classicus adsiduusque aliquis scriptor, non proletarius,

Gell. 19, 8, 15 (cf. on the other hand:

Proletario sermone nunc quidem utere,

common talk, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 157).

assĭdŭus ( ads-, Ritschl, Lachm., Fleck., B. and K., Rib., Weissenb., Jahn; ass-, Merk., Halm, K. and H.), a, um, adj. [from assideo, as continuus from contineo, etc.]:

Itaque qui adest, adsiduus (est),

Varr. L. L. 7, § 99; but more correctly: adsiduus dicitur, qui in eā re, quam frequenter agit, quasi consedisse videatur, to have sat down to it, Paul. ex Fest. p. 9 Müll.; hence,

Constantly present somewhere, attending to, busy or occupied with something (cf. deses, idle, from desideo):

cum hic filius adsiduus in praediis esset,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 7; id. Att. 4, 8, b, §

3: fuit adsiduus mecum praetore me,

id. Cael. 4, 10; Varr. R. R. 2, 10, 6; Vulg. Eccli. 9, 4; 37, 15:

semper boni adsiduique domini (i. e. qui frequenter adest in praediis) referta cella vinariā, oleariā, etc.,

Cic. Sen. 16, 56:

suos liberos agricolas adsiduos esse cupiunt,

id. Rosc. Am. 16, 47:

flagitator,

id. Brut. 5, 18:

his potius tradam adsiduis uno opere eandem incudem diem noctemque tundentibus,

id. de Or. 2, 39, 162:

Elevat adsiduos copia longa viros,

Prop. 3, 31, 44:

campus, Assiduis pulsatus equis,

Ov. M. 6, 219:

adsiduus in oculis hominum fuerat,

Liv. 35, 10:

hostis, adsiduus magis quam gravis,

id. 2, 48:

canes adsiduiores,

Varr. R. R. 2, 9:

circa scholas adsiduus,

Suet. Tib. 11:

(patrimonia) majora fiunt Incude adsiduā semperque ardente camino,

by the busy anvil, Juv. 14, 118:

Retibus adsiduis penitus scrutante macello Proxima,

id. 5, 95:

Quem cavat adsiduis sudibus,

id. 6, 248:

in mandatis illius maxime adsiduus esto,

Vulg. Eccli. 6, 37; 12, 3.—So of the constant attendance of candidates for office, Q. Cic. Petit. Cons. 9, 37 (cf. these passages in their connection).—Hence sarcastically of parasites:

urbani adsidui cives, quos scurras vocant,

Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 165.—

With the prominent idea of continuance in time, continual, unremitting, incessant, perpetual, constant (very freq. both in prose and poetry):

foro operam adsiduam dare,

Plaut. As. 2, 4, 22: ludis adsiduas operas dare, [p. 180] Lucr. 4, 974:

pars terraï perusta solibus adsiduis,

id. 5, 252:

imbres,

id. 5, 341; Cic. Att. 13, 16:

motus,

Lucr. 1, 995, and 4, 392;

2, 97: repulsus,

id. 4, 106:

casus,

id. 5, 205:

frequentia,

Cic. Planc. 8 fin.; Q. Cic. Petit. Cons. 9, 37: febricula, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21 fin.:

adsidua ac diligens scriptura,

Cic. Or. 1, 33, 150:

recordatio,

id. Fin. 1, 12, 41:

deorum adsidua insidens cura,

Liv. 1, 21:

deprecatio justi adsidua,

Vulg. Jac. 5, 16:

(portae) adsiduus custos,

Liv. 34, 9:

longa temporum quies et continuum populi otium et assidua senatūs tranquillitas, etc.,

Tac. Or. 38:

sterilitates,

Suet. Claud. 18:

quantum (nominis) Octavius abstulit udo Caedibus adsiduis gladio,

Juv. 8, 243:

barbarorum incursus,

Suet. Vesp. 8:

vasa aurea adsiduissimi usūs,

id. Aug. 71:

ignis,

Tib. 1, 1, 6:

aqua,

Prop. 2, 1, 68; 2, 19, 31; 3, 11, 56 al.:

libidines,

id. 2, 16, 14:

Hic ver adsiduum atque alienis mensibus aestas,

Verg. G. 2, 149:

nubes,

Ov. M. 1, 66:

gemitus,

id. ib. 2, 486 et saep.: Non feret assiduas potiori te dare noctes, * Hor. Epod. 15, 13.—Sometimes said with a degree of impatience, constant, everlasting, eternal:

lapsus Tectorum adsiduos,

Juv. 3, 8:

obvius adsiduo Syrophoenix udus amomo,

with his everlasting perfume, id. 8, 159 Jahn:

adsiduo ruptae lectore columnae,

id. 1, 13.—Hence adv., continually, constantly, without intermission.

