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gladiatorium

  • 1 gladiatorium

    glădĭātōrĭus, a, um, adj. [gladiator], of or belonging to gladiators, gladiatorial.
    I.
    Adj.:

    ludus,

    Cic. Cat. 2, 5, 9:

    certamen,

    id. de Or. 2, 78, 317: familia, a band or troop of gladiators, id. Sest. 64, 134; Caes. B. C. 3, 21, 4; Sall. C. 30, 7:

    munus,

    Suet. Caes. 10; 39; id. Tib. 7; 37; 40; id. Calig. 18; 26 et saep.:

    consessus,

    spectators assembled at gladiatorial shows, Cic. Sest. 58, 124; cf.

    locus,

    a place for witnessing the same, id. Mur. 35, 73:

    gladiatoria corporis firmitas,

    id. Phil. 2, 25, 63:

    animus,

    i. e. desperate, Ter. Phorm. 5, 7, 71:

    ad munus gladiatorium edendum,

    Liv. 28, 21, 1:

    spectaculum,

    id. ib. § 2; Tac. A. 14, 17:

    Venus, i. e. clinopale, concubitus,

    App. M. 2, p. 121.—
    II.
    Subst.: glădĭātōrĭum, ii, n. (sc. praemium, auctoramentum), the hire or pay of gladiators, for which freemen engaged as gladiators in the public games:

    gladiatorio accepto decem talentis,

    Liv. 44, 31 fin.— Adv.: glădĭātōrĭe, in the manner of a gladiator:

    quae gladiatorie, quae lenonice faceret,

    Lampr. Comm. 15, § 4.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > gladiatorium

  • 2 gladiatorius

    glădĭātōrĭus, a, um, adj. [gladiator], of or belonging to gladiators, gladiatorial.
    I.
    Adj.:

    ludus,

    Cic. Cat. 2, 5, 9:

    certamen,

    id. de Or. 2, 78, 317: familia, a band or troop of gladiators, id. Sest. 64, 134; Caes. B. C. 3, 21, 4; Sall. C. 30, 7:

    munus,

    Suet. Caes. 10; 39; id. Tib. 7; 37; 40; id. Calig. 18; 26 et saep.:

    consessus,

    spectators assembled at gladiatorial shows, Cic. Sest. 58, 124; cf.

    locus,

    a place for witnessing the same, id. Mur. 35, 73:

    gladiatoria corporis firmitas,

    id. Phil. 2, 25, 63:

    animus,

    i. e. desperate, Ter. Phorm. 5, 7, 71:

    ad munus gladiatorium edendum,

    Liv. 28, 21, 1:

    spectaculum,

    id. ib. § 2; Tac. A. 14, 17:

    Venus, i. e. clinopale, concubitus,

    App. M. 2, p. 121.—
    II.
    Subst.: glădĭātōrĭum, ii, n. (sc. praemium, auctoramentum), the hire or pay of gladiators, for which freemen engaged as gladiators in the public games:

    gladiatorio accepto decem talentis,

    Liv. 44, 31 fin.— Adv.: glădĭātōrĭe, in the manner of a gladiator:

    quae gladiatorie, quae lenonice faceret,

    Lampr. Comm. 15, § 4.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > gladiatorius

  • 3 certāmen

        certāmen inis, n    [certo], a decisive contest, measuring of forces, struggle, strife, dispute, dissension, rivalry, competition: inter clarissimos duces: de urbis possessione: cum alqo: regni, L.: nostrum: certamina domi finita, civil dissensions, L.: inter mortalīs vine an virtute, etc., S.: certamina divitiarum, H. — A battle, fight, struggle, combat, engagement: ubi res ad certamen venit, S.: in certamine ipso, L.: medio in certamine, V.: ita vario certamine pugnatum est, such were the changing aspects of the battle, Cs.: humanum, between men, L.: pari certamine geri, with equal numbers, Cs.: pugnae, O.: navale, V.: non temptato certamine, L.: me in certamina poscere, challenge, V. — A trial, race, match, contest, struggle: gladiatorium: Instituit celebri certamine ludos, O.: celebrata sancto certamina patri, V.: cursūs, O.: equus certamine primus, H.: ponam certamina classis, make a match, V.: Velocis iaculi certamina ponit, V.—Meton., rivalry, competition, emulation, ambition, zeal: honoris et gloriae: pugna mediocri certamine commissa: olli certamine summo Procumbunt, V.: magni certaminis dimicatio, L.— A prize: tanti certaminis heres, O.
    * * *
    contest, competition; battle, combat, struggle; rivalry; (matter in) dispute

    Latin-English dictionary > certāmen

  • 4 dē-cernō

        dē-cernō crēvī    (often decrēram, decrērim, etc.), crētus, ere.—Officially, to decide, determine, pronounce a decision, judge, decree, resolve, vote: inter quos iam decreverat decretumque mutabat, alias, etc.: si caedes facta, īdem (Druides) decernunt, i. e. pass judgment, Cs.: non decrevi solum, sed etiam ut vos decerneretis laboravi: qui ordo decrevit invitus, on compulsion: dierum viginti supplicationem, Cs.: vindicias secundum servitutem, in favor of slavery, i. e. restore the slave to his master, L.: triumphum Africano: praemium servo libertatem, S.: tres legatos: id quod senatus me auctore decrevit: provinciae privatis decernuntur, Cs.: meā diligentiā patefactam esse coniurationem decrevistis: supplicium sumendum decreverat, had voted, S.: senatus Romae decrevit, ut, etc., L.: mea sententia tibi decernit, ut regem reducas, etc.: senatus decrevit, darent operam consules, ut, etc., S.: ita censeo decernendum: acerbissime decernitur, Cs.: in parricidas rei p. decretum esse, S.: libere decernendi potestas, of voting freely, Cs.—In gen., to decide, determine, judge, fix, settle: rem dubiam decrevit vox opportune emissa, L.: utri utris imperent, sine magnā clade, L.: Duo talenta pro re nostrā ego esse decrevi satis, T.: in quo omnia mea posita esse decrevi: mihi decretum est, with acc. and inf, I am fully convinced, Ta.: alqm hostem, to proclaim an enemy: omnibus quae postulaverat decretis, S.: pauci ferocius decernunt, insist on harsher measures, S.—Of battle, to decide by combat, fight out, fight, combat, contend: Samnis Romanusne Italiam regant, decernamus, L.: gladiatorium certamen ferro decernitur: ne armis decernatur: cornibus inter se, V.: acie, L.: classe decreturi, N.: integriore exercitu, N.: lacessere ad decernendum, L. — In gen., to contend, compete, struggle: decernite criminibus, mox ferro decreturi, L.: cursibus et crudo caestu, V.: de salute rei p.: pro meā famā.—To decide, determine, form a purpose, resolve: num quis quicquam decernit invitus?: Rhenum transire decreverat, Cs.: decretumst pati, T.: certum atque decretum est non dare signum, L.: aetatem a rei p. procul habendam, S.: praetoris imperio parendum esse: hic decernit ut miser sit: quā suis opem ferrent, L.

