hitherto

hac-tĕnus (a strengthened archaic form, hacĕtĕnus, acc. to Mar. Victor. p. 2457 P.—Separated per tmesin, Verg. A. 5, 603; 6, 62; Ov. M. 5, 642), adv. [hic- tenus; lit., as far as to this side; hence], to indicate a limit, so far, thus far (cf. hucusque).

In space.

Lit. (very rare), to this place, thus far:

hactenus summus inaurato crater erat asper acantho,

Ov. M. 13, 700:

hactenus dominum est illa secuta suum,

id. Tr. 1, 10, 22; id. Am. 2, 11, 16; cf.:

hactenus in occidentem Germaniam novimus,

Tac. G. 35 init.:

hac Trojana tenus fuerit fortuna secuta,

Verg. A. 6, 62.—Far more freq. and class. (esp. freq. in Cic.),

Transf., to indicate the limit of a discourse or of an extract, thus far, to this point, no further than this:

hactenus mihi videor de amicitia quid sentirem potuisse dicere,

Cic. Lael. 7, 24:

hactenus admirabor corum tarditatem, qui, etc.,

id. N. D. 1, 10, 24:

hactenus fuit, quod caute a me scribi posset,

id. Att. 11, 4, 2:

externae arbores hactenus fere sunt,

Plin. 14, 1, 1, § 1; cf. id. 14, 3, 4, § 36:

sed me hactenus cedentem nemo insequatur ultra,

Quint. 12, 10, 47:

verum hactenus evagari satis fuerit,

id. 2, 4, 32;

so after a quotation: hactenus Trogus,

Plin. 11, 52, 114, § 276:

hactenus Varro,

id. 14, 14, 17, § 96.—

In this sense usually ellipt., esp. as a formula of transition:

sed, si placet, in hunc diem hactenus: reliqua differamus in crastinum,

thus far for to-day, Cic. Rep. 2, 44, 4 fin.: ergo [p. 837] haec quoque hactenus:

redeo ad urbana,

id. Att. 5, 13, 2: sed haec hactenus: nunc, etc., so much for this (very freq.), id. Div. 2, 24, 53; id. Lael. 15, 55; id. Att. 13, 21, 4; Quint. 4, 2, 30 et saep.:

haec hactenus,

Cic. Att. 16, 6, 2:

sed de hoc loco plura in aliis: nunc hactenus,

id. Div. 2, 36, 76:

hactenus haec,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 63:

sed hactenus, praesertim, etc.,

Cic. Att. 5, 13, 1; so,

sed hactenus,

id. ib. 9, 7, 3; 13, 9, 1; 14, 17, 2; Plin. 36, 6, 5, § 46:

de litteris hactenus,

Cic. Fam. 2, 1, 1; 3, 7, 3; 16, 24, 1; id. Att. 6, 2, 1 al.:

hactenus de soloecismo,

Quint. 1, 5, 54:

hactenus ergo de studiis... proximus liber, etc.,

id. 1, 12, 19:

hactenus de poëtis,

Lact. 1, 5, 15:

hactenus de mundo,

Plin. 2, 38, 38, § 102; 15, 8, 8, § 34:

hactenus, et pariter vitam cum sanguine fudit,

Ov. M. 2, 610:

hactenus et gemuit,

id. ib. 10, 423:

hactenus: ut vivo subiit,

id. F. 5, 661:

hactenus Aeacides,

id. M. 12, 82; 14, 512.—

In time, to indicate a limit, up to this time, thus far, so long, till now, hitherto, no longer than this ( poet. and post-Aug.):

hactenus quietae utrimque stationes fuere: postquam, etc.,

Liv. 7, 26, 6:

hactenus pro libertate, mox de finibus pugnatum est,

Flor. 1, 11, 5; Ov. M. 5, 250:

hac celebrata tenus sancto certamina patri,

Verg. A. 5, 603; 11, 823:

dispecta est et Thule, quam hactenus nix et hiems abdebat,

Tac. Agr. 10; id. A. 13, 47.—

In extent.

Absol., opp. to more, to this extent, so much, only so much, only (very rare, and not anteAug.):

Burrum sciscitanti hactenus respondisse: ego me bene habeo,

Tac. A. 14, 51;

so ellipt.,

Suet. Dom. 16.—Far more freq. and class.,

Relat., like eatenus, to this extent that, so much as, so far as, as far as;

corresp. with quatenus, quoad, quod, si, ut (so most freq.), ne: hactenus non vertit (in rem), quatenus domino debet: quod excedit, vertit,

Dig. 15, 3, 10, § 7:

hactenus existimo nostram consolationem recte adhibitam esse, quoad certior ab homine amicissimo fieres iis de rebus, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 4, 3, 3:

patrem familiae hactenus ago, quod aliquam partem praediorum percurro,

Plin. Ep. 9, 15, 3: meritoria officia sunt;

hactenus utilia, si praeparant ingenium, non detinent,

Sen. Ep. 88.—With ut:

haec artem quidem et praecepta duntaxat hactenus requirunt, ut certis dicendi luminibus ornentur,

Cic. de Or. 2, 27, 119; id. Div. 1, 8, 13; Hor. S. 1, 2, 123; Ov. H. 15, 156.—With ne:

curandus autem hactenus, ne quid ad senatum, etc.,

Cic. Att. 5, 4, 2; Quint. 6, 2, 3; Tac. A. 14, 7; cf.:

(eum) interficere constituit, hactenus consultans, veneno an ferro vel qua alia vi,

id. ib. 14, 3 init.

hac-tĕnus (a strengthened archaic form, hacĕtĕnus, acc. to Mar. Victor. p. 2457 P.—Separated per tmesin, Verg. A. 5, 603; 6, 62; Ov. M. 5, 642), adv. [hic- tenus; lit., as far as to this side; hence], to indicate a limit, so far, thus far (cf. hucusque).

In space.