Form as-sĭdŭō ( ads-):

operam dare alicui,

Plaut. Cist. 1, 3, 37:

edere,

id. Mil. 1, 1, 50:

perpotare,

id. Most. 4, 2, 60:

esse cum aliquo,

id. Truc. 2, 4, 68:

quaerere aliquid,

Plin. 26, 3, 8, § 16:

adesse,

Dig. 40, 4, 44.—Far more freq.,

Form assĭdŭē ( ads-):

ubi sum adsidue, scio,

Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 20:

in ore indisciplinatorum adsidue erit,

Vulg. Eccli. 20, 26:

Adsidue veniebat,

Verg. E. 2, 4:

homines nobiles adsidue unā scribere,

Ter. Ad. prol. 16:

adsidue cantare,

Cic. Div. 1, 34, 74:

alia, quae suis locis dicentur adsidue,

Plin. 24, 1, 1, § 3:

Cum assidue minores parentibus liberi essent,

Quint. 6, 3, 67:

agere aliquid,

Ter. Heaut. prol. 29:

ut oculis adsidue videmus,

Cic. N. D. 2, 41, 104:

audire aliquid,

id. Mil. 34, 93: frequenter et adsidue consequi aliquid, Auct. ad Her. 4, 56, 69:

laudare aliquid,

Vulg. Eccli. 51, 15:

interrogari,

ib. ib. 23, 11:

litteris uti,

Cic. Fam. 5, 15:

convivari,

Suet. Aug. 74:

frequentare aedem,

id. ib. 91:

gestare aliquem ornatum,

id. Calig. 52:

DEFLERE ALIQVEM,

Inscr. Grut. 950, 8:

adsidue recens,

Plin. 11, 53, 115, § 277.— Comp not found.—

* Sup. assĭdŭissimē ( ads-):

Adsiduissime mecum fuit Dionysius,

Cic. Brut. 91, 316: salientes (aquae) adsiduissime interdiu et noctu, Sen. Cons. ap. Front. Aquaed. 2, p. 252; for the comparison of the adj. and adv. (as in arduus, exiguus, egregius, industrius, perpetuus, etc.), v. Rudd. I. p. 180, n. 58.

arduus, a, um, adj. [akin to ARDÔ, arsô = to water, to cherish; aldainô = to make grow; aldêeis = growing; alo, altus, q. v.; 1. ad-oleo, ad-olesco; related to arbor, arbutus as eruthros, Germ. roth, Engl. red, is related to ruber; Ardea was perh. so called from its lofty situation; cf. Arduenna], high, elevated, lofty, steep (syn.: altus, celsus, sublimis).

Lit.: Pergama ardua, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2:

aether,

Ov. M. 1, 151:

sidera,

id. ib. 1, 730:

cedrus,

id. Am. 1, 14, 12:

cervix equi,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 89:

et campo sese arduus infert (Turnus),

Verg. A. 9, 53.—Also in prose in Gell.:

supercilia,

i. e. proudly elevated, Gell. 4, 1, 1:

confragosus atque arduus clivis,

steep, Varr. R. R. 1, 18, 4:

ascensus,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 23:

arduus ac difficilis ascensus,

Liv. 25, 13:

ardua et aspera et confragosa via,

id. 44. 3: via alta atque ardua, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 16, 37:

mons,

Ov. M. 1, 316:

Tmolus,

id. ib. 11, 150 al.—Hence, subst.: arduum, i, n., a steep place, a steep:

Ardua dum metuunt, amittunt vera viaï,

Lucr. 1, 659:

in ardua montis Ite,

Ov. M. 8, 692:

ardua terrarum,

Verg. A. 5, 695:

per arduum scandere,

Hor. C. 2, 19, 21:

in arduo,

Tac. A. 2, 47:

in arduis ponet nidum suum,

Vulg. Job, 39, 27:

ardua Alpium,

Tac. H. 4, 70:

castellorum,

id. A. 11, 9:

ingressi sunt ardua,

Vulg. Jer. 4, 29. —

Trop.

That is difficult to reach or attain, difficult, laborious, hard, arduous:

magnum opus omnino et arduum conamur,

Cic. Or. 10, 33:

rerum arduarum ac difficilium perpessio,

id. Inv. 2, 54; so id. Leg. 1, 13:

id arduum factu erat,

Liv. 8, 16; Tac. A. 4, 4:

victoria,

Ov. M. 14, 453:

virtus,

Hor. C. 3, 24, 44:

nil mortalibus arduum est,

id. ib. 1, 3, 37.— Subst.:

nec fuit in arduo societas,

Tac. A. 12, 15.—

Troublesome, unpleasant:

in primis arduum videtur res gestas scribere,

Sall. C. 3, 2, upon which Gellius remarks: Arduum Sallustius non pro difficili tantum, sed pro eo quoque ponit, quod Graeci chalepon appellant:

quod est cum difficile tum molestum quoque et incommodum et intractabile,

Gell. 4, 15:

quam arduum onus,

Tac. A. 1, 11.—

Of fortune, difficult, adverse, inauspicious:

aequam memento rebus in arduis Servare mentem,

in adversity, Hor. C. 2, 3, 1.

► Comp. arduior: iter longius arduiusque erat, Cato ap. Prisc. p. 600 P.— Sup. arduissimus: asperrimo atque arduissimo aditu, Cato ap. Prisc. p. 600 P.; cf.: assiduus, egregius, industrius, perpetuus, and Rudd. I. p. 180, n. 58.— Adv. not used.

arduus, a, um, adj. [akin to ARDÔ, arsô = to water, to cherish; aldainô = to make grow; aldêeis = growing; alo, altus, q. v.; 1. ad-oleo, ad-olesco; related to arbor, arbutus as eruthros, Germ. roth, Engl. red, is related to ruber; Ardea was perh. so called from its lofty situation; cf. Arduenna], high, elevated, lofty, steep (syn.: altus, celsus, sublimis).

