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101 ἰόμωρος
ἰό-μωρος (ϝιομ.): doubtful word, a disparaging epithet applied to the Greeks, Ἀργεῖοι ἰόμωροι, boasters. (Il.)A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > ἰόμωρος
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102 ἵππος
ἵππος: horse or mare; ἄρσενες ἵπποι, ‘stallions,’ Od. 13.81 ; θήλεες ἵπποι, ἵπποι θήλειαι, Ε 2, Il. 11.681; the Homeric Greeks did not ride horseback, but employed chariots; hence ἵπποι, oftener ἵππω, span, chariot, alone or w. ἅρμα, Il. 12.120; freq. ἵπποισιν καὶ ὄχεσφιν, Il. 12.114, 11; ἐξ or ἀφ' ἵππων ἀποβῆναι, Γ 2, Il. 5.13; of chariotmen as opposed to infantry, Od. 14.267, Il. 2.554, Il. 16.167, Il. 18.153.A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > ἵππος
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103 Κάλχᾶς
A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > Κάλχᾶς
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104 κῦδος
κῦδος, εος: glory, majesty, might; of persons, in address, μέγα κῦδος Ἀχαιῶν, ‘pride of the Greeks,’ Nestor and Odysseus, Il. 10.87, Od. 9.673.A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > κῦδος
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105 Μενέλᾶος
Μενέλᾶος: Menelāus, son of Atreus and brother of Agamemnon, the successful suitor of Helen. King in Lacedaemon, a brave and spirited warrior, but not of the warlike temperament that distinguishes others of the Greeks before Troy above him, Il. 17.18 ff. After the war he wanders eight years before reaching home, Od. 4.82 ff. Epithets, ἀρήιος, ἀρηίφιλος, διοτρεφής, δουρικλειτός, κυδάλιμος, ξανθός.A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > Μενέλᾶος
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106 νηῦς
νηῦς (νέ Od. 24.1), gen. νηός and νεός, dat. νηί, acc. νῆα and νέα, pl. νῆες, νέες, gen. νηῶν, νεῶν, ναῦφιν, dat. νηυσί, νήεσσι, νέεσσιν, ναῦφιν, acc. νῆας, νέας: ship, vessel. The parts of a ship, as named in Homer (see cut under ἔδαφος), are as follows: of the hull, τρόπις, πρῴρη, πρύμνη, ἐπηγκενίδες, πηδάλιον, οἰήια, ἱστός, ἱστοπέδη, ἱστοδόκη, ζυγά, κληῖδες, τροπός. Of the rigging, ἱστία, πείσματα, πόδες, ἐπίτονος, πρότονος. Oar, ἐρετμός, κώπη. Homer mentions ships of burden, φορτίδες, Od. 9.323; otherwise ships of war are meant. Pl., νῆες, the ships, often in the Iliad of the camp of the Greeks, which included νῆες and κλισίαι, Il. 2.688. (See plate IV., at end of volume.)— νῆάδε, to the ship, Od. 13.19.A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > νηῦς
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107 Νῖρεύς
A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > Νῖρεύς
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108 Ὀδίος
A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > Ὀδίος
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109 Πάνδαρος
A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > Πάνδαρος
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110 Πανέλληνες
Παν-έλληνες: the Panhellēnes, the united Greeks, Il. 2.530.A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > Πανέλληνες
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111 στρατός
στρατός ( στρώννῦμι), gen. στρατόφιν: army, host, Od. 2.30. In the Iliad στρατός is the encamped army of the Greeks before Troy, the 1186 ships, with streets throughout the camp, Il. 10.66. The tents or barracks stood parallel with the ships, and opposite the intervals between them, Il. 15.653 ff. At first the camp had no wall, the presence of Achilles rendering such defence needless, but after his withdrawal from warfare, by the advice of Nestor (Il. 7.436-441), a massive wall was built, with gates and towers, Il. 12.118-123.A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > στρατός