Lit. (very rare), to this place, thus far:

hactenus summus inaurato crater erat asper acantho,

Ov. M. 13, 700:

hactenus dominum est illa secuta suum,

id. Tr. 1, 10, 22; id. Am. 2, 11, 16; cf.:

hactenus in occidentem Germaniam novimus,

Tac. G. 35 init.:

hac Trojana tenus fuerit fortuna secuta,

Verg. A. 6, 62.—Far more freq. and class. (esp. freq. in Cic.),

Transf., to indicate the limit of a discourse or of an extract, thus far, to this point, no further than this:

hactenus mihi videor de amicitia quid sentirem potuisse dicere,

Cic. Lael. 7, 24:

hactenus admirabor corum tarditatem, qui, etc.,

id. N. D. 1, 10, 24:

hactenus fuit, quod caute a me scribi posset,

id. Att. 11, 4, 2:

externae arbores hactenus fere sunt,

Plin. 14, 1, 1, § 1; cf. id. 14, 3, 4, § 36:

sed me hactenus cedentem nemo insequatur ultra,

Quint. 12, 10, 47:

verum hactenus evagari satis fuerit,

id. 2, 4, 32;

so after a quotation: hactenus Trogus,

Plin. 11, 52, 114, § 276:

hactenus Varro,

id. 14, 14, 17, § 96.—

In this sense usually ellipt., esp. as a formula of transition:

sed, si placet, in hunc diem hactenus: reliqua differamus in crastinum,

thus far for to-day, Cic. Rep. 2, 44, 4 fin.: ergo [p. 837] haec quoque hactenus:

redeo ad urbana,

id. Att. 5, 13, 2: sed haec hactenus: nunc, etc., so much for this (very freq.), id. Div. 2, 24, 53; id. Lael. 15, 55; id. Att. 13, 21, 4; Quint. 4, 2, 30 et saep.:

haec hactenus,

Cic. Att. 16, 6, 2:

sed de hoc loco plura in aliis: nunc hactenus,

id. Div. 2, 36, 76:

hactenus haec,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 63:

sed hactenus, praesertim, etc.,

Cic. Att. 5, 13, 1; so,

sed hactenus,

id. ib. 9, 7, 3; 13, 9, 1; 14, 17, 2; Plin. 36, 6, 5, § 46:

de litteris hactenus,

Cic. Fam. 2, 1, 1; 3, 7, 3; 16, 24, 1; id. Att. 6, 2, 1 al.:

hactenus de soloecismo,

Quint. 1, 5, 54:

hactenus ergo de studiis... proximus liber, etc.,

id. 1, 12, 19:

hactenus de poëtis,

Lact. 1, 5, 15:

hactenus de mundo,

Plin. 2, 38, 38, § 102; 15, 8, 8, § 34:

hactenus, et pariter vitam cum sanguine fudit,

Ov. M. 2, 610:

hactenus et gemuit,

id. ib. 10, 423:

hactenus: ut vivo subiit,

id. F. 5, 661:

hactenus Aeacides,

id. M. 12, 82; 14, 512.—

In time, to indicate a limit, up to this time, thus far, so long, till now, hitherto, no longer than this ( poet. and post-Aug.):

hactenus quietae utrimque stationes fuere: postquam, etc.,

Liv. 7, 26, 6:

hactenus pro libertate, mox de finibus pugnatum est,

Flor. 1, 11, 5; Ov. M. 5, 250:

hac celebrata tenus sancto certamina patri,

Verg. A. 5, 603; 11, 823:

dispecta est et Thule, quam hactenus nix et hiems abdebat,

Tac. Agr. 10; id. A. 13, 47.—

In extent.

Absol., opp. to more, to this extent, so much, only so much, only (very rare, and not anteAug.):

Burrum sciscitanti hactenus respondisse: ego me bene habeo,

Tac. A. 14, 51;

so ellipt.,

Suet. Dom. 16.—Far more freq. and class.,

Relat., like eatenus, to this extent that, so much as, so far as, as far as;

corresp. with quatenus, quoad, quod, si, ut (so most freq.), ne: hactenus non vertit (in rem), quatenus domino debet: quod excedit, vertit,

Dig. 15, 3, 10, § 7:

hactenus existimo nostram consolationem recte adhibitam esse, quoad certior ab homine amicissimo fieres iis de rebus, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 4, 3, 3:

patrem familiae hactenus ago, quod aliquam partem praediorum percurro,

Plin. Ep. 9, 15, 3: meritoria officia sunt;

hactenus utilia, si praeparant ingenium, non detinent,

Sen. Ep. 88.—With ut:

haec artem quidem et praecepta duntaxat hactenus requirunt, ut certis dicendi luminibus ornentur,

Cic. de Or. 2, 27, 119; id. Div. 1, 8, 13; Hor. S. 1, 2, 123; Ov. H. 15, 156.—With ne:

curandus autem hactenus, ne quid ad senatum, etc.,

Cic. Att. 5, 4, 2; Quint. 6, 2, 3; Tac. A. 14, 7; cf.:

(eum) interficere constituit, hactenus consultans, veneno an ferro vel qua alia vi,

id. ib. 14, 3 init.

is, ĕa, id (m. eis, C. I. L. 1, 198; n. it, ib. 5, 875 al., and freq. in MSS. of Plaut.), gen. ējus (old form eiius, C. I. L. 3, 1365 et saep.; v. Prisc. 1, 4, 18, p. 545;

also etius,

ib. 2, 1276 al.;

scanned ĕius,

Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 60; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 51; v. Lachm. ad Lucr. 3, 374;

also Cic. poët. N. D. 2, 42, 109: eius, monosyl.,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 206; Ter. Eun. 4, 1, 7 et saep.; dat. ĕï, in ante-class. poetry often ēi, Plaut. Most. 4, 2, 32; Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 46; Lucr. 2, 1136; 5, 300:

eiei, C. I. L. 1, 198, 12 al.: eei,

Inscr. Neap. 2423:

iei, C. I. L. 1, 205, col. 2, 12 al.: ei, monosyl.,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 68; id. Trin. 1, 2, 138 et saep.; Cat. 82, 3; cf. Prisc. 7, 5, 21, p. 740; Lachm. ad Lucr. 3, 374:

eo,

Inscr. Murat. 582; f. eae, Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 77 Ritschl; Cato, R. R. 46, 1; v. Varr. L. L. 8, 28, 51; acc. im for eum, Lex ap. Cic. Leg. 2, 24, 60; Charis. 1, 17, p. 107 sq.; Paul. ex Fest. p. 103; also em, Tab. XII., tab. 1, fr. 1.— Plur. nom. m. ĕi, Plaut. Mil. 2, 4, 32; id. Stich. 1, 3, 47; Ter. Ad. prol. 23; but in the MSS. ii; Cic. de Or. 1, 19, 87 et saep.:

eei,

Inscr. Neap. 2423, 8: iei, C. I. L. 1, 185; Varr. L. L. 9, 1, 2 al.;

but ī,

Plaut. Trin. prol. 17; id. Mil. 3, 1, 158 al.; v. Ritschl prol. p. 98; gen. eum for eorum, Inscr. Murat. 582, 2; dat. and abl. eīs or iīs, also īs, C. I. L. 1, 198, 48; Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 140, and freq. in MSS.:

eis, monosyl.,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 36; id. Eun. 5, 8, 59 al.; v. Lachm. ad Lucr. 4, 934: ieis, C. I. L. 1, 204, col. 1, 5 al.;

old form also ībus,

Plaut. Mil. 1, 74; id. Truc. 1, 2, 17: ĭbus, Titin. et Pomp. ap. Non. p. 486; Lucr. 2, 88; cf. S. C. ap. Gell. 4, 6, 2; v. Lachm. l. l.; f. eābus, Cato, R. R. 152; cf. Prisc. 7, 3, 11, p. 733; v. more on these forms, Neue, Formenl. 2, 191-196), pron. demonstr. [root i-; Sanscr. itas; hence, i-ha, here; cf. i-bi, i-ta, i-dem, etc.].