Lit.: Pergama ardua, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2:

aether,

Ov. M. 1, 151:

sidera,

id. ib. 1, 730:

cedrus,

id. Am. 1, 14, 12:

cervix equi,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 89:

et campo sese arduus infert (Turnus),

Verg. A. 9, 53.—Also in prose in Gell.:

supercilia,

i. e. proudly elevated, Gell. 4, 1, 1:

confragosus atque arduus clivis,

steep, Varr. R. R. 1, 18, 4:

ascensus,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 23:

arduus ac difficilis ascensus,

Liv. 25, 13:

ardua et aspera et confragosa via,

id. 44. 3: via alta atque ardua, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 16, 37:

mons,

Ov. M. 1, 316:

Tmolus,

id. ib. 11, 150 al.—Hence, subst.: arduum, i, n., a steep place, a steep:

Ardua dum metuunt, amittunt vera viaï,

Lucr. 1, 659:

in ardua montis Ite,

Ov. M. 8, 692:

ardua terrarum,

Verg. A. 5, 695:

per arduum scandere,

Hor. C. 2, 19, 21:

in arduo,

Tac. A. 2, 47:

in arduis ponet nidum suum,

Vulg. Job, 39, 27:

ardua Alpium,

Tac. H. 4, 70:

castellorum,

id. A. 11, 9:

ingressi sunt ardua,

Vulg. Jer. 4, 29. —

Trop.

That is difficult to reach or attain, difficult, laborious, hard, arduous:

magnum opus omnino et arduum conamur,

Cic. Or. 10, 33:

rerum arduarum ac difficilium perpessio,

id. Inv. 2, 54; so id. Leg. 1, 13:

id arduum factu erat,

Liv. 8, 16; Tac. A. 4, 4:

victoria,

Ov. M. 14, 453:

virtus,

Hor. C. 3, 24, 44:

nil mortalibus arduum est,

id. ib. 1, 3, 37.— Subst.:

nec fuit in arduo societas,

Tac. A. 12, 15.—

Troublesome, unpleasant:

in primis arduum videtur res gestas scribere,

Sall. C. 3, 2, upon which Gellius remarks: Arduum Sallustius non pro difficili tantum, sed pro eo quoque ponit, quod Graeci chalepon appellant:

quod est cum difficile tum molestum quoque et incommodum et intractabile,

Gell. 4, 15:

quam arduum onus,

Tac. A. 1, 11.—

Of fortune, difficult, adverse, inauspicious:

aequam memento rebus in arduis Servare mentem,

in adversity, Hor. C. 2, 3, 1.

► Comp. arduior: iter longius arduiusque erat, Cato ap. Prisc. p. 600 P.— Sup. arduissimus: asperrimo atque arduissimo aditu, Cato ap. Prisc. p. 600 P.; cf.: assiduus, egregius, industrius, perpetuus, and Rudd. I. p. 180, n. 58.— Adv. not used.

assĭdŭus ( ads-, perh. only by confusion of 1. assiduus with 2. assiduus), i, m. [as-do; cf.

infra,

Gell. 16, 10, 15 ], a tributepayer; a name given by Servius Tullius to the citizens of the upper and more wealthy classes, in opp. to proletarii, citizens of the lowest classes, who benefit the state only by their progeny (proles).

A.. Lit.:

cum locupletes assiduos (Servius) appellāsset ab aere dando,

Cic. Rep. 2, 22, 40.—So in the Twelve Tables:

adsiduo vindex adsiduus esto. Proletario jam civi, cui quis volet vindex esto,

Gell. 16, 10, 5; cf.

Dirks. Transl. 154 sq.: locuples enim est assiduus, ut ait L. Aelius, appellatus ab aere dando,

Cic. Top. 2, 10; Varr. ap. Non. p. 67, 25: quibus erant pecuniae satis locupletes, assiduos;

contrarios proletarios,

id. ib.:

assiduum ab aere dando,

Quint. 5, 10, 55:

adsiduus in Duodecim Tabulis pro locuplete dictus, ab assibus, id est aere dando,

Gell. 16, 10, 15: adsiduus dicitur, qui in eā re, quam frequenter agit, quasi consedisse videatur. Alii assiduum locupletem, quasi multorum assium dictum putārunt. Alii eum, qui sumptu proprio militabat, ab asse dando vocatum existimārunt, Paul. ex Fest. p. 9 Müll.:

ditiores qui asses dabant, assidui dicti sunt,

Charis. p. 58 P.; cf. vindex ap. Cassiod. Orth. p. 2318 P.:

assiduus dicebatur apud antiquos, qui assibus ad aerarii expensam conferendis erat,

Isid. Orig. 10, 17; cf. Nieb. Röm. Gesch. 1, pp. 496-502.—

Meton., a rich person:

noctīsque diesque adsiduo satis superque est,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 14.—

Trop., adject. of a first-rate, classical writer:

classicus adsiduusque aliquis scriptor, non proletarius,

Gell. 19, 8, 15 (cf. on the other hand:

Proletario sermone nunc quidem utere,

common talk, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 157).

assĭdŭus ( ads-, Ritschl, Lachm., Fleck., B. and K., Rib., Weissenb., Jahn; ass-, Merk., Halm, K. and H.), a, um, adj. [from assideo, as continuus from contineo, etc.]:

Itaque qui adest, adsiduus (est),

Varr. L. L. 7, § 99; but more correctly: adsiduus dicitur, qui in eā re, quam frequenter agit, quasi consedisse videatur, to have sat down to it, Paul. ex Fest. p. 9 Müll.; hence,

Constantly present somewhere, attending to, busy or occupied with something (cf. deses, idle, from desideo):

cum hic filius adsiduus in praediis esset,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 7; id. Att. 4, 8, b, §

3: fuit adsiduus mecum praetore me,

id. Cael. 4, 10; Varr. R. R. 2, 10, 6; Vulg. Eccli. 9, 4; 37, 15:

semper boni adsiduique domini (i. e. qui frequenter adest in praediis) referta cella vinariā, oleariā, etc.,

