-
121 n
N, n, had its full, pure sound only when it began a syllable; in the middle or at the end of a word it was weakened. Hence the remark of Priscian (p. 556 P.): n quoque plenior in primis sonat, et in ultimis partibus syllabarum, ut nomen, stamen; exilior in mediis, ut amnis, damnum, is not accurate, v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, p. 248 sq. Between two vowels, the single n frequently takes the place, in MSS. and inscriptions, of double n; thus: Pescenius, Porsena, conubium, conecto, conitor, coniveo. The n of con- for com- often falls away before h; as: cohaerere, coheres, cohibere, cohors; and before j; as: coicere, cojux or cojunx, cosul, etc. In very late Latin, n was frequently dropped before s in the participial ending -ans, -ens, and before st, scr, or simple s in composition. In the earlier language this occurs in the ending -iens; as: quoties, toties, vicies, for quotiens, etc.; and in a few other instances, as castresis for castrensis; formosus for the older form formonsus; and in inscriptions, meses for menses, tösor for tonsor, etc.; cf. also, quăsi for quansi (quam si). Before the guttural letters a medial n receives the sound of Greek g before gutturals, wherefore, in early times, viz., by Attius, we have also g written for n: Agchises, agceps, aggulus, aggens, agguilla, iggerunt, etc., Varr. ap. Prisc. p. 556 P. (cf. Varr. L. L. p. 264 Müll.); cf. Mar. Victor. p. 2462 and 2465 P.; hence called n adulterinum by Nigid. ap. Gell. 19, 14, 7.Assimilation commonly takes place before l, m, and r: illabor, immitto, irrumpo (v. in), yet is often neglected; before the labials, n is commonly changed into m: imberbis, imbutus; impar, impleo; and before initial m the preposition in is frequently written im, v. Prol. Verg. p. 433 Rib.The letter n is frequently inserted, particularly before s: me n sis, e n sis, ansa; Megalesia and Megalensia, frons and frus. Less freq. before other consonants: tu n do, ju n go, mi n go, pu n go, etc.; cf. also: lanterna and laterna, ligula and lingula. Sometimes n is inserted with a vowel: fru-niscor from fruor, and perh. fenestra from festra. The double forms, alioquin and alioqui, ceteroqui and ceteroquin, seem to rest on purely phonetic grounds, v. h. vv.As an abbreviation, N usually stands for natus, nefastus dies, nepos, nomine, novum, the praenomen Numerius, numero, numine.—N = natione, natus, nostri, nostro, etc., numerus, numero, etc. N. D. N. = numini domini nostri. N. L. = non liquet (v. liqueo). N. M. V. = nobilis memoriae vir. NN. BB. = nobilissimi. NP. = nefastus prior. NVM. = nummum. In poetry, n alone sometimes stands for the enclitic ne, even before a consonant:nostin quae sit?
Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 58; Verg. A. 3, 319; 12, 797 al. -
122 niger
1.nĭger, gra, grum ( gen. fem. nigraï, Lucr. 4, 537; comp. nigrior, Ov. H. 18, 7), adj., black, sable, dark, dusky (cf.: ater, pullus).I.Lit.:II.quae alba sint, quae nigra, dicere,
Cic. Div. 2, 3, 9:quamvis ille niger, quamvis tu candidus esses,
Verg. E. 2, 16:hederae nigrae,
id. G. 2, 258:silvae (= umbrosae),
Hor. C. 1, 21, 7:frons,
id. ib. 4, 4, 58:collis,
id. ib. 4, 12, 11:lucus,
Ov. F. 3, 295 (for which atrum nemus, Verg. A. 1, 165):caelum pice nigrius,
Ov. H. 18, 7:nigerrimus Auster,
i. e. causing darkness, Verg. G. 3, 278; so,venti,
Hor. C. 1, 5, 7:Eurus,