He, she, it; this or that man, woman, thing.

Referring to something already mentioned, in gen.

Referring to the third person:

fuit quidam senex Mercator: navem is fregit apud Andrum insulam: Is obiit mortem,

Ter. And. 1, 3, 16:

venit mihi obviam tuus puer: is mihi litteras abs te reddidit,

Cic. Att. 2, 1, 1:

objecit ut probrum nobiliori, quod is, etc.,

id. Tusc. 1, 2, 3.—

Of the first person:

ego me credidi Homini docto rem mandare: is lapidi mando maxumo,

Plaut. Merc. 3, 4, 47:

haec omnia is feci, qui sodalis Dolabellae eram,

Cic. Fam. 12, 14; Sen. Ep. 63 al. —

Of the second person:

qui magister equitum fuisse tibi viderere, is per municipia cucurristi,

Cic. Phil. 2, 30.—

Esp.

In connection with a noun:

ea re, quia turpe sit, faciendum non esse,

Cic. Off. 3, 13:

ea res ut est Helvetiis enuntiata, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 1, 4:

ne ob eam rem tribueret, etc.,

id. ib. 1, 13:

flumen est Arar... id flumen, etc.,

id. ib. 1, 12: sub id tempus, Liv. [p. 1004] 43, 5:

ejus disputationis sententias memoriae mandavi,

Cic. Lael. 1, 3:

ante eam diem,

id. Att. 2, 11, 2:

ea tempestate,

Sall. C. 36, 4:

quam urbem is rex condidit,

Plin. 6, 17, 21, § 61.—

When is, ea, id would stand in the same case with the relative it is usually omitted; when the relative precedes, it is sometimes employed for emphasis:

male se res habet, cum, quod virtute effici debet, id temptatur pecuniā,

Cic. Off. 2, 6, 22. —

Connected with que and quidem, it gives prominence to a preceding idea:

cum una legione eaque vacillante,

and that, Cic. Phil. 3, 12, 31:

inprimis nobis sermo isque multus de te fuit,

id. Att. 5, 1, 3:

tuus dolor humanus is quidem, sed, etc.,

id. ib. 12, 10:

vincula et ea sempiterna,

id. Cat. 4, 4, 7:

certa flagitiis merces, nec ea parva,

id. Phil. 2, 18, 44.—

It is sometimes used instead of the reflexive pronoun:

Helvetii persuadent Rauracis, ut una cum iis (for secum) proficiscantur,

Caes. B. G. 1, 5:

Caesar etiam privatas injurias ultus est, quod ejus soceri avum Tigurini interfecerant,

id. ib. 1, 12. —

It is sometimes placed, for greater emphasis, after a relative:

multitudinem, quae fortunis vestris imminebat, eam... se fecisse commemorat, ut, etc.,

Cic. Mil. 35, 95; cf.:

urbem novam conditam vi et armis, jure eam legibusque de integro condere parat,

Liv. 1, 19, 1.—

Id, n., to designate an idea in the most general manner, that (thing, fact, thought, circumstance, etc.).

In gen.:

quando verba vana ad id locorum fuerint, rebus standum esse,

hitherto, till now, Liv. 9, 45, 2; so,

ad id (sc. tempus),

id. 3, 22:

ad id diei,

Gell. 17, 8:

ad id quod natura cogeret, i. e. death,

Nep. Att. 22, 2:

id temporis,

at that time, Cic. Mil. 10, 28; id. Cat. 4, 1, 10: id. Att. 13, 33:

id aetatis,

at that age, id. de Or. 1, 47; cf. id. Verr. 2, 2, 37, § 91.—

Esp.

Id, therefore, for that reason, on that account:

id ego gaudeo,

Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3:

id misera maesta est,

Plaut. Rud. 2, 3, 66:

idne estis auctores mihi?

do you advise me to that? Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 16.—

Id genus = ejus generis, Gell. 9, 12, 13:

aliquid id genus scribere,

Cic. Att. 13, 12, 3.—

Ad id, for that purpose:

ad id quod sua quemque mala cogebant, evocati,

Liv. 3, 7, 8: ad id quod = praeterquam quod, besides that:

consul ad id, quod, etc., tunc quoque, etc.,

id. 44, 37, 12; 3, 62, 1; 26, 45, 8 al.—

In id, to that end, on that account, therefore:

in id fide a rege accepta,

Liv. 28, 17.—

In eo est, it is gone so far, is at that pass:

quod ad me de Lentulo scribis, non est in eo,

it is not come to that, is not so, Cic. Att. 12, 40:

cum jam in eo esset, ut in muros evaderet miles,

when the soldiers were just on the point of scaling the walls, Liv. 2, 17, 5; 28, 22, 8; Nep. Milt. 7, 3: in eo est, also, it consists in that, depends upon that:

totum in eo est tectorium, ut sit concinnum,

Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 1, § 1:

ejus omnis oratio versata est in eo, ut, etc.,

id. de Or. 1, 57, 254:

sic velim enitare quasi in eo mihi sint omnia,

id. Fam. 15, 14.—

Ex eo, from that, hence:

sed tamen ex eo, quod eam voluptatem videtur amplexari saepe vehementius, etc.,

Cic. Fin. 2, 9. —

Cum eo, ut (with subj.), with the condition or stipulation that, etc., Liv. 8, 14.—

Eo, adverbially, with the comp., so much, by so much; but frequently to be expressed in English by the, Cic. Quint. 9; so id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 5.—