Cic. Sen. 16, 56:

suos liberos agricolas adsiduos esse cupiunt,

id. Rosc. Am. 16, 47:

flagitator,

id. Brut. 5, 18:

his potius tradam adsiduis uno opere eandem incudem diem noctemque tundentibus,

id. de Or. 2, 39, 162:

Elevat adsiduos copia longa viros,

Prop. 3, 31, 44:

campus, Assiduis pulsatus equis,

Ov. M. 6, 219:

adsiduus in oculis hominum fuerat,

Liv. 35, 10:

hostis, adsiduus magis quam gravis,

id. 2, 48:

canes adsiduiores,

Varr. R. R. 2, 9:

circa scholas adsiduus,

Suet. Tib. 11:

(patrimonia) majora fiunt Incude adsiduā semperque ardente camino,

by the busy anvil, Juv. 14, 118:

Retibus adsiduis penitus scrutante macello Proxima,

id. 5, 95:

Quem cavat adsiduis sudibus,

id. 6, 248:

in mandatis illius maxime adsiduus esto,

Vulg. Eccli. 6, 37; 12, 3.—So of the constant attendance of candidates for office, Q. Cic. Petit. Cons. 9, 37 (cf. these passages in their connection).—Hence sarcastically of parasites:

urbani adsidui cives, quos scurras vocant,

Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 165.—

With the prominent idea of continuance in time, continual, unremitting, incessant, perpetual, constant (very freq. both in prose and poetry):

foro operam adsiduam dare,

Plaut. As. 2, 4, 22: ludis adsiduas operas dare, [p. 180] Lucr. 4, 974:

pars terraï perusta solibus adsiduis,

id. 5, 252:

imbres,

id. 5, 341; Cic. Att. 13, 16:

motus,

Lucr. 1, 995, and 4, 392;

2, 97: repulsus,

id. 4, 106:

casus,

id. 5, 205:

frequentia,

Cic. Planc. 8 fin.; Q. Cic. Petit. Cons. 9, 37: febricula, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21 fin.:

adsidua ac diligens scriptura,

Cic. Or. 1, 33, 150:

recordatio,

id. Fin. 1, 12, 41:

deorum adsidua insidens cura,

Liv. 1, 21:

deprecatio justi adsidua,

Vulg. Jac. 5, 16:

(portae) adsiduus custos,

Liv. 34, 9:

longa temporum quies et continuum populi otium et assidua senatūs tranquillitas, etc.,

Tac. Or. 38:

sterilitates,

Suet. Claud. 18:

quantum (nominis) Octavius abstulit udo Caedibus adsiduis gladio,

Juv. 8, 243:

barbarorum incursus,

Suet. Vesp. 8:

vasa aurea adsiduissimi usūs,

id. Aug. 71:

ignis,

Tib. 1, 1, 6:

aqua,

Prop. 2, 1, 68; 2, 19, 31; 3, 11, 56 al.:

libidines,

id. 2, 16, 14:

Hic ver adsiduum atque alienis mensibus aestas,

Verg. G. 2, 149:

nubes,

Ov. M. 1, 66:

gemitus,

id. ib. 2, 486 et saep.: Non feret assiduas potiori te dare noctes, * Hor. Epod. 15, 13.—Sometimes said with a degree of impatience, constant, everlasting, eternal:

lapsus Tectorum adsiduos,

Juv. 3, 8:

obvius adsiduo Syrophoenix udus amomo,

with his everlasting perfume, id. 8, 159 Jahn:

adsiduo ruptae lectore columnae,

id. 1, 13.—Hence adv., continually, constantly, without intermission.

Form as-sĭdŭō ( ads-):

operam dare alicui,

Plaut. Cist. 1, 3, 37:

edere,

id. Mil. 1, 1, 50:

perpotare,

id. Most. 4, 2, 60:

esse cum aliquo,

id. Truc. 2, 4, 68:

quaerere aliquid,

Plin. 26, 3, 8, § 16:

adesse,

Dig. 40, 4, 44.—Far more freq.,

Form assĭdŭē ( ads-):

ubi sum adsidue, scio,

Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 20:

in ore indisciplinatorum adsidue erit,

Vulg. Eccli. 20, 26:

Adsidue veniebat,

Verg. E. 2, 4:

homines nobiles adsidue unā scribere,

Ter. Ad. prol. 16:

adsidue cantare,

Cic. Div. 1, 34, 74:

alia, quae suis locis dicentur adsidue,

Plin. 24, 1, 1, § 3:

Cum assidue minores parentibus liberi essent,

Quint. 6, 3, 67:

agere aliquid,

Ter. Heaut. prol. 29:

ut oculis adsidue videmus,

Cic. N. D. 2, 41, 104:

audire aliquid,

id. Mil. 34, 93: frequenter et adsidue consequi aliquid, Auct. ad Her. 4, 56, 69:

laudare aliquid,

Vulg. Eccli. 51, 15:

interrogari,

ib. ib. 23, 11:

litteris uti,

Cic. Fam. 5, 15:

convivari,

Suet. Aug. 74:

frequentare aedem,

id. ib. 91:

gestare aliquem ornatum,

id. Calig. 52:

DEFLERE ALIQVEM,

Inscr. Grut. 950, 8:

adsidue recens,

Plin. 11, 53, 115, § 277.— Comp not found.—

* Sup. assĭdŭissimē ( ads-):

Adsiduissime mecum fuit Dionysius,

Cic. Brut. 91, 316: salientes (aquae) adsiduissime interdiu et noctu, Sen. Cons. ap. Front. Aquaed. 2, p. 252; for the comparison of the adj. and adv. (as in arduus, exiguus, egregius, industrius, perpetuus, etc.), v. Rudd. I. p. 180, n. 58.

assĭdŭus ( ads-, perh. only by confusion of 1. assiduus with 2. assiduus), i, m. [as-do; cf.

infra,

Gell. 16, 10, 15 ], a tributepayer; a name given by Servius Tullius to the citizens of the upper and more wealthy classes, in opp. to proletarii, citizens of the lowest classes, who benefit the state only by their progeny (proles).