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112 τίθημι
τίθημι, τιθέω, τίθησθα, τίθησι and τιθεῖ, 3 pl. τιθεῖσι, ipf. (ἐ)τίθει, τίθεσαν, fut. inf. θησέμεναι, aor. ἔθηκα, θῆκε, θῆκαν, ἔθεσαν, θέσαν, subj. θείω, θείῃς ( θήῃς), θέωμεν, θείομεν, opt. θείην, θεῖμεν, θεῖεν, imp. θές, inf. θεῖναι, θέμεναι, mid. pres. part. τιθήμενος, fut. θήσομαι, aor. θήκατο, ἔθετο, θέτο, ἔθεσθε, θέσθε, opt. θεῖο, θεῖτο, imp. θέω, θέσθε: I. act., put, place, properly local, w. dat. of place or w. prep.; metaph., put into one's mind, inspire, suggest, μένος τινὶ ἐν θῦμῷ, θῦμόν τινι, βουλὴν ἐν στήθεσσιν, Od. 1.321, Il. 24.49, Ρ , Od. 11.146; similarly of ‘proposing,’ ‘offering’ prizes at games, ‘depositing,’ ‘setting up’ offerings in a temple, ‘determining’ the limit, end, or outcome of anything, Il. 23.263, Od. 12.347, Il. 23.333, Od. 8.465; make, cause (poetic for ποιεῖν), ὀρυμαγδὸν ἔθηκεν, Od. 9.235; κέλευθόν τινι, Il. 12.399; and forming a periphrasis, σκέδασιν θεῖναι (= σκεδάσαι), Od. 1.116 ; Ἀχαιοῖς ἄλγἐ ἔθηκεν, ‘caused,’ ‘gave rise to’ miseries for the Greeks, Il. 1.2; so w. double acc., τινὰ ἄλοχον θεῖναι, Τ 2, Od. 13.163.—II. mid., the above meanings subjectively applied, put or place for oneself, something of one's own, κολεῷ ἄορ, ἀμφὶ ὤμοισιν ἔντεα, Od. 10.34, 333; met., ἐν φρεσι τι, ‘take to heart,’ ‘consider,’ Od. 4.729 ; ἐλέγχεα ταῦτα τίθεσθε, ‘hold,’ ‘deem this a disgrace to yourselves,’ Od. 21.333; make or prepare for oneself, Il. 9.88, Il. 24.402; w. two accusatives, τινὰ θέσθαι γυναῖκα, φ , Il. 9.629.A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > τίθημι
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113 τιθέω
τίθημι, τιθέω, τίθησθα, τίθησι and τιθεῖ, 3 pl. τιθεῖσι, ipf. (ἐ)τίθει, τίθεσαν, fut. inf. θησέμεναι, aor. ἔθηκα, θῆκε, θῆκαν, ἔθεσαν, θέσαν, subj. θείω, θείῃς ( θήῃς), θέωμεν, θείομεν, opt. θείην, θεῖμεν, θεῖεν, imp. θές, inf. θεῖναι, θέμεναι, mid. pres. part. τιθήμενος, fut. θήσομαι, aor. θήκατο, ἔθετο, θέτο, ἔθεσθε, θέσθε, opt. θεῖο, θεῖτο, imp. θέω, θέσθε: I. act., put, place, properly local, w. dat. of place or w. prep.; metaph., put into one's mind, inspire, suggest, μένος τινὶ ἐν θῦμῷ, θῦμόν τινι, βουλὴν ἐν στήθεσσιν, Od. 1.321, Il. 24.49, Ρ , Od. 11.146; similarly of ‘proposing,’ ‘offering’ prizes at games, ‘depositing,’ ‘setting up’ offerings in a temple, ‘determining’ the limit, end, or outcome of anything, Il. 23.263, Od. 12.347, Il. 23.333, Od. 8.465; make, cause (poetic for ποιεῖν), ὀρυμαγδὸν ἔθηκεν, Od. 9.235; κέλευθόν τινι, Il. 12.399; and forming a periphrasis, σκέδασιν θεῖναι (= σκεδάσαι), Od. 1.116 ; Ἀχαιοῖς ἄλγἐ ἔθηκεν, ‘caused,’ ‘gave rise to’ miseries for the Greeks, Il. 1.2; so w. double acc., τινὰ ἄλοχον θεῖναι, Τ 2, Od. 13.163.—II. mid., the above meanings subjectively applied, put or place for oneself, something of one's own, κολεῷ ἄορ, ἀμφὶ ὤμοισιν ἔντεα, Od. 10.34, 333; met., ἐν φρεσι τι, ‘take to heart,’ ‘consider,’ Od. 4.729 ; ἐλέγχεα ταῦτα τίθεσθε, ‘hold,’ ‘deem this a disgrace to yourselves,’ Od. 21.333; make or prepare for oneself, Il. 9.88, Il. 24.402; w. two accusatives, τινὰ θέσθαι γυναῖκα, φ , Il. 9.629.A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > τιθέω