id. Epod. 10, 5:nigros efferre maritos,
i. e. killed by poison, Juv. 1, 71; cf.:pocula nigra,
poisoned, Prop. 2, 20, 68 (3, 23, 10).—Prov.: facere candida de nigris;nigra in candida vertere,
to turn black into white, Juv. 3, 29; cf. Ov. M. 11, 315.— Subst.: nĭgrum, i, n., a black spot, Ov. A. A. 1, 291.—Trop.A.Of or pertaining to death:B.nigrorumque memor, dum licet, ignium (= lugubris rogi),
of the funeral pile, Hor. C. 4, 12, 26:hora,
Tib. 3, 5, 5:dies,
the day of death, Prop. 2 (3), 19, 19:Juppiter niger,
i. e. Pluto, Sen. Herc. Oet. 1705.—Sad, mournful:C.domus,
Stat. S. 5, 1, 18; Val. Fl. 3, 404.—Unlucky, ill-omened: huncine solem Tam nigrum surrexe mihi? Hor. S. 1, 9, 72; Prop. 2, 21, 38 (3, 25, 4): lapis, the spot in the Comitium where Romulus or one of his adherents was slain, Paul. ex Fest. p. 177 Müll.—D.Of character, black, bad, wicked:2. 3.Phormio, nec minus niger, nec minus confidens, quam ille Terentianus est Phormio,
Cic. Caecin. 10, 27:hic niger est, hunc tu, Romane, caveto,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 85.Nĭger, gris, m., a river in Africa, Mart. Cap. 6, § 673; v. Nigris. -
123 nigrum
1.nĭger, gra, grum ( gen. fem. nigraï, Lucr. 4, 537; comp. nigrior, Ov. H. 18, 7), adj., black, sable, dark, dusky (cf.: ater, pullus).I.Lit.:II.quae alba sint, quae nigra, dicere,
Cic. Div. 2, 3, 9:quamvis ille niger, quamvis tu candidus esses,
Verg. E. 2, 16:hederae nigrae,
id. G. 2, 258:silvae (= umbrosae),
Hor. C. 1, 21, 7:frons,
id. ib. 4, 4, 58:collis,
id. ib. 4, 12, 11:lucus,
Ov. F. 3, 295 (for which atrum nemus, Verg. A. 1, 165):caelum pice nigrius,
Ov. H. 18, 7:nigerrimus Auster,
i. e. causing darkness, Verg. G. 3, 278; so,venti,
Hor. C. 1, 5, 7:Eurus,
id. Epod. 10, 5:nigros efferre maritos,
i. e. killed by poison, Juv. 1, 71; cf.:pocula nigra,
poisoned, Prop. 2, 20, 68 (3, 23, 10).—Prov.: facere candida de nigris;nigra in candida vertere,
to turn black into white, Juv. 3, 29; cf. Ov. M. 11, 315.— Subst.: nĭgrum, i, n., a black spot, Ov. A. A. 1, 291.—Trop.A.Of or pertaining to death:B.nigrorumque memor, dum licet, ignium (= lugubris rogi),
of the funeral pile, Hor. C. 4, 12, 26:hora,
Tib. 3, 5, 5:dies,
the day of death, Prop. 2 (3), 19, 19:Juppiter niger,
i. e. Pluto, Sen. Herc. Oet. 1705.—Sad, mournful:C.domus,
Stat. S. 5, 1, 18; Val. Fl. 3, 404.—Unlucky, ill-omened: huncine solem Tam nigrum surrexe mihi? Hor. S. 1, 9, 72; Prop. 2, 21, 38 (3, 25, 4): lapis, the spot in the Comitium where Romulus or one of his adherents was slain, Paul. ex Fest. p. 177 Müll.—D.Of character, black, bad, wicked:2. 3.Phormio, nec minus niger, nec minus confidens, quam ille Terentianus est Phormio,
Cic. Caecin. 10, 27:hic niger est, hunc tu, Romane, caveto,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 85.Nĭger, gris, m., a river in Africa, Mart. Cap. 6, § 673; v. Nigris. -
124 O
1.O, o, the fourteenth letter of the Latin alphabet, corresponding to the Gr. o and ô. The Latin language possessed both the sound and the sign from the earliest times; whereas the Etruscan language never possessed the o, and the Umbrian seems not to have received it as an alphabetical character till a later period. The oldest monuments of the Latin tongue frequently employ o where the classic language has u. So on the Column. Rostr. MACESTRATOS ( acc. plur.), EXFOCIONT, CONSOL, PRIMOS ( nom. sing.), CAPTOM; in the epitaphs of the Scipios, HONC OINO, COSENTIONT, DVONORO OPTVMO VIRO (bonorum optumum virum); in the S. C. de Bacch. IN OQVOLTOD al. And even in the later inscrr. and MSS., we sometimes find o for u:2.POPLICO, POPOLVM, TABOLEIS, in the Tab. Bantina: FACIONDAM DEDERONT,