Sometimes is refers to the foll. substantive, instead of to the preceding relative:

quae vectigalia locasset, ea rata locatio (for eorum),

Liv. 23, 11:

ea libera conjectura est (for de hac re),

id. 4, 20:

quae pars major erit, eo stabitur consilio (for ejus),

id. 7, 35:

existit ea, quae gemma dicitur,

Cic. de Sen. 15.—Sometimes, for emphasis, it is placed before the relative quod, to represent a thought or clause:

ratus, id quod negotium poscebat, Jugurtham venturum,

Sall. J. 56, 1; id. C. 51, 20:

sive ille hoc ingenio potuisset, sive, id quod constaret, Platonis studiosus audiendi fuisset,

Cic. de Or. 1, 20, 89:

si nos, id quod debet, nostra patria delectat,

id. ib. 1, 44, 196:

si, id quod facile factu fuit, vi armisque superassem,

id. Sest. 17, 39; 13, 30; so,

id quo,

id. Inv. 1, 26, 39:

id de quo,

Liv. 21, 10, 9. — It is thus apparently pleonastic after substantives: Octavio Mamilio—is longe princeps Latini nominis erat...—ei Mamilio filiam nuptum dat, Liv. 1, 49, 9:

cultrum, quem habebat, eum defigit,

id. 1, 58, 11; cf. id. 3, 58, 1.—It is rarely pleonastic after the relative:

quod ne id facere posses, idcirco dixeram,

Cic. Ac. 2, 25, 79 dub. (B. and K. bracket id). —

He, she, it; that man or the man ( woman, thing), the one, that one, as a correlative to qui:

si is, qui erit adductus,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 89, § 207:

is mihi profecto servus spectatus satis, Cui dominus curae est,

Ter. Ad. 5, 6, 5. And also in the first person:

haec tibi scribo... is, qui flevi,

Sen. Ep. 1.—

Such, of such a sort, character, or quality:

in eum jam rediit locum, ut, etc.,

Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 118:

neque enim tu is es, qui, quid sis, nescias,

Cic. Fam. 5, 12, 6; 4, 7, 2:

itaque ego is in illum sum, quem tu me esse vis,

id. Att. 7, 8, 1:

is eram natus... ut potuerim,

Liv. 7, 40, 8.— Adj.:

nec tamen eas cenas quaero, ut magnae reliquiae fiant,

Cic. Fam. 9, 16, 8; id. Clu. 70:

quae causae sunt ejus modi, ut de earum jure dubium esse non possit,

id. de Or. 1, 57, 241:

est enim credo is vir iste, ut civitatis nomen sua auctoritate sustineat,

id. Fl. 15, 34. —

Such, so great, of so high a degree:

L. Mescinius ea mecum consuetudine conjunctus est, quod mihi quaestor fuit,

Cic. Fam. 13, 26, 1.—Hence, advv.

ĕā (sc. parte, viā, etc.), on that side, by that way, there:

quod eā proxime accedi poterat,

Cic. Caecin. 8, 21:

itinera muniit: effecit ut eā elephantus ornatus ire posset, quā antea, etc.,

Nep. Ham. 3 fin.:

postquam comperit, transitum eā non esse,

Liv. 21, 32, 9; 5, 43, 2; 24, 2 fin.; 26, 11 fin.; 27, 15 fin. al. —

ĕō, v. 2. eo.

jam, adv. [for diam, collat. form of diem, cf. pri-dem, du-dum, Corss. Ausspr. I. p. 213; II. p. 850; but acc. to Curt. Gr. Etym. 398, 620; locat. form from pronom. stem ja].

Of time, denoting a point or moment of time as coinciding with that of the action, etc., described.

Of present time.

As opp. to past or future, at this time, now, just now, at present, i. e. while I speak or write this.

Jam alone:

jamne autem, ut soles, deludis?

Plaut. Aul. 5, 11:

jam satis credis sobrium esse me,

Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 36:

saltus reficit jam roscida luna,

Verg. G. 3, 337:

jam tenebris et sole cadente,

id. ib. 3, 401:

jamque dies, ni fallor, adest,

id. A. 5, 49:

jam advesperascit,

Ter. And. 3, 4, 2:

reddere qui voces jam scit puer,

Hor. A. P. 158: stabat modo consularis, modo septemvir epulonum;

jam neutrum,

Plin. Ep. 2, 11, 12:

jam melior, jam, diva, precor,

Verg. A. 12, 179:

Hem, scio jam quod vis dicere,

Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 36:

in ea (consuetudine) quaedam sunt jura ipsa jam certa propter vetustatem,

Cic. Inv. 2, 22, 67:

jam tempus agi,

Verg. A. 5, 638:

surgere jam tempus,

Cat. 62, 3.—

Strengthened.

By repetition: jam jam, jam jamque (nearly = nunc), at this very time, precisely now:

jam jam intellego, Crasse, quod dicas,

Cic. de Or. 3, 24, 90:

jam jam minime miror te otium perturbare,

id. Phil. 2, 34, 87:

jam jam dolet quod egi, jam jamque paenitet,

Cat. 63, 73:

jam jam linquo acies,

Verg. A. 12, 875:

jam jamque video bellum,

Cic. Att. 16, 9 fin.:

at illum ruere nuntiant et jam jamque adesse,

id. ib. 7, 20, 1; cf.:

jam mihi, jam possim contentus vivere parvo,

Tib. 1, 1, 25 (7).—

By nunc: jam nunc, just now, at this very time, as things now are:

jam nunc irata non es,

Plaut. Am. 3, 2, 65:

dux, jam nunc locatus in urbe,

Liv. 22, 38, 9; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 127:

quae cum cogito, jam nunc timeo quidnam, etc.,

Cic. Div. in Caecil. 13, 42:

deliberationis ejus tempus ita jam nunc statui posse, etc.,

Liv. 31, 32, 3:

ipsa Venus laetos jam nunc migravit in agros,

Tib. 2, 3, 3:

nec jam nunc regina loquor,

Val. Fl. 8, 47; so,

nunc jam (nunciam): secede huc nunciam,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 23:

audi nunciam,

Ter. And. 2, 1, 29:

i nunciam,

id. Ad. 2, 1, 21: nunc jam sum expeditus, Cass. ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 12, 5:

nunc jam nobis vobisque consulatus patet,

Liv. 7, 32, 14.—

By tum:

jam tum opifices funguntur munere,

Plin. 11, 21, 24, § 74; Verg. G. 2, 405; id. A. 1, 18.—

By pridem, v. jampridem.—

In contrast with the time at which something was expected.