    Latin-English dictionary > dē-cernō

  • 5 ē-dō

        ē-dō didī, ditus, ere,    to give out, put forth, bring forth, raise, set up: animam, i. e. die: vitam, to end: spiritum: clamorem, utter: voces: questūs, O.: Maeander in sinum maris editur, discharges, L.: ordo editus in altum.—To bring forth, give birth to, bear, produce, beget: partum: quem partu edidit, V.: geminos, O.: Electram Atlas Edidit, V.—P. pass.: in lucem, C. poët.: partu, O.: de flumine, O.: Maecenas atavis regibus, H. —To produce: (tellus) Edidit species, O.: utrum alios terra ediderit, L.—To put forth, publish: de re p. libros: delere licebit Quod non edideris, H. —To set forth, publish, relate, tell, utter, announce, declare, disclose: quid in magistratu gesserint: carmen post rem actam editum, L.: hominis nomen, H.: veros ortūs, O.: mea fata tibi, O.: oraculum: haec ex oraculo edita tibi: illum iactum per inane, O.: auctorem doctrinae falso Pythagoran, L.: (hunc) filium ediderim, am inclined to call him, L.: opinio in volgus edita, spread abroad, Cs.: in volgus edit, profectum, etc., N.: editis hostium consiliis, divulged, L.—To give out, promulgate, proclaim, ordain: verba: iudicium: mandata edita, L.: quid fieri vellet, L.—To designate, name: hostiae, quibus editum est diis, caesae, L.: iudices editi (cf. editicii): sibi eum edidit socium. —To bring forth, show, display, produce, perform, bring about, cause, inflict: oves nullum fructum edere possent: contemptus hostis cruentum certamen edidit, L.: ingentem caedem, L.: trepidationis aliquantum, L.: facinus, perpetrate: (scelus) in me: munus gladiatorium, exhibit, L.: exemplum severitatis: in te exempla, make an example of you, T.: in eos omnia exempla cruciatūsque, Cs.

    Latin-English dictionary > ē-dō

  • 6 gladiātōrius

        gladiātōrius adj.    [gladiator], of gladiators, gladiatorial: ludus: pugnae: familia, a band of gladiators: munus, L.: consessus, spectators at a show of gladiators: locus, a seat in the show: corporis firmitas: animus, i. e. desperate, T.—As subst n. (sc. auctoramentum), the hire of a gladiator, L.
    * * *
    gladiatoria, gladiatorium ADJ

    Latin-English dictionary > gladiātōrius

  • 7 considero

    con-sīdĕro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [acc. to Corss. Nachtr. p. 43, from sidus, prop. to observe the stars; and so Paul. ex Fest. p. 42, 4, and 75, 8 Müll.; cf. desidero], to look at closely, attentively, carefully, to inspect, examine (class. in prose and poetry, esp. in the trop. signif.).
    I.
    Lit.:

    contemplari unum quidque otiose et considerare coepit,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 15, § 33:

    candelabrum etiam atque etiam,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 28, §

    65: argentum (with contemplari),

    id. ib. 2, 4, 15, §

    33: opus (pictorum),

    id. Off. 1, 41, 147:

    aliquem,

    Sall. C. 58, 18:

    pallium diligentius,

    Petr. 12, 3; cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 27, § 63:

    feminas diligenter ac lente mercantium more,

    Suet. Calig. 36:

    formam, quā ludum gladiatorium erat aedificaturus,

    id. Caes. 31:

    lucentia sidera,

    Gell. 2, 21, 2:

    spatium,

    Ov. M. 3, 95 al. —
    (β).
    With acc. and inf. as object, to observe, perceive (very rare):

    cum folia decidere considerassent (corresp. with videre and animadvertere),

    Col. 11, 2, 67.—
    (γ).
    With a rel.-clause:

    num tamen exciderit ferrum considerat, hastae,

    Ov. M. 12, 105.—
    II.
    Trop., to consider maturely, to reflect, contemplate, meditate; constr. with the acc., with de, a rel.-clause, ut, or absol.
    (α).
    With acc.:

    mecum in animo vitam tuam,

    Ter. Heaut. 2, 4, 5; so,

    eos casus mecum ipse,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 1, 3:

    reliquum est, quod ipsae optime considerabitis, vestri similes feminae sintne Romae,

    id. Fam. 14, 14, 1:

    res atque pericula nostra,

    Sall. C. 52, 2:

    simul ipse qui suadet considerandus est,

    Tac. H. 2, 76.— With ex:

    Rosciorum factum ex ipsius Chrysogoni judicio,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 37, 108. —With aliquid ex aliquā re:

    aliquid ex se et ex suā naturā,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 10, 14; 2, 58, 176.—
    (β).
    With de:

    cum de me ipso ac de meis te considerare velim,

    Cic. Att. 7, 13, 3:

    his de rebus velim cum Pomponio consideretis,

    id. ib. 14, 14, 2:

    de quā (intercessione) isti ipsi considerabunt,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 19, 58:

    de totā re,

    id. Att. 12, 24, 1.— Impers.:

    quale sit id, de quo consideretur,

    inquiry is made, Cic. Off. 3, 4, 18.—
    (γ).
    With rel.-clause:

    considerate cum vestris animis vosmet ipsi, ecquem putetis, etc.,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 12, § 29:

    sed velim consideres, quid faciendum putes,

    id. Att. 7, 13, 3; id. Verr. 2, 5, 68, § 174; Liv. 45, 12, 5:

    consideres quid agas, quo progrediare, quem hominem et quā ratione defendas,

    Cic. Verr 2, 5, 68, § 174; Sall. C. 20, 6; 44, 5; Quint. 8, 3, 15; 3, 8, 51 al.: finitimos hostes an amicos velis esse considera, Curt. 7, 8, 30.—So impers.:

    in quā (parte) quid juris sit consideratur,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 11, 14.—
    (δ).
    With ut or ne, to take care, to be considerate (rare):

    considerandum erit, ut solum pingue sit,

    Col. 2, 2, 17; so,

    ut lunā crescente id fiat,

    id. 8, 5, 9.— Impers.:

    considerandum est, ne aut temere desperet, etc.,

    Cic. Off. 1, 21, 73.—
    (ε).
    Absol.:

    ille se considerare velle (ait),

    Cic. Fam. 10, 16, 1.—Hence,
    A.
    con-sīdĕranter, adv. (of the P. a. considerans. which is not used), = considerate, in a deliberate, considerate manner (post-Aug. and rare):

    agere,

    Val. Max. 8, 1, Ambust. 2:

    cuneum deponere,

    Pall. Febr. 17, 2.— Comp. considerantius, acc. to Fronto, p. 2194 P., but without voucher.— Sup. not in use.—
    B.
    consīdĕrātus, a, um, P. a., in acc. with 11., maturely reflected upon, considerate, circumspect, cautious, etc. (in good prose; most freq. in Cic.; not in Quint.).
    1.
    Of things:

    verbum consideratissimum, arbitror,

    Cic. Font. 9, 19 (v. arbitror, II.):

    considerata atque provisa via vivendi,

    id. Par. 5, 1, 34; cf.:

    considerata (et diligens) excogitatio faciendi aliquid aut non faciendi,

    id. Inv. 2, 5, 18:

    nihil,

    id. Har. Resp. 2, 3:

    factum,

    id. Sull. 26, 72:

    ratio,

    id. Inv. 2, 54, 164:

    tarditas,

    id. Brut. 42, 154: facilitas parum considerata, Cod. Th. 8, 5, 19.— Comp.:

    consilium,

    Cic. Att. 9, 2, a, 2.—
    2.
    Transf., as in Engl., to the person:

    homo,

    Cic. Caecin. 1, 1; id. Quint. 3, 11:

    consideratus ac sapiens,

    Plin. Pan. 44, 5:

    tardum pro considerato vocent,

    Liv. 22, 39, 20.— Comp.: consideratior factus Caesar (with tardior), Auct. B. Afr. 73; cf.:

    unā in re paulo minus consideratus,

    Cic. Quint. 3, 11.— Adv.: consīdĕrātē, considerately:

    fieri,

    Cic. Quint. 16, 51; id. Off. 1, 38, 136:

    agere,

    id. ib. 1, 27, 94 al.— Comp., Att. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 10, 9; Liv. 4, 45, 8; Suet. Caes. 77.— Sup., Cic. Att. 9, 10, 2.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > considero

  • 8 edo

    1.
    ĕdo, ēdi, ēsum, 3 ( sup.:

    esum,

    Plaut. Curc. 2, 1, 13; id. Men. 3, 1, 11; id. Stich. 1, 3, 28:

    esu,

    id. Ps. 3, 2, 35.—The contr. forms es, est, estis, etc., are very freq. in prose and poetry:

    est,

    Verg. A. 4, 66; 5, 683; Hor. S. 2, 2, 57:

    esset,

    id. ib. 2, 6, 89; Verg. G. 1, 151:

    esse,

    Quint. 11, 3, 136; Juv. 15, 102:

    esto,

    Cato R. R. 156, 1.—Hence, also in the pass.:

    estur,

    Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 78; id. Poen. 4, 2, 13; Cels. 27, 3; Ov. Pont. 1, 1, 69; and:

    essetur,

    Varr. L. L. 5, § 106 Müll.—Archaic forms of the subj. praes.:

    edim,

    Plaut. Aul. 3, 2, 16; id. Trin. 2, 4, 73; 74; Caecil. and Pompon. ap. Non. 507, 7:

    edis,

    Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 45; id. Trin. 2, 4, 72:

    edit,

    Cato R. R. 1, 56, 6; 1, 57, 9 sq.; Plaut. Capt. 3, 1, 1; 3; id. Aul. 4, 6, 6; id. Poen. prol. 9; Hor. Epod. 3, 3; id. S. 2, 8, 90:

    edimus,

    Plaut. Poen. 3, 1, 34:

    editis, Nov. ap. Non. l. l.: edint,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 7, 22), v. a. [Sanscr. ad-mi, eat; Gr. ed-ô, esthiô; Lat. edax, esca, esurio, etc.; cf. also Gr. odous, odont- Aeol. plur. edontes, dens], to eat (for syn. cf.: comedo, vescor, pascor, devoro, haurio, mando, ceno, epulor).
    I.
    Lit.: ille ipse astat, quando edit, Naev. ap. Prisc. p. 893; cf.