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114 Φιλοκτήτης
Φιλοκτήτης: Philoctētes, son of Poeas, from Meliboea in Thessaly. A famous archer, he possessed the bow and arrows of Heracles, without which Troy could not be taken. On the way to Troy he was bitten by a serpent in the island of Chryse, near Lemnos, and the Greeks left him behind sick in Lemnos, Il. 2.718, , γ 1, Od. 8.219.A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > Φιλοκτήτης
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115 γωρυτός
Grammatical information: m. (f.)Meaning: `quiver, which also was a bow-case' (φ 54).Other forms: Hesychius' χωρυτός will be due to ancient etymology, as appears from Ap. Soph. ( παρὰ τὸ... χωρεῖν). γορυτός H. may be just a mistake.Origin: LW [a loanword which is (probably) not of Pre-Greek origin] Iran.Etymology: Acc. to Benveniste Mélanges Boisacq 1, 42ff. a Scythian LW [loanword] (cf. on τόξον), containing the old word for `cow' (s. βοῦς), iran. Γω- in Γω-βάρης etc., and an unknown second member, perh. to NPers. rūda `intestine'; B. makes of this `cow-hide' and from there something made of leather, but this is not allowed. Cf. Morgenstierne KZ 61, 29f. As another meaning than `cow- hide' seems hardly possible, the first element is prob. not `cow-'. - Lubotsky suggests to me that it may come from *varūtra- `something that protects' (Skt. varūtar-). v- often becomes g- in later Iranian; the pronunciation may already have resembled g(w)- for the Greeks; - va- \> ō is trivial; note that this etym. explains the long u.Page in Frisk: 1,337Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > γωρυτός
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116 ἑκατηβελέτης
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: surname of Apollon (Α 75, Hes. Sc. 100, h. Ap. 157; always in gen. -έτᾱο);Other forms: after it ἑκατηβελέτις ( Theol. Ar.).Origin: GR [a formation built with Greek elements]Etymology: Either from βάλλω (s. v.) or (better) for *ἑκατη-βελής with enlarging - της as in αἰει-γενέτης for *αἰει-γενής etc. after ἀκαλα-ρρεϜέ-της (\> ἀκαλαρρείτης), νεφελ-ηγερέ-τα etc., cf. Schwyzer 451f. A compound with βάλλω is in any case the synonymous ἑκατη-βόλος, Dor. -ᾱ- (Il.). Already by the ancients compared with ἑκη-βόλος and interpreted as `hitting from afar' or as `with hundred shots' explained. Against the latter, which was proposed by Wackernagel IF 45, 314ff. (= Kl. Schr. 2, 1254ff.) (he translated: `hundreds hitting'), must be objected, that one would expect as 1. member ἑκατομ-, cf. the old word ἑκατόμ-βη. The attractive connection with ἑκη-βόλος suggests that ἑκατη-βελέτης, - βόλος are metrically lengthened "Streckformen", perh. adapted to ἑκατόν. ἑκατη-βόλος could be a cross of ἑκη-βόλος and Apollons epithet Ε῝κατος (Il.) (cf. z. B. Ἴφι-τος for Ίφι-κράτης, - κλῆς a. o.). (Wrong Bechtel Lex. s. v.) - After v. Wilamowitz Glaube 1, 325 Ε῝κατος, Έκάτη are from an Anatolian language and by the Greeks adapted to ἑκατηβόλος, ἑκηβόλος; but ἑκά-εργος is certainly Greek. - Further Schwyzer 439 n. 8, and Kretschmer Glotta 18, 235f.Page in Frisk: 1,474Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἑκατηβελέτης
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117 ἐλεύθερος