A.. Lit.:

cum locupletes assiduos (Servius) appellāsset ab aere dando,

Cic. Rep. 2, 22, 40.—So in the Twelve Tables:

adsiduo vindex adsiduus esto. Proletario jam civi, cui quis volet vindex esto,

Gell. 16, 10, 5; cf.

Dirks. Transl. 154 sq.: locuples enim est assiduus, ut ait L. Aelius, appellatus ab aere dando,

Cic. Top. 2, 10; Varr. ap. Non. p. 67, 25: quibus erant pecuniae satis locupletes, assiduos;

contrarios proletarios,

id. ib.:

assiduum ab aere dando,

Quint. 5, 10, 55:

adsiduus in Duodecim Tabulis pro locuplete dictus, ab assibus, id est aere dando,

Gell. 16, 10, 15: adsiduus dicitur, qui in eā re, quam frequenter agit, quasi consedisse videatur. Alii assiduum locupletem, quasi multorum assium dictum putārunt. Alii eum, qui sumptu proprio militabat, ab asse dando vocatum existimārunt, Paul. ex Fest. p. 9 Müll.:

ditiores qui asses dabant, assidui dicti sunt,

Charis. p. 58 P.; cf. vindex ap. Cassiod. Orth. p. 2318 P.:

assiduus dicebatur apud antiquos, qui assibus ad aerarii expensam conferendis erat,

Isid. Orig. 10, 17; cf. Nieb. Röm. Gesch. 1, pp. 496-502.—

Meton., a rich person:

noctīsque diesque adsiduo satis superque est,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 14.—

Trop., adject. of a first-rate, classical writer:

classicus adsiduusque aliquis scriptor, non proletarius,

Gell. 19, 8, 15 (cf. on the other hand:

Proletario sermone nunc quidem utere,

common talk, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 157).

assĭdŭus ( ads-, Ritschl, Lachm., Fleck., B. and K., Rib., Weissenb., Jahn; ass-, Merk., Halm, K. and H.), a, um, adj. [from assideo, as continuus from contineo, etc.]:

Itaque qui adest, adsiduus (est),

Varr. L. L. 7, § 99; but more correctly: adsiduus dicitur, qui in eā re, quam frequenter agit, quasi consedisse videatur, to have sat down to it, Paul. ex Fest. p. 9 Müll.; hence,

Constantly present somewhere, attending to, busy or occupied with something (cf. deses, idle, from desideo):

cum hic filius adsiduus in praediis esset,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 7; id. Att. 4, 8, b, §

3: fuit adsiduus mecum praetore me,

id. Cael. 4, 10; Varr. R. R. 2, 10, 6; Vulg. Eccli. 9, 4; 37, 15:

semper boni adsiduique domini (i. e. qui frequenter adest in praediis) referta cella vinariā, oleariā, etc.,

Cic. Sen. 16, 56:

suos liberos agricolas adsiduos esse cupiunt,

id. Rosc. Am. 16, 47:

flagitator,

id. Brut. 5, 18:

his potius tradam adsiduis uno opere eandem incudem diem noctemque tundentibus,

id. de Or. 2, 39, 162:

Elevat adsiduos copia longa viros,

Prop. 3, 31, 44:

campus, Assiduis pulsatus equis,

Ov. M. 6, 219:

adsiduus in oculis hominum fuerat,

Liv. 35, 10:

hostis, adsiduus magis quam gravis,

id. 2, 48:

canes adsiduiores,

Varr. R. R. 2, 9:

circa scholas adsiduus,

Suet. Tib. 11:

(patrimonia) majora fiunt Incude adsiduā semperque ardente camino,

by the busy anvil, Juv. 14, 118:

Retibus adsiduis penitus scrutante macello Proxima,

id. 5, 95:

Quem cavat adsiduis sudibus,

id. 6, 248:

in mandatis illius maxime adsiduus esto,

Vulg. Eccli. 6, 37; 12, 3.—So of the constant attendance of candidates for office, Q. Cic. Petit. Cons. 9, 37 (cf. these passages in their connection).—Hence sarcastically of parasites:

urbani adsidui cives, quos scurras vocant,

Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 165.—

With the prominent idea of continuance in time, continual, unremitting, incessant, perpetual, constant (very freq. both in prose and poetry):

foro operam adsiduam dare,

Plaut. As. 2, 4, 22: ludis adsiduas operas dare, [p. 180] Lucr. 4, 974:

pars terraï perusta solibus adsiduis,

id. 5, 252:

imbres,

id. 5, 341; Cic. Att. 13, 16:

motus,

Lucr. 1, 995, and 4, 392;