    so uncontr.,

    Cic. Att. 13, 52:

    miserrimus est, qui cum esse cupit, quod edit non habet,

    Plaut. Capt. 3, 1, 3:

    ut de symbolis essemus,

    Ter. Eun. 3, 4, 2:

    mergi eos (sc. pullos) in aquam jussit, ut biberent, quoniam esse nollent,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 3, 7 et saep.—
    2.
    Prov.
    a.
    Multos modios salis simul edisse, to have eaten bushels of salt with another, i. e. to be old friends, Cic. Lael. 19.—
    b.
    De patella, i. e. to show contempt for religion (v. patella), Cic. Fin. 2, 7 fin. —
    c.
    Pugnos, to taste one's fists, i. e. to get a good drubbing, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 153.—
    B.
    Transf.
    1.
    Bona, to squander, dissipate, Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 29.—
    2.
    Of inanimate subjects, qs. to eat up, i. e. to consume, destroy ( poet.):

    ut mala culmos Esset robigo,

    Verg. G. 1, 151:

    carinas lentus vapor (i. e. flamma),

    id. A. 5, 683:

    corpora virus,

    Ov. Ib. 608 al. —
    II.
    Trop., to corrode, consume, devour (almost exclusively poet.):

    si quid est animum,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 39; cf.:

    nimium libenter edi sermonem tuum,

    have devoured, Plaut. Aul. 3, 6, 1:

    nec te tantus edat tacitam dolor,

    Verg. A. 12, 801:

    nec edunt oblivia laudem,

    Sil. 13, 665 et saep.
    2.
    ē-do, dĭdi, dĭtum, 3, v. a., to give out, put forth, bring forth (freq. and class.).
    I.
    In gen.:

    foras per os est editus aër,

    Lucr. 3, 122; cf.:

    sputa per fauces tussi,

    id. 6, 1189:

    urinam,

    Plin. 28, 4, 7, § 38; cf.

    stercus,

    Col. 2, 14: animam, to breathe out, i. e. to die, expire, Cic. Sest. 38, 83; Ov. H. 9, 62; cf.:

    extremum vitae spiritum,

    Cic. Phil. 12, 9:

    vitam,

    id. Fin. 5, 2, 4; id. Planc. 37, 90:

    clamorem,

    to send forth, utter, id. Div. 2, 23; cf.:

    miros risus,

    id. Q. Fr. 2, 10, 2:

    fremitum patulis sub naribus (equus),

    Lucr. 5, 1076:

    voces,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 8:

    dulces modos,

    Ov. F. 1, 444:

    questus,

    id. M. 4, 588:

    hinnitus,

    id. ib. 2, 669:

    latratus,

    id. ib. 4, 451 et saep.:

    Maeander in sinum maris editur,

    discharges itself, Liv. 38, 13; 39, 53 fin.:

    clanculum ex aedibus me edidi foras,

    have slipped out, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 9.
    II.
    In partic., to bring forth any thing new, to produce, beget, form, etc.
    A.
    Of what is born, begotten (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    progeniem in oras luminis,

    Lucr. 2, 617:

    crocodilos dicunt, cum in terra partum ediderint, obruere ova, deinde discedere,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 52; so,

    partum,

    Liv. 1, 39; cf.:

    aliquem partu,

    Verg. A. 7, 660; Ov. M. 4, 210; 13, 487:

    aliquem maturis nisibus,

    id. F. 5, 172:

    geminos Latona,

    id. M. 6, 336:

    nepotem Atlantis (Pleïas),

    id. F. 5, 664 al.: (draconem) Qui luci ediderat genitor Saturnius, idem Abdidit, Cic. Poëta Div. 2, 30, 64; cf.:

    Electram maximus Atlas Edidit,

    Verg. A. 8, 137.—In the pass.:

    hebetes eduntur,

    Quint. 1, 1, 2. —More freq. in the part.: in lucem editus, Poëta ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 48, 115 (a transl. of the Euripid. ton phunta); cf. Ov. M. 15, 221:

    editus partu,

    id. ib. 5, 517; 9, 678; id. F. 5, 26:

    Venus aquis,

    id. H. 7, 60; cf.:

    Limnate flumine Gange,

    id. M. 5, 48;

    for which: de flumine,

    id. H. 5, 10 (cf. Zumpt, Gramm. §

    451): ille hac,

    Ov. M. 10, 298; cf.:

    Maecenas atavis regibus,

    Hor. C. 1, 1, 1:

    infans ex nepte Julia,

    Suet. Aug. 65 et saep.—
    2.
    Transf.:

    (tellus) Edidit innumeras species,

    Ov. M. 1, 436; cf. Liv. 21, 41:

    frondem ulmus,

    puts forth, Col. 5, 6, 2:

    ea (sc. academia) praestantissimos in eloquentia viros edidit,

    Quint. 12, 2, 25.—
    B.
    Of literary productions, to put forth, to publish (class.):

    de republica libros,

    Cic. Brut. 5, 19; so,

    librum contra suum doctorem,

    id. Ac. 2, 4, 12:

    annales suos,

    id. Att. 2, 16, 4:

    orationem scriptam,

    Sall. C. 31, 6:

    aliquid,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 2, 7; Quint. 5, 10, 120; 3, 1, 18; 2, 1, 11; Hor. A. P. 390 et saep.—
    C.
    Transf., to set forth, publish, relate, tell, utter, announce, declare = exponere;

    esp. of the responses of priests and oracles, the decrees of authorities, etc.: apud eosdem (sc. censores) qui magistratu abierint edant et exponant, quid in magistratu gesserint,

    Cic. Leg. 3, 20, 47; cf. Hor. S. 2, 5, 61:

    ede illa, quae coeperas, et Bruto et mihi,

    Cic. Brut. 5, 20:

    nomen parentum,

    Ov. M. 3, 580; 9, 531; Hor. S. 2, 4, 10:

    veros ortus,

    Ov. M. 2, 43; cf.:

    auctor necis editus,

    id. ib. 8, 449:

    mea fata tibi,

    id. 11, 668 et saep. —With acc. and inf.:

    Apollo Pythius oraculum edidit, Spartam nulla re alia esse perituram, etc.,

    Cic. Off. 2, 22, 77; cf. Liv. 40, 45; 22, 10; 42, 2.—With dupl. acc.:

    auctorem doctrinae ejus falso Pythagoran edunt,

    id. 1, 18; cf. id. 1, 46; 27, 27 fin.:

    haec mihi, quae canerem Titio, deus edidit ore,

    Tib. 1, 4, 73:

    iis editis imperiis,

    id. 29, 25; cf.:

    edito alio tempore ac loco (with constitutum tempus et locus),

    Quint. 4, 2, 98:

    opinio in vulgus edita,

    spread abroad, Caes. B. C. 3, 29, 3; cf. Nep. Dat. 6, 4:

    consilia hostium,

    i. e. to divulge, betray, Liv. 10, 27 et saep.— Poet.:

    arma violentaque bella,

    i. e. to sing, celebrate in song, Ov. Am. 1, 1, 1.—Hence,
    2.
    Jurid. and polit. t. t., to give out, promulgate, proclaim, ordain:

    qua quisque actione agere volet, eam prius edere debet. Nam aequissimum videtur, eum, qui acturus est, edere actionem, etc.,

    Dig. 2, 13 (tit. De edendo), 1 sq.:

    verba,

    Cic. Quint. 20, 63; cf.

    judicium,

    id. ib. 21: tribus, said of the plaintiff in a causa sodaliciorum, to name the tribus (since he had the right, in order to choose the judges, to propose to the defendant four tribus, from which the latter could reject only one, and then to choose the judges according to his own pleasure out of the remaining three, Cic. Planc. 15, 36 sqq.:

    judices editi (= editicii),

    id. ib. 17, 41; cf.

    Wund. Cic. Planc. p. LXXVI. sq., and see editicius: socium tibi in hujus bonis edidisti Quintium,

    hast mentioned, Cic. Quint. 24 fin.:

    quantum Apronius edidisset deberi, tantum ex edicto dandum erat,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 29; 2, 2, 42: mandata edita, Liv. 31, 19; cf. id. 34, 35:

    ederet (consul) quid fieri velit,

    to command, id. 40, 40; cf. id. 45, 34.—
    (β).
    Transf. beyond the jurid. sphere:

    postquam hanc rationem cordi ventrique edidi, etc.,

    Plaut. Aul. 2, 8, 12.—
    D.
    Of other objects, to produce, perform, bring about, cause (freq. and class.):

    oves nullum fructum edere ex se sine cultu hominum et curatione possent,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 63, 158:

    vitales motus,

    Lucr. 3, 560:

    proelia pugnasque,

    id. 2, 119; 4, 1010; Liv. 8, 9; 21, 43 al.; cf.

    caedem,

    id. 5, 13; 10, 45 al.:

    strages,

    Verg. A. 9, 785 and 527:

    aliquantum trepidationis,

    Liv. 21, 28; cf.

    tumultum,

    id. 36, 19:

    ruinas,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 13 fin.:

    scelus, facinus,

    to perpetrate, id. Phil. 13, 9 fin.:

    annuam operam,

    i. e. to perform, Liv. 5, 4; cf. id. 3, 63; Suet. Tib. 35:

    munus gladiatorium (with parare),

    to exhibit, Liv. 28, 21; Suet. Calig. 18; cf.

    ludos,

    Tac. A. 1, 15; 3, 64; Suet. Caes. 10 al.:

    spectaculum,

    Tac. A. 14, 17; id. H. 2, 67; Suet. Caes. 44 et saep.:

    gladiatores,

    Suet. Aug. 45 et saep.:

    exemplum severitatis,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2, § 5;

    so more freq.: exempla in aliquem,

    Ter. Eun. 5, 6, 21; Caes. B. G. 1, 31, 12; Liv. 29, 9 fin. and 27; cf.:

    scelus in aliquem,

    Cic. Sest. 27.
    III.
    To raise up, lift, elevate:

    corpus celerem super equum,

    Tib. 4, 1, 114.—Hence,
    1.
    ēdĭtus, a, um, P. a. (set forth, heightened; hence, like excelsus).
    A.
    Prop., of places, elevated, high, lofty (cf.:

    altus, celsus, excelsus, sublimis, procerus, arduus, praeceps, profundus), opp. to flat, level (cf.: collis paululum ex planitie editus,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 8, 3; id. B. C. 1, 43, 2; Sall. J. 92, 5; Tac. A. 15, 27—very freq. and class.):

    Henna est loco perexcelso atque edito,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 48; Caes. B. G. 3, 19, 1 (with acclivis); 7, 18, 3; id. B. C. 3, 37, 4; Sall. J. 92, 5; 98, 3; Liv. 2, 50 et saep.— Comp., Caes. B. C. 1, 7, 5; 1, 43, 2; Sen. N. Q. 7, 5. — Sup., Auct. B. Alex. 28; 31; 72; Just. 2, 1, 17 al.—
    * B.
    Trop.:

    viribus editior,

    stronger, Hor. S. 1, 3, 110.— Adv. does not occur.—
    2.
    ēdĭtum, i, n.
    A.
    A height:

    in edito,

    Suet. Aug. 72:

    ex edito,

    Plin. 31, 3, 27.— Plur.:

    edita montium,

    Tac. A. 4, 46; 12, 56: in editis, Treb. Trig. Tyr. 26.—
    B.
    Transf., a command, order, Ov. M. 11, 647; cf. Liv. 25, 12, 4.
    3.
    ĕdo, ōnis, m. [1. edo], a glutton, Varr. ap. Non. 48, 19.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > edo