Of that which occurs sooner, already, so soon:

quies (animos) aut jam exhaustos aut mox exhauriendos, renovavit,

Liv. 21, 21, 7:

gravitate valetudinis, qua tamen jam paululum videor levari,

Cic. Fam. 6, 2, 1; 3, 8, 16:

jamne ibis,

are you going so soon, Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 86; id. Rud. 2, 7, 26.—

Of that which occurs later, at last, now, only now:

ohe jam desine deos uxor gratulando obtundere,

Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 8:

postulo, Dave, ut redeat jam in viam,

id. And. 1, 2, 19:

jamque sero diei subducit ex acie legionem faciendis castris,

Tac. A. 2, 21:

jam sanguinis alti vis sibi fecit iter,

Luc. 2, 214.—Tandem or aliquando is often added:

jam tandem ades ilico,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 39:

putamus enim utile esse te aliquando jam rem transigere,

Cic. Att. 1, 4, 1:

jam tandem Italiae fugientis prendimus oras,

Verg. A. 6, 61; Liv. 22, 12, 10.—

As continued from the past, already, by this time, ere now, till now, hitherto:

et apud Graecos quidem jam anni prope quadrigenti sunt, etc.,

Cic. Or. 51, 171:

obsolevit jam ista oratio,

id. de Imp. Pomp. 17, 52:

nondum feminam aequavimus gloriā, et jam nos laudis satietas cepit?

Curt. 9, 6, 23.—With numerals and words specifying time:

jam biennium est, cum mecum coepit rem gerere,

Plaut. Merc. 3, 1, 35; so,

plus jam anno,

id. Curc. 1, 1, 14:

sunt duo menses jam,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 3, 8:

qui septingentos jam annos vivunt, etc.,

id. Fl. 26, 63:

annum jam tertium et vicesimum regnat,

id. de Imp. Pomp. 3, 7; id. Fin. 2, 29, 94.—

With imperatives, to express haste or impatience, like Engl. now, now, straightway, at once:

quid miserum, Aenea, laceras? Jam parce sepulto,

Verg. A. 3, 41:

sed jam age, carpe viam,

id. ib. 6, 629:

et jam tu... illum adspice contra,

id. ib. 11, 373.—So in impetuous or passionate questions (freq. in Plaut.):

Jam tu autem nobis praeturam geris?

Plaut. Ep. 1, 1, 23; cf. id. Aul. 5, 11; id. Bacch. 2, 2, 25.—

Jam... jam, at one time... at another, now... now, at this time... at that:

jamque eadem digitis jam pectine pulsat eburno,

Verg. A. 647:

jamque hos cursu, jam praeterit illos,

id. ib. 4, 157:

qui jam contento, jam laxo fune laborat,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 20:

jam vino quaerens, jam somno fallere curas,

id. ib. 2, 7, 114:

jam secundae, jam adversae res, ita erudierant, etc.,

Liv. 30, 30; Tib. 1, 2, 49; Ov. M. 1, 111.—

Of past time.

In the time just past, but now, a moment ago, a little while ago, just:

videamus nunc quam sint praeclare illa his, quae jam posui, consequentia,

Cic. Fin. 3, 7, 26:

Arsinoë et jam dicta Memphis,

Plin. 5, 9, 11, § 61:

insulae praeter jam dictas,

id. 3, 26, 30, § 151:

hiems jam praecipitaverat,

Caes. B. C. 3, 25, 1:

domum quam tu jam exaedificatam habebas,

Cic. Att. 1, 6, 1.—

Like English now, by this time, already.

Alone:

jam advesperascebat,

Liv. 39, 50:

Hannibalem movisse ex hibernis, et jam Alpes transire,

id. 27, 39:

et jam fama volans... domos et moenia complet,

Verg. A. 11, 139; 12, 582; Caes. B. G. 1, 11; 6, 6:

jamque rubescebat Aurora,

Verg. A. 3, 521; 10, 260:

ut semel inclinavit pugna, jam intolerabilis Romana vis erat,

Liv. 6, 32:

cum decimum jam diem graviter ex intestinis laborarem,

Cic. Fam. 7, 26, 1.—

Strengthened.

Jam jamque, Verg. A. 8, 708.—

By tum, as early as that:

se jam tum gessisse pro cive,

Cic. Arch. 5, 11; Liv. 29, 1; Verg. 7, 738; Tac. Agr. 45.—

By tunc (post-Aug.;

once in Cic.),

Suet. Aug. 89; id. Ner. 7; Tac. H. 4, 50; Cic. Fam. 3, 12, 3 dub.—

Of a time succeeding another time referred to, from that time, thenceforth, thereafter (esp. with a or ab, when it is often = Eng. even, very):

qui aequom esse censent nos jam a pueris nasci senes,

Ter. Heaut. 2, 1, 2:

quae me maxime sicuti jam a prima adolescentia delectarunt,

Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 67:

benevolentia quae mihi jam a pueritia tua cognita est,

id. ib. 4, 7, 1:

dederas enim jam ab adolescentia documenta,

id. Mil. 8, 22: jam ab illo tempore, cum, etc., from the very time when, etc., id. Fam. 2, 16, 9; cf.:

urgerent philosophorum greges jam ab illo fonte et capite Socrate,

id. de Or. 1, 10, 42. —So with ex:

jam ex quo ipse accepisset regnum,

ever since, Liv. 42, 11, 8.—

Of future time.

In the time immediately approaching, forthwith, straightway, directly, presently:

occlude sis fores ambobus pessulis: jam ego hic ero,

Plaut. Aul. 1, 2, 25:

ille jam hic aderit,

id. Ep. 2, 2, 72: omitte;

jam adero,

Ter. Eun. 4, 6, 26; cf. id. ib. 4, 6, 1; id. And. 1, 2, 9; 4, 4, 38: bono animo es;

jam argentum ad eam deferes, quod ei es pollicitus,

id. Heaut. 4, 6, 18:

facere id ut paratum jam sit,

Plaut. As. 1, 1, 76:

jam fuerit, neque post unquam revocare licebit,

Lucr. 3, 927:

jam faciam quod voltis,

Hor. S. 1, 1, 16:

jam enim aderunt consules ad suas Nonas,

Cic. Att. 7, 20, 2.—

In the time immediately succeeding another time referred to, forthwith, at once, straightway, then:

nunc ubi me illic non videbit, jam huc recurret,

Ter. Ad. 4, 1, 10:

accede ad ignem... jam calesces,

id. Eun. 1, 2, 5:

nisi puerum tollis, jam ego hunc in mediam viam provolvam,

id. And. 4, 4, 38:

de quibus jam dicendi locus erit, cum de senioribus pauca dixero,

Cic. Brut. 25, 96:

agedum, dictatorem creemus. Jam hic centicescet furor,

Liv. 2, 29, 11:

aperi, inquit, jam scies,

Petr. 16, 2; cf. Verg. A. 1, 272.—

Representing as present an impending event, now, already, presently (mostly poet.):

jam te premet nox,

Hor. C. 1, 4, 16:

jam veniet mors, jam subrepet iners aetas,

Tib. 1, 1, 70:

jam mare turbari trabibus videbis, jam fervere litora flammis,

Verg. A. 4, 566; 6, 676:

alius Latio jam partus Achilles,

id. ib. 6, 89:

hic magnae jam locus urbis erit,

Tib. 2, 5, 55.—

With negatives, denoting cessation of previous condition: jam non, no more, no longer:

quem odisse jam non potestis,

Cic. Clu. 10, 29; Ov. M. 4, 382:

non jam,

not any more, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 1, 3:

nihil jam,

Caes. B. G. 2, 21.—

With comparatives:

ad mitiora jam ingenia,

which had become milder, Liv. 27. 39:

ad ferociores jam gentes,

which then were less civilized, id. 21, 60:

una jam potior sententia,

Stat. Th. 2, 368.

In other relations.

To denote that something will certainly, properly, or easily occur, under certain circumstances.

In a conclusion, to emphasize its relation to the condition, then surely, then:

si cogites, remittas jam me onerare injuriis,

Ter. And. 5, 1, 6: si quis voluerit animi sui [p. 1012] notionem evolvere, jam se ipse doceat, eum virum bonum esse, Cic. Off. 3, 19, 76:

si hoc dixissem, jam mihi consuli jure optimo senatus vim intulisset,

id. Cat. 1, 8, 21; id. Leg. 1, 12, 34; id. Brut. 17, 68:

si jubeat eo dirigi, jam in portu fore omnem classem,

Liv. 29, 27, 8.—

In a consequence, to show that it is conceived as immediate, now, then, therefore: satis est tibi in te, satis in legibus;

jam contemni non poteris,

Cic. Fin. 2, 26, 84:

jam hoc non potest in te non honorifice esse dictum,

id. Fam. 5, 2, 2; id. Leg. 2, 24, 60; id. Clu. 16, 46:

nec hanc solam Romani meretricem colunt... Jam quanta ista immortalitas putanda est,

Lact. 1, 20, 5:

Quae cum ita sint, ego jam hinc praedico,

Liv. 40, 36, 14: conspecta et ex muris ea multitudo erat;

jamque etiam legionariae cohortes sequebantur,

id. 10, 43, 1.—

In transitions.

To a new subject, now, moreover, again, once more then:

jam de artificiis et quaestibus... haec fere accepimus,

Cic. Off. 1, 42, 150; Verg. G. 2, 57:

jam jura legitima ex legibus cognosci oportebit,

Cic. Inv. 2, 22, 68:

jam illud senatus consultum, quod eo die factum est, etc.,

id. Fam. 5, 2, 4:

jam Saliare Numae carmen qui laudat,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 86. —So with vero:

jam vero motus animi, sollicitudines aegritudinesque oblivione leniuntur,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 38, 110:

jam vero virtuti Cn. Pompei quae potest par oratio inveniri?

id. de Imp. Pomp. 11, 29; 14, 41; id. Off. 3, 13 init. —With at enim:

at enim jam dicetis virtutem non posse constitui, si ea, etc.,

Cic. Fin. 4, 15, 40 init. —

In enumerations:

et aures... itemque nares... jam gustatus... tactus autem,

Cic. N. D. 2, 56, 141.—So sometimes repeatedly, at one time... at another... at another, jam... jam... jam:

jam medici, jam apparatus cibi, jam in hoc solum importatum instrumentum balinei nullius non succurrit valetudini,

Vell. 2, 114, 2; cf. Flor. 2, 17, 8, and I. A. 5. supra.—

For emphasis.

After non modo... sed ( = adeo), now, even, I may say:

non cum senatu modo, sed jam cum diis bellum gerere,

Liv. 21, 63, 6.—

Pressing the strict sense of a word or clause, now, precisely, indeed:

(Hieronymum) quem jam cur Peripateticum appellem, nescio,

Cic. Fin. 5, 5, 14:

hoc quidem haud molestum est jam, quod collus collari caret,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 107:

loquor enim jam non de sapientium, sed de communibus amicitiis,

Cic. Lael. 21, 77:

te quoque jam, Thais, ita me di bene ament, amo,

Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 43:

imitatio morum alienorum... jam inter leniores affectus numerari potest,

Quint. 9, 2, 58:

reliqua jam aequitatis sunt,

id. 7, 1, 62:

cetera jam fabulosa,

Tac. G. 46:

desine: jam venio moriturus,

Verg. A. 10, 881.—So esp. with et: et jam (cf. etiam), and indeed, and in fact, et lenitas illa Graecorum et verborum comprehensio, et jam artifex, ut ita dicam, stilus, Cic. Brut. 25, 96:

pulchriora etiam Polycleti et jam plane perfecta,

id. ib. 18, 70:

Pompeium et hortari et orare et jam liberius accusare non desistimus,

id. Fam. 1, 1, 3; Quint. Decl. 5, 3; Luc. 8, 659; cf.

jamque,

Cic. Fam. 4, 6, 9; so,

jam et: nec deerat Ptolemaeus, jam et sceleris instinctor,

Tac. H. 1, 23; 1, 22;

and, ac jam: ac jam, ut omnia contra opinionem acciderent, tamen se plurimum navibus posse,

Caes. B. G. 3, 9: jam ergo, in very fact:

jam ergo aliquis condemnavit,

Cic. Clu. 41, 113.—

In climax, even, indeed, really:

opus Paniceis, opus Placentinis quoque... jam maritumi omnes milites opus sunt mihi,

Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 59:

jam illa quae natura, non litteris, assecuti sunt, neque cum Graecia neque ulla cum gente sunt conferenda,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 1, 2:

jam in opere quis par Romano miles?