2, 97: repulsus,

id. 4, 106:

casus,

id. 5, 205:

frequentia,

Cic. Planc. 8 fin.; Q. Cic. Petit. Cons. 9, 37: febricula, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21 fin.:

adsidua ac diligens scriptura,

Cic. Or. 1, 33, 150:

recordatio,

id. Fin. 1, 12, 41:

deorum adsidua insidens cura,

Liv. 1, 21:

deprecatio justi adsidua,

Vulg. Jac. 5, 16:

(portae) adsiduus custos,

Liv. 34, 9:

longa temporum quies et continuum populi otium et assidua senatūs tranquillitas, etc.,

Tac. Or. 38:

sterilitates,

Suet. Claud. 18:

quantum (nominis) Octavius abstulit udo Caedibus adsiduis gladio,

Juv. 8, 243:

barbarorum incursus,

Suet. Vesp. 8:

vasa aurea adsiduissimi usūs,

id. Aug. 71:

ignis,

Tib. 1, 1, 6:

aqua,

Prop. 2, 1, 68; 2, 19, 31; 3, 11, 56 al.:

libidines,

id. 2, 16, 14:

Hic ver adsiduum atque alienis mensibus aestas,

Verg. G. 2, 149:

nubes,

Ov. M. 1, 66:

gemitus,

id. ib. 2, 486 et saep.: Non feret assiduas potiori te dare noctes, * Hor. Epod. 15, 13.—Sometimes said with a degree of impatience, constant, everlasting, eternal:

lapsus Tectorum adsiduos,

Juv. 3, 8:

obvius adsiduo Syrophoenix udus amomo,

with his everlasting perfume, id. 8, 159 Jahn:

adsiduo ruptae lectore columnae,

id. 1, 13.—Hence adv., continually, constantly, without intermission.

Form as-sĭdŭō ( ads-):

operam dare alicui,

Plaut. Cist. 1, 3, 37:

edere,

id. Mil. 1, 1, 50:

perpotare,

id. Most. 4, 2, 60:

esse cum aliquo,

id. Truc. 2, 4, 68:

quaerere aliquid,

Plin. 26, 3, 8, § 16:

adesse,

Dig. 40, 4, 44.—Far more freq.,

Form assĭdŭē ( ads-):

ubi sum adsidue, scio,

Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 20:

in ore indisciplinatorum adsidue erit,

Vulg. Eccli. 20, 26:

Adsidue veniebat,

Verg. E. 2, 4:

homines nobiles adsidue unā scribere,

Ter. Ad. prol. 16:

adsidue cantare,

Cic. Div. 1, 34, 74:

alia, quae suis locis dicentur adsidue,

Plin. 24, 1, 1, § 3:

Cum assidue minores parentibus liberi essent,

Quint. 6, 3, 67:

agere aliquid,

Ter. Heaut. prol. 29:

ut oculis adsidue videmus,

Cic. N. D. 2, 41, 104:

audire aliquid,

id. Mil. 34, 93: frequenter et adsidue consequi aliquid, Auct. ad Her. 4, 56, 69:

laudare aliquid,

Vulg. Eccli. 51, 15:

interrogari,

ib. ib. 23, 11:

litteris uti,

Cic. Fam. 5, 15:

convivari,

Suet. Aug. 74:

frequentare aedem,

id. ib. 91:

gestare aliquem ornatum,

id. Calig. 52:

DEFLERE ALIQVEM,

Inscr. Grut. 950, 8:

adsidue recens,

Plin. 11, 53, 115, § 277.— Comp not found.—

* Sup. assĭdŭissimē ( ads-):

Adsiduissime mecum fuit Dionysius,

Cic. Brut. 91, 316: salientes (aquae) adsiduissime interdiu et noctu, Sen. Cons. ap. Front. Aquaed. 2, p. 252; for the comparison of the adj. and adv. (as in arduus, exiguus, egregius, industrius, perpetuus, etc.), v. Rudd. I. p. 180, n. 58.

ex-pĕrĭor, pertus ( act. experiero, Varr. L. L. 8, 9, 24 dub.), 4, v. dep. a. [ex- and root per-; Sanscr. par-, pi-parmi, conduct; Gr. peraô, pass through; poros, passage; peira, experience; Lat. porta, portus, peritus, periculum; Germ. fahren, erfahren; Eng. fare, ferry], to try a thing; viz., either by way of testing or of attempting it.

To try, prove, put to the test.

In tempp. praes. constr. with the acc., a rel. clause, or absol.

With acc.:

habuisse aiunt domi (venenum), vimque ejus esse expertum in servo quodam ad eam rem ipsam parato,

Cic. Cael. 24, 58:

taciturnitatem nostram,

id. Brut. 65, 231:

amorem alicujus,

id. Att. 16, 16, C, 1:

his persuaserant, uti eandem belli fortunam experirentur,

Caes. B. G. 2, 16, 3:

judicium discipulorum,

Quint. 2, 5, 12:

in quo totas vires suas eloquentia experiretur,

id. 10, 1, 109:

imperium,

Liv. 2, 59, 4:

cervi cornua ad arbores subinde experientes,

Plin. 8, 32, 50, § 117 et saep.—

With a personal object: vin' me experiri?

make trial of me, Plaut. Merc. 4, 4, 29:

hanc experiamur,

Ter. Hec. 5, 2, 12 Ruhnk.:

tum se denique errasse sentiunt, cum eos (amicos) gravis aliquis casus experiri cogit,