  • 9 forma

    forma, ae, f. [Sanscr. dhar-, dhar-āmi, bear; dhar-i-man, figure; Gr. thra- in thrênus, thronos; cf. Lat. frētus, frēnum, fortis, etc.], form, in the most comprehensive sense of the word, contour, figure, shape, appearance (syn.: species, frons, facies, vultus; figura).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.: Ha. Earum nutrix, qua sit facie, mihi expedi. Mi. Statura haud magna, corpore aquilo. Ha. Ipsa ea'st. Mi. Specie venusta, ore parvo, atque oculis pernigris. Ha. Formam quidem hercle verbis depinxti mihi, Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 154; cf.:

    quia semper eorum suppeditabatur facies et forma manebat,

    Lucr. 5, 1175:

    corporis nostri partes totaque figura et forma et statura, quam apta ad naturam sit, apparet,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 12, 35; cf. Auct. Her. 4, 47, 60:

    si omnium animantium formam vincit hominis figura, etc.,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 18, 48:

    forma ac species liberalis,

    id. Cael. 3, 6; cf. id. N. D. 1, 14, 37; 1, 27, 76 sqq.; id. Verr. 2, 4, 58, § 129; id. N. D. 1, 10, 26: aspicite, o cives, senis Enni imagini' formam, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 15, 34 (Epigr. 1 ed. Vahl.):

    hoc dico, non ab hominibus formae figuram venisse ad deos... Non ergo illorum humana forma, sed nostra divina dicenda est, etc.,

    id. N. D. 1, 32, 90:

    formaï servare figuram,

    Lucr. 4, 69; cf.:

    Homeri picturam, non poesin videmus. Quae regio, quae species formaque pugnae, qui motus hominum non ita expictus est, ut, etc.,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 39, 114 (v. Moser ad h. l.):

    eximia forma pueri,

    id. ib. 5, 21, 61:

    virgines formā excellente,

    Liv. 1, 9, 11:

    formā praestante puellae,

    Ov. H. 3, 35:

    forma viros neglecta decet,

    id. A. A. 1, 509; cf.:

    ut excellentem muliebris formae pulchritudinem muta in sese imago contineret,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 1, 1:

    illa aetate venerabilis, haec formae pulchrituline,

    Curt. 3, 11, 24:

    virginem adultam, formā excellentem,

    Liv. 3, 44, 4:

    virginem maxime formā notam,

    id. 4, 9, 4:

    una et viginti formae litterarum,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 37, 93:

    solis,

    Lucr. 5, 571:

    muralium falcium,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 14, 5:

    lanceae novae formae,

    Suet. Dom. 10:

    nova aedificiorum Urbis,

    id. Ner. 16:

    porticus,

    Plin. Ep. 9, 39, 5:

    forma et situs agri,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 4:

    eādem cerā aliae atque aliae formae duci solent,

    Quint. 10, 5, 9:

    geometricae formae,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 17; cf. id. de Or. 1, 42, 187:

    cum sit geometria divisa in numeros atque formas,

    Quint. 1, 10, 35; cf.

    also: Archimedes intentus formis, quas in pulvere descripserat,

    Liv. 25, 31, 9:

    dimidia circuli,

    Plin. 2, 59, 60, § 150:

    clarissimorum virorum formae,

    figures, images, Cic. Mil. 32, 86:

    ille artifex, cum faceret Jovis formam aut Minervae, etc.,

    id. Or. 2, 9:

    igneae formae,

    i. e. fiery bodies, id. N. D. 2, 40, 101:

    inque tori formam molles sternentur arenae,

    in the shape, form, Ov. Am. 2, 11, 47:

    (sacellum) crudis laterculis ad formam camini,

    Plin. 30, 7, 20, § 63:

    ut haec mulier praeter formam nihil ad similitudinem hominis reservarit,

    Cic. Clu. 70, 199.—In poet. circumlocution with gen.: astra tenent caeleste solum formaeque deorum, the forms of gods, for gods, Ov. M. 1, 73:

    formae ferarum,

    id. ib. 2, 78:

    ursi ac formae magnorum luporum,

    Verg. A. 7, 18:

    formae ingentis leo,

    of great size, Just. 15, 4, 17; Tac. A. 4, 72.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    Pregn., a fine form, beauty:

    di tibi formam, di tibi divitias dederant,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 4, 6; cf.:

    et genus et formam regina pecunia donat,

    id. ib. 1, 6, 37:

    movit Ajacem forma captivae Tecmessae,

    id. C. 2, 4, 6; Quint. 2, 5, 12:

    neque, ut laudanda, quae pecuniam suam pluribus largitur, ita quae formam,

    id. 5, 11, 26; 5, 12, 17.—Prov.:

    forma bonum fragile est,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 113.—
    2.
    An outline, plan, design (of an architect, etc.):

    cum formam videro, quale aedificium futurum sit, scire possum,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 8, 1: domus erit egregia;

    magis enim cerni jam poterat, quam quantum ex forma judicabamus,

    id. Q. Fr. 2, 5, 3 (2, 6, 2):

    qua ludum gladiatorium aedificaturus erat,

    Suet. Caes. 31.—
    3.
    A model after which any thing is made, a pattern, stamp, last (of a shoemaker), etc.:

    utendum plane sermone, ut numo, cui publica forma est,

    Quint. 1, 6, 3:

    denarius formae publicae,

    Sen. Ben. 5, 29; cf.: formas quasdam nostrae pecuniae agnoscunt, Tac. G. 5:

    formas binarias, ternarias et quaternarias, et denarias etiam resolvi praecepit neque in usu cujusquam versari,

    stamped money, coins, Lampr. Alex. Sev. 39; cf. Curt. 5, 2, 11:

    si scalpra et formas non sutor (emat),

    Hor. S. 2, 3, 106; cf.:

    forma calcei,

    Dig. 9, 2, 5, § 3.—
    4.
    A mould which gives form to something:

    (caseus) vel manu figuratur vel buxeis formis exprimitur,

    Col. 7, 8 fin.:

    formae in quibus aera funduntur,

    Plin. 36, 22, 49, § 168; hence, a frame, case, enclosure:

    opus tectorium propter excellentiam picturae ligneis formis inclusum,

    id. 35, 14, 49, § 173:

    formas rivorum perforare,

    i. e. the conduits, pipes, Front. Aquaed. 75:

    aquaeductus,

    Dig. 7, 1, 27.—Hence,
    b.
    Transf., the aqueduct itself, Front. Aquaed. 126.—
    5.
    A rescript, formulary (post-class., whereas the dimin. formula is predominant in this signif.):

    ex eorum (amicorum) sententia formas composuit,

    Capitol. Anton. 6; so Cod. Just. 1, 2, 20.—
    6.
    Item forma appellatur puls miliacea ex melle, Paul. ex Fest. p. 83 Müll.
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    In gen., shape, form, nature, manner, kind:

    ad me quasi formam communium temporum et totius rei publicae misisti expressam,

    Cic. Fam. 3, 11, 4; cf.:

    formam quidem ipsam et tamquam faciem honesti vides,

    id. Off. 1, 5, 14:

    innumerabiles quasi formae figuraeque dicendi,

    id. Or. 3, 9, 34:

    cum, quae forma et quasi naturalis nota cujusque sit, describitur, ut, si quaeratur avari species, seditiosi, gloriosi,

    id. de Or. 3, 29, 115; cf.:

    quae sit in ea species et forma et notio viri boni,

    id. Off. 3, 20, 81:

    forma ingenii,

    id. Brut. 85, 294:

    rei publicae,

    id. Fam. 2, 8, 1; cf.:

    exemplar formaque rei publicae,

    id. Rep. 2, 11:

    forma et species et origo tyranni,

    id. ib. 2, 29:

    forma rerum publicarum,

    id. Tusc. 2, 15, 36; cf. id. Rep. 1, 34 fin.:

    officii,

    id. Off. 1, 29, 103:

    propositi,

    Vell. 1, 16:

    sollicitudinum,

    Tac. A. 4, 60:

    formam vitae inire,

    id. ib. 1, 74:

    secundum vulgarem formam juris,

    Dig. 30, 1, 111:

    scelerum formae,

    Verg. A. 6, 626:

    poenae,

    id. ib. 615.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    In philos. lang., like species, a sort, kind: nolim, ne si Latine quidem dici possit, specierum et speciebus dicere; et saepe his casibus utendum est: at formis et formarum velim... Genus et formam definiunt hoc modo: genus est notio ad plures differentias pertinens;

    forma est notio, cujus differentia ad caput generis et quasi fontem referri potest. Formae igitur sunt hae, in quas genus sine ullius praetermissione dividitur, ut si quis jus in legem, morem, aequitatem dividat, etc.,

    Cic. Top. 7, 31; cf.:

    genus et species, quam eandem formam Cicero vocat,

    Quint. 5, 10, 62: a forma generis, quam interdum, quo planius accipiatur, partem licet nominare, hoc modo, etc.... Genus enim est uxor;

    ejus duae formae: una matrumfamilias, altera earum, quae tantummodo uxores habentur,

    Cic. Top. 4, 14:

    quod haec (partitio) sit totius in partes, illa (divisio) generis in formas,

    Quint. 5, 10, 63:

    duae formae matrimoniorum,

    id. 5, 10, 62.—
    2.
    In gram.
    a.
    The grammatical quality, condition of a word:

    in quo animadvertito, natura quadruplicem esse formam, ad quam in declinando accommodari debeant verba, etc.,

    Varr. L. L. 9, § 37 sq.; 101 sq. Müll.; Quint. 10, 1, 10.—
    b.
    The grammatical form of a word:

    utrum in secunda forma verbum temporale habeat in extrema syllaba AS an IS, ad discernendas dissimilitudines interest,

    Varr. L. L. 9, § 109 Müll.:

    aeditimus ea forma dictum, qua finitimus,

    Gell. 12, 10, 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > forma

  • 10 spectaclum

    spectācŭlum (contr. spectāclum, Prop. 4 (5), 8, 21 and 56), i, n. [specto], a show, sight, spectacle (class.).
    I.
    In gen.:

    lepidum spectaculum,

    Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 81:

    superarum rerum atque caelestium,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 56, 140:

    bis terque mutatae dapis,

    Hor. Epod. 5, 34:

    potius quam hoc spectaculum viderem,

    Cic. Mil. 38, 103: capere oblatae spectacula praedae, Ov. M. 3, 246; cf. id. ib. 7, 780:

    scorti procacis,

    Liv. 39, 43:

    Euripi,

    id. 45, 27:

    non hoc ista sibi tempus spectacula poscit,

    Verg. A. 6, 37:

    spectaclum ipsa sedens,

    i. e. exposed to public view, in the sight of all, Prop. 4 (5), 8, 21:

    neque hoc parentes Effugerit spectaculum,

    Hor. Epod. 5, 102.—Esp. in the phrases:

    spectaculum (alicui) praebere, spectaculum (spectaculo) esse alicui: circuitus solis et lunae spectaculum hominibus praebent,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 62, 155; so,

    praebere,

    Liv. 45, 28:

    praebent spectacula capti,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 581:

    o spectaculum illud hominibus luctuosum, cedere e patriā servatorem ejus, manere in patriā perditores!