Liv. 9, 19, 8; Quint. 12, 1, 45; Cic. Rep. 1, 5; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 83.

jam-prīdem (and separat. jam prī-dem; v. jam and pridem), adv., long ago, long since, a long time ago:

id jam pridem sensi,

Plaut. Pseud. 1, 5, 7:

is jam pridem mortuus est,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 14, 42; id. Att. 11, 14, 4:

erat jam pridem apud me reliquum pauxillulum nummorum,

Ter. Phorm. 1, 1, 3:

jam pridem quidem, cum vultus inter vos minime fraternos cernebam,

Liv. 40, 8;

so opp. nondum,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 14, 35:

te nunc etiam,

Cic. Marc. 9, 28:

te nunc vero,

id. Att. 2, 7, 4.—

Esp., This long time, now for a long time, hitherto:

cupio equidem, et jam pridem cupio, etc.,

Cic. Att. 2, 5, 1:

jam pridem hanc prolem cupio enumerare meorum,

Verg. A. 6, 717; id. E. 2, 43:

nihil jam sum pridem admiratus magis,

Cic. Fam. 3, 11, 1:

qui bellum jam pridem parabat,

had long been preparing, Just. 12, 8, 2:

veritus ne traderetur Philippo, jam pridem hosti,

Liv. 36, 14; v. jam, I. A. 1. b., and pridem.

jam-prīdem (and separat. jam prī-dem; v. jam and pridem), adv., long ago, long since, a long time ago:

id jam pridem sensi,

Plaut. Pseud. 1, 5, 7:

is jam pridem mortuus est,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 14, 42; id. Att. 11, 14, 4:

erat jam pridem apud me reliquum pauxillulum nummorum,

Ter. Phorm. 1, 1, 3:

jam pridem quidem, cum vultus inter vos minime fraternos cernebam,

Liv. 40, 8;

so opp. nondum,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 14, 35:

te nunc etiam,

Cic. Marc. 9, 28:

te nunc vero,

id. Att. 2, 7, 4.—

Esp., This long time, now for a long time, hitherto:

cupio equidem, et jam pridem cupio, etc.,

Cic. Att. 2, 5, 1:

jam pridem hanc prolem cupio enumerare meorum,

Verg. A. 6, 717; id. E. 2, 43:

nihil jam sum pridem admiratus magis,

Cic. Fam. 3, 11, 1:

qui bellum jam pridem parabat,

had long been preparing, Just. 12, 8, 2:

veritus ne traderetur Philippo, jam pridem hosti,

Liv. 36, 14; v. jam, I. A. 1. b., and pridem.

usquĕ, adv. [us- for ubs-, from ubi with locative s; and que for qued, old abl. of quis; v. Corss. Ausspr. 2, 471; 838; cf.: quisque, usquam].

Lit., all the way to or from any limit of space, time, etc. (cf.: fine, tenus); of place, all the way, right on, without interruption, continuously, constantly.

With prepositions.

With ab:

qui a fundamento mihi usque movisti mare,

Plaut. Rud. 2, 6, 55:

usque a mari supero Romam proficisci,

Cic. Clu. 68, 192:

ex omnibus spectaculis usque a Capitolio plausus excitatus,

id. Sest. 58, 124:

usque a rubro mari,

Nep. Hann. 2, 1.— Poet.:

Dardaniam Siculo prospexit ab usque Pachyno,

Verg. A. 7, 289 (sometimes as one word, v. abusque).—

With ex:

usque ex ultimā Syriā atque Aegypto navigare,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 60, § 157. —

With ad:

usque a Dianio ad Sinopen navigaverunt,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 34, § 87:

ab imis unguibus usque ad verticem summum,

id. Rosc. Com. 7, 20:

usque ad Iconium,

id. Fam. 3, 8, 4:

ab Atticā ad Thessaliam usque,

Plin. 4, 12, 21, § 63:

usque ad Numantiam misit,

Cic. Dejot. 7, 19:

usque ad castra hostium accessit,

Caes. B. G. 1, 51 ( poet. and post-Aug. ad usque; often as one word, v. adusque).—

With in and acc.:

cum ad eum usque in Pamphyliam legatos misissent,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 35:

portūs usque in sinūs oppidis et ad urbis crepidines infusi,

id. Rep. 3, 31, 43.—

With trans:

trans Alpes usque transfertur,

Cic. Quint. 3, 12.—

With sub and acc.:

admōrunt oculis usque sub ora faces,

Ov. Ib. 240 (236).—

With adverbs of place:

quod eos usque istinc exauditos putem,

Cic. Att. 1, 14, 4.—

Esp., with quaque (less correctly as one word, usquequaque; v. II. A. 3. e. and II. B. 3. infra), everywhere: non usque quaque idoneum invenias locum, ubi, etc., Afran. ap. Non. p. 518, 6 (Com. Rel. v. 198 Rib.):

immo vero, quom usquequaque umbra'st, tamen Sol semper hic est,

Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 79:

mari terrāque illas usque quaque quaeritat,

id. Poen. prol. 105:

aut undique religionem tolle, aut usque quaque conserva,

Cic. Phil. 2, 43, 110:

effugere non est, Flacce, basiatores. Instant... occurrunt, et hinc et illinc, usquequaque, quacunque,

Mart. 11, 98, 3; cf.:

QVAQVE VSQVE,

Inscr. Grut. 611, 13.—

With acc. of the place whither, all the way to, as far as, to.

With names of towns (class.; acc. to Reisig. Vorles. p. 216, usque ad Numantiam means all the way to the town, i. e. to its walls or gates: usque Numantiam, all the way to or into it, implying entrance of the town; cf.

the passages cited infra): theatrum ita resonans, ut usque Romam significationes vocesque referantur,

Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 14, § 42:

Miletum usque? obsecro,

Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 21.—

With other names than those of towns (post-Aug.):

ab hac (sc. Siciliā) Cretam usque Siculum (mare) vocat,

Plin. 3, 5, 10, § 75:

imperium usque extremos Orientis terminos prolatum,

Just. 7, 1, 4:

terminos usque Libyae,

id. 1, 1, 5:

ab Atticā Thessaliam usque,

Plin. 4, 12, 21, § 63:

ab eo usque Jovem,

id. 2, 22, 20, § 84:

horrendus ab astris Descendit vos usque fragor,

Stat. Th. 11, 89.—

Meton.

Of time, all the time, continually, perpetually, all the while from or to a period, as long or as far as, until.

With prepositions.