Cic. Lael. 22, 84:

in periclitandis experiendisque pueris,

id. Div. 2, 46, 97.—So with se. reflex., to make trial of one's powers in any thing:

se heroo (versu),

Plin. Ep. 7, 4, 3 [p. 694] variis se studiorum generibus, id. ib. 9, 29, 1:

se in foro,

Quint. 12, 11, 16.—

With a rel.-clause, ut, etc.: vosne velit an me regnare era quidve ferat Fors, Virtute experiamur, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38 (Ann. v. 204, ed. Vahl.):

lubet experiri, quo evasuru'st denique,

Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 93:

experiri libet, quantum audeatis,

Liv. 25, 38, 11; cf. Nep. Alcib. 1, 1:

in me ipso experior, ut exalbescam, etc.,

Cic. de Or. 1, 26, 121; cf. with si:

expertique simul, si tela artusque sequantur,

Val. Fl. 5, 562.—

Absol.:

experiendo magis quam discendo cognovi,

Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 10:

judicare difficile est sane nisi expertum: experiendum autem est in ipsa amicitia: ita praecurrit amicitia judicium tollitque experiendi potestatem,

id. Lael. 17, 62.—

In the tempp. perf., to have tried, tested, experienced, i. e. to find or know by experience:

benignitatem tuam me experto praedicas,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 18:

omnia quae dico de Plancio, dico expertus in nobis,

Cic. Planc. 9, 22:

experti scire debemus, etc.,

id. Mil. 26, 69:

illud tibi expertus promitto,

id. Fam. 13, 9, 3:

dicam tibi, Catule, non tam doctus, quam, id quod est majus, expertus,

id. de Or. 2, 17, 72:

puellae jam virum expertae,

Hor. C. 3, 14, 11; 4, 4, 3; cf. Quint. 6, 5, 7:

mala captivitatis,

Sulp. Sev. 2, 22, 5:

id opera expertus sum esse ita,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 2, 3:

expertus sum prodesse,

Quint. 2, 4, 13:

expertus, juvenem praelongos habuisse sermones,

id. 10, 3, 32:

ut frequenter experti sumus,

id. 1, 12, 11.—

Rarely in other tenses: et exorabile numen Fortasse experiar,

may find, Juv. 13, 103.—

To make trial of, in a hostile sense, to measure strength with, to contend with:

ut interire quam Romanos non experiri mallet,

Nep. Ham. 4, 3:

maritimis moribus mecum experitur,

Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 11:

ipsi duces cominus invicem experti,

Flor. 3, 21, 7; 4, 10, 1; cf.:

hos cum Suevi, multis saepe bellis experti, finibus expellere non potuissent,

Caes. B. G. 4, 3, 4:

Turnum in armis,

Verg. A. 7, 434.

To undertake, to attempt, to make trial of, undergo, experience a thing.

In gen.:

qui desperatione debilitati experiri id nolent, quod se assequi posse diffidant. Sed par est omnes omnia experiri, qui, etc.,

Cic. Or. 1, 4; cf.:

istuc primum experiar,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 7, 47:

omnia experiri certum est, priusquam pereo,

Ter. And. 2, 1, 11:

omnia prius quam, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 7, 78, 1:

extrema omnia,

Sall. C. 26, 5; cf.

also: sese omnia de pace expertum,

Caes. B. C. 3, 57, 2:

libertatem,

i. e. to make use of, enjoy, Sall. J. 31, 5:

late fusum opus est et multiplex, etc.... dicere experiar,

Quint. 2, 13, 17:

quod quoniam me saepius rogas, aggrediar, non tam perficiundi spe quam experiundi voluntate,

Cic. Or. 1, 2.—With ut and subj.:

nunc si vel periculose experiundum erit, experiar certe, ut hinc avolem,

Cic. Att. 9, 10, 3:

experiri, ut sine armis propinquum ad officium reduceret,

Nep. Dat. 2, 3.—

In partic., jurid. t. t., to try or test by law, to go to law:

aut intra parietes aut summo jure experietur,

Cic. Quint. 11, 38; cf.:

in jus vocare est juris experiundi causa vocare,

Dig. 2, 4, 1; 47, 8, 4:

a me diem petivit: ego experiri non potui: latitavit,

Cic. Quint. 23, 75; Liv. 40, 29, 11:

sua propria bona malaque, cum causae dicendae data facultas sit, tum se experturum,

Liv. 3, 56, 10:

postulare ut judicium populi Romani experiri (liceat),

id. ib. —Hence,

expĕrĭens, entis, P. a. (acc. to II.), experienced, enterprising, active, industrious (class.):

homo gnavus et industrius, experientissimus ac diligentissimus arator,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 21, § 53:

promptus homo et experiens,

id. ib. 2, 4, 17, §

37: vir fortis et experiens,

id. Clu. 8, 23:

vir acer et experiens,

Liv. 6, 34, 4:

comes experientis Ulixei,

Ov. M. 14, 159:

ingenium,

id. Am. 1, 9, 32. —With gen.:

genus experiens laborum,

inured to, patient of, Ov. M. 1, 414:

rei militaris experientissimi duces,

Arn. 2, 38 init.; cf. Vulg. 2 Macc. 8, 9.— Comp. appears not to occur.—

expertus, a, um, P. a. (acc. to I.), in pass. signif., tried, proved, known by experience (freq. after the Aug. per.):

vir acer et pro causa plebis expertae virtutis,

Liv. 3, 44, 3:

per omnia expertus,

id. 1, 34, 12:

indignitates homines expertos,

id. 24, 22, 2:

dulcedo libertatis,

id. 1, 17, 3:

industria,

Suet. Vesp. 4:

artes,

Tac. A. 3, 17: saevitia, Prop. 1, 3, 18:

confidens ostento sibi expertissimo,

Suet. Tib. 19.—With gen.:

expertos belli juvenes,

Verg. A. 10, 173; cf. Tac. H. 4, 76.— Comp. and adv. appear not to occur.