Grammatical information: adj.Dialectal forms: Myc. ereutero \/ eleutheros\/.Compounds: rarely as 1. member, e. g. ἐλευθερό-στομος `with free mouth' (A.); as 2. member a. o. in ἀπ-ελεύθερος `freedman' (Att.), mostly taken as postverbal to ἀπ-ελευθερόω `make free, make freedman' (Pl., Arist.), Schwyzer 421, Strömberg Greek Prefix Studies 39f. m. Lit.Derivatives: ἐλευθερία `freedom' (Pi.) with ἐλευθεριωτικός `proclaiming freedom' (Him.); denomin. verbs: ἐλευθερόω `make free' (Ion.-Att.) with ἐλευθέρ-ωσις, - ωμα, - ωτής; ἐλευθερεσθείς (Thess., Schwyzer 736 w. lit.); ἐλευθέριος `as a free man' (Ion.-Att.), also as surname of Zeus (Pi., Hdt., because of the victory on the Persians) with Έλευθεριών month name (Halikarnassos); ἐλευθεριότης `frankness, liberality' (Pl.) and the denomin. ἐλευθεριάζω `speak and act as a free man' (Pl.); ἐλευθερικός `belonging to a free man' (Pl. Lg. 701e beside δεσποτικός; 919e beside the bahuvrihi ἀν-ελεύθερος; cf. Chantraine Études sur le vocab. gr. 146). Cret. ἐλούθερος with sec. voalism (Schwyzer 194)..Etymology: Old adjective, also in: Lat. līber, - era, also as gods name = Venet. Louzera, Pelign. loufir, Osc. (Iúveis) Lúvfreis = ( Iovis) Līberī; cf. Falisc. lōferta = līberta, OLat. loebertāt-em = Falisk. loifirtat-o; uncertain Toch. A lyutāri `the upper (men), overseer?' (Duchesne-Guillemin BSL 41, 181). - One starts from an old word for `people', which is found elsewhere, in Germanic and Balto-Slavic: OHG liut `people', pl. liuti `people', OE lēod `people', Lith. liáudis `lower people', Csl., Russ. ljudъ `people', OCS ljúdьje, Russ. ljúdi pl. `men, people'; IE * h₁leudh-o-, -i-; from there also Burgund. leudis `a free man', OCS ORuss. ljudinъ `free man'; ἐλεύθερος, līber (\< IE * h₁leudh-ero-s), so prop. `belonging to the people', as opposed to the subjected peoples. - Against Altheims idea (s. W.-Hofmann s. 3. Līber), the Ital. Līber came through Oscan from the Greeks (: Ζεὺς Έλευθέριος, Διόνυσος Έλευθερεύς; s. above), see v. Wilamowitz Glaube 2, 334 n. 2, also Pisani Ist. Lomb. 89 (1956) 17f., who points to Venet. Louzera, which shows that the god was original in Italy (see Krahe Das Venetische 24). - Rich litt. in W.-Hofmann s. 2. līber, 3. Līber and līberī, Fraenkel Lit. et. Wb. s. liáudis, Vasmer Russ. et. Wb. s. ljúd. - See also ἐλεύσομαι. The laryngeal is seen in Skt. vī-rudh- `plant', anū-rudh- (Mayrh. EWAia 2, 467ff.) - Of forein origin but perh. reshaped after ἐλεύθερος and with oppositive accent the PlaceN Έλευθεραί, from which Έλευθερεύς as surname of Dionysos; cf. on Εἰλείθυια and Έλευίς. - On the meaning Benveniste, Institutions 1. 321ff.Page in Frisk: 1,491Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἐλεύθερος
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118 θάλασσα
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `sea' (Il.).Dialectal forms: Att. θάλαττα, Lat Cretan θάλαθθα (Buck, Gr. Diall. $ 81b), Lac. in σαλασσο-μέδοισα Alc. 84.Compounds: Several compp., e. g. θαλασσο-κράτωρ (Hdt., Th.), ἀμφι-θάλασσος `surrounded by the sea' (Pi.; Bahuvrihi); often in hypostases, mostly with - ιος (- ίδιος), e. g. ἐπι-, παρα-θαλάσσιος, - ίδιος (IA).Derivatives: θαλάσσιος `belonging to the sea, maritime' (Hom.), - ία f. - ιον n. as plant name (Dsc.; Strömberg Pflanzennamen 114), θαλασσ-ίδιος (Hdt.), - αῖος (Simon., Pi.) `id.', θαλασσώδης `sea-like' (Hanno Peripl.), θαλασσερός m. `kind of eye-salve' (Gal.); θαλασσίτης ( οἶνος Plin.; Redard Les noms grecs en - της 96). Denominatives: θαλασσ-εύω `be in the sea' (Th.), - όομαι, - όω `be filled by water from the sea, change into sea' (Arist., hell.) with θαλάσσωσις `inundation' (Thphr., Ph.), - ίζω `be like water from the sea, wash in water of the sea' (Ath., pap.