Inscr. Orell. 1585:MONDO, HOC TOMOLO,
ib. 4858:fondus, fornacatibus, solitodo, etc., in good MSS. (v. Freund,
Cic. Mil. p. 18). And, on the contrary, u for o in the old forms, fruns, funtes, for frons, fontes, v. h. vv.: RVBVSTIS for robustis, in the Cenot. Pisan.; v. Inscr. Orell. 642:NVMENCLATOR,
Inscr. Grut. 630, 5:CONSVBRINVS,
ib. 1107, 1:SACERDVS,
ib. 34, 5:VNV LOCV,
ib. 840, 1. O appears in class. Lat. particularly in connection with qu and v: quom, avos. This interchange of o and u seems to have been effected rather by dialectical and local than by organic and historical causes; just as in the modern Italian dialects a preference is shown on the one hand for o and on the other for u, and in one and the same dialect the Latin o has passed over into u and the u into o. —On the commutation of o and e, see the letter E.—We have o for au in Clodius, plodo, plostrum, sodes, etc. (also in polulum for paululum, Cato, R. R. 10, 2).— O inserted in the archaic forms:Patricoles, Hercoles, v. Ritschl ap. Rhein. Mus. 8, p. 475 sq., and 9, p. 480. As an abbreviation, O. stands for omnis and optimus: I. O. M., Jovi Optimo Maximo: O. E. B. Q. C., ossa ejus bene quiescant condita,
Inscr. Orell. 4489; cf.:O. I. B. Q., ossa illius bene quiescant,
ib. 4483; 4490:O. N. F., omnium nomine faciundae,
ib. 4415:O. T. B. Q., ossa tua bene quiescant: O. V., optimo viro,
ib. 4135;also: optimi viri,
ib. 5037.ō (long also before an initial vowel:1.o ego,
Ov. M. 8, 51; Hor. A. P. 301;but also short: ŏ Alexi,
Verg. E. 2, 65), interj. The commonest exclamation of joy, astonishment, [p. 1232] desire, grief, indignation, etc.; O! Oh! constr. usually with voc. or acc.; less freq. with nom., gen., utinam, si.With voc.: o Romule, Romule die, Enn. ap. Cic. Rep. 1, 41 Vahl. (Ann. v. 115 Vahl.): o Tite, tute Tuti, id. ap. Prisc. p. 947 P. (Ann. v. 113 Vahl.); cf.: o Tite, si quid te adjuero, id. ap. Cic. Sen. 1, 1 (Ann. v. 339 Vahl.):2.o mi Furni!
Cic. Fam. 10, 26, 2:o paterni generis oblite,
id. Pis. 26, 62.—With acc.:3.o faciem pulchram... o infortunatum senem,
Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 5 and 7:o miseras hominum mentes,
Lucr. 2, 14:o me perditum, o me afflictum!
Cic. Fam. 14, 4, 3:o hominem nequam!
id. Att. 4, 13, 2:o praeclarum custodem ovium, ut aiunt, lupum!
id. Phil. 3, 11, 27:o rem totam odiosam,
id. Att. 6, 4, 1:o Bruti amanter seriptas, litteras,
id. ib. 15, 10.—With nom. (rare): o pietas animi, Enn. ap. Cic. Ac. 2, 27, 88 (Ann. v. 8 Vahl.): o Patricoles, id. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 16, 38 (Trag. v. 14 Vahl.):4.o vir fortis atque amicus!
Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 10:o ego ter felix,
Ov. M. 8, 51; so,o ego,
Hor. A. P. 301:o multum miseri,
Ov. M. 4, 155:o qualis facies!
Juv. 10, 157.—With utinam:5.o utinam Obrutus esset!
Ov. H. 1, 5; id. M. 1, 363 al.—With si: quamquam, o si solitae quicquam virtutis adesset! yet oh! if, etc., Verg. A. 11, 415.—6.With gen.:o nuntii beati,
Cat. 9, 5.—By poets also placed after a word:o lux Dardaniae, spes o fidissima Teucrūm,
Verg. A. 2, 281:quid o tua fulmina cessant!
