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61 Debré, Michel
(1912-1996)Conservative politician, and right hand man of General de Gaulle. First prime minister (1959-1962) of the Fifth Republic. Debré was, with de Gaulle, one of the main authors of the constitution of the Fifth Republic.Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Debré, Michel
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62 Gaulle , General Charles de
(1890-1970). Prime minister 1944-1946, President 1958-1969.De Gaulle was without doubt the most influential French politician of the twentieth century. Leader of the Free French forces in World War 2, General de Gaulle went on to become the instigator, and the first president, of France's fifth republic. He oversaw French decolonisation of Algeria and other colonies, but was also a strong nationalist, who believed in France's independent nuclear deterrent, and withdrew France from NATO's military command in a move to affirm France's independence with regard notably to the USA. He was one of the leading proponents of the European Economic Community, the EEC, precursor of the European Union, but memorably blocked Britain's application for membership in 1960, considering that Britain was too aligned with the USA.A firm believer in strong central power, he designed the constitution of the Fifth Republic to give very great powers to the President (far greater than in any other major western democracy), leaving the French Parliament as second fiddle. He also sought to model the European Community in the same way, concentrating power in the hands of the Commission, and opposing the extension of the powers of the European Parliament.Notwithstanding, de Gaulle remains an iconic figure in the life of modernFrance, and a point of reference for politicians, notably those on the right. For over thirty years, French conservative political parties have vied with each other to portray themselves as the true bearers of Gaullist values; but with the passing of time, de Gaulle's influence on French politics, and the emblematic value of his name, are declining. The modern UMP party, the party of Presient Sarkozy, may be descended in direct lineage from de Gaulle's RFP and UDR parties, and may define itself as being "gaullist", but the meaning of the word, in that case, has changed.Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Gaulle , General Charles de
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63 Kouchner, Bernard
born 1939. Doctor, politician. Kouchner was co-founder of the international medical charity Médecins sans Frontières (q.v.). As a politician, he was a leading member of the Socialist Party, and held ministerial portfolios, as Minister of health, under four Socialist prime ministers. However, disappointed by the failure of the Socialist Party to modernise, he was one of the leading Socialists to accept an invitation to join the "open" conservative government of François Fillon, following the election of President Sarkozy. He remained France's foreign secretary until 2010, when he was replaced by Michèle Aliot Marie.Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Kouchner, Bernard
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64 President
The head of state, under the constitution of the French Fifth Republic (Cinquième république). The French president is elected by direct universal suffrage, for a term of five years in office. Since the 2008 constitutional reform introduced by President Sarkozy, a president may serve no more than two five-year terms in office. Election by universal suffrage was first introduced following a referendum organised by General de Gaulle in 1962. Originally the presidential term in office was seven years, with one president, F. Mitterrand, serving a full two terms. With presidential and legislative elections operating according to different calendars, swings in the popularity of parties and their leaders led in the mid eighties to situations or " Cohabitation", with presidents and parliamentary majorities from different sides of the political spectrum. In 2002, presidential and legislative elections were held within two months of each other, each leading to five year terms in office for those elected; thus president Chirac emerged for a second term in office with a solid parliamentary majority of his own supporters.The president is responsible for choosing his Prime Minister (see Premier Ministre), who proposes a team of government ministers which the president must approve. He is the chief of the executive, who oversees weekly cabinet meetings (see Conseil des ministres), and promulgates new laws. He is also the commander in chief of French forces. He has the power to dissolve theNational Assembly and call legislative elections - a power used rather disastrously in 1997 by Jacques Chirac, who dissolved the Assembly in attempt to give his "presidential majority" a rather less slender majority, only to see the Socialist opposition voted into power.In exceptional cases of national emergency, Article 16 of the Constitutiongives the president the power to rule without the consent of parliament.See also Giscard d'Estaing, PompidouDictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > President
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65 groupe thermo-électrique
агрегат тепловой электростанции
агрегат ТЭС
—
[Я.Н.Лугинский, М.С.Фези-Жилинская, Ю.С.Кабиров. Англо-русский словарь по электротехнике и электроэнергетике, Москва]EN
thermal generating set
a generating set consisting of a thermal prime mover mechanically connected to one or more generators of electricity
[IEV ref 602-02-20]FR
groupe thermo-électrique
groupe générateur constitué par un moteur thermique accouplé mécaniquement à un ou plusieurs générateurs d'énergie électrique
[IEV ref 602-02-20]Тематики
Синонимы
EN
DE
- thermischer Maschinensatz, m
FR
Франко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > groupe thermo-électrique
См. также в других словарях:
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