    Cic. Phil. 10, 4, 8; cf. id. Corn. 1, § 19:

    homini non amico nostra incommoda spectaculo esse nolim,

    id. Att. 10, 2, 2:

    insequitur acies ornata armataque, ut hostium quoque magnificum spectaculum esset,

    Liv. 10, 40 fin. —
    II.
    In partic.
    A.
    Lit., in the theatre, circus, etc., a public sight or show, a stageplay, spectacle (cf.:

    munus, ludi, fabula): spectacula sunt tributim data,

    Cic. Mur. 34, 72:

    apparatissimum,

    id. Phil. 1, 15, 36:

    gladiatorium,

    Liv. 39, 42:

    gladiatorum,

    id. 28, 21 fin.; Plin. 2, 26, 25, § 96:

    circi,

    Liv. 7, 2:

    scenae,

    Ov. A. A. 3, 351:

    ludorum,

    Suet. Aug. 14:

    athletarum,

    id. ib. 44; id. Ner. 12:

    naumachiae,

    id. Caes. 44:

    nondum commisso spectaculo,

    Liv. 2, 36, 1:

    interesse spectaculo,

    id. 2, 38, 4:

    inter matutina harenae spectacula,

    Sen. Ira, 3, 43, 2:

    meridianum,

    id. Ep. 7, 3.—
    B.
    Transf., the place whence plays are witnessed, the seats of the spectators, seats, places in the theatre, the amphitheatre:

    spectacula ruunt,

    Plaut. Curc. 5, 2, 47:

    ex omnibus spectaculis plausus est excitatus,

    Cic. Sest. 58, 124:

    resonant spectacula plausu,

    Ov. M. 10, 668:

    loca divisa patribus equitibusque, ubi spectacula sibi quisque facerent,

    Liv. 1, 35, 8:

    spectaculorum gradus,

    Tac. A. 14, 13:

    spectaculis detractus et in harenam deductus,

    Suet. Calig. 35; id. Dom. 10.—
    2.
    In gen., the theatre:

    ingressum spectacula,

    Suet. Calig. 35:

    in caelum trabibus spectacula textis surgere,

    Calp. Ecl. 7, 23.—
    3.
    The spectators:

    spectacula tantum este, viri,

    Sil. 2, 230:

    virtutis,

    id. 8, 556.—
    C.
    A wonder, miracle: spectacula septem, the seven wonders of the world:

    in septem spectaculis nominari,

    Vitr. 2, 8, 11:

    numerari inter septem omnium terrarum spectacula,

    Gell. 10, 18, 4.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > spectaclum

  • 11 spectaculum

    spectācŭlum (contr. spectāclum, Prop. 4 (5), 8, 21 and 56), i, n. [specto], a show, sight, spectacle (class.).
    I.
    In gen.:

    lepidum spectaculum,

    Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 81:

    superarum rerum atque caelestium,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 56, 140:

    bis terque mutatae dapis,

    Hor. Epod. 5, 34:

    potius quam hoc spectaculum viderem,

    Cic. Mil. 38, 103: capere oblatae spectacula praedae, Ov. M. 3, 246; cf. id. ib. 7, 780:

    scorti procacis,

    Liv. 39, 43:

    Euripi,

    id. 45, 27:

    non hoc ista sibi tempus spectacula poscit,

    Verg. A. 6, 37:

    spectaclum ipsa sedens,

    i. e. exposed to public view, in the sight of all, Prop. 4 (5), 8, 21:

    neque hoc parentes Effugerit spectaculum,

    Hor. Epod. 5, 102.—Esp. in the phrases:

    spectaculum (alicui) praebere, spectaculum (spectaculo) esse alicui: circuitus solis et lunae spectaculum hominibus praebent,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 62, 155; so,

    praebere,

    Liv. 45, 28:

    praebent spectacula capti,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 581:

    o spectaculum illud hominibus luctuosum, cedere e patriā servatorem ejus, manere in patriā perditores!

    Cic. Phil. 10, 4, 8; cf. id. Corn. 1, § 19:

    homini non amico nostra incommoda spectaculo esse nolim,

    id. Att. 10, 2, 2:

    insequitur acies ornata armataque, ut hostium quoque magnificum spectaculum esset,

    Liv. 10, 40 fin. —
    II.
    In partic.
    A.
    Lit., in the theatre, circus, etc., a public sight or show, a stageplay, spectacle (cf.:

    munus, ludi, fabula): spectacula sunt tributim data,

    Cic. Mur. 34, 72:

    apparatissimum,

    id. Phil. 1, 15, 36:

    gladiatorium,

    Liv. 39, 42:

    gladiatorum,

    id. 28, 21 fin.; Plin. 2, 26, 25, § 96:

    circi,

    Liv. 7, 2:

    scenae,

    Ov. A. A. 3, 351:

    ludorum,

    Suet. Aug. 14:

    athletarum,

    id. ib. 44; id. Ner. 12:

    naumachiae,

    id. Caes. 44:

    nondum commisso spectaculo,

    Liv. 2, 36, 1:

    interesse spectaculo,

    id. 2, 38, 4:

    inter matutina harenae spectacula,

    Sen. Ira, 3, 43, 2:

    meridianum,

    id. Ep. 7, 3.—
    B.
    Transf., the place whence plays are witnessed, the seats of the spectators, seats, places in the theatre, the amphitheatre:

    spectacula ruunt,

    Plaut. Curc. 5, 2, 47:

    ex omnibus spectaculis plausus est excitatus,

    Cic. Sest. 58, 124:

    resonant spectacula plausu,

    Ov. M. 10, 668:

    loca divisa patribus equitibusque, ubi spectacula sibi quisque facerent,

    Liv. 1, 35, 8:

    spectaculorum gradus,

    Tac. A. 14, 13:

    spectaculis detractus et in harenam deductus,

    Suet. Calig. 35; id. Dom. 10.—
    2.
    In gen., the theatre:

    ingressum spectacula,

    Suet. Calig. 35:

    in caelum trabibus spectacula textis surgere,

    Calp. Ecl. 7, 23.—
    3.
    The spectators:

    spectacula tantum este, viri,

    Sil. 2, 230:

    virtutis,

    id. 8, 556.—
    C.
    A wonder, miracle: spectacula septem, the seven wonders of the world:

    in septem spectaculis nominari,

    Vitr. 2, 8, 11:

    numerari inter septem omnium terrarum spectacula,

    Gell. 10, 18, 4.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > spectaculum

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