With ab:

mihi magna cum eo jam inde usque a pueritiā Fuit semper familiaritas,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 9:

primus esses memoriter Progeniem nostram usque ab avo proferens,

id. Phorm. 2, 3, 48:

augures omnes usque a Romulo,

Cic. Vatin. 8, 20:

opinio jam usque ab heroicis ducta temporibus,

from as far back as the heroic ages, id. Div. 1, 1, 1:

usque a Thale Milesio,

id. N. D. 1, 33, 91:

bona paterna et avita et usque a nobis repetita,

id. Cael. 14, 34.—

With ad:

usque a mane ad vesperum,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 97:

a mane ad noctem usque in foro dego diem,

id. Most. 3, 1, 3:

inde usque ad diurnam stellam crastinam potabimus,

id. Men. 1, 2, 62; cf. Cic. Rep. 1, 16, 25:

ille nihil difficilius esse dicebat, quam amicitiam usque ad extremum vitae diem permanere,

id. Lael. 10, 33:

deinceps retro usque ad Romulum,

as far as, up to, id. Rep. 1, 37, 58.—

With acc. (post-Aug.):

paucae, aegre se defen dentes, usque tempora Alexandri Magni duraverunt,

Just. 2, 4, 32:

a rege Romulo usque Caesarem Augustum,

Flor. 1, prooem. 1 (al. usque in).—

With adverbs.

With inde:

pueritiae memoriam recordari ultimam, inde usque repetens, etc.,

Cic. Arch. 1, 1.—

With antehac:

ut animus in spe usque antehac attentus fuit, Ita, etc.,

Ter. And. 2, 1, 3.—

With adhuc:

quod occultatum'st usque adhuc nunc non potest,

Plaut. Aul. 2, 3, 10:

qui me tam leni passus animost usque adhuc facere, etc.,

Ter. And. 1, 5, 27:

cessatum usque adhuc est,

until now, hitherto, id. Ad. 4, 4, 23:

qui mos usque adhuc est retentus,

Cic. Rep. 2, 20, 35:

usque adhuc certe animum meum probastis,

Suet. Dom. 18; v. adhuc, II. A.—

With eo:

tamen usque eo se tenuit, quoad, etc.,

Cic. Dejot. 4, 11:

usque eo animadverti eum jocari,

id. Rosc. Am. 22, 60; v. 2. eo, II. C.—

With quaque, continually, always:

Chrusalus mihi usque quaque loquitur nec recte,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 83: usque quaque sapere oportet, Poët. ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 16, 1; so,

usque quaque,

Cat. 39, 2; Plin. Ep. 7, 20, 2; 1, 7, 5; Gell. 16, 3, 1:

usquequaque, de hoc cum dicemus,

whenever, Cic. Att. 4, 9, 1.—

Opp. nusquam: atque hoc non alienum est, quod ad multa pertineat, ne aut nusquam aut usquequaque dicatur, hic admonere,

Cic. Inv. 2, 21, 63.—

With dum:

usque dum regnum optinebit Juppiter,

Plaut. Men. 5, 1, 28: conplebo familiam adeo usque satietatem dum capiet pater, id. Am. 1, 2, 9:

usque id egi dudum, dum loquitur pater,

Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 30; Cato, R. R. 156:

mihi quidem usque curae erit, quid agas, dum, quid egeris, sciero,

Cic. Fam. 12, 19, 3; id. Verr. 2, 1, 5, § 12; 2, 1, 6, § 16; Hor. C. 3, 30, 7; cf. dum, I. B. 1. b. —

With interea:

nam usque dum ille vitam colet Inopem... Interea usque illi de me supplicium dabo,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 84 sqq.—

With donec:

ibo odorans quasi canis venaticus Usque donec persecutus volpem ero vestigiis,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 114. —

With quoad:

usque illum, quoad ei nuntiatum esset consules descendisse, omnibus exclusis commentatum, etc.,

Cic. Brut. 22, 87:

dandum ordeum, usque quoad erunt lactentes,

Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 12.—

With adeo:

usque adeo in periculo fuisse, quoad, etc.,

Cic. Sest. 38, 82; cf. Cato, R. R. 67:

instare usque adeo, donec se adjurat,

Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 40; id. Rud. 3, 5, 32: usque adeo, dum, C. Gracch. ap. Gell. 10, 3, 5; cf. Plaut. Am. 1, 2, 10 sub f. supra.—

With nunc (post-class.):

nunc usque,

to this day, Amm. 14, 2, 12:

usque nunc,

Hier. Ep. 3, 87.—

In other relations.

Of extent or degree, even to, quite up to, or as far as.

Absol.:

ego vapulando, ille verberando, usque ambo defessi sumus,

Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 5 Fleck. (al. verberando usque, ambo:

incerta est distinctio, Don. ad loc.): poenasque dedit usque superque (= usque eo quod satis esset),

Hor. S. 1, 2, 65.—

With ad:

usque ad ravim poscam,

Plaut. Aul. 2, 5, 10:

usque ad necem,

Ter. And. 1, 2, 28:

hoc malum usque ad bestias perveniat,

Cic. Rep. 1, 43, 67:

usque ad eum finem, dum, etc.,

id. Verr. 1, 6, 16; v. dum: assenserunt consules designati, omnes etiam consulares usque ad Pompeium, up to, i. e. except Pompey, Plin. Ep. 2, 11, 20.—

With adeo:

undique totis Usque adeo turbatur agris,

to so great an extent, Verg. E. 1, 12.—

With terminal adverbs:

Anco regi familiaris est factus (sc. L. Tarquinius) usque eo, ut, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 2, 20, 35; v. eo, under is fin.:

usque quo non vis subici mihi?

how long? Vulg. Exod. 10, 3; cf. quousque.—

Right on, always, without stop, continuously, constantly, incessantly: Ep. Ne abeas, priusquam ego ad te venero. Ap. Usque opperiar, Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 122:

Ctesipho me pugnis miserum Usque occidit,

Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 20:

an usque In nostrum jacies verba superba caput?

Prop. 2, 8, 16:

cantantes licet usque, minus via laedit, eamus,

Verg. E. 9, 64; cf.:

nec vidisse semel satis est, juvat usque morari,

id. A. 6, 487:

naturam expelles furcā, tamen usque recurret,

Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 24.—Repeated:

allatres licet usque nos et usque,

Mart. 5, 60, 1:

ergo, qui prius usque et usque et usque Furum scindere podices solebam,

Auct. Priap. 78.—

Esp.: usque quāque (less correctly as one word, usquequaque), in every thing, on every occasion:

nolite usque quaque idem quaerere,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 5, § 10:

an hoc usque quaque, aliter in vitā?

id. Fin. 5, 30, 91 Madv. ad loc.:

et id usquequaque quantum sit appareat,

in each particular, id. Or. 22, 73; Plin. Ep. 7, 12, 5:

religionum usque quaque contemptor, praeter unius Deae Syriae,

Suet. Ner. 56 init.