industrĭa, ae, f. [industrius], diligence, activity, assiduity, industry:

ingenium industriā alitur,

Cic. Cael. 19, 45:

in agendo,

id. de Imp. Pomp. 11, 29:

qui in scribendo tantum industriae ponam,

spend so much pains on writing, id. Fam. 3, 9, 3:

magnā industriā bellum apparavit,

Nep. Ages. 3, 2:

itineris,

assiduity on the journey, Suet. Aug. 8:

illi numquam super industriam fortuna fuit,

did not surpass his assiduity, Sall. J. 95, 4 al.:

qui ipsus se contemnit, in eo est indoles industriae,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 41: de or ex industria, diligently, assiduously; and hence, esp., on purpose, purposely, intentionally:

de industria,

Cic. Or. 44, 151; id. Off. 1, 7, 24; Ter. And. 4, 4, 56; Curt. 5, 3, 9; 5, 4, 8; 6, 1, 3 al.:

ex industria,

Liv. 1, 56, 8; 26, 51, 11; Curt. 6, 5, 7 al.;

also simply: industriā,

Plaut. Truc. 1, 1, 37; Plin. 16, 1, 2, § 5; Front. Strat. 1, 5, 16; and:

ob industriam,

Plaut. Cas. 4, 3, 11.—Rarely in plur.:

summis opibus atque industriis,

Plaut. Most. 2, 1, 1; so Auct. Her. 3, 7, 14 (cf. Zumpt ad Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 4, § 7, p. 433).

Industrĭa, ae, f., a city in Liguria, on the right bank of the Padus, now Monteù di Po, near Chivasso, Plin. 3, 5, 7, § 49; 3, 16, 20, § 122.—Hence, Industrĭ-ensis, e, adj., Tab. Aenea ap. Maff. Mus. Ver. p. 230.

industrĭa, ae, f. [industrius], diligence, activity, assiduity, industry:

ingenium industriā alitur,

Cic. Cael. 19, 45:

in agendo,

id. de Imp. Pomp. 11, 29:

qui in scribendo tantum industriae ponam,

spend so much pains on writing, id. Fam. 3, 9, 3:

magnā industriā bellum apparavit,

Nep. Ages. 3, 2:

itineris,

assiduity on the journey, Suet. Aug. 8:

illi numquam super industriam fortuna fuit,

did not surpass his assiduity, Sall. J. 95, 4 al.:

qui ipsus se contemnit, in eo est indoles industriae,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 41: de or ex industria, diligently, assiduously; and hence, esp., on purpose, purposely, intentionally:

de industria,

Cic. Or. 44, 151; id. Off. 1, 7, 24; Ter. And. 4, 4, 56; Curt. 5, 3, 9; 5, 4, 8; 6, 1, 3 al.:

ex industria,

Liv. 1, 56, 8; 26, 51, 11; Curt. 6, 5, 7 al.;

also simply: industriā,

Plaut. Truc. 1, 1, 37; Plin. 16, 1, 2, § 5; Front. Strat. 1, 5, 16; and:

ob industriam,

Plaut. Cas. 4, 3, 11.—Rarely in plur.:

summis opibus atque industriis,

Plaut. Most. 2, 1, 1; so Auct. Her. 3, 7, 14 (cf. Zumpt ad Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 4, § 7, p. 433).

Industrĭa, ae, f., a city in Liguria, on the right bank of the Padus, now Monteù di Po, near Chivasso, Plin. 3, 5, 7, § 49; 3, 16, 20, § 122.—Hence, Industrĭ-ensis, e, adj., Tab. Aenea ap. Maff. Mus. Ver. p. 230.

industrĭa, ae, f. [industrius], diligence, activity, assiduity, industry:

ingenium industriā alitur,

Cic. Cael. 19, 45:

in agendo,

id. de Imp. Pomp. 11, 29:

qui in scribendo tantum industriae ponam,

spend so much pains on writing, id. Fam. 3, 9, 3:

magnā industriā bellum apparavit,

Nep. Ages. 3, 2:

itineris,

assiduity on the journey, Suet. Aug. 8:

illi numquam super industriam fortuna fuit,

did not surpass his assiduity, Sall. J. 95, 4 al.:

qui ipsus se contemnit, in eo est indoles industriae,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 41: de or ex industria, diligently, assiduously; and hence, esp., on purpose, purposely, intentionally:

de industria,

Cic. Or. 44, 151; id. Off. 1, 7, 24; Ter. And. 4, 4, 56; Curt. 5, 3, 9; 5, 4, 8; 6, 1, 3 al.:

ex industria,

Liv. 1, 56, 8; 26, 51, 11; Curt. 6, 5, 7 al.;

also simply: industriā,

Plaut. Truc. 1, 1, 37; Plin. 16, 1, 2, § 5; Front. Strat. 1, 5, 16; and:

ob industriam,

Plaut. Cas. 4, 3, 11.—Rarely in plur.:

summis opibus atque industriis,

Plaut. Most. 2, 1, 1; so Auct. Her. 3, 7, 14 (cf. Zumpt ad Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 4, § 7, p. 433).

Industrĭa, ae, f., a city in Liguria, on the right bank of the Padus, now Monteù di Po, near Chivasso, Plin. 3, 5, 7, § 49; 3, 16, 20, § 122.—Hence, Industrĭ-ensis, e, adj., Tab. Aenea ap. Maff. Mus. Ver. p. 230.