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: For the notion sea, the Greeks used for the old word, limited to Italo-Celtic, Germanic, Balto-Slavic mare - Meer etc. partly old words with a new meaning, ἅλς, prop. `salt', πόντος, prop. `path', partly made others with IE elements like Greek πέλαγος. To θάλασσα belongs Maced. (?) δαλάγχαν θάλασσαν H. the attempts to explain it are doubtful: v. Windekens Beitr. z. Namenforschung 1, 200f., id. Le Pélasgique 89, Autran REIE 2, 17ff., Buck Class. Studies pres. to E. Capps (s. Idg. Jb. 22, 220), Battisti Studi etr. 16, 369ff., Pisani Rend. Acc. Lincei 7, 67ff., Vey BSL 51, 80ff., Steinhauser Μνήμης χάριν 2, 152ff. Acc. to Lesky Hermes 78, 258ff. θάλασσα was originally a foreign word for `salt water' and in this was replaced by synonymous IE ἅλς. Fur. 195 notes that it is not certain that δαλάγχαν is Macedonian (Kalléris does not give it). The word, with a prenasalized variant, is typically Pre-Greek. Furnée further connects σάλος, ζάλος, which seems possible but remains uncertain.Page in Frisk: 1,648-649Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > θάλασσα
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119 κηφήν
κηφήν, - ῆνοςGrammatical information: m.Meaning: `drone', often metaphor. `lazy vagabond' (Hes.), also by the Anatolian Greeks used for the Asiatic peoples, e. g. the Persians (Hdt. 7, 61), as Russ. etc. Némĭci "the Dumb" as name for the Germans.Other forms: καφάν H.Derivatives: Diminutivum κηφήνιον (Arist.) and κηφηνώδης `drone-like' (Pl.). - Further Κηφεύς (Hdt.) and several other short names as Κῆφις, Κᾶφις, Κάφων, Καφώ, s. Solmsen Wortforsch. 123f.; diff. Bechtel Lex. s. κεκαφηώς.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Substantivization in - ήν, - άν of an adjective *κηφός, *κᾱφός? This may also be the basis of the PN Κηφεύς (wrong Bosshardt Die Nom. auf - ευς 133f.) and with ablaut to κωφός `dumb, deaf' ( keh₂bh-, * koh₂bh-)? Further analysis and connection uncertain; cf. on κεκαφηότα. - Lat. hebes `dumb' cannot belong here because of the vocalism (IE. ĕ against ā, ō in καφάν, κωφός), unless one separates Κᾶφις etc. and considers καφάν as a false Dorisation. Older combinations in Bq. I think there is no reason to do so (Chantr.notes that ā\/ōis rare in Greek) and rather thinks that the insect name is a Pre-Greek word. Note that a word in -ᾱν is rare.Page in Frisk: 1,847Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κηφήν
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120 κράββατος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `couch, mattras' (Rhinth., Criton Com., Arr.).Other forms: κράβαττος, κράβατος, also - ακτος, - ον (from ` reversed writing'?, Schwyzer 317 n. 1).Derivatives: Diminut.: κραβάτιον (Arr., - άκτιον pap. V--VIp), κρεβαττάριον (Ed. Diocl.), NGr. κρεββάτι. Adj. κραβακτήριος (pap. VIp).Origin: LW [a loanword which is (probably) not of Pre-Greek origin] Maced.Etymology: Unclear κραβάτριος, perh. `chamberlain'? ( IPE 2, 297). Cf. Lat. grabātus (- attus), after Kretschmer Festschr. Bezzenberger 91 ff. Maced.-Illyr. from a word for `oak', *γράβος, which is seen in γράβιον (s. v.), which Fur. 126 n. 41 calls semant. arbitrary. On anl. κ- for γ- Schwyzer ZII 6, 242. Further Kramer, Arch. f. Pap. 45 (1995) 205-216; the word would have been adopted independently by Greeks and Romans (thus Fur. ib.). Hardly to γάβαθον, Fur. 352.Page in Frisk: 2,1Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κράββατος
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