Ov. M. 2, 279.—Three times repeated: o pater, o genitor, o sanguen dis oriundum, Enn. ap. Cic. Rep. 1, 41 (Ann. v. 117 Vahl.); cf.: o pater, o patria, o Priami domus, id. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 19, 44 (Trag. v. 118 Vahl.):o soror, o conjux, o femina sola superstes,
Ov. M. 1, 351. -
125 o
1.O, o, the fourteenth letter of the Latin alphabet, corresponding to the Gr. o and ô. The Latin language possessed both the sound and the sign from the earliest times; whereas the Etruscan language never possessed the o, and the Umbrian seems not to have received it as an alphabetical character till a later period. The oldest monuments of the Latin tongue frequently employ o where the classic language has u. So on the Column. Rostr. MACESTRATOS ( acc. plur.), EXFOCIONT, CONSOL, PRIMOS ( nom. sing.), CAPTOM; in the epitaphs of the Scipios, HONC OINO, COSENTIONT, DVONORO OPTVMO VIRO (bonorum optumum virum); in the S. C. de Bacch. IN OQVOLTOD al. And even in the later inscrr. and MSS., we sometimes find o for u:2.POPLICO, POPOLVM, TABOLEIS, in the Tab. Bantina: FACIONDAM DEDERONT,
Inscr. Orell. 1585:MONDO, HOC TOMOLO,
ib. 4858:fondus, fornacatibus, solitodo, etc., in good MSS. (v. Freund,
Cic. Mil. p. 18). And, on the contrary, u for o in the old forms, fruns, funtes, for frons, fontes, v. h. vv.: RVBVSTIS for robustis, in the Cenot. Pisan.; v. Inscr. Orell. 642:NVMENCLATOR,
Inscr. Grut. 630, 5:CONSVBRINVS,
ib. 1107, 1:SACERDVS,
ib. 34, 5:VNV LOCV,
ib. 840, 1. O appears in class. Lat. particularly in connection with qu and v: quom, avos. This interchange of o and u seems to have been effected rather by dialectical and local than by organic and historical causes; just as in the modern Italian dialects a preference is shown on the one hand for o and on the other for u, and in one and the same dialect the Latin o has passed over into u and the u into o. —On the commutation of o and e, see the letter E.—We have o for au in Clodius, plodo, plostrum, sodes, etc. (also in polulum for paululum, Cato, R. R. 10, 2).— O inserted in the archaic forms:Patricoles, Hercoles, v. Ritschl ap. Rhein. Mus. 8, p. 475 sq., and 9, p. 480. As an abbreviation, O. stands for omnis and optimus: I. O. M., Jovi Optimo Maximo: O. E. B. Q. C., ossa ejus bene quiescant condita,
Inscr. Orell. 4489; cf.:O. I. B. Q., ossa illius bene quiescant,
ib. 4483; 4490:O. N. F., omnium nomine faciundae,
ib. 4415:O. T. B. Q., ossa tua bene quiescant: O. V., optimo viro,
ib. 4135;also: optimi viri,
ib. 5037.ō (long also before an initial vowel:1.o ego,
Ov. M. 8, 51; Hor. A. P. 301;but also short: ŏ Alexi,
Verg. E. 2, 65), interj. The commonest exclamation of joy, astonishment, [p. 1232] desire, grief, indignation, etc.; O! Oh! constr. usually with voc. or acc.; less freq. with nom., gen., utinam, si.With voc.: o Romule, Romule die, Enn. ap. Cic. Rep. 1, 41 Vahl. (Ann. v. 115 Vahl.): o Tite, tute Tuti, id. ap. Prisc. p. 947 P. (Ann. v. 113 Vahl.); cf.: o Tite, si quid te adjuero, id. ap. Cic. Sen. 1, 1 (Ann. v. 339 Vahl.):2.o mi Furni!
Cic. Fam. 10, 26, 2:o paterni generis oblite,
id. Pis. 26, 62.—With acc.:3.o faciem pulchram... o infortunatum senem,
Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 5 and 7:o miseras hominum mentes,
Lucr. 2, 14:o me perditum, o me afflictum!
Cic. Fam. 14, 4, 3:o hominem nequam!
id. Att. 4, 13, 2:o praeclarum custodem ovium, ut aiunt, lupum!
id. Phil. 3, 11, 27:o rem totam odiosam,
id. Att. 6, 4, 1:o Bruti amanter seriptas, litteras,
id. ib. 15, 10.—With nom. (rare): o pietas animi, Enn. ap. Cic. Ac. 2, 27, 88 (Ann. v. 8 Vahl.): o Patricoles, id. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 16, 38 (Trag. v. 14 Vahl.):4.o vir fortis atque amicus!
Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 10:o ego ter felix,
Ov. M. 8, 51; so,o ego,
Hor. A. P. 301:o multum miseri,
Ov. M. 4, 155:o qualis facies!
Juv. 10, 157.—With utinam:5.o utinam Obrutus esset!
Ov. H. 1, 5; id. M. 1, 363 al.—With si: quamquam, o si solitae quicquam virtutis adesset! yet oh! if, etc., Verg. A. 11, 415.—6.With gen.:o nuntii beati,
Cat. 9, 5.—By poets also placed after a word:o lux Dardaniae, spes o fidissima Teucrūm,
Verg. A. 2, 281:quid o tua fulmina cessant!
Ov. M. 2, 279.—Three times repeated: o pater, o genitor, o sanguen dis oriundum, Enn. ap. Cic. Rep. 1, 41 (Ann. v. 117 Vahl.); cf.: o pater, o patria, o Priami domus, id. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 19, 44 (Trag. v. 118 Vahl.):o soror, o conjux, o femina sola superstes,
Ov. M. 1, 351. -
126 obverto
ob-verto, ti, sum, 3, v. a.I.To turn [p. 1249] towards or against, to direct towards any thing (not in Cic. or Cæs.): cujus ob os Graii ora obvertebant sua, Poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 18, 39; also ap. Cic. Fam. 9, 26, 2:II.mihi cornua,
Plaut. Ps. 4, 3, 3:arcūs in aliquem,
Ov. M. 12, 605:fenestras in aquilonem,
Plin. 14, 21, 27, § 133:pelago proras,
Verg. A. 6, 3;without pelago: cornua velatarum obvertimus antennarum,
direct, id. ib. 3, 549: obstantes dum vult obvertere remos, to turn against (the water), to play, Ov. M. 3, 676:ordines ad clamorem,
Liv. 27, 18.—Mid., to turn one's self to or towards, turn to any thing:A.obvertor ad undas,
Ov. H. 19, 191.—Hence, obversus, a, um, P. a., turned towards or against, directed towards.Lit.:B.faciemque obversus in agmen utrumque,
Ov. M. 12, 467:ad matrem,
Tac. A. 4, 54:domicilia (apium) ad orientem,
Col. 9, 7, 5;for which: frons (ornithonis) orienti,
id. 8, 3, 1:Caucasus quā soli est obversus,
Sol. 65.—With simple acc.:obversus orientem,
App. M. 2, p. 127; cf.:profligatis obversis,
the opponents, enemy, Tac. A. 12, 14.—Trop., turned towards, inclined to, engaged in:ad sanguinem, et caedes,
Tac. H. 3, 83:obversi militum studiis,
id. ib. 3, 11. -
127 Orneus
-
128 orneus
См. также в других словарях:
FRONS — Genio olim sacra, teste Serv. qui addit Virg. Ecl. 6. v. 22. et 7. v. 27. Aen. l. 5. v. 567. Unde quoties Deum veneramur, frontem tangimus: Plin. sic describitur l. 11. c. 37. Frons et aliis (animantibus) sed homini tantum tristitiae, hilaritatis … Hofmann J. Lexicon universale
Frons — Frons, n. [L., front.] (Anal.) The forehead; the part of the cranium between the orbits and the vertex. [1913 Webster] … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Frons — (lat. = Stirn) bezeichnet die Stirn des Menschen und anderer Wirbeltiere die Stirnregion auf der Kopfkapsel der Insekten, siehe Frons (Insekt). Diese Seite ist eine Begriffsklärung zur Unterscheidung mehrerer mit demselben W … Deutsch Wikipedia
Frons — die; , Frọntes [...te:s] <aus lat. frons, Gen. frontis »Stirn«> Stirn, Stirnbein (Anat., Med.) … Das große Fremdwörterbuch
Frons — (singular) is the term used to describe the frontal area of an insect s head. It covers the upper part of the face above the clypeus and below and between the antennae. It supports the pharyngeal dilator muscles and usually bears an ocellus… … Wikipedia
Frons [1] — Frons (lat.), 1) Stirn; 2) Vorderseite … Pierer's Universal-Lexikon
Frons [2] — Frons (lat.), 1) Belaubung; 2) Stamm der Palmen; 3) Belaubung der Palmen; 4) der Wedel der Kryptogamen … Pierer's Universal-Lexikon
Frons [3] — Frons, Falkenkrankheit, s.u. Falkenjagd … Pierer's Universal-Lexikon
Frons — (lat.), Laub der Bäume etc., speziell blattähnlich gestaltete Thallusformen, namentlich die der Tange; auch die flachen, blattartig gelappten, kriechenden und auf der Unterseite Wurzelhaare tragenden, blattlosen Stämmchen vieler Lebermoose… … Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon
Frons — (lat.), Laub; in der Botanik die blatt oder bandartigen Vegetationskörper der frondosen Lebermoose; auch der Thallus der Laubflechten … Kleines Konversations-Lexikon
frons — [fränz] n. pl. frontes [frän′tēz] [L: see FRONT1] the upper front portion of the head of an insect, human, etc.; forehead … English World dictionary